Tektronix 2400 User manual

Keithley Instruments Customer Document ation

Keithley Instruments, Inc.

28775 Aurora Road
Cleveland, Ohio 44139
1-888-KEITHLEY
www.keithley.com

Series 2400 Safety Supplement

1. Introduction

Keithley Instruments Series 2400 SourceMeter® instruments combine a precise, low-noise, highly stable DC power supply
with a low-noise, highly repeatable, high -im p ed an ce multim eter.

2. Contact information

If you have any questions after reading this information, contact your local Keithley Instruments representative or call
Keithley Instruments corporate headquarters (toll-free inside the U.S. and Canada only) at 1-888-KEITHLEY
(1-888-534-8453), or from outside the U.S. at [phone]. For worldwide contact numbers, visit the Keithley
Instruments website at www.keithley.com.

3. Package content

The following items are included with every Series 2400 order:

• Series 2400 SourceMeter instrument with power line cord

• Test leads: Model 8605 for Models 2400, 2400-LV, 2401, and 2400-C; Model 1754 for all other Series 2400 models

• Accessories, as ordered

• Certificate of calibration

• CD-ROMs that contain:

• PDFs of the Quick Start Guide and User’s Manual, and any additional addenda containing updated product
information

• Support software (includes Capital Equipment Corporation (CEC) TestPoint™ Data Acquisition Software
instrument control library for GPIB and National Instruments (NI™) LabVIEW™ driver for Microsoft
operating system)

®

Windows®

4. Options and accessories

Cables and adapters

Model 2499-DIGIO adapter: Expands the digital I/O port from four bits to 16 bits.
Models 7007-1 and 7007-2 shielded GPIB cables: Connects the Series 2400 to the GPIB bus using shielded cables

and connectors, which reduce electromagnetic interferen ce (EMI); Model 7007-1 is 1 m (3.3 ft) long, and Model 7007-2
is 2 m (6.6 ft) long.

Models 8501-1 and 8501-2 trigger link cables: Connects the Series 2400 to other instruments with trigger link
connectors (for example, a Model 7001 Switch System); Model 8501-1 is 1 m (3.3 ft) long, and Model 8501-2 is 2 m
(6.6 ft) long.

Model 8502 trigger link adapter: Connects any of th e six Series 2400 trigger link lines to instrument s that use standard
BNC trigger connectors.

Model 8503 DIN to BNC trigger cable: Connects Series 2400 trigger link Lines 1 (voltmeter complete) and 2 (exter nal
trigger) to instruments that use BNC trigger connectors; 1 m (3.3 ft) long.

Model 8505 trigger link adapter cable: The Model 8505 is a male to dual-female Y adapter that connects more than
two instruments that have only one trigger link connector on the rear panel; 0.3 m (1 ft) long.

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Series 2400 Customer Documentation Safety Supplement

Rack-mount kits

Model 4288-1 single fixed rack-mount kit: Mounts a single Series 2400 in a standard 19-inch rack.
Model 4288-2 side-by-side rack-mount kit: Mounts two instruments (Models 182, 428, 486, 487, 2000, 2001, 2002,

2010, 2015, 2400, 2401, 2410, 2420, 2425, 2430, 2440, 6430, 6517, or 7001) adjacent to each other (side-by-side) in
a standard 19-inch rack.

Model 4288-3 side-by-side rack-mount kit: Mounts a Series 2400 and a Model 199 adjacent to each other
(side-by-side) in a standard 19-inch rack.

Model 4288-4 side-by-side rack-mount kit: Mounts a Ser ies 2400 and a 5.25-inch instrument (Models 195A, 196, 220,
224, 230, 263, 595, 614, 617, 705, 740, 775, and so on) adjacen t to each other (side-by-side) in a standard 19-inch rack.

Model 4288-5 dual fixed rack-mount kit: Mount s a Series 2400 and another 3-in ch high instrument (Models 182, 4 28,
486, 487, 2000, 2010, 2400, 2401, 2410, 2420, 2425, 2430, 6430, or 7001) adjacent to each other (side-by-side) in a
standard 19-inch rack.

Carrying case

Model 1050 padded carrying case: A carrying case for a Series 2400 instrument. Includes handles and a shoulder

strap.

