ST VNQ5050AK-E User Manual

VNQ5050AK-E

Quad channel high side driver with analog current sense for automotive applications

Features

Parameters	Symbol	Value
Max supply voltage	VCC	41	V
Operating voltage range	VCC	4.5 to	36 V
Max on-state resistance (per ch.)	RON	50 mΩ
Current limitation (typ)	ILIMH	19	A
Off-state supply current	I	2 µA(1)
	S

1. Typical value with all loads connected.

■General features:

–Inrush current active management by power limitation

–Very low standby current

–3.0V CMOS compatible input

–Optimized electromagnetic emission

–Very low electromagnetic susceptibility

–In compliance with the 2002/95/EC European directive

■Diagnostic functions:

–Proportional load current sense

–High current sense precision for wide current range

–Current sense disable

–Thermal shutdown indication

–Very low current sense leakage

■Protection:

–Undervoltage shutdown

–Overvoltage clamp

–Load current limitation

–Self limiting of fast thermal transients

–Protection against loss of ground and loss of VCC

–Thermal shutdown

Table 1. Device summary

PowerSSO-24

–Reverse battery protection (see Figure 25)

–Electrostatic discharge protection

Application

■All types of resistive, inductive and capacitive loads.

■Suitable as LED driver.

Description

The VNQ5050AK-E is a monolithic device made using STMicroelectronics VIPower M0-5 technology. It is intended for driving resistive or inductive loads with one side connected to ground. Active VCC pin voltage clamp protects the device against low energy spikes (see ISO7637 transient compatibility table).

This device integrates an analog current sense which delivers a current proportional to the load current (according to a known ratio) when CS_DIS is driven low or left open. When CS_DIS is driven high, the CURRENT SENSE pin is in a high impedance condition.

Output current limitation protects the device in overload condition. In case of long overload duration, the device limits the dissipated power to a safe level up to thermal shutdown intervention. Thermal shutdown with automatic restart allows the device to recover normal operation as soon as the fault condition disappears.

Package		Order codes
	Tube		Tape and Reel
PowerSSO-24	VNQ5050AK-E		VNQ5050AKTR-E
May 2009	Doc ID 13329 Rev 9	1/31
			www.st.com

Contents	VNQ5050AK-E

Contents

1	Block diagram and pin configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .		. 5
2	Electrical specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .		7
	2.1	Absolute maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	7
	2.2	Thermal data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	8
	2.3	Electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	9
	2.4	Electrical characteristics curves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	17
3	Application information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .		20
	3.1	GND protection network against reverse battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	20

3.1.1 Solution 1: resistor in the ground line (RGND only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

3.1.2Solution 2: a diode (DGND) in the ground line. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

3.2 Load dump protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 3.3 Microcontroller I/Os protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 3.4 Maximum demagnetization energy (VCC = 13.5V) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

4	Package and PC board thermal data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .		24
	4.1	PowerSSO-24 thermal data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	24
5	Package and packing information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .		27
	5.1	ECOPACK® packages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	27
	5.2	PowerSSO-24™ mechanical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	27
	5.3	Packing information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	29
6	Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .		30

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VNQ5050AK-E	List of tables

List of tables

Table 1. Device summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Table 2. Pin functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Table 3. Suggested connections for unused and not connected pins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Table 4. Absolute maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Table 5. Thermal data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Table 6. Power section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Table 7. Switching (VCC=13V) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Table 8. Current sense (8V<VCC<16V) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Table 9. Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Table 10. Logic input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Table 11. Truth table. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Table 12. Electrical transient requirements (part 1/3). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Table 13. Electrical transient requirements (part 2/3). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Table 14. Electrical transient requirements (part 3/3). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Table 15. Thermal parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Table 16. PowerSSO-24™ mechanical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Table 17. Document revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

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List of figures	VNQ5050AK-E

List of figures

Figure 1. Block diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Figure 2. Configuration diagram (top view) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Figure 3. Current and voltage conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Figure 4. Current sense delay characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Figure 5. Delay response time between rising edge of output current and rising edge of current sense

(CS enabled). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Figure 6. Switching characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Figure 7. IOUT/ISENSE vs IOUT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Figure 8. Maximum current sense ratio drift vs load current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Figure 9. Output voltage drop limitation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Figure 10. Off-state output current. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Figure 11. High level input current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Figure 12. Input clamp voltage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Figure 13. Input low level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Figure 14. Input high level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Figure 15. Input hysteresis voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Figure 16. On-state resistance vs Tcase. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Figure 17. On-state resistance vs VCC. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Figure 18. Undervoltage shutdown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Figure 19. Turn-on voltage slope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Figure 20. ILIMH vs Tcase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Figure 21. Turn-off voltage slope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Figure 22. CS_DIS high level voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Figure 23. CS_DIS clamp voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Figure 24. CS_DIS low level voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Figure 25. Application schematic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Figure 26. Waveforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Figure 27. Maximum turn-off current versus inductance (for each channel) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Figure 28. PowerSSO-24 PC board. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Figure 29. Rthj-amb vs PCB copper area in open box free air condition (one channel on). . . . . . . . . 24 Figure 30. PowerSSO-24 thermal impedance junction ambient single pulse (one channel on) . . . . . 25 Figure 31. Thermal fitting model of a double channel HSD in PowerSSO-24 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Figure 32. PowerSSO-24™ package dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Figure 33. PowerSSO-24 tube shipment (no suffix) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Figure 34. PowerSSO-24 tape and reel shipment (suffix “TR”) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

