ST USB Power Delivery User Manual

USB Power Delivery and Type-C

Overview
Product Portfolio Solution
Architecture

USB Type-C Overview

USB Power Delivery specification introduces USB Type-C receptacle, plug and cable; they provide a smaller, thinner and more robust alternativ e to existing USB interconnect. Main features are:
Enable new and exciting host and device form-factors where size, industrial design and style are
Work seamlessly with existing USB host and device silicon solutions
Enhance ease of use for connecting USB devices with a focus on minimizing user confusion for
plug and cable orientation

USB Type-C Overview

Type-C Features
Enable new and exciting host and device form-factors where size, industrial design and style are important parameters
Work seamlessly with existing USB host and device silicon solutions
Enhance ease of use for connecting USB devices with a focus on minimizing user confusion for plug and cable orientation
Simple Power Delivery implementation (BMC)
Mode of Operation
USB 2.0 5 V 500 mA USB 3.1 5 V 900 mA USB BC 1.2 5 V Up to 1.5 A Legacy charging
USB Type-C @ 1.5 A 5 V 1.5 A Supports high power devices USB Type-C @ 3.0 A 5 V 3 A Supports higher power devices
USB PD
Nominal
Voltage
Configurable up to 20 V
Maximum
Current
Configurable up to 5 A
Notes
Default current, based on definitions in the base specifications
Directional control and power level management

The Re-Evolution of USB

USB has evolved fr om a data interface capable of suppl ying limited power
to a primary provider of power with a data interface
Power Delivery
Type-C
Alternate Mode
USB IF
More Power with USB Power Delivery (100W)
More Flexibility with a new reversible USB-C connector
More Protocols (Display Port, HDMI, VGA, Ethernet…)
More Speed with USB 3.1 (10 Gbit/s)

USB PD Power Profiles

as of today …. per USB PD release 2.0

USB PD New Profiles proposal

Type-C Pin Outs Functions
Receptacle
High Speed Data Path
(RX for USB 3.1, or reconfigured
in Alternate Mode)
A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 A9 A10 A12 A12
GND
GND
B12 B11 B10 B9 B8 B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1
Secondary
TX1+ TX1- V
RX1+ RX1- V
Cable Bus
BUS
BUS
CC1 D+ D- SBU1 V
SBU2 D- D+ CC2 V
USB 2.0
Interface
Cable
High Speed Data Path
(TX for USB 3.1, or reconfigured
in Alternate Mode)
BUS
BUS
RX2- RX2+
TX2- TX2+
GND
GND
Configuration Channel
Bus
Power
Ground
Two pins on the USB Type-C receptacle, CC1 and CC2,
are used in the discovery, configuration and management
of connections across USB type-C cable
Type-C Pin Outs Functions
Plug
High Speed Data Path
(RX for USB 3.1, or reconfigured
in Alternate Mode)
A12 A11 A10 A9 A8 A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1
GND
GND
B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7 B8 B9 B10 B11 B12
Secondary
RX2+ RX2- V
TX2+ TX2- V
Cable Bus
BUS
BUS
SBU1 D- D+ CC V
V
CONN
USB 2.0
Interface
SBU2 V
Cable
High Speed Data Path
(TX for USB 3.1, or reconfigured
in Alternate Mode)
BUS
BUS
TX1- TX1+
RX1- RX1+
GND
GND
Configuration Channel
Bus
Power
Ground
On a standard USB Type-C cable, only a single CC wire within each plug is
connected through the cable to establish signal orientation
The other CC pin is repurposed as V
CONN
for powering electronics
Also, only one set of USB 2.0 D+/D- wires are i mplemented

Architecture

Architecture and key words
Provider
Source port
Cable
Detection
USB Port
T ype A/B Plug
identification
Device Policy Manager
Policy Engine
Protocol Layer
Physical Layer
BFSKBMC
CC
(Type-C only)
VBUS
Power
Source(s)
V
BUS
Power
Sink
VBUS
Device Policy Manager
Policy Engine
Protocol Layer
Physical Layer
BFSK BMC
CC
(Type-C only)
Consumer
Sink
port
Cable
Detection
USB Port
T ype A/B Plug
identification
CC
Communication acr oss the channel uses BiphaseMark Coding (BMC) over CC in Type C connector

USB Type-C CC Connections

DFP -
Source
Connection
Detection
and muxes
control
4 possible CC
configurations
UFP - Sink
Connection
Detection
Detect attach/detach of USB ports, e.g. a DF P to a UFP
Resolve cable orientation and twist connections to establish USB data bus routing
Establish DFP and UFP roles between two attached ports
Discover and configure VBUS
USB Power Delivery Communication

