The L78xxAB L78xxAC series of three terminal
positive regulators are available in TO-220,
TO-220FP, and D
fixed output voltages, making it useful in a wide
range of applications. These regulators can
provide local on-card regulation, eliminating the
distribution problem associated with single point
regulation. Each type employs internal current
limiting, thermal shut-down and safe area
protection, making it essentially indestructible. If
adequate heat sinking is provided, they can
deliver over 1 A output current, although designed
primarily as fixed voltage regulators, these
devices can be used with external components to
obtain adjustable voltage and currents.
Note:Absolute maximum ratings are those values beyond which damage to the device may occur.
Functional operation under these condition is not implied.
Table 3.Thermal data
SymbolParameterTO-220TO-220FPD2PAKU ni t
R
R
thJC
thJA
Thermal resistance junction-case353°C/W
Thermal resistance junction-ambient506062.5°C/W
Figure 4.Application circuit
5/26
Test circuitsL78xxAB - L78xxAC
4 Test circuits
Figure 5.DC parameter
Figure 6.Load regulation
Figure 7.Ripple rejection
6/26
L78xxAB - L78xxACElectrical characteristics
5 Electrical characteristics
Table 4.Electrical characteristics of L7805A (VI = 10 V, IO = 1 A, TJ = 0 to 150 °C (L7805AC),
T
= -40 to 125 °C (L7805AB), unless otherwise specified)
J
SymbolParameterTest conditionsMin.Typ.Max.Unit
V
V
ΔV
ΔVO(*)Load regulation
ΔI
SVRSupply voltage rejectionV
V
eNOutput noise voltageT
R
I
I
ΔV
1. Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in VO due to heating effects must be
taken into account separately. Pulse testing with low duty cycle is used.
Output voltageTJ = 25°C4.955.1V
O
= 5mA to 1A, PO ≤15W
I
Output voltage
O
(1)
Line regulation
O
I
Quiescent current
q
Quiescent current change
q
Dropout voltageIO = 1A, TJ = 25°C2V
d
Output resistancef =1kHz17mΩ
O
Short circuit currentVI = 35V, TA = 25°C0.2A
sc
Short circuit peak currentTJ = 25°C2.2A
scp
/ΔTOutput voltage drift-1.1mV/°C
O
O
= 7.5 to 20V
V
I
= 7.5 to 25V, IO = 500 mA750mV
V
I
= 8 to 12V1050mV
V
I
V
= 8 to 12V, TJ = 25°C225mV
I
= 7.3 to 20V, TJ = 25°C750mV
V
I
= 5mA to 1A25100mV
I
O
I
= 5mA to 1.5A, TJ = 25°C30100V
O
= 250 to 750mA850V
I
O
T
= 25°C4.36mA
J
4.855.2V
6mA
V
= 8 to 25V, IO = 500 mA0.8mA
I
= 7.5 to 20V, TJ = 25°C0.8mA
V
I
I
= 5mA to 1A0.5mA
O
= 8 to 18V, f = 120Hz, IO = 500mA68dB
I
= 25°C, B =10Hz to 100kHz10µV/V
A
O
7/26
Electrical characteristicsL78xxAB - L78xxAC
Table 5.Electrical characteristics of L7806A (VI = 11 V, IO = 1 A, TJ = 0 to 150 °C (L7806AC),
T
= -40 to 125 °C (L7806AB), unless otherwise specified)
J
SymbolParameterTest conditionsMin.Typ.Max.Unit
V
V
ΔV
ΔV
ΔI
SVRSupply voltage rejectionV
V
eNOutput noise voltageT
R
I
I
ΔV
1. Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in VO due to heating effects must be
taken into account separately. Pulse testing with low duty cycle is used.
