Tektronix 2401, 2400, 2400 C, 2400 LV, 2410 Quick Start Guide
...
Series 2400 SourceMeter®
Quick Start Guide
2400S-903-01 Rev. E / September 2011
moc.yelhtiek.www
ECNEDIFNOC FO ERUSAEM RETAERG A
Series 2400 SourceMeter
Quick S tart Guide
®
©2011, Keithley Instruments, Inc.
Document Number:
All rights reserved.
Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A.
2400S-903-01 Rev. E / September 2011
The following safety precautions should be observed before using this product an d any associated instrumentation. Although some
instruments and accessories would normally be used with non-hazardous voltages, there are situations where hazardous conditions may
be present.
n
This product is intended for use by qualified personnel who recog
to avoid possible injury. Read and follow all installation, operation, and maintenance information carefully before using the product. Refer
to the user documentation for complete product specifications.
ize shock hazards and are familiar with the safety precautions required
Safety Precautions
If the product is used in a manner not sp
The types of product users are:
Responsible body is the
operated within its specifications and operating limits, and for ensuring that operators are adequately trained.
Operators use
They must be protected from electric shock and contact with hazardous live circuits.
Maintenance personnel perform routin
replacing consumable materials. Maintenance procedures are described in the user documentation. The procedures explicitly state if the
operator may perform them. Otherwise, they should be performed only by service personnel.
Service personnel are trained to
personnel may perform installation and service procedures.
Keithley Instruments products are designed for use with electrical signals that
Category II, as described in the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) Standard IEC 60664. Most measurement, control, and
data I/O signals are Measurement Category I and must not be directly connected to mains voltage or to voltage sources with high transient
over-voltages. Measurement Category II connections require protection for high transient over-voltages often associated with local AC
mains connections. Assume all measurement, control, and data I/O connections are for connection to Category I sources unless otherwise
marked or described in the user documentation.
Exercise extreme caution when a shock hazard is prese
American National Standards Institute (ANSI) states that a shock hazard exists when voltage levels greater than 30V RMS, 42.4V peak,
or 60VDC are present. A good safety practice is to expect that hazardous voltage is present in any unknown circuit before measuring.
the
individual or group responsible for the use and maintenance of equipment, for ensuring that the equipment is
product for its intended function. They must be trained in electrical safety procedures and proper use of the instrument.
ecified, the protection provided by the product warranty may be impaired.
e procedures on the product to keep it operating properly, for example, setting the line voltage or
work on live circuits, perform safe installations, and repair products. Only properly trained service
are rated Measurement Category I and Measurement
n
t. Lethal voltage may be present on cable connector jacks or test fixtures. The
c
Operators of this product must be protected from ele
prevented access and/or insulated from every connection point. In some cases, connections must be exposed to potential human contact.
Product operators in these circumstances must be trained to protect themselves from the risk of electric shock. If the circuit is capable of
operating at or above 1000V, no conductive part of the circuit may be exposed.
Do not connect switching cards directly to unlimited power circuits
connect switching cards directly to AC mains. When connecting sources to switching cards, install protective devices to limit fault current
and voltage to the card.
Before operating an instrument, ensure that the line cord is con
cables, test leads, and jumpers for possible wear, cracks, or breaks before each use.
tric shock at all times. The responsible body must ensure that operators are
. They are intended to be used with impedance-limited sources. NEVER
nected
to a properly-grounded power receptacle. Inspect the connecting
04/09
When installing equipment where access to the main power cord is restricted, such as rack mounting, a separate main input power
!
disconnect device must be provided in close proximity to the equipment and within easy reach of the operator.
For maximum safety, do not touch the product, test cables, or any other instruments
AL W AYS remove power from the entire test system and discharge any capacitors before: connecting or disconnecting cables or jumpers,
installing or removing switching cards, or making internal changes, such as installing or removing jumpers.
Do not touch any object that could provide a current path to the common
make measurements with dry hands while standing on a dry, insulated surface capable of withstanding the voltage being measured.
The instrument and accessories must be used in a
equipment may be impaired.
Do not exceed the maximum signal levels of the instrument
and as shown on the instrument or test fixture panels, or switching card.
When fuses are used in a product, replace with the same type and rati
Chassis connections must only be used as shield connections for measuring
If you are using a test fixture, keep the lid closed while power is applied to the device under test. Safe operation requires the u
interlock.
