Teknor AT3L User Manual (partial)

TEK-AT3L

80386DX SINGLE-BOARD COMPUTER

HARDWARE REFERENCE MANUAL

VERSION 2.0, March 1993

TEKNOR MICROSYSTEMS INC.

31 de la Seigneurie E.

Suite 107

Blainville, PQ

J7C 4G6 CANADA

NOTE

This manual is for reference purposes only.
Reproduction in whole or in part is authorized provided
TEKNOR MICROSYSTEMS INC. is cited as the
original source.

ref: M730_2-0

FOREWORD

The information in this document is provided for
reference purposes only. Teknor does not assume any
liability for application or use of the information or
products described herein.

This document may contain or reference information and
products protected by the copyrights or patents of others
and does not convey any license under the patent right of
Teknor, nor the rights of others.

This manual does not discuss standard features of the
IBM family of Personal Computers. Instead, it focuses
on the superset of features that TEKNOR has
implemented into its single board computers.

For information on IBM standard features, please refer
to the following books available at your local book
stores:

- IBM AT Technical Reference Manual

- DOS Technical Reference

- Peter Norton's Programming The IBM PC

This is by no means an exhaustive list. Many titles exist
on these subjects and just as many titles deal with
specialized applications such as extended memory
transfers, disk drives, ems, and so on.

If you require information not covered in this manual or
in our Application Notes releases, contact our Technical
Support/Services Department at [phone].

Printed in Canada. Copyright 1992 by Teknor Microsystems Inc,
Blainville, Qc, J7C 4G6

TABLE OF CONTENTS

SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION 1

Introduction 1
Unpacking 3
Basic Modes of Operation 3

Passive Backplane 3
Stand-Alone Operation 4
User Interface 4
Diskless Operation 5

SECTION 2: CONFIGURATION 7

Jumpers 7
BIOS Setup 12

SETUP Utility 12
User's Setup Configuration Information 13

SECTION 3: MEMORY & I/O MAP 15

Memory Mapping 15
Expanded And Extended Memory 15

Expanded Memory 16
Extended Memory 16
TEK-AT3L Memory Mode 16
Shadow RAM 17
Configuring The TEK-AT3L 17

I/O Map 19

SECTION 4: ONBOARD UTILITIES 21

DMA Controllers (8237) 21
Interrupt Controllers (8259) 21
Timer (8254) 22
Keyboard Controller 22
Keyboard, Speaker, Reset, Keylock Interface 23
Math Coprocessor 25
Supervisor Utilities

Special Note on Register 201 (hex) 26
Watchdog Timer 27
Power Failure Detector 28

Real-Time Clock 31
Parallel Port (LPT1) 32

Changing Direction on LPT1 33

Serial Communications Ports 33

COM1 (J6) Hardware Configuration 33
COM2 (J4) Hardware Configuration 34
COM2 (J4) as RS232 34
COM2 (J4) as RS485 35
Full Duplex Operation 35
Party Line Operation 35

Power Management 36

Using Sleep Mode 37

Floppy Disk Controller 37

Mechanical Floppy Disk Installation 38

Hard Disk Controller 39

Hard Disk Installation 39

Solid State Disks 41

Flash EPROM Disk 42

Writing To Flash Disks 43
SRAM Disk 44
Battery Backup Circuit 45

Bus CLK Speed 47
Power Connector (J5) 48

SECTION 5: OPERATION

49

Configuration Jumpers (SW1) 49
Logical Disk Configuration 49
VT100 Operation (SW(5-6)) 52

Requirements 52
Hardware Setup And Configuration 52
Running Without A Terminal 53

Disk Drives And Semi Conductor Disks 56
Baud Rate Restrictions 56
Graphics/Stand-Alone (SW1(5-6)) 56

SECTION 6: TEK-AT3L BIOS

57

Overview And Features 57
Error Handling 57

SECTION 7: SPECIFICATIONS 59

TEK-AT3L DC Characteristics 59

Supply Voltage 59
Supply Current 59

TEK-AT3L Environmental Specifications 59
Mechanical Specifications 60
Assembly 61
Block Diagram 62
Connector Overview 63

J5 Power Connector 63
J3 Keyboard Connector 63
J7 Printer Connector 64
J6 COM1 Connector 65
J4 COM2 Connector RS232 65
J4 COM2 Connector RS485 66
GF8-GF9 Piggyback Connector 67
J8 Piggyback Connector 69
J9 Piggyback Connector 70
J2 Floppy Disk Connector Pin Out 71
J1 Hard Disk Connector Pin Out 72

SECTION 8: LIMITED WARRANTY 73

Returning Defective Merchandise 73

SECTION 9: GETTING HELP

75

Need More Help? 75

APPENDICES

Appendix A

Recommended Devices And Connectors i

LIST OF TABLES

2-1 Configuration Jumpers 10
3-1 TEK-AT3L Memory Mapping 18
3-2 Onboard Decoded I/O 19
4-1 8237 Controller Table 21
4-2 8259 Controller Table 22
4-3 Keyboard Controller 23
4-4 J3 Keyboard Controller 24
4-5 Register 201 (hex) 26
4-6 Watchdog Timer Register 28
4-7 Power Monitoring 29
4-8 LPT1 (J7) 32
4-9 COM1 (J6) 34
4-10 COM2 (J4) RS232 34
4-11 COM2 (J4) RS485 36
4-12 Floppy Disk Connector Pin Out (J2) 38
4-13 Hard Disk Connector Pin Out (J1) 41
4-14 Static RAM Disk 45
4-15 Battery Backup Circuit 46
4-16 Bus Clock Setting 47
5-1 SW1 Jumper Settings 49
5-2 Physical Devices Table 51

LIST OF DIAGRAMS

2-1 Jumper Locations 11
4-1 Floppy Disk Cable 39
5-1 VT100 Full Cable Setup 54

5-2 VT100 Partial Cable Setup 55
7-1 Mechanical Specifications 60
7-2 Assembly 61
7-3 Block Diagram 62

INTRODUCTION 1

INTRODUCTION SECTION 1

The TEK-AT3L is a high-performance PC/AT type
computer on a 13.3"x4.7" format. It integrates all the
basic functions available on an IBM AT such as a hard
disk interface and floppy disk controller.

Best of all, the TEK-AT3L is designed to operate in
environments where a sturdy and compact system is
essential. So elements like a watchdog timer, solid state
disks, and a power failure detector were added to make
the TEK-AT3L perform even in the most extreme
industrial applications.

Built using CMOS technology, the TEK-AT3L consumes
very little power - typically less than 7.5 watts. And the
TEK-AT3L is versatile, too. It can be installed in a PC
passive backplane or, because of its small size, it can be
used as a stand-alone controller by utilizing the four
standard mounting holes and the built-in power
connector.

To top it off, an AT extension header accommodates
TEKNOR's TEK-PG VGA LCD/EL series of display
controllers or other optional expansion cards.

2 TEK-AT3L REFERENCE MANUAL

S232 or RS485

floppies

Here are more exciting features found on the TEK-AT3L
single board computer:

• PC/AT bus or stand
alone operation

• 80386DX @ 33Mhz

• 16K of Cache

memory

• DRAM

configurable as
follows: 1, 2, 4, 5, 8
16, 17, 20, or
32Mbytes

• Up to 2Mbytes of

user EPROM/Flash
EPROM

• Up to 2Mbytes of

user RAM with
battery backup

• Supports Shadow

RAM BIOS for fast
execution

• Boot from Flash

EPROM disk

• 380387DX math

• Real time clock with

• AT keyboard and

• One parallel printer

• Two serial

• Watchdog Timer

• Power Failure

• Onboard floppy

• Onboard IDE hard

• CMOS technology

• Two year Quality

INSTALLATION 3

UNPACKING

If the TEK-AT3L appears to be damaged, please notify
Teknor immediately. Save the box and packing material
in case you need to ship the card back in the future.

The TEK-AT3L package is comprised of the card itself,
a keyboard cable, a 3.5" floppy disk containing the
utilities, this hardware reference manual, and a software
utility manual. The TEK-AT3L is preconfigured at the
factory to operate as a standard IBM AT processor card.

