Tait TBCK4B Users Manual

DRAFT 4

TB9400 base station

Installation and Operation Manual Draft in Progress

MBC-00001-01 Issue 1 September 2011

DRAFT 4

Contact Information

Tait Radio Communications Corporate Head Office

Tait Electronics Limited P.O. Box 1645 Christchurch New Zealand

For the address and telephone number of regional offices, refer to our website: www.taitradio.com

All information contained in this document is the property of Tait Electronics Limited. All rights reserved. This document may not, in whole or in part, be copied, photocopied, reproduced, translated, stored, or reduced to any electronic medium or machine-readable form, without prior written permission from Tait Electronics Limited.

The word TAIT and the TAIT logo are trademarks of Tait Electronics Limited.

All trade names referenced are the service mark, trademark or registered trademark of the respective manufacturers.

Disclaimer

There are no warranties extended or granted by this document. Tait Electronics Limited accepts no responsibility for damage arising from use of the information contained in the document or of the equipment and software it describes. It is the responsibility of the user to ensure that use of such information, equipment and software complies with the laws, rules and regulations of the applicable jurisdictions.

Enquiries and Comments

If you have any enquiries regarding this document, or any comments, suggestions and notifications of errors, please contact your regional Tait office.

Updates of Manual and Equipment

In the interests of improving the performance, reliability or servicing of the equipment, Tait Electronics Limited reserves the right to update the equipment or this document or both without prior notice.

Intellectual Property Rights

This product may be protected by one or more patents or designs of Tait Electronics Limited together with their international equivalents, pending patent or design applications, and registered trade marks: NZ409837, NZ409838, NZ508806, NZ 508807, NZ 509242, NZ509640, NZ509959, NZ 510496, NZ 511155, NZ511421, NZ516280/NZ 519742, NZ 520650/ NZ537902, NZ521450, NZ 522236, NZ 524369, NZ524378, NZ524509, NZ 524537, NZ 524630, NZ530819, NZ534475, NZ 534692, NZ 535471, NZ537434, NZ546295, NZ 547713, NZ 569985, NZ577009, NZ579051, NZ 579364, NZ 580361, AU2003281447, AU2004216984, AU2005267973, AU11677/2008, AU13745/2008, CN200930004200.4, CN 200930009301.0,

CN1031871, CN1070368, EU 000915475-0001, EU000915475-0002, GB 2386010, GB 23865476, GB2413249, GB2413445, US 5745840, US 7411461, US7649893, US10/523952, US 10/546696, US10/ 546697, US10/547964, US 10/597339, US11/572700, US29/306491, US61/218015, US 61/236663, US61/ 238769, US61/251372.

This product may also be made under license under one or more of the following U.S. Patents: 4,590,473 4,636,791 4,716,407 4,972,460 5,146,497 5,148,482 5,164,986 5,185,795 5,185,796 5,271,017 5,377,229 5,502,767. The IMBE™ voice coding Technology embodied in this product is protected by intellectual property rights including patent rights, copyrights and trade secrets of Digital Voice Systems, Inc. This voice coding Technology is licensed solely for use within this Communications Equipment. The user of this Technology is explicitly prohibited from attempting to decompile, reverse engineer, or disassemble the Object Code, or in any other way convert the Object Code into a human-readable form. Protected by U.S. Patents 5,870,405 5,826,222 5,754,974 5,701,390 5,715,365 5,649,050 5,630,011 5,581,656 5,517,511 5,491,772 5,247,579 5,226,084 and 5,195,166.

Environmental Responsibilities

Tait Electronics Limited is an environmentally responsible company which supports waste minimization, material recovery and restrictions in the use of hazardous materials.

The European Union’s Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) Directive requires that this product be disposed of separately from the general waste stream when its service life is over. For more information about how to dispose of your unwanted Tait product, visit the Tait Electronics WEEE website at

www.taitradio.com/weee. Please be environmentally

responsible and dispose through the original supplier, or contact Tait Electronics Limited.

Tait Electronics Limited also complies with the Restriction of the Use of Certain Hazardous Substances in Electrical and Electronic Equipment (RoHS) Directive in the European Union.

In China, we comply with the Measures for Administration of the Pollution Control of Electronic Information Products. We will comply with environmental requirements in other markets as they are introduced.

