ST VNH3ASP30-E User Manual

VNH3ASP30-E

Automotive fully integrated H-bridge motor driver

Features

	Type	RDS(on)	Iout	Vccmax
	VNH3ASP30-E	42mΩ max	30A	41V
		(per leg)

■5V logic level compatible inputs

■Undervoltage and overvoltage shutdown

■Overvoltage clamp

■Thermal shut down

■Cross-conduction protection

■Linear current limiter

■Very low standby power consumption

■PWM operation up to 20 kHz

■Protection against loss of ground and loss of VCC

■Current-sense output proportional to motor current

■Package: ECOPACK®

Description

The VNH3ASP30-E is a full-bridge motor driver intended for a wide range of automotive applications. The device incorporates a dual monolithic high-side driver (HSD) and two lowside switches. The HSD switch is designed using STMicroelectronics proprietary VIPower™ M0 technology that efficiently integrates a true Power MOSFET with an intelligent signal/protection circuit on the same die.

Table 1. Device summary

MultiPowerSO-30™

The low-side switches are vertical MOSFETs manufactured using STMicroelectronics proprietary EHD (“STripFET™”) process.The three circuits are assembled in a MultiPowerSO30 package on electrically isolated lead frames. This package, specifically designed for the harsh automotive environment, offers improved thermal performance thanks to exposed die pads. Moreover, its fully symmetrical mechanical design provides superior manufacturability at board level. The input signals INA and INB can directly interface with the microcontroller to select the motor direction and the brake condition. Pins DIAGA/ENA or DIAGB/ENB, when connected to an external pull-up resistor, enable one leg of the bridge. They also provide a feedback digital diagnostic signal. The normal condition operation is explained in Table 12: Truth table in normal operating conditions on page 14. The CS pin monitors the motor current by delivering a current proportional to its value. The speed of the motor can be controlled in all possible conditions by the PWM up to 20 kHz. In all cases, a low level state on the PWM pin will turn off both the LSA and LSB switches. When PWM rises to a high level, LSA or LSB turn on again depending on the input pin state.

Package		Order codes
	Tube		Tape & reel
MultiPowerSO-30	VNH3ASP30-E		VNH3ASP30TR-E
February 2008	Rev 5	1/33
			www.st.com

Contents	VNH3ASP30-E

Contents

1	Block diagram and pin description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .		. 5
2	Electrical specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .		8
	2.1	Absolute maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	8
	2.2	Electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	9
	2.3	Electrical characteristics curves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	16
3	Application information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .		20
	3.1	Reverse battery protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	21
4	Package and PCB thermal data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .		25
	4.1	MultiPowerSO-30 thermal data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	25

4.1.1Thermal calculation in clockwise and anti-clockwise operation in Steadystate mode 26

4.1.2Thermal resistances definition (values according to the PCB heatsink area) 26

4.1.3 Thermal calculation in Transient mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

4.1.4Single pulse thermal impedance definition (values according to the PCB heatsink area) 26

5	Package and packing information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .		29
	5.1	ECOPACK® packages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	29
	5.2	MultiPowerSO-30 package mechanical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	29
	5.3	Packing information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	31
6	Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .		32

2/33

VNH3ASP30-E	List of tables

List of tables

Table 1. Device summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Table 2. Block description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Table 3. Pin definitions and functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Table 4. Pin functions description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Table 5. Absolute maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Table 6. Power section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Table 7. Logic inputs (INA, INB, ENA, ENB) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Table 8. PWM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Table 9. Switching (VCC = 13V, RLOAD = 1 Ω ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Table 10. Protection and diagnostic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Table 11. Current sense (9V < VCC < 16V) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Table 12. Truth table in normal operating conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Table 13. Truth table in fault conditions (detected on OUTA). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Table 14. Electrical transient requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Table 15. Thermal calculation in clockwise and anti-clockwise operation in Steady-state mode . . . . 26 Table 16. Thermal parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Table 17. MultiPowerSO-30 mechanical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Table 18. Document revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

