tams elektronik
Manual
Light Computer
Item no. 53-02015 - 53-02236
For all kits and ready-built modules
of the LC series
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Table of contents
1. Getting started............................................................................3
2. Safety instructions.......................................................................6
3. Safe and correct soldering...........................................................8
4. Operation overview...................................................................10
5. Technical specifications..............................................................17
6. Assembling the kit.....................................................................17
7. Connecting the LC module.........................................................22
8. Connecting the LC-16................................................................28
9. Check list for troubleshooting.....................................................30
10. Guarantee bond........................................................................32
11. EU declaration of conformity......................................................33
12. Declarations conforming to the WEEE directive...........................33
© 12/2015 Tams Elektronik GmbH
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or
transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical,
including photocopying, without prior permission in writing from Tams
Elektronik GmbH.
Subject to technical modification.
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1. Getting started
How to use this manual
This manual gives step-by-step instructions for safe and correct
assembly of the kit and fitting and connecting of the ready-built
module, and operation. Before you start, we advise you to read the
whole manual, particularly the chapter on safety instructions and the
checklist for trouble shooting. You will then know where to take care
and how to prevent mistakes which take a lot of effort to correct.
Keep this manual safely so that you can solve problems in the future. If
you pass the kit or the ready-built module on to another person, please
pass on the manual with it.
Intended use
The LC modules are designed to be operated according to the
instructions in this manual in model building, especially with model
railways. Any other use is inappropriate and invalidates any guarantees.
The LC modules should not be assembled or mounted by children under
the age of 14.
Reading, understanding and following the instructions in this manual
are mandatory for the user.
Caution:
The LC modules contain integrated circuits. These are very sensitive to
static electricity. Do not touch components without first discharging
yourself. Touching a radiator or other grounded metal part will
discharge you.
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Checking the package contents
Please make sure that your package contains:
one kit, containing the components listed in the parts list (page 19)
and one PCB or
one ready-built module,
two socket terminal strips (1 x 3-pole, 1 x 5-pole),
additionally with LC-module 16: one dim switch and one light
sensitive resistor;
a CD (containing the manual and further information).
Required materials
For assembling the kit you need:
an electronic soldering iron (max. 30 Watt) or a regulated soldering
iron with a fine tip and a soldering iron stand,
a tip-cleaning sponge,
a heat-resistant mat,
a small side cutter and wire stripper,
as necessary a pair of tweezers and long nose pliers,
electronic tin solder (0,5 mm. diameter).
In order to connect the module you need wire. Recommended
diameters: > 0,05 mm² for all connections.
You can connect small light bulbs or LEDs (via series resistors) to the 5
outputs of the LC module. Light bulbs, LEDs and series resistors are not
included in the package. For further information on the maximum
number of bulbs or LEDs to be connected to one output see section 7.
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In addition, you possibly need for the following versions of the LCmodules:
LC-module 16: For the connection of accessories with a current
consumption of more than 100 mA to output 1: a monostable relay
1xUm 12 V (e.g. item-no. 84-61010-01) and a protective diode
1N400x, x > 1.
LC-module 18: a loudspeaker (recommended impedance > 32 Ohm,
e.g. item no. 70-03121-01).
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2. Safety instructions
Mechanical hazards
Cut wires can have sharp ends and can cause serious injuries. Watch
out for sharp edges when you pick up the PCB.
Visibly damaged parts can cause unpredictable danger. Do not use
damaged parts: recycle and replace them with new ones.
Electrical hazards
Touching powered, live components,
touching conducting components which are live due to malfunction,
short circuits and connecting the circuit to another voltage than
specified,
impermissibly high humidity and condensation build up
can cause serious injury due to electrical shock. Take the following
precautions to prevent this danger:
Never perform wiring on a powered module.
Assembling and mounting the kit should only be done in closed,
clean, dry rooms. Beware of humidity.
Only use low power for this module as described in this manual and
only use certified transformers.
Connect transformers and soldering irons only in approved mains
sockets installed by an authorised electrician.
Observe cable diameter requirements.
After condensation build up, allow a minimum of 2 hours for
dispersion.
Use only original spare parts if you have to repair the kit or the
ready-built module.
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Fire risk
Touching flammable material with a hot soldering iron can cause fire,
which can result in injury or death through burns or suffocation.
