STMicroelectronics STEVAL-IHT005V2 User Manual
UM1631
User manual
STEVAL-IHT005V2 - 3.3 V control of ACS®/Triac with STM32™
Introduction
The STEVAL-IHT005V2 demonstration board is designed for the home appliance market,
with a focus on the demonstration of a robust solution with a 3.3 V supplied 32-bit MCU.
Targeted applications are mid-end and high-end washing machines, dishwashers and
dryers with different kinds of ACS
The demonstration board is based on the recently introduced 48-pin, 32-bit
STM32F100C4T6B MCU running at 24 MHz (RC user-trimmable internal RC clock),
featuring 16 kBytes of Flash memory, 12-bit A/D converter, 5 timers, communication
interfaces, and 4 kBytes of SRAM.
The power supply circuitry is based on the VIPer
avalanche rugged power section, operating at 60 kHz. The power supply provides negative
6 V in buck-boost topology.
The STEVAL-IHT005V2 can control 2 high power loads up to 2830 W thanks to the T1635H,
a 16 A, 600 V high temperature Triac and up to 2050 W thanks to the ACST1635-8FP
a 16 A, 800 V high temperature overvoltage protected ACST device. The high power load
control is based on phase angle control. In order to limit the inrush current and possible
current peaks, the demonstration board features a soft-start routine and a smooth power
change function for the high power loads.
The STEVAL-IHT005V2 can also control 4 low power loads up to 100 W thanks to
3 ACS108-8S, 0.8 A, 800 V overvoltage protected ACS devices and a Z0109, 1 A standard
4 quadrant 600 V Triac.
The demonstration board passed the precompliance tests for EMC directives
IEC 61000-4-4 (burst up to 8 kV) and IEC 61000-4-5 (surge up to 2 kV).
When put in standby mode, the STEVAL-IHT005V2 has an overall standby power
consumption below 500 mW at 264 V/50 Hz.
®
/Triacs.
®
16L, an offline converter with an 800 V
Figure 1. STEVAL-IHT005V2
October 2013 DocID024503 Rev 1 1/27
www.st.com
Contents UM1631
Contents
1 Board features and objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.1 Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.2 Board features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.3 Targeted applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.4 Operating conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2 Safety instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.1 Intended use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.2 Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.3 Electrical connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.4 Board operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
3 Getting started . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3.1 Connection diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3.2 How to operate the STEVAL-IHT005V2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3.3 MCU programming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
3.4 Load and gate control fitting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
4 Functional description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
4.1 Phase angle control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
4.2 Full wave control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
5 Power supply consumption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
5.1 Max. output current and standby consumption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
5.2 Gate voltage impact on gate current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
5.3 Pulsed gate control and average gate current consumption . . . . . . . . . . 13
6 Board immunity performances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
6.1 Hardware and software features to increase immunity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Software features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
6.2 Surge tests results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
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UM1631 Contents
6.3 Burst tests results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
6.3.1 Test procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
6.3.2 Test results of the board without hardware modifications . . . . . . . . . . . 15
6.3.3 Input filter influence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
6.3.4 Noise suppressor influence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
6.3.5 Gate filtering circuit influence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
6.3.6 Immunity to relay switching . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Appendix A STEVAL-IHT005V2 schematic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
A.1 Schematic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
A.2 Demonstration board layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
A.3 Test point lists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
A.4 Gate resistor calculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Gate resistor calculation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Assumptions for calculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
A.5 Bill of material . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
DocID024503 Rev 1 3/27
Board features and objectives UM1631
1 Board features and objectives
1.1 Objectives
The board is designed for promotion of a complete solution for home appliance applications
based on STMicroelectronics™ components. Special emphasis is placed on demonstration
of the robust full 3.3 V solution. Robustness is demonstrated on 4 kV level in class A during
IEC-61000-4-4 (burst) test.
This board also allows designers to check AC switches control feasibility with a 3.3 V supply.
Gate currents can be measured and compared to the information given in AN2986.
