Read this manual before working with the product. For personal and system safety, and for optimum
product performance, make sure you thoroughly understand the contents before installing, using, or
maintaining this product.
No part of this publication may be copied or distributed, transmitted, transcribed, stored in a
retrieval system, or translated into any human or computer language, in any form or by any means,
electronic, mechanical, manual, or otherwise, or disclosed to third parties without the express
written permission. The information contained in this manual is subject to change without notice.
Tek-Flux 1400B Electromagnetic Flowmeters are used to measure the flow rate of a variety of
conductive liquids. It functions according to the fundamental principle of Faraday’s law of
Electromagnetic Induction, which describes the relationship between an electrical conductor and
the voltage it generates when moving within a magnetic field.
1.2 Principle of operation
In an Electromagnetic Flowmeter, a magnetic field is generated by a pair of diametrically placed
electrical coils mounted external to the flow tube. As the conductive liquid passes through this
Electromagnetic field, an electrical voltage is induced in the liquid, which is directly proportional
to its velocity. This induced voltage is perpendicular to the directions of both - the liquid flow and
the Electromagnetic field.
A pair of diametrically placed electrodes mounted along the inner wall of the flow tube and in the
direction of the induced voltage, sense this induced voltage. The sensed voltage is further
processed by the Transmitter to indicate the flow rate and generate a standard output signal
proportional to the measured flow rate.
1.3 Flow Computation Basics
The flux density of the Electromagnetic field and the distance between the Electrodes are constant
for a given Flowmeter. The induced voltage is therefore only a function of the liquid velocity.
E = K.B.V.D
Where E = Induced voltage
B = Magnetic field strength
K = Flow tube (meter) constant
v = Mean flow velocity
D = Distance between the electrodes
And the volumetric flow is calculated as –
qv = (π x D2/4) x v
Therefore,
qv = (π x E x D) / 4 K B
The induced voltage is not affected by the physical properties of the liquid like temperature,
viscosity, pressure, density and conductivity, as long as the conductivity of the measured
liquid is above a minimum threshold.
Tek-Flux 1400B can be successfully deployed in a wide range of industrial liquid flow
measurement applications. The major industry sectors include, but not limited to:
The Flowmeter can be installed at any arbitrary location in the pipeline as long as the
installation requirements are satisfied. At the same time, care should be exercised when
selecting the installation site to assure that moisture cannot enter into the connection area.
• A ball valve assembly with Weld Neck Flange will be supplied in advance.
• A hole of 1.96" diameter is to be made on the pipe line. The Weld Neck Flange is to be
welded into the Pipe Line for Flowmeter installation.
• Put a gasket between Weld neck Flange and Ball Valve Assembly.
• Mount Ball Valve Assembly on the Weld Neck Flange by aligning Weld Neck Flange and
Ball Valve Assembly Bottom Flange. Ensure Ball Valve Lever Alignment is with respected
to the Flow direction as shown in the figure.
• The Ball Valve Assembly Mounting Bolts are provided (M 10 X 3.93") The mounting bolts
are to be tightened. Follow diametrically opposite tightening Sequence.
• Loosen the Collet Clamping Screws provided on the periphery of collect at the Top of
Ball Valve Assembly.
• According to the theory of velocity profiles for fully developed turbulent flow in the pipe
line, the average velocity point is located at a distance of 1/8 D from the pipe wall where
D is the internal pipe diameter.
• We insert up to 10% of Pipe Diameter.
• Before Sensor is inserted, the insertion length is marked on the Sensor.
a) Measure the length of Assembly from Pipe Surface to Collet Top. (Say X)
b) Say Insertion Length is Y.
c) Say Pipe Thickness is Z.
d) Now mark the length of X + Y + Z starting from Electrodes and up.
• Now open Ball Valve lever fully. Slowly insert the Flow meter's Sensor, passing through
the hole.
• Up to the length marked on the Sensor. The Flow Transmitter direction should be as per
the drawing.
• Once, the Insertion Length is achieved, tighten the Collet Clamping Screws.
• For the Flowmeter installation in a pit, for proper installation, commissioning and
maintenance of the Flowmeter, the pit dimensions have to be at least 2 mtr X 2 mtr.
• Kindly ensure that the pit is covered with the protective cover. The pit should be
waterproof so that in rainy season it should not get flooded or submerged in water.