Output voltageTJ = 25°C5.8866.12V
O
= 5mA to 1A, PO ≤15W
I
Output voltage
O
(1)
Line regulation
O
(1)
Load regulation
O
I
Quiescent current
q
Quiescent current change
q
Dropout voltageIO = 1A, TJ = 25°C2V
d
Output resistancef =1kHz17mΩ
O
Short circuit currentVI = 35V, TA = 25°C0.2A
sc
Short circuit peak currentTJ = 25°C2.2A
scp
/ΔTOutput voltage drift-0.8mV/°C
O
O
= 8.6 to 21V
V
I
= 8.6 to 25V, IO = 500 mA960mV
V
I
= 9 to 13V1160mV
V
I
V
= 9 to 13V, TJ = 25°C330mV
I
= 8.3 to 21V, TJ = 25°C960mV
V
I
= 5mA to 1A25100mV
I
O
I
= 5mA to 1.5A, TJ = 25°C30100V
O
= 250 to 750mA1050V
I
O
T
= 25°C4.36mA
J
5.7666.24V
6mA
V
= 9 to 25V, IO = 500 mA0.8mA
I
= 8.6 to 21V, TJ = 25°C0.8mA
V
I
I
= 5mA to 1A0.5mA
O
= 9 to 19V, f = 120Hz, IO = 500mA65dB
I
= 25°C, B =10Hz to 100kHz10µV/V
A
O
8/26
L78xxAB - L78xxACElectrical characteristics
Table 6.Electrical characteristics of L7808A (VI = 14 V, IO = 1 A, TJ = 0 to 150 °C (L7808AC),
T
= -40 to 125 °C (L7808AB), unless otherwise specified)
J
SymbolParameterTest conditionsMin.Typ.Max.Unit
V
V
ΔV
ΔV
ΔI
SVRSupply voltage rejection
V
eNOutput noise voltageT
R
I
I
ΔV
1. Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in VO due to heating effects must be
taken into account separately. Pulse testing with low duty cycle is used.
Output voltageTJ = 25°C7.8488.16V
O
= 5mA to 1A, PO ≤15W
I
Output voltage
O
(1)
Line regulation
O
(1)
Load regulation
O
I
Quiescent current
q
Quiescent current change
q
Dropout voltageIO = 1A, TJ = 25°C2V
d
Output resistancef =1kHz18mΩ
O
Short circuit currentVI = 35V, TA = 25°C0.2A
sc
Short circuit peak currentTJ = 25°C2.2A
scp
/ΔTOutput voltage drift-0.8mV/°C
O
O
= 10.6 to 23V
V
I
= 10.6 to 25V, IO = 500 mA1280mV
V
I
= 11 to 17V1580mV
V
I
V
= 11 to 17V, TJ = 25°C540mV
I
= 10.4 to 23V, TJ = 25°C1280mV
V
I
= 5mA to 1A25100mV
I
O
I
= 5mA to 1.5A, TJ = 25°C30100V
O
= 250 to 750mA1050V
I
O
T
= 25°C4.36mA
J
7.788.3V
6mA
V
= 11 to 25V, IO = 500 mA0.8mA
I
= 10.6 to 23V, TJ = 25°C0.8mA
V
I
I
= 5mA to 1A0.5mA
O
= 11.5 to 21.5V, f = 120Hz,
V
I
IO = 500mA
= 25°C, B =10Hz to 100kHz10µV/V
A
62dB
O
9/26
Electrical characteristicsL78xxAB - L78xxAC
Table 7.Electrical characteristics of L7809A (VI = 15 V, IO = 1 A, TJ = 0 to 150 °C (L7809AC),
T
= -40 to 125 °C (L7809AB), unless otherwise specified)
J
SymbolParameterTest conditionsMin.Typ.Max.Unit
V
V
ΔV
ΔV
ΔI
SVRSupply voltage rejection
V
eNOutput noise voltageT
R
I
I
ΔV
1. Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in VO due to heating effects must be
taken into account separately. Pulse testing with low duty cycle is used.
