This guide is intended to support administrators responsible for understanding, configuring and maintaining the Wireless
Switch. This document provides information for the system administrator to use during the initial setup and configuration of
the system. It also serves as a reference guide for the administrator to use while updating or maintaining the system.
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Document Conventions
NotesNotes are displayed in blue text and indicate a tip or requirement.
GUI Screen TextIndicates monitor screen dialog/output from the graphical user interface accessed from any web
browser on the network.
System Overview
The WS 2000 Wireless Switch provides a low-cost, feature-rich option for sites with one to six Access Ports. The WS 2000
Wireless Switch works at the center of a network’s infrastructure to seamlessly and securely combine wireless LANs
(WLANs) and wired networks. The switch sits on the network. Wireless Access Ports connect to one of the six available
ports on the switch and the external wired network (WAN) connects to a single 10/100 Mbit/sec. WAN port.
Mobile units (MUs) associate with the switch via an Access Port. When an MU contacts the switch, the switch cell controller
services attempt to authenticate the device for access to the network.
The WS 2000 Wireless Switch acts as a WAN/LAN gateway and a wired/wireless switch.
Management of Access Ports
This wireless switch provides six 10/100 Mbit/sec. LAN ports for internal wired or wireless traffic. Four of these ports
provide IEEE 802.3af-compliant Power over Ethernet (PoE) support for devices that require power from the Ethernet
connection (such as Access Ports). Administrators can configure the six ports to communicate with a private LAN or with an
Access Port for a wireless LAN (WLAN). The switch provides up to four extended service set identifiers (ESSIDs) for each
Access Port connected to the switch.
Product Overview 1-3
Firewall Security
The LAN and Access Ports are placed behind a user-configurable firewall that provides stateful packet inspection. The
wireless switch performs network address translation (NAT) on packets passing to and from the WAN port. This combination
provides enhanced security by monitoring communication with the wired network.
Wireless LAN (WLAN) Security
Administrators can configure security settings independently for each ESSID. Security settings and protocols available with
this switch include:
•Kerberos
•WEP-40
•WEP-128
•802.1x with RADIUS
•802.1x with Shared Key
•KeyGuard
•WPA
•WPA2/CCMP
VPN Security
Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) are IP-based networks that use encryption and tunneling to give users remote access to a
secure LAN. In essence, the trust relationship is extended from one LAN across the public network to another LAN, without
sacrificing security. A VPN behaves similarly to a private network; however, because the data travels through the public
network, it needs several layers of security. The WS 2000 Wireless Switch acts as a robust VPN gateway.
WS 2000 Wireless Switch System Reference Guide1-4
Hardware Overview
The WS 2000 Wireless Switch provides a fully integrated solution for managing every aspect of connecting wireless LANs
(WLANs) to a wired network. This wireless switch can connect directly to a cable or DSL modem, and can also connect to
other wide area networks through a Layer 2/3 device (such as a switch or router). The switch includes the following features:
•One WAN (RJ-45) port for connection to a DSL modem, cable modem, or any other Layer 2/3 network device.
•Six 10/100 Mbit/sec. LAN (RJ-45) ports: four ports provide 802.3af “Power over Ethernet” (PoE) support; the other two
do not provide power.
•Each port has two LEDs, one indicating the speed of the transmission (10 or 100 Mbit/sec.), the other indicating whether
there is activity on the port. The four LAN ports with PoE have a third LED that indicates whether power is being
delivered over the line to a power device (such as an Access Port). (See the WS 2000 Wireless Switch LED explanation
for more information on the meaning of the different state of the LEDs.)
•A DB-9 serial port for direct access to the command-line interface from a PC. Use Symbol’s Null-Modem cable (Part No.
25-632878-0) for the best fitting connection.
•A CompactFlash slot that provides AirBEAM
Technical Specifications
®
support.
Physical Specifications
•Width: 203 mm
•Height: 38 mm
•Depth: 286 mm
•Weight: 0.64 kg
Power Specifications
•Maximum Power Consumption: 90-256 VAC, 47-63 Hz, 3A
•Operating Voltage: 48 VDC
•Operating Current: 1A
•Peak Current: 1.6A
Environmental Specifications
•Operating Temperature: 0ºC to 40ºC
•Storage Temperature: -40ºC to 70ºC
•Operating Humidity: 10% to 85% Non-condensing
•Storage Humidity: 10% to 85% Non-condensing
•Operating Altitude: 2.4 km
•Storage Altitude: 4.6 km
WS 2000 Wireless Switch LED Functions
The switch has a large blue LED on the right front that indicates that the switch is powered on.