Promoted parts are
STM32F100C4T6B - value line 32-bit MCU
T1635H-6T - 16 A 600 V 35 mA high temperature Snubberless™ Triac in TO-220
package
ACST1635-8FP - 16 A 800 V high temperature overvoltage protected AC switch in
TO-220 FPAB package
ACS108-8SA - 0.8 A 800 V 10 mA overvoltage protected ACS device in TO-92
package
Z0109MA - 1 A standard 10 mA 4Q Triac in TO-92 package
VIPer16L - an offline converter with 800 V avalanche rugged power section operating
at 60 kHz.
The ACS108 and Z0109 are controlled in ON/OFF mode with the buttons. These devices
control small loads like valves, pumps, and door locks.
The T1635H and ACST16 are controlled in phase control mode with potentiometers. These
devices control high power loads like drum motors or heating resistors.
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UM1631 Board features and objectives
1.2 Board features
The board key features and performances are
Complete solution for -3.3 V control
Input voltage range: 90-265 VAC 50/60 Hz
Negative 6 V/3.3 V VDC auxiliary power supply based on the VIPer16L in buck-boost
topology
Total power consumption in standby mode is lower than 0.5 W for 264 V/50 Hz
48-pin, 32-bit value line family STM32F100C4T6B MCU as main controller
Zero voltage switching (ZVS) interrupt to synchronize MCU events with voltage mains
1x T1635H-6T and 1 x ACST1635-8FP for phase control of high power loads
5 discrete power level states with soft change for phase angle controlled devices
1x Z0109 and 3x ACS108 for full wave control of low power loads
1x relay for demonstration of the board noise robustness
“Red” LED to show that the board is supplied from mains
“Green” LED for each ACS/ACST/Triac to show that the device is turned ON
JTAG programming connector
External wire loop for gate current measurement
2
I
C bus hardware/software ready
18 test pins
IEC 61000-4-4 precompliance test passed (burst up to 8 kV)
IEC 61000-4-5 precompliance test passed (surge up to 2 kV)
RoHS compliant
1.3 Targeted applications
Targeted applications are mid-end and high-end washing machines, dishwashers, dryers,
and coffee machines.
Optionally, this board targets any home-appliance application where the STM32 MCU
controls any type of Triac/ACST/ACS.
1.4 Operating conditions
The board operates in nominal line voltage 110 V/230 V in both 50/60 Hz power nets.
Line voltage: 90-264 V 50/60 Hz
Operating ambient temperature 0 °C to 60 °C
Nominal loads power (for 230 V voltage)
– ACST1635-8FP - 2050 W
– T1635H-6T - 2830 W
– Z0109MA - 96 W
– ACS108-8SA - 105 W
DocID024503 Rev 1 5/27
Safety instructions UM1631
2 Safety instructions
Warning: The high voltage levels used to operate the STEVAL-IHT005V2
board could present a serious electrical shock hazard. This
demonstration board must be used in a suitable laboratory by
qualified personnel only, familiar with the installation, use,
and maintenance of power electrical systems.
2.1 Intended use
The STEVAL-IHT005V2 demonstration board is a component designed for demonstration
purposes only, and not to be used either for domestic installation or for industrial installation.
The technical data as well as the information concerning the power supply and working
conditions should be taken from the documentation included in the kit and strictly observed.
2.2 Installation
Installation instructions for the STEVAL-IHT005V2 demonstration board must be taken from
the present user manual and strictly observed. The components must be protected against
excessive strain. In particular, no components are to be bent, or isolating distances altered
during transportation, handling or use. No contact must be made with electronic
components and contacts. The STEVAL-IHT005V2 demonstration board contains
electrostatically sensitive components that are prone to damage through improper use.
Electrical components must not be mechanically damaged or destroyed (to avoid potential
risks and health injury).
2.3 Electrical connection
Applicable national accident prevention rules must be followed when working on the mains
power supply. The electrical installation must be completed in accordance with the
appropriate requirements (e.g. cross-sectional areas of conductors, fusing, PE
connections). In particular, the programming device must be disconnected from the board
JTAG connector when the board is plugged into the mains.
