ST UPSD3212A, uPSD3212C, uPSD3212CV User Manual

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Flash Programmable System Devices with

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8032 MCU with USB and Programmable Logi c

FEAT URES SUMMARY

■ FAST 8-BIT 8032 MCU

– 40MHz at 5.0V, 24MHz at 3.3V – Core, 12-clocks per instruction

■ DUAL FLASH ME MORIES WITH MEMOR Y

MANAGEMENT – Place either memory into 8032 program

address space or data address space

– READ-while-WRITE operation for In-

Application Programming and EEPROM

emulation – Single voltage program and erase – 100K minimum erase cycl e s, 1 5 - ye ar

retention

■ CLOCK, RESET, AND SUPPLY

MANAGEMENT – SRAM is Battery Backup capable – Normal, Idle, and Power Down Modes – Power-on and Low Voltage reset

supervisor – Programmable Watchdog Timer

■ PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC, GENERAL

PURPOSE – 16 macrocells – Implements state machines, glue-logic,

and so forth

■ COMMUNICATION INTERFACES

C Master/Slave bus controller

–I – Two UARTs with independent baud rate – Six I/O ports with up to 46 I/O pins – 8032 Address/Data bus available on

TQFP80 package – 5 PWM outputs, 8-bit resolution – USB v1.1, low-speed 1.5Mbps, 3

endpoints (uPSD3212A only)

uPSD3212A, uPS D321 2C

uPSD3212CV

Figure 1. Packages

TQFP52 (T)

52-lead, Thin,

Quad, Flat

TQFP80 (U)

80-lead, Thin,

Quad, Flat

■ JTAG IN-SYSTEM PROG RA MMING

– Program the entire device in as little as

10 seconds

■ A/D CONVERTER

– Four channels, 8-bit resolution, 10µs

■ TIMERS AND INTERRUPTS

– Three 8032 standard 16-bit timers – 10 Interrupt sources with two external

interrupt pins

■ Single Supply Voltage

– 4.5 to 5.5V – 3.0 to 3.6V

1/163December 2004

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Table 1. Device Summary

Max

Part Number

uPSD3212C-40T6 40 64K 16K 2K 37 No No 4.5-5.5 TQFP52 –40°C to 85°C

uPSD3212CV-24T6 24 64K 16K 2K 37 No No 3.0-3.6 TQFP52 –40°C to 85°C

uPSD3212C-40U6 40 64K 16K 2K 46 No Yes 4.5-5.5 TQFP80 –40°C to 85°C

uPSD3212CV-24U6 24 64K 16K 2K 46 No Yes 3.0-3.6 TQFP80 –40°C to 85°C

uPSD3212A-40T6 40 64K 16K 2K 37 Yes No 4.5-5.5 TQFP52 –40°C to 85°C uPSD3212A-40U6 40 64K 16K 2K 46 Yes Yes 4.5-5.5 TQFP80 –40°C to 85°C

Clock (MHz)

1st

Flash

(bytes)

2nd

Flash

(bytes)

SRAM

(bytes)

GPIO USB

8032

Bus

(V)

Pkg. Temp.

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uPSD3212A, uPSD3212C, uPSD3212C V

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

FEATURES SUMMARY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

SUMMARY DESCRIPTION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

52-PIN PACKAGE I/O PORT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

ARCHITECTURE OVERVIEW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Memory Organization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Program Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 5

Data memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

RAM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

XRAM-PSD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

SFR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Addressing Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Arithmetic Instructions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Logical Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Data Transfers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Boolean Instructions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

Relative Offset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

Jump Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Machine Cycles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

uPSD3200 HARDWARE DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

MCU MODULE DISCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Special Function Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

INTERRUPT SYSTEM. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

External Int0. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Timer 0 and 1 Interrupts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Timer 2 Interrupt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

C Interrupt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

External Int1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

USB Interrupt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

USART Interrupt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

Interrupt Priority Structure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 6

Interrupts Enable Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

How Interrupts are Handled . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

POWER-SAVING MODE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

Idle Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

Power-Down Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

Power Control Register. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

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Idle Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

Power-Down Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

I/O PORTS (MCU Module) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

PORT Type and Description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

OSCILLATOR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

SUPERVISORY. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

External Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

Low V

Watchdog Timer Overflow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

USB Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

WATCHDOG TIMER. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

TIMER/COUNTERS (TIMER 0, TIMER 1 AND TIMER 2). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

Timer 0 and Timer 1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

Timer 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

Voltage Reset. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

STANDARD SERIAL INTERFACE (UART) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

Multiprocessor Comm u nicatio ns. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

Serial Port Control Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

ANALOG-TO-DIGITAL CONVERTOR (ADC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

ADC Interrupt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

PULSE WIDTH MODULATION (PWM). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

4-channel PWM Unit (PWM 0-3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .67

Programmable Period 8-bit PWM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70

PWM 4 Channel Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

C INTERFACE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72

Serial Status Register (S2STA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 4

Data Shift Register (S2DAT). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74

Address Register (S2ADR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

USB HARDWARE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

USB related registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

Transceiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

Receiver Characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

External USB Pull-Up Resistor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 6

PSD MODULE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88

Functional Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88

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In-System Programming (ISP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .90

DEVELOPMENT SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91

PSD MODULE REGISTER DESCRIPTION AND ADDRESS OFFSET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92

PSD MODULE DETAILED OPERATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93

MEMORY BLOCKS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93

Primary Flash Memo ry and Seco nd ary Flash memo ry Descr ip tion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93

Memory Block Select Signals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93

Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94

Power-down Instruction and Power-up Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96

READ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96

Programming Flash Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .98

Erasing Flash Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 0 0

Specific Features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101

SRAM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .102

Sector Select and SRAM Select . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .102

Page Register. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105

PLDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106

The Turbo Bit in PSD MODULE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106

Decode PLD (DPLD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 0 8

Complex PLD (CPLD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109

Output Macrocell (OMC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110

Product Term Allocator. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1 1

Input Macrocells (IMC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112

I/O PORTS (PSD MODULE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113

General Port Architecture. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113

Port Operating Modes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114

MCU I/O Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114

PLD I/O Mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114

Address Out Mod e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114

Peripheral I/O Mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114

JTAG In-System Programming (ISP). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114

Port Configuration Registers (PCR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .116

Port Data Registers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117

Ports A and B – Functionality and Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118

Port C – Functionality and Structure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119

Port D – Functionality and Structure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120

External Chip Select . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121

POWER MANAGEMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 2 2

PLD Power Management. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124

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Page 6

uPSD3212A, uPSD3212C, uPSD3212CV

www.BDTIC.com/ST

PSD Chip Select Input (CSI, PD2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124

Input Clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124

Input Control Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124

RESET TIMING AND DEVICE STATUS AT RESET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126

Warm RESET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126

I/O Pin, Register and PLD Status at RESET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126

PROGRAMMING IN-CIRCUIT USING THE JTAG SERIAL INTERFACE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127

Standard JTAG Signals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127

JTAG Extensions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127

Security and Flash memory Protection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127

INITIAL DELIVERY STATE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127

AC/DC PARAMETERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128

MAXIMUM RATING. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130

EMC CHARACTERISTICS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 3 1

Functional EMS (Electromagnetic Susceptibility) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131

Designing Hardened Software To Avoid Noise Problems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131

Absolute Maximum Ratings (Electrical Sensitivity) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131

DC AND AC PARAMETERS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133

PACKAGE MECHANICAL INFORMATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157

PART NUMBERING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161

REVISION HISTORY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162

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Page 7

SUMMARY DESCRIPTION

www.BDTIC.com/ST

The uPSD321x Series combines a fast 8051based microcontroller with a flexible memory structure, programmable logic, and a rich peripheral mix including USB, to form an ideal embedded controller. At its core is an industry-standard 8032 MCU operating up to 40MHz.

A JTAG serial interface is used for In-System Programming (ISP) in as little as 10 seconds, perfect for manufacturing and lab development.

The USB 1.1 low-speed interface has one Control Endpoint and two Interrupt endpoints suitable for HID class drivers.

The 8032 core is coupled to Programmable System Device (PSD) architecture to optimize the 8032 memory structure, offering two inde pendent banks of Flash mem ory that can be pl aced at virtually any address within 8032 program or data address space, and easily paged beyond 64K bytes using on-chip programmable decode logic.

Figure 2. Block Diagram

uPSD3212A, uPSD3212C, uPSD3212C V

Dual Flash memory banks provide a robust solution for remote product updates in the field through In-Application Programming (IAP). Dual Flash banks also support EEPROM emulation, eliminating the need for exte r n al EEPR O M chips.

General purpose programmable logic (PLD) is included to build an endless variety of glue-logic, saving external logic devices. The PLD is conf igured using the software development tool, PSDsoft Express, available from the web at www.st.com/psm, at no charge.

The uPSD321x also includes supervisor functions such as a programmable watchdog timer and lowvoltage reset.

P3.0:7

P1.0:7

P4.0:7

USB+,

USB–

(3) 16-bit

Timer/

Counters

(2)

External

Interrupts

(8) GPIO, Port 3

(8) GPIO, Port 1

(4) 8-bit ADC

(5) 8-bit PWM

(8) GPIO, Port 4

I2C

UART0

UART1

USB v1.1

8032 MCU Core

uPSD321x

Programmable

SYSTEM BUS

1st Flash Memory:

64K Bytes

Decode and

Page Logic

General

Purpose

Logic,

16 Macrocells

8032 Address/Data/Control Bus

Watchdog and Low-Voltage Reset

VCC, VDD, GND, Reset, Crystal In

2nd Flash Memory:

16K Bytes

SRAM:

2K Bytes

(8) GPIO, Port A

(80-pin only)

(8) GPIO, Port B

(2) GPIO, Port D

(4) GPIO, Port C

JTAG ISP

(80-pin device only)

Supervisor:

PA0:7

PB0:7

PD1:2

PC0:7

MCU

Bus

Dedicated

Pins

AI10428b

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Page 8

uPSD3212A, uPSD3212C, uPSD3212CV

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Figure 3. TQ FP 52 Connections

PB0

PB1

PB2

PB3

PB4

52515049484746454443424140

PB5

VREF

GND

RESET_

PB6

PB7

P1.7/ADC3

P1.6/ADC2

PD1/CLKIN

JTAG TDO

JTAG TDI

USB–

PC4/TERR_

PC3/TSTAT

PC2/V

JTAG TCK

JTAG TMS

Note: 1. Pull-up resi stor re qu i red on pi n 5 (2kΩ for 3V devic es, 7.5kΩ for 5V dev i ces).