5. Electrical rating

Table 1: Input supply

All Series 2400 models 100 V AC to 240 V AC, 50/60 Hz, 190 V A

Table 2: Source output

Voltage 5
Current 50 pA to 1.05 A 50 pA to 1.05 A

Table 3: Measuring input

Voltage 1
Current 10 pA to 1.055 A 10 pA to 1.055 A
Impedance

Input supply

Models 2400 and 2400-C Model 2400-LV, 2401

μV to 210 V 5 μV to 20 V

Models 2400 and 2400-C Model 2400-LV, 2401

μV to 211 V, 250 V peak 5 μV to 20 V

100

μΩ to 211 MΩ

100 μΩ to 211 MΩ

6. Assembly, location, and mounting requirements

Series 2400 instruments use a heat sink to dissipate heat, and the Mode ls 2410, 2420 , 2430, and 244 0 also have a cooling
fan. The left side of the case is cut out to expose the black, finned heat sink, which gets hot enough to cause burns. You
should assume that the heat sink is still hot even when the instrument is turned off (it takes a long time to cool off).

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Series 2400 Customer Documentation Safety Supplement

WARNING NEVER touch the heat sink located on the left side of the Series 2400 instrument’s

case. This heat sink could be hot enough to cause burns.

CAUTION Excessive heat will degrade the Series 2400 instrument’s performance, and could damage

the unit. The Series 2400 must be operated in an environment where the ambient
temperature does not exceed 50° C (122° F).

To prevent damaging heat build-up and ensure specified performance:

• Keep the heat sink free of dust, dirt, and contaminates, which will diminish its ability to dissipate heat.

• Do not block the bottom cooling vents. NEVER remove the plastic feet and place the Series 2400 directly on a flat
surface. NEVER operate the Series 2400 when it is sitting on a surface that conforms to the shape of the unit (such
as carpet). This could block the bottom cooling vents.

• Do not position any devices adjacent to the Series 2400 that force air (heated or unheated) into or onto its cooling
vents or surfaces. This additional airflow could diminish accuracy performance.

• When rack mounting the Series 2400, ensure there is adequate airflow around the bottom and sides for proper
cooling. Adequate airflow keeps air temperatures within approximately one inch of the Ser ies 2400 surface s within
specified limits under all operating conditions.

• Do not rack mount high power-dissipation equipment adjacent to the Series 2400, because excessive heating could
occur. The specified ambient temperature must be maintained around the surfaces of the Series 2400 to maintain
specified accuracies.

• In convection-cooled rack-mounted systems, place the hottest equipment (for example, a power supply) at the top
of the rack to ensure proper cooling. Place precision equipment, such as the Series 2400, in the lowest possible
position in the rack, where temperatures are coolest. Adding spacer panels below the Series 2400 will ensure
adequate air flow.

7. Supply connection and grounding requirements

Always use the mains supply cord provided with the instrument, or use a cord with the same (or better) ratings than the one
provided. Never use an inadequately rated cord.

Before operating an instrument, ensure that the line cord is connected to a properly grounded, appropriately rated power
receptacle. Inspect the connecting cables, test leads, and jumpers for possible wear, cracks, or breaks before ea ch use.

When installing equipment where access to the main power cord is restricted (such as rack mounting), a separate main
input power disconnect device must be provided in close proximity to the equipment and within easy reach of the operator.

8. Ventilation requirements

Proper ventilation must be maintained to prevent overheating. Th e Models 2410, 2420, 24 25, 2430, and 2440 us e a cooling
fan to keep them from overheating; the Models 2400 and 2401 do not have a cooling fan. Refer to the WARNING and
CAUTION statements in paragraph 6. Assembly, location, and mounting requirements for details about maintaining proper
ventilation of all Series 2400 instruments.

9. Environmental conditions

To maintain safety, the following environmental conditions must be maintained:

• For indoor use only

• Altitude up to 2000 m (6,562 ft)

• Temperature 0° C to 40° C (32° F to 104° F)

• Maximum relative humidity: 80 percent for temperatures up to 31° C (88° F), decreasing linearly to 50 percent relative
humidity at 40° C (104° F)

• Mains supply voltage fluctuations not to exceed ±10 percent of the nominal voltage

• Maximum mains transient overvoltage category II

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Series 2400 Customer Documentation Safety Supplement

• Pollution degree: 1 or 2

To maintain accuracy, these additional environmental conditions should be maintained:

• An ambient temperature of 18° C to 28° C (65° F to 82° F)

• A relative humidity of less than 70 percent (unless otherwise noted)

The instrument may be operated at up to 50° C (122° F) if the power output is derated by one watt per channel for each
degree Celsius above 30° C (86° F), and at up to 70 percent relative humidity.