3/33

List of figures	VNH3ASP30-E

List of figures

Figure 1.	Block diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	. . . . . 5
Figure 2.	Configuration diagram (top view) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	. . . . 6
Figure 3.	Current and voltage conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	. . . . 8
Figure 4.	Definition of the delay times measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	. . . 11
Figure 5.	Definition of the low-side switching times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	. . . 12
Figure 6.	Definition of the high-side switching times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	. . . 12
Figure 7.	Definition of dynamic cross conduction current during a PWM operation. . . . . . . . . . .	. . . 13
Figure 8.	On state supply current. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	. . . 16
Figure 9.	Off state supply current. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	. . . 16
Figure 10.	High-level input current. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	. . . 16
Figure 11.	Input clamp voltage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	. . . 16
Figure 12.	Input high-level voltage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	. . . 16
Figure 13.	Input low-level voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	. . . 16
Figure 14.	Input hysteresis voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	. . . 17
Figure 15.	High-level enable pin current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	. . . 17
Figure 16.	Delay time during change of operation mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	. . . 17
Figure 17.	Enable clamp voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	. . . 17
Figure 18.	High-level enable voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	. . . 17
Figure 19.	Low-level enable voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	. . . 17
Figure 20.	PWM high-level voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	. . . 18
Figure 21.	PWM low-level voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	. . . 18
Figure 22.	PWM high-level current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	. . . 18
Figure 23.	Overvoltage shutdown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	. . . 18
Figure 24.	Undervoltage shutdown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	. . . 18
Figure 25.	Current limitation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	. . . 18
Figure 26.	On state high-side resistance vs Tcase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	. . . 19
Figure 27.	On state low-side resistance vs Tcase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	. . . 19
Figure 28.	On state high-side resistance vs VCC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	. . . 19
Figure 29.	On state low-side resistance vs VCC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	. . . 19
Figure 30.	Output voltage rise time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	. . . 19
Figure 31.	Output voltage fall time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	. . . 19
Figure 32.	Typical application circuit for DC to 20 kHz PWM operation short circuit protection	. . . . 20
Figure 33.	Half-bridge configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	. . . 21
Figure 34.	Multi-motors configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	. . . 22
Figure 35.	Waveforms in full-bridge operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	. . . 23
Figure 36.	Waveforms in full-bridge operation (continued ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	. . . 24
Figure 37.	MultiPowerSO-30™ PC board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	. . . 25
Figure 38.	Chipset configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	. . . 25
Figure 39.	Auto and mutual RthJA vs PCB copper area in open box free air condition. . . . . . . . .	. . . 25
Figure 40.	MultiPowerSO-30 HSD thermal impedance junction ambient single pulse . . . . . . . . .	. . . 27
Figure 41.	MultiPowerSO-30 LSD thermal impedance junction ambient single pulse. . . . . . . . . .	. . . 27
Figure 42.	Thermal fitting model of an H-bridge in MultiPowerSO-30 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	. . . 28
Figure 43.	MultiPowerSO-30 package outline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	. . . 29
Figure 44.	MultiPowerSO-30 suggested pad layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	. . . 30
Figure 45.	MultiPowerSO-30 tube shipment (no suffix) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	. . . 31
Figure 46.	MultiPowerSO-30 tape and reel shipment (suffix “TR”) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	. . . 31

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VNH3ASP30-E	Block diagram and pin description

1 Block diagram and pin description

Figure 1. Block diagram

		VCC
	OVERTEMPERATURE A	OV + UV		OVERTEMPERATURE B
CLAMP HSA				CLAMP HSB
HSA	DRIVER	LOGIC		DRIVER	HSB
	HSA			HSB
	CURRENT			CURRENT
	LIMITATION A			LIMITATION B
OUTA	1/K			1/K	OUTB
CLAMP LSA				CLAMP LSB
LSA	DRIVER			DRIVER	LSB
	LSA			LSB
GND	DIAGA/ENA INA	CS	PWM	INB DIAGB/ENB	GND
A					B

	Table 2.	Block description
	Name		Description
	Logic control		Allows the turn-on and the turn-off of the high-side and the low-side switches
			according to the truth table
	Overvoltage +		Shuts down the device outside the range [5.5V..16V] for the battery voltage
	undervoltage
	High-side and low-		Protect the high-side and the low-side switches from the high voltage on the
	side clamp voltage		battery line in all configurations for the motor
	High-side and low-		Drives the gate of the concerned switch to allow a good RDS(on) for the leg of
	side driver		the bridge
	Linear current limiter		Limits the motor current by reducing the high-side switch gate source voltage
			when short-circuit to ground occurs
	Overtemperature		In case of short-circuit with the increase of the junction’s temperature, shuts
	protection		down the concerned high side to prevent its degradation and to protect the die
	Fault detection		Signals an abnormal behavior of the switches in the half-bridge A or B by
			pulling low the concerned ENx/DIAGx pin