PC7

(1)

USB+

GND

STBY

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

14151617181920212223242526

GND

P4.2

P4.1

P4.0

P3.1/TXD

P4.7/PWM4

P4.6/PWM3

P4.5/PWM2

P4.4/PWM1

P4.3/PWM0

P3.0/RXD

P3.2/EXINT0

P3.3/EXINT1

39 P1.5/ADC1 38 P1.4/ADC0 37 P1.3/TXD1 36 P1.2/RXD1 35 P1.1/T2X 34 P1.0/T2 33 V

32 XTAL2 31 XTAL1 30 P3.7/SCL1 29 P3.6/SDA1 28 P3.5/T1 27 P3.4/T0

AI07423c

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Page 9

Figure 4. TQ FP 80 Connections

www.BDTIC.com/ST

PB0

P3.2/EXINT0

80797877767574737271706968676665646362

PB1

P3.1/TXD0

PB2

P3.0/RXD0

PB3

PB4

PB5

uPSD3212A, uPSD3212C, uPSD3212C V

(2)

REF

GND

RESET_

PB6

PB7

RD_

P1.7/ADC3

PSEN_

WR_

P1.6/ADC2 61

PD2

P3.3 /EXINT1

PD1/CLKIN

ALE PC7

JTAG/TDO

JTAG/TDI

(1)

USB–

PC4/TERR_

USB+

(2)

GND PC3/TSTAT PC2/V

STBY

JTAG TCK

(2)

NC P4.7/PWM4 P4.6/PWM3

JTAG TMS

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

21222324252627282930313233343536373839

60 P1.5/ADC1 59 P1.4/ADC0 58 P1.3/TXD1 57 A11 56 P1.2/RXD1 55 A10 54 P1.1/TX2 53 A9 52 P1.0/T2 51 A8 50 V

49 XTAL2 48 XTAL1 47 AD7 46 P3.7/SCL1 45 AD6 44 P3.6/SDA1 43 AD5 42 P3.5/T1 41 AD4

PA7

PA6

PA5

PA4

PA3

GND

P4.5/PWM2

P4.4/PWM1

P4.3/PWM0

Note: 1. Pull-up resi stor re qu i red on pi n 8 (2kΩ for 3V devic es, 7.5kΩ for 5V dev i ces).

2. NC = Not Conn ected.

P4.2

P4.1

PA2

P4.0

PA1

PA0

AD0

AD1

AD2

AD3

P3.4/T0

AI07424c

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Page 10

uPSD3212A, uPSD3212C, uPSD3212CV

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Table 2. 80-Pin Package Pin Description

Port Pin

P1.0 T2 52 I/O General I/O port pin Timer 2 Count input P1.1 TX2 54 I/O General I/O port pin Timer 2 Trigger input P1.2 RxD1 56 I/O General I/O port pin 2nd UART Receive P1.3 TxD1 58 I/O General I/O port pin 2nd UART Transmit P1.4 ADC0 59 I/O General I/O port pin ADC Channel 0 input P1.5 ADC1 60 I/O General I/O port pin ADC Channel 1 input P1.6 ADC2 61 I/O General I/O port pin ADC Channel 2 input P1.7 ADC3 64 I/O General I/O port pin ADC Channel 3 input

Signal

Name

AD0 36 I/O

AD1 37 I/O Multiplexed Address/Data bus A0/D0 AD2 38 I/O Multiplexed Address/Data bus A2/D2 AD3 39 I/O Multiplexed Address/Data bus A3/D3 AD4 41 I/O Multiplexed Address/Data bus A4/D4 AD5 43 I/O Multiplexed Address/Data bus A5/D5 AD6 45 I/O Multiplexed Address/Data bus A6/D6 AD7 47 I/O Multiplexed Address/Data bus A7/D7

Pin No. In/Out

Basic Alternate

External Bus Multiplexed Address/Data bus A1/D1

Function

A8 51 O External Bus, Address A8

A9 53 O External Bus, Address A9 A10 55 O External Bus, Address A10 A11 57 O External Bus, Address A11

P3.0 RxD0 75 I/O General I/O port pin UART Receive P3.1 TxD0 77 I/O General I/O port pin UART Transmit

P3.2 EXINT0 79 I/O General I/O port pin

P3.3 EXINT1 2 I/O General I/O port pin

P3.4 T0 40 I/O General I/O port pin Counter 0 input P3.5 T1 42 I/O General I/O port pin Counter 1 input

P3.6 SDA1 44 I/O General I/O port pin P3.7 SCL1 46 I/O General I/O port pin

P4.0 33 I/O General I/O port pin P4.1 31 I/O General I/O port pin P4.2 30 I/O General I/O port pin

P4.3 PWM0 27 I/O General I/O port pin

Interrupt 0 input / Timer 0 gate control

Interrupt 1 input / Timer 1 gate control

C Bus serial data I/O

C Bus clock I/O

8-bit Pulse Width Modulation output 0

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uPSD3212A, uPSD3212C, uPSD3212C V

www.BDTIC.com/ST

Port Pin

P4.4 PWM1 25 I/O General I/O port pin

P4.5 PWM2 23 I/O General I/O port pin

P4.6 PWM3 19 I/O General I/O port pin

P4.7 PWM4 18 I/O General I/O port pin

Signal

Name

USB– 8 I/O

REF

RD_ 65 O READ signal, external bus

WR_ 62 O WRITE signal, external bus

PSEN_ 63 O PSEN

ALE 4 O Address Latch signal, external bus

RESET_ 68 I Active low RESET

XTAL1 48 I Oscillator input pin for system clock XTAL2 49 O Oscillator output pin for system clock

Pin No. In/Out

Pull-up resistor required (2kΩ for 3V devices, 7.5kΩ for 5V devices)

70 O Reference Voltage input for ADC

signal, external bus

Function

Basic Alternate

8-bit Pulse Width Modulation output 1

8-bit Pulse Width Modulation output 2

8-bit Pulse Width Modulation output 3

Programmable 8-bit Pulse Width modulation output 4

input

PA0 35 I/O General I/O port pin PA1 34 I/O General I/O port pin PA2 32 I/O General I/O port pin PA3 28 I/O General I/O port pin PA4 26 I/O General I/O port pin PA5 24 I/O General I/O port pin PA6 22 I/O General I/O port pin PA7 21 I/O General I/O port pin PB0 80 I/O General I/O port pin PB1 78 I/O General I/O port pin PB2 76 I/O General I/O port pin PB3 74 I/O General I/O port pin PB4 73 I/O General I/O port pin PB5 72 I/O General I/O port pin PB6 67 I/O General I/O port pin PB7 66 I/O General I/O port pin

1. PLD Macro-cell outputs

2. PLD inputs

3. Latched Address Out (A0A7)

4. Peripheral I/O Mode

1. PLD Macro-cell outputs

2. PLD inputs

3. Latched Address Out (A0A7)

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uPSD3212A, uPSD3212C, uPSD3212CV

www.BDTIC.com/ST

Port Pin

PC2 PC3 TSTAT 14 I/O General I/O port pin PC4 TERR_ 9 I/O General I/O port pin

PC7 5 I/O General I/O port pin

PD1 CLKIN 3 I/O General I/O port pin

PD2 1 I/O General I/O port pin

Vcc 12

Vcc 50 GND 13 GND 29 GND 69

Signal

Name

JTAG TMS 20 I JTAG pin JTAG TCK 16 I JTAG pin

STBY

JTAG TDI 7 I JTAG pin

JTAG TDO 6 O JTAG pin

USB+ 10

Pin No. In/Out

15 I/O General I/O port pin

Function

Basic Alternate

1. PLD Macro-cell outputs

2. PLD inputs

3. SRAM stand by voltage input (V

4. SRAM battery-on indicator (PC4)

5. JTAG pins are dedicated pins

1. PLD I/O

2. Clock input to PLD and APD

1. PLD I/O

2. Chip select to PSD Module

STBY

)

NC 11 NC 17 NC 71

52-PIN PACKAGE I/O PORT

The 52-pin package members of the uPSD321x Devices have the sam e port pins as those of the 80-pin package except:

– Port 0 (P0.0-P0.7, external address/data bus

AD0-AD7)

– Port 2 (P2.0-P2.3, external address bus A8-

A11)

– Port A (PA0-PA7) – Port D (PD2) – Bus control signal (RD,WR,PSEN,ALE)

Pin 5 requires a pull-up resistor (2kΩ for 3V devices, 7.5kΩ for 5V devices) for all devices.

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Page 13

ARCHITECTURE OVERVIEW

www.BDTIC.com/ST

Memory Organization

The uPSD321x Devices’s standard 8032 Core has separate 64KB address spaces for Program memory and Data Memory. Program mem ory is where the 8032 executes instructions from. Data memory is used to hold data variables. Flash memory can be mapped in either prog ram or data space. T he Flash memory consists of two flash memory blocks: the main Flash (512Kbit) and the Secondary Flash (128Kbit). Except during flash memory programming or update, F lash memory can only be read, not written to. A Page Register is used to access memory beyond the 64K bytes address

Figure 5. Memory Map and Address Space

MAIN FLASH

uPSD3212A, uPSD3212C, uPSD3212C V

space. Refer to the PSD Module for details on mapping of the Flash memory.

The 8032 core h as t wo ty pes of data memory (internal and external) that can be read and written. The internal SRAM consists o f 256 bytes, and includes the stack area.

The SFR (Special Function Registers) occupies the upper 128 bytes of the internal SRAM, the registers can be accessed by Direct addressing only. Another 2K bytes resides in the PSD Module that can be mapped to any address space defined by the user.

EXT. RAM

SECONDARY FLASH

16KB

Flash Memory Space

64KB

INT. RAM

Indirect

Addressing

Indirect Direct

Addressing

Internal RAM Space (256 Bytes)

SFR

Direct

Addressing

2KB

External RAM Space

(MOVX)

AI07425

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uPSD3212A, uPSD3212C, uPSD3212CV

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Registers

The 8032 has several registers; these are the Program Counter (PC), Accumulator (A), B Register (B), the Stack Pointer (SP), the Program Status Word (PSW), General purpose registers (R0 to R7), and DPTR (Data Pointer register).

Accumulator. The Accumulator is the 8-bit general purpose register, used for data operation such as transfer, temporary saving, and conditional tests. The Accumulator can be used as a 16-bit register with B Register as shown in Figure 6.