Connect your soldering iron or soldering station only when actually
needed. Always keep the soldering iron away from inflammable
materials. Use a suitable soldering iron stand. Never leave a hot
soldering iron or station unattended.
Thermal danger
A hot soldering iron or liquid solder accidentally touching your skin can
cause skin burns. As a precaution:
use a heat-resistant mat during soldering,
always put the hot soldering iron in the soldering iron stand,
point the soldering iron tip carefully when soldering, and
remove liquid solder with a thick wet rag or wet sponge from the
soldering tip.
Dangerous environments
A working area that is too small or cramped is unsuitable and can cause
accidents, fires and injury. Prevent this by working in a clean, dry room
with enough freedom of movement.
Other dangers
Children can cause any of the accidents mentioned above because they
are inattentive and not responsible enough. Children under the age of
14 should not be allowed to work with this kit or the ready-built
module.
Caution:
Little children can swallow small components with sharp edges, with
fatal results! Do not allow components to reach small children.
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In schools, training centres, clubs and workshops, assembly must be
supervised by qualified personnel.
In industrial institutions, health and safety regulations applying to
electronic work must be adhered to.
3. Safe and correct soldering
Caution:
Incorrect soldering can cause dangers through fires and heat. Avoid
these dangers by reading and following the directions given in the
chapter Safety instructions.
Use a small soldering iron with max. 30 Watt or a regulated
soldering iron.
Only use electronic tin solder with flux.
When soldering electronic circuits never use soldering-water or
soldering grease. They contain acids that can corrode components
and copper tracks.
Insert the component connecting pins into the PCB´s holes as far as
possible without force. The components should be close to the PCB
´s surface.
Observe correct polarity orientation of the parts before soldering.
Solder quickly: holding the iron on the joints longer than necessary
can destroy components and can damage copper tracks or soldering
eyes.
Apply the soldering tip to the soldering spot in such a way that the
part and the soldering eye are heated at the same time.
Simultaneously add solder (not too much). As soon as the solder
becomes liquid take it away. Hold the soldering tip at the spot for a
few seconds so that the solder flows into the joint, then remove the
soldering iron.
Do not move the component for about 5 seconds after soldering.
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To make a good soldering joint you must use a clean and unoxidised
soldering tip. Clean the soldering tip with a damp piece of cloth, a
damp sponge or a piece of silicon cloth.
Cut the wires after soldering directly above the soldering joint with a
side cutter.
After placing the parts, please double check for correct polarity.
Check the PCB tracks for solder bridges and short circuits created by
accident. This would cause faulty operation or, in the worst case,
damage. You can remove excess solder by putting a clean soldering
tip on the spot. The solder will become liquid again and flow from
the soldering spot to the soldering tip.
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4. Operation overview
The Light Computer is controlled by a micro controller. The program
stored in the micro controller controls the five outputs of the module.
Sequence and timing are different with the various versions.
The LC module has a switching input (JP2) which has effects on the
program sequence with some versions. Depending on the version and
the input connected to earth or not
the program finishes after one cycle or is repeated endlessly;
the one or the other version of the program will be displayed.
LC-1 "Advertising light 1": The five outputs are switched on one
after the other, blink together three times and are switched off
afterwards. If the input JP2 is switched to earth, the light sequence
switches off after the completion of the program. If the input remains
open, the program repeats continuously.
LC-2 "Advertising light 2": The five outputs are switched on and off
one after the other (running light sequences) and afterwards are
switched on commonly for approx. 3 seconds. If the input JP2 is
switched to earth, the light sequence switches off after the completion of
the program. If the input remains open, the program repeats
continuously.
LC-3 "Advertising light 3": At the start the five outputs are briefly
switched on and off apparently without any system and afterwards are
switched on commonly for approx. 3 seconds. If the input JP2 is
switched to earth, the light sequence switches off after the completion of
the program. If the input remains open, the program repeats
continuously.
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LC-4 "Building site flasher": At the five outputs a running light
sequence is created. If the input JP2 is switched to earth, the light
sequence switches off after the completion of the program. If the input
remains open, the program repeats continuously.
LC-5 "Flickering flame": At the five outputs an irregular light pattern
is created. If red and yellow bulbs are connected, the appearance of a
flickering flame results. If the input JP2 is switched to earth, the light
sequence switches off. If the input remains open, the program repeats
continuously.