Each port on the WS 2000 Wireless Switch has either two or three LEDs that indicate the status of the port. Ports 1-4, which
supply 802.3af Power over Ethernet (PoE), have three LEDs. The remaining two non-powered LAN ports and the WAN port
have two LEDs.
LocationFunction
Upper left LEDThis LED is present on all ports and indicates the speed of the transmissions through the
port. The LED is on when the transmission rate is 100 Mbit per second (100BaseT). The
light is off when the transmission rate is 10 Mbit per second.
Upper right LEDThis LED indicates activity on the port. This light is solid yellow when a link to a device is
made. The light flashes when traffic is being transferred over the line.
Lower LEDThis LED is only present on Ports 1-4. These ports provide 802.3af Power over Ethernet
(PoE) support to devices (such as Access Ports). The LED has several states:
OFF—A non-power device (or no device) is connected; no power is being delivered.
GREEN—The switch is delivering 48 volts to the power device connected to that port.
RED—There was a valid PoE connection; however, the switch has detected that the power
device is faulty. The red light will remain until a non-faulty connection is made to the port.
Product Overview 1-5
WS 2000 Wireless Switch System Reference Guide1-6
Software Overview
The WS 2000 Wireless Switch software provides a fully integrated solution for managing every aspect of connecting
Wireless LANs (WLANs) to a wired network, and includes the following components:
Operating System (OS) Services
Operating System (OS) Services determine how the WS 2000 Wireless Switch communicates with existing network and
operating system-centric software services, including:
•Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)
•Telnet and File Transfer Protocol (FTP/TFTP) servers
•The Simple Network Time Protocol (SNTP) client, used to keep switch time synchronized for Kerberos authentication
•A mechanism for setting up a redundant (secondary) switch that takes over if the primary switch fails
Cell Controller Services
The Cell Controller provides the ongoing communication between mobile units (MUs) on the Wireless LAN (WLAN) and the
wired network. Cell Controller services perform the following:
•Initialize the Access Ports
•Maintain contact with Access Ports by sending a synchronized electronic “heartbeat” at regular intervals
•Track MUs when they roam from one location to another
•Manage security schemes based on system configuration
•Maintain system statistics
•Store policies and Access Port information
•Detect and manage rogue Access Ports
•Management of communications QoS
Gateway Services
Gateway services provide interconnectivity between the Cell Controller and the wired network, and include the following:
•System management through a Web-based Graphical User Interface (GUI) and SNMP
•802.1x RADIUS client
•Security, including Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) and Firewall
•Network Address Translation (NAT), DHCP services, and Layer 3 Routing
This section provides just enough instruction to set up the WS 2000 Wireless Switch, connect an Access Port, and test
communications with a single mobile unit (MU) and the wide area network (WAN). The configuration suggestions made here
are just the minimum needed to test the hardware. Once finished with this section, additional configuration settings are
required. This section covers the following topics:
•Step 1: Install the switch and connect it to the WAN, a
standalone computer, and an Access Port
•Step 2: Set up administrative communication to the
switch
•Step 3: Set the basic switch settings
•Step 4: Configure the LAN interface
Step 1: Install the Switch
To install the WS 2000 Wireless Switch hardware, follow the directions in the WS 2000 Wireless Switch Quick Installation
Guide found in the box with the switch and on the CD-ROM that is distributed with the switch. These instructions describe
how to:
•Select a site (desk, wall, or rack) for the switch
•Install the switch using the appropriate accessories for the selected location
•Connect devices to WAN and LAN ports (using standard CAT-5 cables)
•Interpret the port LEDs on the front of the switch
After the switch is mounted and powered up, connect the following items to the switch:
1.Connect the WAN to the switch (using the WAN port) with a CAT-5 Ethernet cable. The LEDs for that port should start
to flash.
•Step 5: Configure Subnet1
•Step 6: Configure the WAN Interface
•Step 7: Enable Wireless LANs (WLANs)
•Step 8: Configure WLAN Security
•Step 9: Test Connectivity
2.Connect an Access Port to the switch using a CAT-5 Ethernet cable using one of the six LAN ports. If the Access Port
requires PPPoE, connect the Access Port in ports 1, 2, 3, or 4. Ports 5 and 6 do not provide power.
3.Have a mobile “wireless” device available to test communication with the Access Port.