B Register. The B Register is the 8-bit general purpose register, used for an arithmetic operation such as multiply, division with the Accumulator (see Figure 7).

Stack Pointer. The Stack Pointer Register is 8 bits wide. It is incremented before data is stored during PUSH and CALL executions. While the stack may reside anywhere in on-chip RAM, the Stack Po inter is in itializ ed to 07 h a fter res et. T his causes the stack to begin at location 08h (see Figure 8).

Program Counter. The Program Counter is a 16bit wide which consists of two 8-bit registers, PCH and PCL. This counter indicates the address of the next instruction to be executed. In RESET the program counter has reset routine address (PCH:00h, PCL:00h).

Program Status Word. The Program Status Word (PSW) contains several bits that reflect the current state of the CPU and select Internal RAM (00h to 1Fh: Bank0 to Bank3). The PSW is described in Figure 9., page 15. It contains the Carry Flag, the Auxiliary Carry Flag, the Half Carry (for BCD operation), the general purpose flag, the Register Bank Select Flags, the Overflow Flag, and Parity Flag.

[Carry Flag, CY]. This flag stores any carry or not borrow from the ALU of CPU after an arithmetic operation and is also changed by the Shift Instruction or Rotate Instruction.

[Auxiliary Carry Flag, AC]. After operation, this is set when there is a carry from Bit 3 of ALU or there is no borrow from Bit 4 of ALU.

[Register Bank Select Flags, RS0, RS1]. This flags select one of four bank(00~07H:bank0, 08~0Fh:bank1, 10~17h: bank2, 17~1Fh:bank3) in Internal RAM.

[Overflow Flag, OV]. This flag is set to '1' when an overflow occurs as the result of an arithmetic operation involving signs. An overflow occurs when the result of an addition or subtraction exceeds +127 (7Fh) or -128 (80h). The CLRV instruction clears the overflow flag. There is no set instruction. When the BIT instruction is executed, Bit 6 of memory is copied to this flag.

state,

[Parity Flag, P]. This flag reflects on number of Accumulator’s “1.” If the number of Accum ulator’s 1 is odd, P=0. otherwise, P= 1. The sum of adding Accumulator’s 1 to P is always even.

R0~R7. General purpose 8-bit registers that are locked in the lower portion of internal data area.

Data Pointer Register. Data Pointer Register is 16-bit wide which consists of two-8bit registers, DPH and DPL. This register is used as a data pointer for the data transmission with external data memory in the PSD Module.

Figure 6. 8032 MCU Registers

Accumulator B Register

Stack Pointer Program Counter Program Status Word

General Purpose Register (Bank0-3) Data Pointer Register

AI06636

PCH

DPTR(DPH)

A B

PCL

PSW

R0-R7

DPTR(DPL)

Figure 7. Configuration of BA 16-bit Registers

Two 8-bit Registers can be used as a "BA" 16-bit Registers

AI06637

Figure 8. Stack Pointer

Stack Area (30h-FFh)

Bit 15 Bit 0Bit 8 Bit 7

Hardware Fixed

SP (Stack Pointer) could be in 00h-FFh

SP00h

00h-FFh

AI06638

14/163

Page 15

Figure 9. PSW (Program Status Word) Register

www.BDTIC.com/ST

uPSD3212A, uPSD3212C, uPSD3212C V

MSB

PSW

Carry Flag

Auxillary Carry Flag

General Purpose Flag

AC FO RS1RS0 OV P

(to select Bank0-3)

Program Memory

The program memory consists of two Flash memory: 64KByte Main Flash and 16KByte of Secondary Flash. The Flash mem ory can be mapped to any address space as defined by the user in the PSDsoft Tool. It can also be mapped to Data memory space during Flash memory update or programming.

After reset, the CPU begins execution from location 0000h. As shown in Figure 10, e ach interrupt is assigned a fixed location in Program Memory. The interrupt causes the CPU to jump to that location, where it commences execution of the service routine. External Interrupt 0, for example, is assigned to location 0003h. If External Interrupt 0 is going to be used, its service routine must begin at location 0003h. If the interrupt is not going to be used, its service location is available as gen eral purpose Program Memory.

The interrupt service locations are spaced at 8byte intervals: 0003h for External Interrupt 0, 000Bh for Timer 0, 0013 h for E xternal I nterrupt 1, 001Bh for Timer 1 and so forth. If an interrupt service routine is short enough (as is often the cas e in control applications), it can reside entirely within that 8-byte interval (see Figure 10). Longer service routines can use a jump instruction t o skip over subsequent interrupt locat ions, if other interrupts are in use.

Data memory

The internal data memory is divided into four physically separ ated blocks: 256 byt es of internal RAM , 128 bytes of Special Function Registers (SFRs) areas and 2K bytes (XRAM-PSD) in the PSD Module.

LSB

Reset Value 00h

Parity Flag Bit not assigned

Overflow Flag

AI06639

RAM

Four register banks, each 8 registers wide, occupy locations 0 through 31 in the lower RAM area. Only one of these banks may be enabled at a time. The next 16 bytes, locations 32 through 47, contain 128 directly addressable bit locations. The stack depth is only limited by the available internal RAM space of 256 bytes.

XRAM-PSD

The 2K bytes of XRAM-PS D resides in the PSD Module and can be mapped to any address space through the DPLD (Decoding PLD) as defined by the user in PSDsoft Development tool. The XRAMPSD has a battery backup feature that allow the data to be retained in t he event of a power lost. The battery is connected to t he Port C PC2 pin. This pin must be configured in PSDSoft to be battery back-up.

Figure 10. Int erru pt Location of Program Memory

008Bh

•

0013h 000Bh

0003h 0000hReset

8 Bytes

AI06640

Interrupt Location

•

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Page 16

uPSD3212A, uPSD3212C, uPSD3212CV

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SFR

The SFRs can only be addressed directly in the address range from 80h to FFh. Table

15., page 28 gives an overview of the Special

Function Registers. Sixteen address in the SFRs space are both-byte and bit-addressable. The bi taddressable SFRs are those whose address ends in 0h and 8h. The bit addresses in this area are 80h to FFh.

Addressing Modes

The addressing modes in uPSD321x Dev ices instruction set are as follows

■ Direct addressing

■ Indirect addressing

■ Register addressing

■ Register-specific addressing

■ Immediate constants addressing

■ Indexed addressing

Table 3. RAM Address

Byte Address (in Hexadecimal)

↓↓

FFh 255

30h 48

msb Bit Address (Hex) lsb

Byte Address

(in Decimal)

(1) Direct addressing. In a direct addressing the

operand is specified by an 8-bit address field in the instruction. Only internal Data RAM and SFRs (80~FFH RAM) can be directly addressed.

Example:

mov A, 3EH ;A <----- RAM[3E]

Figure 11. Direct Addressing

2Fh 7F 7E 7D 7C 7B 7A 79 78 47 2Eh777675747372717046 2Dh 6F 6E 6D 6C 6B 6A 69 68 45 2Ch676665646362616044

Program Memory

3Eh

2Bh 5F 5E 5D 5C 5B 5A 59 58 43 2Ah575655545352515042

29h 4F 4E 4D 4C 4B 4A 49 48 41 28h 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 40 40 27h 3F 3E 3D 3C 3B 3A 39 38 39 26h 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 38 25h 2F 2E 2D 2C 2B 2A 29 28 37 24h 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 36 23h 1F 1E 1D 1C 1B 1A 19 18 35 22h 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 34 21h 0F 0E 0D 0C 0B 0A 09 08 33 20h 07 06 05 04 03 02 01 00 32

1Fh

18h 24 17h

10h 16

0Fh

08h 8 07h

00h 0

AI06641

(2) Indirect addressing. In indirect addressing the instruction specifies a regis ter which c ontains the address of the operand. Both internal and external RAM can be indirectly addressed. The address register for 8-bit addresses can be R0 or R1 of the selected register bank, or the Stack Pointer. The address register for 16-bit addresses can only be the 16-bit “data pointer” register, DPTR.

Example:

mov @R1, #40 H ;[R1] <-----40H

Figure 12. Indi rect Address in g

Program Memory

55h

40h

AI06642

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uPSD3212A, uPSD3212C, uPSD3212C V

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(3) Register addressing. The register banks, containing registers R0 through R7, can be accessed by certain instruction s which carry a 3-bit register specification within the o pcode of the instruction. Instructions that access the registers this way are code efficient, since this m ode eliminates an address byte. When the instruction is executed, one of four banks is selected at execution time by the two bank select bits in the PSW.

Example:

mov PSW, #0001000B ; select Bank0 mov A, #30H mov R1, A

(4) Register-specific addressing. Some instructions are specific to a certain register. For example, some instructions always operate on the Accumulator, or Data Pointer, etc., so no addres s byte is needed to point it. The opcode its elf does that.

(5) Immediate constants addressing. The value of a constant can follow the opcode in Program memory.

Example:

mov A, #10H.

(6) Indexed addressing. Only Program me mory can be accessed with indexed addressing, a nd it can only be read. This addressing mode is intended for reading look-up tables in Program memory. A 16-bit base register (either DPTR or PC) points to the base of the table, and the Accumulator is set up with the table entry number. The address of the table entry in Program memory is formed by adding the Accumulator data to the base pointer (see Figure 13 ).

Example:

movc A, @A+DPTR

Figure 13. Indexed Addres sing

Arithmetic Instructions

The arithmetic instructions is listed in Table

4., page 18. The table indicates the addressing

modes that can be used with each i nstruction to access the <byte> operand. For example, the ADD A, <byte> instruction can be written as:

ADD a, 7FH (direct addressing) ADD A, @R0 (indirect addressing) ADD a, R7 (register addressing) ADD A, #127 (immediate constant)

Note: Any byte in the internal Data Memory space can be incremented without going through the Accumulator.

One of the INC instructions operates on the 16-bit Data Pointer. The Data Pointer is used to generate 16-bit addresses for external memory, so being able to increment it in one 16-bit operations is

a useful feature. The MUL A B instruc tion mul tiplies th e Accu mula-

tor by the data in the B register and puts the 16-bit product into the concatenated B and Accumulator registers.

The DIV AB instruction divides the Accumulator by the data in the B register and leaves the 8-bit quotient in the Accumulator, and the 8-bit remainder in the B register.