LC-6 "Welding light": At each of the five outputs short and strong
light impulses are created, interrupted by breaks at irregular intervals.
Please note: The breaks can last for several minutes! The patterns are
different at all outputs, which allows you to connect several "work
places". The effect is most realistic when blue LEDs are connected to
the outputs. If the input JP2 is switched to earth, the light sequence is
interrupted. If the input remains open, the program repeats
continuously.
LC-7 "Traffic light control": Traffic light control for a complete
intersection. Outputs 1 and 2 are red and green for direction A, outputs
4 and 5 are red and green for direction B. Output 3 is the amber for
both and overlaps with red when changing to green, as common e.g. in
Germany, Great Britain, Austria, Hungary, Switzerland, Poland,
Lithuania, Norway and Sweden. If the input JP2 is switched to earth,
the traffic lights switch to flashing amber a nd simulte a traffic light out of
order, as common e.g. in Germany, Austria, Hungary, Switzerland and
Poland. If the input remains open, the traffic lights operate
continuously.
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LC-8 "Advertising light 4": Fusion of the advertising lights 1 to 3,
coming on one after the other. If the input JP2 is switched to earth, the
light sequence switches off after the completion of the active part of
the program. If the input JP2 is switched to earth, the light sequence is
interrupted. If the input remains opens, the program is repeated
constantly.
LC-9 "Ignition module for gas lamps": If the input JP2 is given a
short electric pulse (earth), the gas lamps start to flicker and grow
brighter gradually. Every ignition process is slightly different. After
approx. 5 seconds the gas lamps reach their maximum brightness.
During operation, the lamps flicker now and then at different times
(variations of gas pressure). After the switch-off impulse, (when the
input JP2 is given a short electric pulse) all lamps shine on with
moderate brightness and go off completely in approx. 1.5 seconds.
LC-10 "Fluorescent tube simulator: If the input JP2 is given a short
electric pulse (earth), the different fluorescent tubes flicker for a moment
before all of them light one after the other - just like the real thing. The
turning on pattern is a little different for each. If the input JP2 is switched
to earth shortly, the light switches off. When the input is switched to
earth permanently, a defective tube is simulated on output 1. This tube
flickers at irregular intervals, at times brightening quickly, at times slowly.
LC-11 "Occupied house": Two different programs are available.
Program 1, "Home", starts if the input JP2 is switched to earth,
Program 2, "Office", if the input remains opens. The programs take
approximately 15 minutes and are repeated after a short pause.
Program 1: First the light in the kitchen (output 1) goes on for a while,
followed a bit later by the living room (output 2). Output 3 is assigned for
connecting a blue light bulb (the TV set), which flickers like a television
picture. Some time later the light in the kitchen switches off, and goes on
again once during the program flow. The light in the bathroom (output 4)
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goes on for a short time at irregular intervals. By the end of the program
the lights in the bedroom (output 5) and in the bathroom go on for some
time, the bulbs connected to outputs 2 and 3 switch off.
Program 2: In the entrance-hall (output 1) the light goes on for a short
time at irregular intervals. The offices (or the flats in a multiple family
dwelling) are connected to the outputs 2 to 5. The lights in the offices
go on one after the other, but only after the light in the entrance hall
has previously been switched on. By the end of the program the lights
in the offices switch off one after the other and each time the light in
the entrance hall goes on for a short time.
LC-12 "Fairground attraction illumination": Each of the 5 outputs
can control several connected light bulbs, which form different patterns:
they flash in changing sequences, form running lights, flicker irregularly
etc. The input JP2 has no function in this version.
LC-13 "Candlelight simulator": After switching on the module the
"candles" start to flicker - just like the real thing. At irregular intervals
they brigthen and dim. The input JP2 has no function in this version.
LC-14 "Signal tower box light": The 5 outputs switch at random the
connected bulbs or LEDs. These light for a while and simulate the
activities in a signal tower box. If the input JP2 is switched to earth, the
light sequence is interrupted. If the input remains open, the program
repeats continuously.
LC-15 "Emergency vehicle light": The bulbs / LEDs connected to
the 5 outputs make 2 short flashes and then go off for a short time.