At flowmeter upstream, there should be straight pipe no less than SD and no less than 2D at
flowmeter downstream. (Dis the inner diameter of the flowmeter}
a. A proper grounding of the Primary Head is very important to ensure proper functioning
and accurate measurement by the Flowmeter.
b. This ground is the reference ground for measurement and should not introduce any
interference into the signal to be measured.
c. Use 0.098 inch² or higher conductor diameter cable for Earthing.
d. To prevent any electrical interferences do not connect the ground of any other heavy
electrical equipment, to this ground.
e. This ground also functions as the safety ground.
5.4 Checking for sealing
Once the Flow Sensor has been mounted, fill the pipeline gradually (preferably) with water
instead of process liquid and confirm that the entire mounting is leak-free.
If even minor leaks are noticed, check the axial alignment of the Flow Sensor with the
upstream and downstream pipe lengths, cleanliness of gasket, the rating of gasket material
and proper tightening of the bolts. After eliminating the leakages, allow the process liquid to
pass through the pipeline.
• In case of an Integral Type Flowmeter, the Transmitter comes pre-mounted atop the Flow
Sensor and therefore gets physically installed along with the Flow Sensor/sensor. Install
the Flow Sensor as described in the section 5 ‘Sensor Installation’.
• The images below show the Integral Type Transmitter mounted on the Flow Sensor.
6.2 Protecting the Transmitter
Provide a weather-shade/ canopy to protect the Transmitter from direct exposure to
sunlight, rain or any other dropping fluids. This will help enhance the useful life of the
Transmitter.
• Current Output: 2 core, 0.039 inch², PVC/PTFE sheathed cable
• Coil and Electrodes (in case of Remote Type Flowmeter): as supplied with Flow Sensor
b. Use ferrules for each wire and crimp the ends of the conductors with appropriate cable lugs.
c. Disassemble the cable gland nut and pull out the rubber sleeves.
d. Run the required cable through the nut and rubber sleeve which fits snugly over the cable.
e. Then pass it through the cable gland and terminate it onto the appropriate terminals.
f.Press-in the rubber sleeve into the gland cone and then tighten the cable gland nut.
g. Ensure that the cable is tightly clamped.
h. Run the following sets of cables through physically separated cable trays and trenches.
i.Before making the various Input-Output connections, understand the manner in which
a. Inspect and confirm that the O-ring of the rear cover is appropriately seated and is not
damaged. Then align its threads properly against those of the Transmitter. Engage the
threads, rotate and fix the cover by screwing it completely till the O-ring is effectively
compressed. This will prevent any ingress of moisture or water into the Transmitter
enclosure.
b. Inspect and confirm that the Gasket of the Junction Box cover is appropriately seated and
is not damaged. Then align its sealing surface with that of the Junction Box base. Engage
the screw threads, rotate and fix the cover by screwing it completely till the Gasket is
effectively compressed. This will prevent any ingress of moisture or water into the Junction
Box.
Confirm that installation has been done and completed as described in this manual. Then, the
Flowmeter is ready for operational use.
Switch-on the mains power to the Transmitter. The Transmitter is delivered duly calibrated and
configured for the range of flow rate measurement, as ordered by you.
Allow the process liquid to start flowing through the Flow Sensor. Ensure that flow rate is within
the specified limits for the Flowmeter. Excess flow rate could damage the Flow Sensor lining.
The Flowmeter will start indicating the flow rate and driving the current output proportional to
the flow rate.
The user interface comprises of backlit LCD readout in a configuration 2 rows of 16 characters
each, and a set of three tactile keys. The Flowmeter has different modes, and the LCD displays
information relevant to each of the four modes – Run, Program, Info and Clear respectively.
The tactile keys in conjunction with the LCD, enable switching between different modes,
reading static information and runtime values, setting and programming new values and
selecting between certain functional options. This process of navigation takes you through
different Screens - each Screen being a collection of information relevant to that particular
Screen. The Screens are part of an internal Menu structure.
CAUTION
To help you navigate through the above Menu, it is useful to understand the nature of
the actions of the three tactile switches.
UP key
• Move to the next option within a Menu level
• Increment the value of the digit by one
• Move to the next value of a parameter
DOWN/ RIGHT key
• Move to the previous option within a Menu level
• Decrement the value of the digit by one
• Move to the previous value of a parameter
DOWN/ RIGHT key
• Move to the right digit
• Move from the rightmost digit to the leftmost
ENTER key
• Select the option presently being displayed
• Select the parameter presently being displayed for viewing and/or editing
Please read this section before trying to operate the tactile switches to navigate through the
Menu. The 1400B Menu has the following structure. At power ON, the Transmitter LCD
momentarily indicates.