In shift operations, dividing a num ber by 2n s hifts its “n” bits to the right. Using DIV AB t o perform the division completes the shift in 4?s and leaves the B register holding the b its that were shifted out. The DAA instruction is for BCD arithmetic operations. In BCD arithmetic, ADD and ADDC instructions should always be followed by a DAA operation, to ensure that the result is also in BCD.

Note: DAA will not convert a binary number to BCD. The DAA operation produces a meaningful result only as the second step in the addition of two BCD bytes.

ACC DPTR

3Ah 1E73h

Program Memory

3Eh

AI06643

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Table 4 . Arithmetic Instru c t ions

Mnemonic Operation

ADD A,<byte> A = A + <byte> X X X X ADDC A,<byte> A = A + <byte> + C X X X X SUBB A,<byte> A = A – <byte> – C X X X X

INC A = A + 1 Accumulator only

INC <byte> <byte> = <byte> + 1 X X X

INC DPTR DPTR = DPTR + 1 Data Pointer only

DEC A = A – 1 Accumulator only

DEC <byte> <byte> = <byte> – 1 X X X

MUL AB B:A = B x A Accumulator and B only

DIV AB

DA A Decimal Adjust Accumulator only

Logical Instructions

Table 5., page 19 shows list of uPSD321x Devic-

es logical instructions. The instructions that perform Boolean operations (AND, OR, Exclusive OR, NOT) on bytes perform the operation on a bitby-bit basis. That is, if th e Accumulator contains 00110101B and byte contains 01010011B, then:

ANL A, <byte> will leave the Accum u lator holdi ng 00010001B. The addressing modes that can be used to access

the <byte> operand are listed in Table 5. The ANL A, <byte> instruction may take any of the

forms:

ANL A,7FH(direct addressing)

ANL A, @R1 (indirect addressing)

ANL A,R6 (register addressing)

ANL A,#53H (immediate constant) Note: Boolean operations can be performed on

any byte in the internal Data Mem ory space without going through the Accumulator. The XRL <byte>, #data instruction, for example, offers a quick and easy way to invert port bits, as in

XRL P1, #0FFH.

A = Int[ A / B ]

B = Mod[ A / B ]

Dir. Ind. Reg. Imm

If the operation is in response to an interrupt, not using the Accumulator saves the time and effort to push it onto the stack in the service routine.

The Rotate instructions (RL A , RLC A, etc.) shift the Accumulator 1 bit to the left or right. For a left rotation, the MSB rolls into the LSB position. For a right rotation, the LSB rolls into the MSB position.

The SWAP A instruction interchanges the high and low nibbles within the Accumulator. This is a useful operation in BCD manipulations. For example, if the Accumulator contains a binary num ber which is known to be less than 100, it can be quickly converted to BCD by the following code:

MOVE B,#10 DIV AB SWAP A ADD A,B

Dividing the number by 10 leaves the tens digit in the low nibble of the Acc umulator, and the ones digit in the B register. The SWAP and ADD instructions move the tens digit to the high nibble of the Accumulator, and the ones digit to the low nibble.

Addressing Modes

Accumulator and B only

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Table 5. Logical Instructions

Mnemonic Operation

Dir. Ind. Reg. Imm

ANL A,<byte> A = A .AND. <byte> X X X X ANL <byte>,A A = <byte> .AND. A X

ANL <byte>,#data A = <byte> .AND. #data X

ORL A,<byte> A = A .OR. <byte> X X X X ORL <byte>,A A = <byte> .OR. A X

ORL <byte>,#data A = <byte> .OR. #data X

XRL A,<byte> A = A .XOR. <byte> X X X X XRL <byte>,A A = <byte> .XOR. A X

XRL <byte>,#data A = <byte> .XOR. #data X

CRL A A = 00h Accumulator only CPL A A = .NOT. A Accumulator only

RL A Rotate A Left 1 bit Accumulator only

RLC A Rotate A Left through Carry Accumulator only

RR A Rotate A Right 1 bit Accumulator only

Addressing Modes

RRC A Rotate A Right through Carry Accumulator only

SWAP A Swap Nibbles in A Accumulator only

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Data Transfers Internal RAM. Table 6 shows the menu of in-

structions that are available for moving data around within the internal memory spaces, and the addressing modes that can be used with each one. The MOV <dest>, <src> instruction allows data to be transferred between any two internal RAM or SFR locations without going through the Accumulator. Remember, the Uppe r 128 b ytes of data RAM can be accessed only by indirect addressing, and SFR space only by di rect addressing.

Note: In uPSD321x Devices, the stack resides in on-chip RAM, and grows upwards. T he PUSH instruction first increments the St ack Pointer (SP), then copies the byte into the stack. PUSH and POP use only direct addressing to identify the byte being saved or restored, but the stack itself is accessed by indirect addressing using the S P register. This means the stack can go into the Upper 128 bytes of RAM, if they are implemented, but not into SFR space.

The Data Transfer instructions include a 16-bit MOV that can be used to initialize the Data Pointer (DPTR) for look-up tables in Program Memory.

The XCH A, <byte> instruction causes the Accumulator and ad-dressed byte to exchange data. The XCHD A, @Ri instruction is similar, but only the low nibbles are involved in the exchange. To see how XCH and XCHD can be used to facilitate data manipulations, consider first the problem of shifting and 8-digit BCD number two digits to the right. Table 8., page 21 shows how this can be done using XCH instructions. To aid in understanding how the code works, the contents of the registers that are holding the BCD number and the content of the Accumulator are shown alon gside each instruction to indicate their status after the instruction has been executed.

After the routine has been executed, the Accumulator contains the two digits that were shifted out on the right. Doing the routine with direct MOVs uses 14 code bytes. The same operation with XCHs uses only 9 bytes and executes almost twice as fast. To right-shift by an odd number of digits, a one-digit must be executed. Table

9., page 21 shows a sample of code that will right-

shift a BCD number one digit, using the XCHD instruction. Again, the contents of the registers holding the number and of the accumulator are shown alongside each instruction.

Table 6. Data Transfer Instructions that Access Internal Data Memory Space

Mnemonic Operation

Dir. Ind. Reg. Imm

MOV A,<src> A = <src> XXXX

MOV <dest>,A <dest> = A X X X

MOV <dest>,<src> <dest> = <src> XXXX

MOV DPTR,#data16 DPTR = 16-bit immediate constant X

PUSH <src> INC SP; MOV “@SP”,<src> X POP <dest> MOV <dest>,”@SP”; DEC SP X

XCH A,<byte> Exchange contents of A and <byte> X X X

XCHD A,@Ri Exchange low nibbles of A and @Ri X

Addressing Modes

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First, pointers R1 and R0 are set up to point to the two bytes containing the last four BCD digits. Then

Table 7. Shifting a BCD Number Two Digits to the Right (using direct MOVs: 14 bytes)

a loop is executed which leaves the last byte, location 2EH, holding the l ast two dig its of the s hifted number. The pointers are decremented, and the loop is repeated for location 2DH. The CJNE instruction (Compare and Jump if Not equal) is a loop control that will be des cribed later. The loop

MOV A,2Eh 00 12 34 56 78 78 MOV 2Eh,2Dh 00 12 34 56 56 78 MOV 2Dh,2Ch 00 12 34 34 56 78

executed from LOOP to CJNE for R1 = 2EH, 2DH, 2CH, and 2BH. At that point the digit that was originally shifted out on the right has propagated to location 2AH. Since that location should be left with

MOV 2Ch,2Bh 00 12 12 34 56 78 MOV2Bh,#0 0000123456 78

0s, the lost digit is moved to the Accumulator.

Table 8. Shifting a BCD Number Two Digits to the Right (using direct XCHs: 9 bytes)

CLR A 00 12 34 56 78 00 XCH A,2Bh 00 00 34 56 78 12 XCH A,2Ch 00 00 12 56 78 34 XCH A,2Dh 00 00 12 34 78 56 XCH A,2Eh 00 00 12 34 56 78

Table 9. Shifting a BCD Number One Digit to the Right

2A 2B 2C 2D 2E ACC

MOV R1,#2Eh 00 12 34 56 78 xx MOV R0,#2Dh 00 12 34 56 78 xx

2A 2B 2C 2D 2E ACC

; loop for R1 = 2Eh

LOOP:MOV A,@R1 0012345678 78

XCHD A,@R0 0012345878 76 SWAP A 00 12 34 58 78 67 MOV @R1,A 00 12 34 58 67 67 DEC R1 0012345867 67 DEC R0 0012345867 67 CNJE R1,#2Ah,LOOP 00 12 34 58 67 67

; loop for R1 = 2Dh 00 12 38 45 67 45 ; loop for R1 = 2Ch 00 18 23 45 67 23 ; loop for R1 = 2Bh 08 01 23 45 67 01

CLR A 08 01 23 45 67 00 XCH A,2Ah 00 01 23 45 67 08

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External RAM. Table 10 shows a l ist of t he Dat a Transfer instructions that access external Data Memory. Only indirect addressing can be used. The choice is whether to us e a one-by te address, @Ri, where Ri can be either R0 or R1 of the s elected register bank, or a two-byte address, @DTPR.

Note: In all external Data RAM accesses, the Accumulator is always either the destination or source of the data.

Lookup Tables. Table 11 shows the two instruc- tions that are available for reading lookup tables in Program Memory. Since these instructions access only Program Memory, the lookup tables can only be read, not updated.

The mnemonic is MOVC for “move constant.” The first MOVC instruction in Table 11 can accommo- date a table of up to 256 entries numbered 0 through 255. The number of th e desired entry is loaded into the Accumulator, and the Data Pointer is set up to point to the beginning of the table. Then:

MOVC A, @A+DPTR copies the desired table entry into the Accumula-

tor.

The other MOVC instruction works the same way, except the Program Counter (PC) is used as the table base, and the table is accessed through a subroutine. First the number of the desired en-try is loaded into the Accumulator, and the subroutine is called:

MOV A , ENTRY NUMBER CAL L TABLE

The subroutine “TABLE” would look like this:

TABLE: MOVC A , @A+P C RET

The table itself immediately follows the RET (return) instruction is Program Memory. This type of table can have up to 255 entries, numbered 1 through 255. Number 0 cannot b e used, because at the time the MOVC instruction is executed, the PC contains the address of the RET instruction. An entry numbered 0 would be the RET opcode itself.

