The L78MxxAB series of three-terminal positive
regulators is available in TO-220 and DPAK
packages and with several fixed output voltages,
making it useful in a wide range of applications.
These regulators can provide local on-card
regulation eliminating the distribution problems
associated with single point regulation. Each type
employs internal current limiting, thermal shutdown and safe area protection, making it
essentially indestructible. If adequate heat sinking
is provided, they can deliver over 0.5 A output
current. Although designed primarily as fixed
voltage regulators, these devices can be used
Table 1.Device summary
Part number
L78M05ABL78M10AB
with external components to obtain adjustable
voltage and currents.
Note:Absolute maximum ratings are those values beyond which damage to the device may occur.
Functional operation under these condition is not implied
Table 3.Thermal data
SymbolParameterTO-220DPAKUnit
R
thJC
R
thJA
Thermal resistance junction-case38°C/W
Thermal resistance junction-ambient50100°C/W
Figure 4.Application circuit
5/29
Test circuitsL78MxxAB - L78MxxAC
4 Test circuits
Figure 5.DC parameter
Figure 6.Load regulation
Figure 7.Ripple rejection
6/29
L78MxxAB - L78MxxACElectrical characteristics
5 Electrical characteristics
Table 4.Electrical characteristics of L78M05XX (refer to the test circuits, V
C
= 0.33 µF, CO = 0.1 µF, TJ = -40 to 125 °C (AB), TJ = 0 to 125 °C (AC) unless otherwise
I
= 10 V, IO = 350 mA,
I
specified)
SymbolParameterTest conditionsMin.Typ.Max.Unit
V
V
ΔV
ΔV
ΔI
ΔV
SVRSupply voltage rejection
eNOutput noise voltage B =10Hz to 100kHz, T
V
I
I
Output voltageTJ = 25°C4.955.1V
O
Output voltageIO = 5 to 350 mA, VI = 7 to 20 V4.855.2V
O
V
= 7 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA, TJ = 25°C100
Line regulation
O
Load regulation
O
Quiescent currentTJ = 25°C6mA
I
d
Quiescent current change
d
/ΔTOutput voltage driftIO = 5 mA-0.5mV/°C
O
Dropout voltageTJ = 25°C2V
d
Short circuit currentTJ = 25°C, VI = 35 V300mA
sc
Short circuit peak currentTJ = 25°C700mA
scp
I
= 8 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA, TJ = 25°C50
V
I
I
= 5 to 500 mA, TJ = 25°C100
O
= 5 to 200 mA, TJ = 25°C50
I
O
I
= 5 to 350 mA0.5
O
= 200 mA, VI = 8 to 25 V0.8
I
O
= 8 to 18 V, f = 120Hz, IO = 300mA,
V
I
= 25°C
T
J
= 25°C40µV
J
62dB
mV
mV
mA
7/29
Electrical characteristicsL78MxxAB - L78MxxAC
Table 5.Electrical characteristics of L78M06XX (refer to the test circuits, VI = 11 V, IO = 350 mA,
C
= 0.33 µF, CO = 0.1 µF, TJ = -40 to 125 °C (AB), TJ = 0 to 125 °C (AC) unless otherwise
I
specified)
SymbolParameterTest conditionsMin.Typ.Max.Unit
V
V
ΔV
ΔV
ΔI
ΔV
SVRSupply voltage rejection
Output voltageTJ = 25°C5.8866.12V
O
Output voltageIO = 5 to 350 mA, VI = 8 to 21 V5.7566.3V
O
V
= 8 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA, TJ = 25°C100
Line regulation
O
Load regulation
O
Quiescent currentTJ = 25°C6mA
I
d
Quiescent current change
d
/ΔTOutput voltage driftIO = 5 mA-0.5mV/°C
O
I
= 9 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA, TJ = 25°C30
V
I
I
= 5 to 500 mA, TJ = 25°C120
O
= 5 to 200 mA, TJ = 25°C60
I
O
I
= 5 to 350 mA0.5
O
= 200 mA, VI = 9 to 25 V0.8
I
O
= 9 to 19 V, f = 120Hz, IO = 300mA,
V
I
= 25°C
T
J
59dB