Access Ports must be connected to the LAN ports of the wir eless switc h to enable co nfigurati on
of the Access Port related settings.
Step 2: Set Up Administrative Communication to the Switch
Before the configuration process can begin, establish a link with the wireless switch.
1.Connect a “wired” computer to the switch (in any one of the available LAN ports) using a standard CAT-5 cable.
2.Set up the computer for TCP/IP DHCP network addressing and make sure that the DNS settings are not hardcoded.
3.Start up Internet Explorer (with Sun Micro systems’ Java Runtime Environment (JRE) 1.4 or higher installed) and type
the following IP address in the address field: 192.168.0.1
For optimum compatibility use Sun Microsystems’ JRE 1.4 or higher (available from Sun’s
website), and be sure to disable Microsoft’s Java Virtual Machine if it is installed.
The following screen is displayed.
Getting Started 2-3
4.Log in using “admin” as the User ID and “symbol” as the Password.
5.If the login is successful, the following dialog window is displayed.
Enter a new admin password in both fields, and click the Update Password Now button. When the admin password
has been updated, the System Settings screen is displayed.
WS 2000 Wireless Switch System Reference Guide2-4
Step 3: Set the Basic Switch Setting
1.Enter a System Name for the wireless switch. The specified name appears in the lower-left corner of the configuration
screens, beneath the navigation tree. This name can be a useful reminder if multiple Symbol wireless switches are
being administered.
2.Enter a text description of the location of the switch in the System Location field. This text is used as a reminder to
the network administrator and is also used to set the location variable if the switch is administered using SNMP.
3.Enter an email address for the administrator in the Admin Email Address field. The switch uses this address for
sending SNMP-related and other administration-related messages to the administrator.
4.Select the Country for the switch from the drop-down menu. Selecting the correct country is extremely important. Each
country has its own regulatory restrictions concerning electromagnetic emissions and the maximum RF signal strength
that can be transmitted by Access Ports. To ensure compliance with national and local laws, be sure to set this field
accurately.
5.Click Apply to save changes. Unapplied changes are lost if the administrator navigates to a different screen.
The WS 2000 switch is shipped with an open default SNMP configuration:
Community: public, OID: 1.3.6.1, Access: Read-only
Community: private, OID: 1.3.6.1, Access: Read-write
If your switch has these settings, it is important to change them immediately; otherwise, users
on the same network will have read-write access to the switch through the SNMP interface.
Select System Configuration --> SNMP Access from the left menu to examine the settings and
change them, if neces sary.
Step 4: Configure the LAN Interface
The first step of network configuration process is to figure out the topology of the LAN. The WS 2000 Wireless Switch allows
the administrator to enable and configure four different subnets. The administrator can assign an IP address, port
associations, and DHCP settings for each subnet.
Enable Subnet1
Select LAN under the Network Configuration group from the left menu. Use the LAN configuration screen to view a summary
of physical-port addresses and wireless LANs (WLANs) associated with the four supported subnets, and to enable or disable
each configured subnet.
Getting Started 2-5
1.In the LAN screen, the administrator can enable up to four subnets. Make sure that the checkbox to the left of the
Subnet1 line is enabled.
Each enabled subnet shows up in the directory tree in the left column of the configuration screens. Consider disabling
a previously configured subnet if its assigned ports are no longer in use, or to consolidate the LAN’s communications
on fewer subnets.
The rest of the information on this screen is summary information; it is collected from other screens (such as the subnet
configuration screens) where the administrator can set the data.
Network
Address
Interfaces
Network (subnet) name is a descriptive string that should describe the subnet’s function. The WS 2000 Network Management
System uses subnet names throughout the configurations screens.
This IP address allows users from outside the subnet (whether from the WAN or from another subnet from the same switch) to
access the right subnet. An IP address uses a series of four numbers that are expressed in dot notation, for example, 194.182.1.1.
The Interfaces field displays which of the six physical LAN ports are associated with the subnet. The possible ports are: P1 (port
1), P2, P3, P4, P5, and P6 (from left to right facing the front of the switch). The administrator assigns a port to a subnet to enable
access to the device(s) connected to that port. The administrator can assign a port to only one subnet.
The Interfaces field also lists the WLANs that are associated with the subnet.