BASIC MODES OF OPERATION

The TEK-AT3L single board computer is an
exceptionally versatile board that will function either on
a passive backplane or as a stand-alone controller. In
fact, it is a real performer in true industrial applications
functioning without disks, keyboard and monitor.

Following is a brief description of the operating modes
available on the TEK-AT3L.

4 TEK-AT3L REFERENCE MANUAL

Passive Backplane

The TEK-AT3L can be used in a PC/AT Passive
Backplane in conjunction with any PC/AT and XT
compatible cards. Power is drawn directly from the PC
Bus. Video cards may be used but are not a prerequisite
for operation.

FF

User Interface

The TEK-AT3L operates with any PC Bus compatible
display card. Or, if stand-alone mode is desired, a
TEK-PG piggyback VGA card may be used.

A VT100 terminal (or a PC emulating VT100) may be
used as an inexpensive alternative to a display and
keyboard. Refer to Section 5, Using VT1OO Mode for
more details on this procedure.

Stand-Alone Operation

An alternate power connector is available for supplying
the necessary voltages to the TEK-AT3L board. This is
useful in situations where a Passive Backplane system is
not appropriate.

To avoid damage, make certain the power is
off before inserting or retrieving a card from
the passive backplane.

INSTALLATION 5

In fact, by utilizing a TEK-PG graphics card, you can
assemble a complete computer in a 7x13.4x1.5" area ­without ever using a passive backplane system at all.

And when your application calls for it, the
TEK-AT3L is fully operational without any user
interfaces at all - running without disks, keyboard, and
video.

Diskless Operation

The TEK-AT3L can operate without mechanical drives
in any basic mode of operation. A Flash disk can be
configured as a bootable disk and temporary data may be
securely stored on SRAM disks.

In essence, the TEK-AT3L is an ideal industrial
controller withstanding shock, vibration, and
temperature variations - all major concerns in industrial
environments.

6 TEK-AT3L REFERENCE MANUAL

7 TEK-AT3L REFERENCE MANUAL

CONFIGURATION SECTION 2

JUMPERS

The TEK-AT3L is designed to allow for minimal
hardware configuration. The following is a list of the
basic configuration jumpers available on the TEK­AT3L.

Jumper State1Function

Power Monitoring

W1 Open* Disable

Closed Enable

Watchdog Timer

W2 Open* Disable

Closed Enable

RAM Battery Backup

W3 Open* NC

Closed Vbatt

COM2 DSR/DTR Loopback

W4 Open* Normal (no loopback)

Closed Loopback Operation

Graphics

W10 Open* Mono, EGA, VGA

1* as shipped

8 TEK-AT3L REFERENCE MANUAL

Closed Color CGA Only

Flash EPROM

W11 Open No Flash

Closed* Flash Installed

2

IDE, FD, P/S Controller

(87310)

W12 Open* 87310 Enabled

Closed 87310 Disabled

3

Math Coprocessor

W13(2-3) Installed
W13(1-2) Not Installed

Hard Disk Interface

W14 Open* IDE Enabled
W14 Closed IDE Disabled

RAM Disk Memory Type

W15(1-2) 32Kx8, 128Kx8 SRAM
W15(2-3) 256Kx8, 512Kx8 SRAM

COM2 RTS/CTS Loopback

W16(1-2) Open* Normal (no loopback)

Closed Loopback Operation

2Where FD

parallel/serial ports.

3If W12

this value is 0, then 87310 is
87310 is

refers to floppy disk and

is

Enabled

, it is controlled by I/O port [201:6]: if

Closed

.

Disabled

P/S

; if value is 1, then

refers to

CONFIGURATION 9

COM2 RS232/422/485 Operation

RS232
W5(2-3) Closed
W6(1-2) Open
W7(1-2) Closed
W8(1-2) Closed
W16(2-3) Closed

RS422/485
W5(1-2) Closed
W6(1-2) Closed
W7(2-3) Closed
W8(1-2) Open
W16(3-4) Closed

Boot From Flash EPROM

SW1(1-2) Open* Boot From Flash

Closed Boot From HD, FD

COM1/COM2 Select for VT100 or Remote
Download

SW1(3-4) Open Use COM1*

Closed Use COM2

10 TEK-AT3L REFERENCE MANUAL

Console is VT100

SW1(5-6) Open* Standard Display Mode Closed VT100 Mode

Remote Download

SW1(7-8) Open* Normal

Closed Remote Download

Note: Jumper W9 is not used, leave open.

Please refer to Table 2-1 and Diagram 2-1 for exact
jumper locations.

TABLE 2-1 CONFIGURATION JUMPERS

JUMPER FUNCTION JUMPER FUNCTION

W1 Power Monitoring W2 Watchdog Timer

W3 SRAM Battery

W9 Not Used W10 Color/Monochrome

W11 Flash EPROM W12 IDE, FD, P/S

W13 Math Coprocessor W14 Hard Disk

W15 SRAM Memory Type W16 COM2 RTS/CTS

SW1(1-2) Boot from Flash SW1(3-4) COM1/COM2 Select

SW1(5-6) Console is VT100 SW1(7-8) Remote Download

Backup

W4 COM2 DSR/DTR

Loopback

Selection

Controller

Interface

Loopback

CONFIGURATION 11

DIAGRAM 2-1 JUMPER LOCATIONS

12 TEK-AT3L REFERENCE MANUAL

BIOS SETUP

The TEK-AT3L is fully software configurable. The
setup program allows for minimal hardware
configuration.

SETUP UTILITY

The SETUP program is located within the BIOS and can
be activated at boot time by following the instructions
that appear on screen. In VT100 Mode, press
<CTRL-R> at the configuration prompt during the power
up sequence. Once the SETUP screen is displayed you
can modify the date, time, or other setup information
contained in the clock CMOS RAM. The system will
reboot upon exiting from SETUP.

To modify an entry, simply follow the instructions that
appear at the bootom of the SETUP screen. Use the
arrow keys to select the item you want to change. When
the item is selected, press <+> or <-> keys to change an
entry.

Press <F10> to save the current configuration (press "Q"
in VT100 Mode) and to exit. The configuration, with the
exception of the time and date, is not saved until <F10>
is pressed. Press <ESC> to exit without saving the
setup.

CONFIGURATION 13

USER'S SETUP CONFIGURATION
INFORMATION

The SETUP program can set the following:

Time of day and Date
Floppy disk configuration
Fixed disk configuration
System memory size
Extended memory size
EMS memory size
Video type
Execute BIOS from RAM or ROM Shadow
Wait state selection
Initial CPU speed

14 TEK-AT3L REFERENCE MANUAL

MEMORY SECTION 3
MEMORY MAPPING

The TEK-AT3L supports from 1 to 32 Megabytes of
DRAM with parity check for system memory. You also
have room for up to 4 Mbytes of solid state disks
(SSDs): U50-57 allows you to install up to 2 megabytes
of EPROMs or FLASH EPROMs, while sockets U19,
U33, U38, and U47 are reserved for up to 2 megabytes
of battery-backed SRAM disk.

EXPANDED AND EXTENDED MEMORY

Memory on the TEK-AT3L consists of two areas:
memory below 1 Mbyte (0-640K) referred to as the
standard or base memory, and memory located above 1
Mbyte which is either Expanded or Extended memory
(memory located between 640K and 1 Mbyte is reserved
for Shadowing. This is described later in this section).

Expanded and Extended memory refer to the mapping
scheme that is used to access memory above 1 Mbyte in
real mode. Since DOS requires real mode to operate,
different techniques are available. The TEK-AT3L
offers the following options:

16 TEK-AT3L REFERENCE MANUAL

Expanded Memory

In Expanded memory mode, hardware is used to remap a
defined area of memory. This mode is driven by
standard software commonly referred to as the LIM
Standard or EMS. A hardware-specific device driver
(supplied with your single board computer) is loaded in
the CONFIG.SYS file to setup the software in order for
it to access memory above 1 Mbyte.

Extended Memory

In Extended memory mode, the CPU's own protected
mode is used to access the memory above 1 Mbyte. This
mode requires that the software jump into protected
mode, perform the transfer and return back to real mode.
This is available through the BIOS using INT 15h
function 87h.

TEK-AT3L Memory Mode

On the TEK-AT3L, memory above 1 Mbyte can be
defined either as EMS or Extended. If EMS is used, the
EMS hardware must be enabled4 and the EMS driver
loaded5.