USB PD Stack & Policy

Policies
System Policy Manager (system wide) is optional. It monitors and controls System Policy between various Providers and Consumers connected via USB.
Device Policy Manager (one per Provider or Consumer) provides mechanisms to monitor and control the USB-PD within a particular Provider or Consumer. It enables local policies to be enforced across the system by communication with the System Policy Manager.
Policy Engine (one per Source or Sink Port) interacts directly with the Device Policy Manager in order to determine the present local policy to be enforced.
USB Host
System Policy
Manager
USB hub tree
(optional)
USB PD device
USB interface
(optional)
Device Policy
Manager
Policy Engine
Protocol Layer
Physical Layer
Protocol Layer
The Protocol Layer forms the messages used to communicate information between a pair of ports. It receives inputs from the Policy Engine indicating which messages to send and indicates the responses back to the Policy Engine
Physical Layer
It is responsible for sending and receiving messages across either the V wire. It consists o f a transce i v er th at superimposes a signal (BFSK on V BMC on CC) on the wire.
It is responsible for managing data on the wire and for collision avoidance and detects errors in the messages using a CRC
BUS
or CC
BUS
or
V
BUS
/ CC

Product Portfolio

A complete offer to “lean in” USB PD Ecosystem
SuperSpeed
Switch
Host, USB
3.1
Controller
Access Point
(optional)
USB Power Delivery
Controller
Power Management
PHY - Type-C
interface
Protections
Type-C
connector
Power Source Building Blocks
High V oltage Low Voltage
Profile 1-2-3
Flyback
Controller:
STCH02
Power
MOSFET
main
transformer
pulse
transformer
optocoupler
communication
It covers profile 1-2-3 from 5W to 45W
High Efficiency
Low EMI design: intelligent Jitter for EMI suppression
Rectifier
CC/CV SEA01
Feedback
Network
Selection
USB PD
Interface IC
Multi Port case:
Post regulation
for each port
DC/DC
USB PD
Post
Interface IC
regulation
STCH02
Primary Side Controller: Adapters up to 45W
Features
• Proprietary Constant current output regulation (CC) with no opto-coupler
• 700V embedded HV start-up circuit
• Quasi-resonant (QR) Zero Voltage Sw itching (ZVS) operation
• Valley skipping at medium-light load and advanced burst mode operation at no-load for under 10mW consumption
• Accurate adjustable output OVP
Benefits
SO8
• Low part count. BOM reduction thanks to an extensive features integration
• Exceeding 5 stars: No-Load power < 10mW
• HV start-up zero power consumption
• Advanced burst-mode operati on
• Flexibility: suitable for adapters from 5W to 40W
• High Efficiency
• Low EMI design: intelligent jitter for EMI suppression
Profile 4, 5
Power Source Building Blocks
High V oltage
PFC
L6563H
LLC
L6699
Power
MOSFET
PFC-LLC
main
transformer
optocoupler
Low Voltage
Synchrounous
Rectification
SRK2001
Power MOSFET
CC/CV SEA01
Post Regulation
DC/DC
Post regulation
USB PD
Interface IC
1 per port
Integrated
New
solution
STCMB1
Transition Mode PFC controller
Features
• 700V High Voltage Start-up circuit
• Fast bidirectional input voltage feedforward
• Adjustable OVP
• AC Brownout Detection
• Tracking boost function
• Inductor saturation protection
• Proprietary THD optimizer circuit
• Interface for cascaded converters
• -600mA/+800mA gate driver
L6563H
Datasheet : available on www.st.com
SO16
• Low steady state ripple and current distortion with limited undershoot or overshoot of the pre­regulator’s output thanks to new input voltage feed-forward implementation
• Reduced THD of the current
• High reliability thanks to a full set of protections
• HV start-up significantly reduces consumption compared to standard discrete circuit solutions
• Facilitated cooperation with cascaded DC-DC converter thanks to several power management & housekeeping functions
L6699
High power adapters 90W to 250W
Series-resonant half-bridge topology
Datasheet : available on www.st.com
Features
• Self adjusting adaptive dead time
• Anti-capacitive mode protection
• Two-level OCP
• Frequency shift
• Immediate shutdown
• Safe-start procedure
• Burst-mode operation at light load
• Brown-out protection
• Interface with PFC controller
Benefits
• High efficiency:
• Reduced internal consump tion (Iq=1mA)
• Adaptive dead time allows design optimizat ion to achieve ZVS with lower magnetizing current
SO16N
• Improved reliability and lifetime thanks to anti­capacitive protection and smooth start-up circuit
• Reduced audible noise when entering burst­mode operation thanks to smooth restart feature
USB-PD
Power MOSFET product families
800V-1500V
K5
Flyback
600V-650V
M2
Price/Performance Premium efficiency
Flyback/PFC/LLC
M6
40-120V
F7
Synch Rec
Flyback Architecture