The breaks between the double flashes are of varing duration for the
five outputs. This way the characteristic light pattern for modern
emergency vehicles is created. If the input JP2 is switched to earth, the
light sequence is interrupted. If the input remains open, the program
repeats continuously.
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LC-16 "Dim switch for street lamps": The input JP2 is switched on
and off automatically via a light sensitive switch. The sensitivity of the
switch is set via a trimpot.
Four outputs are designed for the connection of street lamps. The street
lamps are getting brighter gradually after being switched on and obtain
their maximum brightness after about one minute. Additional accessories
(e.g. house lightings) which are intended to be switched depending on
the ambient lighting can be connected to output 1 via a relay.
The circuit responds to changes of the ambient lighting with a delay of
some seconds. While the street lamps are getting brighter after being
switched on and some seconds after being switched off, the circuit does
not respond to changes of the ambient lighting.
LC-17 "Speed trap": The output 1 controls the speed trap, which
flashes at irregular intervals (from approx. 3 to 25 seconds). The outputs
2 to 5 are assigned for connecting the flash lights of police cars. The
outputs 2 and 3 produce an asynchronous double flashing light (for
modern police cars), the outputs 4 and 5 an asynchronous flashing light
(for older police cars). The input JP2 has no function in this version.
Tip: The effect of the light patterns is most realistic when a white LED with
high luminosity is connected to the output 5, blue LEDs are connected to
the outputs 2 and 3 and small blue bulbs to the outputs 4 and 5.
LC-18 "Vehicle lighting": Via the switching input JP2 you can set
the following programs: "moving vehicle" (with the input open) or
"standing vehicle" (with the input switched to earth).
Assignment of the outputs:
1: Flashing lights on the left
2: Flashing lights on the right
3: Interior light (standing vehicle) or horn (moving vehicle)
4: Front lights
5: Back lights / brake lights
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In the program "moving vehicle": The front and back lights are always
switched on. It is possible to connect a loudspeaker as a horn (not
included) to output 3, the volume can be reduced by connecting a series
resistor (approx. 10 to1 k). The flashing lights on the left and the
right, the horn and the stop lights are switched on and off at random.
After the stop lights having been lighted the flasher is switched on,
afterwards the stop lights and a little bit later the flasher are switched off.
In the program "standing vehicle": The front and back lights are
switched on most of the time. Now and again the flashing lights on the
left and the right, the warning flasher and the interior light are switched
on. After the interior light having been lighted the front and back lights
and then the interior light are switched off. Afterwards all lights are
switched off for a period.
LC-19 "Paparazzi flash": The photographer´s flash lights are
connected to the five outputs of the module. They flash at random
independently from each other. At irregular intervals flashlight
thunderstorms break when all flashlights are used nearly simultaneously
and several times close together. Using white LEDs creates a very
realistic effect. The input JP2 has no function in this version.
LC-20 "Roadworks vehicle": The module´s five outputs control the
lighting of a complete roadworks vehicle including a trailer. Assignment
of the outputs:
1: Lane indication arrow of the trailer
(gets slowly brighter and then darker)
2: Flash lights of the trailer
3 and 4: Warning flasher of the service vehicle
5: Double flash light
The input JP2 has no function in this version.
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LC-21 "Funfair flow effect lighting 1": The 5 outputs generate a
light flow sequence. After the first run through the output 5 stays on, after
the second run through the output 4, and so on, so that after 5 cycles all
connected lamps or LEDS are switched on. With the cycles 6 to 10 the
outputs are switched off in reverse order. If the input JP2 is switched to
earth, the light sequence switches off after the completion of the active part
of the program. If the input remains open, the program is repeated
constantly.
LC-22 "Funfair flow effect lighting 2": The five outputs generate a
light flow sequence. After being switched off, the outputs continue to glow
for a short time. In the first cycle one output stays on and one continues to
glow, in the second run through two outputs stay on and two continue to
glow and finally, in the third cycle three outputs stay on and two continue to
glow. If the input JP2 is switched to earth, the light sequence switches off
after the completion of the active part of the program. If the input remains
open, the program is repeated constantly.
LC-23 "Funfair flow effect lighting 3": The five outputs generate a
running light sequence, which changes the running direction at random.
