Taylor K-8000, TTi 2000 User Manual
®
TTi
Colorimeter Series
User’s Manual
Taylor Technologies, Inc.
800-TEST KIT (837-8548)
www.taylortechnologies.com
®
TTi
Colorimeter Series User’s Manual
®
TTi
Colorimeter Series User’s Manual
First Edition
last revision to this edition 6/12/2017
Taylor Technologies, Inc. Sparks, Maryland
Taylor Technologies, Inc., Sparks, Maryland 21152
© 2012 Taylor Technologies, Inc.
All rights reserved. First edition published online 2012
For ready reference by the reader, the date of the last revision
to the manual is posted on the title page. The latest revision
date for each chapter or subsection is posted in parentheses
after its title in the table of contents. Check these periodically
to make sure your file copy is up to date.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PART 1 GENERAL INFORMATION
Safety and General Precautions (4/21/15 ) .............................................................................................1-3
Colorimeter Description ........................................................................................................................1-3
Features (10/19/12) ....................................................................................................................... 1-3
Optional Chemical Forms (4/19/13) ................................................................................................1-4
Components and Optional Accessories (6/12/17) ...................................................................................1-5
Colorimeter Reagent Packs (6/12/17) ....................................................................................................1-5
Supplementary Testing Supplies (4 /7/15 ) ...............................................................................................1-7
Registration (10/19/12) ........................................................................................................................1-7
Contacting Taylor Technologies (4 / 21/15) ..............................................................................................1-8
PART 2 TESTING PRIMER
Introduction to Colorimetric Absorption Analysis (10/19/12) ..................................................................... 2-3
Best Practices .....................................................................................................................................2-3
Sampling (10/19/12) ......................................................................................................................2-4
Filtering Samples (10/19/12) ..........................................................................................................2-4
Diluting Samples (10/19/12) ...........................................................................................................2-4
Pretreating Samples (4/14/16) ........................................................................................................2-5
Adding and Mixing Reagents (10/19/12) ..........................................................................................2-6
Storing Reagents (10/19/12) ..........................................................................................................2-6
Inserting and Aligning Sample Cells (4/ 2/13 ) ...................................................................................2-7
Performing a Test (10/19/12) .........................................................................................................2-8
Cleaning Sample Cells (10/19/12) ...................................................................................................2-8
PART 3 COLORIMETER OPERATION
The PC App (10/19/12) ........................................................................................................................3-3
Guide to Operating Parts and Controls (10/19/12) ..................................................................................3-3
Battery Installation/Connection to a Power Supply (10/19/12)..................................................................3-4
Keypad (10/19/12) ............................................................................................................................... 3-5
Display (10/19/12) ...............................................................................................................................3-6
Screen Format and Navigation (10/19/12) ..............................................................................................3-6
Icons and Symbols (10/19/12) ..............................................................................................................3-8
Main Menu (10/19/12) .........................................................................................................................3-9
Test Menus (10/19/12) .........................................................................................................................3-10
Initial Start-Up (10/19/12) .....................................................................................................................3-11
vTTi® Colorimeter User’s Manual
PART 3 COLORIMETER OPERATION (cont’d)
Start Test ............................................................................................................................................3 -12
How to Perform a Test (10/19/12) ...................................................................................................3-12
Test Alerts (10/19/12) ....................................................................................................................3 -17
Test Timers and Auto-Read Option (10/19/12) .................................................................................3-17
Adjust Calibration (10/19/12) .......................................................................................................... 3-21
Access Test Data (10/19/12) ................................................................................................................3-24
Edit Favorites (10/19/12) ......................................................................................................................3-26
Edit Series (10/19/12) ..........................................................................................................................3-29
How to Perform a Series Test (10/19/12) ............................................................................................... 3-32
Tools ................................................................................................................................................... 3-35
Data Transfer (10/19/12) ................................................................................................................3-36
User Timer (10/19/12) ...................................................................................................................3-37
Settings (10/19/12) ..............................................................................................................................3-38
Absorbance and Transmittance Tests (10/19/12) ....................................................................................3-42
User-Developed Tests ...........................................................................................................................3-45
Program and Transfer a User-Developed Test (4/19/13) ....................................................................3-45
Edit a User-Developed Test (4/15/13) .............................................................................................. 3-48
Delete a User-Developed Test (4/15/13) ..........................................................................................3-48
Test Instruction Example (4 / 2/13 ) .........................................................................................................3-48
PART 4 USING THE PC APP
Transferring Test Data (4/15/13) ...........................................................................................................4-3
Maintaining a Customer Database (4 / 2/13 ) ...........................................................................................4-4
Updating the PC App, Firmware, and Test Files (4/15/13) ....................................................................... 4-5
Creating User-Developed Tests (4/19/13) ..............................................................................................4-6
Accessing Helpful Links (4 /2 / 13 ) .........................................................................................................4-6
PART 5 MAINTENANCE
Accuracy Check (10/19/12) ..................................................................................................................5-3
Routine Care (4 / 2/13 ) ..........................................................................................................................5-3
Waste Disposal (4 / 21/15) ..................................................................................................................... 5-3
Warranty Information (10/19/12) ........................................................................................................... 5-4
PART 6 BEFORE YOU CALL FOR SERVICE
Error Codes (10/19/12) ........................................................................................................................6-3
Return Policy (10/19/12) ......................................................................................................................6-5
vi TTi® Colorimeter User’s Manual
PART 7 COLORIMETER SPECIFICATIONS
Specifications Summary (4/19/13) ........................................................................................................7-3
PART 8 COMPLIANCE SYNOPSIS
Certification (10/19/12) ........................................................................................................................8-3
Information to the User (10/19/12) ........................................................................................................8-3
viiTTi® Colorimeter User’s Manual
1
Part 1 General Information
Part 1
General
Information
1-1T Ti® Colorimeter User’s Manual
Part 1 General Information
SAFETY AND GENERAL PRECAUTIONS
he TTi® Colorimeter Series User’s Manual and actual test instruction(s) should be read in their entirety
T
before performing the initial setup, running any tests, or customizing the Colorimeter. We recommend
printing a hard copy of this manual for your files. The preprinted Quick-Start Guide supplied with the Colorimeter
summarizes key points in the User’s Manual and is intended to travel with the device for ready reference.
