The L78Mxx series of three-terminal positive
regulators is available in TO-220, TO-220FP,
DPAK and IPAK packages and with several fixed
output voltages, making it useful in a wide range
of applications. These regulators can provide
local on-card regulation, eliminating the
distribution problems associated with single point
regulation. Each type employs internal current
limiting, thermal shut-down and safe area
protection, making it essentially indestructible. If
adequate heat sinking is provided, they can
deliver over 0.5 A output current. Although
designed primarily as fixed voltage regulators,
these devices can be used with external
components to obtain adjustable voltage and
currents.
Note:Absolute maximum ratings are those values beyond which damage to the device may occur.
Functional operation under these condition is not implied
Table 3.Thermal data
SymbolParameterTO-220TO-220FPDPAKIPAKUnit
R
R
Thermal resistance junction-case358°C/W
thJC
Thermal resistance junction-ambient5060100°C/W
thJA
Figure 4.Application circuit
5/29
Test circuitsL78MxxC
4 Test circuits
Figure 5.DC parameter
Figure 6.Load regulation
Figure 7.Ripple rejection
6/29
L78MxxCElectrical characteristics
5 Electrical characteristics
Table 4.Electrical characteristics of L78M05C (refer to the test circuits, T
I
= 350 mA, CI = 0.33 µF, CO = 0.1 µF unless otherwise specified)
O
= 25 °C, VI = 10 V,
J
SymbolParameterTest conditionsMin.Typ.Max.Unit
V
V
ΔV
ΔV
ΔI
ΔV
SVRSupply voltage rejectionV
Output voltage4.855.2V
O
Output voltageIO = 5 to 350 mA, VI = 7 to 20 V4.7555.25V
O
V
= 7 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA100
Line regulation
O
Load regulation
O
Quiescent current6mA
I
d
Quiescent current change
d
/ΔTOutput voltage driftIO = 5 mA, TJ = 0 to 125°C-0.5mV/°C
O
I
= 8 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA50
V
I
I
= 5 to 500 mA, TJ = 25°C100
O
= 5 to 200 mA, TJ = 25°C50
I
O
I
= 5 to 350 mA0.5
O
= 200 mA, VI = 8 to 25 V0.8
I
O
= 8 to 18 V, f = 120Hz, IO = 300mA62dB
I
eNOutput noise voltage B =10Hz to 100kHz40µV
V
I
Dropout voltage2V
d
Short circuit currentVI = 35 V300mA
sc
mV
mV
mA
Table 5.Electrical characteristics of L78M06C (refer to the test circuits, TJ = 25 °C, VI = 11 V,
I
= 350 mA, CI = 0.33 µF, CO = 0.1 µF unless otherwise specified)
O
SymbolParameterTest conditionsMin.Typ.Max.Unit
V
V
ΔV
ΔV
ΔI
ΔV
SVRSupply voltage rejectionV
eNOutput noise voltage B =10Hz to 100kHz45µV
V
I
Output voltage5.7566.25V
O
Output voltageIO = 5 to 350 mA, VI = 8 to 21 V5.766.3V
O
V
= 8 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA100
Line regulation
O
Load regulation
O
Quiescent current6mA
I
d
Quiescent current change
d
/ΔTOutput voltage driftIO = 5 mA, TJ = 0 to 125°C-0.5mV/°C
O
Dropout voltage2V
d
Short circuit currentVI = 35 V270mA
sc
I
= 9 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA50
V
I
I
= 5 to 500 mA, TJ = 25°C120
O
= 5 to 200 mA, TJ = 25°C60
I
O
I
= 5 to 350 mA0.5
O
= 200 mA, VI = 9 to 25 V0.8
I
O
= 9 to 19 V, f = 120Hz, IO = 300mA59dB
I
mV
mV
mA
7/29
Electrical characteristicsL78MxxC