Table 10. Data Transfer Instruction that Access External Data Memory Space

Address Width Mnemonic Operation

8 bits MOVX A,@Ri READ external RAM @Ri

8 bits MOVX @Ri,A WRITE external RAM @Ri 16 bits MOVX A,@DPTR READ external RAM @DPTR 16 bits MOVX @DPTR,a WRITE external RAM @DPTR

Table 11. Lookup Table READ Instruction

Mnemonic Operation

MOVC A,@A+DPTR READ program memory at (A+DPTR)

MOVC A,@A+PC READ program memory at (A+PC)

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Boolean Instructions

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The uPSD321x Devices c ontain a c omp lete B oolean (single-bit) processor. One page o f the internal RAM contains 128 address able bits, and the SFR space can support up to 128 addressable bits as well. All of the port lines are bit-addressable, and each one can be treated as a separate singlebit port. The instructions that access these bits are not just conditional branches, but a complete menu of move, set, clear, complement, OR and AND instructions. These kinds of bit operations are not easily obtained in other architectures with any amount of byte-oriented software.

The instruction set for the Boolean processor is shown in Table 12. All bits ac ces ses are by di rect addressing.

Bit addresses 00h through 7Fh are i n the Lower 128, and bit addresses 80h through FFh are in SFR space.

Note how easily an internal flag can be moved to a port pin:

MOV C,FLAG MOV P1.0,C

In this example, FLAG is the name of any addressable bit in the Lower 128 or SFR space. An I/O line (the LSB of Port 1, in this case) is set or cleared depending on whether the Flag Bit is '1' or '0.'

The Carry Bit in the PSW is used as the single-bit Accumulator of the Boolean processor. Bit instructions th at re fer to th e Ca rr y B it as C as se mbl e a s Carry-specific instructions (CLR C, etc.). The Carry Bit also has a direct address, since it resides in the PSW register, which is bit-addressable.

Note: The Boolean instruction set includes ANL and ORL operations, but not the XRL (Exclusive OR) operation. An XRL operation is simple to implement in software. Suppose, for example, it is required to form the Exclusive OR of two bits:

C = bit 1 .XRL. bit2

The software to do that could be as follows:

MOV C , bit1 JNB bit2, OVER CPL C OVER: (continue)

First, Bit 1 is moved to the Carry. If bit2 = 0, then C now contains the correct result. That is, Bit 1 .XRL. bit2 = bit1 if bit2 = 0. On the o ther hand, if bit2 = 1, C now contains the complement of the correct result. It need only be inverted (CPL C) to complete the operation.

This code uses the JNB instruction, one of a series of bit-test instructions which execute a jump if the

uPSD3212A, uPSD3212C, uPSD3212C V

addressed bit is set (JC, JB, JBC) or if the addressed bit is not set (JNC, JNB). In the above case, Bit 2 is being tested, and if bit2 = 0, the CPL C instruction is jumped over.

JBC executes the jump if the addressed bit is set, and also clears the bit. Thus a flag can be tested and cleared in one operation. All the PSW bits are directly addressable, so the P arity B it, or the general-purpose flags, for example, are also available to the bit-test instructions.

Relative Offset

The destination address for these jum ps is specified to the assembler by a label or by an actual address in Program memory. How-ever, the destination address assembl es to a relative off set byte. This is a signed (two’s complement) offset byte which is added to the PC in two’s complement arithmetic if the jump is executed.

The range of the jump is therefore -128 to +127 Program Memory bytes relative to the first byte following the instruction.

Table 12. Boolean Instructions

Mnemonic Operation

ANL C,bit C = A .AND. bit ANL C,/bit C = C .AND. .NOT. bit ORL C,bit C = A .OR. bit

ORL C,/bit C = C .OR. .NOT. bit MOV C,bit C = bit MOV bit,C bit = C

CLR C C = 0

CLR bit bit = 0

SETB C C = 1

SETB bit bit = 1

CPL C C = .NOT. C

CPL bit bit = .NOT. bit

JC rel Jump if C =1

JNC rel Jump if C = 0

JB bit,rel Jump if bit =1 JNB bit,rel Jump if bit = 0 JBC bit,rel Jump if bit = 1; CLR bit

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Jump Instructions

Table 13 shows the list of unconditional jump instructions. The table lists a single “JMP add” instruction, but in fact there are three S J MP, LJ M P, and AJMP, which differ in the format of the destination address. JMP is a generic mnemonic which can be used if the programmer does not care which way the jump is en-coded.

The SJMP instruction encodes the destination address as a relative offset, as described above. The instruction is 2 bytes long, consisting of the opcode and the relative offset byte. The jump distance is limited to a range of -128 to +127 bytes relative to the instruction following the SJMP.

The LJMP instruction encodes the destination address as a 16-bit constant. The instruction is 3 bytes long, consisting o f the opco de and two address bytes. The des tination ad dres s c an b e any where in the 64K Program Memory space.

The AJMP instruction encodes the destination address as an 11-bit constant. The instruction is 2 bytes long, consisting of the opcode, which itself contains 3 of the 11 address bits, followed by another byte containing the low 8 bits of the destination address. When the instruction is executed, these 11 bits are simply substituted for the low 11 bits in the PC. The high 5 bits stay the same. Hence the destination has to be within the same 2K block as the instruction following the AJMP.

In all cases the programmer specifies the destination address to the assembler in the same way: as a label or as a 16-bit constant. The assembler will put the destination address into the correct format for the given instruction. If the format required by the instruction will not support the d istance t o the specified destination addre ss, a “Destination out of range” message is written into the List file.

The JMP @A+DPTR instruction supports case jumps. The destination address is computed at execution time as the sum of the 16-bit DPTR register and the Accumulator. Typically. DPTR is set up with the address of a jump table. In a 5-way branch, for ex-ample, an integer 0 through 4 is loaded into the Accumulator. The c ode to be executed might be as follows:

MOV DPTR,#JUMP TABLE MOV A,INDEX_NUMBER RL A JMP @A+DPTR

The RL A instruction converts the index number (0 through 4) to an even number on the range 0 through 8, because each entry in the jump table is 2 bytes long:

JUMP TABLE: AJMP CASE 0 AJMP CASE 1 AJMP CASE 2 AJMP CASE 3 AJMP CASE 4

Table 13 s hows a single “CALL addr” instruction, but there are two of them, LCALL and ACALL, which differ in the format in which the subroutine address is given to the CPU. CALL is a generic mnemonic which can b e used if the programm er does not care which way the address is encoded.

The LCALL instruction uses the 16-bit address format, and the subroutine can be anywh ere in the 64K Program Memory space. The ACALL instruction uses the 11-bit format, and the subroutine must be in the same 2K block as the instruction following the ACALL.

In any case, the programmer specifies the subroutine address to the assembler in the same way: as a label or as a 16-bit constant. The assembler will put the address into the correct format for the given instructions.

Subroutines should end with a RET instruction, which returns execution to the instruction following the CALL.

RETI is used to return from an interrupt service routine. The only difference between RET and RETI is th at RET I tells the interrupt control system that the interrupt in progress is done. If there is no interrupt in progress at the time RETI is executed, then the RETI is functionally identical to RET.

Table 13. Unconditional Jump Instructions

Mnemonic Operation

JMP addr Jump to addr

JMP @A+DPTR Jump to A+DPTR

CALL addr Call Subroutine at addr

RET R etur n from subro utine

RETI R etur n from Interr upt

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NOP No operation

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Table 14 shows the list of conditional jumps available to the uPSD321x Dev ices user. All of these jumps specify the destination address by the relative offset method, and so are limited to a jump distance of -128 to +127 bytes fro m the instruction following the conditional jump instruction. Important to note, however, the user specifies to the assembler the actual destination address the same way as the other jumps: as a label or a 16-bit constant.

There is no Zero Bit in the PSW. The JZ and JNZ instructions test the Accumulator data for that condition.

The DJNZ instruction (Decrement and Jump if Not Zero) is for loop control. To execute a loop N times, load a counter byte with N and terminate the loop with a DJNZ to the b eginning of t he loop, as shown below for N = 10:

MOV COUNTER,#10 LOOP: (begin loop)

•

• (end loop) DJNZ COUNTER, LOOP (continue)

The CJNE instruction (Compare and Jump if Not Equal) can also be used f or loo p cont rol a s in Ta-

ble 9., page 21. Two bytes are specified in the op-

erand field of the instruction. The jump is executed only if the two bytes are not equal. In the example of Table 9., page 21 Shifting a BCD Number One Digits to the Right, the two bytes were data in R1 and the constant 2Ah. T he initial data in R1 was 2Eh.

Every time the loop was executed, R1 was decremented, and the looping was to continue until the R1 data reached 2Ah.

Another application of this instruction is in “greater than, less than” comparisons. The two bytes in the operand field are taken as unsigned integers. If the first is less than the second, then the Carry Bit is set (1). If the first is greater than or equal to the second, then the Carry Bit is cleared.

Machine Cycles

A machine cycle consists of a sequence of six states, numbered S1 through S6. Each state time lasts for t wo oscillator per iods. Thus, a machine cycle takes 12 oscillator periods or 1µs if t he oscil lator frequency is 12MHz. Refer to Figure

14., page 26.

Each state is divided into a Phase 1 half and a Phase 2 half. State Sequence in uPSD321x Devices shows that retrieve/execute sequences in states and phases for various kinds of instructions.

Normally two program retrievals are generated during each machine cycle, even if the instruction being executed does tion being executed does not need more code bytes, the CPU simply ig nores the e xtra retrieval, and the Program Counter is not incremented.

Execution of a one-cycle instruction (Figure

14., page 26) begins during State 1 of the machine

cycle, when the opcode is latched into the Instruction Register. A second retrieve occurs during S4 of the sam e machine cycle. Exe cu ti o n is complete at the end of State 6 of this machine cycle.

The MOVX instructions take two machine cycles to execute. No program retrieval is generated during the second cycle of a MOVX instruction. This is the only time program retrievals are skipped. The retrieve/execute sequence for MOVX instruction is shown in Figure 14., page 26 (d).

not

require it. If the instruc-

Table 14. Conditional Jump Instructions

Addressing Modes

Mnemonic Operation

Dir. Ind. Reg. Imm

JZ rel Jump if A = 0 Accumulator only

JNZ rel Jump if A ≠ 0 Accumulator only

DJNZ <byte>,rel Decrement and jump if not zero X X

CJNE A,<byte>,rel Jump if A ≠ <byte> X X

CJNE <byte>,#data,rel Jump if <byte> ≠ #data X X

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Figure 14. State Sequence in uPSD321x Devices

Osc.