2 TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

DRAFT 4

Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Scope of Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Document Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Associated Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Publication Record . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

1 Description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

1.1 Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

1.2 Modules. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

1.3 Mechanical Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

1.4 Frequency Bands and Sub-bands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

1.5 Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

1.6 Licenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

1.7 Theory of Operation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

1.7.1 Signal Paths. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

1.7.2 Online and Offline Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

1.7.3 Intermodule Communications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

1.7.4 Power Management and Distribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

1.7.5 PMU Operation on DC Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

1.7.6 Front Panel Fans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

2 General Safety and Regulatory Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

2.1 Personal Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

2.1.1 Unpacking and Moving the Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

2.1.2 Lethal Voltages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

2.1.3 AC Power Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

2.1.4 Explosive Environments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

2.1.5 Proximity to RF Transmissions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

2.1.6 High Temperatures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

2.1.7 LED Safety (EN60825-1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

2.2 Equipment Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

2.2.1 Installation and Servicing Personnel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

2.2.2 Preventing Damage to the PA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

2.2.3 ESD Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

2.2.4 Anti-tampering Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

2.3 Environmental Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

2.3.1 Operating Temperature Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

2.3.2 Humidity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

2.3.3 Dust and Dirt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

2.4 Regulatory Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

2.4.1 Distress Frequencies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

2.4.2 FCC Compliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

2.4.3 Unauthorized Modifications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual 3 © Tait Electronics Limited September 2011

DRAFT 4

2.4.4 Health, Safety and Electromagnetic Compatibility in Europe. . . . . . . . 34

3 Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

3.1 Front Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

3.2 Module Indicator LEDs and Switches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

3.2.1 Reciter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

3.2.2 PA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

3.2.3 PMU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

4 Working with Base Stations from Your PC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

4.1 PC Recommendations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

4.2 Connecting Your PC to the Base Station. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

4.2.1 Logging In . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

4.2.2 Setting the IP Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

4.2.3 Responding to Security Warnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

4.2.4 Connecting a Networked PC to a Base Station. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

4.2.5 Troubleshooting Connection Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

4.2.6 Finding a Lost or Forgotten IP Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

4.3 Working with the Web Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

4.3.1 Monitoring Operation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

4.3.2 Viewing Configuration Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

4.3.3 Viewing the Base Station and Network Identity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

4.4 Basic Tasks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

4.4.1 User Settings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

4.4.2 Taking the Base Station Offline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

4.4.3 Troubleshooting Alarms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

4.4.4 Working with Configuration Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

4.4.5 Configuring Single Base Stations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

4.4.6 Configuring Base Stations in a Channel Group. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

4.4.7 Setting Up Custom Alarms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

4.4.8 Disabling the Front Panel Keypad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

4.4.9 Preparing to Download Firmware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

5 Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63

5.1 Before You Begin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63

5.1.1 Equipment Security. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63

5.1.2 Grounding and Lightning Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63

5.1.3 Equipment Ventilation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64

5.1.4 Ambient Temperature Sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64

5.1.5 Cabinet and Rack Ventilation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

5.2 Unpacking and Moving the Subrack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

5.3 Identifying the Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

5.4 Initial Setting Up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

5.4.1 Confirming Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

5.4.2 Customizing the Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

5.4.3 Changing the Root Password . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74

5.4.4 Tuning the Reciter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74

4 TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

DRAFT 4

5.5 Installing the Base Station on Site . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

5.5.1 Base Stations for Trunked Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

5.5.2 Equipment Required. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

5.5.3 Mounting the Subrack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

5.6 Connecting Up the Base Station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

5.6.1 Connection Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

5.6.2 Connecting AC Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

5.6.3 Connecting DC Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

5.6.4 Connecting the Auxiliary DC Power Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

5.6.5 Connecting RF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84

5.6.6 Connecting an External Frequency Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

5.6.7 Connecting a 1PPS Source . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86

5.6.8 Ethernet Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86

5.6.9 Connecting General Purpose Inputs and Outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87

6 Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89

7 Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91

8 Replacing Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93

8.1 Saving the Base Station’s Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94

8.2 Preliminary Disassembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95

8.3 Replacing a Reciter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97

8.4 Replacing a Power Amplifier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

8.5 Replacing a Power Management Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101

8.6 Replacing the Front Panel Fans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102

8.7 Replacing the Module Guide Rails . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105

8.8 Replacing the Subrack Interconnect Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106

8.9 Final Reassembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107

Appendix A – Interface Pin Allocations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .109