Shadow RAM

4

boot up.

5

equivalents) in the CONFIG.SYS file: DEVICE=EMM386.EXE

EMS is enabled by entering SETUP at

Type the following command (or its

MEMORY 17

As previously mentioned, memory between 640K and 1
Mbyte is used for Shadow RAM or Shadowing. This is
simply the process of copying EPROM based code, such
as the BIOS and BIOS extensions, into DRAM (which is
located in the same physical memory map). Shadowing
allows your code to run faster.

F

Configuring The TEK-AT3L

Configuring your TEK-AT3L is purely a matter of the
application at hand. As an example, a 2 Mbyte system
can be defined as 640K base + 384K shadow + 1 Mbyte
extended memory, or, 640K base + 384K shadow +
512K extended + 512K EMS and so on. The user is free
to adapt the configuration to his particular needs.

If Shadow RAM is enabled, the RAM memory
used for shadowing is no longer available as
EMS or Extended memory.

18 TEK-AT3L REFERENCE MANUAL

TABLE 3-1 TEK-AT3L MEMORY MAPPING

EFFFFF
EC0000

EBFFFF
E80000

E7FFFF
E40000

E3FFFF
E00000

DFFFFF
DC0000

DBFFFF
D80000

D7FFFF
D40000

D3FFFF
D00000

CFFFFF
C80000

C7FFFF
C00000

BFFFFF
B80000

B7FFFF
B00000

100000 1-32 Mbytes User RAM

U57 Flash EPROMS

U56 Flash EPROMS

U55 Flash EPROMS

U54 Flash EPROMS

U53 Flash EPROMS

U52 Flash EPROMS

U51 Flash EPROMS

U50 Flash EPROMS

U47 RAM Backup

U38 RAM Backup

U33 RAM Backup

U49 RAM Backup

MEMORY 19

0FFFFF
0F0000
0EFFFF
0EC000
0EBFFF
0C0000
0BFFFF
0A0000
09FFFF
000000

64K BIOS

BIOS Extension

112K User EPROM

128K Video RAM

640K User RAM

CACHE MEMORY

Cache or cacheing is used to accelerate memory
accesses by providing a faster local storage memory.
This is accomplished by holding copies of data
frequently requested from main memory in much faster
SRAM. Which in turn enables the processor to run at its
full potential.

The TEK-AT3 comes with 16Kbytes of four-way high
performance Intel® 386 "Smart Cache". A four-way
cacheing scheme means more data paths are available
for frequently accessed code, thereby reducing the
average number of wait states seen by the CPU to nearly

0.

Cacheing is a cost effective way of maximizing system
performance since it utilizes onboard memory for
operation. And because it is transparent to the user, you
don't have to spend time configuring your system for
optimum performance.

20 TEK-AT3L REFERENCE MANUAL

The TEK-AT3L uses Intel's Smart Cache 82395DX and
is located at socket U43.

I/O MAP

The following table outlines the I/O ports used by the
TEK-AT3L.

MEMORY 21

TABLE 3-2 ONBOARD DECODED I/O MAP

ADDRESS FUNCTION

000-00F DMA controller 1
020-03F Interrupt controller 1
040-05F Timer
060-06F Keyboard (8742)
070-07F Real-time clock, NMI mask
080-09F DMA page register
0A0-0BF Interrupt controller 2
0C0-0DF DMA controller 2
0F0-0FF Math coprocessor
1F0-1F7 Hard disk
2X8-2XA EMS register, X=0 or 1
201 Watchdog timer, PDO, user
378-37A LPT1
278-27A LPT2
2F8-2FF COM2
3F2-3F7 Floppy disk
3F8-3FF COM1

22 TEK-AT3L REFERENCE MANUAL

ONBOARD UTILITIES SECTION 4

DMA CONTROLLER (8237)

The TEK-AT3L supports seven direct memory access
(DMA) channels. Two DMA controllers, functionally
equivalent to the 8237, are used with four channels on
each chip. Channel 0 is reserved for the DRAM refresh.
Channel 4 is used to cascade channels 0 through 7 to the
microprocessor, and Channel 2 is reserved for the
floppy controller.

TABLE 4-1 8237 CONTROLLER TABLE

DMA 0 Refresh
DMA 1 Available
DMA 2 Floppy controller
DMA 3 Available
DMA 4 Cascade controller # 1
DMA 5 Available
DMA 6 Available
DMA 7 Available

INTERRUPT CONTROLLER (8259)

Two 8259 interrupt controllers handle the interrupts on
the TEK-AT3L. Six interrupt lines are directly linked to
the keyboard controller timer, the real-time clock, both
serial ports and the parallel port.

TABLE 4-2 8259 CONTROLLER TABLE

24 TEK-AT3L REFERENCE MANUAL

CONTROLLER # 1 CONTROLLER # 2
IRQ 0 Timer 0 IRQ 8 Real-time clock
IRQ 1 Keyboard IRQ 9 Available
IRQ 2 Cascade controller # 2 IRQ 10 Available
IRQ 3 COM 2
IRQ 4 COM 1
IRQ 5 Available IRQ 13 Available
IRQ 6 Floppy controller IRQ 14 Fixed disk
IRQ 7 LPT 1

* All functions marked with an asterisk (*) can be disabled.

*

*

*

IRQ 11 Available
IRQ 12 Available

IRQ 15 Available

*

*

TABLE 4-3 INTERRUPT REGISTER ADDRESSES

Address Register

020 Operation control word 1
021 Operation control word 2/

control word 3

TIMER (8254)

The 8254 timer features three independent 16-bit
timer/counters. Channel 0 is tied to interrupt 0, channel
1 is used to generate refresh with DMA Channel 0, and
channel 2 is used for the speaker port.

KEYBOARD CONTROLLER

The keyboard controller on the TEK-AT3L is a
single-chip microcomputer (Intel 8042) that is

ONBOARD UTILITIES 25

programmed to support the keyboard serial interface.

The keyboard controller receives serial data from the
keyboard, checks data parity, translates scan codes, and
presents the data to the system as a byte of data in its
output buffer. The controller can interrupt the system
when data is placed in its output buffer, or wait for the
system to poll its status register to determine when data
is available.

TABLE 4-4 KEYBOARD CONTROLLER

ADDRESS REGISTER

060
060

064
064

read
write

read
write

keyboard output buffer register
data write

Status register
Command write

KEYBOARD , SPEAKER, RESET and KEYLOCK
INTERFACE

Connector J3 on the TEK-AT3L provides all the
necessary signals for connecting the keyboard, speaker,
reset, and keylock interface devices. The following
diagram shows the signal connections at J3 (referred to
as the Keyboard Header):

TABLE 4-5 J3 KEYBOARD HEADER

26 TEK-AT3L REFERENCE MANUAL

PIN NUMBER

SIGNAL FLOW

SIGNAL

KBDCLK

KBDDATA

VCC

SPKR

KBDINH

AUTO*

PBRES*

†

PIN NUMBER
SIGNAL FLOW

SIGNAL
O 1 2 - GND
O 3 4 - GND

- 5 6 - VCC
O 7 8 - VCC
I 9 10 - GND
I 11 12 - GND
I 13 14 - GND

ACT*

† ACT: See Hard Disk LED below

O 15 16 - VCC

The following functions are available on the keyboard
header, J3:

i. Speaker: An 8 ohm speaker can be directly connected
to J3-7 and J3-8. All necessary drivers are on the
TEK-AT3L.

ii. Keyboard Disable: The keyboard can be disabled or
locked up by shorting J3-9 and J3-10.

iii. Hard Disk LED: The onboard IDE interface
activates an external LED. The LED must be connected
anode on J3-16 and cathode on J3-15. No external
current limiting resistor is required since one is already
present on the TEK-AT3L.

ONBOARD UTILITIES 27

iv. Reset: The TEK-AT3L can be reset by shorting
J3-13 and J3-14.

v. Auto: This signal, J3-11, when shorted with J3-12,
puts the TEK-AT into Download Mode at boot up. Auto
has the same effect and is in parallel with SW1 7-8.