If a screw is present, connect it to safety earth ground u
The symbol on an instrument means caution, risk of danger. The user should refer to the operating instructions located in the user
documentation in all cases where the symbo
The symbol on an instrument means caution, risk of danger. Use standard safety precautions to avoid personal contact with these
voltages.
ccordance with its specifications and operating instruct ions, or the safety of the
s and accessories, as defined in the specifications and operating information,
sing the wire recommended in the user documentation.
l is marked on the instrument.
side of the circuit under test or power line (earth) ground. Always
ng for continued protection against fire hazard.
circuits, NOT as safety earth ground connections.
while power is applied to the circuit under test.
se of a lid
The symbol on an instrument shows that the
The symbol indicates a connection terminal to the equipment frame.
If this symbol is on a product, it indicates that mercury is present in
disposed of according to federal, st
The WARNING he
associated information very carefully before performing the indicated procedure.
The CAUTION head
warranty.
Instrumentation and accessories shall not be connected to humans.
Before performing any maintenance, disconnect the line cord and all test cables.
T o maintain protection from electric shock and fire, replacement compon
and input jacks - must be purchased from Keithley Instruments. Standard fuses with applicable national safety approvals may be used if
the rating and type are the same. Other components that are not safety-related may be purchased from other suppliers as long as they
are equivalent to the original component (note that selected parts should be purchased only through Keithley Instruments to maintain
accuracy and functionality of the product). If you are unsure about the applicability of a replacement component, call a Keithley Instruments
office for information.
To clean an instrument, use a damp cloth or mild, water-based clea
directly to the instrument or allow liquids to enter or spill on the instrument. Products that consist of a circuit board with no case or chassis
(e.g., a data acquisition board for installation into a computer) should never require cleaning if handled according to instructions. If the
board becomes contaminated and operation is affected, the board should be returned to the factory for proper cleaning/servicing.
ading in the user documentation explains dangers that might result in personal injury or death. Always read the
ing in the user documentation explains hazards that could damage the instrument. Such damage may invalidate the
ate, and local laws.
surface may be hot. Avoid personal contact to prevent burns.
the display lamp. Please note that the lamp must be properly
ents in mains circuits - including the power transformer, test leads,
ner
. Clean the exterior of the instrument only. Do not apply cleaner
Table of Contents
Section T opic Page
Introduction................................................................................................. 1-2
Source-measure ca
Front and rear panels......
Navigating menus and entering numeric data.....
Menu navigation.....
Numeric data entry (EDIT keys).......
Editing source and compliance values......
Editing keys......
Editing procedure......
Toggling the source and measure display fields .................................. 1-5
Basic connections......
Front/rear terminals se
2-wire connections ....
4-wire connections ............................................................................... 1-7
Cable guard......
Ohms guard .....
Remote command programming........................................................ 1-10
Basic SourceMeter operations......
Source-measure.....
Measure only (V or I)....
Measure ohms ................................................................................... 1-12
Remote command programming......
Settings to optimize performance....
Range................................................................................................. 1-
Speed................................................................................................. 1-18
Digits.................................................................................................. 1-
Filter................................................................................................... 1-
Rel (nulling offsets)....
Remote command programming......
Features to enhance DUT testing.......
Data store.....
Sweep operation....
Performing sweeps....
Limit testing......
Math functions.....
Pulse mode (Model 2430 only) .....
pabilities ...................................................................... 1-2
........................................................................... 1-3
....................................... 1-4
.............................................................................. 1-4
.................................................... 1-4
................................................. 1-4
.................................................................................... 1-4
........................................................................... 1-5
................................................................................. 1-6
lection............................................................... 1-6
........................................................................... 1-6
.................................................................................... 1-8
.................................................................................... 1-9
............................................................ 1-10
............................................................................ 1-10
...................................................................... 1-11
.................................................. 1-14
......................................................... 1-17
17
18
18
......................................................................... 1-19
.................................................. 1-20
..................................................... 1-20
...................................................................................... 1-20
............................................................................ 1-22
......................................................................... 1-26
.................................................................................. 1-30
............................................................................... 1-33
..................................................... 1-36
Table of Contents Series 2400 SourceMeter® Quick Start Guide
2 2400S-903-01 Rev. E / September 2011
Quick start topics
Topic Page
Introduction ....................................................................................1-1
Source-measure capabilities..........................................................1-2
Front and rear panels............................................................... ... ...1-3
Navigating menus and entering numeric data................................ 1-4
Editing source and compliance values...........................................1-4
Basic connections..........................................................................1-6
Basic SourceMeter operations.....................................................1-10
Section 1
Introduction
Settings to optimize performance............................... ..................1-17
Features to enhance DUT testing................................................1-20
Section 1: Introduction Series 2400 SourceMeter® Quick Start Guide
Introduction
This guide is designed to familiarize users with fundamental operation (front panel and remote) of
the Keithley 2400 Series SourceMeters. For comprehensive information on all aspects of
SourceMeter operation, refer to the 2400 Series SourceMeter User’s Manual.