System Interface Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109

Ethernet Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109

PMU Auxiliary DC Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109

Appendix B – Inter-Module Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .111

Dual 50W Base Station. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111

Single 50W Base Station. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112

100W Base Station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113

TaitNet P25 Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .115

Tait Software License Agreement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129

TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual 5 © Tait Electronics Limited September 2011

DRAFT 4

Preface

Scope of Manual

This manual provides information on installing and operating the TB9400

base station. It is intended for use by experienced technicians familiar with

installing and operating base station equipment. It also includes configuration, maintenance and troubleshooting information.

Document Conventions

The TB9400 base station has a web interface with an accordion menu on the left side of the screen. “Configure > Base Station > Channels” means click Configure in the top-level menu, then in the expanded Configure menu click the + icon beside Base Station to expand its menu tree, and finally click Channels in this menu tree to display its page.

These alert icons & definitions will change.

Within this manual, four types of alerts are given to the reader: Warning, Caution, Important and Note. The following paragraphs illustrate each type of alert and its associated symbol.

Warning!! This alert is used when there is a potential risk

of death or serious injury.

Caution This alert is used when there is a risk of minor or

moderate injury to people.

Important This alert is used to warn about the risk of equipment dam-

age or malfunction.

Note This alert is used to highlight information that is required to

ensure procedures are performed correctly.

6Preface TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

DRAFT 4

Associated Documentation

The current set of TB9400 product documentation is provided in PDF format on the product DVD. Updates are made available on the Tait support website. Printed copies of the documentation are available on request.

■ TB9400 Specifications Manual (MBC-00002-xx).

■ TaitNet P25 System Manual (MBA-00032-xx).

■ T801-4 GPS Frequency Reference Installation and Operation Manual

(MBA-00033-xx).

Technical notes are published from time to time to describe applications for Tait products, to provide technical details not included in manuals, and to offer solutions for any problems that arise. The product DVD includes technical notes that were available at the time of release. Look for new or updated technical notes on the Tait support website.

Publication Record

Issue Publication Date Description

1 First release

TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Preface 7 © Tait Electronics Limited September 2011

DRAFT 4

8Preface TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

DRAFT 4

1 Description

The Tait TB9400 base station is a robust state-of-the-art digital fixed station that combines Tait’s proven strengths in reliability, high performance and modular design with software-based configurability and operation, digital signal processing and voice-over-IP technology.

The base station is designed for operation in a Project 25 trunked or trunked simulcast radio network. The ability of the base station to link stations using standard Internet Protocol communications, and to add features through software options ensures that P25 systems designed with the TB9400 are scalable in both size and functionality.

The base station combines industry-leading digital voice quality with rugged design specifications and intuitive user interfaces. These products have been designed to meet the demanding needs of the public safety and public service sectors.

Its Ethernet interface provides built-in network connectivity, allowing the TB9400 to join with other TB9400 base stations to form a channel group. This network supports voice over IP and remote management of all base

stations via a web browser.

TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Description 9 © Tait Electronics Limited September 2011

DRAFT 4

1.1 Features

The following are some of the features of the base station:

■ Fully compliant with the Project 25 Common Air Interface. Can

■ Integrated built-in voting facility. No external voter is needed.

■ Can be completely managed remotely from a PC running a web

■ An integrated wiring solution is provided for the system control bus and

■ Reciters can be replaced without affecting the operation of other reciters

■ Rugged construction with generous heatsinks and fan-forced cooling for

therefore interoperate with any similarly compliant radios.

browser: configuration, alarm monitoring, fault diagnosis, feature and firmware upgrades.

DC power connections to each module in the subrack.

in the same subrack.

continuous operation from – 30° C to + 60° C (– 22° F to + 140° F).

10 Description TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

DRAFT 4

1.2 Modules

The base station consists of a subrack with up to two transmit/receive channels.