Output voltageTJ = 25°C8.8299.18V
O
= 5mA to 1A, PO ≤15W
I
Output voltage
O
(1)
Line regulation
O
(1)
Load regulation
O
I
Quiescent current
q
Quiescent current change
q
Dropout voltageIO = 1A, TJ = 25°C2V
d
Output resistancef =1kHz18mΩ
O
Short circuit currentVI = 35V, TA = 25°C0.2A
sc
Short circuit peak currentTJ = 25°C2.2A
scp
/ΔTOutput voltage drift-0.8mV/°C
O
O
= 10.6 to 23V
V
I
= 10.6 to 25V, IO = 500 mA1290mV
V
I
= 11 to 17V1590mV
V
I
V
= 11 to 17V, TJ = 25°C545mV
I
= 10.4 to 23V, TJ = 25°C1290mV
V
I
= 5mA to 1A25100mV
I
O
I
= 5mA to 1.5A, TJ = 25°C30100V
O
= 250 to 750mA1050V
I
O
T
= 25°C4.36mA
J
8.6599.35V
6mA
V
= 11 to 25V, IO = 500 mA0.8mA
I
= 10.6 to 23V, TJ = 25°C0.8mA
V
I
I
= 5mA to 1A0.5mA
O
= 11.5 to 21.5V, f = 120Hz,
V
I
IO = 500mA
= 25°C, B =10Hz to 100kHz10µV/V
A
61dB
O
10/26
L78xxAB - L78xxACElectrical characteristics
Table 8.Electrical characteristics of L7812A (VI = 19 V, IO = 1 A, TJ = 0 to 150 °C (L7812AC),
T
= -40 to 125 °C (L7812AB), unless otherwise specified)
J
SymbolParameterTest conditionsMin.Typ.Max.Unit
V
V
ΔV
ΔV
ΔI
SVRSupply voltage rejectionV
V
eNOutput noise voltageT
R
I
I
ΔV
1. Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in VO due to heating effects must be
taken into account separately. Pulse testing with low duty cycle is used.
Output voltageTJ = 25°C11.751212.25V
O
= 5mA to 1A, PO ≤15W
I
Output voltage
O
(1)
Line regulation
O
(1)
Load regulation
O
I
Quiescent current
q
Quiescent current change
q
Dropout voltageIO = 1A, TJ = 25°C2V
d
Output resistancef =1kHz18mΩ
O
Short circuit currentVI = 35V, TA = 25°C0.2A
sc
Short circuit peak currentTJ = 25°C2.2A
scp
/ΔTOutput voltage drift-1mV/°C
O
O
= 14.8 to 27V
V
I
= 14.8 to 30V, IO = 500 mA13120mV
V
I
= 16 to 12V16120mV
V
I
V
= 16 to 12V, TJ = 25°C660mV
I
= 14.5 to 27V, TJ = 25°C13120mV
V
I
= 5mA to 1A25100mV
I
O
I
= 5mA to 1.5A, TJ = 25°C30100V
O
= 250 to 750mA1050V
I
O
T
= 25°C4.46mA
J
11.51212.5V
6mA
V
= 15 to 30V, IO = 500 mA0.8mA
I
= 14.8 to 27V, TJ = 25°C0.8mA
V
I
I
= 5mA to 1A0.5mA
O
= 15 to 25V, f = 120Hz, IO = 500mA60dB
I
= 25°C, B =10Hz to 100kHz10µV/V
A
O
11/26
Electrical characteristicsL78xxAB - L78xxAC
Table 9.Electrical characteristics of L7815A (VI = 23 V, IO = 1 A, TJ = 0 to 150 °C (L7815AC),
T
= -40 to 125 °C (L7815AB), unless otherwise specified)
J
SymbolParameterTest conditionsMin.Typ.Max.Unit
V
V
ΔV
ΔV
ΔI
SVRSupply voltage rejection
V
eNOutput noise voltageT
R
I
I
ΔV
1. Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in VO due to heating effects must be
taken into account separately. Pulse testing with low duty cycle is used.