Observe the following precautions:
• Chemical safety:
Reagents for use with the instrument can be hazardous. Read and observe all information printed on reagent
labels and corresponding Safety Data Sheets (SDSs) prior to use. To view or print reagent SDSs, visit the
Product Info/Documents area of our website, www.taylortechnologies.com. You will need to know the
five-character product number signified by “R-XXXXX” on the reagent label and the test instruction. We
recommend printing file copies of the SDSs for all your reagents.
• Keep all reagents out of reach of children.
• Use only Taylor reagents for preprogrammed tests for operator safety and to avoid damage to the instrument.
• Operational requirements:
During operation place the instrument on a stable surface that is reasonably level, or hold in a horizontal
position if used as a handheld device.
• Environmental conditions:
Do not use or store the instrument in environments of extreme temperature or humidity.
Operational temperature range: 32°F–122°F (0°C–50°C)
Operational humidity limit: 90% @ 122°F (50°C) non-condensing
Do not immerse the instrument in water or use or store the instrument in environments with excessive
dust. The instrument has an IP67 environmental protection rating signifying that it is dust-tight and can
survive an accidental immersion in water of up to 1 meter for 30 minutes.
Do not leave the instrument exposed to direct sunlight for a prolonged period.
When not in use, keep the instrument stored in its carrying case.
• Voltage symbol indicates DC voltage. See instrument label.
COLORIMETER DESCRIPTION
The TTi® Colorimeter, manufactured by Taylor Technologies, Inc., is a handheld, multiwavelength,
microprocessor-controlled, menu-driven, direct-readout instrument that employs light-emitting diodes (LEDs)
as light sources. The instrument design combines technical performance with an intuitive user-interface, the
functional attributes most sought by water analysts, and durability. Its portability and data-logging capabilities
make it well suited for use in the field in addition to the laboratory.
FEATURES
• High performance spectral optics:
LEDs are durable and ideally suited for use in portable instruments.
Wavelength filters are used to narrow the bandpass of light emitted from LEDs to obtain accurate,
repeatable results. The instrument contains 6 wavelength filters (420, 470, 520, 570, 620, and 660 nm).
Wavelength filters are specified to provide a wavelength accuracy of ±1 nm and a wavelength bandwidth
of 10 nm ±1 nm. In addition, all filters are manufactured using a process that provides enhanced thermal,
environmental, and spectral stability.
1-3TTi® Colorimeter User’s Manual
Part 1 General Information
• Preprogrammed tests for each model cover the most common tests sought by water analysts.
• Automatic wavelength selection for preprogrammed and user-developed tests.
• Integrated test timers (includes up to 4 preprogrammed test timers with AUTO-Read option) and 1 user
timer for general purposes.
• Test results displayed in concentration units (ppm, ppb, ppt, mg/L, µg/L, g/L), absorbance (ABS), or
transmittance (% T).
• Test results displayed in optional chemical forms (available for most preprogrammed tests).
• ADJUST CALIBRATION option allows adjustment of preprogrammed calibrations.
• Intuitive, easy to navigate user-interface.
• FAVORITES menu allows for a customized test menu to be created and edited.
• SERIES feature allows a group of selected tests to be chosen and performed consecutively in any order.
• Data storage and recall for 100 test results with time and date stamps.
• User-developed test capability allows users to program up to 8 proprietary tests of 12 data points each.
• Free PC App allows users to transfer test results, download test files and firmware, create user-developed
tests, and access helpful links.
• Custom graphical liquid crystal display (LCD) with anti-glare coating provides excellent contrast and
readability.
• Adjustable backlighting permits use in low-light environments; a timeout feature conserves battery life.
• Custom 8-button, silicone rubber keypad combines a soft, tactile feel with superior durability.
• Portable, rugged design that is waterproof and dust-tight.
