Getting started with the X-NUCLEO-AMICAM1 analog MEMS microphone
expansion board based on MP23ABS1 for STM32 Nucleo
Introduction
The X-NUCLEO-AMICAM1 expansion board allows synchronized acquisition and streaming of up to 4 microphones at a
maximum sampling rate of 192 KHz.
It represents a quick and easy solution to develop microphone-based applications and start implementing audio algorithms.
The expansion board is designed around the MP23ABS1 analog MEMS microphone and is compatible with the ST morpho
connector layout and with analog microphone coupon boards (e.g., STEV
The X-NUCLEO-AMICAM1 embeds three MP23ABS1 microphones: two connected to an external ADC and one directly routed
to the STM32 embedded ADC.
The analog amplification stage is achieved thanks to ST TSV91x wide bandwidth operational amplifiers.
Figure 1. X-NUCLEO-AMICAM1 expansion board
AL-MIC004V1).
UM2649 - Rev 1 - December 2019
For further information contact your local STMicroelectronics sales of
fice.
www.st.com
Page 2
1Overview
High bandwidth Op
MP23ABS1
Microphone
External
Ext MIC
I2S
Analog
TSV91x
Internal
High bandwidth Op
High bandwidth Op
High bandwidth Op
DFSDM
Microphone
MP23ABS1
Analog
Microphone
Analog
Analog
Amp
TSV91x
MP23ABS1
High bandwidth Op
ADC
Amp
connector
TSV91x
Amp
TSV91x
Amp
TSV91x
ADC
SPI
USB
Sensing
Connectivity
Amp
Processing
Ext MIC
connector
Ext MIC
connector
Ext MIC
connector
Ext MIC
connector
The X-NUCLEO-AMICAM1 expansion board is a comprehensive tool designed for the evaluation of MP23ABS1
analog MEMS microphones.
It features:
•
3 on-board MP23ABS1 analog MEMS microphones
•5 slots to plug analog microphone coupon boards (e.g., STEVAL-MIC004V1)
•Synchronized acquisition and streaming of up to 4 microphones
•Amplification stage based on TSV91x wide bandwidth operational amplifiers
•On-board external ADC
•Direct acquisition of a single microphone exploiting STM32 embedded ADC
•Up to 192 KHz sampling frequency
•Free comprehensive development firmware library and audio capture plus USB streaming sample
application compatible with STM32Cube
•Compatible with STM32 Nucleo boards
•Equipped with ST morpho connectors (top and bottom) and Arduino UNO R3 connectors (top) to allow
stacking of multiple boards
•RoHS and WEEE compliant
The X-NUCLEO-AMICAM1 expansion board implements an amplification stage for each microphone, based on
TSV91x operational amplifiers, and allows microphone recording using either a dedicated third-party external
analog to digital converter, mounted on-board, or the embedded STM32 ADC.
Three microphones are mounted on the X-NUCLEO-AMICAM1 expansion board: 2 of them (M1OB, M2OB) are
connected to the external ADC while the third one (M3OB) is directly connected to STM32 embedded ADC.
Five additional headers are available for external analog microphone coupon boards (e.g. STEVAL-MIC004V1).
The external ADC is controlled through a SPI interface.
The expansion board provides also USB streaming using the STM32 Nucleo microcontroller USB peripheral; a
USB connector is available for data and power supply.
Solder bridges allow choosing from different options, depending on the number of microphones and the MCU
peripherals involved.
Two different solutions are implemented on the X-NUCLEO-AMICAM1
evaluation in different scenarios:
•a low power and low cost solution using STM32 embedded ADC and TSV912 operational amplifier
•the use of a third party external ADC and TSV914 amplifier
Acoustic quality, power consumption hardware requirements (power supply and amplification circuits) differ on the
basis of the chosen solution.
expansion board to allow MP23ABS1
2.1Amplification stage and signal acquisition - internal ADC
The STM32 analog to digital converter is used in single ended configuration: the microphone signal, in this case,
is amplified around a common mode which is equal to half the VREF provided to the STM32 analog supply input
(for further details on the power scheme, see Figure 5. X-NUCLEO-AMICAM1 expansion board: power supply
scheme).
Figure 3. X-NUCLEO-AMICAM1 expansion board: amplification of a single microphone
The first operational amplifier is used as a buffer for the bias signal generated by a voltage divider (with R1 equal
to R2); the second one adds a gain equal to
ADC.
Depending on the STM32 Nucleo development board, different ADC configurations are possible, enabling several
acquisition strategies which may include oversampling, filtering and decimation using DFSDM hardware
peripheral to gain in SNR and bit depth.