The single PMU (power management unit) supplies and manages power to the whole subrack (refer to “Theory of Operation” on page 19). One reciter and one PA (power amplifier) are needed for each transmit/receive channel. There is also a front panel with user controls and fans. The modules are interconnected at the front of the subrack. External connections to the modules are located at the rear.

Modules come in different variants depending, for example, on the RF band or the supply voltage.

Each module is inserted into the 4 U subrack from the front and is secured at the front with a metal clamp. Both clamp and module are easily removed for rapid module replacement. The modules are secured laterally with plastic guides that clip into the top and bottom of the subrack. These guides can be easily repositioned to change the configuration of a subrack. The heavier modules are also secured laterally by metal tabs at the rear of the subrack.

The following provides a brief description of the available modules.

Reciter The reciter module comprises the

receiver, exciter and digital control circuitry. The reciter provides the Ethernet interface and system inputs and outputs.

TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Description 11 © Tait Electronics Limited September 2011

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Power Amplifier The PA amplifies the RF output from the reciter and is available in 50 W

and 100 W models.

The 50 W model mounts vertically in the subrack, while the 100 W model mounts horizontally as it has a wider heatsink. The 100 W PA is also fitted with an airflow duct.

50 W PA 100 W PA

Both models are designed to operate on the 28 VDC output provided by the PMU.

Power Management Unit

The PMU provides the 28 VDC power supply for the modules in the subrack. The input voltage can be AC, DC or both AC and DC, depending on the model. The PMU also has an auxiliary DC output of 13.65 VDC,

27.3 VDC, or 54.6 VDC, depending on the model.

AC and DC PMU shown

12 Description TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

DRAFT 4

Front Panel The front panel is mounted onto the subrack with two quick-release

fasteners. It incorporates the indicator LEDs, four-line LCD display, user controls and cooling fans.

The indicator LEDS allow some monitoring of the operational status of the

base station. The user controls and display allow the technician to configure

the IP address of each module. Refer to “Front Panel” on page 36 for more information.

Note The microphone input and speaker are not used in this release of

the TB9400.

Subrack The 4 U subrack is made of passivated steel and is designed to fit into a

standard 19 inch rack or cabinet. The subrack is fitted with an interconnect board that connects the system control bus and power to the modules and front panel. The position of a module in the subrack is defined by the socket on the subrack interconnect board to which the module is connected by the system control bus.

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1.3 Mechanical Assembly

This section illustrates the main mechanical components of the base station.

Figure 1.1 below shows the configuration for a typical dual 50 W base

station. The PMU occupies the slot at the left end of the subrack, with the

reciter and PA pairs to the right of it. Each PA is mounted vertically with its heatsink facing its associated reciter. The PMU and each reciter/PA pair have their own cooling fans.

The front panel can be easily removed from the subrack by undoing two quick-release fasteners. Refer to “Replacing Modules” on page 93 for more details.

Figure 1.1 Mechanical assembly - dual 50 W base station with front panel

b front panel i reciter 1 c subrack j module retaining clamp d PMU 1) subrack interconnect board e PA 2 1! plastic guide rail f reciter 2 1@ subrack interconnect board retaining clamp g cable retaining clip 1# front panel fastener h PA 1

14 Description TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

DRAFT 4

Figure 1.2 below shows the configuration for a typical single 50 W base

station. The PMU occupies its usual slot at the left end of the subrack, with

the reciter and PA pair at the right of the subrack. The PA is mounted vertically with its heatsink facing the reciter. The PMU and the reciter/PA pair have their own cooling fans.

Figure 1.2 Mechanical assembly - single 50 W base station

b PMU d reciter c 50 W PA e subrack

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Figure 1.3 below shows the configuration for a typical 100 W base station.

The PMU occupies its usual slot at the left end of the subrack, with the PA directly beside it. The reciter occupies the slot at the right of the subrack. Unlike the 50 W PAs, the 100 W PA is mounted horizontally with the heatsink facing upwards. It is also fitted with an airflow duct to channel the airflow from the cooling fan through the heatsink fins.

Figure 1.3 Mechanical assembly - single 100 W base station

b PMU e reciter c PA f subrack d airflow duct g cable retaining clip

16 Description TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

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1.4 Frequency Bands and Sub-bands

The first release of the base station operates only on K band. Later releases will support operation on other frequency bands.