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VNQ5050AK-E	Block diagram and pin configuration

1 Block diagram and pin configuration

Figure 1. Block diagram

		VCC
VCC	UNDERVOLTAGE
CLAMP				OUTPUT1
GND	PwCLAMP 1			CURRENT
	DRIVER 1
			VCC	SENSE1
INPUT1	ILIM 1	INPUT2
			Control & Protection
LOGIC	VDSLIM 1	CURRENTSENSE2	Equivalent to	OUTPUT2
			channel1
INPUT2	OVERTEMP. 1			CURRENT
			VCC	SENSE2
INPUT3
	IOUT1	INPUT3
			Control & Protection
INPUT4	K 1	CURRENTSENSE3	Equivalent to	OUTPUT3
			channel1
			VCC	CURRENT
PwrLIM 1		INPUT4		SENSE3
			Control & Protection
		CURRENTSENSE4	Equivalent to	OUTPUT4
CS_DIS			channel1
				CURRENT
				SENSE4

Table 2.	Pin functions
Name		Function
VCC		Battery connection
OUTPUTn		Power output
GND		Ground connection. Must be reverse battery protected by an external
		diode/resistor network
INPUTn		Voltage controlled input pin with hysteresis, CMOS compatible. Controls
		output switch state
CURRENT SENSEn		Analog current sense pin, delivers a current proportional to the load current
CS_DIS		Active high CMOS compatible pin, to disable the current sense pin

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Block diagram and pin configuration

VNQ5050AK-E

Figure 2. Configuration diagram (top view)

VCC

OUTPUT1

GND

OUTPUT1

INPUT1

OUTPUT1

CURRENT SENSE1

OUTPUT2

INPUT2

OUTPUT2

CURRENT SENSE2

OUTPUT2

INPUT3

OUTPUT3

CURRENT SENSE3

OUTPUT3

INPUT4

OUTPUT3

CURRENT SENSE4

OUTPUT4

CS_DIS.

OUTPUT4

VCC

OUTPUT4

TAB = VCC

Table 3.	Suggested connections for unused and not connected pins
Connection/pin		Current sense	N.C.	Output	Input		CS_DIS
Floating		N.R.(1)	X	X	X		X
To ground		Through 1 kΩ	X	N.R.	Through 10 kΩ		Through 10 kΩ
		resistor			resistor		resistor

1. Not recommended.

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VNQ5050AK-E	Electrical specifications

2 Electrical specifications

Figure 3. Current and voltage conventions

		IS
	VCC	VFn	VCC
ICSD	OUTPUTn	IOUTn
CS_DIS			VOUTn
VCSD
IINn	CURRENT	ISENSEn
INPUTn		VSENSEn
VINn	SENSEn
	GND
	IGND

Note:

VFn = VOUTn - VCC during reverse battery condition.

2.1Absolute maximum ratings

Stress values that exceed those listed in the “Absolute maximum ratings” table can cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and operation of the device at these, or any other conditions greater than those, indicated in the operating sections of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. Refer also to the STMicroelectronics sure program and other relevant quality documents.

	Table 4.	Absolute maximum ratings
	Symbol	Parameter	Value	Unit
	VCC	DC supply voltage	41	V
	-VCC	Reverse DC supply voltage	0.3	V
	- IGND	DC reverse ground pin current	200	mA
	IOUT	DC output current	Internally limited	A
	- IOUT	Reverse DC output current	20	A
	IIN	DC input current	-1 to 10	mA
	ICSD	DC current sense disable input current	-1 to 10	mA
	-ICSENSE	DC reverse CS pin current	200	mA
	VCSENSE	Current sense maximum voltage	VCC-41	V
			+VCC	V
	EMAX	Maximum switching energy (single pulse)	104	mJ
		(L=3 mH; RL=0 Ω; Vbat=13.5 V; Tjstart=150 ºC; IOUT = IlimL(Typ.))

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Electrical specifications			VNQ5050AK-E
	Table 4.	Absolute maximum ratings (continued)
	Symbol	Parameter	Value	Unit
		Electrostatic discharge
		(human body model: R=1.5KΩ; C=100pF)
		– Input	4000	V
	VESD	– Current sense	2000	V
		– CS_DIS	4000	V
		– Output	5000	V
		– VCC	5000	V
	VESD	Charge device model (CDM-AEC-Q100-011)	750	V
	Tj	Junction operating temperature	-40 to 150	°C
	Tstg	Storage temperature	-55 to 150	°C

2.2Thermal data

Table 5.	Thermal data
Symbol	Parameter	Max value	Unit
Rthj-case	Thermal resistance junction-case (With one channel ON)	2.8	°C/W
Rthj-amb	Thermal resistance junction-ambient	See Figure 29	°C/W

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VNQ5050AK-E	Electrical specifications

2.3Electrical characteristics

Values specified in this section are for 8 V<VCC<36 V, -40 °C<Tj<150 °C, unless otherwise stated.