eNOutput noise voltage B =10Hz to 100kHz45µV
V
I
I
Dropout voltageTJ = 25°C2V
d
Short circuit currentTJ = 25°C, VI = 35 V270mA
sc
Short circuit peak currentTJ = 25°C700mA
scp
mV
mV
mA
8/29
L78MxxAB - L78MxxACElectrical characteristics
Table 6.Electrical characteristics of L78M08XX (refer to the test circuits, V
C
= 0.33 µF, CO = 0.1 µF, TJ = -40 to 125 °C (AB), TJ = 0 to 125 °C (AC) unless otherwise
I
= 14 V, IO = 350 mA,
I
specified)
SymbolParameterTest conditionsMin.Typ.Max.Unit
V
V
ΔV
ΔV
Output voltageTJ = 25°C7.8488.16V
O
Output voltageIO = 5 to 350 mA, VI = 10.5 to 23 V7.788.3V
O
= 10.5 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA,
V
I
Line regulation
O
Load regulation
O
Quiescent currentTJ = 25°C6mA
I
d
TJ = 25°C
= 11 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA, TJ = 25°C30
V
I
I
= 5 to 500 mA, TJ = 25°C160
O
= 5 to 200 mA, TJ = 25°C80
I
O
100
IO = 5 to 350 mA0.5
ΔI
ΔV
SVRSupply voltage rejection
eNOutput noise voltage B =10Hz to 100kHz, T
V
I
I
Quiescent current change
d
/ΔTOutput voltage driftIO = 5 mA-0.5mV/°C
O
Dropout voltageTJ = 25°C2V
d
Short circuit currentTJ = 25°C, VI = 35 V250mA
sc
Short circuit peak currentTJ = 25°C700mA
scp
= 200 mA, VI = 10.5 to 25 V0.8
I
O
V
= 11.5 to 21.5 V, f = 120Hz
I
IO = 300mA, TJ = 25°C
= 25°C52µV
J
56dB
mV
mV
mA
9/29
Electrical characteristicsL78MxxAB - L78MxxAC
Table 7.Electrical characteristics of L78M09XX (refer to the test circuits, V
C
= 0.33 µF, CO = 0.1 µF, TJ = -40 to 125 °C (AB), TJ = 0 to 125 °C (AC) unless otherwise
I
= 15 V, IO = 350 mA,
I
specified)
SymbolParameterTest conditionsMin.Typ.Max.Unit
V
V
ΔV
ΔV
Output voltageTJ = 25°C8.8299.18V
O
Output voltageIO = 5 to 350 mA, VI = 11.5 to 24 V8.6499.36V
O
= 11.5 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA,
V
I
Line regulation
O
Load regulation
O
Quiescent currentTJ = 25°C6mA
I
d
TJ = 25°C
= 12 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA, TJ = 25°C30
V
I
I
= 5 to 500 mA, TJ = 25°C180
O
= 5 to 200 mA, TJ = 25°C90
I
O
100
IO = 5 to 350 mA0.5
ΔI
ΔV
SVRSupply voltage rejection
eNOutput noise voltage B =10Hz to 100kHz, T
V
I
I
Quiescent current change
d
/ΔTOutput voltage driftIO = 5 mA-0.5mV/°C
O
Dropout voltageTJ = 25°C2V
d
Short circuit currentVI = 35 V, TJ = 25°C250mA
sc
Short circuit peak currentTJ = 25°C700mA
scp
= 200 mA, VI = 11.5 to 25 V0.8
I
O
V
= 12.5 to 23 V, f = 120Hz,
I
IO = 300mA, TJ = 25°C
= 25°C52µV
J
56dB
mV
mV
mA
10/29
L78MxxAB - L78MxxACElectrical characteristics
Table 8.Electrical characteristics of L78M10XX (refer to the test circuits, V
C
= 0.33 µF, CO = 0.1 µF, TJ = -40 to 125 °C (AB), TJ = 0 to 125 °C (AC) unless otherwise
I
= 16 V, IO = 350 mA,
I
specified)
SymbolParameterTest conditionsMin.Typ.Max.Unit
V
V
ΔV
ΔV
Output voltageTJ = 25°C9.81010.2V
O
Output voltageIO = 5 to 350 mA, VI = 12.5 to 25 V9.61010.4V
O
= 12.5 to 30 V, IO = 200 mA,
V
I
Line regulation
O
Load regulation
O
Quiescent currentTJ = 25°C6mA
I
d
TJ = 25°C
= 13 to 30 V, IO = 200 mA, TJ = 25°C30
V
I
I
= 5 to 500 mA, TJ = 25°C200
O
= 5 to 200 mA, TJ = 25°C100
I
O
100
IO = 5 to 350 mA0.5
ΔI
ΔV
SVRSupply voltage rejection
eNOutput noise voltage B =10Hz to 100kHz, T
V
I
I
Quiescent current change
d
/ΔTOutput voltage driftIO = 5 mA-0.5mV/°C
O
Dropout voltageTJ = 25°C2V