Frequency Identification Frequency Band and Sub-band

K band K4 = 762 MHz to 870 MHz

a. The actual frequency coverage in this band is:

Transmit: 762 MHz to 776 MHz, and 850 MHz to 870 MHz Receive: 792 MHz to 824 MHz

1.5 Applications

The TB9400 is designed for operation in a TaitNet P25 trunked radio network. It can operate as a single base station or as part of a channel group or simulcast channel group, and as a traffic channel or control channel.

In a trunked simulcast network, the transmitters in the channel group are synchronized and transmit simultaneously on the same frequency. Each transmitter needs a highly accurate 1 PPS pulse and an external frequency reference, so that it can time transmissions with the required accuracy. We also recommend using an NTP server at each site, as this will ensure a common timestamp in logs across all units in the system.

For more information, refer to the TaitNet P25 System Manual.

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1.6 Licenses

Some operational functions of the base station are controlled by licenses. These functions will not work unless you purchase the appropriate feature license and enable the feature set controlled by that license. The feature sets currently available are listed below.

P25 Common Air Interface

P25 Trunking Operation

Networking with Centralized Voter

Simulcast Transmitter

Simulcast Modulation

Allows the base station to go into Online mode. Base stations are always provided with this license.

Allows a base station to participate in a trunking system. Without this feature, the base station cannot provide a control or a status connection to a trunking site controller and it cannot function as a control or traffic channel.

Allows the base station to act as a central voter within its channel group. This feature also allows voice networking. Only base stations that will centrally vote (normally the central voter and its backup) need this feature. The other members of the channel group only need the networking with distributed voter feature. A standard trunked base station (standalone without fill-in repeaters or other channel group members) can function as a master or a failsoft repeater without this license.

This feature is required in base stations that have transmitters and belong to a simulcast network.

Allows the base station to transmit using the LSM modulation scheme. This scheme is designed to minimize performance degradation in simulcast channels caused by delay spread.

Failsoft for P25 Trunking

Allows trunked channels that become isolated from a site controller to perform simple conventional operation and to interface to a digital dispatch system. If a trunked channel consists of several base stations in a channel group, only the central voter (normally the master) needs this license. It is then able to become the failsoft repeater for that channel group.

Phase 2 Operation (not yet available)

18 Description TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

This feature will allow the base station to operate in trunking mode using two-slot TDMA as defined by the P25 Phase 2 standard.

DRAFT 4

1.7 Theory of Operation

The reciter receives RF signals from its RF input and sends RF from its RF output to the PA, along with a PA key signal. The PA sends an RF feedback signal to the reciter for linearization and power control purposes. The reciter also receives signals from, and sends signals to, the system interface, the Ethernet interface, and the front panel (see Figure 1.4).

A system control bus interconnects the modules and carries alarm and control signaling between the reciter and the other modules.

The Ethernet interface carries voice over IP and also allows maintainer access via a web browser.

Figure 1.4 Base station high-level diagram

AC Input

DC Input

*optional for non-simulcast systems

PMU

28VDC

RF To

Antenna

System Control Bus

RF + PA Key

RF Feedback

RF From

Antenna

1PPS*

Reciter

Front Panel

External

Reference

Frequency*

System Input and Output

Ethernet Interface to Network

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DRAFT 4

The reciter carries out signal processing and has overall control of the base

station. It has four boards, as shown in Figure 1.5.

Figure 1.5 Reciter boards

RF Input

RF Output

RF Input

(feedback from PA)

Receiver

Board

Transmit Forward

Board

Transmit

Reverse

Board

Reciter

Control

Board

Front Panel

System Input and Output

Ethernet Interface to Network

Maintainer Access

The receiver board contains all the receiver circuitry, while the exciter circuitry is located on the transmit forward board.

The reciter control board converts information between analog and digital and controls the maintainer’s access via the front panel. It performs the air interface signal processing for digital P25 mode, gives the base station an identity as a network element, and provides the physical connections for the Ethernet and system interfaces.

20 Description TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

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1.7.1 Signal Paths

Figure 1.6 gives an overview of signal paths within the reciter.