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Block diagram and pin description	VNH3ASP30-E
Figure 2. Configuration diagram (top view)

	OUTA	1	30	OUTA
	Nc		OUTA	Nc
	VCC			GNDA
			Heat Slug3
	Nc			GNDA
	INA			GNDA
ENA/DIAGA				OUTA
	Nc	VCC		Nc
	PWM			VCC
		Heat Slug1
	CS			Nc
EN	/DIAG			OUTB
B	B
	INB		OUTB	GNDB
	Nc			GND
			Heat Slug2	B
	VCC			GNDB
	Nc			Nc
	OUTB	15	16	OUTB

Table 3.	Pin definitions and functions
Pin No.		Symbol	Function
1, 25, 30		OUTA, Heat Slug3	Source of high-side switch A / Drain of low-side switch A
2, 4, 7, 12, 14,		NC	Not connected
17, 22, 24, 29
3, 13, 23		VCC, Heat Slug1	Drain of high-side switches and power supply voltage
5		INA	Clockwise input
6		ENA/DIAGA	Status of high-side and low-side switches A; open drain output
8		PWM	PWM input
9		CS	Output of current sense
10		ENB/DIAGB	Status of high-side and low-side switches B; open drain output
11		INB	Counter clockwise input
15, 16, 21		OUTB, Heat Slug2	Source of high-side switch B / Drain of low-side switch B
26, 27, 28		GND	Source of low-side switch A(1)
		A
18, 19, 20		GNDB	Source of low-side switch B(1)

1. GNDA and GNDB must be externally connected together.

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VNH3ASP30-E			Block diagram and pin description
	Table 4.	Pin functions description
	Name		Description
	VCC		Battery connection
	GNDA, GNDB		Power grounds; must always be externally connected together
	OUTA, OUTB		Power connections to the motor
			Voltage controlled input pins with hysteresis, CMOS compatible: These two pins
	INA, INB		control the state of the bridge in normal operation according to the truth table (brake
			to VCC, brake to GND, clockwise and counterclockwise).
			Voltage controlled input pin with hysteresis, CMOS compatible: Gates of low-side
	PWM		FETs are modulated by the PWM signal during their ON phase allowing speed
			control of the motor.
			Open drain bidirectional logic pins. These pins must be connected to an external pull
	ENA/DIAGA,		up resistor. When externally pulled low, they disable half-bridge A or B. In case of
			fault detection (thermal shutdown of a high-side FET or excessive ON state voltage
	ENB/DIAGB		drop across a low-side FET), these pins are pulled low by the device (see truth table
			in fault condition).
			Analog current-sense output. This output sources a current proportional to the motor
	CS		current. The information can be read back as an analog voltage across an external
			resistor.

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Electrical specifications	VNH3ASP30-E

2 Electrical specifications

Figure 3. Current and voltage conventions

				IS
	IINA				VCC
		VCC			IOUTA
	INA		OUTA
	IINB				IOUTB
	INB		OUT
	IENA		B	ISENSE	VOUTA
			CS
	DIAGA/ENA
	IENB			VSENSE	VOUTB
VINA	DIAGB/ENB	GNDA	GNDB
	PWM
VINB	Ipw
	VENA		GND
	VENB		IGND
	Vpw

2.1Absolute maximum ratings

	Table 5.	Absolute maximum ratings
	Symbol	Parameter	Value	Unit
	VCC	Supply voltage	+41	V
	Imax	Maximum output current (continuous)	30	A
	IR	Reverse output current (continuous)	-30
	IIN	Input current (INA and INB pins)	±10
	IEN	Enable input current (DIAGA/ENA and DIAGB/ENB pins)	±10	mA
	IPW	PWM input current	±10
	VCS	Current-sense maximum voltage	-3/+15	V
		Electrostatic discharge (R = 1.5kΩ, C = 100pF)
	VESD	– CS pin	2	kV
		– logic pins	4	kV
		– output pins: OUTA, OUTB, VCC	5	kV
	TJ	Junction operating temperature	Internally limited
	TC	Case operating temperature	-40 to 150	°C
	Tstg	Storage temperature	-55 to 150

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VNH3ASP30-E	Electrical specifications

2.2Electrical characteristics

VCC = 9V up to 16 V; -40°C < TJ < 150°C, unless otherwise specified.

