Star Micronics LC-20 User Manual

USERS MANUAL

LC-2

DOT MATRIX PRINTER

80820476

0

Trademark Acknowledgements

LC-20, NX-1OOO,LC.1O,ND.10/15: StarMicronicsCo., Lid.
IBM PC, PC-AT, PC-XT,
Corp.
Microaoft BASIC, MS-DOS: MicrosoftCorporation
LX.85Q FX86q Fx286e:

NOTICE

● All rights reserved. Reproduction of aoy partof this manual in any form whatsoeverwithout

. %~~~~?~%~~%;~;~~;% ckgewitiattim.

● All effortshavebeenmadeto ensuretheaccuracyof the contentsofthismanrralatthetime of

press,However, shotddanyerrorahe detected,STAR would greatlya~reciate being informed
of them.

● The abovenotwithstanding,STAR cartassumeno responsibilityforanyerrorsinthis manual.

ProprinterIII, ProprhrterII, PC.DOS: InternationalBusinessMachines

seikO @sOn Corp.

. .

@Copyright1990StarMicronicsCo.,Ltd.

HOW TO USE THIS MANUAL

Thismanualis organizedintoninechapters.Tolearnhowtomakethebest
useof yourprinteryou areurgedtoreadthroughchapten 1through3.The
remainingchaptersmay be treatedas a referenceguidefor programming
operations,etc. It assumes a degree of knowledgeof the operationof
computexx(forinstance,itassumesyouknowabouthexadecimalnumbers).
Thechaptexxareas follows:

Chapter 1— Settinguptheprinter
Thischapterexplainshowtogettheprinterunpackedandsetup. Readthis

chapterbeforeyoudo anythingelse.

Chapter 2 — Controlpaneloperations
There are a numberof controlson the frontpanel whichperformvarious

functionsrelatedto paperhandling,printmodesandfontselection.
Aftergettingsetup,readthischapterandtryoutthevariousproceduresin

itto findouthowthe printerworks.

Chapter 3 — DIP switchsettings

Thischapterexplainshowto set theDIP switchesto make systemsettings
on the printer.

Chapter 4 — Printercontrolcommands
Thischapterexplainsthe diffe~nt emulationsprovidedbyyourprinter,and

the softwarecommandsusedto drive it. This sectionis of use if you are
writingor modifiing progr~s to take advantageoftheprinter’sfeatures.

Chapter 5 — Downloadcharactem
Thischapterexplainstheproceduresto createyourown characters.

Chapter6— MS-DOSand yourprinter

Sincethe PC or PC-AT family of computemrunningunderMS-DOS is
curnmtlythe most popularconfigurationof microcomputer,we have in­cludedafewhintsandtipsto helpyouuseyourprinterwithsuchsystems.
SincevirtuallyallPCsaresoldwithaMicrosoftBASICinterpreter,wehave
also included some hints, and a sample program in this language to
demonstratethecapabilitiesof the printer.

Chapter 7 — Troubleshootingandmaintenance

Thissectiongivesachecklistofpointstocheckifyourprinterisnotworking
in theexpectedway. It alsoincludesdetailsof someroutinemaintenance
operationsyoucancarryoutyourself.Itisno~however,acompleteservice
manual.Callaqualifiedserviceengineerifyouareunsureofyourabilityto
carryout anymaintenanceorservicingoperations.

Chapter 8 — Specifications
Thissectiongivesthe specificationsof yourprinter.

Chapter 9 — Charactersets
Thesechartsgivethedifferentcharactersetsavailable,andthedifferences

betweennationalcharactersets(assetup withtheDIP switches).

FEATURES OF THE PRINTER

Thisprinterisaconvenient,monochromeprinterwithoutfiillsbutwithafull
complementof features, making it an excellentpartner for a personal
computer.It supportstheIBM/Epsonprintercommandsandcharactersets,
enablingittoprintjustaboutanythingyourcomputercangenerate,bothtext

and graphics.Someofitsmain featuresarethe following:

. ExtensivesoftwareSupport

Sinceit is compatiblewiththeEpsonandIBMprinters,it workswith any
softwarethat supportsthoseprintem.Thatincludesmostword-processing
andgraphicsprograms,spread-sheets,andintegratedsoftwarepackages.

. Easy”operation

Clearlyunderstandableindicatordisplaysandbeeptonesprovideimmedi­ate feedbackwhen you press the buttonson the controlpanel.The four
buttonscanoperateincombinationstoperforma surprisingvarietyoffunc­tions,includingmicro-alignment.

. Easycare andmaintenance
The ribbon cartridgecan be replacedin secondsthe print head in a few

minutes.

. Versatilepaperhandling
Singlesheets,fanfoldforms,andmulti-copyforms(upto triple-ply)areall

accepted,andyoucanuse eithertractoror frictionfeed.A specialfeature
enablesyou to keep fanfoldforms parked in readinesswhileprintingon
otherpaper.

● Largevarietyof fontsand sizes

The printerhas one draft font andfourNLQ fonts(Courier,Sanserif,and

Oratorwith small capitalsor lower case), italicsfor all styles,plus con-

densedprint,boldprint,double-sizedprint,andquadruple-sizedprint.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Chapter 1 SETTING UP THE PRINTER

LocatingthePrinter
UnpackingandInspection

Checkthecartoncontents
Partsnameoftheprinter

Setting

Loading Single Sheets

Loading and Parking Fanfold Forms

Adjusting the

Up
Mount the platen knob
Install the ribbon cartridge
Comection

Automatic loading
Manual loading

Loading the paper
Paper parking
Paper unparking

PrintingGap

Chapter 2 CONTROL PANEL OPERATIONS

ButtonsandIndicators

ONLINEbutton
PAPERFEEDbutton
PITCHbutton
FONTbutton

Power-UpFunctions

Shorttestmode
Longtestmode
Stayinpanelpitch
Stayinpanelfont
Stayinpanelpitchandfont
Hexadecimaldump

SwitchCombinationFunctions

Formfeed
PaperParking
Topofform
Forwardmicro-feed
Reversemicro-feed
Clearingthebuffer

1

1
2
2
3
4
4
4
7
8
8

10

11
11
14
14
15

17
17
18
19

19
20
21
21
22
22
22
22
23
25
25
26
26
26
27
27

Chapter 3 DIP SWITCH SETTINGS

LocationoftheDIPSwitches
FunctionsoftheDIPSwitches

29
29

30

Chapter 4 PRINTER CONTROL COMMANDS

FontControlCommands
CharacterSetCommands
CharacterSizeandPitchCommands
VerticalPositionCommands
HorizontalPositionCommands
GraphicsCommands
DownloadCharacterCommands
OtherPrinterControlCommands

Chapter 5 DOWNLOAD CHARACTERS

DesigningYourOwnDraftCharacters

Definingtheattributedata
Assigningthechamcterdata
Sampleprogram

DefiningYourOwnNLQCharacters

Chapter 6 MS-DOSANDYOUR PRINTER

InstallingApplicationSoftwarewithYourPrinter

EmbeddingPrinterCommands
ProgrammingthePrinterwithDOSCommands
ProgrammingwithBASIC

Howtheprogramworks

Chapter 7 TROUBLESHOOTING ANDMAINTENANCE

Troubleshooting

Powersupply
Printing

Paperfeeding
Maintenance
ReplacingthePrintHead

33
34

39
41
47
53
58
61
65

69
69
70
72
72
74

77
77
78
80
82
86

89
89

90
90
92
95
95

.

Chapter 8 SPECIFICATIONS
Chapter 9 CHARACTER SETS

StandardCharacterSet
InternationalCharacterSets
IBMCharacter

Set #2

IBMCharacterSet#1

IBM Special Character Set

INDEX

COMMANDSUMMARY

99

103

104
106
107
109
110

113

116

chapter 1

SETTING UP THE PRINTER

Subjects covered in Chapter 1 include—

●

Locatingtheprinter

●

Unpackingandinspection(namesof parts)

✎

Settingup and connection

✎

Loadingsinglesheets

●

Loadingandparkingfanfoldforms

✘

Adjustingtheprintinggap

LOCATING THE PRINTER

Beforeyoustartunpackingandsettingup yourprinter,makesurethatyou

haveasuitableplaceonwhichtolocateit. By“asuitableplace”,wemean:

.

A firm, levelsurfacewhichisfairlyvibration-free

●

Awayfromexcessiveheat(suchas directsunlight,heaters,etc)

●

Awayfrom excessivehumidity

●

Awayfrom excessivedust

●

Supplyitwith“clean”electricity.Donotconnectittothesamecircuitas
a large,noise-producingappliancesuchas a refrigerator.

●

Make sure the line voltage is the voltage specified on the printer’s
identificationplate.

●

To discomect theprintertheplughasto be disconnectedfromthe wall

socket,whichhas to be locatedcloseto theprinter,andeasyto access.

●

Installthe printerwhere themis sufficientroomfor the paper and any
paperbeingfedin or printedout.

●

Ifyouareconnectingyourprinterwithaparallelcable,makesurethatthe
cableis within2m{6-fi)of theprinter.AnRS-232connectionusingthe
optionalSPC-8Kinterfacecan be madeoverlongerdistances.

I

UNPACKINGAND INSPECTION

Checkthecartoncontents

Nowunpackthecontentsoftheshippingcarton,andcheckeachiteminthe
boxagainstFigwe 1-1tomakesurethatyouhaveeverything(thereshould
befiveitems).
If anyof theseitemsaremissing,contactyoursupplier.

Figure 1-1.Checktomake sure you have all five items: 1) Printer, 2) Paper guide, 3) Platen knob, 4) Ribbon

cartridge, and 5) User’s manual.

2

The optionalaccessorieswhichyoumayhaveorderedwithyourprinterare:

● Serial-Parallelconverter(SPC-8K)

● Automaticsheetfeeder(SF-1ODR)

Partsnameof theprinter

Makeanexternalinspectionoftheprinter.Notethelocationsofthefollow­ingparts in Figure 1-2.

ver

Power

s

Control panil

knob

Figut@1-2 The printer’s external parts

Bail lever:

opensandclosesthepaperbailwhichholdsthe
paperagainsttheplaten.

Releaselever:

releasestheplaten.Thislevermustbe backfor

single sheets,andup forfanfoldforms.
Top cover:
Rear cover:
Entry slot:

protectstheprinthead andotherinternalparts.

protectsthe sprocketfeedmechanism.

for insertingsinglesheetsof paper.
Control panel: controlsvariousprinterfunctions.
Power switch:

turnspoweronandoff.
Interface connector: for connectingthecomputerto the printer.

SETIWJGUP

Placethe printerin the desiredlocation,and removeall packingmaterial
from insidethe top cover. This packingmaterialis intendedto prevent
damagetotheprinterwhileintransit.Youwillwanttokeepallthepacking
material,alongwiththeprintercarton,incaseyouhavetomovetheprinter
to anewlocation.

Mounttheplatenknob

Theplatenknobispackedintoa recessofthewhitefoampackingmaterial
whichheldyourprinterinsidethecarton.Be suretoremovetheknobfrom
thepackaging.

Mountthe knobon theplatenshaft,whichis on theright-handsideof the
printer.Rotate the knob on the shaft before pushingthe knob fully into
position.

~

.

Figure 1-3.Mounting the platen knob

Platen knob

lnsta//theribboncartridge

Removethetopcoverbyliftingthefront(usingthetwogripsoneitherside),
andpullingthe covertowardsyou.Nowinstalltheribbon.

4

Figure 1-4. Removing the lop cover

1. Turn the tension knob counterclockwiseon the ribbon cartridge to
tightenthe ribbonif it is slack.

2. Guidetheribbonbetweentheprintheadandthe platen,makingcertain
that the spindleson the cartridgeholder fit into the socketson the
cartridgeitself.

Figure 1-5.Installing the ribbon cartridge

I

3. Theribbonshouldpassbetweentheprintheadandtheprinthead shield
(seeFigure 1-6).

Print head

I

\

Print head shield

‘ h~,.kribbo.

I

Figure 1-6. Pass the ribbon between the print head and print haad shield

To replacethetopcover,insertthe tabs into the slotson the printercase.
Swingthefrontedgedownto closethecover.

Leavethetop coverclosedduringnormaloperation.Thecoverkeepsout
dustanddirtandreducestheprinter’soperatingsounds.Openthecoveronly
to change the ribbonor makean adjustment.

@J\

IIL

6

Connection

Connecttheprinter to yourcomputerusing a standardparallel interface

cable.OnaPCorPC/AT-typecomputer,thismeansthatyouusethe25-pin
D-typeconnectoratthecomputerend,andtheAmphenol-type36-pincon­nector at the printer end. The configurationof the printer’sconnectoris
given in Chapter 8 should you need a cable for connectionto another
computer.

If you need to connectto a serial port, use the optional Serial-Parallel
converter,SPC-8K.

’06’

\!j$”

&

I

,/

Interface

cable

Connector

Figure 1-7.Connecting the interface cable

Plugtheprinterintoasuitableoutlet.However,DONOTturnonthepower
switchatthefrontoftheprinteryet.

*

7

LOADING SINGLE SHEETS

sectionwilltakeyouthroughtheproceduresforloadingsinglesheets

This

ofpaper.

Ifyouareusingtheoptionalautomaticsheetfeeder(AN?),refertotheASF
instructionbooklet.

Automaticloading

Singlesheetscanbeloadedmanuallywiththepoweroff,or automatically
withthepoweron. Wewillstarttheeasy way withautomaticloading.

1. Placethe paperguidein positionby insertingthe tabs, locatedon the
bottomof the assembly,intotheslotsontherearcoverof theprinter.

Figure T-8.Mounting the paper guide for single sheets

8

lever

Makesurethatthe releaseleveris down.

2.
Iffanfoldpaperisalreadymountedintheprinter,pressthe

PAPER FEED

buttonwhileholdingthe FONTbuttonto parkthe paperin the off-line
state,thenmovethereleaseleverdownwards.
Adjustthepaperguidesto matchthe size of paperyou will be using.

3.
Rememberthatprintingwillstartsomedistancefromtheleft-handedge
ofthe carriage.
Turnonthepowerusingtheswitchlocatedatthefrontoftheprinter.The

4.
pnnterwillbeep,indicatingthatthereisnopaperinpositionforpnnting.
Theorange
Placea singlesheetbetweentheguides,placingthe sideon whichyou

5.

POWERindicatorwillalsoflashto confirmthis.

wanttoprinttowardsthebackoftheprinter.Gentlypushthepaperdown
in theguidesuntilyoufeelit stop.

I

Figure 7-9. Loading a single sheet

6. Movethebailleverforward.Whenthebailopens,theprinterfeedsthe

paperautomatically.

7. Movethe bail leverback.The paperwill feed slightlyforwardagain,
endinginpositionto printwitha topmarginof aboutoneinch.

9

I

Manualloading

Itisalsopossibletoloadpapermanuallywhiletheprinter’spowerisoff.The
procedureis:

Placethe paper guidein positionby insertingthe tabs, locatedon the

1.
bottomof theassembly,intothe slotsontherearcoverof the printer.

2.

Checkthatprinterpowerisoff andthereleaseleverisdown.
Openthetopcover,thenmovethebailleverontopof theprinterfonvard

3.
to openthepaperbail.
Adjustthepaper guidesto matchthe size of paperyou willbe using.

4.
Rememberthatprintingwillstartsomedistancefromtheleft-handedge
ofthe carriage.
Placea singlesheetbetweentheguides,placingthesideon whichyou

5.
wanttoprinttowardsthebackoftheprinter.Gentlypushthepaperdown
in theguidesuntilyou feelit stop.
Turntheplatenknobclockwiseuntilthefrontedgeofthepapercomes

6.
outfromunderthetopcover.
If the paper is not straight, move the release lever forward, then

7.
straightenthepaperby handandmovethereleaseleverbackdown.
Movethebailleverbackto closethepaperbail.

8.

10

LOADING AND PARKING FANFOLD FORMS

Fanfold forms have holes along the sides and perforationsbetween the

sheets.Theyare also calledsprocketforms,punchedforms, or just plain
“computerpaper”.Thisprinteracceptsformsupto 10”wide.Thissection
willtake you throughtheproceduresfor loading,parkingand unparking
fanfoldforms.

Loadingthepaper

Placea stackoffanfoldpaperbehindandatleastonepage-lengthbelow

1.
theprinter.
Turnthe printer’spowerOFF.

2.
Pushthereleaseleverforward.Thishastheeffectofreleasingthepaper

3.
fromtheplatenroller,andengagingthetractorfeed.
Removethepaperguideandputit asideforthe moment.

4.
Removethe rear cover using the two grips on either side, and push

5.
backwardsasshowninFigure1-10.

Rear cover

I

Figure 1-10.Removingtherearcover

Withthesprocketcoversopen,mountthepaperbyaligningholeswith

6.
thepinson the sprockets.
Adjustthespacingofthesprocketsbyslidingthemalongthebar,using

7.
theclampleveratthebackofeachsprockettoreleaseandlockthemin
position.Whentheleveris down,thesprocketis released,and whenit
is up,the sprocketis locked.