R4
1 +
to the microphone signal which is then routed to the STM32
R3
2.2Amplification stage and signal acquisition - external ADC
UM2649 - Rev 1
The adopted third party analog to digital converter has a differential interface: the microphone amplification stage
performs both gain addition and single to dif
ferential conversion to exploit the ADC dynamics.
page 3/17
Page 4
M1+
M1-
COMM
COMM
COMM
M1
R1
R2
R3
R4
R5
C1
UM2649
Power scheme
Figure 4. X-NUCLEO-AMICAM1 expansion board: amplification and conversion to differential
R2
1 +
The first operational amplifier adds a gain equal to
configuration with R3 equal to R4, simply adds a phase shift of 180 degrees to the amplified signal.
The COMM represents the bias provided by the external ADC, which is controlled by an SPI interface, and
microphone data are acquired by the STM32 through an I²S interface.
, while the second one, configured in inverting
R1
2.3Power scheme
Power scheme is designed to provide separate supplies to the critical analog parts, which you can find on both
the X-NUCLEO-AMICAM1 and the STM32 Nucleo boards.
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page 4/17
Page 5
Figure 5. X-NUCLEO-AMICAM1 expansion board: power supply scheme
USB
X-NUCLEO-AMICAM1
U1
3.0 LDO
U5V
E5V
+5V
STM32 NUCLEO
USB
JP5
U4
3V3 LDO
J1
3V3
J2
VREF
U2
2.5 LDO
EXT ADC
UM2649
Solder bridges
All the analog supplies are generated starting from the 3V3 coming from the LDO on the STM32 Nucleo boards.
Starting from this source, two dif
•U1 LDO which outputs 3 volts used by the microphones connected to the external ADC and all the relevant
components
•U2 LDO which generates 2.5 volts and feeds the single microphone connected to the internal STM32 ADC
as well as the STM32 analog reference
Note:in the standard board configuration, the single microphone (M3OB) connected to the STM32 ADC is disabled by
Caution:Do not close J2 if the proper solder bridge is not open on the STM32 Nucleo board, as the STM32 Nucleo and
2.4Solder bridges
default; to enable this feature two actions are required:
•unsolder a solder bridge on the STM32 Nucleo (the solder bridge depends on the STM32 Nucleo type, as
detailed in Section 3.1.2 Single microphone acquisition configuration)
•close J2 header
the X-NUCLEO-AMICAM1 expansion board could be damaged (refer to Section 3.1 Board setup for further
information).
The on-board USB connector supports audio streaming to the host PC and can also be used to power the whole
system up, including the STM32 Nucleo board, by:
•closing jumper J1 on the X-NUCLEO-AMICAM1 expansion board
•placing JP5 in position E5 on the STM32 Nucleo development board
Solder bridges allow you to choose among different configurations and enable or disable on-board microphones
versus microphone coupon boards.
ferent regulators are used on the X-NUCLEO-AMICAM1 expansion board:
To use the X-NUCLEO-AMICAM1 expansion board, you need the same hardware and software resources of
STM32 Nucleo boards (for details, refer to UM1724 on www
disk and at least 128 MB of RAM to run the firmware package.
3.1Board setup
The X-NUCLEO-AMICAM1 expansion board can be connected to any STM32 Nucleo board. However, the related
firmware offers an out-of-the-box package for some STM32 Nucleo boards.
When mounting the X-NUCLEO-AMICAM1 on the STM32 Nucleo, align all the pins with their corresponding
connector.
Caution:Handle the boards carefully during this operation and implement ESD prevention measures to avoid damaging
(or bending) the male/female pins, connectors and the expansion board components.
The default X-NUCLEO-AMICAM1 configuration allows the acquisition of two on-board microphones (M1OB and
M2OB) through the external ADC mounted on the board.
The following configurations and use cases can also be implemented:
•4 microphone acquisition using coupon boards (e.g. STEVAL-MIC004V1) and the external ADC
•single microphone acquisition using STM32 embedded ADC
.st.com) as well as 40 MB of free space on your hard
3.1.14 microphone acquisition configuration
Step 1.Open SB24 and SB26 to disconnect M1OB and M2OB on-board microphones from the ADC
Step 2.Close SB23 and SB25 to connect M1 and M2 external headers to the ADC
Step 3.Mount coupon boards on the headers
Caution:Do not close SB23 and SB24 at the same time to avoid potential shortcircuit between M1OB on-board
microphone and M1 external microphone if the coupon is mounted.
Do not close SB25 and SB26 at the same time: it will result in a potential shortcut between M2OB onboard
microphone and M2 external microphone if the coupon is mounted.
3.1.2Single microphone acquisition configuration
Step 1.Change the solder bridge configuration on the STM32 Nucleo to allow VREF routing to the appropriate
STM32 pin as follows:
–
On STM32 Nucleo-XXXXRX 64-pin boards (MB1136): open SB57
–On STM32 Nucleo-LXXXZX 144-pin boards (MB1312): open SB149, close SB 119
–On STM32 Nucleo-XXXXZX 144-pin boards (MB1137): open SB12
Step 2.Close J2 on the X-NUCLEO-AMICAM1 board.