(XTAL2)

a. 1-Byte, 1-Cycle Instruction, e.g. INC A

b. 2-Byte, 1-Cycle Instruction, e.g. ADD A, adrs

c. 1-Byte, 2-Cycle Instruction, e.g. INC DPTR

S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6

p1 p1 p1 p1 p1 p1 p1 p1 p1 p1 p1 p1p2 p2 p2 p2 p2 p2 p2 p2 p2 p2 p2 p2

uPSD3200 HARDWARE DESCRIPTION

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The uPSD321x Devices has a m odular architecture with two main functional modules: the MCU Module and the PSD Module. The MCU Module consists of a standard 8032 core, peripherals and other system supporting functions. The PSD Module provides configurable Program and Data memories to the 8032 CPU core. In addition, it has its own set of I/O ports and a PLD with 16 macrocells for general logic implementation. Ports A,B,C, and D are general purpose programmable I/O ports

Figure 15. uPSD321x Devices Functional Modules

uPSD3212A, uPSD3212C, uPSD3212C V

that have a port architecture which is different from Ports 0-4 in the MCU Module.

The PSD Module communicates with the CPU Core through the internal address, data bus (A0A15, D0-D7) and control signals (RD_, WR_, PSEN_ , AL E, RESET_ ). Th e use r def ine s th e De coding PLD in the PSDsoft Development Tool and can map the resources in the PSD Module to any program or data address space.

Port 3, UART,

Intr, Timers,I2C

8032 Core

2 UARTs

Interrupt

MCU MODULE

PSD MODULE

Page Register

Decode PLD

Port 1, Timers and

2nd UART and ADC

Port 1Port 3

I2C

3 Timer /

Counters

256 Byte SRAM

Channel

ADC

512Kb

Main Flash

CPLD - 16 MACROCELLSJTAG ISP

8032 Internal Bus

128Kb

Secondary

Flash

PSD Internal Bus

Port 4 PWM

PWM

Channels

A0-A15

RD,PSEN

WR,ALE

16Kb

SRAM

Dedicated

USB Pins

USB

Transceiver

D0-D7

Bus

Interface

VCC, GND,

Reset Logic LVD & WDT

XTAL

Reset

Port 0, 2 Ext. Bus

Port C,

JTAG, PLD I/O

and GPIO

Port A & B, PLD

I/O and GPIO

Port D

GPIO

Dedicated

Pins

AI07426b

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MCU MODU LE DISCRIP TION

This section provides a detail description of the MCU Module system functions and Peripherals, including:

■ Special Function Registers

■ Timers/Counter

■ Interrupts

■ PWM

■ Supervisory Function (LVD and Watchdog)

■ USART

■ Power Saving Modes

■ I

C Bus

■ On-chip Oscillator

■ ADC

■ I/O Ports

Table 15. SFR Memory Map

F8 FF F0

E8 E0

D8 S2CON S2STA S2DAT S2ADR DF D0

C8 C0 B8 B0 A8 A0

(1)

UISTA

ACC

PSW

T2CON

(1)

UIEN UCON0 UCON1 UCON2 USTA UADR UDR0 EF

(1)

USCL UDT1 UDT0 E7

(1)

T2MOD RCAP2L RCAP2H TL2 TH2 CF

PSCL0L PSCL0H PSCL1L PSCL1H IPA B7

PWM4P PWM4W WDKEY AF

PWMCON PWM0 PWM1 PWM2 PWM3 WDRST IEA A7

Special Function Registers

A map of the on-chip memory area called the Special Function Register (SFR) space is shown in Table 15.

Note: In the SFRs not all of the addresses are occupied. Unoccupied addresses are not implemented on the chip. READ accesses to these addresses will in gen eral retu rn rand om da ta, and WRITE accesses will have no effect. User software should write '0s' t o thes e unimplemented locations.

C7 BF

98 SCON SBUF SCON2 SBUF2 9F 90

88 80

Note: 1. Register can be bit addres sing

28/163

TCON

(1)

P1SFS P3SFS P4SFS ASCL ADAT ACON 97

(1)

TMOD TL0 TL1 TH0 TH1 8F

SP DPL DPH PCON 87

Page 29

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Table 16. List of all SFR

SFR

Reg Name

Addr

80 P0 FF Port 0 81 SP 07 Stack Ptr 82 DPL 00 Data Ptr Low 83 DPH 00 Data Ptr High 87 PCON SMOD SMOD1 LVREN ADSFINT RCLK1 TCLK1 PD IDLE 00 Power Ctrl

88 TCON TF1 TR1 TF0 TR0 IE1 IT1 IE0 IT0 00

89 TMOD Gate C/T M1 M0 Gate C/T M1 M0 00

8A TL0 00 Timer 0 Low 8B TL1 00 Timer 1 Low 8C TH0 00 Timer 0 High 8D TH1 00 Timer 1 High

90 P1 FF Port 1 91 P1SFS P1S7 P1S6 P1S5 P1S4 00

93 P3SFS P3S7 P3S6 00

94 P4SFS P4S7 P4S6 P4S5 P4S4 P4S3 P4S2 P4S1 P4S0 00

95 ASCL 00

96 ADAT ADAT7 ADAT6 ADAT5 ADAT4 ADAT3 ADAT2 ADAT1 ADAT0 00

97 ACON ADEN ADS1 ADS0 ADST ADSF 00

98 SCON SM0 SM1 SM2 REN TB8 RB8 TI RI 00 99 SBUF 00 Serial Buffer

9A SCON2 SM0 SM1 SM2 REN TB8 RB8 TI RI 00

9B SBUF2 00 A0 P2 FF Port 2 A1 PWMCON PWML PWMP PWME CFG4 CFG3 CFG2 CFG1 CFG0 00

A2 PWM0 00

A3 PWM1 00

76543210

Bit Register Name

Reset Value

Comments

Timer / Cntr

Control

Timer / Cntr

Mode Control

Port 1 Select

Port 3 Select

Port 4 Select

8-bit

Prescaler for

ADC clock

ADC Data

ADC Control

Serial Control

2nd UART

Ctrl Register

2nd UART

Serial Buffer

PWM Control

Polarity

PWM0

Output Duty

Cycle

PWM1

Output Duty

Cycle

29/163

Page 30

uPSD3212A, uPSD3212C, uPSD3212CV

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SFR

Reg Name

Addr

A4 PWM2 00

A5 PWM3 00

A6 WDRST 00

A7 IEA ES2

A8 IE EA - ET2 ES ET1 EX1 ET0 EX0 00 A9 AA PWM4P 00

AB PWM4W 00

AE WDKEY 00 B0 P3 FF Port 3 B1 PSCL0L 00

B2 PSCL0H 00

B3 PSCL1L 00

B4 PSCL1H 00

B7 IPA PS2 PI2C 00

B8 IP PT2 PS PT1 PX1 PT0 PX0 00 C0 P4 FF New Port 4 C8 T2CON TF2 EXF2 RCLK TCLK EXEN2 TR2 C/T2 CP/RL2 00 C9 T2MOD DCEN 00 Timer 2 Mode

CA RCAP2L 00

CB RCAP2H 00

CC TL2 00

CD TH2 00

D0 PSW CY AC FO RS1 RS0 OV P 00 D1

76543210

Bit Register Name

Reset

Comments

Value

PWM2

Output Duty

Cycle

PWM3

Output Duty

Cycle

Watch Dog

Reset

Enable (2nd)

PWM 4 P uls e

Watch Dog

Key Register

Prescaler 0

Low (8-bit)

Prescaler 0

High (8-bit)

Prescaler 1

Low (8-bit)

Prescaler 1

High (8-bit)

Priority (2nd)

Reload low

Reload High Timer 2 Low

Timer 2 High

Program

Status Word

Interrupt

Enable

PWM 4

Period

Width

Interrupt

Priority

Timer 2

Control

Timer 2

byte

30/163

Page 31

uPSD3212A, uPSD3212C, uPSD3212C V

www.BDTIC.com/ST

SFR

Reg Name

Addr

D2 S2SETUP 00

D4 D5 D6 D7 D8

D9 DA DB

DC S2CON CR2 EN1 STA STO ADDR AA CR1 CR0 00

DD S2STA GC Stop Intr TX-Md Bbusy Blost ACK_R SLV 00

DE S2DAT 00

DF S2ADR 00

E0 ACC 00 Accumulator

E1 USCL 00

E6 UDT1 UDT1.7 UDT1.6 UDT1.5 UDT1.4 UDT1.3 UDT1.2 UDT1.1 UDT1.0 00

E7 UDT0 UDT0.7 UDT0.6 UDT0.5 UDT0.4 UDT0.3 UDT0.2 UDT0.1 UDT0.0 00

E8 UISTA SUSPND — RSTF TXD0F RXD0F RXD1F EOPF RESUMF 00

E9 UIEN SUSPNDIE RSTE RSTFIE TXD0IE RXD0IE TXD1IE EOPIE RESUMIE 00

EA UCON0 TSEQ0 STALL0 TX0E RX0E TP0SIZ3 TP0SiZ2 TP0SIZ1 TP0SIZ0 00

EB UCON1 TSEQ1 EP12SEL — FRESUM TP1SIZ3 TP1SiZ2 TP1SIZ1 TP1SIZ0 00

EC UCON2 — — — SOUT EP2E EP1E STALL2 STALL1 00

ED USTA RSEQ SETUP IN OUT RP0SIZ3 RP0SIZ2 RP0SIZ1 RP0SIZ0 00

EE UADR USBEN UADD6 UADD5 UADD4 UADD3 UADD2 UADD1 UADD0 00

EF UDR0 UDR0.7 UDR0.6 UDR0.5 UDR0.4 UDR0.3 UDR0.2 UDR0.1 UDR0.0 00

F0 B 00 B Register

76543210

Bit Register Name

Reset Value

Comments

C (S2)

Setup

C Bus

Control Reg

C Bus

Status

Data Hold

C address

8-bit

Prescaler for

USB logic

USB Endpt1

Data Xmit

USB Endpt0

Data Xmit

USB Interrupt

Status

USB Interrupt

Enable

USB Endpt0 Xmit Control

USB Endpt1 Xmit Control

USB Control

USB Endpt0

Status

USB Address

USB Endpt0

Data Recv

31/163

Page 32

uPSD3212A, uPSD3212C, uPSD3212CV

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Table 17. PSD Module Register Address Offset

CSIOP

Addr

Offset

00 Data In (Port A) Reads Port pins as input

02 Control (Port A)

04 Data Out (Port A) Latched data for output to Port pins, I/O Output Mode 00 06 Direction (Port A) Configures Port pin as input or output. Bit = 0 selects input 00

08 Drive (Port A)

Input Macrocell

(Port A)

Enable Out

(Port A) 01 Data In (Port B) 03 Control (Port B) 00 05 Data Out (Port B) 00 07 Direction (Port B) 00 09 Drive (Port B) 00

76543210

Configure pin between I/O or Address Out Mode. Bit = 0 selects I/

Configures Port pin between CMOS, Open Drain or Slew rate. Bit

Reads latched value on Input Macrocells

Reads the status of the output enable control to the Port pin driver.