I

Figuru 7-11. Mount the fanfold psper over the sprockets.

Nowclosethe sprocketcovers,againmakingsurethatthepaperholes

8.
are aligned with the pins on the sprockets.If they are not aligned
properly,youwillhaveproblemswithpaperfeeding,possiblyresulting
in tearingandjammingof thepaper.
Turnonthepowerusingtheswitchlocatedatthefrontoftheprinter.The

9.
printerwill‘beep,indicatingthatttiepaperis not yetfullyloaded.This
is alsoconfirmedby the orange

POWERindicatorflashing.

10.Movethebailleverforward.Whenthebailopens,theprinterfeedsthe
paperautomatically.

11.Movethe bail leverback.The paperwill feed slightlyforward again,

endingin positionto printwith a top marginof aboutoneinch.

12.Replacetherearcover.Holdit tiltedupwardandinsertthefourtabsat

thebottomintotheirslots.Thenrotatethe coverupwards,pressingthe
thumbpadsonthe left andrightto snapitintoplace.

12

13.Mountthepaperguidein thehorizontalpositionshownin Figure1-12,
so thatit will separatetheprintedfromtheunprintedpaper.

F/gufo 1-12. Mountingthepaperguide for fanfold forms

13

Paperparking

Afterloadingfanfoldpaper,youdo nothavetounloadit whenyouwantto
printon a singlesheet.Theprinterwill“park”it for you if youfollowthe
procedurebelow.

1. To beginpaperparking,startwithpowerON,fanfoldpaperloadedin
printingposition,andthe releaseleverup.

2. Pressthe ON

LINEindicatorwillturnoff.

ON

3. Tear off the printedformatthelast perforation,leavingnotmorethan
abouthalf a pageshowingabovethetopcover.Ifnecessary,pressthe

PAPER FEED buttonto feedpaperforwarduntilaperforationislocated

just above the topcover,andtearthere.

4. Pressthe

5. WhileholdingtheFONTbuttondown,pressthe
thecontrolpanel.

Theprinterwillautomaticallyfeedthefanfoldformbackwarduntilthe

paperiscompletelyfreeof theplaten.

6. Movethereleaseleverto thedownposition.

7. Mountthepaperguidein theuprightposition.

Now you can load singlesheetseither automaticallyor manually,as ex­plainedpreviously.The fanfoldpaper remainsparkedat the back of the
printer.

LINEbuttononthecontrolpaneltosettheprinteroff-line.

FONT buttonandholdit down.

PAPER FEED buttonon

Paperunparking

Whenyouwanttoresumeusingfanfoldpaper,theprocedureisas follows.

1. Removeallsinglesheetsfromtheprinter.

2. Mountthepaperguide in thehorizontalposition.

3. Movethe releaseleverto the up position.

4. WithPowerON,movethebailleverforward.Thepnnterwill automati­callyfeedthe parkedfanfoldpaperbackintopositionfor printing.

5. Move the bailleverbackto closethebail.Nowyouarereadytoprint.

14

ADJUSTING THE PRINTING GAP

The distancebetween the print head and the platen can be adjustedto

accommodatedifferentpaperthicknesses.Tomakethisadjustment,remove
thetopcover.The adjustmentleverislocatedneartheleftsideofthepaper
bail.Fullingthe adjustmentlevertowardsyouwidensthegap; pushingit

awayfromyounarrowsthe gap.
There are five positions,and you can feel the lever clickinginto each

position.Thesecondpositionfromthetop istheonemostcommonlyused
for single sheets of paper.Try differentpositionsuntil you get the best
printingresults.

FJgure7-73.Adjusting for different thicknesses of paper

The followingtable providesthe recommendedleverpositionsfor each
papertypesas a reference.

PaperType

Single

2-ply
3-ply

Weight(g/mz) Thickness(mm) Recommended

(Eachpaper)

52-82

83-90

40-58
40-58

(Total)

0.07-0.10 2nd

0.11-0.12 3rd

0.12-0.16

0.18-0.20 3rd

0.21-0.25

Leverposition

3rd

4th

NOTE: Multi-partforms should be pressure sensitivepaper jointed by

dottedorpasting.

15

16

chapter2

CONTROL PANEL OPERATIONS

Thecontrolpanelbuttonscanbepressedindividuallytoperformtheopera­tionsindicatedbytheirnames.Otherfunctionscanbe achievedbyholding
thesebuttonsdownwhenyouturntheprinter’spoweron,orbypressingthe
controlpanelbuttonsin combination.

Thischapterexplainsallthebuttonandindicatorfunctions.

●

Pauseprinting

●

Feedpaper(fast andslow,forwardand reverse)

✎

Parkfanfoldforms

✎

Setthe top-of-formposition

●

Selectthe printpitch

●

Selectafont

✎

Printtestpatterns

✎

Preventsoftwarefromchangingthepanelpitchandfontselections

✎

Printa hexadecimaldump

●

Cleartheprinter’sbuffer

BUTTONS AND INDICATORS

printerisequippedwithfourbuttonsonthecontrolpanel.Fromrightto

The

leftthey are,ON

LINE, PAPER FEED, PITCH and FONT.

followingis a briefguideto thebuttonsand indicatorsonthecontrol

The

panel.

Figure 2-1. Control penel

17

ONL/NEbutton

The ON LINE buttonsetstheprinteron-lineandoff-line.Thestatuschanges

eachtimeyoupressthe button.
Whentheprinterison-line,itcanreceiveandprintdatafromthecomputer.

Whentheprinterisoff-line,itstopsprintingandsendsthecomputerasignal
indicatingthatit cannotacceptdata.

Theprinterpowersup intheon-linestatusifpaperisloaded.Ifpaperisnot
loaded, the printerpowersupoff-linewiththe
Whenyouload paper,the

POWERindicatorstopsflashing,butthe printer

remainsoff-line.TostartprintingyoumustpresstheONLINEbuttongoon­line.

POWERindicatorflashing.

Youwill wantto presstheON

● Beforeand afteranyotherpaneloperation

LINEbuttonare:

The other panel buttons operate only in the off-line state. Press the

LINE buttonto go off-line.Afterperformingthepaneloperation(s),

ON
pressthe ON

● To pauseduringprinting

Ifyoupressthe ON

LINE buttonagainto go backon-line.

LINE buttonduringprinting,theprinterstopsprinting

andgoesoff-line,allowingyouto checktheprintoutorchangeacontrol
panelsetting.PrintingresumeswhenyoupresstheON

LINEbuttonagain

to go backon-line.

● To cut,fanfoldformsat the end of printing

Whenusingfanfoldforms,youcanholdtheON

LINE buttondownforone

second.In additionto going off-line,the printeralso feeds the paper

forward approximatelytwo inches.This allows you to cut it off just
belowthelast lineprinted.
WhenyoupresstheONLINEbuttonagainto gobackon-line,thepaper
feedsbackwardstoppingwhereyouleftoff.

NOTE: This functionis validonlywhenthebufferis empty.

18

PAPERFEEDbutton

If youpress thisbuttonwhileoff-line,thepaperwillfeedforward.If you
holdthe buttondown,theprinterwillperformconsecutivelinefeeds.

IfyoualsopresstheON

LINEbuttonwhileyouareline-feeding,thepaperwill

feedautomaticallyto thetop of thenextpage.Thisis explainedlater.
If youpressthis buttonwhileon-line,thiswillalternatelyselectandcancel

the Quiet mode. Whenin the Quiet mode, the printer will print slightly
slower,butat a reducednoiselevel.

PITCHbutton

Thisbuttonallowsyoutoselecttheprintingpitch.Rememberthattheprinter
mustbe off-linefor you to do this. Successivepressesof this buttonwill
illuminate(andselect)the followingoptionsin order:

Pitch

Pica

Elite

Condensedpica

Condensed elite

Pica proportional

Eliteproportional

Indicator(s)

10CPI

12CPI

10CPI, COND
12CPI, COND
10CPI, PROP

12CPI,

PROP

19

FONTbutton

Thisbuttonselectsthefont to be printed.Draftfont is alwaysselectedat

power-up.To changeto oneof the NLQ (nearletterquality)fonts,set the
printeroff-line,thenpressthe

besidethe desiredselectionilluminate.Theselectionscycleinthe follow-

ingorder:

Font Indicator(s)

FONTbuttonrepeatedlyuntiltheindicators

Draft

Courier

DRAFT
COURIER

Sanserif SANSERIF
Orator

ORATOR

TheOratorfontisuniqueintwoways.First,itislarger(higher)thantheother

fonts,whichmakesitagoodchoiceforlabelsandothertextrequiringhigh

visibility.You will need a little extra line spacingwhen Orator is used.

Second,therearetwoversionsoftheOratorfont:oneprintssmallcapitals
inplaceoflower-caseletters;theotherprintslower-caseletters,butwithout
descenders.Theotherfontsdonothaveasmall-capitalsoption.Lowercase
willalwaysprintaslowercase.

TheversionyougetwhenyouselectOratorfromthecontrolpaneldepends
ontheDIPswitches.IfDIPswitch1-6isOFF,lower-caseOratorwillprint
aslowercase. Otherwiseit willprintas smallcapitals.

The font can also be selectedby printer commandsgiven in Chapter4.
Printercommandsenableyouto selectbothOratorfonts.

20

POWER-UP FUNCTIONS

Il:,:;,:a,:,t[lTyj,gJ,,,,,

In additionto their normalfunctions,all the controlpanel buttonshave
specialfunctionsthatoperateifyouholdthemdownwhileswitchingpower

Stay in panel font

Eigum 2-2. Power-up functions of control panel

Stay in panel pitch

Shorttestmode

Ifthe printeristurnedonwhilethe ONLINEbuttonispressed,theprinterwill
entertheshortself-testmode.The printerwillstartprintingassoonas the

LINEbuttonisreleased,andwillprinttheversionnumberoftheprinter’s

ON
ROM,followedby six linesof the characterset.

Eachline willbe offsetby onecharacterfromthe onebeforeit.Thefinal
resultwillbe somethinglikeFigure2-3.

! #’#$%:<’ ( ) *+. -. /01234567!39: : ,::=.,

! ,,~$~~~ ( ) x+, -. /0123456789

C,#$%&’()X+.–.

#$%&’ ( j a+, -. /0123456789:;

$%&’() *+, -.

X&’ ( ) U+. -. /0123456789: : .“-. I-

Figure 2-3. Short self-test

/O1234567S9: : ~.-:. :

/012345678?: ; ::=., _

Sincetheself-testoccupiesthefullwidthofthecarriage,itisrecommended
thattheprinteris loadedwiththe widestpaperpossibletoavoiddamageto
theprinthead and/orplaten.

‘-E!CIBCDEFGHIJKLMNOFIJRSTUVWXYZ[ \1“- ‘abcdefghi jk Imno

: : .:.=:>?QABcDEFGHIJKLMNOFQRSTUVW

- %’ABcDEFGHIJKLMNOF13RSTUVWXYZ t \1’””- ‘abcdefghi Jk lmnoPcl

..=:~?@GBCDEFGHIJ~:LMNoP~sTuvWxYz[ 11“’”-‘abCde@hi jk lmnOPqr

..maABCDEFGHI JKLMNOPQI+STUVWXYZ[\ 1’- ‘a bcdefghi Jklmnopqrs

-.-Ia6BcDEF’6H1 J#:LMNOFQRSTUVWXYZ[\ l”- ‘a bcdefghi J k lmnOPqr-t

xYZ[11“”’-‘abcde+ghi jk lmnOP

Longtestmode

IftheprinteristurnedonwhilethePAPERFEEDbuttonispressed,theprinter
willenterthelongself-testmode.Theprinterwillstartprintingassoonas
thePAPERFEEDbuttonisreleased,andwillprinttheversionnumberofthe
printer’sROMandthecurrentsettingsoftheDIPswitches,followedbythe
wholecharactersetprintedineachfontandpitchavailable.

Thetestcyclesendlessly,so youmustturnthe poweroff to stopit.

Sincetheself-testoccupiesthefill widthofthecarnage,itisrecommended
that theprinterisloadedwiththewidestpaperpossibleto avoiddamageto
theprintheadand/orplaten.In addition,thetotalnumberoflinesprintedis

considerable,morethan canbe accommodatedona singlesheet,sofanfold
paperis recommendedforthistest.

Stayinpanelpitch

ByholdingthePITCHbuttondownduringpower-up,theprintpitchcanonly

beselectedfromthecontrolpanel.Thispreventssoftwareinterference.You

willhearan acknowledgingbeepaspowercomeson.

Afterthebeeptone,youcansettheprinteroff-line,selectaprintpitch,then

mtumtoon-lineandstartprinting.Thepitchyouselectedwillnotbe reset

or otherwisechangedby anycommandsyoursoftwaremayissue.

Stayinpanel font

By holdingthe FONTbuttonduringpower-up,fontscan only be selected

fromthe controlpanel.Thispreventssoftwareinterference.Therewillbean

acknowledgingbeep,afterwhichyoucan set the printeroff-line,selecta

font,thenreturntotheon-linestateandstartprinting.Theselectedfontwill

notbe changedby anycommandsyoursoftwaremayissue.

Stayinpanelpitch and font

Ifyouwanttoprotectboththepitchandfontsettingsfromsoftwarechanges,

pressboth the PITCHand

littlelongacknowledgingbeep.

Pressingthesebuttonsduringpower-updoesnotpreventyoufrommaking

anynumberof changeslaterfromthecontrolpanel.

22

FONT buttons duringpower-up.Therewillbe a

Hexadecimaldump

This featureis useful for programmed who are debuggingprintingpro­grams and want to see the actual codes the printer is receiving.(Some
computerschangethe codestheprogrammerintended.)

Inthismode,all datareceivedwill beprintedinahexadecimaldumpformat,
ratherthanthecontrolcodesbeingactedon as commandcodes.

Thismodeis accessedwiththe followingprocedu~:

Whileholdingboth the PAPERFEEDand PITCHbuttonsdown, turn

1.
powerON.Abeeptonewillbeheard.
Startprinting.In place of the usual printoutyou will get a formatted

2.
dumpshowingexactlywhatdatatheprinterreceives.Eachlinepresents
sixteencharactem their hexadecimalcodes to the left and printable
charactersprintedon the right.
At the end of the hexadecimaldump,set the printeroff-line with the

3.
ONLINEbutton.Thisis necessaryto printthelastline.

ThefollowingBASICprogramisa simpletestyoucanruninhexadecimal
mode:

10

FOR 1=0 TO 255
LPRINT

20
30

40

50

NEXT I
LPRINT
END

CHR$(1 ) ;

If your systempasses the codesdirectlyto the printer withoutchanging

them,youwillgeta printoutlikeFigure2-4.

m [:)1(:]203

1[] 11 12 1.3 14 15 16 17

’20 ~~ ~~ p~

31> 31 32 33 34 35 3.5 37

40 41 42 4s 44 45 46 47 48 49 4A 4B 4C 4D 4E 4F
50 51 52 5.3 54 55 36 57

60 01 62 63 64 .55 66 67 68 69 6A 6!3 6C 6D 6E 6F ‘abc de+ghi j k 1mno

70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77

80 .91 S2 S3 84 S5 86 87
90 9 I 72 93 94 95 96 97

M) 01 42 As A4 65 A.5 Q7

EI[:I B 1 E12 B3 E14 B5 Et6 E17

CCI Cl C2 C.3 C4 C5 C6 C.7 C@ C9 CO CB CC CD CE CF

D(I DI D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7

E() E 1 E2 E3 E4 E’5 E6 E?

F[l F 1 F2 F3 F4 F5 F6 F7
(:]D (:)(?

Figure 2-4.

04 05 06 07 0!3 09 [:IA Oi3 OC CID OE OF

24 25 26 27

Sample hexadecimal dump

113 19 1A 113 IC ID IE IF
~S 29 ZQ ~B 2C 2D 2E 2F

38 39 30 7B 3C .3D 3E 3F

5S 59 3A 5i3 5C !5D 5E 5F

78 7? 76 7B 7C 7D 7E 7F

8S 89 8.4 8B 8C SD SE SF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

98 99 9A 9S 9C 9D 9E 9F

AS 69 AA (WI AC 6D 9E 6F . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

E18 !39 13A !3EI BC EID BE RF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

DE! D9 DA DEI DC DD DE DF
ES E9 EA EH EC ED EE EF

FB F9 FA FEI FC FD FE FF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

! “#$”/.&’ ( ) *+, -. /

(:11234 !36789 : ; <:=:$?
@9BCDEFGHI JKLMNO

PQRSTUVWXYZ [ \ lo-

pqt. stuvwxyz { : 3-’.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. .

23

MostBASICS,however,arenotquitethatstraightfonvard.Forexample,the

IBM-PC will giveyou aprintoutsimilarto Figure2-5.

.... . . . ..... . .. .

.... . . .... . . . . ..

! “4+$%!%’( ) x+, -. /

O 123456789: : .::=::.?
@ABCDEFGHIJF::LMNO
PQF:STLIVWXYZ [ \ 1‘“’-

‘ abcde+g h i j l:.1mno

pqh. 5tLlVW>:yZ : : ]+.