Output voltageTJ = 25°C14.71515.3V
O
= 5mA to 1A, PO ≤15W
I
Output voltage
O
(1)
Line regulation
O
(1)
Load regulation
O
I
Quiescent current
q
Quiescent current change
q
Dropout voltageIO = 1A, TJ = 25°C2V
d
Output resistancef =1kHz19mΩ
O
Short circuit currentVI = 35V, TA = 25°C0.2A
sc
Short circuit peak currentTJ = 25°C2.2A
scp
/ΔTOutput voltage drift-1mV/°C
O
O
= 17.9 to 30V
V
I
= 17.9 to 30V, IO = 500 mA13150mV
V
I
= 20 to 26V16150mV
V
I
V
= 20 to 26V, TJ = 25°C675mV
I
= 17.5 to 30V, TJ = 25°C13150mV
V
I
= 5mA to 1A25100mV
I
O
I
= 5mA to 1.5A, TJ = 25°C30100V
O
= 250 to 750mA1050V
I
O
T
= 25°C4.46mA
J
14.41515.6V
6mA
V
= 17.5 to 30V, IO = 500 mA0.8mA
I
= 17.5 to 30V, TJ = 25°C0.8mA
V
I
I
= 5mA to 1A0.5mA
O
= 18.5 to 28.5V, f = 120Hz,
V
I
IO = 500mA
= 25°C, B =10Hz to 100kHz10µV/V
A
58dB
O
12/26
L78xxAB - L78xxACElectrical characteristics
Table 10.Electrical characteristics of L7824A (VI = 33 V, IO = 1 A, TJ = 0 to 150 °C (L7824AC),
T
= -40 to 125 °C (L7824AB), unless otherwise specified)
J
SymbolParameterTest conditionsMin.Typ.Max.Unit
V
V
ΔV
ΔV
ΔI
SVRSupply voltage rejectionV
V
eNOutput noise voltageT
R
I
I
ΔV
1. Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in VO due to heating effects must be
taken into account separately. Pulse testing with low duty cycle is used.
Output voltageTJ = 25°C23.52424.5V
O
= 5mA to 1A, PO ≤15W
I
Output voltage
O
(1)
Line regulation
O
(1)
Load regulation
O
I
Quiescent current
q
Quiescent current change
q
Dropout voltageIO = 1A, TJ = 25°C2V
d
Output resistancef =1kHz20mΩ
O
Short circuit currentVI = 35V, TA = 25°C0.2A
sc
Short circuit peak currentTJ = 25°C2.2A
scp
/ΔTOutput voltage drift-1.5mV/°C
O
O
= 27.3 to 38V
V
I
= 27 to 38V, IO = 500 mA31240mV
V
I
= 30 to 36V35200mV
V
I
V
= 30 to 36V, TJ = 25°C14120mV
I
= 26.7 to 38V, TJ = 25°C31240mV
V
I
= 5mA to 1A25100mV
I
O
I
= 5mA to 1.5A, TJ = 25°C30100V
O
= 250 to 750mA1050V
I
O
T
= 25°C4.66mA
J
232425V
6mA
V
= 27.3 to 38V, IO = 500 mA0.8mA
I
= 27.3 to 38V, TJ = 25°C0.8mA
V
I
I
= 5mA to 1A0.5mA
O
= 28 to 38V, f = 120Hz, IO = 500mA54dB
I
= 25°C, B =10Hz to 100kHz10µV/V
A
O
13/26
Application informationL78xxAB - L78xxAC
6 Application information
6.1 Design consideration
The L78xxA Series of fixed voltage regulators are designed with Thermal Overload
Protection that shuts down the circuit when subjected to an excessive power overload
condition, internal short-circuit protection that limits the maximum current the circuit will
pass, and output transistor safe-area compensation that reduces the output short-circuit
current as the voltage across the pass transistor is increased. In many low current
applications, compensation capacitors are not required. However, it is recommended that
the regulator input be bypassed with capacitor if the regulator is connected to the power
supply filter with long lengths, or if the output load capacitance is large. An input bypass
capacitor should be selected to provide good high frequency characteristics to insure stable
operation under all load conditions. A 0.33 µF or larger tantalum, mylar or other capacitor
having low internal impedance at high frequencies should be chosen. The bypass capacitor
should be mounted with the shortest possible leads directly across the regulators input
terminals. Normally good construction techniques should be used to minimize ground loops
and lead resistance drops since the regulator has no external sense lead.