VHV PowerMOSFETs

Features
Outstanding Form Factor
STL8N80
800V, 950mOhm, 13nC PowerFLAT5x6
Unmatched R
800-950V-1050V
Ultra-Low Q
Extremely low thermal resistance
High quality & reliability
Lower on-state conduction losses
Best switching losses
High efficiency with lower design complexity
Ultra small Form factor
Part Number B
at very high BVDSS
DS(on)
and high switching speed
G
Benefits
Product range example
VDss
R
DS(on)
I
D
STB13N80K5 800V 0.45Ω 12A
STD8N80K5 800V 0.95Ω 6A
STD9N80K5 800V 0.90Ω 7A
Power MOSFET
PFC & LLC Architecture
Features
Product range example
PFC V
STF24N60M2 600V 0.190Ω 18A
STF25N60M2-EP 600V 0.188Ω 18A
STF20N60M2-EP 600V 0.278Ω 13A
LLC V
STF9N60M2 600V 0.750Ω 5.5A
STF15N60M2-EP 600V 0.378Ω 11A
STFI11N60M2-EP (e.s.available)
LLC V
DSS
DSS
600V 0.595Ω 8.0A
DSS
R
DS(on)
R
DS(on)
R
DS(on)
Up to 30% lower Q
(equivalent die size)
400 – 700V BV
DSS
vs main competition
G
rated
Back-to-Back G-S Zener protected
I
D
Benefits
PFC
Performance
I
D
Reduced switching losses
Enhanced immunity vs ESD & Vgs spikes
Technologies dedicated to specific topology
Product range example
LLC
Performance
I
D
STL24N60
600V, 210mΩ, 28nC PowerFLAT8x8
STF9N60M6 600V 0.750Ω
STF10N60M6 600V 0.600Ω
STF13N60M6 600V 0.380Ω
ES April ‘16
ES April ‘16
ES April ‘16
LLC
Premium
Power MOSFETs
Synchronous Rectification
Features
Part Number Voltage Ron Current
STL260N4LF7 40V <1.1mΩ 5.5A
STL200N45LF7 40V <1.8mΩ 11A
Very low R
Proper C
Low V
LL Vth
OSS
and QRRwith soft recovery body-drain diode
SD
DS(on)
;
;
Benefits
Efficiency improvement due low conduction losses and
to static and dynamic diode ones, minimized switching noise and Vds spike at turn OFF
Easy driving features
Protections
ESD/CMF/ECMF
High flexibility for the Designers needs to find best compatibilities
• Robustness: Surge capability up to 25kV and low clamping
ESD Protection
ESD + CMF
ECMF = ESD + CMF integrated
• Flexibility & Integration: Single or multi lines products
• Transparency : High bandwidth for high speed signals
• High quality of protection
• Unique filtering shape capabilities
• Serial Interface: U SB2.0/3.0 , MIPI,D P, HDMI
• Filters radiated noise and limits antenna de-sense.
High quality of protection
High integration: 1mm2 / 2 differentia l lines
• Serial Interface: U SB2.0/3.0 , MIPI,D P, HDMI
• Filters radiated noise and limits antenna de-sense

Controller & Interface

Value proposit ion: offer flexible and scalable solutions for
designers
USB PD Controller
MCU Based
STM32
• FW USB PD Stack
• Adaptability versus USB PD specification new release
• PHY-Type-C interface companion chip
• Market proven solution
PHY -Type-C Inter face
STUSB16
• Dual Role Ty pe-C Interface with BMC
• Dual role capability
• Configurable start-up profiles
• Interface with external MCU
2
through I
• Accessory support
C
USB PD Hard Coded
Controller
STUSB4x
• HW USB PD Stack
• Flexible HW-SW partitioning
• Autorun or Micro based
• Easy Dead Battery Support
• P2P with PHY-Type-C interface
MCU Overview:
STM32F0 HW resources
Transmission uses : TIM14, SPI1, DMA, GPIO
Reception uses : TIM3, DMA, 1 comparator
TIM2 is used to time-schedule tasks
Embedded ADC to detect device on the CC bus
and perform power measurements
CRC to evaluate message’s CRC
Standard GP I/Os to control Vconn, Load switch,
Vbus discharge switch, Vout selection (primary feedback…
Project Flash Memory RAM Memory
Provider only 25.5 kB 4.4 kB Provider only (RTOS) 29.0 k B 7.3 kB
Provider/Consumer DRP (RTOS)
30.2 kB 7.3 kB
USB-PD Interface:
STUSB16xx
Features
• Dual Role T ype-C Interface w ith BMC
• Dual role capability
• Configurable star t-up profiles
• 600mA VCONN
• 120uA Idle current measured
• Interface with external M CU through I² C+I nterrupt
QFN-24 (4x4 mm)
Pin to pin compatibl e with STUSBxx family
https://www.st.com/usb-type-c
CSP
• Integrated V oltag e monitoring
• Integrated V
• Accessory support
• Dual Power supply:
• V
SYS =
• VDD[4.6V; 22V] (from V
discharge path
BUS
3.3V,
BUS
)
Benefits
• Low Pin count
• Integrated BMC transceiver
• Simple, Robust
• Configurable, Flexible
• Optimized for Portable applications
• P2P with STUSB4x