Figure 1.6 Reciter signal paths

Receive RF Interface

ADC

DDC

Demodulator

Transmit RF Interface

(feedback from PA)

DAC

ADC

Cartesian

Loop

P25

Modem

Modulator

Protocol

Reciter Control Board

Stack

Control

RTP

UDP

Ethernet Interface

Digital P25 signals from the receive RF interface pass through the digital receiver and P25 modem to the control software in the RISC processor. The control software passes the signal through the Ethernet interface to the site controller, or to the central voter in a simulcast system.

Input to the Ethernet interface can be from the site controller, or from the central voter in a simulcast system. These inputs are processed by the RISC and passed through the P25 modem to the transmitter. If the base station is itself a central voter, this input can also be a received signal, which is voted on and sent back through the Ethernet interface to the site controller.

1.7.2 Online and Offline Modes

The base station normally operates in Online mode, but you can put it into Offline mode via its web interface.

Online Mode In Online mode, the base station performs its normal functions.

Offline Mode When you program the base station or run invasive diagnostic tests, the base

station must be in Offline mode. This takes the base station out of service.

However, the front panel is still operational and can be used in the normal way.

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1.7.3 Intermodule Communications

A system control bus and a subrack interconnect board link the modules in the subrack and carry alarm and control signaling between the reciter and the other modules, as shown in Figure 1.7.

Figure 1.7 Intermodule communication paths

PMU

Fan

Reciter 1/

PA 1 Fan

User

Controls

Reciter 2/

PA 2 Fan

Front Panel

PMU

I C Current

Source

Fan

μP

Subrack Interconnect Board

I C

Reciter 1

μP

RS-485

PMU Fan

PA 1

μP

RS-485I C

PA Fa n

Fan

FanFan

PA 2

μP

Reciter 2

RS-485RS-485

μP

22 Description TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

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1.7.4 Power Management and Distribution

The PMU manages the supply of power to ensure uninterrupted operation of the base station. A range of parameters is monitored and these can trigger alarms that are sent to the reciter. Alarms can be monitored via the web interface, and are also recorded in the reciter’s internal log file.

AC to DC Changeover

When the PMU has an AC and a DC module, the base station can be powered by either the AC (mains) or the DC (battery) supply. The base

station will default to the AC supply if both supplies are provided. If the AC

supply becomes unavailable, a seamless changeover from the AC to DC supply takes place, providing that the battery voltage is above the configured minimum. You can use a web browser to check whether the base station is running on battery or mains power.

DC Operation When the base station is running off the DC supply and the battery voltage

falls below the configured minimum, the base station will enter battery protection mode to protect the battery and base station equipment. The standby power supply card maintains the power to the PMU microprocessor, while the rest of the PMU is shut down. When the battery voltage rises to the configured startup setting, power is resumed to the DC supply. Refer to

“PMU Operation on DC Input” on page 25 for more detailed information.

Auxiliary Power Control

Distribution Figure 1.8 shows how power is distributed to modules in the subrack. The

The output from the auxiliary power supply board can be used to power other site equipment. The maximum output is 40 W.

28 VDC output from the PMU is fed directly to the 100 W PA and 50 W PA1, and to the other modules via the subrack interconnect board. Power to the reciters and front panel is current-limited by self-resetting fuses on the subrack board.

The AC converter has a series switch which breaks the phase input to the converter. The DC input, however, has much higher current ratings. Its switch does not disconnect power from the DC converter itself, but disables the converter by switching off its control circuitry.

The outputs from both the AC and DC high power converters are added together and fed to the modules via the high-current outputs. The auxiliary output is also tapped off this summed output.

DRAFT 4

Figure 1.8 Subrack power distribution for single and dual base stations

Single

Dual

DC AC

Aux. DC 28V

PMU

28V

PA Reciter

DC AC

PMU

28V

Subrack

Board

Front Panel

Subrack

Board

PA 1 PA 2 Reciter 1

Reciter 2

Front

Panel

24 Description TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

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1.7.5 PMU Operation on DC Input

The operation of the PMU on DC input is controlled by three sets of parameters:

■ user-programmable alarms

■ user-programmable startup and shutdown limits

■ battery protection limits

The voltage range for each of these parameters is provided in Table 1.1 on

page 26. Figure 1.9 on page 27 illustrates how these parameters interact, and

how they control the operation of the PMU over a range of DC input voltages.