Table 6.Electrical characteristics of L78M08C (refer to the test circuits, T
I
= 350 mA, CI = 0.33 µF, CO = 0.1 µF unless otherwise specified)
O
SymbolParameterTest conditionsMin.Typ.Max.Unit
= 25 °C, VI = 14 V,
J
V
V
ΔV
ΔV
ΔI
ΔV
SVRSupply voltage rejection
Output voltage7.788.3V
O
Output voltageIO = 5 to 350 mA, VI = 10.5 to 23 V7.688.4V
O
V
= 10.5 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA100
Line regulation
O
Load regulation
O
Quiescent current6mA
I
d
Quiescent current change
d
/ΔTOutput voltage driftIO = 5 mA, TJ = 0 to 125°C-0.5mV/°C
O
I
= 11 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA50
V
I
I
= 5 to 500 mA, TJ = 25°C160
O
= 5 to 200 mA, TJ = 25°C80
I
O
I
= 5 to 350 mA0.5
O
= 200 mA, VI = 10.5 to 25 V0.8
I
O
= 11.5 to 21.5 V, f = 120Hz,
V
I
= 300mA
I
O
56dB
eNOutput noise voltage B =10Hz to 100kHz52µV
V
I
Dropout voltage2V
d
Short circuit currentVI = 35 V250mA
sc
Table 7.Electrical characteristics of L78M09C (refer to the test circuits, TJ = 25 °C, VI = 15 V,
I
= 350 mA, CI = 0.33 µF, CO = 0.1 µF unless otherwise specified)
O
SymbolParameterTest conditionsMin.Typ.Max.Unit
mV
mV
mA
V
V
ΔV
ΔV
ΔI
ΔV
SVRSupply voltage rejectionV
Output voltage8.6599.35V
O
Output voltageIO = 5 to 350 mA, VI = 11.5 to 24 V8.5599.45V
O
V
= 11.5 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA100
Line regulation
O
Load regulation
O
Quiescent current6mA
I
d
Quiescent current change
d
/ΔTOutput voltage driftIO = 5 mA, TJ = 0 to 125°C-0.5mV/°C
O
I
= 12 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA50
V
I
I
= 5 to 500 mA, TJ = 25°C180
O
= 5 to 200 mA, TJ = 25°C90
I
O
I
= 5 to 350 mA0.5
O
= 200 mA, VI = 11.5 to 25 V0.8
I
O
= 12.5 to 23 V, f = 120Hz, IO = 300mA56dB
I
eNOutput noise voltage B =10Hz to 100kHz58µV
V
I
Dropout voltage2V
d
Short circuit currentVI = 35 V250mA
sc
8/29
mV
mV
mA
L78MxxCElectrical characteristics
Table 8.Electrical characteristics of L78M12C (refer to the test circuits, TJ = 25 °C, VI = 19 V,
I
= 350 mA, CI = 0.33 µF, CO = 0.1 µF unless otherwise specified)
O
SymbolParameterTest conditionsMin.Typ.Max.Unit
V
V
ΔV
ΔV
ΔI
ΔV
SVRSupply voltage rejectionV
Output voltage11.51212.5V
O
Output voltageIO = 5 to 350 mA, VI = 14.5 to 27 V11.41212.6V
O
V
= 14.5 to 30 V, IO = 200 mA100
Line regulation
O
Load regulation
O
Quiescent current6mA
I
d
Quiescent current change
d
/ΔTOutput voltage driftIO = 5 mA, TJ = 0 to 125°C-1mV/°C
O
I
= 16 to 30 V, IO = 200 mA50
V
I
I
= 5 to 500 mA, TJ = 25°C240
O
= 5 to 200 mA, TJ = 25°C120
I
O
I
= 5 to 350 mA0.5
O
= 200 mA, VI = 14.5 to 30 V0.8
I
O
= 15 to 25 V, f = 120Hz, IO = 300mA55dB
I
eNOutput noise voltage B =10Hz to 100kHz75µV
V
I
Dropout voltage2V
d
Short circuit currentVI = 35 V240mA
sc
Table 9.Electrical characteristics of L78M15C (refer to the test circuits, TJ = 25 °C, VI = 23 V,
I
= 350 mA, CI = 0.33 µF, CO = 0.1 µF unless otherwise specified)
O
SymbolParameterTest conditionsMin.Typ.Max.Unit
mV
mV
mA
V
V
ΔV
ΔV
ΔI
ΔV
SVRSupply voltage rejection
Output voltage14.41515.6V
O
Output voltageIO = 5 to 350 mA, VI = 17.5 to 30 V14.251515.75V