If the input JP2 is switched to earth, the light sequence switches off
after the completion of the active part of the program . If the input
remains open, the program is repeated constantly.
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5. Technical specifications
Supply voltage 10 – 18 Volt a.c. or d.c. voltage
Current consumption (without
connected devices) approx.
20 mA
Max. total current 500 mA
Number of outputs 5
Max. current per output 100 mA
Number of switching inputs 1
Protected to IP 00
Ambient temperature in use 0 ... +60 °C
Ambient temperature in storage -10 ... +80 °C
Comparative humidity allowed max. 85 %
Dimensions of the PCB (approx.) 25 x 30 mm
Weight of the circuit (approx.) 3 g
6. Assembling the kit
You can skip this part if you have purchased a ready-built module.
Preparation
Put the sorted components in front of you on your workbench.
The separate electronic components have the following special features
you should take into account in assembling:
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Resistors
Resistors reduce current.
The value of resistors for smaller power ratings is indicated
through colour rings. Every colour stands for another
figure.
Carbon film resistors have 4 colour rings. The 4th ring
(given in brackets here) indicates the tolerance of the
resistor (gold = 5 %).
Value: Colour rings:
1 k brown - black - red (gold)
10 k brown - black - orange (gold)
Electrolytic capacitors
Electrolytic capacitors are often used to store energy. In
contrast to ceramic capacitors they are polarized. The
value is given on the package.
Electrolytic capacitors are available with different voltage
sustaining capabilities. Using an electrolytic capacitor with
a voltage sustaining capability higher than required is
always possible.
Diodes and Zener diodes
Diodes allow the current to pass through in one direction
only (forward direction), simultaneously the voltage is
reduced by 0,3 to 0,8 V. Exceeding of the limit voltage
always will destroy the diode, and allow current to flow in
the reverse direction.
Zener diodes are used for limiting voltages. In contrast to "normal"
diodes they are not destroyed when the limit voltage is exceeded.
The diode type is printed on the package.
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Transistors
Transistors are current amplifiers which convert low signals into
stronger ones. There are several types in different package forms
available. The type designation is printed on the component.
Transistors for a low power rating (e.g. BC types, BS
types) have a package in form of a half zylinder (SOTpackage).
The three pins of bipolar transistors (e.g. BC, BD and BT
types) are called basis, emitter and collector (abbreviated
with the letters B, E, C in the circuit diagram).
Integrated circuits (ICs)
Depending on the type, ICs fulfil various tasks. The most
common housing form is the so-called "DIL"-housing, from
which 4, 6, 8, 14, 16, 18 or more "legs" (pins) are
arranged along the long sides.
ICs are sensitive to damage during soldering (heat,
electrostatic charging). For that reason in the place of the
ICs IC sockets are soldered in, in which the ICs are
inserted later.
Microcontrollers
Microcontrollers are ICs, which are individually programmed for the
particular application. The programmed controller are only available
from the manufacturer of the circuit belonging to it.
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PCB layout and parts list
Resistors R1 - R5 10 k
R6, R8 1 k
Diodes D1 1N400x,
x=2...7
D3 1N4148
Zener diode D2 ZD 5,1 V
Electrolytic
capacitors
C1, C2 100 µF/25 V
Transistors T1 - T5 BC547B
Micro-controller IC1 12F508A-I/P
IC-socket IC-1 8-pole
Solder pins JP2 1-pole
JP1 / JP4 3-pole
JP3 5-pole
LC-16 only:
Dim switch DS-1
Light sensitive resistor R11
Assembly
Proceed according to the order given in the list below. First solder the
components on the solder side of the PCB and then cut the excess wires
with the side cutter. Follow the instructions on soldering in section 3.
Caution: Several components have to be mounted according to
their polarity. When soldering these components the wrong way
round, they can be damaged when you connect the power. In the
worst case the whole circuit can be damaged. At the best, a wrongly
connected part will not function.
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1. Resistors Mounting orientation of no importance.
2. Diodes, Zener
diodes
Observe the polarity!
The negative end of the diodes is marked with
a ring. This is shown in the PCB layout.
3. IC socket Mount the socket that way, the marking on the
socket shows in the same direction as the
marking on the PCB board.
4. Electrolytic
capacitors
Observe the polarity!
One of the two leads (the shorter one) is
marked with a minus sign.