MATH COPROCESSOR

The TEK-AT3L has built-in support for a math
coprocessor. A pin grid socket, located at position U41
can accept any of the following devices:

Intel 387DX (33Mhz version)
Cyrix CX-83D87-33 GP
Sdc 83C87-33

The coprocessor derives its clock from the same signal
as the CPU. The clock input to both the CPU and
coprocessor is 66Mhz and both divide the clock by two
for a final clock speed of 33Mhz.

28 TEK-AT3L REFERENCE MANUAL

SUPERVISOR UTILITIES

Special Note on Register 201 (hex)

IBM PCs use address 201 (hex) as the game port.
Teknor computers utilize this address space in a manner
which gives industrial PC users the greatest amount of
I/O addressing space possible. This ultimately renders
the game port unusable.

Hence, some problems may occur with various test
software packages that intentionally write to the game
port and leave it with unknown values.

The following diagram illustrates how Teknor computers
utilize I/O Register 201 (hex):

TABLE 4-6 REGISTER 201 (hex)

Bit Function

0 Enable Watchdog (1=enable, R/W bit)
1 Watchdog activate (1-0-1 to toggle, R/W bit)
2 Flash VPP enable (1=VPP 12v, 0=VPP 5v, R/W bit)
3 Enable direction control RS-485

4 Make printer 8 data bits read only6

5 Select alternate SW1/SW2 (TEK-AT3L, TEK-AT3L, TEK-AT3L)

6 Not used
7 Not used

(1=enable RS-485 only, write only)/(Read=PDO* Status)

(1=input, 0=output, write only)

(1=select SW2, read only)

6

AT computers except TEK-AT1 revision 3 and earlier.

This feature is available on all TEK-

ONBOARD UTILITIES 29

F

F

Watchdog Timer

The Watchdog Timer is extremely useful in embedded
systems where human supervision is not required.
Following a reset, the Watchdog is always disabled.
The Watchdog is enabled once you write "1" in bit "0"
at address 201(hex) the first time. When enabled, the
microprocessor must refresh the Watchdog. This is
done by writing alternatively "0" and "1" to bit 1 at
address 201(hex), once every 1.6 seconds to verify
proper software execution.

If a hardware or software failure occurs such that the
Watchdog is not refreshed, a reset pulse is generated by
the Watchdog to restart the processor.

Not all bits are R/W. Therefore, be certain to
keep a mirror image of register 201(hex)
when programming it.

All bits are 0 after a hardware RESET or
power up condition.

F

The user program must provide the first
access to address 201(hex), and must also
include the refresh routine. In addition, be
certain to keep a mirror image of register
201(hex) when programming it. This is
necessary since register 201(hex) is a write­only user register and, as a result, is not used

30 TEK-AT3L REFERENCE MANUAL

by the BIOS.

TABLE 4-7 WATCHDOG TIMER REGISTER

ADDRESS REGISTER

201 bit 0 read/write Watchdog enable
201 bit 1 read/write Watchdog refresh

Jumper W2 must be installed to permit activation of the
Watchdog. If jumper W2 is removed, the Watchdog is
disabled.

Power Failure Detector

The power failure detector, which generates a
non-maskable interrupt (NMI) when a failure occurs,
provides a 1.25V threshold for DC power fail warning,
low battery detection, or when monitoring a power
supply other than +5VDC.

The Power Detection Output (PDO) of the power
failure detection circuit is connected to IOCHECK
(NMI). Jumper W1 allows the user to disable this
feature. However, the PDO status is still available by
reading I/O address 201 bit 3.

ONBOARD UTILITIES 31

TABLE 4-8 POWER MONITORING

JUMPER FUNCTION

W1 Open Power monitor disable
W1 Closed Power monitor enable

The detection circuit generates a non-maskable interrupt
when a power failure occurs. The status of the PDO is
available at I/O address 201 bit D3. For example, if it
reads 0, the circuit has detected a low power warning
from the power detect pin on J5-6.

Pin 6 on connector J5 is used for the power detection
input. This input can only accept DC voltage. The line
is monitored via two user-defined external resistors,
R22 and R25, which are connected to the power failure
input (Note: R22 is a surface mount resistor and R25 is
fixed to 1K).

The user should position the resistors according to the
monitoring level desired. If the voltage level supplied to
this line drops below 1.3V typical, a Power Fail status
is detected and directed to the NMI line.

Example:

Assume the TEK-AT3L is powered by a 9V DC battery
and it is required that the battery be monitored for a low
battery warning at 7.5V DC. In this case, R22=4700Ù
and R25=1000Ù.

32 TEK-AT3L REFERENCE MANUAL

So, if the battery voltage goes below 7.5V, it will
generate a non-maskable interrupt (NMI) and the status
can be read at address 201 bit D3. If bit D3 is 0, a low
battery is indicated.

Bear in mind that R22 and R25 should be tailored to fit
your specific application. The values for these two
resistors can be identified by using the following
formula:

R25
( R22+R25) * 7.5V < 1.3V

where: R22 = 1000Vmon - 1300

( 1.3 )

Please contact our technical support department if more
details are needed.

F

All TEK-AT boards are equipped with an
onboard detection circuit which is activated
when +5V drops below 4.75V. When this
occurs, the system is reset disabling access to
SRAM, DRAM, and so on.

ONBOARD UTILITIES 33

REAL-TIME CLOCK

The RTC is compatible with the popular MC146818. It
combines a complete time-of-day clock with a
one-hundred year calendar, an alarm, a programmable
periodic interrupt, and 114 bytes of low-power static
RAM.

A battery backup facility is provided for the RTC. The
internal clock circuitry uses 14 bytes of this RAM, and
the rest is reserved for configuration information.

PARALLEL PORT (LPT1)

The parallel port is 100% PC/AT compatible. It
provides the necessary control signals for use as a
Centronics-compatible parallel interface. The
connection is done through a DB-25 connector, J7,
located at the edge of the board.

34 TEK-AT3L REFERENCE MANUAL

TABLE 4-9 LPT1 (J7)

PIN NUMBER PIN NUMBER

SIGNAL FLOW SIGNAL FLOW

SIGNAL SIGNAL

STB* O 1 2 I/O P0

P1 I/O 3 4 I/O P2
P3 I/O 5 6 I/O P4
P5 I/O 7 8 I/O P6

P7 I/O 9 10 I ACK*
BUSY I 11 12 I PE
SLCT I 13 14 O AFD*
ERR* I 15 16 O INIT*

SLIN* O 17 18 - GND

GND - 19 20 - GND
GND - 21 22 - GND
GND - 23 24 - GND
GND - 25

Changing Direction on LPT1

The 8 bit data is set to output by default. It can be
changed to 8 bit input simply by writing 10h to address
201h (set bit 4).

F

Port 201h is also used to control the Watchdog
Timer. Therefore, it is highly recommended

ONBOARD UTILITIES 35

you keep a mirror image of port 201h in
memory.

SERIAL COMMUNICATION PORTS

The TEK-AT3L features two UARTs which are
functionally equivalent to the NS16450. They are both
configured as DTE. The COM1 (J6) port is buffered
directly on the board for RS232 operation. The COM2
port may be buffered for either RS232 or for RS485. To
configure COM2 for RS485, please refer to Section 2,
Configuration Jumpers.

COM1 (J6) Hardware Configuration

The COM1 port is configured as RS232, and is 100%
compatible with the IBM-AT serial port.

TABLE 4-10 COM1 (J6)

PIN NUMBER PIN NUMBER

SIGNAL FLOW SIGNAL FLOW

SIGNAL SIGNAL

DCD I 1 2 I RX

TX O 3 4 O DTR

GND - 5 6 I DSR
RTS O 7 8 I CTS

RI I 9

36 TEK-AT3L REFERENCE MANUAL

COM2 (J4) Hardware Configuration

COM2 (J4) as RS232

The COM2 port is configured as RS232, and is 100%
compatible with the IBM-AT serial port.

TABLE 4-10 COM2 (J4) RS232

PIN NUMBER PIN NUMBER

SIGNAL FLOW SIGNAL FLOW

SIGNAL SIGNAL

DCD I 1 2 I DSR

RX I 3 4 O RTS

TX O 5 6 I CTS

DTR O 7 8 I RI
GND 9

F

The pin out for J6 and J4, shown above, may
appear to be different. However, since J4
(COM2) is a 10 pin flat ribbon connector, the
flat ribbon cable will produce an identical pin
out as J6 (COM1) when crimped to a DB9
connector provided pin 1 is kept aligned.