.. . . . .... . . . ....

... . . ..... . . . ...

.. . . . .... . . . ....

.. . . . . .... . . .. ..

.. . . . ..... . . ....

... . . . ..... . . ...

.. . . . .... . . . ... .

.... . . ..... . . . ..

“.

Figure2-5. Sample hexadecimal dump with IBM-PC

WhentheIBM-PCBASICinterpretersendshexcodeOD(carriagereturn)

it adds an extra hex OA(linefeed). Hex code 1A (end-of-fde)also gets

specialtreatment:the interpreterdoes not send it at all. This can cause
problemswithgraphicsordownloadcharacterdata.However,youcansolve
thisproblemby changingline20 in theprecedingprogramandaddingthe
codingshownbelow.

Codingfor IBM-PCwithmonochromedisplay:

20 GOSUB 100
100 O==INP(&H3BD) : IF 0<128 THEN 100
110 OUT &H3BC, I

:OUT &H3BE,5

1204 RETURN

Codingfor IBM-PCwithcoloradapter:

20 GOSUB 100
100 O=INP (&H379 )
110 OUT &H378, I

: IF 0<128 THEN 100
:OUT &H37A, 5

120 RETURN

ill

:OUT &H3BE,4

:OUT &H37A, 4

SWITCH COMBINATION FUNCTIONS

Severaladditiomdfunctionscanbeachievedbypressingthecontrolpanel

buttonsin combinations.

Reverse mmu-teed

m

I

Figwe2-6. Switch combination functions of control panel

Formfeed

If you areusingsinglesheets,thisoperationejectsthecurrentpage.If you
areusingfanfoldforms,itfeedsto thetop of the nextpage.

1.

PresstheON

Pressthe

2.
formingsuccessiveline feeds.
Whileholdingthe

3.
then releasebothbuttonsat the sametime. The printerwill smoothly
ejectthecurrentpage.

LINE button to settheprinteroff-line.

PAPER FEED buttonandholditdown.Theprinterwillstartper-

PAPERFEEDbuttondown,presstheONLINEbutton,

PaperParking

Thisprocedurefeedsthe paperbackward.It parksthefanfoldformat the
backofthe printersothatyoucanswitchtosignal-sheetfeeding(bymoving
the releaseleverto thedownposition).

Beforeparkingfanfoldforms,tearoffallbutthelastpage,leavingless(at
leastthreeinchesless)thana fullpageshowingabovethetopcover.

1. Press theON

LINEbuttonto set theprinteroff-line.

2. Press the FONTbuttonandholdit down.

3. WhileholdingtheFONTbuttondown,pressthePAPERFEEDbutton.The
paperwillbe fedout backward.

Topofform

Whenyoupowerontheprinter,thetop-of-formpositionisautomaticallyset
tothecurrentposition.Ifthisisnotwhereyouwantthetopofthepagetobe,
youcan changethe top-of-formpositionasfollows:

1.

Pressthe ON
Move the paper to the desired top-of-formpmition by pressing the

2.

PAPER FEED button,orbyperformingaforwardorreverse‘micro-feed.

Pressandholdthe

3.

4.

Whileholdingthe

LINEbuttonto set theprinteroff-line.

FONTbutton.

FONTbuttondown, press the PITCHbutton,then

releasebothbuttons at the sametime.Theprinter willbeepto indicate
thatthe top-of-formpositionhasbeenset.

Forwardmicro-feed

Forfinealignment,youcanfeedthepaperforwardinverysmallincrements
as follows:

1. PresstheON

2. Press theON
WhileholdingtheONLINEbuttondown,pressthePAPERFEEDbutton.

3.

LINEbuttonto set theprinteroff-line.

LINE button again and hold it down.

Thepaperwillstartadvancinginaseriesof smallsteps.Whenyouwant
to stop,releasebothbuttons.

26

Reversemicro-feed

Youcan also feed the paper in smallincrementsin reverse,to returnto a
higher positiononthesamepage.

NOTE:Withfanfoldforms,donottryto returnto apreviouspage.Theper-

forationmay catchinsidetheprinterandcauseajam.

‘1. PresstheONLINE buttonto set theprinteroff-line.

2. Pressthe ONLINEbuttonagainandhold it down.

3. WhileholdingtheON

LINE buttondown,press the PITCHbutton.The

paperwillstartmovingbackwardsina seriesof smallsteps.Whenyou

wantto stop,releasebothbuttons.

Clearingthebuffer

When DIP switch 1-2 is ON, the printer stores receiveddata in a large

memorybuffer.Thiscreatesaproblemwhenyouwanttoabandonaprinting

job andrestart:the printer maybeholdingmoredatain itsbufferthan ithas

actuallyprinted,andthisunprinteddatamustbeclearedoutbeforerestart­ing.Turningpoweroffis oneway to clearthe buffer,but there is another
way:

1. Haltthe printingprogramon the computer.If printingstops immedi­ately,thebufferis clearandtherestofthisprocedureisunnecessary.If
printingdoesnot stop,continueas follows:

2. PresstheONLINEbuttontosettheprinteroff-line.Printingwinnowstop,
buttheremaybe dataremainingin thebuffer.

3. Pressandholdthe

4.

Whileholdingthe FONTbuttondown,pressandholdtheON LINEbutton.
Continueholdingthesetwo buttonsdown.In aboutthreesecondsyou
willhear a beeptonesignalingthatthebufferhas beencleared.

5. Releasethesebuttons,makeanynecessarycontrolpanelsettings,then
setthe printerbackon-line.

FONTbutton.

Itisessentialtohalttheprintingprogramonthecomputerbeforeyougooff-

lke. Otherwise,when

you go backon-linethecomputerwillstartsending

dataagainandtheprinterwillcontinueprinting,withmissingdatawherethe

bufferwas cleared.

27

z?

chapter 3

DIP SWITCH SETTINGS

Thebankof DIP (DualIn-linePackage)switchesinsidetheprinterisused
for variousfunctions.

ThischapterexplainswheretheDIPswitchesare located,andhowto use
them.

LOCATION OF THE DIP SWITCHES

Whenyouremovetheprinter’scoverandlook inside,youwill seeon the
greenboardatthebottomoftheprintertwogroupsof smallwhiteswitches
markedDSW1andDSW2.Thesearetheprinter’sDIPswitches.DSW1has
eightswitches,named1-1to 1-8fromlefttoright.DSW2hasfourswitches
named2-1to 2-4.

mu

DIP Switch I DIP Switch 2

/

/

OFF

e

Figwv S7. DIPswitches

Forallswitches,theONpositionis towardsthebackoftheprinterandthe

OFFpositionistowardsthe front.To set a DIP switch,use a ballpointpen
or othersmallimplementtomovetheswitchto the ON or OFFposition.

Theprinter’spowershouldbeoff whenyousettheDIPswitches.Settings

madewhilepowerisondonottakeeffectuntilpowerisswitchedoff,then
on again,becausetheprinter~ads the DIP switchesonlyatpower-up.

29

FUNCTIONS OF THE DIP SWITCHES

Theprinteris factory-setwithallDIPswitchintheONposition.Theseare
thestandardsettings.Bychangingthesettings,youcanaltervariousprinter
fimctionsto match yourrequirements.Thefollowingquestionswillhelp
youchoose the propersettings.

Switch

1-1 Printermode Standard

1-2
1-3 AutoLF
1-4

1-5 Paper-outdetector
1-6
1-7

143

2-1

Function ON OFF

IBM

UsageofRAM

Buffer Download
No Yes

Autosheetfeeder

Oratorlowercase
Pagelength

Characterset

(Standardmode)

Characterset

(IBM

mode)

Inactive Active
Enabled
Smatlcaps Lowercase

Disabled

(seebelow)

‘raphics

‘et #2

Italics

Set

#l

2-2
2-3 Internationalcharacterset
2-4

Switchl-l: DoyouwanttousetheprinterinstandardmodeorIBMmode?

Selectthemodecompatiblewithyourcomputerandsoftware.In standard
mode theprinteroperateslike theEpsonLX-850.In IBMmodeitoperates
likethe IBM PropnnterHI. The ON positionselectsstandardmode.The

OFFpositionselectsIBMmode.

Switch 1-2: Does yoursoftwaredownloadcharacterstothe printer?

InordertodownloadcharactemthisswitchmustbeintheOFFposition.The
printer then uses its RAM memory for storing character patterns and
providesonlyaone-lineprintbuffer.IfyouleavethisswitchON,theprinter
usesitsRAMmemoryasaninputbuffer,allowingthecomputerto senddata

fasterthantheprinterprints.

30

Switch 1-3: Do you wantan automaticlinefeed?

If you leave this switch at the ON position, a separate line-feed code is
required from your computer to obtain a line feed.

If you movethis switchto the OFF position,theprinterperformsboth a

carriagereturnandlinefeedeachtimeit receivesa carriage-returncode.

computer systems send a line feed code, or both a carriage return and

Most

line feed, at the end of each line, so this switch should be left ON.

If yougetdoubleline spacingwhenyouexpectsinglespacing,or if lines
overprinteachother,try changingthesettingofthis switch.

Switch1-4: AR you going to use the automatic sheet feeder (ASF)?

In order to use the automaticsheet feeder,movethis switchto the OFF
position.Otherwiseleaveit ON.

Switch 1-5: Doyouwanttheprintertostopprintingattheen dofthepaper,

or to keepprinting?

Leavethis

switch ON except when you needto printto the veryendofthe

paper.WhenthisswitchisOFFtheprinterignoresthepaper-outdetectorand
printsdownto (andbeyond)thebottomedge.

Switch 1-6: WhenyouselecttheOratorfonton thecontrolpanel,doyou

wantlower-caseletterstoprintaslowercase(OFF)eras small
capitals(ON)?

Take yourpick fromthe samplesbelow.Notethat the lower-caseOrator
doesnothavedescendersforthelettersg,j, p, q, and y.

ORATOR PRINTS THIS WAY WITH SWITCH 1-3 ON.

Orator

Switches1-7 and 1-8: Whatisthe pagelengthof yourpaper?

Prints this way with switch 1-3 OFF .

Youcanselectoneoffourpagelengtheswiththesettingsoftheseswitches
as shownbelow.

Page length 1-7

inches ON

11

8inches OFF

1-8

ON A4 size

ON

Page length 1-7 1-8

12inches

ON

OFF

OFF OFF

31

Switch 2-1: Theactionof this switchdependson the mode chosenwith

switch 1-1.

If you selected standard mode, do you want italics or graphics

characters?

Setthis switchOFFtoprintitalicsinthestandardcharacterset.Ifyouleave
this switchin the ONposition,in placeof italicsyou will getthe graphic
characte~, internationalcharacters,and mathematicalsymbolsof IBM
characterset#2. See Chapter9, charactercodes 128to 254.

Ifyou selectedIBMmode,doyouwantIBMcharacterset#l or#2?

ONselectscharacterset#2, whichis for computerswithan 8-bitinterface
(themostcommonkind).
OFFselectscharacterset#1, forcomputerswitha 7-bitinterface.

Switches2-2 to 2-4:

Do youwantan internationalcharacterset?

Internationalcharactersetsdifferintheirassignmentof 14charactercodes.
Seethecharactertablesat theback of thismanual.WiththeDIP switches
youcan selectoneof eightcharactersetsas follows:

Country

U.S.A. ON ON
France

Germany

England

2-2 2-3

OFF ON

ON

OFF

OFF OFF

2-4

ON

ON
ON
ON

Country

DenmarkI * ON ON OFF
Sweden OFF ON OFF

Italy ON OFF

SpainI OFF OFF OFF

2-2 2-3 2-4

OFF

* Denmark/Norwaywhenswitch2-1is ON.

32

—

chapter 4

PRINTER CONTROL COMMANDS

Theprinterhas two emulationmodes:StandardmodeandIBMmode.

IiIstandardmode,theprinteremulatesthefunctionsoftheEpsonLX-850.
In IBM mode, the printer emulatesthe IBM Propnnter III. Additional
commandcodesareincludedas a supersetof theseemulations.

TheemulationischangedbymeansofDIPswitch1-1.WhenON,theprinter

will be in standard mode, and when OFF, the printer will be in IBM
emulationmode(seeChapter3). It is notpossibletochangetheemulation
modeby meansof softwarecontrolorthefrontcontrolpanel.

Thischapterdescribestheprinter’scontrolcommands.Somecommandsare

commontoboththestandardandIBMmodes.Inthedescriptionsofthecom­mands,all commandswillbe categorizedby function.The name of each
commandis followedby a tableliketheone below:

Mode ASCII

<ESC> “X” “l” 27120 49

std.

<ESC> “X” <1>

Decimal Hexadecimal

IB 78 31

27120 1

IB 78 01

Mode: Indicatesthemodeinwhichthecommandisrecog-

nized.
Std. Standardmode(DIP switch 1-1on)
IBM IBMmode(DIPswitch 1-1off)
Both BothstandardandIBMmodes

ASCII:

Indicates the ASCII coding of the command.
Controlcharactemareenclosedin pointedbrack-

ets:For example,<1>meanscharactercode 1.

Decimal: Givesthecommandin decimalcharactercodes.

Hexadecimal: Gives the command in hexadecimalcharacter

codes.

Parametersforwhichvaluesmustbesuppliedareindicatedby italicletters

suchas n.

FONT CONTROL COMMANDS

Selectdraftqualitycharacters

Mode] ASCII

Both I “(” ‘T’ “F” “)” “)”

std.

IBM

. . . .

<ESC> “X” “O”

.

<o> 27120 0

<ESC>
<ESC> “I” “O” 27 73 48
<ESC> “I” <O>

“x”

“9” I 40407041 41 57 I 282846292939 I

1

Changesfromnearletterqualitytodraftquality.Ignoredifthe FONT

buttonwaspressedduringpower-up.

Selectdraftelite characters

IModeI ASCII

IBM

<ESC> “I” “l”
<ESC> “I”

<1> 27 73 1

I 27 73 49

1 1

Changestodraftqualitycharacterswithelitepitch(12cpi).Ignored

FONTor PITCHbuttonwas pressedduringpower-up.

if the

SelectNLQcharacters

~ModeI ASCII

std.

IBM

<ESC> “X” “l”

<ESC>

“X” <1> 27120 1

<ESC> “I”“2”

<ESC> “I” <2>

<ESC> “I” “3”

<ESC> ‘T” <3>

Decimal

27 ?20 48 16 78 30

27 73 0

Decimal Hexadecimal

Hexadecimal

lB 78 00
16 49 30
16 49 CO

I16 49 31

16 49 01

Decimal

2712049

Hexadecimal

16 78 31

16 78 01
27 73 50
27 73 2

27 73 51
27 73 3

16 49 32

16 49 02

IB 49 33

16 49 03

I

1

34

Changesfromdraftqualityto“nearletterquality.TheinitialNLQ
font is Counerunlessadifferentfonthasbeenselectedbyapreced­ing command. Ignored if the

FONT button was pressed during

power-up.

SelectNLQfont

Mode ASCII

Both

<ESC>

“k” n

Decimal Hexadecimal

27107 n IB 6B n

SelectsanNLQfontaccordingto thevalueof n.In draflmode,this
commandremainsdormantand takes effect later when NLQ is
selected.Ignoredif the

FONTbuttonwaspressedduringpower-up.

n Fontname
O Courier(initialvalue)

1 Sanserif
7 Oratorwithsmallcapitals
8 Oratorwithlowercase

Se!ectCouriercharacters

Mode ASCII

Both “ “ “ “ “F” “)” “)” “o” 4040 70 41 41 48 I 28 28 46 XI ~ 30

((

Decimal

Changesto the CourierNLQfont.Ignoredif the FONTbuttonwas

pressedduringpower-up.

I Hexadecimal

SelectSanserifcharacters

Mode

Both “(” “(” “F’ “)” “)” “l” 4040 70414149 282846 292931

ASCII

Decimal

Hexadecimal

ChangestotheSanserifNLQfont.Ignoredifthe FONTbuttonwas
pressedduringpower-up.

SelectOratorcharacterswithsmallcapitals

Mode

Both “(” “(” “F” “)” “)” “7” 4040 70 41 41 55 28 2846 ~ ~ 37

ASCII

ChangestotheOratorwithsmaIIcaptitalsNLQfont.Ignoredifthe

FONTbutton was pressed during power-up.

Decimal Hexadecimal

35

I

SelectOratorcharacters

Mode ASCII Decimal Hexadecimal

Both “ “ “ “ “F’ ‘S“ “ “ “8”

(( ))

withlowercase

40 40 7041 41 56 28 2846 29 29 36

Changesto the Oratorwith lower caseNLQ font. Ignoredif the

FONTbuttonwaspressedduringpower-up.

Selectitalic characters

Mode ASCII Decimal Hexadecimal

Std. <ESC> “4” 27 52 IB 34

Causessubsequentcharactersto be printedin italics.

SelectNLQitalic characters

Mode Ascli

IBM <ESC> “I” <VT>

Causes subsequentcharactersto be printed in italics with NLQ
charactem.Ignoredif the
Up.