	Table 6.	Power section
	Symbol	Parameter		Test conditions	Min.	Typ.	Max.	Unit
	VCC	Operating supply voltage			4.5	13	36	V
	VUSD	Undervoltage shutdown			-	3.5	4.5	V
	VUSDhyst	Undervoltage shutdown			-	0.5	-	V
		hysteresis
				IOUT=2 A; Tj=25 °C			50	mΩ
	RON	On-state resistance		IOUT=2 A; Tj=150 °C	-	-	100	mΩ
				IOUT=2 A; VCC=5 V; Tj=25 °C			65	mΩ
	Vclamp	Clamp voltage		IS=20 mA	41	46	52	V
				Off-State; VCC=13 V; Tj=25 °C;		2(1)	5(1)	µA
	IS	Supply current		VIN=VOUT=VSENSE=VCSD=0 V	-
				On-State; VCC=13 V; VIN=5 V;		8	14	mA
				IOUT=0 A
				VIN=VOUT=0 V; VCC=13 V;	0	0.01	3
	IL(off)	Off-state output current(2)		Tj=25 °C				µA
				VIN=VOUT=0 V; VCC=13 V;
				Tj=125 °C	0		5
		Output - V	diode
	VF	voltage(2)	CC	-IOUT=2 A; Tj=150 °C	-	-	0.7	V

1.PowerMOS leakage included.

2.For each channel.

Table 7.	Switching (VCC=13V)
Symbol	Parameter		Test conditions		Min.	Typ.	Max.	Unit
td(on)	Turn-on delay time		RL= 6.5 Ω (see Figure 6)		-	20	-	µs
td(off)	Turn-off delay time		RL= 6.5 Ω (see Figure 6)		-	45	-	µs
(dVOUT/dt)on	Turn-on voltage slope		RL= 6.5	Ω	-	See	-	V/µs
						Figure 19
(dVOUT/dt)off	Turn-off voltage slope		RL= 6.5	Ω	-	See	-	V/µs
						Figure 21
WON	Switching energy		RL= 6.5	Ω (see Figure 6)	-	0.15	-	mJ
	losses during twon
WOFF	Switching energy		RL= 6.5	Ω (see Figure 6)	-	0.3	-	mJ
	losses during twoff

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Electrical specifications							VNQ5050AK-E
	Table 8.		Current sense (8V<VCC<16V)
	Symbol		Parameter		Test conditions	Min.	Typ.	Max.	Unit
				IOUT= 0.05 A;
	K0		IOUT/ISENSE	VSENSE= 0.5 V; VCSD=0 V;		1340	2420	3460
				Tj= -40 °C...150 °C
				IOUT= 1 A;
	K1		IOUT/ISENSE	VSENSE= 0.5 V; VCSD=0 V;
				Tj= -40 °C...150 °C		1370	1860	2510
				Tj= 25 °C...150 °C		1510	1860	2210
		(1)		IOUT= 1 A; VSENSE= 0.5 V;
	dK /K		Current sense ratio drift	V	= 0 V;	-10	-	10	%
	1	1			CSD
				TJ= -40 °C to 150 °C
				IOUT= 2 A;
	K2		IOUT/ISENSE	VSENSE= 4 V; VCSD= 0 V;
				Tj= -40 °C...150 °C		1590	1760	2140
				Tj= 25 °C...150 °C		1600	1760	1930
		(1)		IOUT= 2 A; VSENSE= 4 V;
	dK /K		Current sense ratio drift	V	= 0 V;	-8	-	8	%
	2	2			CSD
				TJ= -40 °C to 150 °C
				IOUT= 4 A;
	K3		IOUT/ISENSE	VSENSE= 4 V; VCSD= 0 V;
				Tj= -40 °C...150 °C		1650	1740	1950	-
				Tj= 25 °C...150 °C		1650	1740	1830
		(1)		IOUT= 4 A; VSENSE= 4 V;
	dK /K		Current sense ratio drift	V	= 0 V;	-5	-	5	%
	3	3			CSD
				TJ= -40 °C to 150 °C
				IOUT= 0 A; VSENSE= 0 V;
				VCSD= 5 V; VIN= 0 V;
				Tj= -40 °C...150 °C		0	-	1	µA
	ISENSE0		Analog sense leakage	VCSD= 0 V; VIN= 5 V;
			current	Tj= -40 °C...150 °C		0	-	2	µA
				IOUT= 2 A; VSENSE= 0 V;
				VCSD= 5 V; VIN= 5 V;
				Tj= -40 °C...150 °C		0	-	1	µA
			Openload ON state
	IOL		current detection	VIN = 5 V, ISENSE= 5 µA		4	-	20	mA
			threshold
	VSENSE		Max analog sense	IOUT= 4 A; VCSD= 0 V		5	-	-	V
			output voltage
			Analog sense output	VCC= 13 V; RSENSE= 10 KΩ
	VSENSEH		voltage in over			-	9	-	V
			temperature condition

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