ONBOARD UTILITIES 37

COM2 (J4) as RS485

If the TEK-AT3L is configured for RS485 operation. It
can support either full-duplex or party line
communication.

Full Duplex Operation

Upon power-up or reset, the RS485 interface circuits are
automatically configured for full duplex operation.
J4(3,4) act as the receiver lines and J4(5,6) as the
transmitter lines.

Party Line Operation

In order to enable party line operation, the user must first
write "1" to bit 3 at I/O address 201. This allows the
transceiver (J4 3,4) to be controlled by the RTS signal.
Upon power-up or reset, the transceiver is by default in
"receiver mode" in order to prevent unwanted
perturbation on the line.

In party line operation, termination resistors R9 and R18
must be installed only on the boards at both ends of the
network.

38 TEK-AT3L REFERENCE MANUAL

TABLE 4-12 COM2 (J4) RS485

PIN NUMBER PIN NUMBER

SIGNAL FLOW SIGNAL FLOW

SIGNAL SIGNAL

RESERVED - 1 2 I NC

RXD(-) I/O 3 4 I/O RXD(+)
TXD(-) O 5 6 I TXD(+)

NC O 7 8 I NC

GND - 9

FLOPPY DISK CONTROLLER

The floppy disk controller on the TEK-AT3L is IBM PC
and AT compatible (single and double density). It
handles 3.5 inch and 5.25 inch low and high density
drives. Up to two drives can be supported in any
combination.

Mechanical Floppy Disk Installation

The installation of floppy drives on the TEK-AT3L is
done via a standard IBM 34-pin flat ribbon cable that
connects to J2. The pin-out is described below:

ONBOARD UTILITIES 39

TABLE 4-12
FLOPPY DISK CONNECTOR PIN OUT (J2)

Pin Number

2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
26
28
30
32
34
1-33 (ODD)

Signal Flow

O

-

­I
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
I
I
I
O
I

-

Signal

RPM/LC
N.C.
N.C.
INDEX*
MOTRENA*
DRIVESB*
DRIVESA*
MOTRENB*
DIRC*
STEP*
WRITE DATA*
WRITE ENABLE*
TRACK0*
WRITE PROTECT*
READ DATA*
HEAD SELECT*
DCHG
GND

40 TEK-AT3L REFERENCE MANUAL

DIAGRAM 4-1 FLOPPY DISK CABLE

HARD DISK CONTROLLER

The TEK-AT3L supports AT

Integrated Disk Drives. The AT
embedded drive architecture incorporates drive
electronics and controller circuitry on a single printed
circuit board which is mounted directly to the disk drive
chassis. The integration of drive and controller
functions increases reliability and performance by
eliminating redundant circuitry. Thus, providing
increased performance at reduced cost.

Hard Disk Installation

To connect an IDE hard disk to the TEK-AT3L, a 40-pin
dual row header signal connector is required. This
connector handles all command, data, and status I/O
lines. The 40-pin male header connector located at J1
on the TEK-AT3L connects directly with the cable. A
maximum cable length of 18 inches is recommended.

The drive itself can be mounted in any horizontal or
vertical plane. The hard drive must be indicated in the
CMOS setup. The number of cylinders, heads, sectors
per track, landing zone, and write precompensation must
all be specified. This is done through selecting a

ONBOARD UTILITIES 41

standard drive type listed in the setup screen or by using
a user defined drive type (type 48), whereby the user can
enter the required parameters.

Your drive manufacturer can supply this information.

F

The onboard hard disk interface can be
disabled on the TEK-AT3L by installing
jumper W3.

42 TEK-AT3L REFERENCE MANUAL

I/O

I/O

I/O

I/O

I/O

I/O

I/O

I/O

I/O

I/O

I/O

I/O

I/O

I/O

I/OII

I

TABLE 4-14 HARD DISK CONNECTOR

PIN OUT (J1)

Pin Number

3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
1
23
25
33
35
36
37
38
31
32
39
20
21
34
2,19,22,24
26,30,40

Signal Flow

I/O

I
I
I
I
I
O
O
O

-

-

-

-

Signal

SD7
SD8
SD6
SD9
SD5
SD10
SD4
SD11
SD3
SD12
SD2
SD13
SD1
SD14
SD0
SD15
RST*
IOW*
IOR*
SA1
SA0
SA2
CS0*
CS1*
IRQ14
I/OCS16*
ACTIVE*
KEY (NOT CONNECTED)
RESERVED (NOT CONNECTED)
PDIAG
GND

SOLID STATE DISKS

The TEK-AT3L has 12, 32-pin sockets that can be used
for solid state (semiconductor) disks. Solid state disks
(SSDs) have no moving parts and are far less
susceptible to dirt, moisture, vibration and temperature
variations than mechanical floppy disks. Two types of
SSDs are available on the TEK-AT3L, Flash EPROM

ONBOARD UTILITIES 43

and Static-RAM (SRAM).

Flash EPROM Disk

The non-volatile characteristics of Flash memory
eliminate the risk of losing valuable data updates (a
concern with battery-backed SRAM). As a result, Flash
memory offers major advantages in applications like
automated factories, remote systems, portable equipment
and similar environments. Plus, Flash memory is
obtainable at a much lower cost than EEPROM or
battery-backed SRAM. The TEK-AT3L is configurable
from 128KBytes to 2MBytes of Flash EPROM in a
PLCC package.

Flash disks "look" identical to floppy disks. Therefore,
all the functions that can be performed on floppy disks
are available on the Flash disks: e.g. booting, reading,
copying, and so on.

The only difference between the two drive types is that
Flash disks are read only. Hence, whenever an attempt
is made to write to the Flash disk, a write-protect error
is generated. Writing to Flash disks is explained below
and in detail in Teknor's XFLASH User's Manual.

F

In order for the TEK-AT3L to recognize the
Flash disk, Jumper W11 must be installed.

44 TEK-AT3L REFERENCE MANUAL

Writing To Flash Disks

To create a Flash disk (i.e. writing information to it), use
the XFLASH utility found on the utilities diskette which
came with this board.

The XFLASH software utility allows you to choose files
from floppy and hard disks and write them to the Flash
disks.

Information can be transferred to the Flash disk by
directly running XFLASH on the TEK-AT3L computer,
or remotely - by using a serial link. The second option
is referred to as Download Mode and is enabled by
installing jumper SW1(7-8).

In addition, the Flash disk can be made to boot simply by
installing SW1(1-2). This function causes the Flash disk
to replace floppy disk 0 from the "A" position - leaving
the mechanical floppy unused. Floppy 0 must then be
physically moved to the floppy 1 position where it
becomes the "B" drive. Please refer to the Physical

Devices Table for more information.

ONBOARD UTILITIES 45

SRAM Disk

The TEK-AT3L comes with four SRAM sockets which
are automatically configured as a read/write battery­backed SRAM disk.

The SRAM disk also "looks" just like a floppy disk
since you can read and write directly to it using regular
DOS commands. The only limitation is that the SRAM
disk is not bootable. Therefore, the boot process must
take place in either the Flash disk, floppy 0 or hard
disks.

The TEK-AT3L supports 32Kx8, 128Kx8, 256Kx8 and
512Kx8 devices. The SRAM disk can be configured
from 32KBytes to 2Mbytes. The SRAM devices cannot
be mixed, but the SRAM disk may be made up of a
single device if so desired. SRAM banks 0, 1, 2, and 3
are located at sockets U19, U33, U38 and U47
respectively.

F

Once installed, the device types must be configured on
the board as indicated in the following table:

If a single SRAM device is used it must be
installed in bank 0 (U19). Please refer to
Diagram 2-1 for exact location.

46 TEK-AT3L REFERENCE MANUAL

TABLE 4-15 STATIC-RAM DISK

JUMPER FUNCTION

W15(1-2) 32kx8 and 128kx8 devices
W15(2-3) 256kx8 and 512kx8 devices

If SRAM disk operation is not desired, but battery­backed SRAM memory is needed, simply install a
device on the top socket, U27 (i.e. the one farthest from
the bus connector). The BIOS will then ignore this
device leaving its contents intact.