FONTbuttonwaspressedduringpower-

Decimal Hexadecimal

27 73 11

IB 49 OB

Selectuprightcharacters

Mode ASCII

std. <ESC> “5”

Stopsitalic printing andcausessubsequentcharactersto beprinted
upright.

Emphasizedprinting

Mode

Both <ESC> “E”

36

ASCII

Causessubsequentdraft charactersto be emphasizedby adding

extrathicknessto verticalstrokes.

Decimal Hexadecimal

27 53

Decimal

27 69

IB 35

Hexadecimal

IB 45

Cancelemphasjzedprjntjng

Mode ASCII

Borh

<ESC> “F’ 27 70

Decimal Hexadecimal

CanWlsemphasizedprinting.

Double-strikeprinting

Mode ASCII

Both -@3C> “G”

Causessubsequentcharacterstobe printedin double-strikemode
withaslightverticalpapermotioninbetween,causingathickening
of horizontalstrokes.
Forboldprint,useofdouble-strikeis~commendedinNLQmode,
and combined use of emphasizedand double-strikeis recom­mendedin draftmode.
Double-strikecannotbeused with superscriptsor subscripts.

Decimal Hexadecimal

27 71

Canceldouble-strikeprinting

Mode

Both @SC> “H”

ASCII Decimal

27 72

Cancels

double-strikeprinting.

IB 46

IB 47

Hexadecimal

IB 48

Startunderlining

Mode

Both

ASCII

<ESC>“-” “l”

<ESC> “-”

<1> 27 45 1

Causessubsequentcharactemtobeunderlined.IBMblockgraphics
charactemand spaces skipped by horizontaltabulation are not
underlined.

Decimal Hexadecimal

27 4s 49

IB 2D 31

IB 2D 01

Stopunderlining

Mode

Both

ASCII Decimal Hexadecimal

<ESC> “-” “O”

<ESC> “-” <o> 27 45 0

Stopsunderlining.

Startoverlining

Mode

IBM

ASCII

<p.c> ,,-.. ‘.~?>

<ESC> “–“ <1>

Causessubsequentcharactersto be overlined.Spacesskippedby
horizontaltabulationarenot overlined.

Stopoverlining

Mode

LBM

ASCII

<~sc> ,,– .! “0..
<ESC> “ - “ <O> 27 95 0

Stopsoverlining.

Superscript

27 45 48 IB 2D 30

IB 2D 02

Decimal Hexadecimal

27 95 49

27 95 1

Decimal Hexadecimal

?7 95 4a

IB 5F 31
IB 5F 01

IB 5F 30

IB 5F W

Mode ASCII

Both

<ESC> “S” “O”

<ESC> “S”<O>

Causessubsequentcharactemtobeprintedassuperscripts.Doesnot
changethe characterpitch.

Subscript

Mode

Both

ASCII
<ESC> “S” “l”
<ESC> “s” <1>

Causessubsequentcharactersto be printedassubscripts.Doesnot

changethe characterpitch.

Decimal

27 33 4a
27 83 0

Decimal

27 B3 49

27 S3 1

Hexadecimal

IB 53 30
IB 53 00

Hexadecimal
IB 53 31
IB 53 01

Cancelsuperscriptorsubscript

Mode ASCII Decimal

Both ! CEsc> ‘“r”

27 64

Stops printing superscriptsor subscriptsand Eturns to normal
printing.

CHARACTER SETCOMMANDS

Selectstandardcharacterset

Mode ASCII Decimal

Both -

CEsc> “t” “o”
CEsc> “t” <o>

27116 4S

27116 0

Selectsthe standardcharacterset.This is the power-updefaultin
Standardmodeif DIP switch2-1is OFF.

SelectIBMcharacterset

Mode

Both

ASCII Decimal

<ESC> “t” “l”

<ESC>

“t”<1>

27116 49 IB 74 31
27116 1 IB 74 01

Selectsan IBM character set. This is the power-up default in IBM

mode.

Hexadecimal

iB 54

Hexadecimal

IB 74 30

IB 74 00

Hexadecimal

Selectcharacterset#1

Mode ASCII Decimal

Both

<ESC>

“7” 27 65

Selectscharacterset#1.

Selectcharacterset#2

Mode ASCII Decimal

Both

<ESC>

Selectscharacterset#2.

“6” 27 54

Hexadecimal

IB 37

Hexadecimal

IB 36

I

Select

Mode ASCII

std.

internationalcharacterset

Decimal Hexadecimal

&SC>

“R” n

27 02 n

Selectsan internationalcharacterset accordingtothevalueof n.

n Characterset

O U.S.A

1 France
2 Germany
3 England

4 DenmarkI

5 Sweden
6 Italy

n Characterset
7 SpainI

8 Japan
9 Norway

10 DenmarkII
11 SpainII
12 LatinAmerica
13 Denmark/Norway

Thefirsteight of thesecharactersets(fromU.S.A.toSpainI) can
be selectedaspower-updefaultsby DIP switches2-2 to 2-4.

Enableprintingof all charactercodes

Mode ASCII

IBM <ESC> ‘Y”

EnablesprintingofallcharactersintheIBMcharacterset,including
thoseassignedto charactercodeswhichare normallyconsidered
controlcodes.Thiscommandremainsineffectforthenextnl +n2

x256 characters,wherenl andti arenumbersbetweenOand255.
Duringthisintervalnocontrolfimctionsareexecuted.Ifacodewith
no assignedcharacteris received,theprinterprintsa space.

nl d

Decimal Hexadecimal

27 92nl n2

IB 52 n

IB SC nl n2

Enable printing of all character codes on next
character

Mode ASCII

IBM

CEsc> “ ‘ “

This commandoperateslike<ESG ‘1”exceptthat it remainsin
effectfor onlyone character.

40

Decimal Hexadecimal

27 94 IB 5E

I

Selectslashzero

Mode

std.

ASCII Decimal

<ESC> “ - “ “l” 27126 49 IB 7E 31

<ESC> “ - “ <1> 27126 1

Hexadecimal

IB 7E 01

Causessubsequentzero charactersto be overprintedwith a slash
(0

Selectnormalzero

Mode ASCII Decimal

std.

<ESC> “ - “ “O” 27126 48 IB 7E 30
<ESC> “ - “ <O> 27126 0 IB 7E 00

Causes subsequentzero charactersto be printed normally (0),

withouta slash.

CHARACTER SIZE AND PITCH COMMANDS

Hexadecimal

Picapitch

Mode ASCII Decimal Hexadecimal

std. <ESC> “P”

IBM <DC2> 18

27 80 IB 60

12

Changesfromelitetopicapitch(10cpi)orfromcondensedeliteto
condensedpica(17 cpi). Ignoredif the
duringpower-up.

Elitepitch

Mode ASCII

std. <ESC> “M”

IBM

<ESC> “:” 27 58

Changesfrompicato elitepitch(12cpi)or fromcondensedpicato
condensedelite(20 cpi). Ignoredif the

duringpower-up.

PITCHbuttonwas pressed

Decimal Hexadecimal

27 77

PITCHbuttonwaspressed

16 4D
IB 3A

41

Condensedprinting

Mode

Both

ASCII

<Sb

<ESC> <Sb 27 15 IB OF

Decimal

15 OF

Hexadecimal

Changesfrom pica to condensedpica (17 cpi) or from elite to
condensedelite(20cpi).Ignoredif the

PITCHbuttonwas pressed

duringpower-up.

Cancelcondensedprinting

Mode

Both <DC2> 18

ASCII Decimal

In Standardmode,changesfromcondensedpicato normalpicaor
fromcondensedelitetonormalelite.InIBMmode,alwayschanges
to normal pica. Ignoredif the
power-up.

PITCHbutton was pressed during

Hexadecimal

12

Expanded printing

Mode ASCII Decimal Hexadecimal

Both

<ESC> “W” “l”
<ESC> “W” <1>

27 87 49
27 87 1

Causessubsequentcharacterstobe expandedto doublewidth.

IB 57 31
IB 57 01

Cancelexpandedprinting

Mode

Both -

42

ASCII Decimal Hexadecimal

<ESC> “W” “O”
<ESC> “W” <O>

Stopsexpandedprintingand returnstonormalwidth.

27 87 48
27 87 0

IB 57 30
IB 57 00

Expanded printingforone /ine

r

Mode

Both

ASCII Decimal Hexadecimal

<so> 14

<ESC> <SO> 27 14

Causessubsequentcharactersinthecurrentlineto beexpandedto

doublewidth.Charactemreturntonormalwidthafterthenextline

feed(<LF>).The<DC4>,cVT>, d%-, andcESC> “W”Ocom-

mandsalsocancelexpandedprinting.

Cancelone-lineexpandedprinting

OE
IB OE

IMode ]

Both I

ASCII Decimal Hexadecimal

1

<X4> 20

Stopsone-lineexpandedprintingsetwithcSO> or <ESC>-+0>.

Doesnotcancel<ESC>‘W” 1.

Selectproportionalspacing

Mode ASCII

std.

IBM

<ESC> “p” “l” 27112 49
<ESC> “p” <1>
<ESC> “P” <1> 27 H) 1

Causessubsequentcharacterstobeproportionallyspaced.Ignored

PITCHbutton was pressedduringpower-up.

if the

Selectfixedspacing

Mode

Std.

IBM

ASCII Decimal

<ESC> “p” “O” 27112 48

<ESC> “p” <o> 27112 0

<ESC> “P”

<0> 27 80 0

Causessubsequentcharactersto be printedwith fixed character
spacing.Ignoredifthe

PITCHbuttonwaspressedduringpower-up.

14

Decimal Hexadecimal

16 70 31

27112 1

IB 70 01
16 .50 01

Hexadecimal

16 70 30
IB 70 00
IB 50 00

43

I

Selectmasterprintmode

Mode ASCII Decimal Hexadecimal

std. <ESC> “!” n 27 33 n IB 21 n

Selectsa combinedprintmode accordingto the value of n. The
valueofnisthesumofthevaluesgivenbelowforthedesiredchar-

acteristics.

Examples:n= 1 giveselite;n = 9 (1 +8) givesemphasizedelite;n
=

137(1+ 8 + 128) givesunderlinedemphasizedelite.

Function
Underline

Italic
Expanded
Double strike 16
Emphasized
Condensed[*]
Proportional[*] 2
Elite [*]

[*I Ignoredifthe

PITCHbutton was pressedduringpower-up.

n value

128

64
32

8

4

1

Increasecharacterspacing

Mode ASCII Decimal Hexadecimal

std. <ESC> <SP> n 27 32 n IB 2U n

Increasesthespacebetweencharactersby rz/240inches,wherenis
a numberfromOto 127.Usedin microjustification.

Selectdoubleor quadruplesize

Mode ASCII Decimal Hexadecimal

std.

<ESC> “h” n 27 104 n IB 6$ n

Selectsthe size of subsequentcharactersas shownbelow.Extra­highcharactersalignalongthecap-lineof normalcharacters,with
the baselinetemporarilymovingdown.Line spacingistemporarily
doubledwhenn = 1 andquadrupledwhenn =2.

n Effect

O Normalsize

1 Double-high,double-wide

2 Quadruple-high,quadruple-wide

Selectcharactersize

Mode

Both “ “ “ “ “S” “ “ “)” n

ASCII

((

)

Decimal

40 40 E3 41 41

Selectsacombinationofcharacterheightandwidthaccordingtothe

valueof n, as below.Doesnotmovethebase line.

n Characterwidth
O Singlewidth

1 Double width Single height
2 Singlewidth
3 Doublewidth

Double-heightcharactemarealwaysprintedat nearletterquality.
Doubleheightprintingtemporarilycancelsthesuper/subscriptand
condensedprinting modes, but these modes resume when the
printerreturnsto normalheight.

Printdouble-heightcharacters

Mode

sid.

ASCII

<ESC> “W” “l”

<ESC>

“W” <1>

Printssubsequentcharactersat doubleheightwithoutmovingthe
base line, and withoutchanging the line spacing. Temporarily
cancelssuper/subscriptand condensedprintingmodes.

Decimal

27119 49
27119 1

Hexadecimal

n

28 28 53 29 29 n

Characterheight
Single height

Double height
Doubleheight

Hexadecimal

IB 77 31
IB 77 01

Returntonormalheight

Mode ASCII Decimal Hexadecimal

std.

<ESC> “W” “O” 27119 48

<ESC>

“W” <O> 27119 0

IB 77 w
16 77 00

Terminatesdouble-heightprintingandpxintssubsequentcharactem

atnormalheight.Resumessuper/subscriptandcondensedprinting

if thesemodeswerein effectbeforedoubleheightwas selected.

Selectcharacterheight,width,andline spacing

Mode ASCII Decimal

IBM

cESC> “[” “@” <4> <()>

CO> CO>

n m OOnm OOW nm

27 91 64 4 0 16 56 40 04 W

Selectsacombinationofcharacterheight,width,andlinespacing
accordingtothevalueofn andm,asbelow.Doesnotmovethebase
line.

—

Linespacing

n

Unchanged

o

1

Unchanged

2

Unchanged

16

Single

17

Single
Single

;;

Double

33

Double
Double

34

—

m

1

Singlewidth(sameas~SC> “W”O)

2

Doublewidth(sameas<ESG “W” 1)

—

Characterwidth

Characterheight

Unchanged
Single height
Doubleheight
Unchanged
Singleheight
Doubleheight
Unchanged
Singleheight
Doubleheight

Double-heightcharactemarealwaysprintedat near letterquality.
Doubleheightprintingtemporarilyc&cels thesuper/subscript~d
condensedprinting modes, but these modes resume when the
printerreturnsto normalheight.

Hexadecimal

46

..,,

VERTICAL POSITION COMMANDS

Setline spacingto 1/8inch

Mode ASCII

Both <ESC> “0”

Decimal

27 48

Setsthedistancethepaperadvancesor revemesinsubsequentline
feedsto 1/8inch.

Setline spacingto 7Y72inch

Mode

Both <ESC> “l”

ASCII

Setsthedistancethepaperadvancesor reversesin subsequentline
feedsto7f72inch.

Decimal

27 49

Setline spacingto 1/6inch

Mode ASCII

std. dzsc> “2”

Setsthedistancethepaperadvancesorreversesin subsequentline
feedsto 1/6inch.

Decimal

27 WI

Setlinespacingto~/216inch

Mode ASCII

Both cESC> “3” n

Decimal Hexadecimal

27 51 n

Hexadecimal

IB 30

Hexadecimal

IB 31

Hexadecimal

IB 32

IB 33 n

Setsthedistancethepaperadvancesorreversesin subsequentline
feeds to n/216 inch, where n is betweenOand 255. If n= O,in
Standardmodetheline-feeddistanceis set to O,butin IBMmode
thiscommandis ignored.

I

Setlinespacington/72inch

Mode ASCII Decimal Hexadecimal

Both

<ESC> “A” n 27 65 n

In Standardmode,setsthedistancethepaperadvancesor reverses

insubsequentlinefeedston/72inch,wherenisbetweenOand255.

.If n =0,the linespacingis setto O.

In IBMmodethiscommanddoesthesameexceptthat(1)thenew
line spacing does not take effect until the next <ESC> “2”
command,and(2) if n = O,thecESC>“A”commandis ignored.

Execute<ESC>“A”

Mode ASCII Decimal Hexadecimal

IBM <ESC> “2”

Sets the line spacingto the value defined by the last preceding
cESC>“A”command.Setstheline spacingto 1/6inchif themis
no precedingcESC>“A”command.

27 50

16 41 n

IB 32

Linefeed

‘Mode ASCII

Both <LF>

10 OA

Printsthecurrentlineandfeedsthepaperto thenextline.Seethe
precedingcommandsfortheline spacing.

Reverselinefeed

Mode ASCII

std. <ESC> <LF> 27 10

IBM

48

<ESC> “ “ 27 93

1

Printsthecurrentlineandfeedsthepaperinthereversedirectionto

the preceding line. See the preceding commands for the line
spacing.Ignoredwhenfrictionfeed is used.

Decimal Hexadecimal

Decimal Hexadecimal

IB OA

IB 5D

Performonen/216-imh linefeed

Mode ASCII

Both ] <!3SC>“J”n

Decimal Hexadecimal

27 74 n

IB 4A n

Feedsthepaperoncebyn/216inches,wherenisbetween1and255.
Doesnotmovetheprintpositionrightorleftinthe standardmode.
Doesnot changetheline-spacingsetting.

Performonen/216-inchreverseline feed

Mode ASCII

std.

<ESC> “j” n

Feedsthe paperoncebyn/216inchesinthereversedirection,where
nisbetween-land255.Doesnotmovethepnntpositionrightorleft.
Doesnotchangethe line-spacingsetting.

Decimal Hexadecimal

27106 n

IB 6A n

Feedpapern lines

Mode ASCII

std.

<ESC> “f” “l” n 27102 49 n
<ESC>

Feedsthepapernlinesfromthecurrentline,wheren is betweenO
and 127.

“f” <1> n

Decimal

27102 1 n

Hexadecimal

IB 66 31 n
IB 66 01 n

Settopofpage at currentposition

Mode ASCII

IBM <ESC> “4”

Setsthecurrentpositionasthetop-of-pageposition.Notethatthis
can alsobe donefromthe controlpanel.