The addition of an operational amplifier allows adjustment to higher or intermediate values
while retaining regulation characteristics. The minimum voltage obtained with the
arrangement is 2 V greater than the regulator voltage.
The circuit of figure 6 can be modified to provide supply protection against short circuit by
adding a short circuit sense resistor, RSC, and an additional PNP transistor. The current
sensing PNP must be able to handle the short circuit current of the three terminal regulator
Therefore a four ampere plastic power transistor is specified.
Figure 8.DC parameter
IO = VXX/R1+I
d
14/26
L78xxAB - L78xxACApplication information
Figure 9.DC parameter
VO = 7 to 20V
VI - VO ≥ 2V
Figure 10. DC parameter
V
I
REQ
REG
BEQ1
-(IQ1/βQ1)
+ Q1 (I
REG
V
BEQ1
______)
R1 = ______________
IO = I
R
Figure 11. DC parameter
1
15/26
Package mechanical dataL78xxAB - L78xxAC
7 Package mechanical data
In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in ECOPACK®
packages. These packages have a lead-free second level interconnect. The category of
second Level Interconnect is marked on the package and on the inner box label, in
compliance with JEDEC Standard JESD97. The maximum ratings related to soldering
conditions are also marked on the inner box label. ECOPACK is an ST trademark.
ECOPACK specifications are available at: www.st.com.
Note:The D2PAK package coming from the subcontractor Wooseok is fully compatible with the
ST's package suggested footprint.
21/26
Package mechanical dataL78xxAB - L78xxAC
Figure 14. D2PAK footprint recommended data
Table 12.Footprint data
Dim.mm.inch.
A12.200.480
B9.750.384
C16.900.665
D3.500.138
E1.600.063
F2.540.100
G5.080.200
Values
22/26
L78xxAB - L78xxACPackage mechanical data
Tape & reel D2PAK-P2PAK-D2PAK/A-P2PAK/A mechanical data
Dim.
Min.Typ.Max.Min.Typ.Max.
A1807.086
C12.813.013.20.5040.5120.519
D20.20.795
N602.362
T14.40.567
Ao10.5010.610.700.4130.4170.421
Bo15.7015.8015.900.6180.6220.626
Ko4.804.905.000.1890.1930.197
Po3.94.04.10.1530.1570.161
P11.912.012.10.4680.4720.476
mm.inch.
23/26
Order codesL78xxAB - L78xxAC
8 Order codes
Table 13.Order codes
Packaging
Part number
TO-220TO-220FPD
L7805ABL7805ABVL7805ABPL7805ABD2T-TR5 V
L7805ACL7805ACVL7805ACPL7805ACD2T-TR5 V
L7806ABL7806ABVL7806ABD2T-TR6 V
L7806ACL7806ACVL7806ACD2T-TR6 V
L7808ABL7808ABVL7808ABD2T-TR8 V
L7808ACL7808ACVL7808ACD2T-TR8 V
L7809ABL7809ABVL7809ABD2T-TR9 V
L7809ACL7809ACVL7809ACD2T-TR9 V
L7812ABL7812ABVL7812ABD2T-TR12 V
L7812ACL7812ACVL7812ACD2T-TR12 V
L7815ABL7815ABVL7815ABD2T-TR15 V
L7815ACL7815ACVL7815ACD2T-TR15 V
2
PAK
Output voltage
L7824ABL7824ABVL7824ABD2T-TR24 V
L7824ACL7824ACV24 V
24/26
L78xxAB - L78xxACRevision history
9 Revision history
Table 14.Document revision history
DateRevisionChanges
21-Jun-20049Document updating.
04-Aug-200610Order codes updated and new template.
2
19-Jan-200711D
07-Mar-200712Update figure D
01-Jun-200713Order codes updated.
25-Jul-200714Add Ta b le 1 in cover page.
11-Dec-200715Modified: Ta b le 1 3 .
20-Feb-200816Modified: Table 13 on page 24.
15-Jul-200817Modified: Table 1 on page 1 and Table 13 on page 24.
PAK mechanical data has been updated and add footprint data.
2
PAK in cover page.
25/26
L78xxAB - L78xxAC
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