Table 6.	Power section
Symbol	Parameter			Test conditions	Min	Typ	Max	Unit
VCC	Operating supply				5.5		16	V
	voltage
		Off state:
		INA = INB = PWM = 0; TJ = 25°C; VCC = 13V				12	30	µA
I	Supply current	INA = INB = PWM = 0;					60	µA
S
		On state:
		INA or INB = 5V, no PWM					10	mA
RONHS	Static high-side	IOUT = 12A; TJ = 25°C					30	mΩ
	resistance	IOUT = 12A; TJ = -40 to 150°C					60
RONLS	Static low-side	IOUT = 12A TJ = 25°C					12	mΩ
	resistance	IOUT = 12A; TJ = -40 to 150°C					24
	High-side
Vf	freewheeling diode	If	= 12A			0.8	1.1	V
	forward voltage
IL(off)	High-side off-state	TJ = 25°C; VOUTX = ENX = 0V; VCC = 13V					3
	output current							µA
		TJ = 125°C; VOUTX = ENX = 0V; VCC = 13V					5
	(per channel)
IRM	Dynamic cross-	IOUT = 12A (see Figure 7)				1.7		A
	conduction current
Table 7.	Logic inputs (INA, INB, ENA, ENB)
Symbol	Parameter			Test conditions	Min	Typ	Max	Unit
VIL	Input low-level voltage			Normal operation (DIAGX/ENX pin acts			1.25
VIH	Input high-level voltage				3.25
				as an input pin)
VIhys	Input hysteresis voltage				0.5			V
VICL	Input clamp voltage			IIN = 1mA	5.5	6.3	7.5
				IIN = -1mA	-1.0	-0.7	-0.3
IINL	Input low current			VIN = 1.25 V	1			µA
IINH	Input high current			VIN = 3.25V			10
VDIAG	Enable output low-level			Fault operation (DIAGX/ENX pin acts as			0.4	V
	voltage			an output pin); IEN = 1mA

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Electrical specifications

VNH3ASP30-E

Table 8.

PWM

Symbol

Parameter

Test conditions

Min

Typ

Max

Unit

VPWL

PWM low-level voltage

1.25

V

IPWL

PWM low-level pin

Vpw = 1.25 V

1

µA

current

VPWH

PWM high-level voltage

3.25

V

IPWH

PWM high-level pin

Vpw = 3.25V

10

µA

current

VPWhys

PWM hysteresis voltage

0.5

VPWCL

PWM clamp voltage

Ipw = 1mA

VCC + 0.3

VCC + 0.7

VCC + 1.0

V

Ipw = -1mA

-6.0

-4.5

-3.0

CINPW

PWM pin input

VIN = 2.5V

25

pF

capacitance

Table 9.

Switching (VCC = 13V, RLOAD = 1 Ω )

Symbol

Parameter

Test conditions

Min

Typ

Max

Unit

fPW

PWM frequency

0

20

kHz

td(on)

Turn-on delay time

Input rise time < 1µs

250

(see Figure 6)

td(off)

Turn-off delay time

Input rise time < 1µs

250

(see Figure 6)

µs

tr

Rise time

(see Figure 5)

1

1.6

tf

Fall time

(see Figure 5)

1

2.4

tDEL

Delay time during change

(see Figure 4)

300

600

1800

of operating mode

High-side freewheeling

trr

diode reverse recovery

(see Figure 7)

110

ns

time

Table 10.

Protection and diagnostic

Symbol

Parameter

Test conditions

Min

Typ

Max

Unit

VUV(sd)

Undervoltage shutdown

5.5

VUV(reset)

Undervoltage reset

4.7

V

VOV(sd)

Overvoltage shutdown

16

19

22

ILIM

High-side current limitation

30

50

70

A

VCLP

Total clamp voltage (VCC to GND)

IOUT = 12A

43

48

54

V

Tth(sd)

Thermal shutdown temperature

VIN = 3.25V

150

175

200

Th(reset)

Thermal reset temperature

135

°C

Tth(hys)

Thermal hysteresis

7

15

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