F

SRAM power consumption is usually less than
5µA in 3V backup mode. So files transferred
to battery-backed SRAM disks typically stay
resident for two years. Actual life, however,
is dependent on the actual consumption of the
SRAM devices installed.

Battery Backup Circuit

A 350maH lithium battery is installed on the
TEK-AT3L. If the TEK-AT3L is strapped to be
powered by the battery back-up, the RAMs will retain
their information after a power down.

ONBOARD UTILITIES 47

TABLE 4-16 BATTERY BACKUP CIRCUIT

JUMPER FUNCTION

W3 open NC
W3 closed Vbatt

F

Removing jumper W3 will cause the set-up
and real-time clock information to be lost.

The TEK-AT3L comes with a 350 maH TL5186
TADIRAN battery with a shelf life of approximately 10
years (under "no-load" conditions).

TEK-AT3L draws approximately 14µA typical. This
means the battery will last 2 years if no power is applied
to the board. Remember, when the 5V is supplied, the
battery is electronically disconnected. Virtually as if it
were on the shelf.

The actual life of the battery depends on the amount of
time DC power is not applied and on environmental
(temperature) conditions. The TADIRAN TL5186 has
an operating range of -550 to 750C and discharge
characteristics vary with temperature.

The TADIRAN TL5186 is U.L. recognized. Its U.L.
component recognition is MH12193.

48 TEK-AT3L REFERENCE MANUAL

PIN NUMBER

F

The actual voltage supplied by the battery is

3.6 volts. This can be verified at pins 16-32 on
the SRAM sockets using a standard voltmeter.

POWER CONNECTOR (J5)

This connector can be utilized to supply the TEK-AT3L
when you are not using a passive backplane. The pin­outs are shown below:

TABLE 4-18 POWER CONNECTOR (J5)

PIN NUMBER

SIGNAL FLOW SIGNAL FLOW

SIGNAL SIGNAL

VCC 1 2 GND
GND 3 4 +12V

-12V 5 6 PD

OPERATION 49

OPERATION
SECTION 5

CONFIGURATION JUMPERS (SW1)

The TEK-AT3L has an onboard BIOS extension which
controls certain functions of the BIOS related to
industrial applications. The extended BIOS reads the
status of the jumpers (SW1) and acts accordingly.

Upon system start-up, the BIOS automatically determines
how much ROM/RAM disk memory is available to the
system, and what equipment is connected to the system.
Jumpers SW1 will be set by the user as needed. The
following lists the available modes:

TABLE 5-1 SW1 JUMPER SETTINGS

JUMPER FUNCTION

SW1(1-2) Boot From Flash Devices
SW1(3-4) Reserved
SW1(5-6) Boot From VT100 Terminal
SW1(7-8) Activate Serial Download Mode

LOGICAL DISK CONFIGURATION

The TEK-AT3L can detect two semiconductor drives ­A Flash EPROM disk drive and a battery-backed SRAM
disk drive.

50 TEK-AT3L REFERENCE MANUAL

These drives are installed as follows:

If SW1(1-2) is installed (i.e. booting MS-DOS from
Flash EPROMs), then Drive A: is the Flash Disk
(assuming jumper W6 is installed). Drive B: is Floppy
1 (if installed) or the next available drive according to
the following list of priorities:

1- Floppy 1
2- Flash Disk if not already installed as A:
3- RAM Disk (if installed)
4- Hard Disk (if installed)

Subsequent logical drives are installed following the
above priority list.

If SW1(1-2) is not installed (i.e. booting operating
system from F/H drives), then Drive A: is Floppy 0.
Drive B:, and subsequent drives, follow the priority list
above.

Please refer to the Physical Devices Table for complete
information.

F

The RAM disk is automatically detected and
installed upon booting. The beginning of the
disk is checked and reformatted if it is found
to be corrupt or if data is unrecognizable.

TABLE 5-2 PHYSICAL DEVICES TABLE

PHYSICAL DEVICES INSTALLED & DRIVE ASSIGNMENTS

CONFIGURATION
AND PHYSICAL
DEVICES
INSTALLED

DRIVE NAME:

A: FLOPPY 0 FLOPPY 0 FLASH FLOPPY 0 FLASH FLASH

B: FLOPPY 1 FLOPPY 1 FLOPPY 1 FLASH FLOPPY 1 AVAILABLE

C: AVAILABLE FLASH AVAILABLE AVAILABLE AVAILABLE AVAILABLE

D: AVAILABLE AVAILABLE AVAILABLE AVAILABLE AVAILABLE AVAILABLE

NOTES: The indication "FLASH DISK" assumes at least one Flash device is installed at U26 with a valid

DOS content. "Floppy 0" specifies the physical drive connected to the twisted end of the flat
cable. "Floppy 1" specifies the physical drive connected to the untwisted end of the flat cable.
"Jumper" specifies configuration Jumper SW1(1-2). All other drives are installed following the
above assignments in this manner: RAM Disk, and then Hard Disk. Therefore, with a full
configuration, RAM Disk is "D" and the Hard Disk is "E".

JUMPER OR
NO JUMPER
FLOPPY 0
FLOPPY 1
NO FLASH DISK

NO JUMPER
FLOPPY 0

FLOPPY 1
FLASH DISK

JUMPER
FLOPPY 0 OR

NO FLOPPY 0
FLOPPY 1
FLASH DISK

NO JUMPER
FLOPPY 0
FLASH DISK

JUMPER
FLOPPY 1
FLASH DISK

JUMPER

FLASH DISK

52 TEK-AT3L REFERENCE MANUAL

VT100 OPERATION (SW1(5-6))

The TEK-AT3L utilizes a feature known as VT1OO
MODE. This mode enables your single board computer

to run without a local keyboard or screen. That is,
operation can be controlled via a remote terminal or a
computer with a terminal emulation program.

Requirements

To use VT100 Mode, the TEK-AT board must be
supplied with +/-12 volts. This is the voltage required
by the RS232 drivers.

The terminal you are using should emulate a VT1OO or
ANSI terminal. Although this is not an absolute
requirement, strange characters may appear on screen if
it does not. This occurs because the VT1OO recognizes
these control characters, and causes them to perform a
specific function. For example, screen erase, cursor
position, and so on.

Hardware Setup And Configuration

Follow these steps to setup for VT1OO Mode:

• Install jumper SW1(5-6) to enable VT1OO Mode

{note: VT1OO Mode runs on COM1 (3F8H)}

.

• Setup the communications cable as shown in

OPERATION 53

Diagram 5-1

for your terminal, you can setup a partial cable using only
the TXD and RXD lines. The control lines can be

ignored by looping them back as shown in Diagram 5-2}

{Note: If you do not require a full cable

• Boot up your terminal and set it up with the

following parameters:

19200 Baud
8 Bits
No Parity
Echo off (or full duplex)

F

Use CTRL-R to configure your system in
VT100 Mode.

Running Without A Terminal

If you wish to disconnect the VT1OO terminal or if you
decide to run without a terminal, you must ensure the
control lines are in an active state. Failing this, the
system may "hang" while waiting for the control lines to
become active. Wiring the system according to Diagram
5-2 allows the lines to remain active.

.

Furthermore, you can run without any console at all
simply by not enabling VT1OO mode and by not
installing a video card.

DIAGRAM 5-1 FULL SETUP

54 TEK-AT3L REFERENCE MANUAL

DIAGRAM 5-2 PARTIAL SETUP

OPERATION 55

56 TEK-AT3L REFERENCE MANUAL

DISK DRIVES AND SEMI CONDUCTOR DISKS

All disk drives and semi conductor disks operate
identically in both regular and VT1OO mode, and all
drive assignments remain the same.

Downloading software to Flash devices is done through
XFLASH, Teknor's transfer utility software. Please
refer to the XFLASH User's Manual for details.

BAUD RATE RESTRICTIONS

The baud rate is re-initialized each time a call to INT
1OH (display to console) is made. This is due to some
software programs, such as MS-DOS, changing the baud
rate when loading.