O
V
= 17.5 to 30 V, IO = 200 mA100
Line regulation
O
Load regulation
O
I
Quiescent current6mA
d
Quiescent current change
d
/ΔTOutput voltage driftIO = 5 mA, TJ = 0 to 125°C-1mV/°C
O
I
= 20 to 30 V, IO = 200 mA50
V
I
I
= 5 to 500 mA, TJ = 25°C300
O
= 5 to 200 mA, TJ = 25°C150
I
O
I
= 5 to 350 mA0.5
O
= 200 mA, VI = 17.5 to 30 V0.8
I
O
= 18.5 to 28.5 V, f = 120Hz,
V
I
= 300mA
I
O
54dB
eNOutput noise voltage B =10Hz to 100kHz90µV
V
I
Dropout voltage2V
d
Short circuit currentVI = 35 V240mA
sc
mV
mV
mA
9/29
Electrical characteristicsL78MxxC
Table 10.Electrical characteristics of L78M24C (refer to the test circuits, TJ = 25 °C, VI = 23 V,
I
= 350 mA, CI = 0.33 µF, CO = 0.1 µF unless otherwise specified)
O
SymbolParameterTest conditionsMin.Typ.Max.Unit
V
V
ΔV
ΔV
ΔI
ΔV
SVRSupply voltage rejectionV
Output voltage232425V
O
Output voltageIO = 5 to 350 mA, VI = 27 to 38 V22.82425.2V
O
V
= 27 to 38 V, IO = 200 mA100
Line regulation
O
Load regulation
O
I
Quiescent current6mA
d
Quiescent current change
d
/ΔTOutput voltage driftIO = 5 mA, TJ = 0 to 125°C-1.2mV/°C
O
I
= 28 to 38 V, IO = 200 mA50
V
I
I
= 5 to 500 mA, TJ = 25°C480
O
= 5 to 200 mA, TJ = 25°C240
I
O
I
= 5 to 350 mA0.5
O
= 200 mA, VI = 27 to 38 V0.8
I
O
= 28 to 38 V, f = 120Hz, IO = 300mA50dB
I
eNOutput noise voltage B =10Hz to 100kHz170µV
V
I
Dropout voltage2V
d
Short circuit currentVI = 35 V240mA
sc
mV
mV
mA
10/29
L78MxxCTypical performance
6 Typical performance
Figure 8.Dropout voltage vs junction temp.Figure 9.Dropout characteristics
Figure 10.Peak output current vs input-output
Figure 12. Supply voltage rejection vs freq.Figure 13. Quiescent current vs junction temp.
differential voltage
Figure 11. Output voltage vs junction
temperature
11/29
Typical performanceL78MxxC
Figure 14. Load transient responseFigure 15. Line transient response
Figure 16. Quiescent current vs input voltage
Figure 17. Fixed output regulator
1. To specify an output voltage, substitute voltage value for "XX".
2. Although no output capacitor is need for stability, it does improve transient response.
3. Required if regulator is locate an appreciable distance from power supply filter.
12/29
L78MxxCTypical performance
Figure 18. Constant current regulator
IO = VXX/R1+I
Figure 19. Circuit for increasing output voltage
IR1 ≥ 5 I
d
VO = VXX(1+R2/R1)+IdR
d
2
Figure 20. Adjustable output regulator (7 to 30 V)
13/29
Typical performanceL78MxxC
Figure 21. 0.5 to 10 V regulator
VO=VXXR4/R
Figure 22. High current voltage regulator
R1 = ______________
IO = I
I
REQ
REG
1
V
BEQ1
-(IQ1/βQ1)
+ Q1 (I
REG
V
BEQ1
______)
R
1
Figure 23. High output current with short circuit protection
RSC=V
BEQ2/ISC
14/29
L78MxxCTypical performance
Figure 24. Tracking voltage regulator
Figure 25. High input voltage circuit
VIN = VI - (VZ + VBE)
Figure 26. Reducing power dissipation with dropping resistor
V
I(min)-VXX-VDROP(max)
R = ____________________
I
O(max)+Id(max)
15/29
Typical performanceL78MxxC
Figure 27. Power AM modulator (unity voltage gain, I
≤ 0.5)
O
Note:The circuit performs well up to 100 kHz.