5. Transistors Observe the polarity!
The cross section of transistors for a low
power rating in SOT-packages is shown in the
PCB layout.
6. Solder pins
7. IC Insert the IC into the soldered socket.
Do not touch the IC without first discharging
yourself by touching a radiator or other
grounded metal parts.
Do not bend the "legs" when inserting it into
the socket. Check that the markings on the
PCB, the socket and the IC show to the same
direction.
Performing a visual check
Perform a visual check after the assembly of the module and remove
faults if necessary:
Remove all loose parts, wire ends or drops of solder from the PCB.
Remove all sharp wire ends.
Check that solder contacts which are close to each other are not
unintentionally connected to each other. Risk of short circuit!
Check that all components are polarised correctly.
When you have remedied all faults, go on to the next part.
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7. Connecting the LC module
Connect the power supply, the light bulbs, LEDs or other accessories
and if neccessary switches or push-buttons, according to the following
list and connecting diagrams, to the LC module. Follow the appended
instructions below as well.
For the connection of the cables (except JP2) you find socket terminal
strips included in the package. You can plug them onto the pin strips on
the PCB and can remove them any time.
JP1 Power supply (10-18 V)
Check the polarity when connecting the module to
d.c. voltage. With a.c. voltage the polarity is of no
importance.
3-pole
JP4 Return conductor for the outputs 1 to 5
JP2 Switching input 1-pole
JP3 Outputs 1 to 5 | Max. current per output: 100 mA 5-pole
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Use of the switching input JP2
According to the version you can control the program flow or choose
one of two different program variants via the switching input JP2.
According to the version and to the intended mode of operation you
can use switches, push-buttons or fixed solder connections. With some
versions JP2 has no function.
LC version Function of JP2
LC-12, LC-13, LC-17,
LC-19, LC-20
No effects on the program flow.
LC-1, LC-2, LC-3,
LC-4, LC-5, LC-6,
LC-8, LC-14, LC-15,
LC-21, LC-22, LC-23
JP2 open à endless repeat.
JP2 is connected to earth* à The cycle will be
ended after the end of the program.
LC-7 JP2 open à standard operation.
JP2 is connected to earth* à Traffic lights
switch to flashing amber.
LC-9 JP2 is connected to earth for a short time (e.g.
by the switching impulse of a push-button)
à program will be started / finished.
LC-10 JP2 is connected to earth for a short time (e.g.
by the switching impulse of a push-button)
à program will be started / finished.
JP2 is connected to earth à defective
fluorescent tube at output 5.
LC-11 JP2 connected to earth à "Home".
JP2 open à "Office".
LC-16 JP2 designed for the connection of a dim
switch.
LC-18 JP2 connected to earth à "standing vehicle".
JP2 open à "moving vehicle".
* e.g. by closing a switch
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Connecting light bulbs
As a rule you can connect one or two bulbs to one output. Bulbs are
not polarized. Connect one side to the output, the other to the return
conductor.
Caution: The maximum current of 100 mA per output should not
be exceeded. In this case the output would be damaged. For that
reason strictly uphold the specification of the current consumption
(given in mA) on the bulb´s socket or it´s packaging.
Connecting LEDs
You can connect several LEDs in parallel or serial (in series) to one
output (see following sections). Which version fits better depends
amongst others from the mounting situation.
LEDs are polarized. Connect the cathode (-) to the output and the
anode (+) to the return conductor. With wired versions the anode (+)
has the longer "leg", with SMD versions the cathode (-) is marked (e.g.
by a reamed corner or a paint mark).
Caution: LEDs always have to be connected via a series resistor,
otherwise they will be damaged when put into operation. Advice
concerning choosing a series resistor "Parallel / Serial connection of→
LEDs".
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Parallel connection of LEDs
With a parallel connection each LED has to be connected via it´s own
series resistor to the output. The total current at the output results
from summing up the current of each single LED.
The current consumption of one LED depends on the value of the series
resistor. The higher the value, the lower is the current and the more
LEDs can be connected to one output. But, the LEDs light the darker,
the higher you choose the series resistor´s value.
Caution: The maximum current of 100 mA per output should not
be exceeded. In this case the output would be damaged.