GRAPHICS/STAND-ALONE (SW1(5-6))

The TEK-AT3L can operate without any video
controller, keyboard or mechanical drives. The
TEK-AT3L will automatically detect the presence of
video, keyboard and mechanical drive devices and act
accordingly. The TEK-AT3L can be used with the
TEK-PG VGA card or any IBM compatible graphics
controller card. Before starting the system, the user
should also verify that the color monitor attached to the
system can support the desired graphics mode.

TEK-AT3L BIOS SECTION 7

TEK-AT3L BIOS 57

OVERVIEW AND FEATURES

The TEK-AT3L uses the Quadtel BIOS. This BIOS
provides a software interface between the operating
system and the hardware of the TEK-AT3L single board
computer. The interface provided by the BIOS is 100%
IBM AT compatible. That is, all functions accept the
same inputs and provide the same results, although the
program code itself is different.

ERROR HANDLING

TEKNOR BIOS can be configured to handle errors
differently. Two possibilities exist:

Stop: The BIOS will stop the booting process if

an error is detected and request the user
to press F1.

Warning: The BIOS will display an error message

but will continue the booting procedure.

58 TEK-AT3L REFERENCE MANUAL

The following lists the error sources and their default
values.

[Warning] Diskette
[Warning] Fixed Disk
[Warning] Keyboard
[Warning] Video
[Warning] Memory size
[Warning] CMOS checksum
[Warning] Real-Time Clock
[Warning] POST configuration
[Warning] Coprocessor
[Warning] Other

SPECIFICATIONS 59

SPECIFICATIONS SECTION 7

TEK-AT3L DC CHARACTERISTICS

Supply Voltage Vcc min.: 4.75V

Vcc max.: 5.25V

+12V

-12V

Supply Current Icc typ.: 1.30A7/1.68A

8

Ipp +12V 10ma
Ipp -12V 5ma

TEK-AT3L ENVIRONMENTAL
SPECIFICATIONS

Operating Temperature:

00C to 700C

Non-Condensing relative humidity:

5% to 95%

7Current measured with 4Mbytes of DRAM only.
8Current measured with 16Mbytes of DRAM, 1M SRAM, 1M Flash

EPROM, and math coprocessor installed.

60 TEK-AT3L REFERENCE MANUAL

SPECIFICATIONS 61

DIAGRAM 8-3

MECHANICAL SPECIFICATIONS

62 TEK-AT3L REFERENCE MANUAL

DIAGRAM 8-4 ASSEMBLY

SPECIFICATIONS 63

DIAGRAM 8-5 BLOCK DIAGRAM

64 TEK-AT3L REFERENCE MANUAL

PIN NUMBER

CONNECTOR OVERVIEW

J5 POWER CONNECTOR

PIN NUMBER

SIGNAL FLOW SIGNAL FLOW

SIGNAL SIGNAL

VCC - 1 2 - GND
GND - 3 4 - +12V

-12V - 5 6 - PD

J3 KEYBOARD CONNECTOR

PIN NUMBER PIN NUMBER

SIGNAL FLOW SIGNAL FLOW

SIGNAL SIGNAL
KBDCLK O 1 2 - GND

KBDDATA O 3 4 - GND

VCC - 5 6 - VCC

SPKR O 7 8 - VCC

KBDINH I 9 10 - GND

AUTO* I 11 12 - GND

PBRES* I 13 14 - GND

SPECIFICATIONS 65

ACT* O 15 16 - VCC

J7 PRINTER CONNECTOR

PIN NUMBER PIN NUMBER

SIGNAL FLOW SIGNAL FLOW

SIGNAL SIGNAL

STB* O 1 2 I/O P0

P1 I/O 3 4 I/O P2
P3 I/O 5 6 I/O P4
P5 I/O 7 8 I/O P6

P7 I/O 9 10 I ACK*
BUSY I 11 12 I PE
SLCT I 13 14 O AFD*
ERR* I 15 16 O INIT*

SLIN* O 17 18 - GND

GND - 19 20 - GND
GND - 21 22 - GND
GND - 23 24 - GND
GND - 25

66 TEK-AT3L REFERENCE MANUAL

J6 COM1 CONNECTOR

PIN NUMBER PIN NUMBER

SIGNAL FLOW SIGNAL FLOW

SIGNAL SIGNAL

DCD I 1 2 I RX

TX O 3 4 O DTR

GND O 5 6 I DSR
RTS O 7 8 I CTS

RI I 9

J4 COM2 CONNECTOR/RS232

PIN NUMBER PIN NUMBER

SIGNAL FLOW SIGNAL FLOW

SIGNAL SIGNAL

DCD I 1 2 I DSR

RX I 3 4 O RTS

TX O 5 6 I CTS

DTR O 7 8 I RI
GND - 9

SPECIFICATIONS 67

J4 COM2 CONNECTOR/RS485

PIN NUMBER PIN NUMBER

SIGNAL FLOW SIGNAL FLOW

SIGNAL SIGNAL

RESERVED - 1 2 I NC

RXD(-) I/O 3 4 I/O RXD(+)
TXD(-) O 5 6 I TXD(+)

NC O 7 8 I NC

GND I 9

68 TEK-AT3L REFERENCE MANUAL

GF1-GF2 PC BUS CONNECTOR

A Side B Side

I/O PIN

A1
A2
A3
A4
A5
A6
A7
A8

A9
A10
A11
A12
A13
A14
A15
A16
A17
A18
A19
A20
A21
A22
A23
A24
A25
A26
A27
A28
A29
A30
A31

Signal Name I/O

I/O CH CK*

SD7
SD6
SD5
SD4
SD3
SD2
SD1
SD0

I/O CH RDY*

AEN
SA19
SA18
SA17
SA16
SA15
SA14
SA13
SA12
SA11
SA10

SA9

SA8

SA7

SA6

SA5

SA4

SA3

SA2

SA1

SA0

I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O

I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O

I/O PIN

I

I
O

B10
B11
B12
B13
B14
B15
B16
B17
B18
B19
B20
B21
B22
B23
B24
B25
B26
B27
B28
B29
B30
B31

Signal Name I/O

B1
B2
B3
B4
B5
B6
B7
B8
B9

RESET DRV

-12 Vdc
+12 Vdc

REFRESH*

GND

+5 Vdc

IRQ9

-5 Vdc
DRQ2

OWS

GND
SMESW*
SMEMR*

IOW*
IOR*

DACK3*

DRQ3

DACK1*

DRQ1

CLK

IRQ7
IRQ6
IRQ5
IRQ4
IRQ3

DACK2*

T/C

BALE

+5 Vdc

OSC

GND

Ground

O

Power

I

Power

I

Power

I

Power

Ground

O

O
I/O
I/O

O

I

O

I
I/O

O

I

I

I

I

I

O

O

O

Power

O

Ground

C Side D Side

SPECIFICATIONS 69

I/O PIN

C1
C2
C3
C4
C5
C6
C7
C8

C9
C10
C11
C12
C13
C14
C15
C16
C17
C18

Signal Name I/O

SBHE*

LA23
LA22
LA21
LA20
LA19
LA18

LA17
MEMR*
MEMW*

SD08

SD09

SD10

SD11

SD12

SD13

SD14

SD15

I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/0
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O