Alarms User-programmable alarms can be set for low or high battery voltage

(Configure > Alarms > Thresholds). The alarms will be triggered when the set voltage levels are reached. These limits are subject to the tolerances of the battery protection circuitry, as stated in “Battery Protection (Fail-safe) Limits” in Table 1.1.

Startup and Shutdown Limits

Battery Protection Limits

The user-programmable startup and shutdown limits allow for adjustable startup and shutdown voltages (Configure > Base Station > Miscellaneous). These limits can be adjusted for different numbers of battery cells, or for the particular requirements of the base station operation. Once the limits are reached, the PMU will shut down. These limits are subject to the tolerances of the battery protection circuitry, as stated in “Battery Protection (Fail-safe) Limits” in Table 1.1.

Important It is possible to set the startup voltage of the base station

below the nominal voltage of the battery. Continuing to use a battery for extended periods when it is below its nominal voltage will severely shorten its service life. For more infor mation on battery management, we recommend that you consult the battery manufacturer.

The battery protection limits are set in hardware at the factory, and cannot be adjusted by the user. These limits will not be reached under normal operation conditions, but are provided as “fail-safe” measures to protect the battery from deep discharge. They also remove the need for low-voltage disconnect modules.

DRAFT 4

Table 1.1 PMU DC voltage limits

Parameter

User-programmable Alarms

Low Battery Voltage High Battery Voltage

User-programmable Limits

Startup Voltage (after shutdown) Shutdown Voltage

Battery Protection (Fail-safe) Limits

Startup Voltage Undervoltage Shutdown Overvoltage Shutdown Overvoltage Shutdown Reset

a. The information in this table is extracted from the Specifications Manual. Refer to the latest issue of this manual

for the most up-to-date and complete PMU specifications.

b. Using the base station’s web interface.

c. These limits are subject to the tolerances of the battery protection circuitry.

Voltage Range

12 V PMU 24 V PMU 48 V PMU

10 V to 14 V 14 V to 17.5 V

10.9 V to 15 V ± 0.3 V 10 V to 13.5 V ± 0.3 V

10.8 V +

9.5 V +

18.1 V +0.3 V

17.1 V +

0.2 V

0.3 V

20 V to 28 V 28 V to 35 V

21.8 V to 30 V ± 0.3 V 20 V to 27 V ± 0.3 V

21.6 V + 19 V +

36.2 V +0.5 V

34.2 V +

0.5 V

40 V to 56 V 56 V to 70 V

43.6 V to 60 V ± 0.3 V 40 V to 54 V ± 0.3 V

43.2 V + 1 V

38 V +

72.4 V +1 V

68.4 V +

1 V

26 Description TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

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Figure 1.9 PMU alarm thresholds and voltage limits when operating on DC

Time

DC Input Voltage

Overvoltage Shutdown (HW)

Overvoltage Shutdown Reset (HW)

High Battery Voltage Alarm (SW Alarm)

Startup Voltage (SW)

Startup Voltage (HW)

Shutdown Voltage (SW)

Undervoltage Shutdown (HW)

Low Battery Voltage Alarm (SW Alarm)

30s delay 30s delay 30s delay

Run

Hardware Behaviour

Stop

Run

Software Control &

Hardware Combined

Stop

Software Alarm

Off

Active

Software Alarm

(Low Battery Voltage)

Off

Active

(High Battery Voltage)

DRAFT 4

1.7.6 Front Panel Fans

The front panel is equipped with three fans. One fan is for the PMU and the other two are for the reciter/PA pairs in a 50 W base station, or for the PA and reciter in a 100 W base station. Front panel fans do not operate continuously but are switched on and off as needed by the reciter firmware. Each reciter controls the fan it shares with its PA, and reciter 1 also controls the PMU fan. Under certain conditions the PMU and each PA can override the reciter and assume control of its own fan.

Front panel fans are 3-wire fans (power, ground, and rotation detect). The reciter can monitor whether the fans are rotating and generate an alarm if the fan fails.

The fans turn on for a few seconds when the base station is powered up, and also after the front panel is refitted to a base station which is powered up.

Configuring Fan Control

The operation of the PA fan is configurable via the web interface; you can specify the threshold temperature at which the fan will be turned on, and set the fan to operate only when the PA is transmitting.