• Powered by 4 AA batteries or an AC power adapter for connecting to a wall outlet, or a USB cable for
connecting to a PC or laptop (all power supply options are included with the instrument).
OPTIONAL CHEMICAL FORMS
Optional chemical forms for expression of test results are available for most tests. If available, will appear
to the right of the chemical form. When an optional chemical form is selected within a test, the range (or range
upper limit) on the test screen will change to correlate with the selected chemical form, and all subsequent test
results and stored test data will be expressed in terms of the selected chemical form. The selected chemical
form will remain the default for that test until changed by the user.
NOTE: If a new Taylor test file is downloaded using the PC App, the optional chemical forms for all
tests will reset to the default chemical form.
Illustration of optional chemical forms available for testing molybdenum
1-4 TTi® Colorimeter User’s Manual
Part 1 General Information
COMPONENTS AND OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
Your meter purchase includes the following components:
Quantity Part Number Description
1 M-XXXX TTi® Colorimeter (model number on instrument faceplate)
1 5543 Quick-Start Guide
4 6105 AA Alkaline Battery
1 6535 AC Power Adapter
1 6551 Dilution Vial, 50 mL w/ cap
1 6552 USB Cable
4 6649 Foam Brush
2 9601 Sample Cell, 25 mm w/ cap
2 9602 Sample Cell, 15 mm w/ cap
The following optional accessories, viewable on www.taylortechnologies.com, may be purchased separately:
Part Number Description
K-8000 TTI® Colorimeter Series Accuracy Check Kit
714 6 Soft Carrying Case, gray (for use with TTi® 2000 or 3000), 11"w x 7"d x 4.625"h
7203 Replacement Foam Insert (for 7146)
9502 Hard Carrying Case, gray (for use with TTi® 3000), 20"w x 15.625"d x 5.5"h
9504 Hard Carrying Case, blue (for use with TTi® 2000), 20"w x 15.625"d x 5.5"h
9506 Hard Carrying Case, gray (for use with TTi® 2000), 10.75"w x 9"d x 7"h
All components and optional accessories, excluding batteries, as well as reagent packs (see next section), are
available directly from Taylor Technologies or authorized distributors. To order from Taylor, call toll-free
800-TEST KIT (837-8548).
COLORIMETER REAGENT PACKS
Currently available reagent packs for the TTi® 2000 Colorimeter are listed below. Each pack contains
an instruction and all the reagents needed to run the specified test, housed in a snap-fit kit of ABS plastic.
Instructions and kits are sized to fit securely in the optional Hard Carrying Case (#9504 or #9506).
Alternatively, the contents of the reagent packs may be transferred to your existing carrier.
Part Number Description
K-8001 Reagent Pack, Colorimeter, Chlorine (free/total), DPD (powder), 0-4.00, 0-8.0, or 0-10.0 ppm
K-8002 Reagent Pack, Colorimeter, Bromine (total), DPD (powder), 0-10.00 or 0-20.0 ppm
K-8005 Reagent Pack, Colorimeter, Phosphate, 0-3.00 ppm (20-3000 ppb)
K-8009 Reagent Pack, Colorimeter, Iron, 0-4.00 ppm
K-8012 Reagent Pack, Colorimeter, Copper, 0-3.00 ppm
K-8020 Reagent Pack, Colorimeter, Hydrogen Peroxide, 0-2.00 ppm
K-8023 Reagent Pack, Colorimeter, Sodium Chloride (Salt), 0-80 ppm
K-8024 Reagent Pack, Colorimeter, Alkalinity (total), 0-250 ppm
K-8027 Reagent Pack, Colorimeter, pH, 6.50-8.50
K-80 27AB Reagent Pack, Colorimeter, pH (with Acid & Base Demand), 6.50-8.50
K-8029 Reagent Pack, Colorimeter, Hardness (total), 0-500 ppm
K-8030 Reagent Pack, Colorimeter, Hardness (calcium), 0-800 ppm
K-8031 Reagent Pack, Colorimeter, Monopersulfate, 0-10.0 ppm
1-5TTi® Colorimeter User’s Manual
Part 1 General Information
Colorimeter Reagent Packs (cont’d)
K-8032 Reagent Pack, Colorimeter, Cyanuric Acid, 7-120 ppm
K-8034 Reagent Pack, Colorimeter, Manganese, 0-0.80 ppm
K-8035 Reagent Pack, Colorimeter, Nitrate, 0-44 ppm
K-8040 Reagent Pack, Colorimeter, Biguanide, 0-70 ppm
Currently available reagent packs for the TTi® 3000 Colorimeter are listed below. Each pack contains an
instruction and all the reagents needed to run the specified test, housed in a snap-fit kit of ABS plastic.
Instructions and kits are sized to fit securely in the optional Hard Carrying Case (#9502). Alternatively, the
contents of the reagent packs may be transferred to your existing carrier.