I/O PIN

D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
D8

D9
D10
D11
D12
D13
D14
D15
D16
D17
D18

Signal Name I/O

MEM CS16*
I/O CS16*

IRQ10
IRQ11
IRQ12
IRQ15
IRQ14

DACK0*

DRQ0

DACK5*

DRQ5

DACK6*

DRQ6

DACK7*

DRQ7

+5Vdc

MASTER*

GND

POWER

Ground

I
I
I
I
I
I
I
O
I
O
I
O
I
O
I

I

70 TEK-AT3L REFERENCE MANUAL

J1A MEZZANINE CARD CONNECTOR

A SIDE

1
3
5
7

9
11
13
15
17
19
21
23
25
27
29
31
33
35
37
39
41
43
45
47
49
51
53
55
57
59
61

I/O PIN Signal Name

A1
A2
A3
A4
A5
A6
A7
A8

A9
A10
A11
A12
A13
A14
A15
A16
A17
A18
A19
A20
A21
A22
A23
A24
A25
A26
A27
A28
A29
A30
A31

I/O CH CK*

SD7
SD6
SD5
SD4
SD3
SD2
SD1
SD0

I/O CH RDY*

AEN
SA19
SA18
SA17
SA16
SA15
SA14
SA13
SA12
SA11
SA10

SA9

SA8

SA7

SA6

SA5

SA4

SA3

SA2

SA1

SA0

I/O

I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O

I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O

I

I
O

B Side

I/O
PIN Signal Name

2

B1

4

B2

6

B3

8

B4

10

B5

12

B6

14

B7

16

B8

18

B9

20

B10

22

B11

24

B12

26

B13

28

B14

30

B15

32

B16

34

B17

36

B18

38

B19

40

B20

42

B21

44

B22

46

B23

48

B24

50

B25

52

B26

54

B27

56

B28

58

B29

60

B30

62

B31

GND

RESET DRV

+5 Vdc

IRQ9

-5 Vdc
DRQ2

-12 Vdc
OWS

+12 Vdc

GND

SMESW*
SMEMR*

IOW*
IOR*

DACK3*

DRQ3

DACK1*

DRQ1

REFRESH*

CLK

IRQ7
IRQ6
IRQ5
IRQ4
IRQ3

DACK2*

T/C

BALE

+5 Vdc

OSC
GND

I/O

Ground

O

Power

I

Power

I

Power

I

Power

Ground

O

O
I/O
I/O

O

I

O

I
I/O

O

I

I

I

I

I

O

O

O

Power

O

Ground

SPECIFICATIONS 71

J2 FLOPPY DISK CONNECTOR PIN OUT

Pin Number

2
4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

Signal Flow

O

-

­I
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
I
I
I
O
I

-

Signal

RPM/LC
N.C.
N.C.
INDEX*
MOTRENA*
DRIVESB*
DRIVESA*
MOTRENB*
DIRC*
STEP*
WRITE DATA*
WRITE ENABLE*
TRACK0*
WRITE PROTECT*
READ DATA*
HEAD SELECT*
DCHG
GND

22

24

72 TEK-AT3L REFERENCE MANUAL

26

28

30

32

34

1-33 (ODD)

SPECIFICATIONS 73

J1 HARD DISK CONNECTOR PIN OUT

Pin Number

3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
1
23
25
33
35
36
37
38
31
32
39
20
21
34
2,19,22,24
26,30,40

Signal Flow

I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I
I
I
I

I
I
I
I
O
O
O

-

-

-

-

Signal

SD7
SD8
SD6
SD9
SD5
SD10
SD4
SD11
SD3
SD12
SD2
SD13
SD1
SD14
SD0
SD15
RST*
IOW*
IOR*
SA1
SA0
SA2
CS0*
CS1*
IRQ14
I/OCS16*
ACTIVE*
KEY (NOT CONNECTED)
RESERVED (NOT CONNECTED)
PDIAG
GND

74 TEK-AT3L REFERENCE MANUAL

SPECIFICATIONS 75

LIMITED WARRANTY SECTION 8

TEKNOR MICROSYSTEMS INC. ("the seller")
warrants its products to be free from defects in material
and workmanship for a period of two (2) years
commencing on the date of shipment. The liability of the
seller shall be limited to replacing or repairing, at the
seller's option, any defective units. Equipment or parts
which have been subject to abuse, misuse, accident,
alteration, neglect, or unauthorized repair are not
covered by this warranty. This warranty is in lieu of all
other warranties expressed or implied.

Returning Defective Merchandise

If your TEKNOR product malfunctions, please do the
following before returning any merchandise:

1) Call our Technical Support Department at (514)
437-5682. Make certain you have the following
at hand: the Teknor Invoice #, your Purchase
Order #, and the Serial Number of the defective
unit.

2) Give the serial number found on the back of the
card and explain the nature of your problem to a
service technician.

3) If the problem cannot be solved over the
telephone the technician will further instruct you
on the return procedure.

LIMITED WARRANTY 77

4) When returning goods, please include the name
and telephone number of a person whom we can
contact for further explanations if necessary.

Where applicable, always include all duty
papers and invoice(s) associated with the
item(s) in question

5) Prior to returning any merchandise, make certain
you receive an RMA # and clearly mark this
number on the outside of the package you are
returning.

6) When returning a TEKNOR card:

i) Make certain that the card is packed
in conductive foam pads or conductive
plastic bags.
ii) Place it in a rigid cardboard box.
iii) Ship prepaid and insured to:

.

TEKNOR MICROSYSTEMS INC.

Service Department

31 de la Seigneurie E.

Suite 107

Blainville, Quebec

J7C 4G6 CANADA

GETTING HELP SECTION 9

Need More Help?

78 TEK-AT3L REFERENCE MANUAL

At Teknor, we take great pride in our customer's
successes. We strongly believe in providing full support
at all stages of your product development.

If at any time you encounter difficulties with your
application or with any of our products, or if you simply
need guidance on system setups and capabilities, you
may contact our Technical Services/Support Department
at

Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]

If you have any questions about Teknor, our products
and/or services, you may reach us at the above numbers
or by writing to:

TEKNOR MICROSYSTEMS INC.

31 de la Seigneurie E.

Suite 107

Blainville, Quebec

J7C 4G6 CANADA

GETTING HELP 79

RECOMMENDED DEVICES AND CONNECTORS

The following is a list of recommended devices and
connectors for use on the TEK-AT3L. Many other
models are available and function equally well. Users
are encouraged to check with their local distributors for
comparable substitutes.

DRAM (U1-8)

DRAM devices with page mode at 80ns maximum
access time, or better, should be used. E.g.:

SIEMENS HYM910005 (1M x 9)
TOSHIBA THM91000A5-80 (1M X 9)
HITACHI HB56A19B-8 (1M x 9)
OKI MSC2312A159-8A/80 (1M x 9)

SRAM

Static RAM CMOS memory with low power
consumption for battery backup (no Pseudo-Static) with
access time of 200ns, or better. Must be in DIP package.
E.g.:

(U19,33,38,47)

SONY 58256P (32K x 8)
MITSUBISHI MH12808TNA-15 (128K x 8)
MITSUBISHI MH51208TNA-15 (512K x 8)
EDI 8M8 128/LP (128K x 8)
EDI 8F8257/LP (256k x8)
EDI 8F8512/LP (512K x 8)
or equivalents.

2 TEK-AT3L REFERENCE MANUAL

FLASH EPROM

(U50-57)
Use Flash EPROM's with 200ns access time, or better.
Must be in PLCC package. Use only:

INTEL or AMD 28F010 (128K x 8) FLASH EPROM
INTEL or AMD 28F020 (256K x 8) FLASH EPROM

INTERFACE CONNECTORS

The following connectors are recommended for
interfacing with the TEK-AT3L I/O devices. The parts
shown here do not have a strain relief but one may be
added.

Connector Recommended Mating Part
Hard Disk (J1) Robinson Nugent IDS-C40PK-TG

Amp 746286-9 (499252-1*)
Thomas & Betts 609-1041
(40-pin flat cable connector)

Floppy Disk (J2) Robinson Nugent IDS-C34PK-TG

Amp 746286-8 (499252-6*)
Thomas & Betts 609-3441
(34-pin flat cable connector)

Keyboard (J3) Robinson Nugent IDS-C16PK-TG

Amp 746286-3 (499252-8*)
Thomas & Betts 609-1641
(16-pin flat cable connector)

APPENDIX A 3

COM2 (J4) Robinson Nugent IDS-C10PK-TG

Amp 746286-1 (499252-5*)
Thomas & Betts 609-1041
(10-pin flat cable connector)

Power Connector (J5) Leoco 2530 S060013 (housing)

Leoco 2533 TCB00A0 (pins)
Molex 22-01-1063 (housing)
Molex 4809C or 40455 (pins)

COM1 (J6) Robinson Nugent

IDD-C9SM-440-TG30
Amp 747318-4 (747275-4*)
Thomas & Betts 609-09S
Amphenol 841-17-DBFR-B9S
(9-pin flat cable connector)

LPT1 (J7) Robinson Nugent

IDD-C25PM-440-TG30
Amp 747321-2 (747275-2*)
Thomas & Betts 609-25P
Amphenol 841-17-DBFR-B25P
(25-pin flat cable connector)

XT Header (J9) Samtec ESQ131-12-G-D

PCB-mount female connector

* optional Amp strain relief part number shown in brackets