d
Short circuit currentVI = 35 V, TJ = 25°C245mA
sc
Short circuit peak currentTJ = 25°C700mA
scp
= 200 mA, VI = 12.5 to 30 V0.8
I
O
V
= 13.5 to 24 V, f = 120Hz,
I
IO = 300mA, TJ = 25°C
= 25°C64µV
J
56dB
mV
mV
mA
11/29
Electrical characteristicsL78MxxAB - L78MxxAC
Table 9.Electrical characteristics of L78M12XX (refer to the test circuits, VI = 19 V, IO = 350 mA,
C
= 0.33 µF, CO = 0.1 µF, TJ = -40 to 125 °C (AB), TJ = 0 to 125 °C (AC) unless otherwise
I
specified)
SymbolParameterTest conditionsMin.Typ.Max.Unit
V
V
ΔV
ΔV
Output voltageTJ = 25°C11.751212.25V
O
Output voltageIO = 5 to 350 mA, VI = 14.5 to 27 V11.51212.5V
O
= 14.5 to 30 V, IO = 200 mA,
V
I
Line regulation
O
Load regulation
O
Quiescent currentTJ = 25°C6mA
I
d
TJ = 25°C
= 16 to 30 V, IO = 200 mA, TJ = 25°C30
V
I
I
= 5 to 500 mA, TJ = 25°C240
O
= 5 to 200 mA, TJ = 25°C120
I
O
100
IO = 5 to 350 mA0.5
ΔI
ΔV
SVRSupply voltage rejection
eNOutput noise voltage B =10Hz to 100kHz, T
V
I
I
Quiescent current change
d
/ΔTOutput voltage driftIO = 5 mA-1mV/°C
O
Dropout voltageTJ = 25°C2V
d
Short circuit currentVI = 35 V, TJ = 25°C240mA
sc
Short circuit peak currentTJ = 25°C700mA
scp
= 200 mA, VI = 14.5 to 30 V0.8
I
O
V
= 15 to 25 V, f = 120Hz, IO = 300mA,
I
TJ = 25°C
= 25°C75µV
J
55dB
mV
mV
mA
12/29
L78MxxAB - L78MxxACElectrical characteristics
Table 10.Electrical characteristics of L78M15XX (refer to the test circuits, VI = 23 V, IO = 350 mA,
C
= 0.33 µF, CO = 0.1 µF, TJ = -40 to 125 °C (AB), TJ = 0 to 125 °C (AC) unless otherwise
I
specified)
SymbolParameterTest conditionsMin.Typ.Max.Unit
V
V
ΔV
ΔV
Output voltageTJ = 25°C14.71515.3V
O
Output voltageIO = 5 to 350 mA, VI = 17.5 to 30 V14.41515.6V
O
= 17.5 to 30 V, IO = 200 mA,
V
I
Line regulation
O
Load regulation
O
Quiescent currentTJ = 25°C6mA
I
d
TJ = 25°C
= 20 to 30 V, IO = 200 mA, TJ = 25°C30
V
I
I
= 5 to 500 mA, TJ = 25°C300
O
= 5 to 200 mA, TJ = 25°C150
I
O
100
IO = 5 to 350 mA0.5
ΔI
ΔV
SVRSupply voltage rejection
eNOutput noise voltage B =10Hz to 100kHz, T
V
I
I
Quiescent current change
d
/ΔTOutput voltage driftIO = 5 mA-1mV/°C
O
Dropout voltageTJ = 25°C2V
d
Short circuit currentVI = 35 V, TJ = 25°C240mA
sc
Short circuit peak currentTJ = 25°C700mA
scp
= 200 mA, VI = 17.5 to 30 V0.8
I
O
V
= 18.5 to 28.5 V, f = 120Hz,
I
IO = 300mA, TJ = 25°C
= 25°C90µV
J
54dB
mV
mV
mA
13/29
Electrical characteristicsL78MxxAB - L78MxxAC
Table 11.Electrical characteristics of L78M24XX (refer to the test circuits, VI = 33 V, IO = 350 mA,
C
= 0.33 µF, CO = 0.1 µF, TJ = -40 to 125 °C (AB), TJ = 0 to 125 °C (AC) unless otherwise
I
specified)
SymbolParameterTest conditionsMin.Typ.Max.Unit
V
V
ΔV
ΔV
ΔI
ΔV
SVRSupply voltage rejection
eNOutput noise voltage B =10Hz to 100kHz, T
V
I
I
Output voltageTJ = 25°C23.52424.5V
O
Output voltageIO = 5 to 350 mA, VI = 27 to 38 V232425V
O
V
= 27 to 38 V, IO = 200 mA, TJ = 25°C100
Line regulation
O
Load regulation
O
Quiescent currentTJ = 25°C6mA
I
d
Quiescent current change
d
/ΔTOutput voltage driftIO = 5 mA-1.2mV/°C
O
Dropout voltageTJ = 25°C2V
d
Short circuit currentVI = 35 V, TJ = 25°C240mA
sc
Short circuit peak currentTJ = 25°C700mA
scp
I
= 28 to 38 V, IO = 200 mA, TJ = 25°C30
V
I
I
= 5 to 500 mA, TJ = 25°C480
O
= 5 to 200 mA, TJ = 25°C240
I
O
I
= 5 to 350 mA0.5