Part Number Description
K-8001 Reagent Pack, Colorimeter, Chlorine (free/total), DPD (powder), 0-4.00, 0-8.0, or 0-10.0 ppm
K-8002 Reagent Pack, Colorimeter, Bromine (total), DPD (powder), 0-10.00 or 0-20.0 ppm
K-8003 Reagent Pack, Colorimeter, Molybdenum, 0-3.30 ppm
K-8004 Reagent Pack, Colorimeter, Phosphate, 0-70.0 ppm
K-8005 Reagent Pack, Colorimeter, Phosphate, 0-3.00 ppm (20-3000 ppb)
K-8006 Reagent Pack, Colorimeter, Polymer, 0-20 or 20-500 ppm
K-8007 Reagent Pack, Colorimeter, Silica, 0-60.0 ppm
K-8008 Reagent Pack, Colorimeter, Silica, 0-4.00 ppm
K-8009 Reagent Pack, Colorimeter, Iron, 0-4.00 ppm
K-8 010 Reagent Pack, Colorimeter, Iron (ferrous), 0-3.00 ppm
K- 8 011 Reagent Pack, Colorimeter, Iron (total), 0-0.300 ppm
K-8012 Reagent Pack, Colorimeter, Copper, 0-3.00 ppm
K-8013 Reagent Pack, Colorimeter, Copper (free), 0-0.200 ppm
K-8014 Reagent Pack, Colorimeter, Phosphonate, 0-30.0 ppm
K-8014-A C Reagent Pack w/ accessories, Colorimeter, Phosphonate, 0-30.0 ppm
K-8015 Reagent Pack, Colorimeter, Hydrazine, 0-1.50 ppm
K-8 016 Reagent Pack, Colorimeter, Oxygen Scavenger, 0-1.000, 0-0.700, 0-2.450, 0-2.000, 0-3.000 ppm
K-8017 Reagent Pack, Colorimeter, Manganese, 0-30.0 ppm
K-8018 Reagent Pack, Colorimeter, Boron, 0-2.00 ppm
K-8019 Reagent Pack, Colorimeter, Zinc, 0-3.00 ppm
K-8020 Reagent Pack, Colorimeter, Hydrogen Peroxide, 0-2.00 ppm
K-8021 Reagent Pack, Colorimeter, Nitrite, 0-150 ppm
K-8022 Reagent Pack, Colorimeter, Hardness (total), 0-4.00 ppm
K-8023 Reagent Pack, Colorimeter, Sodium Chloride (Salt), 0-80 ppm
K-8024 Reagent Pack, Colorimeter, Alkalinity (total), 0-250 ppm
K-8025 Reagent Pack, Colorimeter, Sulfide, 0-1.00 ppm
K-8026 Reagent Pack, Colorimeter, Hardness (calcium), 0-4.00 ppm
K-8027 Reagent Pack, Colorimeter, pH, 6.50-8.50
K-80 27AB Reagent Pack, Colorimeter, pH (with Acid & Base Demand), 6.50-8.50
K-8028 Reagent Pack, Colorimeter, Molybdenum, 0-60.0 ppm
K-8029 Reagent Pack, Colorimeter, Hardness (total), 0-500 ppm
K-8030 Reagent Pack, Colorimeter, Hardness (calcium), 0-800 ppm
K-8031 Reagent Pack, Colorimeter, Monopersulfate, 0-10.0 ppm
1-6 TTi® Colorimeter User’s Manual
Part 1 General Information
Colorimeter Reagent Packs (cont’d)
K-8032 Reagent Pack, Colorimeter, Cyanuric Acid, 7-120 ppm
K-8033 Reagent Pack, Colorimeter, Azole, 0-25.0 ppm
K-8033-AC Reagent Pack w/ accessories, Colorimeter, Azole, 0-25.0 ppm
K-8034 Reagent Pack, Colorimeter, Manganese, 0-0.80 ppm
K-8035 Reagent Pack, Colorimeter, Nitrate, 0-44 ppm
K-8036 Reagent Pack, Colorimeter, Turbidity, 10-400 FAU
K-8038 Reagent Pack, Colorimeter, Ammonia-Nitrogen, 0-1.00 ppm
K-8039 Reagent Pack, Colorimeter, Chlorine Dioxide, DPD, 0-8.0 ppm
K-8040 Reagent Pack, Colorimeter, Biguanide, 0-70 ppm
K-8041 Reagent Pack, Colorimeter, BlueTrace (6120), 0-10 mg/L
SUPPLEMENTARY TESTING SUPPLIES
4029 Pipet, Calibrated (0.5 & 1.0 mL), plastic
4078 Pipet, Graduated (3 mL w/ 0.5 mL div), plastic
9198 Sample Tube, Graduated (25 mL) w/ cap, plastic
96 01-3 Sample Cell, 25 mm, 3-pack
9602-3 Sample Cell, 15 mm, 3-pack
6649-4 Foam Brush, 4-pack
6656 UV Light, SteriPEN® (use with all tests requiring UV digestion)
9803 Syringe Filter Start-Up Pack (no filter discs), 60 mL, plastic (contains 6247, 6249, and instruction)
6247 Syringe Filter (no filter disc holder or filter discs), 60 mL, plastic
6260 Syringe Filter (no filter disc holder or filter discs), 30 mL, plastic
6249 Filter Disc Holder, 25 mm, Millipore™, (fits 6247 or 6260) use with filter discs 6261, 6248, 6257
6086-10
6261
6248
6257
6551 Dilution Vial, 50 mL w/ cap, plastic
Filter Discs (w/ individual filter disc holders), 0.45 µm, Millipore™, 10-pack
Filter Discs, 25 mm diameter, 0.45 µm, Millipore™, 100/box
Filter Discs, 25 mm diameter, 5.0 µm, Millipore™, 100/box
Filter Discs, 25 mm diameter, 2.5 µm, Whatman™, 100/box
REGISTRATION
To have full use of the TTi® Colorimeter’s features, you must first register as the owner of record. To begin the
process, go to www.taylorsoftwaresupport.com and enter the site through the TTi® Colorimeter portal. Be
prepared to enter the following information:
• Colorimeter serial number (S/N) - found on the product label on the bottom of the meter
• Owner’s (contact’s) name
• Business name
• Business mailing address
• Contact’s telephone number
• Contact’s e-mail – for notification about important news related to your meter model (e-mail addresses are
not shared with third parties)
Upon completion of the registration process, you will be able to download the TTi® Colorimeter Series PC App to
your computer. For complete information about this software, see Part 3, The PC App, and Part 4 in its entirety.