Decimal Hexadecimal

27 52

IB 34

49

I

Setpage lengthton lines

Mode ASCII

Both <ESC>

“C”

n

Decimal Hexadecimal

27 67 n IB 43 n

Setsthepagelengthto n linesin thecurrentlinespacing,wheren
isbetween1and127inStandardmodeorbetween1and255inIBM
mode.Changingthe line spacinglaterdoesnot alter the physical
pagelength.The currentlinebecomesthetopof the page.

Setpage lengthton inches

Mode ASCII Decimal Hexadecimal

Both

cESC> “C” cO> n

27 67 0 n

IB 43 00 n

Sets the page lengthto n inches,wheren is between 1 and 32 in
Standardmodeorbetween1and64inIBMmode.Thecurrentline

becomesthetop of thepage.

Setbottommargin

Mode ASCII

Both

<ESC>

Setsthe bottommarginto n lines,wherenisbetween1and 127in

Standardmode or between 1 and255 in IBMmode. The bottom
marginis resetwhenyouchangethepagelength.

“N” n

Decimal

27 78 n

Hexadecimal

IB 4E n

Cancelbottommargin

Mode ASCII Decimal

Both

<ESC> “O”

Cancelsthebottommargin.

27 79 IB 4F

Hexadecimal

I

Formfeed

Mode

Both

ASCII

<FF>

Decimal Hexadecimal

12

Feedsthe papertothetopof thenextpageaccordingtothecurrent
pagelength,andmovestheprintpositiontotheleftmargin.When
the automaticsheetfeeder (ASF) is selected(DIP switch 14 is

OFF),thiscommandejectsthecurrentpage.

Returnto topof currentpage

Mode

std.

ASCII Decimal

<ESC> <FF>

27 12 IB OC

Feedsthe paperbackwardto the top of the currentpage. Ignored
whenfrictionfeedis used.

Disablepaper-outdetector

Mode

Both

ASCII Decimal

<ESC> “8” 27 5S IB 38

Causesthe printerto disregardthe signal sent by the paper-out
detector,enablingprintingtothebottomofthepaper.Overridesthe
settingof DIP switch 1-5.

Oc

Hexadecimal

Hexadecimal

Enablepaper-outdetector

Mode ASCII Decimal

Both

<ESC>

Causesthe printer to stop printingbefore the end of the paper.

Overridesthesettingof DIP switch 1-5.

“9” 27 57 IB 39

Hexadecimal

51

Set verticaltabstops

Mode ASCII Decimal Hexadecimal

Both

<ESC> “II” nl n2 ... <0> 2766

d n2 ... 0

IB 42 nl d ...00

Cancelsall currmt verticaltabstopsandsetsnewverticaltab stops
atlinesnl, n2,etc., whered, w2,etc.arenumbersbetween1and

255.A maximumof 16verticaltabstopscanbe set.Thetab stops
must be specifiedin ascendingorder any violationof ascending
orderterminatesthetabstoplist.Standardterminationisbythecb
controlcode.Theverticaltabstopsaresetintermsofthecurrentline

spacinganddonotmoveif thelinespacingischangedlater.

Set verticaltabstopseveryn lines

Mode

std.

ASCII Decimal Hexadecimal

<ESC> “e” 4’1” n
<“ESC> “e” <1> n

27101 49
27101 1 n IB 65 01 n

Cancelsall currentverticaltabstopsandsetsnewtabstopseveryn
lines.wheren is between2 and 127.

Set verticaltabstopsin channel

Mode

std.

ASCII Decimal Hexadecimal

<ESC> “b” nO nl 27 96 nO nl IB 62 nO nl

n2 ...

<o> n2... 0

CancelsallcurrentverticaItab stopsin channelnO,(whereM is

betweenOand7) andsetsnewverticaltabstopsinthischannel.(A
channelis a set of verticaltab stops selectedby the <ESC> “~’
command.)Seed3SC> “B”forparametemnl, n2, ... <0>.

Selectvertica/tabchannel

Mode ASCII

std.

<ESC> “r’ nO 27 47 nil

Selectsa set of verticaltab stopsdesignatedby a channelnumber
(n(l)fromOto7.Thetabstopsineachchannelaresetby<ESC>’’b”.

Decimal Hexadecimal

n

IB 65 31 n

d ... 00

IB 2F nO

I

Verticaltab

Mode ASCII

Both

<VT>

Decimal

11

Feedsthe paper to the next verticaltab stop and movesthe print
positiontotheleftmargin.Performsalinefeedifnoverticaltabsaxe

set,asatpower-up.Feedstothetopofthenextpageifverticaltabs
aresetbutthecurrentlineis at or belowthelast verticaltab stop.

HORIZONTAL POSITION COMMANDS

Setleftmargin

Mode ASCII

std.

<ESC> “l” n

Setstheleftmarginatcolumnn(wherenis betweenOand255)in

the current characterpitch (pica pitch if proportionalspacingis

selected).Theleft margindoes not move if the characterpitch is
changedlater.Theleftmarginmustbeatleasttwo columnsto the
leftof the rightmarginandwithinthelimitsbelow:

Pica
Elite
Condensedpica
Condensedelite
Expandedpica
Expandedelite
Expandedcondensedpica
Expandedcondensedelite

Decimal

27108 n

Hexadecimal

OB

Hexadecimal

IB 6C n

53

Setrightmargin

Mode

std.

ASCII Decimal

<ESC> “Q” n 27 81 n

Setstherightmarginatcolumnninthecurrentcharacterpitch(pica
pitch if proportionalspacing is currently selected). Column n

‘becomesthe lastcharacterpositioninthe line.Thenghtmargindoes

notmove if the characterpitchis changedlater.The rightmargin
mustbe withinthe limitsMow:

Pica
Elite
Condensedpica
Condensedelite
Expandedpica
Expandedelite 3 s n548
Expandedcondensedpica
Expandedcondensedelite

Setleftand rightmargins

Mode

IBM

ASCII Decimal

<ESC> “X” nl d 27 38 nl d

Setstheleftmarginatcolumnnl andtherightmarginatcolumnn2.
See the precedingcommandsfor margin restrictionsand other
notes.

Hexadecimal

IB 51 n

4< n <80
5 s n <96
7< n <137

8< n <160

2< n <40
4< n <68

4< n <80

Hexadecimal

IB M nl n2

Carriagereturn

Mode ASCII

Both

54

<CR>

Prints the current

margin.If DIP switch 1-3is OFF, alsoperformsaline feed.

Decimal

13 OD

Hexadecimal

lineandreturnsthenextprintpositionto theleft

Setautomaticlinefeed

Mode ASCII Decimal Hexadecimal

IBM

CEsc>“’5” cl> 27 63 1

IB 36 01

Causesthe printerto performbotha carriage~tum and line feed

eachtime it receivesa <CR>code.This commandtakes priority

overDIP switch 1-3.

Cancelautomaticlinefeed

Mode ASCII Decimal Hexadecimal

IBM <ESC> “5” cO> 27 53 0

IB 35 00

Causestheprintertoperformonlyacarriagereturnwhenitreceives

a <C- code.ThiscommandtakespriorityoverDIP switch 1-3.

Backspace

Mode ASCII Decimal

Both CBs> 8 06

Hexadecimal

Movestheprintpositionone cohunn to theletl. Ignorediftheprint
position is at the left margin. This command can be used to

overstrikeor combinecharacters.

Leftjustify

Mode

std.

ASCII

<ESC> “a” “O” 27 97 46

<ESC>

“a” <0>

Alignssubsequenttext withtheleft margin,leavingtherightmargin

ragged.

Decimal Hexadecimal

61 30

IB

27 97 0

IB 61 CO

Centertext

Mode ASCII Decimal Hexadecimal

61 31

std.

<ESC> “a” “1” 27 97 49

dzsc>

“a” cl> 27 97 1

Centerssubsequenttextbetweenthe left and rightmargins.

IB

IB 61 01

55

Rightjustify

Mode

std.

ASCII Decimal Hexadecimal

cESC> “a” “2” 27 97 50 IB 61 32

<ESC>

“a” <2>

27 97 2

IB 61 02

Alignssubsequenttextwiththenghtmargin,leavingtheleftmargin

‘ragged.

Sethorizontaltabstops

Mode

Both

ASCII

cESC> “D” nl n2 ... d>

Cancelsallcurnmthorizontaltab stops and setsnew tab stops at
columnsnl, ti, etc.inthecurrentcharacterpitch(picapitchifpro­portional spacing is currently selected), where nl, n2, etc. are
numbensbetween1 and255.Themaximumnumberofhorizontal
tabstopsallowedis32inStandardmodeand64inIBMmode.The
tab stopsmust be specifiedin ascendingorder;any violationof
ascendingorderterminatesthetabstoplist.Standardterminationis
bythecO>controlcode.Toclearalltabstops,specify<ESC>“D”

<o>.

Decimal Hexadecimal

27 66 nl n2 ... 0

IB 44 nl n2 ... 00

Sethorizontaltabstopseveryn columns

Mode

std.

ASCII

<ESC> “e” “O” n 27101 46 n

cESC> “e” <O> n 27101 0

Cancelsall currenthorizontaltabstopsandsetsnewtabstopsevery
n columns,wheren isbetween1 and 127.

Resetall tabstops

Mode ASCII

IBM <ESC> “R”

Resetsthehorizontaltabstopstotheirpower-upvaluesin whicha
tab stopis set every8columnstartingatcolumn9. Also clearsall
verticaltabstops.

56

Decimal

Decimal

27 82

n

Hexadecimal

IB 65 30 n

IB 65 00 n

Hexadecimal

IB 52

Horizontaltab

Mode ASCII Decimal

Both <H-f> 9

Movestheprintpositionto thenexthorizontaltabstop.Ignoredif
thereisnonexthorizontaltabstopinthecurrentline.Notethatwhen
underliningis selected,spacesskippedbyhorizontaltabulationare
notunderlined.

Relativehorizontaltab

Mode ASCII

std. cESC> ‘A” nl n2

Movestheprintpositionrightorleftaspecifieddistance(maximum

8inches).Ignorediftheresultingpositionisbeyondtherightorleft
margin.Theformulasforthedistanceanddirectionareasfollows:
If n2isbetweenOand63,theprintheadmovesrightby (nl + n2x

256)/120inches.
Ifyouwanttomovethe printheadtotheleft,nl andn2areobtained
by subtractingthevaluefrom 65536,and dividingthe resultinto
highandlowbytes.

Decimal Hexadecimal

27 92 nl d IB 5C nl n2

Absolutehorizontaltabin inches

Hexadecimal

09

Mode

std.

ASCII

cESC> 4’$” nl n2

Decimal

27 36 nl n2 IB 24 nl n2

Setsthenextprintpositionto(nl +n2x 256)/60inchesfromtheleft
marginon the currentline.Ignoredif this positionis beyondthe
rightmargin.Themaximumpositionis 8 inches.

Absolutehorizontaltabin columns

Mode ASCII Decimal

std.

<ESC> “f’ “O” n 27102 48 n

cESC> “f’ cO> n 27102 0 n

Movesthe nextprint positionto column n fmm the left margin,

wheren is betweenOand 127.

Hexadecimal

Hexadecimal

IB 66 30 n

IB M 00 n

57

GRAPHICS COMMANDS

Printnormal-density8-bitgraphics

Mode

Both

ASCII Decimal Hexadecimal

cESC> “K” nl d

ml m2 . ..

Prints

bit-imagegraphics at 60 dots per inch horizontally.The

27 75 nl n2 IB 4B n] d

ml d .. .

ml d ...

graphicimageis8dotshighandnl +n2x256dotswide.Maximum
widthis 8 inches(480dots).ml, m2,...arethedotdata,eacha 1­bytevaluefromOto255representing8verticaldots,withthemost
significantbitat thetop andtheleastsignificantbit atthe bottom.
Thenumberof databytesmustbenl + ti x 256.Dotsbeyondthe
rightmarginareignored.Attheendofbit-imageprintingtheprinter
returnsautomaticallyto charactermode.

Printdouble-density8-bitgraphics

Mode

Both

ASCII

<ESC> “L” nl n2

ml m2 ...

Decimal Hexadecimal

27 76 nl d IB 4C nl n2

ml m2 ...

ml d ...

Printsbit-imagegraphicsat 120dotsperinchhorizontally(maxi­mum960dotswide).See<ESC>“K”for otherinformation.

Printdouble-density,double-speed8-bitgraphics

Mode

Both

ASCII

CESC> “Y” nl d

ml m2 ... ml d ... ml ?n2 . ..

Decimal Hexadecimal

27 B9 n] d IB 59 nl n2

Printsbit-imagegraphicsat 120dotsper inchhorizontally(maxi­mum960 dots wide),skippingeveryseconddotin the horizontal
direction.See<ESC>“K”for otherinformation.

Printquadruple-density8-bitgraphics

Mode ASCII Decimal Hexadecimal

Both

<ESC> “Z” nl n2

ml d ...

27 90 nl d

ml m2 ... ml m2 ...

IB 5A nl W?

Printsbit-imagegraphicsat 240dots per inchhorizontally(maxi­mum 1920dotswide),skippingeveryseconddotin thehorizontal
direction.See<ESC>“K” forotherinformation.

Selectgraphicsmode

Mode ASCII Decimal Hexadecimal

std.

<ESC> “*” nO nl 27 42 d d IB 2A nO nl

n2 ml m2 ... n2

ml d ...

d ml m2 ...

Selectsoneof eightgraphicsmodesdependingonthevalueof nO

and prints bit-imagegraphicsin this mode. See <ES~ “K”

informationon nl, ti, ml, rn2,...

MI Graphicsmode
O Normal-density (60dotsper inch)

1 Double-density (120dotsperinch)
2 Double-density,double-speed (120dotsper inch)
3 Quadruple-density

(240dotsper inch)
4 CRTgraphics,modeI (80dotsperinch)
5 Plottergraphics (72 dotsper inch)
6 CRTgraphics,modeII (90 dotsper inch)
7 Double-densityplottergraphics(144dotsperinch)

for

Convertgraphicsdensity

IMode ] ASCII Decimal

IStd. I <ESC> “?” n m

ConvertsgraphicsdefinedbysubsequentcESC>“K”,<ESb “L”,
<ESC>”Y”or<ESC>“Z”commandstoadensitymodedefinedby
<ESC>“*”.n is “K”,“L“,“Y” or “Z”,indicatingthemodeto be
converted.misacodefrom<0>to<7>indicatingoneofthemodes
of <ESb “*”.

I 27 M n m I

Hexadecimal

IB 3F n m

59

Print9-pingraphics

Mode ASCII Decimal Hexadecimal

std.

<ESC> “” “ nO nl

d ml d ... n2 ml d . .. n2 ml d ...

27 94 nO nl

Selectsoneof eightgraphicsmodesdependingonthe valueof M

and prints 9-pin bit-imagegraphicsin this mode. The graphics

imageis 9 dotshighandnl +n2x 256dotswide.Maximumwidth
is8inches.Dotsbeyondtherightmarginareignored.ml, m2,...are
bytepairsrepresenting9verticaldotseach.Intheleftmostposition,
themostsignificantbitofml isthetopdot;theleastsignificantbit
ofml istheseconddotfromthebottom;themostsignificantbitof

m2isthebottomdot;andtheotherbitsofm2areignored.Otherbyte

pairsaresimilar.Thenumberof databytesmustbe2 x (nl + n2 x

256).Attheendofbit-imageprintingtheprinterreturnsautomati­callyto charactermode.

rd Graphicsmode
O Normal-density (60 dotsper inch)

1 Double-density (120dotsperinch)
2 Double-density,double-speed (120dotsper inch)
3 Quadruple-density

4 CRTgraphics,modeI

(240dotsper inch)
(80dotsper inch)

5 Plottergraphics (72dotsper inch)

6 CRTgraphics,modeII (90dotsper inch)

7 Double-densityplottergraphics(144dotsper inch)

IB 5E nO

nl

60

DOWNLOAD CHARACTER COMMANDS

Definedraftdownloadcharacters

Mode ASCII

cESC> “&” <O> n]

. std.

Definesoneormorenewdraftcharactersandstoresthemin RAM
forlateruse.DIPswitch1-2mustbeOFF;otherwiseRAMisused
as an inputbuffer,not for downloadingcharacters,andthis com­mandis ignored.Draftmodemustbeselectedbeforethiscommand
is executed.
nl is the charactercodeof thefirst characterdefinedand n2 is the
charactercodeof thelastcharacterdefined.nl mustbe equaltoor
lessthann2.Useofcharactercodes32(space)and127(deletecode)
shouldbe avoidedif possible.
Eachcharacters definedbyanattributebyte(mO)and11databytes

(ml, nd, .... .roll).