O
= 200 mA, VI = 27 to 38 V0.8
I
O
= 28 to 38 V, f = 120Hz, IO = 300mA,
V
I
= 25°C
T
J
= 25°C170µV
J
50dB
mV
mV
mA
14/29
L78MxxAB - L78MxxACTypical performance
6 Typical performance
Figure 8.Dropout voltage vs junction temp.Figure 9.Dropout characteristics
Figure 10.Peak output current vs input-output
Figure 12. Supply voltage rejection vs freq.Figure 13. Quiescent current vs junction temp.
differential voltage
Figure 11. Output voltage vs junction
temperature
15/29
Typical performanceL78MxxAB - L78MxxAC
Figure 14. Load transient responseFigure 15. Line transient response
Figure 16. Quiescent current vs input voltage
16/29
L78MxxAB - L78MxxACApplications information
7 Applications information
7.1 Design considerations
The L78MxxAB series of fixed voltage regulators are designed with thermal overload
protection that shuts down the circuit when subjected to an excessive power overload
condition, internal short-circuit protection that limits the maximum current the circuit will
pass, and output transistor Safe-Area compensation that reduces the output short-circuit as
the voltage across the pass transistor is increased. In many low current applications,
compensation capacitors are not required. However, it is recommended that the regulator
input be bypassed with a capacitor if the regulator is connected to the power supply filter
with long wire lengths, or if the output load capacitance is large. An input bypass capacitor
should be selected to provide good high-frequency characteristics to insure stable operation
under all load conditions. A 0.33 µF or larger tantalum, mylar, or other capacitor having low
internal impedance at high frequencies should be chosen. The bypass capacitor should be
mounted with the shortest possible leads directly across the regulators input terminals.
Normally good construction techniques should be used to minimize ground loops and lead
resistance drops since the regulator has no external sense lead.
Figure 17. Current regulator
IO = VXX/R1+I
Figure 18. Adjustable output regulator
d
VO = 7.0V to 20V
V
- VO ≥ 2.0V
I
17/29
Applications informationL78MxxAB - L78MxxAC
Figure 19. Current boost regulator
V
I
REQ
REG
BEQ1
-(IQ1/βQ1)
+ Q1 (I
REG
V
BEQ1
______)
R
1
R1 = ______________
IO = I
Figure 20. Short-circuit protection
Note:The circuit of Figure 19 can be modified to provide supply protection against short circuits by
adding a short-circuit sense resistor, R
, and an additional PNP transistor. The current
SC
sensing PNP must be able to handle the short-circuit current of the three-terminal regulator.
Therefore, a four-ampere plastic power transistor is specified.
18/29
L78MxxAB - L78MxxACPackage mechanical data
8 Package mechanical data
In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in ECOPACK®
packages. These packages have a lead-free second level interconnect. The category of
second Level Interconnect is marked on the package and on the inner box label, in
compliance with JEDEC Standard JESD97. The maximum ratings related to soldering
conditions are also marked on the inner box label. ECOPACK is an ST trademark.
ECOPACK specifications are available at: www.st.com.
19/29
Package mechanical dataL78MxxAB - L78MxxAC
TO-220 mechanical data
Dim.