1-7TTi® Colorimeter User’s Manual
CONTACTING TAYLOR TECHNOLOGIES
General Office: 410-472-4340
Our business hours are 8:00 a.m.–4:45 p.m. (Eastern Time), Monday through Friday,
except major holidays.
Customer Service: 800-TEST KIT (837-8548)
Customer service representatives are available 8:00 a.m.–5:00 p.m. for applicationspecific advice, to open an account, place an order, inquire about order status, or
report a problem with a shipment. If you require more advanced technical assistance,
your call or e-mail will be forwarded to the appropriate resource. You may also leave
us a voice-mail or e-mail message at anytime.
Exchanges and credits are only considered within 30 days of shipment. Please check
your order upon receipt and notify us immediately if there is any problem. To
assure the quality of our chemistries, we do not resell reagents returned to us. For this
reason they cannot be returned for credit, unless the reagents were shipped in error
by Taylor or their quality was compromised before they were shipped. To apply for an
exchange or credit under these mitigating circumstances, you will need to know the
lot number located on the lower left-hand corner of the reagent label.
Part 1 General Information
Technical 800-TEST KIT (837-8548)
Assistance: General assistance for TTi® Colorimeter owners is available Monday through Friday
from 8:00 a.m. – 4:45 p.m. Eastern Time, except major holidays, from Taylor Technologies’ customer service group by calling 800-TEST KIT (837-8548). Outside normal
business hours you may record a message for us by using the same toll-free number,
or you can leave an e-mail message using customerservice@taylortechnologies.com.
877-TEST KIT (837-8548)
Help specifically related to the TTi® Colorimeter Series PC App is available
9:00 a.m.–5:00 p.m. (Pacific Time), Monday through Friday (except major holidays),
from Taylor Technologies’ programmers. Online guidance may be found at
www.taylorsoftwaresupport.com. Enter through the TTi® Colorimeter portal.
E-mail: customerservice@taylortechnologies.com
Fax: 410-771-4291
Mailing Address: Taylor Technologies, Inc.
31 Loveton Circle
Sparks, Maryland 21152
USA
Corporate Website: www.taylortechnologies.com
Here you will find product descriptions, including test instructions, potential interferences, and Safety Data Sheets; video product demonstrations; high- and low-resolution
product photography; and articles of interest to water analysts. While online, you may
apply for an open-terms account, place an order, or post a question for our staff.
Software Website: www.taylorsoftwaresupport.com
This site is dedicated to supporting Taylor software products only. Enter through the
TTi® Colorimeter portal.
1-8 TTi® Colorimeter User’s Manual
2
Part 2 Testing Primer
Testing Primer
Part 2
2-1T Ti® Colorimeter User’s Manual
Part 2 Testing Primer
INTRODUCTION TO COLORIMETRIC ABSORPTION ANALYSIS
Colorimetric absorption analysis, as used in this manual, refers to a technique for determining the concentration of various constituents of a water sample by adding reagents that selectively react with the substance being
analyzed to produce a color then measuring the absorbance of the resulting color to determine the substance
concentration.
Visible light (as opposed to ultraviolet, infrared, etc.) is a type of electromagnetic radiation that can be seen
by the human eye. It consists of wavelengths ranging from approximately 400 to 700 nm. When visible light
passes through a colored solution, certain wavelengths are selectively and strongly absorbed while other
wavelengths pass through without being absorbed. This principle of absorption provides a means for quantification based on the Beer-Lambert Law, which states the concentration of a substance in solution is directly
proportional to both the absorbance and viewdepth of the solution. It is interesting to note the wavelengths
strongly absorbed by a colored solution correspond to colors which are complementary to the color of the
solution. For example, a yellow solution strongly absorbs violet wavelengths, a blue solution strongly absorbs
orange wavelengths, and a red solution strongly absorbs green wavelengths. Many substances in water samples
are colorless, so reagents must be added that selectively react with the analyte to produce a color that will
absorb specific wavelengths of visible light.