Caution:Do not close J2 if the proper solder bridge is not open on the STM32 Nucleo board, as the STM32 Nucleo and
the X-NUCLEO-AMICAM1 expansion board could be damaged.
Step 3.Check SB9 and SB10 on the X-NUCLEO-AMICAM1.
–SB10 closed, SB9 open: acquisition of the on-board M3OB microphone
–SB10 open, SB9 closed: acquisition of an external coupon plugged onto M5 header
Caution:Do not close SB9 and SB10 at the same time as a potential shortcircuit could occur between M3OB on-board
microphone and M5 external microphone if the coupon board is mounted.
Figure 7. X-NUCLEO-AMICAM1 circuit schematic - USB, power
, external ADC
Schematic diagrams
page 13/17
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Page 14
M4
14
11
IN4+
12
AVDD
COMM
R32 10K
C42
M2H
COMM
56K
M4OUT
M3+
4
GND2
1
DOUT
R28 10K
3
GND2
7
3
GND2
1
VDD
M4+
M1
R36 10K
MP23ABS1
AVDD
R41 10K
M2OB
9
IN3-
OUT
2
4
M2+
M2
100nF
COMM
4
IN4-
13
IN1-
3
R39 2K
5
GND3
COMM
GND2
6
GND4
R27 2K
R37
56K
OUT28OUT3
OUT1
2
AVDD
6
GND4
M2+
M2OB
COMM
M4-
5
IN1+
5
VCC+
6
TSV914
C38
1µF
1
M1+
OUT4
M1H
R40 2K
DOUT
10
VCC-
VDD
1
R24
M1OB
R29 10K
SB23
AVDD
R31 56K
3
GND1
COMM
M1+
1µF
R26 2K
IN3-
IN3+
10
COMM
COMM
R25 10K
U7
1µF
3
GND1
M3+
M3-
1µF
1µF
IN3+
M3OUT
GND2
6
GND4
GND3
M2OB
OUT
2
M2-
2
GND1
56K
VCC-
HEADER 3X2
R35 56K
AVDD
1
56K
M2H
M1-
HEADER 3X2
4
4
GND2
3
M4OUT
VCC+
6
IN2-
SB25
5
IN2+
SB26
MP23ABS1
R33 10K
SB24
4
HEADER 3X2
R38 10K
R23
8
OUT3
C41
OUT1
2
IN1-
R22
6
GND4
M1H
M3OUT
GND3
U6
C39
100nF
M3
IN2+
4
3
IN1+
GND1
3
GND1
4
GND3
COMM
R30 56K
M1OBAVDD
COMM
M1OB
COMM
AVDD
M4+
2
VDD
1
1
Microphones
OpAmp
TSV914
M1OUT
GND3
M2OUT
2
OUT
AVDD
1
VDD
VDD
5
5
GND3
2
OUT
C40
M2OUTM1OUT
C44
HEADER 3X2
11
IN4+
12
COMM
9
IN4-
13
GND1
5
IN2-
7
OUT2
OUT4
14
C37
C43
5
VDD
R34 56K
1µF
NC
0R
0R
0R
UM2649 - Rev 1
Figure 8. X-NUCLEO-AMICAM1 circuit schematic - microphones to external ADC
page 14/17
Schematic diagrams
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Page 15
IN2+
4
VCC-
C34
1µF
R43
M3OB
R42
1M
MINTOUT
VDD
1
VCC+
IN1-
3
M5H
10nF
A2V5
DOUT
4
8
3
GND2
INTREF
INTREF_BUFF
C33
MP23ABS1
GND2
6
GND4
C36
5
GND3
TSV912
R19 100k
C35
1
GND1
OUT
2
R16
56K
MINTOUT
INTREF
A2V5
IN1+
5
A2V5
1
OUT1
2
4
1M
M5+
6
IN2-
7
OUT2
HP Filter --> fc = 2.8Hz
LP Filter --> fc = 99.4 KHz
R184.7k
SB9 NC
M3OB
M5H
INTREF_BUFF
A2V5
R17 160
M5
M3OB
5
VDD
HEADER 3X2
GND3
100nF
U5
INTREF_BUFF
3
GND1
SB10 0R
2
1µF
UM2649 - Rev 1
Figure 9. X-NUCLEO-AMICAM1 circuit schematic - microphones to internal ADC
page 15/17
Schematic diagrams
UM2649
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Revision history
able 5. Document revision history
T
DateVersionChanges
09-Dec-20191Initial release.
UM2649
UM2649 - Rev 1
page 16/17
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UM2649
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