WS 2000 Wireless Switch System Reference Guide2-6
Step 5: Configure Subnet1
The WS 2000 Network Management System allows the administrator to define and refine the configuration of the enabled
subnets. Each of four subnets (short for “subnetworks”) can be configured as an identifiably separate part of the switchmanaged local area network (LAN). Each subnet can include some combination of assigned ports and associated wireless
LANs (WLANs).
1.Select Network Configuration --> LAN --> Subnet1 from the list on the left. The following screen appears for the
selected subnet.
2.Check to make sure that all the ports and WLAN1 are selected for this subnet. WLAN1 should automatically be included
if the switch and the Access Port are communicating properly. If WLAN1 is not present in the list, check the following:
• The power to the Access Port
• The connections between the switch and the Access Port
• The LEDs to make sure that lights are on and flashing
3.For this initial configuration, ensure that This interface is a DHCP Server is enabled. If so, the switch sets the IP
addresses automatically for the mobile devices. This value can be changed at any time in the future. All other default
settings are fine for the system test.
DHCP is a protocol that includes mechanisms for IP address allocation and delivery of host-specific configuration
parameters from a DHCP server to a host. Some of these parameters are IP address, network mask, and gateway. The
switch includes internal DHCP server and client features, and the subnet’s interface can use either capability.
4.Click the Apply button to save changes.
Step 6: Configure the WAN Interface
A wide area network (WAN) is a widely dispersed telecommunications network. In a corporate environment, the WAN port
might connect to a larger corporate network. For a small business, the WAN port might connect to a DSL or cable modem to
access the Internet.
Getting Started 2-7
The WS 2000 Wireless Switch includes one WAN port. In order to set up communications with the outside world, select
Network Configuration --> WAN from the left menu. The following WAN configuration page appears.
Communicating with the Outside World
1.Click the Enable WAN Interface checkbox to enable a connection between the switch and a larger network or the
outside world through the WAN port.
2.If this switch should be a DHCP client (get its IP address automatically from another server or switch), check the This
interface is a DHCP Client checkbox. If This interface is DHCP Client is checked, the switch is limited to one WAN
IP address. This choice is required when:
• The host router or switch on the WAN is communicating with the WS 2000 Wireless Switch using DHCP.
• The switch is interfacing with an Internet Service Provider (ISP) that uses DHCP addressing.
This setting is independent from the DHCP settings for the switch’s internal subnets.
3.If This interface is DHCP Client is not checked, fill in the information in this area. To find out the information to enter
into these fields, contact the network administrator or the ISP that provided the cable modem or DSL router. All the fields
below take standard IP addresses of the form xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx.
• The IP Address refers to the IP address that the outside world uses to address the WS 2000 Wireless Switch.
• Click the More IP Addresses button to specify additional static IP addresses for the switch. Additional IP
addresses are required when users within the LAN need dedicated IP addresses, or when servers in the LAN need
to be accessed (addressed) by the outside world. The pop-up window allows the administrator to enter up to eight
WAN IP addresses for the switch.
• The Subnet Mask is the mask used for the WAN.
• The Default Gateway is the address of the device that provides the connection to the WAN (often a cable modem
or DSL router).
WS 2000 Wireless Switch System Reference Guide2-8
• The two DNS Server fields specify DNS addresses of servers that can translate domain names, such as
www.symbol.com, into IP addresses that the network uses when passing information. The Secondary DNS Server
acts as a backup to the Primary DNS Server when the primary server is not responding.
Setting Up Point-to-Point over Ethernet (PPPoE) Communication
PPPoE provides the ability to connect a network of hosts through a simple device to a remote access concentrator. Many DSL
providers require that their clients communicate using this protocol. The facility allows the ISP to control access, billing, and
type of service provided to clients on a per-user or per-site basis. Check with the network administrator or ISP to determine
whether to enable this feature, and, if so, find out the username and password required for authentication.
1.Check Enable in the PPP over Ethernet area to enable the PPPoE protocol for high-speed connections.
2.Enter the Username and Password required for authentication. The username and password are for the switch’s
router to use when connecting to the ISP. When the Internet session starts, the ISP authenticates the username.
3.Set the Idle Time to an appropriate number. This number is the amount of time the PPPoE connection will be idle before
it disconnects. The 10000 second (default idle time is appropriate for most situations).
4.Check Keep Alive to instruct the switch to continue occasional communications over the WAN even when client
communications to the WAN are idle. Some ISPs terminate inactive connections, while others do not. In either case,
enabling Keep-Alive mode keeps the switch’s WAN connection alive, even when there is no traffic. If the ISP drops the
connection after so much idle time, the switch automatically reestablishes the connection to the ISP.