Operation information in this guide is divided into fo
operations, (2) Settings to optimize performance, (3) Features to enhance DUT testing and (4)
More testing techniques. This format allows a new user to easily progress from basic simple
operation to more complex procedures.
Remote command programming - For
guide, the related SCPI commands for remote operation are summarized in tables. Most
commands have a query form. For example, :OUTPut ON turns the output on, while :OUTPut?
requests the present state of the output. Note that the SourceMeter must be addressed to talk after
sending a query command.
For operations where command sequence is impor tant, prog ramming examples are provided. The
ac
t programming syntax will depend on the test program language.
ex
Source-measure capabilities
Model 2400:
• Source voltage from 5µV to 210V; measure voltage from 1µV to 211V.
• Source current from 50pA to 1.05A; measure current from 10pA to 1.055A.
• Measure resistance from 100µΩ (<10
• Maximum source power is 22W.
Model 2400-LV and 2401:
• Source voltage from 5µV to 21V; measure voltage from 1µV to 21V.
• Source current from 50pA to 1.05A; measure current from 10pA to 1.055A.
• Measure resistance from 100µΩ (<10
• Maximum source power is 22W.
ur parts; (1) Fundamental source-measure
the various SourceMeter operating modes covere d in this
0µΩ
in manual ohms) to 211MΩ.
in manual ohms) to 211MΩ.
0µΩ
NOTE The Model 2401 does not use the digital output lines of the Digital I/O
port. Therefore, it cannot be used with a component handler to
perform binning operations.
Model 2410:
• Source voltage from 5µV to 1100V; measure voltage from 1µV to 1100V.
• Source current from 50pA to 1.05A; measure current from 10pA to 1.055A.
0µΩ
• Measure resistance from 100µΩ (<10
• Maximum source power is 22W.
Model 2420:
• Source voltage from 5µV to 63V; measure voltage from 1µV to 63.3V.
• Source current from 500pA to 3.15A; measure current from 100pA to 3.165A.
10µΩ in manual ohms) to 21.1MΩ.
• Measure resistance from 10µΩ (
• Maximum source power is 66W.
1-2 Return to Section Topics 2400S-903-01 Rev. E / September 2011
<
in manual ohms) to 211MΩ.
Series 2400 SourceMeter® Quick Start Guide Section 1: Introduction
2400 SourceMeter
250V
PEAK
5V
PEAK
HI
LO
OUTPUT
250V
PEAK
250V
PEAK
EDIT
TOGGLE
POWER
RANGE
INPUT/
OUTPUT
4-WIRE
SENSE
DISPLAY
ON/OFF
TERMINALS
FRONT/
REAR
AUTO
RANGE
EXIT ENTER
CONFIG MENU
SWEEP
TRIG
REL
LOCAL
FILTER
LIMIT
DIGITS SPEED
V
Ω
MEAS
I
FCTN
V
I
SOURCE
230
1
67
89
4
+/-
5
STORE
RECALL
EDIT
Model 2425:
• Source voltage from 5µV to 105V; measure voltage from 1µV to 105.5V.
• Source current from 500pA to 3.15A; measure current from 100pA to 3.165A.
<
• Measure resistance from 10µΩ (
10µΩ in manual ohms) to 21.1MΩ.
• Maximum source power is 110W.
Model 2430:
• Source DC or pulse voltage from 5µV to 105V; measure voltage from 1µV to 105.5V.
• Source DC current from 500pA to 3.15A; measure DC current from 100pA to 3.165A.
• Source pulse current from 500pA to 10.5A; measure pulse current from 100 pA to 10.55A.
<
• Measure resistance from 10µΩ (
10µΩ in manual ohms) to 21.1MΩ.
• Maximum DC source power is 110W.
• Maximum pulse source power is 1.1kW.
Model 2440:
• Source voltage from 5µV to 42V; measure voltage from 1µV to 42V.
• Source current from 500pA to 5.25A; measure current from 100pA to 5.25A.
<
• Measure resistance from 10µΩ (
1 0 µΩ in manual ohms) to 21.1 M¾.
• Maximum source power is 55W.