Themostsignificantbit of the attributebyteis 1if thecharacteris

an ascender(positionedentirelyabovethe baseline)orOif it is a
descender(descendingbelowthebaseline).Theattributebytealso
indicatestheamountofwhitespacetotheleftofthecharacter(Oto
7 dots,specifiedbybits4 to 6),andthewidthofthecharactercell,
includingthisspace(4 to 15dots,specifiedbybitsOto 3).Theleft

spaceandcellwidthattributesareusedonlyinproportionalspacing.
Eachdatabyte indicateseightverticaldots,withthe MSBbeingthe
topdotandtheLSBthebottomdot.Thesecorrespondtopins 1to

8or2 to 9 of theprinthead,dependingon whetherthecharacteris

an ascenderor descender.
For furtherdetails,pleasereferto the Chapter5.

d mO ml m2

d ... mll

Decimal

27 30 0 d

n2 mO

ml d d mO ml m2

d ... mll d ... mll

Hexadecimal

IB 26 W nl

61

DefineNLQdownloadcharacters

IMode/

std. d rno ml m2

ASCII Decimal

cESC> “&” <O> nl 27 36 0 nl IB 26 LII nl

d d ml d

d ...

m46

nd ... m46

Hexadecimal

I

d mo ml d

ti ... m46

.DefinesoneormorenewNLQcharactemandstorestheminRAM

for later use. DIP switch 1-2must be OFF. NLQ mode must be
selectedbeforethiscommandis executed.Theparametersarethe
sameasforthedraftdownloadcharactercommandexceptthatthe
attributebytespecifiesrightspaceinsteadofcharacterwidthandthe
dotdensityis doubledin eachdirection,soeachcharacterconsists
of 16dotsverticallyand23dotshorizontallyandrequires46 data
bytes.Dotsdefinedbyml tom23areprintedonthefirstpassof the
head.Dotsdefinedby m24to m46areprintedon the secondpass,
thepaperbeingscrolledup half a dotbetweenthetwopasses.For
furtherdetails,pleaserefertothe Chapter5.

Definedraftdownloadcharacters

Mode ASCII Decimal Hexadecimal

27 61 nl n2 20 IB 3D nl n2 14

aO al a2 ml

d ... mll d .. . mll

aO al d ml

IBM

<ESC> “=” nl n2

aO al a2 ml

<DC4>

d ... mll

DefinesoneormorenewdraftcharactersandstorestheminRAM
forlateruse.Draftmodemustbe selectedbeforethiscommandis

executed.nl andn2givethenumberofdatabytesthatwillfollow.
dOisthecharactercodeofthefirstcharacterdefined.al anda2are

attributesbytes.ml tomll arethecharacterdata,andarethesame
as in <ESC> “&”. The attributebyte al indicateswhetherthe

characteris an ascender(notusingthe lowestof the ninevertical
dots)or a descender(notusingthehighestdot)andwhetherit has

a downwardextensionto 12dots.

62

Theattributebytea2 givesproportional-spacinginformation.Bit7
is ignored.Bits4 to 6 specifythe offsetto the firstbyteprinted(O
to7),enablingleadingspacesinthecharactertobe ignored.BitsO
to 3 specifythe widthofthecharactercell(maximum11dots).The
characterwillbefollowedbyamandatoryblankdotcolumnwhich
is notincludedin thiswidth.

Charactersdefinedbythiscommandcanbeselectedby-d3Sb “I”
4 or <ESC>

“I” 5.ThiscommandisignoredwhenDIP switch1-2

is ON.

DefineNLQdownloadcharacters

Mode ASCII Decimal Hexadecimal

IB 3D nl n2 15

aO al d ml

m2 m46

IBM

<ESC> “=” nl n2 dJAU

al d ml

aO

d ... m46

27 61 n] n2 21

aO al d ml

d ... m46

Definesone ormorenewNLQcharactersandstorestheminRAM
for later use. DIP switch 1-2 must be OFF.NLQ modemust be
selectedbeforethiscommandisexecuted.Theparametemarethe
sameasforthedraftcharactercommandexceptthatthedotdensity
is doubledin eachdirection,so eachcharacterconsistsof 16dots
verticallyand23 dotshorizontallyandrequires46 databytes.

CopycharactersetfromROMintoRAM

Mode

sid. <ESC> “:” <O> n <o>

ASCII Decimal Hexadecimal

27 56 0 n O

Copiesthe selectedcharacterset with n, as shownbelow, to the
correspondingdownloadcharacter RAM area, overwritingany
downloaddataalreadypresent.IgnoredwhenDIPswitch1-2isON.

n Characterset
O Courier

1 Sanserif

7 Oratorwithsmallcapitals

8 Oratorwithlowercase

Selectdownloadcharacterset

Mode

std.

ASCII Decimal Hexadecimal

<ESC> “Yo” “l” 27 37 49
<ESC> “%” <1> 27 37 1

Selectsthedownloadcharacterset.IgnoredwhenDIPswitch1-2is
ON.

IB 3A 00 n 00

IB 25 31
IB 25 01

63

Selectdraftdownloadcharacterset

Mode ASCII Decimal Hexadecimal

IBM

<ESC> “I” “4” 27 73 52

<ESC>

“I” <4> 27 73 4 IB 49 04

IB 49 34

Selectsthedownloadcharactersetanddraftquality.Ignoredifthe

FONTbuttonwaspressedduringpower-upor if DIP switch 1-2is

‘

ON.

Selectdraftelite downloadcharacterset

Mode

IBM

ASCII

<ESC>

<ESC>

“I” “5” 27 73 53 IB 49 35

“I” <5> 27 73 5

Decimal Hexadecimal

IB 49 05

Selectsthe downloadcharacterset,draftquality,andelitepitch(12
cpi).Ignoredifthe

FONTbuttonwaspressedduringpower-uporif

DIPswitch1-2is ON.

SelectNLQdownloadcharacterset

Mode ASCII Decimal Hexadecimal

IBM

<ESC> “1” “6” 27 73 54

<ESC> “I”

<6> 27 73 6

IB 49 36
IB 49 06

Selectsthedownloadcharactersetandnearletterquality.Ignored

FONTbuttonwaspressedduringpower-uporifDIPswitch1-

ifthe
2 is ON.

SelectROMcharacterset

Jode I ASCII Decimal Hexadecimal

std.

<ESC> “%” “O” 27 37 48
<ESC> Vo” <O> 27 37 0

Stopsusingthe downloadcharacterset and returnsto the built-in

ROMcharacterset.IgnoredwhenDIPswitch1-2is ON.

IB 25 30
IB 25 00

64

OTHER PRINTER CONTROL COMMANDS

SetMSBto 1

Mode ASCII Decimal Hexadecimal

std. <ESC> “>” 27 62

IB 3E

Setsthemostsignificantbit of eachsubsequentbytereceivedto 1,
allowinguserswitha7-bitinterfacetoaccesscharacterswithASCII

codesgreaterthan 127.

SetMSBto O

Mode

ASCII Decimal Hexadecimal

std. <ESC> “=” 27 61

Sets the

mostsignificantbitof eachsubsequentbytereceivedto O.

AcceptMSBas is

Mode

std.

ASCII Decimal Hexadecimal

<ESC> “#” 27 35

Cancelstheprecedingcommandsandacceptsthemostsignificant
bitas it is sentto the printer.

Deletelast charactersent

Mode

std. <DEb

ASCII Decimal Hexadecimal

127

Deletesthe last characterreceived.Ignoredif the last character
receivedhas alreadybeenprinted,orif the lastcharacterreceived
wasallor part of a command.

Cancellastline

Mode ASCII Decimal

Both

<CAN> 24 18

IB 3D

IB 23

7F

Hexadecimal

Deletesthelastlinecurrentlypresentin theprintbuffer.

65

Quietprint

Mode

Std.

ASCII

<ESC>

<ESC> “s” <1> 27115 1

“S” “l” 27115 49

Decimal Hexadecimal

IB 73 31
IB 73 01

Selectsthequietprintmode,inwhichtheprinterprintseachlinein

two passestoreducethe soundofprinting.Youcanalsosetthequiet

modewiththe controlpanelbutton.

Cancelquietprint

Mode ASCII Decimal Hexadecimal

Std.

<ESC>

<ESC> “s”

“S” “O”

<o> 27115 0

27115 48 IB 73 30

IB 73 00

Cancelsthequiet printmode,andresumesnormalprinting.
Youcan alsocancelthequietmodewiththecontrolpanelbutton.

Setprinteroff-line

Mode

ASCII Decimal

std. <DC3>

IBM

<ESC> “Q”

Sets the printer off-line. The printer disregardsall subsequent
charactersandcommandsexcept<DC1>,whichreturnsittotheon­linestate.Theprinter’sON

<3>

19
27 81 3

LINEindicatordoesnotgo off.

Hexadecimal

13

IB 51 03

Setprinteron-line

Mode ASCII Decimal Hexadecimal

Both

66

<Del> 17 11

Returnstheprinterto the on-linestate,allowingit to receiveand
processallsubsequentcharactersandcommands.Thiscommandis
ignorediftheprinterwassetoff-linebypressingtheON

LINEbutton

on thecontrolpanel.

Bell

Mode ASCII

Both -+lEb 7

Decimal Hexadecimal

Soundsabriefbeeptonefromtheprinter’sbeeper.

Bidirectionalprinting

IModel ASCII

Both

<ESC> “U” “O”
<ESC> “U” <O> 27 85 0

Causessubsequentprintingto be donein the normalbidirectional

mode,whichis fasterthanunidirectionalprinting.

I Decimal

27 85 48 IB 55 30

Unidirectiona/printing

Mode ASCII

Both

<ESC> “U” “l”

<ESC> “u” cl>

Causessubsequentprintingto be doneunidirectionally,ensuring
maximumverticalalignmentprecision.

Decimal Hexadecimal

27 85 49 IB 55 31
27 85 1 18 55 01

One-1ineunidirectionalprinting

07

\ Hexadecimal I

16 55 00

Mode ASCII

Std. <ESC> “<”

Immediatelyreturnstheprintheadtotheleftmargin,thenprintsthe
remainder of the line fromleft to right. Normal bidirectional

printingresumeson thenextline.

Manualfeed

Mode ASCII

Both ,,(,, ,,(,,

<ESC>

Selectsmanual sheet feedingeven when the optional automatic
sheetfeeder is mounted.Ignoredif DIP switch 1-4 is ON (ASF

inactive).

<EM> <O>

“o” “ “ “ “

))

Decimal Hexadecimal

27 60

Decimal

27 25 0

40 40 48 41 41 28 28 30 29 29

IB 3C

Hexadecimal

IB 19 00

I

Autofeed

‘Mode ASCII

Both ,,(,, ,,(,,

<ESC> <EM> <4>

“4” “ “ “ “

))

Decimal

27 25 4

40 40 52 41 41 28 28 34 29 29

Selectstheautomaticsheetfeeder.IgnoredifDIPswitch1-4is ON

(ASFinactive).

Ejectpaper fromASF

Mode ASCII

Both ,,(,, ,,(,,

<ESC> <EM> “R”

Ejects the current page. Ignored if DIP switch 1-4is ON (ASF
inactive).

“R” “ “ “ “

))

Decimal

27 25 82 IB 19 52

40 40 82 41 41

Setprint startpositiononASF

Mode ASCII

Both ,,(,, ,,(,,

<ESC> <EM> ‘T” n

Skipsn/6inchesatthe topofthe page,wherenisbetween1and 15.

IgnoredifDIP switch 1-4is ON(ASFinactive).

“T” “ “ “ “ n

))

Decimal Hexadecimal

27 25 84 n
40 40 84 41 41 n 28 28 54 28 29 n

Hexadecimal

IB 19 04

Hexadecimal

28 28 52 29 28

IB 19 54 n

Resetprinter

Mode ASCII Decimal Hexadecimal

Both <ESC> ‘&I@” 27 64 IB 40

Reinitializestheprinter.Clearstheprintbufferandreturnssettings
totheirpower-upvalues.Doesnot cleartheinputbufferorchange
ASF selections.

68

chapter 5

DOWNLOAD CHARACTERS

Withthisprinteryoucancreatenewcharactersandsymbols,downloadtheir
dotdata,andhave themprintedinplaceofselectedcharactersintheregular
characterset.Charactersthatcanbegeneratedinthiswayrangefromsimple
but useful symbols like the check mark through complex Chinese or
Japanesecharacters.

Regular characters are permanentlystored in the printer’s ROM, but
charactersyoudesignaredownloadedandstoredin RAMfor use.

DESIGNING YOUR OWN DRAFT CHARACTERS

Designingandprintingyour own charactershas two requirements:first,

designingtheshapeofthecharacter,calculatingthedatanecessarytomake
the shape,and sendingthatdatato the printer,and secondly,sendingthe
commandtoprintthedownloadedcharactersinsteadoftheregularcharac­ters. There are a numberof designconstraintsfor downloaddraft quality
characters:

● Thematrixor grid on whichyoudesignthecharactersis sixboxeswide

by nineboxeshigh.

● HorizontaUy,dotsmaybecenteredinabox, ormaystraddlealine,making

theactualcharactergrid 11dotswideby9 dotshigh.Vertically,dotscan
onlybe centeredin a box.SeeFigure5-1.

I

Figure5-1.Dotscanbe insideboxesorstraddletheverticallinesof thegrid

69

I

●

Theminimumwidthof a characteris fivedots.

●

Theuser-definedcharactersmayuseeightdotsvertically.

w

Dotscannotoverlap—thatis, youmaynothavea dotinsideaboxnext
to onethat is on a line.

●

Youmay defineanypositionin the ASCIItable.

PhotocopythegridinFigure5-2tohelpdesignyournewcharacters.Wewill
usea tiny-rep=sentationof a car-shapedsymbolforour example.

ml m3 ti m7 m9 mll

m2 m4 m6 m8 m10

]~g

64

32
16

8
4

2

1

ASCII Code:
Descender:
Left space:
Last column:
mO= Descender x 128

+ (Left x 16)
+ Last

[

Flgutw5-2 Usethisgrid(oronesimilartoit)todefineyourowndraftcharacters

Definingtheattributedata

Beforeyoustartthedefinition,youwillneedtodecideexactlywherein the
mgularASCIIsetyouwanttoplaceyourcharacters.Atlerdownloading,you

access your new characterby sending the code for the character you
replaced.

70

ml m3 nd m7 m9 mll

nl~ “,4 m6 n,8 ~,]()

128

64
32

16

8
4
2

1

124 66 64 76 16 0

0 4 36 2 12

FigureS3.Addthevalues of the dote in each column and write the sum of each column atthebottom

ASCII Code:
Descender: 7
Left space: O

column: ?Z

Last

Descender x ]28

m(l =

(bft X 16)

+

+ Last

Next you must choosewhetherto make the car symbolan ascenderor a
descender.Thisdetermineshowthecharacteris seatedonthe line:

Ascender: Cl:;:::

Descender: ~.u~i’:

Wedecidedthatourcarsymbolwillnotbe a“descender”,soafigure“l” is
writtennexttoDescenderonthegrid.Ifyourcharacterisadescender,write
a “O”nextto Descender.

Next, you must specify the left space and the last print column of the
character.
Beingableto specifythe widthof the characterallowsyouto specifythe
precisearea insidethe grid that the characterwill occupy,so that narrow
charactemwilllook attractivenextto wideones.
AcceptablevaluesfortheleftspaceareOto7, andthelastprintcolumnare
from4 to 11.
Ourcharacterwilloccupyfromcolumn1tocolumn11,sotheleflspaceis
Oandthe characterwidthdatais 11.

Assigningthecharacterdata

Now,wecalculatetheverticalnumericalvaluesofthecolumnsofdots,and
enterthemunderneaththegrid.Forexample,lookingatFigure5-3,wesee
thatintheleft-mostcolumntherearefivedots,andtheyaresittinginthe“64”
box,“32’’box,“16”twx,“8”box,and“4”box.Thusitsverticalvalueis124.
In the nextcolumn,thereis no dotstraddlingtheverticalline;itsvalueis
nxorded as O.

Youwillseethelettersml,nd, m3,etc.,areaboveyourvalues.Whenyou
definethecharacter,youwillsubstituteyourvalueforeachoftheseletters.