Bit = 0 indicates pin is in input mode.

Bit Register Name

= 0 selects CMOS

Reset

Value

Comments

Input Macrocell

(Port B)

Enable Out

(Port B) 10 Data In (Port C) 12 Data Out (Port C) 00 14 Direction (Port C) 00 16 Drive (Port C) 00

Input Macrocell

11 Data In (Port D) * * * * * *

13 Data Out (Port D) * * * * * * 00

15 Direction (Port D) * * * * * * 00

17 Drive (Port D) * * * * * * 00

(Port C)

Enable Out

(Port C)

Enable Out

(Port D)

***** *

Only Bit 1 and

2 are used

Only Bit 1 and

2 are used

Only Bit 1 and

2 are used

Only Bit 1 and

2 are used

Only Bit 1 and

2 are used

32/163

Output

Macrocells AB

Page 33

uPSD3212A, uPSD3212C, uPSD3212C V

www.BDTIC.com/ST

CSIOP

Addr

Offset

Note: (Register address = cs io p address + address offset; w here csiop add ress is defined by user in PSDs oft)

B0 PMMR0 * *

B4 PMMR2 *

E0 Page 00 Page Register

E2 VM

* indicates bit is not used and need to set to '0.'

Output

Macrocells BC

Mask Macrocells

Primary Flash

Protection

Secondary Flash

Protection

76543210

Security

_Bit

Periph-

mode

*****

Bit Register Name

PLD

Mcells

PLD

array

clk

Ale

PLD

array-

clk

PLD array Cntl2

FL_ data

Sec3_

Prot

PLD

Turbo

PLD array Cntl1

Boot_

data

Sec2_

Prot

PLD array

Cntl0

FL_

code

Reset

Value

Sec1_

APD

enable

Boot_

code

Sec0_

Prot

Sec0_

Prot

*00

**00

SR_

code

Comments

Bit = 1 sector

is protected

Security Bit =

1 device is

secured

Control PLD

power

consumption

Blocking

inputs to PLD

array

Configure

8032 Program

and Data

Space

33/163

Page 34

uPSD3212A, uPSD3212C, uPSD3212CV

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INTERRUPT SYSTEM

There are interrupt requests from 10 sources as follows (see Figure 16., page 35).

■ INT0 External Interrupt

■ 2nd USART Interrupt

■ Timer 0 Interrupt

■ I

C Interrupt

■ INT1 External Interru p t (o r ADC Interrupt)

■ Timer 1 Interrupt

■ USB Interrupt

■ USART Interrupt

■ Timer 2 Interrupt

External Int0

– The INT0 can be either level-active or

transition-active depending on Bit IT0 in register TCON. The flag that actually generates this interrupt is Bit IE0 in TCON.

– When an external interrupt is generated, the

corresponding request flag is cleared by the hardware when the service routine is vectored to only if the interrupt was transition activated.

– If the interrupt was level activated then the

interrupt request flag remains set until the requested interrupt is actually generated. Then it has to deactivate the request before the interrupt service routine is completed, or else another interrupt will be generat ed.

Timer 0 and 1 Int errupts

– Timer 0 and Timer 1 Interrupts are generated

by TF0 and TF1 which are set by an overflow of their respective Timer/Counter registers (except for Timer 0 in Mode 3).

– These flags are cleared by the internal

hardware when the interrupt is serviced.

Timer 2 Inter rup t

– Timer 2 Interrupt is generated by TF2 which is

set by an overflow of Timer 2. This flag has to be cleared by the software - not by hardware.

– It is also generated by the T2EX signal (Timer

2 External Interrupt P1.1) which is controlled

by EXEN2 and EXF2 Bits in the T2CON register.

C Interrupt

– The interrupt of the I

INTR in the register S2STA.

– This flag is cleared by hardware.

External Int1

– The INT1 can be either level active or

transition active depending on Bit IT1 in register TCON. The flag that actually generates this interrupt is Bit IE1 in TCON.

– When an external interrupt is generated, the

corresponding request flag is cleared by the hardware when the service routine is vectored to only if the interrupt was transition activated.

– If the interrupt was level activated then the

– The ADC can take over the External INT1 to

generate an interrupt on conversion being completed

USB Interrupt

– The USB Interrupt is generated when

endpoint0 has transmitted a packet or received a packet, when endpoint1 or endpoint2 has transmitted a packet, when the suspend or resume state is detected and every EOP received.

– When the USB Interrupt is generated, the

corresponding request flag must be cleared by software. The interrupt service routine will have to check the various USB registers to determine the source and clear the corresponding flag.

– Please see the dedicated interrupt control

registers for the USB peripheral for more information.

C is generated by Bit

34/163

Page 35

Figure 16. Inte rru pt S ys te m

www.BDTIC.com/ST

uPSD3212A, uPSD3212C, uPSD3212C V

Interrupt Sources

INT0

USART

Timer

I2C

INT1

Timer

USB

2nd

USART

Timer

IE /

IP / IPA Priority

High

Low

Interrupt Polling

Global Enable

AI07427b

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Page 36

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USART Int erru pt

– The USART Interrupt is generated by RI

(Receive Inte r rupt) OR T I (Transmi t Interrupt).

– When the USART Interrupt is generated, the

corresponding request flag must be cleared by the software. The interrupt service routine will have to check the vari ous USART r egist ers to determine the source and clear the corresponding flag.

– Both USART’s are identical, except for the

additional interrupt controls in the Bit 4 of the additional interrupt control registers (A7H, B7H).

Interrupt Priority Structure

Each interrupt source can be assigned one of two priority levels. Interrupt priority levels are defined by the interrupt priority special function register IP and IPA.

0 = low priority 1 = high priority

Table 18. Priority Levels

Source Priority with Level

Int0 0 (highest)

A low priority interrupt may be interrupted by a high priority interrupt level interrupt. A high priority interrupt routine cannot be interrupted by any other interrupt source. If two interrupts of different priority occur simultaneously, the high priority level request is serviced. If requests of the same priority are received simultaneously, an internal polling sequence determines which request is serviced. Thus, within each priority level, there is a second priority structure determined by the polling sequence.

Interrupts Enable Structure

Each interrupt source can be individually enab led or disabled by setting or clearing a b it in the in terrupt enable special function register IE and IEA. All interrupt source can also be globally disabled by the clearing Bit EA in IE (see Table 19). Please see Tables 20, 21, 22, and 23 for individual bit descriptions.

2nd USART 1

Timer 0 2

I²C 3

Int1 4

reserved 5

Timer 1 6

USB 7

1st USART 8

Timer 2+EXF2 9 (lowest)

Table 19. SFR Register

SFR

Addr

Reg

Name

A7 IEA — — — ES2 — —

A8 IE EA — ET2 ES ET1 EX1 ET0 EX0 00

B7 IPA — — — PS2 — —

B8 IP — — PT2 PS PT1 PX1 PT0 PX0 00

76543210

Bit Register Name

EUSB 00

PUSB 00

Reset Value

Comments

Interrupt

Enable (2nd)

Interrupt

Enable

Interrupt

Priority (2nd)

Interrupt

Priority

36/163

Page 37

uPSD3212A, uPSD3212C, uPSD3212C V

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Table 20. Description of the IE Bits.

Bit Symbol Function

Disable all interrupts:

7EA

6—Reserved 5 ET2 Enable Timer 2 Interrupt 4 ES Enable USART Interrupt 3 ET1 Enable Timer 1 Interrupt 2 EX1 Enable External Interrupt (Int1) 1 ET0 Enable Timer 0 Interrupt 0 EX0 Enable External Interrupt (Int0)

Table 21. Description of the IEA Bits

Bit Symbol Function

7—Not used 6—Not used 5—Not used

0: no interrupt with be acknowledged 1: each interrupt source is individually enabled or disabled by setting or clearing its enable bit

4 ES2 Enable 2nd USART Interrupt 3—Not used 2—Not used 1 EI2C Enable I²C Interrupt 0 EUSB Enable USB Interrupt

Table 22. Description of the IP Bits

Bit Symbol Function

7—Reserved 6—Reserved 5 PT2 Timer 2 Interrupt priority level 4 PS USART Interrupt priority level 3 PT1 Timer 1 Interrupt priority level 2 PX1 External Interrupt (Int1) priority level 1 PT0 Timer 0 Interrupt priority level 0 PX0 External Interrupt (Int0) priority level

37/163

Page 38

uPSD3212A, uPSD3212C, uPSD3212CV

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Table 23. Description of the IPA Bits

Bit Symbol Function

7—Not used 6—Not used 5—Not used 4 PS2 2nd USART Interrupt priority level 3—Not used 2—Not used 1 PI2C I²C Interrupt priority level 0 PUSB USB Interrupt priority level

How Interrupts are Handled

The interrupt flags are sampled at S5 P2 of every machine cycle. The sa mples a re pol l e d dur i ng fol lowing machine cycle. If one of the flags was in a set condition at S5P2 of the preceding cycle, the polling cycle will find it and the interrupt system will generate an LCALL to the appropriate service routine, provided this H/W generated LCALL is not blocked by any of the following conditions:

– An interrupt of equal priority or higher priority

level is already in progress.

– The current machine cy cle is not the fin al cycle

in the execution of the instruction in progress.

– The instruction in progress is RETI or any

access to the interrupt priority or interrupt enable registers.

The polling cycl e is repeated with each ma chine cycle, and the values polled are the values that were present at S5P2 of the previous machine cycle.

Note: If an interrupt flag is active but being responded to for one of the above mentioned conditions, if the flag is still inactive wh en the blocking condition is removed, the d enied interrupt will not be serviced. In other words, the fact that the interrupt flag was once active but not serviced is not remembered. Every polling cycle is new.