WARNING Do not connect the Series 2400 terminals to CAT II, CAT III, or CAT IV circuits. The

front and rear terminals of the Series 2400 are rated for connection to Installation
Category I circuits only. Input/output te rminal connections to circuits hig her than CAT
I can damage the Series 2400 and expose the operator to hazardous voltages.

To prevent electric shock and damage to the Series 2400, current from external
common-mode voltage sources must be limited using a protective impedance or a
fuse. For Models 2400, 2400-C, 2400-L V, and 2401, the input measuring terminals must
be protected by a 1 A fuse.

10. Battery charging and discharging

WARNING To prevent personal inju ry or damage to the Series 2400, do not attempt to charge

non-rechargeable batteries.

You can use your Series 2400 to charge these common battery types:

• Nickel cadmium (NiCD)

• Nickel metal hydride (NiMH)

• Lithium ion (Li-ion)

• Rechargeable alkaline

• Lead acid

If you are using a battery type that is not listed here, please contact your local Keithley Instruments representative or call
Keithley Instruments corporate headquarters (toll-free inside the U.S. and Canada only) at 1-888-KEITHLEY
(1-888-534-8453), or from outside the U.S. at [phone] to obtain technical assistance.

4 PA-1018 Rev. D / March 2013

WARNING Always follow the battery manufacturer’s requirements for charging or discharging

batteries using a Series 2400. Failure to properly charge or discharge batteries may
cause them to leak or explode, resulting in personal injury and property damage.
Provide overvoltage and current protection in the charge cir cuit (external to the Series

2400) when charging batteries without built-in protection.

Do not attempt to charge or discharge batteries exceeding the current or voltage
requirements listed below:

Model 2400: 21 V at 1.05 A or 210 V at 105 mA
Model 2400-LV and 2401: 21 V at 1.05 A
Model 2410: 21 V at 1.05 A or 1100 V at 21 mA
Model 2420: 21 V at 3.15 A or 63 V at 1.05 A
Model 2425: 21 V at 3.15 A or 105 V at 1.05 A
Model 2430: 105 V at 1.05 A or 105 V at 10.5 A (pulse mode)
Model 2440: 10.5 V at 5.25 A or 42 V at 1.05 A

11. Front panel operation

Series 2400 Customer Documentation Safety Supplement

The following information is a brief summary of the Series 2400 front-panel operating controls. For more detailed
information, refer to the Series 2400 User’s Manual.

Figure 1: Series 2400 SourceMeter instrument front panel

Measurement (MEAS) function keys:

V Measure volts
I Measure amps
Ω Measure ohms
FCTN Perform math functions

SOURCE function keys:

V Source voltage (V-Source)
I Source current (I-Source)

and Increase/decrease source or compliance value

Operation keys:

EDIT Select source or compliance reading for editing
TOGGLE Toggle display positions of source and measure readings, or display V and I measurements
LOCAL Cancel remote operation
REL Enable/disable relative reading on present function
FILTER Display digital filter status for present function and toggle filter on/off
LIMIT Perform configured limit tests
TRIG Trigger a measurement from the front panel

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Series 2400 Customer Documentation Safety Supplement

SWEEP Start configured sweep

and Move through parameter values or selections within functions and operations

DIGITS Change number of digits of display resolution
SPEED Change measurement speed by selecting accuracy or specifying NPLC
STORE Set buffer size and enable reading storage
RECALL Display stored readings and timestamp
CONFIG Press CONFIG and then press the appropriate key to configure the function or operation
MENU Access and configure Main Menu selections; when entering numeric data, use to clear reading to minimum

EXIT Cancels selection; use to back out of menu structures
ENTER Accepts selection

absolute value

RANGE keys:

 Moves to next higher range, increments digit, moves to next selection
 Moves to next lower range, decrements digit, moves to previous selection

AUTO Enables or disables measurement auto range

Annunciators (display indicators):