Samp/eprogram

To demonstratehow to use the downloadcharacters,let’s use the “car”
characterandsomeotheruser-definedcharacterstoprintasmallgraph.This
programwilldojust that:

LPRINT CHR$(27) ; “A” ; CHR$(O) ;

200

LPRIN”r CHR$(60) ; CHR$(62 ) ;

210

FOR N=60 TO 62

220

FOR M=O TO 11

230

READ MM

240

LPRINT CHR$(MM);

250

NEXT M

260

NEXT N

270

LPRINT

280
290

;:); 139, 2, 5,

300

DATA 139, 124,

310

DATA 36, 16,

320

DATA 139, 46, 16, 2, 60, 0

330

DATA 48,

340

LPRINT CHR$(27) ; ‘(

350
360

LPRINT CHR$(27 ) j “h” jCHR$(1 ) ;
LPRINT “

370

LPRINT CHR$(27 ) j “h” 1CHR$(OJ ;

380

LPRINT CHR$(27) : “%”; CHR$( 1 ) ;

390

LPRINT “AUTOS“ ; CHR$(9 ) j

400

FOR I=. 4 TO 9.3 STEP .4

410

LPRINT CHR$(61) ;

420
430

NEXT I

LPRINT

440

0,241, 8, 5, 2, 0

0, 48,

U. S . EXPORTS”

8, 241, 0

0, 66,
2, 16, 12, ()

D:4JCHR$( 11 ) ;CHR$(O) ;

4, 64

0, 48, 0

72

450 L,PRINT “CHEMICALS”;CHR$ (9) ;
460 FOR 1=.4 TO 5.7 STEP .4
470 LPRINT CHR$(60) ;
480 NEXT 1
490 LPRINT
500 LPRINT “GUNS”;CHR$ (9) ;
510 FOR 1=.4 TO 1.4 STEP .4
520 LPRINT CHR$(62);
530 NEX’1”I
540 LPRINT
550 LPRINT CHR$(9) ;“+––”;

560 SCALE$=’’––+––”
570 FOR 1=2 TO 8 STEP 2

580 LPRINT SCALE$;
590 NEXT I
600 LPRINT “--+”
610 LPRINI” CHR$(9); ” “;
620 FOR 1=2 TO B STEp 2
630 LPRINT “ “;1;
640 NEXT I
650 LPRINI” CHR$(27) ;”%’’;CHR$(O)
660 LPRINT CHR$(27) ;“S’’;CHR$(O) ;
670 LPRINT CHR$(9); ’’MILLIONS OF DOLLARS”
680 LPRINT CHR$(27); ”T”
690 LPRINT CHR$(27) ;“@”

LLlEL

+--- ..-.” -t . ---+.. . . -,+----,-- --+’ ---- .....+

EX’

73

I

DEFINING YOUR OWN NLQ CHARACTERS

Asyou probablynoticed,NLQcharactersareprintedby twopassesofthe
printhead.Halfofthecharacters printedonthefirstpass,andtheremainder
onthe secondpass.Thepaperis rolleduphalfadotheightinbetweenpasses
toletthe printheadprintdotsonthe secondpassthatoverlaptheprevious
dots,b onlerto fillin thespacesandproducedenserchamctem.Addition­ally,theprint head speedis halved,andthe dotsareprintedat doublethe
densityofdraftcharacters.Forthisreason,NLQcharactemcancontainup
to 23 dotsin the horizontaldirection.

Fundamentally,theprocesstodefineandprintdownloadedNLQcharacter

is the sameas fordraftcharacters,exceptthatyoumust supplyaboutfour
timesasmuchcharacterdata,andyoumustdesignthecharacterwiththetwo
passes of the print head in mind. There are small differenceswith the

standardmodein the way the attributeinformationis processedalso.

In the draftqualitymodetheattributebytecarriesthe descenderdata,and

specifiestheleft spaceandthecharacterwidth.In theNLQmode,the first
bit also carries the descenderdata, and the next three bits describethe
character’sleft space as with the draft charactem,but the last four bits
describetherightspace.Appropriateallocationofdatain thesesevenbits
lets you place the character where you like within the grid, with the
restrictionthatthecharactermustbe at least9 dotswide.

Usethe gridinFigure5-4to helpplotthedata.Duetothetwo-passprocess,
NLQcharacterscancontainupto 16dotsvertically.mltom23arethedata
forthe f~st pass,and m24to m46arethedataforthesecondpass.

Tomakethecharacterdataeasiertocalculate,putthefirstpassdotsinside
theboxesonthegridwhenyouaredesigningyourcharacters,andthesecond
passdots on thelines.Rememberthatadjacentdotsmaynotoverlaponthe
samepass;inotherwords,ifonedotis inabox,itsadjacentdotonthesame
passmaynotbeonaline.Therefore,tomakesmoothcharactm, putthedots

neededto overlapanyspacesinacharacterintheappropriateplacesin the

secondpass grid.
Ifweplotourcar-shapedsymbolforNLQ,thegriddatawilllooklikeFigure

5-5.

Thedefiningprocessisthesameasfordraftcharacters,exceptthatyoumust

selectNLQmode,and you mustdefine46 data. If youwish to printyour

NLQ characterswiththe regularcharacterset, the remarksregardingthe

74

simultaneoususeof ~gular anddownloadcharactersinthedraftcharacter
sectionapplyequallyto NLQ characters.

(1s1) ml

rr124.

,.

..m23
..m46

(2nd)

]~8

128

64
32

16

64

32

8

4

~

16

8
4

Code:

ASCII
Descender:
Left space:
Right space:
mO= Descender x 128

+ (Lef{
+ Right

~

1

lst:

1

2nd:

I

I

Figure5-4.Usethis grid (or one similar to it) to define your own NLO characters

( lst) m] ...,

..m23

(2nd)

128

128

64
3?

16

8

4

2

64

ASCI1Code:

32

Descender: 1

16

Left space: O

8

Right space: O

mO= Descender x 128

4

+ (Lef[ x 16)

2

1

~St: 14 38 70 70 126 0 0 0

?6 1 1 0

2nd: 28 M 74 M 124 0 64 32 76 0 0 0

32 64 0 0 0

070382.?6 6 6

12 12 74 74 74 72

9980

1

igure 5-5.Add the values of the dots in the boxes first, and then add the value on the lines

X 16)

I

75

MEMO

76

chapter 6

MS-DOS AND YOUR PRINTER

WhenusingyourprinterwithanIBMPC,PC-XT,orPC-ATorcompatible,
youwillprobablybeusingPC-DOSorMS-DOSas anoperatingsystem.A
numberofsoftwaretricksmaybe usefulhere.Thischapterisnot,however,

asubstitutefortheoperatingsystemmanualssuppliedwithyourcomputer.
To learnhowto printfiles,etc.it is best to readthe relevantpartsofthese
manuals.

INSTALLING APPLICATION SOFTWARE WITH

YOUR PRINTER

Wheninstallingapplicationsoftware,youmayfindthatyourprinteris not

specificallymentionedin the lists of printersgivenfor installation.How­ever, this should pose no problem. Read this section, and guidelines
providedwithyoursoftwa~ on printerinstallation.

If youhaveyourprintersetup instandardmode,thenchooseanEpsonLX-

850as yourprinterto be selected.
Ifthisisnotmentioned,chooseoneofthefollowing(inorderofpreference):
StarNX-1000/LC-10,StarND-10/15,EpsonFX86e,EpsonFX286e.

If you have yourprintersetup withthe DIP switchesto emulatean IBM
ProprinterIII, simplychoosethisfromthelist of printersavailablein the
applicationsoftwarelist.
If the IBMProprinterIII is notmentioned,usePmprinterII or Pmprinter.

Ifyoursoftwaxepackagedoesnotmentionprintersbyname,butasksinstead
whatfeaturesyourprinteris capableof, the most commonquestionsare:
“Canyourprinterperforma backspace?”and“Canit do a hardwareform
feed?”.You shouldanswer“Yes”to boththesequestions.

Other softwarepackagesmay well allowyou to installspecificfeatures.
Spreadsheetprogramswilloftenaskforthemaximumnumberofcolumns
to be printed.This is givenbelow.

77

CPI
Pica 10
Elite 12
Condensedpica
Condensedelite
Proportional

Sometimesthe software installation will ask you for an initialization
sequenceto returntothedefaultsettings.Thecommandforyourprinteris

<ESC>@.
MakesurethattheDIPswitchesaresetforthecorrectpnnteremulation,and

thatyouhave selectedtheappropriatecharactersetusingtheDIPswitches.
Ifyouareindoubtaboutthecofilgrationof yourapplicationsoftware,seek
expertadvice.Yoursoftwaresupplierwillprobablybeyourmostqualified
reference.

17.1 137

20 160

Numberofcolumns

80

96

Variable

EMBEDDING PRINTER COMMANDS

Many word-processorsand other softwarelack commandsfor changing
font,or printingdouble-sizecharactem.Yourprinterthereforehas com­mandsthatcanbeembeddedindocumentstocontrolthesefunctionswithout
softwarehelp.Thecommandsconsistofacapitalletterenclosedindouble

parentheses,followedbya digit:

Font:

Size:

If you want to print a title in double-sizeOratorwith smallcapitals,then
changeto regular-sizefontsforothertext,youcan usethesecommandsas
follows:

((F))O
((F))l
((F))7
((F))8
((F))9

((s))0 Standardsize
((s))1
((s))2

((s))3

Courier
Sanserif
Oratorwithsmallcapitals
Oratorwithlowercase
Draft

Double width
Doubleheight
Doublewidthandheight

Fileas seenon computerscreen:

((F))7 ((S))3

Printer commands

(( F))CI (( S))0

Font commands (( F))lcan be (( F))7embeddecl

((Fl)8anywhere ((F) )9in a document.

Printout:

PRINTER COMMANDS

Whenyouusethesecommandsthereare severalpointsto note:

● The font ((F)) commandis ignoredif the FONTbuttonwas held down

whenpowerwas switchedon.

● A lineconsistingof commandsaloneprintsas a blankline.

● Thesoftwarewillnot knowthatthesearecommands,soyoucannottrust

yoursoftwaretogiveyouthecorrectlinewidth.Theprintedlinemaybe
considerablyshorterthanthelineon thescreen;theextraspacebeingthe
spacethatwasoccupiedby thecommands.

Onewaytohandlethe lastproblemistoprepareyour documentwithoutthe
commands,theninsertthemasa finalstep,withthemarginsreleased.The
find,replace,andcopyfunctionsofword-processingsoftwarecanbehelpful
here.

Ifyoudonotusethesecommandsorthepanelcontrols,theprinterwillprint
standard-size,draft characters.

The printersupportsvariouscommandsin additionto the above,such as
quadruple-sizeprinting.Mostoftheseothercommandsconsistoftheescape
codefollowedby one or morelettersor numbers.
If your softwareenablesyoutoplacetheescapecodeinyourfiles,orif you
areabletodefinethisasauseroptionduringinstallation,youcanalsoembed
theseescapesequences.

PROGRAMMING THE PRINTER WITH DOS

COMMANDS

If your systemincludesthe file PRINT.COMyoucan use the main DOS
printingcommand.SimplytypethewordPRINTfollowedby thenameof
the file you want to print. To print a fde named README.DOC,for
example,type:

A>PRINT README .DOC

The computermay respond with the followingmessage,asking which
printertouse:

Name of 1ist device [PRN] :

If yourcomputerisconnectedtoonlyoneprinter,pressRETURNto select
the default choice (HUN).Printing will begin and the A> prompt will
reappear.You can executeothercommandsor programswhilethe fde is

beingprinted.
A single PRINTcommandcanprinttwoor morefiles.Listthe filenames

consecutivelyon the sameline,or use wild-cardcharactem(* and?).Each
filewillbe printedstartingon anewpage.ThePRINTcommandalsohas
controloptions.For example,youcan terminatea printingjob in progress
withthen option.(Theprintermaynotstopprintingimmediatelyasthere

maybeconsiderabledatastoredaheadinitsbuffer.)Forthen option,type:

A )F’RINT/’”lY

Seeyour,DOSmanualforfurtherinformationaboutthePRINTcommand.
If yoursystemdoesnotincludePRINT.COM,youcanprintfilesby using
thePRNdevicenameinCOPYorTYPEcommandssuchasthefollowing:

COPYandTYPEdonotpermityouto executeothercommandswhilethe
fileis printing.

Ifyouwantaparticularfont,orprintpitch,youcanmakethesesettingsfrom
thecontrolpanelbeforeyoustartprinting.See Chapter2.

80

I youprintfromtheDOScommandlevelveryoften,itwillbeadvantageous
tocreateaprintersetupfde.Theninsteadofsettingfontetc.manuallyeach
time, you can compIetethe setup with a single command from your
computer.Forexample,youcancreateafilecontainingprintercommands
to selectnearletterquality,and selectelitepitchwith the Standardmode.
Youcan find the commandsin Chapter4. Wesuggestthefollowing:

~Nearletterquality

● Elitepitch

<ESC> “l”
<ESC> “!”

<1>

<ESC>“!”<1>is a powerfulcommandthat,in additionto selectingelite
pitch,cancelsunwantedfeaturessuch as underliningwhichmightbe left
from previous commands.The angle brackets around the cl> indicate
charactercode 1,whichis a controlcode,notthe printabledigit“l”.

Youmay wantto placeadditionalcommandsin this file, such as left and
rightmargins,line spacingandbottommargincommands.Oryoumaywant
to createa varietyof setupfdes with a differentset of commandsin each.

To avoidexcesslinefeeds,youshouIdpIacethe commandsononelinein
thesetupfile.Youmayormaynotbeabletogenerateasetupfilewithword­processingsoftware;it dependson whetheryour softwarelets you enter
controlcodes.If yoursystemincIudesthefileEDLIN.COM,however,you
caneasilycreatea setupfile withthe DOSline editor.

An appropriatenameforthissetupfilewouldbeNLQELITE.DAT.Touse

the DOSlineeditor,typethe commandEDLINNLQELITE.DAT,thentype
theunderlinedpactsofthe followingdisplay.PressRETURNattheendof

eachline.Don’ttypethesymbol“A”.ThissymbolmeanstoholdtheCTRL

keydownwhilepressingthenextkey:forexample,‘V meanstotypeCTRL-

V. whichindicatestheendof the input.

A)EDLIN NLQELITE .DAT

..._————.———....-..—..—.,-

New f i le

“’v[:“VA

—......—..——_.—

‘V indicatesthatthe

*.X1X1

*“C

—

followingcharacteris a controlcode.‘V[ entersthe

<ESC>code.<ESb has charactercode27, and “[” is the 27thcharacter
fromAinASCIIsequence.Similarly,‘VAentersthecontrolcode<1>.See
yourDOSmanualif youneedfurtherinformationaboutEDLIN.

81

Youcannowsetup theprinterby sendingitthefileNLQELITE.DAT.To

avoidumecessaryloggingofcommands,switchhard-copyoutputoff (by
pressingClllL-PRTSCifhardcopyis on).ToprintthefileREADME.DOC
in NLQelitetype,givethe followingtwo commands:

A?COPY NLC?ELITE. PAT PRN

A)PRINT README .DOC

Forgreaterconvenienceyoucanmakeabatchfdethatwillsetup theprinter
andprintany specifiedfilewitha singlecommand.To createsucha batch
filewiththenameNLQPRINT.BAT,typeinthefirstfourlinesshownnext.
‘Z meansto presstheCTRLandZkeyssimultaneously.Tousethis fileto

printREADME.DOC,typethefifthline.

A ?c@Pj’CON NI.QFT!INT.BAT
COPY NLQELITE . DAT PRN
PRINT %1

.-

L

A’?NLQpRINT RE7iDME. DOc

The firstline aboveis a copycommandfromthe CONsolescreento a file

namedNLQPRINT.BAT.Thenexttwolinesarethecontentsofthisfile.The
%1is a dummyparameter:whateverfilenameyoutypeafterNLQPRINT
willbe substitutedfor 701andprinted.

PROGRAMMING WITH BASIC

As an exampleofprogrammingtheprinteronMicrosoftBASIC,wehave
listed the program for the IBM-PC.This program runs in the printer’s
Standardmode,andthe dowrdoadablecondition(DIPswitch 1-1ON and
DIP switch 1-2OFF).