Front and rear panels
The front and rear panels of the Mode l 2400 So urceMeter are shown in Fig ures 1 a nd 2. The fro nt
and rear panels of the other SourceMeter models are similar. The use of the various instrument
controls and connectors will be explained throughout this guide.
Figure 1-1
Front Panel
2400S-903-01 Rev. E / September 2011 Return to Section T o pics 1-3
Section 1: Introduction Series 2400 SourceMeter® Quick Start Guide
WARNING: NO INTERNAL OPERATOR SERVICABLE PARTS, SERVICE BY QUALIFIED PERSONNEL ONLY.
CAUTION: FOR CONTINUED PROTECTION AGAINST FIRE HAZARD, REPLACE FUSE WITH SAME TYPE AND RATING.
MADE IN
U.S.A.
INPUT/
OUTPUT
250V
PEAK
250V
PEAK
TRIGGER
LINK
4-WIRE
SENSE
HI
LO
LINE RATING
100-240VAC
50, 60, Hz
190VA MAX.
RS-232
IEEE-488
(ENTER IEEE ADDRESS
WITH FRONT PANEL MENU)
250V
PEAK
5V
PEAK
5V
PEAK
5V
PK
V, Ω,
GUARD
GUARD
SENSE
LINE FUSE
SLOWBLOW
2.5A, 250V
OUTPUT
ENABLE
FUSE DRAWER
L
U
CUS
LISTED
SourceMeter
4ZA4
CAT I
!
Figure 1-2
Rear Panel
Navigating menus and entering numeric data
Menu navigation
Many operating modes for the SourceMeter are configured using front panel menus. Throughout
this guide, menu navigation will be presented as a sequence of key presses and menu item
selections. For example, the following sequence selects the auto ohms source mode:
Press CONFIG > press MEAS Ω > select SOURCE > select AUTO
The above sequence is explained as follows:
1. Press the CONFIG key.
2. Press the MEAS Ω key
.
3. Select the SOURCE menu item.
4. Select the AUTO ohms source mode.
A menu item is selected by placing the cursor
The left and right arrow keys control cursor position.
Numeric data entry (EDIT keys)
Numeric values must to be entered for some menu items. Numeric entry is also used to set source
and compliance values. The edit keys for numeric entry include the EDIT arrow keys to control
cursor position, EDIT arrow keys to increment or decrement the digit value, and the number keys.
After a value is keyed in, press ENTER to select it. No
number to its minimum value.
o
n it and pressing the ENTER key.
te that pressing MENU resets a displayed
Editing source and compliance values
Editing keys
Use the following keys to edit source and compliance values:
1-4 Return to Section Topics 2400S-903-01 Rev. E / September 2011
Series 2400 SourceMeter® Quick Start Guide Section 1: Introduction
• DISPLAY EDIT — Selects the source or compliance display field for editing. A blinking
cursor will appear in the field to be edited. If no key is pressed within a few seconds, the edit
mode will be cancelled automatically.
• EDIT arrow keys — Places the display cursor on the display digit to be changed.
• SOURCE arrow keys
that pressing either of these keys will automatically enable the source edit mode.
•RANGE arrow keys
• Numeric keys (0-9) — Allow you to directly enter source or compliance values.
• EXIT — Exits the edit mode without waiting for the time-out period.
— Increments or decrements the source or compliance value. Note
— Selects the source or compliance range.
Editing procedure
1. Press the DISPLA Y EDIT key to place the blinki ng cursor in e ither the sour ce or compliance
display field to be edited.
2. If desired, use the RANGE arrow keys to select the desired source or compliance range.
3. To simply increment or decrement the display value, use the EDIT arrow
blinking cursor on the digit to be changed, then increment or decrement the value with the
SOURCE arrow keys. Note that the source or compliance value will be updated immediately; you need not press ENTER to complete the process.
4. To enter the source or compliance value directly, simply key in the desired value with the
numeric keys while the cursor is blinking. Again, the source or compliance value will be
updated immediately.
keys to place the
T oggling the source and measure display fields
Normally, the measured reading value will appear in the upper, main display line, while the source
and compliance values will appear in the left and right fields respectively of the lower display line.
You can toggle the source and measure display fields by pressing the DISPLAY TOGGLE key to
place the source and measure values in the desired display fields.
2400S-903-01 Rev. E / September 2011 Return to Section T o pics 1-5
Section 1: Introduction Series 2400 SourceMeter® Quick Start Guide
Basic connections
WARNING The SourceMeter uses safety jacks for signal connections. To avoid
electric shock:
• Do not leave exposed connections.