Illustration of complementary colors on a color wheel
YELLOW
GREEN
GREEN
YELLOW
BLUE
GREEN
YELLOW
ORANGE
BLUE
ORANGE
BLUE
VIOLET
RED
ORANGE
VIOLET
RED
RED
VIOLET
Taylo r’s T Ti® Colorimeter is an optical instrument for colorimetric absorption analysis which incorporates
light-emitting diodes (LEDs) to produce visible light, wavelength filters to isolate narrow bands of light that
pass through the sample, photoelectric detectors to convert light that passes through the sample into a useable
signal, a signal processor, and software to determine the concentration of a sample. In general, to perform an
instrumental absorption analysis, the instrument is first ZEROED with a blank (usually a sample containing
no reagents) to compensate for inherent color in the sample. Next, a sample containing all necessary reagents
is READ and the concentration is computed and displayed.
BEST PRACTICES
Proper technique is essential for obtaining accurate results when performing a water test. False test results can
lead the analyst into making an incorrect evaluation of the condition of the water, thereby applying the wrong
corrective actions to a system. The following practices will help you obtain reliable test results.
2-3TTi® Colorimeter User’s Manual
Part 2 Testing Primer
SAMPLING
• Use dedicated sample bottles. These bottles should be labeled as such and not used for another purpose.
• Use a sample bottle of sufficient size. If too small, you will not have enough water to perform multiple
tests.
• Rinse the sample bottle and cap well (we recommend three times) with deionized water, distilled water, or
sample water.
• Take a sample that is representative of conditions in the whole system:
Closed Systems - Let the sample stream flow at a constant velocity for at least five minutes before beginning the collection process. If you blow out the line with a higher-than-normal flow, subsequently be sure
to reduce the flow to the normal rate for five minutes before proceeding with sampling.
Open Systems - Chemistry at the surface is atypical as the water is interacting with the air above and
oils and debris may be present. Samples taken near return lines, makeup water inlets, chemical feeders,
or in corners also can be different than in the body-at-large since the water may not have experienced the
same mixing action as in open areas. A sample taken downstream from a tributary or pollution source
will be different from a sample taken upstream. With these considerations in mind, select a representative
location, immerse the sample container bottomside up to about elbow depth, and then turn the container
upright to fill.
• Fill the sample bottle to overflowing. Do not leave any room for air in the bottle.
• Avoid contaminating the sample once collected. Immediately cap the bottle tightly to avoid contamination.
• Do not put any probe into a bottle of sample water that will be used for multiple tests.
• Do not let the sample sit before testing, or it may change its character. Boiler water samples that should be
at room temperature when beginning the test should be promptly cooled in a cold water bath to between
80°F– 90°F (27°C–32°C).
• Dispense sample water into the sample cell until the lowest point of the meniscus sits on the correct fill
mark when viewed at eye level.
• After a sample cell has been filled and capped, hold it by the cap and then wipe off any moisture or
fingerprints on the glass using a clean, lint-free cloth.
FILTERING SAMPLES
Unless otherwise specified, test methods are designed to determine dissolved substances in water samples.
If samples are turbid they may contain suspended solids, algae, or other substances that may interfere in the
test procedure. We recommend using a 0.45 µm membrane filter disc in a syringe-type filter to remove these
substances prior to testing.
DILUTING SAMPLES
Some test procedures specify diluting a sample to adjust the concentration of the analyte to fit the range of
the test. In such cases, the instruction will provide all details for performing the procedure with the dilution
vial supplied with the kit. When a test sample is diluted, the result displayed must be multiplied by a factor
to obtain the concentration of the undiluted analyte. This multiplication factor will be specified in the test
instruction.
Sample dilution also may be required even if a this procedure is not specified in the test instruction. When the
test result is above RANGE, the sample must be diluted using high-purity water and the dilution vial supplied
with the kit. See example display, following.
2-4 TTi® Colorimeter User’s Manual
Part 2 Testing Primer
Illustration of above RANGE alert signaling dilution is necessary
Start with a small dilution and continue to increase the dilution as necessary to bring the concentration of the
analyte into the range of the test. (NOTE: Sample dilution should not be performed when testing pH or after
reagent addition, only before reagent addition.) The following table can be used as a guide.
Sample High-Purity Water Multiplication Factor
Add this volume of
sample to the dilution vial
33 mL 17 mL 1.5
25 mL 25 mL 2
10 mL 40 mL 5
5 mL 45 mL 10
2 mL 48 mL 25
Add this volume of high-purity water to the
dilution vial, cap, and mix thoroughly. Retest this
diluted sample according to the test instructions.
If the test result is now within the range of the test, multiply the result by the multiplication factor listed below to
determine the concentration of the analyte in the undiluted
sample. If the test result is still above RANGE, increase the
dilution and retest.