Figure 28. Adjustable output voltage with temperature compensation
VO = VXX (1+R2/R1) + V
Note:Q
temperature. C allows a slow rise time of the V
16/29
BE
is connected as a diode in order to compensate the variation of the Q1 VBE with the
2
.
O
L78MxxCPackage mechanical data
7 Package mechanical data
In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in ECOPACK®
packages. These packages have a lead-free second level interconnect. The category of
second Level Interconnect is marked on the package and on the inner box label, in
compliance with JEDEC Standard JESD97. The maximum ratings related to soldering
conditions are also marked on the inner box label. ECOPACK is an ST trademark.
ECOPACK specifications are available at: www.st.com.
Note:The DPAK package coming from the two subcontractors (Fujitsu and IDS) are fully
compatible with the ST's package suggested footprint.
23/29
Package mechanical dataL78MxxC
Figure 32. DPAK footprint recommended data
Table 12.Footprint data
Values
Dim.mm.inch.
A6.700.264
B6.700.64
C1.80.070
D3.00.118
E1.600.063
F2.300.091
G2.300.091
24/29
L78MxxCPackage mechanical data
IPAK mechanical data
Dim.
Min.Typ.Max.Min.Typ.Max.
A2.22.40.0860.094
A10.91.10.0350.043
B0.640.90.0250.035
B25.25.40.2040.212
B30.950.037
B50.30.012
B60.950.037
C0.450.60.0170.023
C20.480.60.0190.023
D66.20.2360.244
E6.46.60.2520.260
G4.44.60.1730.181
H15.916.30.6260.641
L99.40.3540.370
L10.81.20.0310.047
L20.810.0310.039
mm.inch.
0068771-F
25/29
Package mechanical dataL78MxxC
Tape & reel DPAK-PPAK mechanical data
Dim.
Min.Typ.Max.Min.Typ.Max.
A33012.992
C12.813.013.20.5040.5120.519
D20.20.795
N602.362
T22.40.882
Ao6.806.907.000.2680.2720.2.76
Bo10.4010.5010.600.4090.4130.417
Ko2.552.652.750.1000.1040.105
Po3.94.04.10.1530.1570.161
P7.98.08.10.3110.3150.319
mm.inch.
26/29
L78MxxCOrder codes
8 Order codes
Table 13.Order codes
Packages
TO-220TO-220FPDPAKIPAKOutput voltage
L78M05CVL78M05CPL78M05CDT-TRL78M05CDT-15 V
L78M06CDT-TRL78M06CDT-1
L78M08CVL78M08CDT-TRL78M08CDT-1
L78M09CVL78M09CDT-TRL78M09CDT-1
L78M12CVL78M12CDT-TR12 V
L78M15CVL78M15CDT-TR15 V
L78M24CVL78M24CP
1. Available on request
(1)
L78M24CDT-TRL78M24CDT-1
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
6 V
8 V
9 V
24 V
27/29
Revision historyL78MxxC
9 Revision history
Table 14.Document revision history
DateRevisionChanges
21-Jun-20046Document updating.
30-Aug-20067Order codes has been updated and new template.
29-Nov-20068DPAK mechanical data has been updated and add footprint data.
06-Jun-20079Order codes has been updated.
10-Dec-200710Added Ta b le 1 .
19-Feb-200811Modified: Table 1 on page 1.
15-Jul-200812Modified: Table 1 on page 1 and Table 13 on page 27.
28/29
L78MxxC
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