• The Flowmeter Model, then
• The Software Version number, then
• The RUN mode indicating the Flow rate, Totalized flow and Flow velocity depending on
which parameters have been configured to be displayed.
Hit the ENTER key first to access the 4 main functions using the UP and DOWN keys: Run/
Program/ Info and Clear
In case more than 2 parameters are programmed to be displayed, these will be displayed
across multiple Screens. Each Screen will remain visible for the duration of the programmed
Scroll Time. After that, the next Screen will be displayed.
In case more than 2 parameters are programmed to be displayed, these will be displayed
across multiple Screens. Each Screen will remain visible for the duration of the programmed
Scroll Time. After that, the next Screen will be displayed.
a. The Junction Box of the Flow Sensor in case of a Remote Transmitter is designed for field
applications and use. However, it is advisable to protect it from exposure to direct sunlight
and rain, by installing a weather shade over it. Likewise, the Transmitter is designed for
field applications and use. However, it is advisable to protect it from exposure to direct
sunlight and rain, by installing a weather shade over it. This will help extend the useful life
of the Flowmeter as a whole.
b. Keep the covers of the Transmitter and that of the Junction Box well fastened, taking care
that the O-rings and Gaskets are undamaged and properly seated for effective sealing.
c. Keep the cable gland nuts tight and ensure that the cables are gripped uniformly around
their circumference to prevent any ingress of moisture or water into the Transmitter and
Terminal Box.
d. Ensure that the Mains power supply is stable, without any surges & spikes and well within
the specified range.
e. Measure and ensure that there are no sources of strong magnetic field in the immediate
vicinity of the Flow Sensor. Such magnetic fields can interfere and alter the output signal
of the Flowmeter.
f. Follow these steps to check that the zero flow condition is proper.
• Stop the flow through the Flow Sensor by shutting off the valve which is immediately
downstream of the Flow Sensor.
• This way the Flow Sensor will remain filled with liquid.
• Keep the Transmitter powered ON.
• Measure the output signal using a calibrated 3½ digital multi meter.
• The output must be within 4±0.01 mA.
g. If the output is not within above values, the possible causes can be-
• Improper grounding.
• Shifted zero. In this case follow the Calibration mode.
• Contaminated electrodes.
h. Note that the pulsed-DC technique of exciting the field coils ensures a stable zero or auto
zeroing, provided all other requirements are satisfied.
i. The flowing liquid must be free of any gas bubbles as the presence of bubbles causes
a. Ensure that the mains power
supply is within ±15% of the
value specified on the
Nameplate.
b. Replace the fuse if found to
be blown.
2
The output current is
not 4 mA DC under
zero flow condition.
a. The flow is not essentially
zero. There exists a small
amount of trickle flow.
b. Grounding is not proper.
a. Force the flow to zero by
completely shutting off the
downside valve and check.
b. Correct the grounding.
3
Output current is not
steady.
a. Flow itself is not steady but
pulsating or irregular.
b. Gas or air bubbles are
present in the flowing liquid.
c. The flowing liquid has a
varying conductivity.
a. Allow the flow to stabilize and
then check.
b. Identify and eliminate the
cause of the air or gas bubbles,
or wait until liquid is free of
bubbles.
c. Allow to flowing liquid to
attain a stable conductivity.
d. Correct the grounding.
4
Output current not
proportional to flow.
Qmax values may not be set
properly.
Set the Qmax to values correctly
corresponding to 20 mA.
5
Display alternates
between High Flow
and Empty pipe.
Grounding is not proper.
Correct the grounding.
6
Modbus
communication issues
a. Wiring is not correct.
b. Communication settings
are incorrectly set.
a. Correct wiring as per diagram.
b. Set correct communication
parameters
7
Pulse is not available.
a. Pulse settings are not
correct.
b. Pulse type is not known.
a. Correct Pulse settings in
respective DO section.
b. Check your ordering for
Active or Open Collector Output.
TEKMATION LLC reserves the right to change the designs and/or materials of its products without notice. The contents of this publication are the property
www.tek-trol.com
Tek-Trol is a fully owned subsidiary of TEKMATION LLC. We oer our customers a comprehensive range of products and solutions
for process, power and oil & gas industries. Tek-Trol provides process measurement and control products for Flow, Level,
Temperature & Pressure Measurement, Control Valves & Analyzer systems. We are present in 15 locations globally and are known
for our knowledge, innovative solutions, reliable products and global presence.