PRETREATING SAMPLES
Some samples may require digestion in order to test for total metals. To perform a digestion, rst
reduce the sample volume by gently heating and then reuxing to ensure all organometallic bonds
have been broken. Allow the sample to cool and then dilute to a specied volume with deionized
water. Sample digestion will require the following materials:
• ASTM Type I water
• Beaker, 250 mL
• Graduated cylinder, 100 mL
• Hotplate or steam bath
• Hydrochloric acid (high-purity grade)
• Hydrochloric acid solution 1:1
Add 50 mL hydrochloric acid (high-purity grade) to 40 mL ASTM Type I water. Dilute to 100 mL with
ASTM Type I water.
• Nitric acid (high-purity grade)
• Nitric acid solution 1:1
Add 50 mL nitric acid (high-purity grade) to 40 mL ASTM Type I water. Dilute to 100 mL with
ASTM Type I water.
• Ribbed watch glass, 75 mm
• Volumetric flask, 100 mL
• Watch glass, 75 mm
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Part 2 Testing Primer
Procedure:
1. Acidify entire sample using nitric acid solution 1:1 to a pH of less than 2.0. Mix well and let sit for 16
hours. Do not filter sample to remove insoluble materials.
2. Transfer 100 mL of acidified sample water to 250 mL beaker.
3. Working inside a fume hood, add 2 mL nitric acid solution 1:1 and 1 mL hydrochloric acid solution 1:1.
4. Place beaker on hotplate inside a fume hood and cover with ribbed watch glass.
5. Turn on hotplate and evaporate sample to approximately 20 mL being careful not to allow sample to
boil. (This step should take approximately 2 hours.)
6. Carefully remove ribbed watch glass and replace with smooth watch glass.
7. Continue heating and gently reflux sample for 30 minutes. Slight boiling may occur, but avoid vigorous
boiling.
8. After 30 minutes turn off hotplate, carefully remove beaker, and allow beaker to cool to room temperature.
9. Quantitatively transfer sample to 100 mL volumetric flask and dilute to the mark with ASTM Type I
water. Mix well. If insoluble materials remain, the sample may be filtered being careful not to introduce
contamination to the sample.
10. The sample is now ready for testing.
ADDING AND MIXING REAGENTS
A reagent is added to sample water using a dropper bottle with a precisely bored tip, a pipet, or a dipper spoon.
To assure the correct amount of liquid reagent is added to the sample when using a dropper bottle, hold it vertically when dispensing, not at a slant. If static builds up at the dropper tip making the drop size progressively
smaller, eliminate the static by wiping around the tip with a clean, damp cloth or paper towel. When using
a pipet, fill the pipet to the correct mark; then be sure to dispense the entire contents into the sample. When
using a dipper spoon, a gentle tapping action against the rim of the sample cell may be required to dislodge all
the powdered reagent. Cap the sample cell and then swirl the contents, using wrist action, to assure thorough
mixing. Do not shake or invert the sample cell unless specified in the test instruction.
Observe the following precautions:
• To prevent contamination, cap reagents tightly immediately after use and be careful not to exchange bottle
caps.
• Do not substitute another manufacturer’s reagents for Taylor’s.
• Replace reagents that are more than a year old.
• Wipe off spills and soil on the Colorimeter’s exterior with a soft, damp cloth as soon as possible.
• Remove stray fluid from the sample cell compartment with a clean cotton swab.
STORING REAGENTS
Reagents are perishables. The chemicals used with the TTi® Colorimeter will degrade over time, even under
optimum conditions. The process of deterioration speeds up when storage conditions are not ideal. Extremes
of heat and cold, as well as prolonged exposure to air, sunlight, humidity/moisture, and volatile treatment
chemicals, will diminish their useful life.
To preserve freshness, make sure reagent containers are kept tightly closed. When in storage, reagents do best
in a cool, dark place away from drums and bags of treatment chemicals, especially chlorine and bromine. If
you must choose between a hot warehouse (or vehicle trunk) and the refrigerator, opt for the latter for longerterm storage. Keeping reagents in the refrigerator will prolong shelf life; however, once they are taken out, they
2-6 TTi® Colorimeter User’s Manual
Part 2 Testing Primer
should be used because subjecting them to constant fluctuations in temperature will cause them to degrade
faster. Ideal storage temperatures are between 36°F–85°F (2°C–29°C), preferably in an environment without
big temperature swings.
Generally speaking, a reagent’s suitability for testing is suspect if it is over one year old, if it is not its usual
color, if there are floating particles that do not dissolve when shaken, if it has begun to stain its container, or if
it has crusted around the tip of the dropper bottle.
INSERTING AND ALIGNING SAMPLE CELLS
Taylor test procedures use either a 25 mm or 15 mm viewdepth sample cell, depending on which provides the
best combination of sensitivity and useable range. The 25 mm sample cell has greater viewdepth and employs
a screw thread cap. The 15 mm sample cell has less viewdepth and employs a plug cap. Test instructions specify
which sample cell to use.