USB-PD Type-C Solution

AC/DC Multi-output 36W Converter
Based on STCH02 QR controller
Multiple Output voltages (5V, 9V, 12V)
STM32 Embedded Software Solution
to interface with USB-C connector
to handle t
cost ef
fective and popular 32bit Microcontroller
he USB Power Delivery protocol
HW platform based on X-Nucleo Shield

Block Diagram

NUCLEO +
MORPHO
CONNECTORS
Internal Power
Block
Power Connector
Analog
Front End
Type-C
Interface
NUCLEO + X-NUCLEO-USBPDM1
External Power
Supply Board
Modular Approach

Block Diagram: Features

Power Connector
V
CONN
V
Analog
Front End
& Cable Logic
CONN
Load Switch
Switch
Internal Supply
Bus Discharge
Role Setup
ESD ESD
V
BUS
CCsCCs
Volt & Curr
Sensing
Receptacle
USB 2.0
USB 2.0
On board functionalities activable if not available on external power s uppl y boar d.
USB 2.0 hooked to Type-C on Port 0, if available on STM32.
AC/DC 36W 5/9/12V
Iout
Iout
Efficiency and no Load Consumption
Load
100%
75% 50% 25%
Average
Input
voltage
115V
AC
230V
AC
Input voltage
115Vac 11mW
Efficiency @ 115Vac
[A] 5V
3.000 83.18% 85.17% 85.41%
2.250 80.61% 85.34% 85.53%
1.510 80.20% 84.71% 84.61%
0.750 80.92% 85.17% 81.67%
81.23% 84.45% 84.30%
Efficiency @ 10% Pout
5V
76.29% 76.68% 73.28%
73.09% 73.06% 70.54%
No load consumption
9V 12V
9V 12V
5V
Load
100%
75% 50% 25%
Average
Efficiency @ 230Vac
[A] 5V
3.000 82.42% 85.56% 86.35%
2.250 81.44% 84.65% 85.47%
1.510 80.65% 83.44% 84.08%
0.750 77.89% 80.36% 80.05%
80.60% 83.50% 84%
36W 5/9/12V board
9V 12V
230Vac 12mW
Please note that the v al ues of effic iency are penali zed by the power los ses on s econd ar y rectifier diode.
The efficiency can be improved around 4% usi ng synchr onous rectificat ion
AC/DC 36W 5/9/12V
Schematic
1

MCU + Discrete AFE Overview

STM32F0
STM32 Embedded Software Solution to
interface with USB-C connector and to handle the USB Power Delivery protocol.
USB-C & PD
FW
Hardware : Entry level Cortex-M0
based STM32F0 microcontroller series
GPI/Os
Discrete
Analog FE
CC1/CC2
with simple discrete Analog Front End PHY
Embedded Software : USB-C & PD
Middleware
Best device for 2 ports management : STM32F051 in 48 pi n pack ag e Best device for 1 port management : STM32F051/31 in 20/32 pin package
USB T y pe-C
connector

X-NUCLEO-USBPDM1

USB-C Power Deliv
ery expansion board with two USB Type-C connectors for two port management.
Main features:
Two Dual Role Ports
Dedicated Power Connector to interface with
external Power Supply board providing different profiles (up to 20V and 5A) and V
On-board Power management able to provide
internal needed voltages from V
Six debug LEDs
USB 2.0 interface capability available on one port
CONN
BUS
Compatible with STM32 Nucleo boards
Equipped with ST morpho connectors
X-NUCLEO-USBPDM1
Morpho connectors
Power Role Configuration Port 1
CC AFE and V
V
Port 1 Switch and discharge
BUS
Power Connector for external Power Source
Switch Port 1
CONN
User LEDs
Board Details
Power Role Configuration Port 0
CC AFE and V
V
Port 0 Switch and discharge
BUS
Switch Port 0
CONN
V
Current/Voltage sens ing Port 1
BUS
Type-C Receptacle Port 1
Connector for V
Load Port 1
BUS
Connector for V
V
Current/Voltage sens ing Port 0
BUS
Local Power Management
Type-C Receptacle Port 0 (USB2.0 Capability )
Load Port 0
BUS
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