2.4 Board operation
A system architecture which supplies power to the demonstration board must be equipped
with additional control and protective devices in accordance with the applicable safety
requirements (e.g. compliance with technical equipment and accident prevention rules).
Note: Do not touch the board after disconnection from the mains power supply, as several parts
and power terminals which contain possibly energized capacitors need to be allowed to
discharge completely.
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UM1631 Getting started
3 Getting started
3.1 Connection diagram
Figure 2 shows an image of the board with proper connection of each application.
Figure 2. Board connector
Note: Connect loads and voltage probes before applying line voltage.
3.2 How to operate the STEVAL-IHT005V2
Line voltage must be connected in position as described in Figure 2. The demonstration
board can be operated with or without the load. Even if no load is connected to the
demonstration board, all signals are present and can be displayed on the oscilloscope.
Red LED D6 signals the board is properly supplied from the mains. It also signals that high
voltage is present on the demonstration board.
It is recommended, although not required, to turn both potentiometers to the OFF position
before powering the demonstration board. The board is ready to operate after passing all
initialization routines, like mains frequency recognition, that take approximately 2 s.
Potentiometer R65 controls T1 (T1635H) and potentiometer R66 controls T2 (ACST16).
Output power level is adjusted by changing the position of the related potentiometer. Power
regulation is divided into 5 steps where position 1 means minimum power and position 5
means maximum power. LED D11 for T1 (T1635H) and LED D12 for T2 (ACST16) signal
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Getting started UM1631
that the gate control signal is applied. If the load (example motor) is running and the LED
lights up, it indicates the MCU properly controls the Triac(s).
Blue, black and white buttons control the 3x ACS108 and Z01 in ON/OFF mode with zero
voltage synchronization. The blue button S1 controls ACS1, black button S2 controls ACS2,
black button S3 controls ACS3 and white button S4 controls T3. The different colors are
used for easy recognition of the controlled device.
ACS2 and ACS3 are controlled with 2 ms gate pulses. This is sufficient for loads with RMS
current approximately in the range of 100 mA - 500 mA. Smaller loads should be controlled
with ACS1, which has continuous gate control.
T3 is controlled with 2 ms pulses and is used for comparison with ACS2 and ACS3 behavior.
LED D10 for T3 (Z01), LED (D7) for ACS1 (ACS108-8S), LED D8 for ACS2 (ACS108-8S)
and LED D9 for ACS3 (ACS108-8S) signals that the gate control signal is applied.
The red button S5 controls relay R1. Relay is controlled in the continuous DC mode. The DC
control starts in zero voltage for control coil.
Note: The coil control in zero voltage does not lead to accurate “Zero Voltage Switching” of the
power contacts.
Button control is used in a two-step control. When the button is first pushed it turns the
related device ON. A second push of the button turns the related device OFF. All devices
controlled by buttons are set in the OFF position after reset.
Figure 3. Overview of the demonstration board operation
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UM1631 Getting started
3.3 MCU programming
Once the demonstration board has the mains cable and load cable correctly connected, it
can be powered on. The STEVAL-IHT005V2 demonstration board goes to wait-for-signal
mode immediately after powering it on.
A JTAG connector for MCU programming is used when software modifications are
necessary.
Warning: Programming device has to be galvanically isolated from
mains when programmed directly on mains.
3.4 Load and gate control fitting
Gate current pulse is generated by the MCU. The length of the pulse is set by software.
Gate current pulse length is important. Its value must be set according to the minimum load
current. The load current has to reach the AC switch latching current value to keep the
device ON after the gate pulse is removed. Latching current (I
datasheet - ACS108-8S. It is important to check this point for low power loads when RMS
current is low and it takes a long time to reach the latching current level. When gate current
is removed before the load current reaches latching current, the device may turn off. Refer
to the AN302 application note for further information on latching current.
) is specified in the AC switch
L
The maximum value and length of the gate current the board can provide depends on power
supply rating. The power supply used in the demonstration board is able to provide 120 mA
continuously in full range of the operating voltage.
DocID024503 Rev 1 9/27
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