A4.404.600.1730.181
C1.231.320.0480.051
D2.402.720.0940.107
D11.270.050
E0.490.700.0190.027
F0.610.880.0240.034
F11.141.700.0440.067
F21.141.700.0440.067
G4.955.150.1940.203
G12.42.70.0940.106
H210.010.400.3930.409
L216.40.645
L413.014.00.5110.551
L52.652.950.1040.116
L615.2515.750.6000.620
L76.26.60.2440.260
L93.53.930.1370.154
DIA.3.753.850.1470.151
Min.Typ.Max.Min.Typ.Max.
mm.inch.
20/29
P011C
L78MxxAB - L78MxxACPackage mechanical data
Figure 21. Drawing dimension DPAK type STD-ST
0068772/G
21/29
Package mechanical dataL78MxxAB - L78MxxAC
Figure 22. Drawing dimension DPAK type FUJITSU-Subcon.
22/29
0068772/G
L78MxxAB - L78MxxACPackage mechanical data
Figure 23. Drawing dimension DPAK type IDS-Subcon.
0068772/G
23/29
Package mechanical dataL78MxxAB - L78MxxAC
Table 12.DPAK mechanical data
Type STD-STType FUJITSU-Subcon.Type IDS-Subcon.
Dim.
Min.Typ.Max.Min.Typ.Max.Min.Typ.Max.
A2.202.402.252.302.352.192.38
A10.901.100.961.060.891.14
A20.030.2300.100.030.23
b0.640.900.760.860.640.88
b45.205.405.285.385.215.46
c0.450.600.460.560.460.58
c20.480.600.460.560.460.58
D6.006.206.056.155.976.22
D15.105.275.475.20
E6.406.606.556.606.656.356.73
E14.704.774.70
e2.282.232.282.332.28
e14.404.604.514.61
H9.3510.109.9010.309.4010.42
L1.001.401.600.90
mm.mm.mm.
L12.802.502.65
L20.801.031.130.891.27
L40.601.000.700.900.641.02
R0.200.400.20
V20°8°0°8°0°8°
Note:The DPAK package coming from the two subcontractors (Fujitsu and IDS) are fully
compatible with the ST's package suggested footprint.
24/29
L78MxxAB - L78MxxACPackage mechanical data
Figure 24. DPAK footprint recommended data
Table 13.Footprint data
Values
Dim.mm.inch.
A6.700.264
B6.700.64
C1.80.070
D3.00.118
E1.600.063
F2.300.091
G2.300.091
25/29
Package mechanical dataL78MxxAB - L78MxxAC
Tape & reel DPAK-PPAK mechanical data
Dim.
Min.Typ.Max.Min.Typ.Max.
A33012.992
C12.813.013.20.5040.5120.519
D20.20.795
N602.362
T22.40.882
Ao6.806.907.000.2680.2720.2.76
Bo10.4010.5010.600.4090.4130.417
Ko2.552.652.750.1000.1040.105
Po3.94.04.10.1530.1570.161
P7.98.08.10.3110.3150.319
mm.inch.
26/29
L78MxxAB - L78MxxACOrder codes
9 Order codes
Table 14.Order codes
Packaging
Part numbers
TO-220DPAKOutput voltage
L78M05ABL78M05ABVL78M05ABDT-TR5 V
L78M05ACL78M05ACDT-TR5 V
L78M06ABL78M06ABDT-TR6 V
L78M08ABL78M08ABDT-TR8 V
L78M08ACL78M08ACDT-TR8 V
L78M09ABL78M09ABVL78M09ABDT-TR9 V
L78M10ABL78M10ABDT-TR10 V
L78M12ABL78M12ABVL78M12ABDT-TR12 V
L78M12ACL78M12ACDT-TR12 V
L78M15ABL78M15ABVL78M15ABDT-TR15 V
L78M24ABL78M24ABDT-TR24 V
L78M24ACL78M24ACDT-TR24 V
27/29
Revision historyL78MxxAB - L78MxxAC
10 Revision history
Table 15.Document revision history
DateRevisionChanges
30-Aug-20063Order Codes updated.
05-Oct-20064DPAK mechanical data updated and add footprint data.
10-Dec-20075Modified: Tab le 1 4.
20-Feb-20086Modified: Table 14 on page 27.
15-Jul-20087Modified: Table 14 on page 27.
28/29
L78MxxAB - L78MxxAC
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