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Examples for parallel connection of LEDs:
Power supply Series
resistors
Current per
LED
max. number
of LEDs
per output
transformer (~) | 12 V 1,5 kOhm 10 mA 10
transformer (~) | 12 V 820 Ohm 20 mA 5
transformer (~) | 15-16 V 2,2 kOhm 10 mA 10
transformer (~) | 15-16 V 1 kOhm 20 mA 5
transformer (~) | 18 V 2,7 kOhm 10 mA 10
transformer (~) | 18 V 1,2 kOhm 20 mA 5
The calculation of the series resistors is based on the following formula:
series resistor [kOhm] = power supply [V] / current [mA]
Note: The operating voltage with a.c. transformers is approx. 1,4 times the nominal voltage
given on the transformer. With d.c. power packs the operating voltage corresponds to the
given nominal voltage.
Serial connection of LEDs
With a serial connection all LEDs have to be connected (in series) via
one series resistor to the output. The current consumption of the LEDs
depends on the value of the series resistor. The higher the value, the
lower is the current. But, the LEDs are dimmer, the higher you choose
the series resistor´s value.
The number of LEDs you can connect in series depends on the transformer
´s nominal voltage and the colour of the LEDs. When connecting too many
LEDs, the voltage is not sufficient and the LEDs do not light.
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Examples for serial connection of LEDs:
Nominal voltage
transformer (~)*
1
Operating
voltage *1 appr.
Forward voltage
of the LED*
2
Max. number of
LEDs*
3
per output
12 V 17 V 2 V 7
4 V 3
16 V 22 V 2 V 10
4 V 4
18 V 25 V 2 V 11
4 V 5
*1 Nominal voltage and operating voltage: The operating voltage with a.c. transformers is
approx. 1,4 times the nominal voltage given on the transformer. With d.c. power packs the
operating voltage corresponds to the given nominal voltage.
*2
The forward voltage of white and blue LEDs is approx. 4 V, differing coloured LEDs approx. 2 V.
*3 Tolerance and / or voltage fluctuations in practice often cause the calculated operating
voltage not being available. For that reason it is recommended to connect one LED less than
possible in theory.
Calculate the necessary series resistor as follows:
nec. RV [Ohm] = ( UB [V] – UF [V] x n
LED
) / (IF [mA] x 0,001)
U
B
= operating voltage| U
F
= forward voltage of the LED
n
LED
= number of LEDs | I
F
= current with max. luminance
Example: Connection of 2 blue and 3 red LEDs with using a 18 V a.c.
transformer. Designated current: 20 mA:
nec. RV = (25 V – 4 V x 2 – 2 V x 3) / (20 mA x 0,001) = 550 Ohm
We choose the next resistor´s value which is provided as a standard,
which means a resistor of 560 Ohm. If using a resistor with a higher
value the current of the LEDs would be reduced and the LEDs would
light less brightly.
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Tip: Connecting many LEDs to one LC module
If you want to connect a great number of LEDs to one LC module (e.g.
with advertising lights or funfair lights), best connect them as follows:
Connect so many LEDs in series as possible with the available
operating voltage. When using an a.c. transformer of 18 V you can
connect 7 white or blue or 11 different coloured LEDs in series.
Reduce the current by using a series resistor as far as the LEDs´
brightness still matches your ideas.
Connect further "chains" of LEDs switched in series in parallel to the
same output. Take care not to exceed the max. current of 100 mA.
When limiting the current of each single "chain" to 10 mA, you can
connect 10 chains in parallel to one output.
You can do the same with the other 4 outputs. Based on our example
you can connect:
5 x 10 x 7 = 350 white or blue LEDs or
5 x 10 x 11 = 550 different coloured LEDs to one module!
8. Connecting the LC-16
Connecting the dim switch (LC-16)
Connect the dim switch and the light sensitive resistor according to the
connection diagram. The light sensitive resistor has to be placed that
way it is exposed to the ambient light. In order to set the sensitivity of
the dim first set the trim pot to mid-position and change the sensitivity
as far as necessary. The circuit requires 3 or 4 seconds to react.
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RL Relay
D3 Diode, 1N400x, x = 2...7
DS-1 Dim switch
R11 Light depending resistor
Ausgang 1 Additional accessories
Ausgang 2-5 Street lamps
Connecting an additional load (LC-16)
With the LC-16 the output 1 is designed for the connection of additional
accessories (e.g. houses´ lightings), to be switched on via the dim switch
commonly with the street lamps connected to the outputs 2 to 5.