The PMU fan has fixed on/off thresholds and a defined set of duty cycles based on the PMU temperature, as described in the following table:

PMU Temperature Fan Duty Cycle

<149 °F (65 °C) Increases as the load on the PMU

increases

149-167 °F (65-75 °C) On for two minutes, off for one minute

>167 °F (75 °C) Always on

28 Description TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

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2 General Safety and Regulatory

Information

This chapter provides general information on safety precautions for operating the base station.

2.1 Personal Safety

2.1.1 Unpacking and Moving the Equipment

To prevent personal injury and equipment damage, we recommend that two people unpack and move the equipment.

Caution A subrack complete with modules can weigh up to

2.1.2 Lethal Voltages

Warning!! The PMU contains voltages that may be lethal.

The equipment must be installed so that the rear of the PMU is located in a service access area which is accessible only by qualified personnel. The PMU must be connected to the mains supply source by qualified personnel in accordance with local and national regulations.

55 lb (25 kg), or up to 62 lb (28 kg) complete with packaging. We recommend that you have another person help you unpack and move the equipment. The TBAA03-16 carrying handles will make it easier to move the equipment once it has been unpacked. If necessary, remove the modules from the subrack before moving it (refer to “Replacing Modules” on

page 93). In all cases follow safe lifting practices.

Refer to the ratings label on the rear of the module.

Disconnect the mains IEC connector and wait for five minutes for the internal voltages to self-discharge before dismantling. The AC power on/off switch does not isolate the PMU from the mains. It breaks only the phase circuit, not the neutral.

The PMU should be serviced only by qualified technicians. There are no user-replaceable parts inside. If the PMU is damaged and does not function

TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual General Safety and Regulatory Information 29 © Tait Electronics Limited September 2011

DRAFT 4

properly, stop the module safely and contact your regional Ta it office immediately.

All servicing should be carried out only when the PMU is powered through a mains isolating transformer of sufficient rating.

2.1.3 AC Power Connection

English (en) The PMU must be connected to a grounded mains

Norsk (no) Apparatet må tilkoples jordet stikkontakt.

Suomi (fi) Laite on liitettävä suojamaadoitus-koskettimilla

Svenska (sv) Apparaten skall anslutas till jordat uttag.

socket-outlet.

varustettuun pistorasiaan.

2.1.4 Explosive Environments

Warning!! Do not operate the equipment near electrical

blasting caps or in an explosive atmosphere. Operating the equipment in these environments is a definite safety hazard.

2.1.5 Proximity to RF Transmissions

Do not operate the transmitter when someone is standing within 3 ft (90 cm) of the antenna. Do not operate the transmitter unless you have checked that all RF connectors are secure.

2.1.6 High Temperatures

Take care when handling a PMU or PA which has been operating recently. Under extreme operating conditions (+ 140° F [+60° C] ambient air temperature) or high duty cycles, the external surfaces of the PMU and PA can reach temperatures of up to + 176° F (+ 80° C).

2.1.7 LED Safety (EN 60825-1)

This equipment contains Class 1 LED Products.

30 General Safety and Regulatory Information TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

+ 102 hidden pages

Tait TBCK4B Users Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

Installation and Operation Manual Draft in Progress

Contents

Preface

Scope of Manual

Document Conventions

Associated Documentation

Publication Record

1 Description

1.1 Features

1.2 Modules

1.3 Mechanical Assembly

1.4 Frequency Bands and Sub-bands

1.5 Applications

1.6 Licenses

1.7 Theory of Operation

1.7.1 Signal Paths

1.7.2 Online and Offline Modes

1.7.3 Intermodule Communications

1.7.4 Power Management and Distribution

1.7.5 PMU Operation on DC Input

1.7.6 Front Panel Fans

2.1 Personal Safety

2.1.1 Unpacking and Moving the Equipment

2.1.2 Lethal Voltages

TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual General Safety and Regulatory Information 29 © Tait Electronics Limited September 2011

2.1.3 AC Power Connection

2.1.4 Explosive Environments

2.1.5 Proximity to RF Transmissions

2.1.6 High Temperatures

2.1.7 LED Safety (EN 60825-1)