1000 ‘
1010 E$=CHR$(27) ‘Escape cqde
1020 D$-E$+’’XO”
1030

1040C$=@+’’kO’’+N$
1050S$=E$+’’kl’’+N$
106001$-E$+’’k7’’+N$
107002$=E$+’’k8’’+N$
1080H$=CHR$(9)
1090P$=E$+”P”

1100‘ Startprinting

1110WIDTH“1.Fll:“,255

82

Set control cedes

N$=E$+’’x1°

‘Draft quality

‘Nearletterquality
‘Couriercharacters
‘Sarserifcharacters
‘Oratorwithsmal1 capital
‘Oratorwithlowercase
‘Horizontaltab
‘Picapitch

1120LPRINTE$;’’D’’;CHR$(3);CHR$(13);CY+R$(O)‘Set~
1130LPRINTC$;“Fontsare:”
1140LPRINTH$;D$;“Draftcharacters,“
1150LPRI~ H$;C$;“Couriercharacters,”
1160LPRINTH$;S$;‘%nserifcharacters,”
1170LPRINTH$;O1$;“Oratorwithsmal1 capitals,or ‘(
1180LPRINTH$;02$;“
1190LPRINTE$;“4”;

withlowercasecharacters,

‘Selectitalics
1200LPRINTH$;02$;“and“;01$;‘(italics“;S$;“for“;
1’210I.F’RINTC$;“all“;E$;“fonts.”
1220LPRINTE$;“5”

‘Cancelitalics

1230LPRINTC$;“Printpitchesare:”

1240LPRINI’H$;P$;“Picapitch,“

1250LPRINTH$;E$;

“M”;“Elitepitch,”

1260I#RI~ H$;CHR$(15);‘Cordensedpitch
1270LPRXNTP$;“Condensedpicapitch,“
1280LPRINTH$;E$;“M”;
1290LPRI~ P$;

1300LPRINTCHR$(18)

1310LPRINTH$;E$;

“Cordemedelitepitch,”:

‘Picapitch
‘Cancelcordemedprint

‘Selectproportionalspacing
1320LPRINI’“andproportionalspacirg,”
1330LPRI~ E.$;

‘ proportiomlspacirg

1340LPRIW H$;E$;“W1’’;’’Expanded,“;F$;“WO”;

1350LPRI~ IZ$;“w1”;‘Touble-height,“;E$;“wO”

1360IFRINTH$;E$;“h”;GIR$(l);“Ibubl=ized,”

1370LPRItWH$;E$;“h”;CHR$(2);“Quad*ized.”;
1380LPRI~ E$;“h’’;CHR$(O)
1390LPRI~ :LPRINT:IYRINT
1400LPRI~ ~; “Q”;CTIR$(47)‘Setrightumqin
1410LX’RINTC$;“Varimslineamicharacterspacings:”
1420IPRI~ E$;“al”

‘Centertext
1430KM? 1=1‘ID7
1440LPRINTE$;“A”;CHR$(I); ‘Set1inespacing
1450LPRIM E$;“ “;CHR$(I); ‘Increasecharacterspace
14$0~~~ “THE

S C

1470NEXTI
la FCR I-7ITI1 SIW –1
1490LPRINTF.$;“A”;CHR$(I);
1500LPRINTE$;“ “;cHR$(I);
1510LPRI!W“lHESPACIN3SARE CHAN’3ED”
1520NEXTI
1530LPRI~ E$;“aO” ‘Lef,tjustify
1540LpRIm ~; “3”;CHR$(36); ‘Set1/6”1inespacing
1550LPRINTF$;“ “;CHR$(0);

‘Normalcharacterspace
1560LPRINT:LPRINT
1570LPRIW C$;“Otherfeatures:”
1580LPRINTH$;E$;“E”;“I@hasized”;E$;“F”;”,“;
1590LPRINTE$;“G”;‘Tkmble-trike”;E$;“H”;”,“;
1600LPRINTE$;“-l”;‘Thxierlining”;E$;“4”; “, “;
1610LPRINT

16~0~1~ H$;FJ$;“SO”;“

SUPERSCRIPT”;E$;“T”;“ and “;
1630LPRI~ E$;“S1”;“5WESCR1PT”;E$;“T”
1640Gmu8 2110

,

83

1650 LPRI~ H$;C$;“Ibtnloadcharacters:“;

1660LPRI~ D$;E$;“%1”; ‘Selectdownloadcharacter
1670l?3R1=1TO 5
1680LPRINTCHR$(60); ‘Printdownlmd character
1690NEXTI
1700LPRINTE$;“%0”; ‘Selectnormalcharacter
1710GCEuB2200
1720LPRIm C$;E$;“%1”:

‘Selectdownloadcharacter
1730FQR 1=1‘lU5
1740LPRINTCHR$(60); Printdownloadcharacter
1750NEXTI
1760LPRINTE$;“%0”

‘Selectnomal character
1770LPRI~ H$;C$;“Variousdot graphicdensities:“

DIM 1.030$(4)

1780

1790 RE31?3RE2390
1800 FUR ROW=l TO 4

FORCOL=lTO 65

1810

1820REAOIX
1830- (ROW)‘D30$(ROW)+CHR$(t13)
1840NEXTCOL
1850NEXT~
1860LPRINrm; “A’’;CHR$(8):

‘Set8/72”linespscing
1870FORROW=lTO 4
1880LPRINTH$;“ “:
1890RX?E=JOTO 4

IF 1940

1900

LPRI~ E$;

1910

LPRI~ CHR$(65);CHR$(0);KG0$(173W);

1920

LPRI~ “ “;

1930

NEXTB

1940

LPRI~

1950

mm

1960

LPRINT

1970

m mw==lm 4

1980

LPRIm I-l$;“ “:

1990

FcRB-5m 7

2000

LPRINTES:

2010

LPRI~

2020

L “

2030

NEXTB

2040

LPRI~

2050

“*’’;CHR.$(B);

“*’’;CHR$(B);

C ; ; ;

‘Select

‘

S dotgraphicsmode

dotgraphicsmode

2060

EN!mm; “@”

2070

m

2080

‘Initializeprinter
2090

‘ ~INES

2100

‘Definedraftdownloadcharacter

2110

LPRIm D$;E$;“&”;CHR$(0);CHR$(60);CHR$(60);

2120
2130

RE510RE2300
FORM=O~ 11

2140

READMt4

2150

LPRINTCHR$(MM);

2160

NIXTM

2170

84

2180
2190

‘DefineNLQdownloadcharacter

2200

LPRINTC$;E$;“&’’;CHR$(O);CHR$(60);CHR$(60);

2210

RHmRE 2330

2220

RX M=OTO 46

2230

FmDMM

2240

LPRI~ CHR$(MM);

2250

NEXTM

2260
2270
2280

‘DATA

2290

‘Draftdownload

2300

DATA139,124,0,

2310

characterdata

4, 64,36, 16, 2, 16,12, 0

66,
2320
2330

‘NI.Qdownloadcharacterdata

DATA128,14,16,38> 1, 70, 1, 70, 0,126s O, 0

2M0

DATA 70, 0, 38, 0, 22> 9, 6. 9, 6, 8> 6, 0

2350

DATA 28,32. 14,64,14. 0, 14, 0>124, 0, 0, 12

2360

DATA 64, 12,32,14,16,14, 0, 14, 0, 12, 0

2370

2380

‘Lbtgraphicsdata

2390

DATA O, 0, 0, 0, 1, 3, 7, 7, 7, 15/14,14

2400

DATA 14,14,14, 7, 7, 3, 3, 15,15,15> 0, 0

2410

DATA O, 0, 6, 7, 7. 7, 7. 7. 7. 7, 7. 6

2420

DATA 6. 0. 0, 7. 7, 7. 7. 7, 7. 7. 7s 7

2430

DATA 7, 7. 0, 0, 7. 7> 7, 7. 7, 7. 7. 7

2440

DATA 7, 7, 0, 0, 0

2450

DATA 0,

2460

DATA 7, 7, 3, 3,

2470

DATA O, 0, 0,

2480

DATA O, 0, 1,

2490

DATA O, 0, 0, 1,

2500

DATA O. 0, 0, 0, 0

2510

DATA

2520

2530

::~~~24>224.224.240,255r255t255,255,255,127,0, 0

2540

DATA 15,63,252,240,192,

2550

DATA

2560

DATA 0, 0, 0, 0, 0

2570

DATA 0,248,248,240,224,224,112.112,56,56,56,56

2580

DATA 56,120,120>240,X0,224,224,192,128,0, 0, 0

2590

DATA 0. 0, 0> 0, 0,

2600

DATA 192. 0, 0, 0, 0.

2610

DATA192, 0. 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0> 0, Or o> 0

2620

DATA O. 0, 0, 0, 0

2630

0, 60,255,255,255,255,255,143,15, 7, 7

3,131,193,241,240,240,0, 0
0,224,255,255>255,255,255,31, 0
3, 31,255,255,255,255,255,255>1

7, 31,255,252,240,192,128,O
o, 31,31. 3,129,128,192,192,192,192,192,224
0, 0, 0, 0,

0,192,255,255,255,255,255,15

0,240,255,255,255,255,255

7, 15,127,252,240,192,0, 0, 0, 0. 0, 0

0,128,248,248,248,248,240
0,240,248,248,248,248,240

85

p w

Thisprogrambeginsbyassigninganumberofprintercommandsto BASIC
stringvariables(lines1000to 1090).Youcanfindmostofthesecommands
nearthe beginningof chapter4.

TheWIDTH“LPT1 :“255statementinline1110meansintlnitelinewidth.

It preventstheIBM-PCfrominsertingunwantedcarriagereturnsandline
feedsin graphicsdata.

Actualprintingbeginsin line 1120.Usingthepreassignedcommands,the

programprintssamplesof its differentfonts,includinga line showingall

stylesin italics,followedbysamplesoftheprintpitches,thensomedouble

andquadruple-sizedprinting.
Next comes the centralattractionof the program:a line of text printed

fourteentimesinexpandingandcontractingloopstogiveabarreleffect.The
workisdonebyfourprintercommands:acommandsettingtherightmargin
(line14@);acenteringcommand(line1420);a commandto varythe line
spacing(lines 1440and 1490);and a commandto micro-adjustthespace
betweencharactm (lines1450and 15W).

Nexttheprogramreturnstonormalspacingandgivesademonstrationofthe
printer’swc)rd-processingabilities:boldprinting,underlining,subscripts,

etc.

Therowof automobilesin thenextprintedlineiscreatedby dGwrdoading
twonew characterpatterns,whichareprintedinplaceofthecharacter“<”

(character60).Detailscanbe fwnd in Chapter5.

The finalpart of theprogramusesdotgraphicsto print some“SW”IGgm
withvariousdensities.Thedotpatternofthelogowasoriginallylaidouton
graphpaper,thenconvertedtothe datainlines2400to 2630withthehelp
of a calculator.Eachnumber~presents eightverticaIdots.(See“Graphics
cGmmands”in Chapter4 for details.)

Thepatternisprintedinfourrows,eachrowiseightdotshigh and65dots
wide.Lines1800to 1850readthedotdataintoastringarrayvariablenamed
LOGO$.Line1860setstheline spacingtG8/72inchsothatthe rows will
connectvertically.Theloopinlines 1870tG1960dGestheprintinginfour
passesof theprinthead.

86

Fonts are:

;,l!...,.:<..,.;.
Courier characters,

SanSet -if characters,
ORATOR

(::/”’”1;::,/’”!(:{l.:::”!”:.(::!’”+:,

w l c c

a ITALICS fof-all ~’~:~:”;fc:.

Print pitches are:

Pica pitch,
Elite pitch,
Condensedpicap]tch,
Condensedel]tepltch,
and proportional spacing,

O

Expdncled..

Double-height,

Ihub 1e–s ized,

Q i .

Various 1i ne and charac<er spacings :

Other features :

Emphasized,
SUPER=CR1~~ and ~uB~C=l r_.*

Down1oacl characters :
Various dot graphic dens it ies :

Doubl e-strike, —-....—

;:,~:ii~:~:$~

~nder 1i n i nq,

$8

c 7

TROUBLESHOOTING

AND MAINTENANCE

Thefollowingsectionontroubleshootingandmaintenanceisintendedonly
as a brief guide. Rememberthat your printer is a highly sophisticated
electronicdevice,whichalsocontainshighvoltageinside.Forthatreason,
onlycarryoutthoseoperationsthatate describedin this chapter.

CAUTION: Anyattempttocarryoutoperationsotherthanthosedescribed

heremayresultinelectricshockand/ordamagetotheprinter.
Whencarryingoutanyrepairsormaintenance,alwaysfollow
the instructionscarefidly.

TROUBLESHOOTING

Yourprinteris a reliablepieceof precisionmachinery,which shouldnot
causeyouanytrouble,providedthatitisusedandtreatedsensibly.However,
if youdoexperienceaminorproblem,thefewtipsbelowshouldhelpyou
avoidhavingtomakeanunnecessaryservicecall.Thefollowingtablegives
youideason whereto look in thissectionif youexperienceproblems:

Region of fault Description
Power supply Power is not

Printing Theprinterdoesnotprin~orstopsprinting

Theprintisfaintoruneven
Dotsare

Whileusing application software, fonts orcharactm cannotbeprinted
The printout is not what is expected when running a program

Paper feeding Single sheets do not feed properly (without

Continuous pap& does not feed properly with the tractor feed
The ASF is not operating or is not feeding paper properly
Paper park(switching between continuous paper and cut she&a) is not

working properly
Text is being printed all on one line, or with extra blank lines

Page length and margin settings are not what is expected.

Remember-itisbetternotto attemptoperationsor~pairs aboveyourlevel
of competence.Otherwise,yourun the riskof damagingtheprinter.

beingsuppliedtotheprinter

missing in charactm or graphics

ASF)

89

P s

If the POWER indicatordoesnotilluminate,checkthefollowing:

Check
1

Is the power cable properly
plugged into the eledrical

1
(

outlet?.
1

Is power being supplied to
1

the outlet?

1

Is theprintervoltage correct?

Possible remedy
Turn off the printer, make certain that the power cable

is securely connected, andthen tumtheprinterback on.

Turn off the printer and unplug it- TV out another
appliance oftheoutletto determin
supplied to that outlet.

Check thebottom panel ofyourprinterto verify that the
outletvoltage corresponds tothevokagerequiredby the
printer. If theydonotmatch, DONOTW tooperate the
printer. Contact your supplier.

eifelectricity is being

P

If yourprinterdoesnotprint,or suddenlystopsprinting,checkthefollow­ing:

Check
Is the interface cable con-

nected securely?
Is the O indicator illu-

minated? line.
Is the indicator

flashing?

Is the paper caught up inter­nally?

Is the ribbon caught up Turnoff thepower, remove thenbbon, retension
around the print head? replace it. This problem occurs most frequently with a

Is the software you are using Check the installation settings inyour softwar% andre­properly installed for your install if necessary.
printer?

Can the printer perform self-

test operations? one of the buttons to perform a self-test. If these do not

Possible remedy

Check both ends of the cable - printer and computer to
make sure that the connector is firmly in position.

Ifit isno~ press the ON

If it is, the paper has run out. Load more paper.

Turn off the power, remove thejmedpaper, replace,
tumonthe@nter, andcontinueprinting. hIalcesurethat
the leading edge of the paper is smooth and uncreased.

LINEbuttontoset the printer on-

it,and

worn ribbom so you may need to replace the ribbon.

Turn the printer off, and turn it on again, holding down

work, contact your dealer.

9

If theprintis faint,or uneven,checkthe following:

Check
Is the ribbon properly in-

stalled?
Is the ribbon worn out? The ribbon has a long tife, but will eventually need re-

Possible remedy
Check and reinstall ifnecessaxy.

placing. Fit a new ribbon cartridge if necessary.

If dotsare missingintheprinting,checkthe following:

I Check

Are dots missing at random
in the printing?

Isa line of dots missing con-

sistentlythroughoutthe”
ptiting?

I Possible remedv

The ribbon has become slack causing it to get caught
up. Stop printing, remove the ribbon cartridge, reten-

sion and replace it.

The print head is darnaged. Stop printing, and contact
your supplier for a new print head

If your applicationsoftwarecannotprint the fontsor charactersselected,
checkthefollowing:

Check
Is your application software

properly installed?

Are fonts not being selected

properly?

Are characters other than
those expected being

primed?

Possible remedv

Check the software installation, andre-install the soft-

ware if necessary.

Check the software installatio~ and insert the com­mands necessary for font changes into the software.

Eitheryou areusing the wrong International Character
Set (reset with DIP switches or software commands),
or you have the wrong character set selected (for
example if characters other than IBM block graphic
characters are being printed). Correct this with DIP
switches or the appropriate software sequences.

If the printout is not whatis expected:

1 Check I Possible remedv

Is the printer installed cor­rectly?

I

Your software may think that it is driving a different
emulation to the one actually set. Check the DIP switch
settings to make sure you have the right emulation.

Usethe Hex Dumpmode to analyze the output from the
computer to the printer. This witt enable you to deter­mine that the right escape sequences, etc are being
mmsmitted.

91

P f

If cut sheetpaper (withoutthe ASF) is not feedingsmoothly,checkthe
following:

Check Possible remedy
Is the papa release leva

pushedback(toti ~ posi-

tion)?

Is the paper guide in plwe

and Veltical?
Are the left and right guidea If the left and right guides are too close together, the

too close together?

Is the ASF selected with the If it is, then deselect it.
DIP switch settings?

Are you hying to feed paper
using the front panel buttons
while the ON

LINEindicator

i illuminsled?

Is the DS- too thick?

. .

Iffanfold(continuous)paperisnotbeingfedcorrectlyusingthetractorfeed,
checkthefollowing:

Set the release lever to the * position.

The paper guide should be in place vertically for cut

sheets to feed smoothly.

p~willnot feed smoothly. Move them a little further

apart to allow the paper to feed freely.

You can only feed paper in this way wh~ the printer is
off-line. Set the printer off-line and then feed paper.

There are limits to the thickness ofpaper thatcsnbe fed

I

in this way. Try with thinner pa&r. -

Check
Is the paper release lever

pushed to the ~ position?
Is the paper guide in the ver-

tied position?
Are the holes on each side of

thepaper aligned withregard
to each other in the sprock-

e~?
Arethesprockets tooclosea

too far apart?

Are the sprockets locked in

position and the covers
closed?

Is the paper feeding freely

into the printer?

92

Possible remedy
Make sure the release lever is pushed to the ~ posi-

tion
When using the &actorfd thepaper guide should be

horizontal.
Ifthetwosidesof thepaperare out of alignmen~realign

them so that the sprocket holes match up.

Misalignment of the sprockets, making the paper too
loose or too tight+will prevent a smooth paper feed.

Correct this if necessary.

The paper should not be too far horn the printer (less
than 1 meter/3 feet), and there should be no cables or
other obstacles obstructing its path. The paper should

also be feeding straight into the printer, and an angled
feed may cause jams and blockages.