EDIT Instrument is in edit mode
ERR Questionable reading, invalid calibration step
REM Instrument is in GPIB remote mode
TALK Instrument is addressed to talk over GPIB
LSTN Instrument is addressed to listen over GPIB
SRQ Service request over GPIB
REAR Rear input/output connectors selected
REL Relative measure reading displayed
FILT Digital filter enabled
MATH Math function enabled
4W Remote sensing enabled
AUTO Autoranging enabled
ARM Source-measure operations are being performed
TRIG External trigger source selected
* Reading is being stored

Input/output connectors:

INPUT/OUTPUT

HI and LO Use to source-measure volts, amps, and ohms

4-WIRE SENSE

HI and LO Use for 4-wire remote sensing

Input/output controls:

ON/OFF Turns the source on or off
FRONT/REAR Selects front- or rear-panel input/output connections

Handle:

Pull out and rotate to desired position

11. Rear panel overview

The rear panel of the Model 2400 SourceMeter instrument is shown in Figure 2 (the Models 2410, 2420, 2425, 2430, and
2440 are similar). Review the following abbreviated information before operating the instrument.

NOTE Models 2420, 2425, 2430, and 2440 are no t UL liste d .

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Figure 2: Series 2400 SourceMeter instrument rear panel

Input/output connectors:

INPUT/OUTPUT

HI and LO Use to source-measure volts, amps, and ohms

4-WIRE SENSE

HI and LO Use for 4-wire remote sensing
V, Ω GUARD Driven guard for guarded measurements
GUARD SENSE Use to correct for IR drops in guard output lead

Series 2400 Customer Documentation Safety Supplement

Earth (chassis) ground screw

WARNING INPUT/OUTPUT LO is not internally connected to the chassis and cannot be allowed

to float above chassis ground more than the values shown in Figure 3.

Output enable and digital input/output port:

OUTPUT ENABLE Connector for digital output lines, output enable, and component handler signals. Digital Output lines and

Power module:

AC power line receptacle

FUSE DRAWER Contains the power line fuse

Trigger link connector:

TRIGGER LINK 8-pin micro-DIN connector for sending and receiving trigger pulses; use a trigger link cable or adapter (for

RS-232 connector:

RS-232 Connector for RS-232 remote operation; use a straight-through (not null modem) DB-9 cable

GPIB connector:

IEEE-488 Connector for GPIB remote operation; use a shielded cable (Model INTERFACE 7007-1 or 7007-2)

component handler not available on the Model 2401.

example, Models 8501-1, 8501-2, 8502, or 8504)

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Series 2400 Customer Documentation Safety Supplement

INPUT/

OUTPUT

250V

PEAK

250V
PEAK

4-WIRE
SENSE

HI

LO

250V
PEAK

5V

PEAK

5V

PEAK

5V
PK

V, W

GUARD

GUARD
SENSE

WARNING: NO INTERNAL OPERATO

CAT I

Model 2400, 2400-C

!

INPUT/

OUTPUT

250V
PEAK

50V

PEAK

4-WIRE
SENSE

HI

LO

50V

PEAK

5V

PEAK

5V

PEAK

5V
PK

V, W

GUARD

GUARD
SENSE

WARNING: NO INTERNAL OPERAT

Model 2401

!

INPUT/

OUTPUT

250V

PEAK

125V

PEAK

4-WIRE
SENSE

HI

LO

125V

PEAK

5V

PEAK

5V

PEAK

5V
PK

V, W

GUARD

GUARD
SENSE

WARNING: NO INTERNAL OPERAT

Model 2425, 2425-C, 2430, 2430-C

INPUT/

OUTPUT

250V
PEAK

75V

PEAK

4-WIRE

SENSE

HI

LO

75V

PEAK

5V

PEAK

5V

PEAK

5V
PK

V, W

GUARD

GUARD
SENSE

WARNING: NO INTERNAL OPERAT

Model 2420, 2420-C

INPUT/

OUTPUT

40V

PEAK

52V

PEAK

4-WIRE
SENSE

HI

LO

42V

PEAK

5V

PEAK

5V

PEAK

5V
PK

V, W

GUARD

GUARD

SENSE

WARNING: NO INTERNAL OPERAT

Model 2440, 2440-C

INPUT/

OUTPUT

250V

PEAK

1100V
PEAK

4-WIRE
SENSE

HI

LO

1100V
PEAK

5V

PEAK

5V

PEAK

5V
PK

V, W

GUARD

GUARD
SENSE

WARNING: NO INTERNAL OPERATO

CAT I

Model 2410, 2410-C

!

Figure 3: Terminal voltage differentials

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