For the most accurate result, align the sample cell correctly when inserting it in the sample cell compartment.
High-quality sample cells are supplied for use with the instrument but even minor variations in wall thickness
or diameter can cause slight variations in results if sample cells are not inserted in a consistent manner. Use the
following techniques to insert and align the 25 mm and 15 mm sample cells into the sample cell compartment:
25 mm Sample Cell - Partially insert the sample cell into the sample cell compartment. Align the arrow
on the sample cell with the notch on the meter; then gently push the sample cell down (without rotating)
until it rests on the base of the sample cell compartment.
15 mm Sample Cell - Align the raised line on the sample cell cap with the arrow on the sample cell. Insert
the sample cell into the sample cell compartment and align the raised line on the sample cell cap with the
notch on the meter.
raised line
25 mm Sample Cell
notch
15 mm Sample Cell
notch
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Part 2 Testing Primer
PERFORMING A TEST
• Carefully read test instructions before beginning a test. Instructions may change from time to time so it is
particularly important to review the procedure each time a reagent pack is purchased.
• Follow procedure exactly.
• For proper sample volume, be sure the low point of the meniscus sits on the correct fill mark when viewed
at eye level.
• Hold reagent bottles vertically when dispensing liquids.
• Add the precise amount of reagent specified.
• Before inserting a sample cell into the sample cell compartment, hold the sample cell by the cap and wipe
off any moisture or fingerprints on the glass using a clean, lint-free cloth.
• During operation, place the TTi® Colorimeter on a stable surface that is reasonably level. When using it as
a handheld device, keep the meter horizontal.
• Compare your results with the previous results from the sampling location. Do the results make sense?
If you get an inexplicable result, take a new sample and retest. We recommend graphing your data with
statistical process control software to facilitate comparisons.
CLEANING SAMPLE CELLS
Sample cells must be clean inside and out as well as scratch-free to prevent optical interference in the test
procedure.
• Use the foam brush (supplied) or a soft, nonabrasive cloth and water or mild detergent. Rinse thoroughly
with deionized or distilled water. NOTE: Test methods may recommend additional cleaning procedures.
• At least once a week, clean all sampling containers and sample cells with a 1:1 solution of hydrochloric
acid (Taylor reagent R-1305J) and high-purity water.
• Upon completing a test, flush out the sample cell with fresh sample water to avoid having residual
contaminate the next test.
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3
Part 3 Colorimeter Operation
Part 3
Colorimeter
Operation
3-1TTi® Colorimeter User’s Manual
Part 3 Colorimeter Operation
THE PC APP
To use the TTi® Colorimeter to the fullest extent possible, it is necessary to install a special free software
application on your computer. This TTi® Colorimeter Series PC App is required to perform the following
functions:
• Transfer test results from the meter to the customer database you maintain on your PC or laptop
• Keep the meter’s operating software (i.e., firmware) up to date
• Obtain new and improved test files to add to your meter’s capabilities
• Access helpful links for further information and assistance
• Create proprietary (i.e., user-developed) test files
See Part 1, Registration, and Part 4 for complete information.
GUIDE TO OPERATING PARTS AND CONTROLS
Review the following illustrations to become familiar with parts and operating controls.
10
Top Vi ew
Top View
1. Power Button
14
2. Main Menu Button
3. Backlight Button
4. Enter Button, to enter the highlighted function
5. Scroll Up Arrow
6. Scroll Down Arrow
7. Scroll Right Arrow
12
13
11
8. Scroll Left Arrow
9. Liquid Crystal Display
10. USB Port Cover
11. Model Number
9
12. Sample Cell Compartment (shown open)
13. Alignment Notch
2
3
4
1
5
7
14. Sample Cell Compartment Cover
8
6
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Part 3 Colorimeter Operation
Bottom View
7
6
Side View
1
2
Bottom View
1. Product Label, shows model, part, and serial
3
numbers.
2. Timer Buzzer Opening
4
3. Battery Compartment Door Screw, total of 4
4. Battery Compartment Door
5
5. Battery Compartment (shown open)
Side View
6. USB Port (shown open)
7. USB Port Cover
BATTERY INSTALLATION/CONNECTION TO A POWER SUPPLY
The instrument can be powered by batteries, an AC power adapter, or a USB cable, described respectively as
Options A, B, and C below. Use Option A to replace the batteries, as well.
Option A - Battery Installation/Replacement
Turn the instrument off. Remove the battery compartment door and insert 4 AA alkaline (supplied) or lithium
batteries by matching the + and – ends on the batteries to the markings inside the battery compartment.
Replace the battery compartment door.
Replace batteries when the battery status icon indicates a low-battery status or when directed by an error code.
The battery status icon is displayed in the title bar on all screens when the instrument is powered by batteries.
To conserve battery life, adjust the following settings (see Part 3, Settings) to the lowest acceptable option:
• Device Timeout
• Backlight Timeout
• Backlight Level
• Adjust Contrast
3-4 TTi® Colorimeter User’s Manual
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