5.Select the appropriate WAN authentication method from the drop-down menu. Collect this information from the
network administrator. Select between None, PAP, CHAP, or PAP or CHAP.
CHAP
PAP
A type of authentication in which the person logging in uses secret information and some special mathematical operations to
come up with a number value. The server the person is logging into knows the same secret value and performs the same
mathematical operations. If the results match, the person is authorized to access the server. One of the numbers in the
mathematical operation is changed after every log-in, to protect against an intruder secretly copying a valid authentication
session and replaying it later to log in.
An identity verification method used to send a username and password over a network to a computer that compares the username
and password to a table listing authorized users. This method of authentication is less secure, because the username and
password travel as clear text that a hacker could read.
6.Click the Apply button to save changes.
Step 7: Enable Wireless LANs (WLANs)
The WS 2000 Wireless Switch works either in a wired or wireless environment; however, the power of the switch is
associated with its support of wireless networks. In order to use the wireless features of the switch, the administrator needs
to enable up to four wireless LANs (WLANs).
To start the WLAN configuration process, select the Network Configuration --> Wireless item from the left menu. The
following Wireless summary screen appears.
Getting Started 2-9
Wireless Summary Area
The top portion of the window displays a summary of the WLANs that are currently defined. This is the screen in which the
administrator can enable or disable a WLAN. At first, four WLANs are listed WLAN1, WLAN2, WLAN3, and WLAN4;
however, only WLAN1 is enabled.
1.Verify that WLAN1 is enabled (checked) and associated with Subnet1.
2.Verify that Access Port 1 is shown in the Access Ports Adopted field to the right. If it is not, verify the connection
between the switch and the Access Port.
The current settings for the associated Subnet and adopted Access Ports are displayed on this screen; however, the screen
associated with each WLAN (under Network Configuration --> Wireless) is where the settings and rules for adopting
Access Ports can be modified.
Use the Access Port Adoption area to assign Access Ports to a particular WLAN. The switch can adopt up to six Access Ports
at a time, but the list of allowed Access Port addresses (displayed in this area) can exceed six in number. A dual-radio
802.11a/b Access Port counts as one Access Port with respect to the maximum allowed; however, each radio is listed as a
separate Access Port.
This adoption list identifies each Access Port by its Media Access Control (MAC) address. This address is the Access Port’s
hard-coded hardware number that is printed on the bottom of the device. An example of a MAC address is
00:09:5B:45:9B:07.
The default setting associates all adopted Access Ports with WLAN1.
Step 8: Configure WLAN Security
In the previous step, the administrator set parameters for each WLAN that fine tune the performance of the WLAN. In
addition, the administrator can set the type and level of security for each WLAN. These security measures do not control
communications from the WAN; instead, they control communication from the clients within the WLAN.
WS 2000 Wireless Switch System Reference Guide2-10
In the Network Configuration --> Wireless --> <WLAN name> --> <WLAN Name> --> Security screen, the administrator
can set the user authentication method and the encryption method, as well as define a set of rules that control which MUs
can communicate through the WLAN.
Setting the Authentication Method
The authentication method sets a challenge-response procedure for validating user credentials such as username,
password, and sometimes secret-key information. The WS 2000 Wireless Switch provides two methods for authenticating
users: 802.1x EAP and Kerberos. The administrator can select between these two methods. For testing connectivity, WLAN
security is not an issue, so there is not reason to enable authentication—the default setting (No Authentication) is
sufficient.
Setting the Encryption Method
Encryption applies a specific algorithm to data to alter its appearance and prevent unauthorized reading. Decryption applies
the algorithm in reverse to restore the data to its original form. Sender and receiver employ the same encryption/decryption
method.
Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) is a security protocol specified in the IEEE Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) standard, 802.11b. WEP
is designed to provide a WLAN with a level of security and privacy comparable to that of a wired LAN. WEP might be all that
a small-business user needs for the simple encryption of wireless data. However, networks that require more security are
at risk from a WEP flaw. An unauthorized person with a sniffing tool can monitor a network for less than a day and decode
its encrypted messages.
For the connectivity test, set WEP 128 encryption. This ensures that communications with the switch are secure enough for
this stage. Later on, increasing the security level might be necessary.
1.Select the WEP 128 (104-bit key) option.
2.To use WEP encryption with the No Authentication selection, click the WEP Key Settings button to display a subscreen for entering keys.
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