Accessories with a current consumption of max. 100 mA can be
connected directly, accessories with a higher current consumption have
to be connected via a monostable relay 1xUm 12 V (e.g. item no. 8461010-01) and a diode (see connection diagram).
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9. Check list for troubleshooting
Parts are getting too hot and/or start to smoke.
Disconnect the system from the mains immediately!
Possible cause: one or more components are soldered incorrectly.
à In case you have mounted the module from a kit, perform a
visual check (à section 6.) and if necessary, remedy the faults.
Otherwise send in the module for repair.
The lamps connected to the module do not light.
Possible cause: one or more components are soldered incorrectly.
à Perform a visual check.
Possible cause: A switch connected to the module is closed. à Check
the position of switches.
Possible cause: The bulbs or LEDs are defective. Check the
bulbs / LEDs.
Possible cause: The LEDs are connected falsely polarized. Check
the LEDs´polarity.
Possible cause: One or more outputs have been damaged due to
overload. Send in the module for repair.
Possible cause: With a serial connection too many LEDs have been
switched in series. Decrease the number of LEDs or increase the
voltage supply.
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Hotline: If problems with your module occur, our hotline is pleased to
help you (mail address on the last page).
Repairs: You can send in a defective module for repair (address on the
last page). In case of guarantee the repair is free of charge for you.
With damages not covered by guarantee, the maximum fee for the
repair is the difference between the price for the ready-built module
and the kit according to our valid price list. We reserve the right to
reject the repairing of a module when the repair is impossible for
technical or economic reasons.
Please do not send in modules for repair charged to us. In case of
warranty we will reimburse the forwarding expenses up to the flat rate
we charge according to our valid price list for the delivery of the
product. With repairs not covered by guarantee you have to bear the
expenses for sending back and forth.
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10. Guarantee bond
For this product we issue voluntarily a guarantee of 2 years from the
date of purchase by the first customer, but in maximum 3 years after
the end of series production. The first customer is the consumer first
purchasing the product from us, a dealer or another natural or juristic
person reselling or mounting the product on the basis of selfemployment. The guarantee exists supplementary to the legal warranty
of merchantability due to the consumer by the seller.
The warranty includes the free correction of faults which can be proved
to be due to material failure or factory flaw. With kits we guarantee
the completeness and quality of the components as well as the function
of the parts according to the parameters in not mounted state. We
guarantee the adherence to the technical specifications when the kit
has been assembled and the ready-built circuit connected according to
the manual and when start and mode of operation follow the
instructions.
We retain the right to repair, make improvements, to deliver spares or
to return the purchase price. Other claims are excluded. Claims for
secondary damages or product liability consist only according to legal
requirements.
Condition for this guarantee to be valid, is the adherence to the
manual. In addition, the guarantee claim is excluded in the following
cases:
if arbitrary changes in the circuit are made,
if repair attempts have failed with a ready-built module or device,
if damaged by other persons,
if damaged by faulty operation or by careless use or abuse.
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11. EU declaration of conformity
This product conforms with the EC-directives mentioned below
and is therefore CE certified.
2004/108/EG on electromagnetic. Underlying standards: EN 55014-1
and EN 61000-6-3. To guarantee the electromagnetic tolerance in
operation you must take the following precautions:
Connect the transformer only to an approved mains socket installed
by an authorised electrician.
Make no changes to the original parts and accurately follow the
instructions, connection diagrams and PCB layout included with this
manual.
Use only original spare parts for repairs.
2011/65/EG on the restriction of the use of certain hazardous
substances in electrical and electronic equipment (ROHS). Underlying
standard: EN 50581.
12. Declarations conforming to the WEEE directive
This product conforms with the EC-directive 2012/19/EG on
waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE).
Don´t dispose of this product in the house refuse, bring it to the next
recycling bay.
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Information and tips:
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http://www.tams-online.de
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Warranty and service:
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Tams Elektronik GmbH
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Fuhrberger Straße 4
DE-30625 Hannover
n
fon: +49 (0)511 / 55 60 60
fax: +49 (0)511 / 55 61 61
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e-mail: modellbahn@tams-online.de
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