• Properly insulate all external circuits.
• The front and rear terminals of the SourceMeters are rated for
connection to circuits rated Installation Category I only. Do not
connect the SourceMeter terminals to CAT II, CAT III, or CAT IV
circuits. Connection of the SourceMeter Input/Output terminals,
to circuits higher than CAT I, can cause damage t o the equipmen t
or expose the operator to hazardous voltages.
• Hazardous voltages may be present on the output and guard
terminals. To prevent elect r ical shock that could cause injury or
death, NEVER make or break connections to the SourceMeter
while the unit is on. Power off the equipment fro m the fr ont panel
or disconnect the main power cord from the rear of the
SourceMeter before handling cables connected to the outputs.
Putting the equipment into standby mode does not guarantee th e
outputs are not powered if a hardware or software fault occurs.
The three basic connection configurations for the SourceMeter include 2-wire local sensing, 4-wire
remote sensing, and cable guard.
NOTE Connections and details for in-circuit ohms measurements (ohms
guard) are covered in the “Advanced operation” section of this guide.
Front/rear terminals selection
The input/output and sense terminals are accessible from bo th the fr ont and re ar p anels, while the
guard terminals and chassis ground are only accessible from the rear panel. On the front panel,
press the FRONT/REAR key to toggle between front and rear. The REAR annunciator indicates
that the rear terminals are selected. With REAR off, the front terminals are selected.
2-wire connections
Connections for 2-wire local sensing are shown in Figure 3. The followin g menu sequ ence select s
2-wire local sensing:
Press CONFIG > select SOURCE V (or ΜΕ ΑS Ω) > select SENSE MODE > select 2-WIRE
1-6 Return to Section Topics 2400S-903-01 Rev. E / September 2011
Series 2400 SourceMeter® Quick Start Guide Section 1: Introduction
HI
LO
OUTPUT
INPUT/
OUTPUT
4-WIRE
SENSE
ON/OFF
TERMINALS
FRONT/
REAR
DUT
SourceMeter Front Panel
Sense Selection: 2-wire
FRONT/
REAR
HI
LO
OUTPUT
INPUT/
OUTPUT
4-WIRE
SENSE
ON/OFF
TERMINALS
FRONT/
REAR
DUT
SourceMeter Front Panel Sense Selection: 4-wire
FRONT/
REAR
Figure 1-3
2-wire connections
Figure 1-4
4-wire connections
4-wire connections
Connections for 4-wire local sensing are shown in Figure 4. Use 4-wire remote sensing for the
following source-measure conditions:
• Test circuit impedance is <1kΩ.
• Optimum ohms, V-source, and/or V-measure accuracy is required.
With 4-wire sensing selected, the 4W annunciator is o
wire remote sensing:
n. The following menu sequence selects 4-
2400S-903-01 Rev. E / September 2011 Return to Section T o pics 1-7
Press CONFIG > select SOURCE V (or MEAS Ω) > select SENSE MODE > select 4-WIRE
Section 1: Introduction Series 2400 SourceMeter® Quick Start Guide
INPUT/
OUTPUT
4-WIRE
SENSE
HI
LO
IEEE-488
(ENTER IEEE ADDRESS
WITH FRONT PANEL MENU)
V, Ω
GUARD
GUARD
SENSE
WARNING:NO INTERNAL OPERATOR SERVICAB
CAUTION:FOR CONTINUED PROTECTION AGAINST FIR
RS232
DUT
Connect to earth safety ground
using #18 AWG wire or larger.
Guard Shield
Test Fixture
Figure 1
Cable guard connections
NOTE Specified accuracies for both source and measure are achieved only
using 4-wire remote sensing.
Cable guard
When testing high-impedance DUT (>1GΩ), cable guard is used to drive the shields of cables and
test fixtures to minimize leakage currents and input capacitance. A typical connection scheme
using cable guard is shown in Figure 5. The following menu sequence select s cable guard:
Press CONFIG > press SOURCE V (or
The guard terminal of the SourceMeter is at virtually
SOURCE I or MEAS Ω) > select GUARD > select CABLE
the same potential as input/output HI.
Therefore, if there is hazardous voltage at input/outpu t HI, it is also present on the gu ard shield for
the test circuit.
WARNING To prevent injury from electric shock, the guard shield must be
enclosed in a safety shield (i.e., test fixture) that is connected to
safety earth ground (as shown in Figure 5).
1-8 Return to Section Topics 2400S-903-01 Rev. E / September 2011
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