The processor acknowledges an interrupt request by executing a hardware generated LCALL to the appropriate service routine. The hardware generated LCALL pushes the content s of the Program Counter on to the stack (but it does n ot save the PSW) and reloads the PC with an address that depends on the source of the interrupt being vectored to as shown in Table 24.

Execution proceeds from that location until the RETI instruction is encountered. The RETI instruction informs the processor that the interrupt routine is no longer in progress, then pops the top two bytes from the stack and reloads the Program Counter. Execution of the interrupted program continues from where it left off.

Note: A simple RET instruction wo uld also return execution to the interrupted program, but it would have left the interrupt control system thinking an interrup t was st ill in prog ress , maki ng fut ure in terrupts impossible.

Table 24. Vector Addresses

Source Vector Address

Int0 0003h

2nd USART 004Bh

Timer 0 000Bh

I²C 0043h

Int1 0013h

Timer 1 001Bh

USB 0033h

1st USART 0023h

Timer 2+EXF2 002Bh

38/163

Page 39

POWER-SAVING MODE

www.BDTIC.com/ST

Two software selectable modes of reduced power consumption are implemented (see Table 25).

Idle M o de

The following Functions are Switched Off. – CPU (Halted) The following Function Remain Active During Idle

Mode. – External Interrupts – Timer 0, Timer 1, Timer 2 –PWM Units –USART –8-bit ADC

C Interface

–I – USB Interface Note: Interrupt or RESET

Mode.

Power-Down Mode

– System Clock Halted – LVD Lo gic Remain s A c tive – SRAM contents remains unchanged – The SFRs retain their value until a RESET

asserted

Note: The only way to exit Power-down Mode is a RESET

terminates the Idle

uPSD3212A, uPSD3212C, uPSD3212C V

Power Control Register

The Idle and Power-down Modes are activated by software via the PCON register (see Tables 26 and Table 27., page 40).

Idle M o de

The instruction that sets PCON.0 is the last instruction executed in the normal operating mode before Idle Mode is activated. Once in the Idle Mode, the CPU status is preserved in its entirety: Stack pointer, Program counter, Program status word, Accumulator, RAM and All other registers maintain their data during Idle Mode.

There are three ways to terminate the Idle Mode. – Activation of any enabled interrupt will cause

PCON.0 to be clea red by hardwar e terminating Idle mode. The interrupt is serviced, and following return from interrupt instruction RETI, the next instruction to be executed will be the one which follows the instruction that wrote a logic '1' to PCON.0.

– External hardware reset: the hardware reset is

required to be active for two machine cycle to complete the RESET operation.

– Internal reset: the microcontroller restarts after

3 machine cycles in all cases.

Power-Down Mode

Table 25. Power-Saving Mode Power Consumption

Mode Addr/Data Ports1,3,4 PWM

Idle Maintain Data Maintain Data Active Active Active

Power-down Maintain Data Maintain Data Disable Disable Disable

Table 26. Pin S ta tus D uring Idle and Power- down Mode

SFR

Addr

Reg

Name

87 PCON SMOD SMOD1 LVREN ADSFINT RCLK1 TCLK1 PD IDLE 00 Power Ctrl

76543210

Bit Register Name

Reset Value

USB

Comments

39/163

Page 40

uPSD3212A, uPSD3212C, uPSD3212CV

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Table 27. Description of the PCON Bits

Bit Symbol Function

7 SMOD Double Baud Data Rate Bit UART 6 SMOD1 Double Baud Data Rate Bit 2nd UART 5 LVREN LVR Disable Bit (active High) 4 ADSFINT Enable ADC Interrupt

3 2

1 PD Activate Power-down Mode (High enable) 0 IDL Activate Idle Mode (High enable)

Note: 1. See the T2 CON register for details of the flag description

RCLK1

TCLK1

(1)

Received Clock Flag (UART 2)

(1)

Transmit Clock Flag (UART 2)

I/O PORT S (M CU MODULE)

The MCU Module has five ports: Port0, Port1, Port2, Port3 and Port 4. (Refer to the PSD Module section on I/O ports A,B,C and D). Ports P0 and P2 are dedicated for the external address and data bus and is not available in the 52-pin package devices.

Port1 - Port3 are the same as in the standard 8032 micro-controllers, with the exception of the addi-

tional special peripheral functions (see Table 28). All ports are bi-directional. Pins of which the alternative function is not used may be used as normal bi-directional I/O.

The use of Port1- Port4 pins as alternative functions are carried out automatically by the uPSD321x Device s provided the associated SFR Bit is se t HIGH.

Table 28. I/O Port Functions

Port Name Main Function Alternate

Port 1 GPIO

Port 3 GPIO

Port 4 GPIO PWM - Bits 3..7

Timer 2 - Bits 0,1

2nd UART - Bits 2,3

ADC - Bits 4..7

UART - Bits 0,1

Interrupt - Bits 2,3

Timers - Bits 4,5

C - Bits 6,7

40/163

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uPSD3212A, uPSD3212C, uPSD3212C V

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The following SFR registers (Tables 29, 30 , and

31) are used to control the mapping of alternate

functions onto the I/O port bits. Port 1 alternate functions are controlled using the P1SFS register, except for Timer 2 and the 2nd UART which are enabled by their configuration registers. P1.0 to P1.3 are default to GPIO after reset.

Port 3 pins 6 and 7 have been modified from the standard 8032. These pins that were used for READ and WRITE control signals are now GPIO

Table 29. P1SFS (91H)

76543210

0=Port 1.7

1=ACH3

0=Port 1.6

1=ACH2

0=Port 1.5

1=ACH1

0=Port 1.4

1=ACH0

Table 30. P3SFS (93H)

76543210

0 = Port 3.7

1 = SCL

C unit

from I

0 = Port 3.6

1 = SDA

C unit

from I

or I

C bus pins. The READ and W RITE pins are

assigned to dedicated pins. Port 3 (I

C) and Port 4 alternate functions are controlled using the P3SFS and P4SFS Special Function Selection registers. After a reset, the I/O pins default to GPIO. The alternate function is enabled if the co rresponding bit in the PXSFS register is set to '1.' Other Port 3 alternative functions (UART, Interrupt, and Timer/Counter) are enabled by their configuration register and do not require setting of the bits in R3SFS.

Bits Reserved Bits Reserved

Bits are reserved.

Table 31. P4SFS (94H)

76543210

0=Port 4.7

1=PWM 4

0=Port 4.6

1=PWM 3

0=Port 4.5

1=PWM 2

0=Port 4.4

1=PWM 1

0=Port 4.3

1=PWM 0

0=Port 4.2 0=Port 4.1 0=Port 4.0

41/163

Page 42

uPSD3212A, uPSD3212C, uPSD3212CV

www.BDTIC.com/ST

PORT Type and Descripti on

Figure 17. PORT Type and Description (Part 1)

Symbol Circuit Description

RESET I

WR, RD,ALE, PSEN

XTAL1,

XTAL2

In /

Out

NFC

xon

• Schmitt input with internal pull-up CMOS compatible interface NFC : 400ns

Output only

On-chip oscillator On-chip feedback resistor Stop in the power down mode

External clock input available CMOS compatible interface

42/163

PORT0 I/O

Bidirectional I/O port Schmitt input

Address Output ( Push-Pull ) CMOS compatible interface

AI07438

Page 43

Figure 18. PORT Type and Description (Part 2)

www.BDTIC.com/ST

uPSD3212A, uPSD3212C, uPSD3212C V

Symbol Circuit Function

PORT1 <3:0>,

PORT3,

PORT4<7:3,1:0>

PORT2

PORT1 < 7:4 > I/O

PORT4.2

In/

Out

I/O

Bidirectional I/O port with internal pull-ups Schmitt input CMOS compatible interface

Bidirectional I/O port with internal pull-ups Schmitt input

CMOS compatible interface Analog input option

an_enb

Bidirectional I/O port with internal

pull-ups

Schmitt input. TTL compatible interface

USB–, USB+

I/O

Bidirectional I/O port Schmitt input

TTL compatible interface

+ –

AI07428b

43/163

Page 44

uPSD3212A, uPSD3212C, uPSD3212CV

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OSCILLATOR

The oscillator circuit of the uPSD321x Devices is a single stage inverting amplifier in a P ierce o scillator configuration (see Figure 19). The circuitry between XTAL1 and XTA L2 is basically an inverter biased to the transfer point. Either a c rys tal or ceramic resonator can be used as the feedback ele-

Figure 19. Oscillator

ment to complete the oscillator circuit. Both are operated in parallel resonance.

XTAL1 is the high gain amplifier input, and XTAL2 is the output. To drive the uPSD321x Devices externally, XTAL1 is driven from an external source and XTAL2 left open-circuit.

XTAL1 XTAL2

8 to 40 MHz

XTAL1 XTAL2

External Clock

AI06620

44/163

Page 45

SUPERVISORY

www.BDTIC.com/ST

There are four ways to invoke a reset and initialize the uPSD321x Devices.

■ Via the external RESET pin

■ Via the inter n al LVR Block.

■ Via Watch Dog timer

■ Via USB bus reset signalling

The RESET Each RESET

signal active. The CPU responds by executing an internal reset and puts the internal registers in a defined state. This internal reset is also routed as an active low reset input to the PSD Module.

External Reset

The RESET for noise reduction. A RESET holding the RESET power up while the oscillator is running. Refer to AC spec on other RESET

Low V

An internal reset is generated by the LVR circuit when the V ter V

the RESET

mechanism is illustrated in Figure 20.

source will cause a n internal reset

pin is connected to a Sc hmitt trigger

is accomplished by

pin LOW for at least 1ms at

timing requirements.

Voltage Reset

drops below the reset t hreshold. Af-

reaching back up to the re set threshold,

signal will remain asserted for 10 ms

uPSD3212A, uPSD3212C, uPSD3212C V

before it is released. On initial power-up the LVR is enabled (default). After power-up the LVR can be disabled via the LVREN Bit in the PCON Register.

Note: The LVR logic is still functio nal in both the Idle and Power-down Modes.

The reset threshold:

■ 5V operation: 4V +/- 0.25V

■ 3.3V operation: 2.5V +/-0.2V

This logic supports approximately 0.1V of hysteresis and 1µs noise-cancelling delay.

Watchdog Timer Overflow

The Watchdog Timer generates an internal reset when its 22-bit counter overflows. See Watchdog Timer section for details.

USB Reset

The USB reset is generated by a detection on t he USB bus RESET upstream port for 4 to 8 times will set RSTF Bit in UISTA register. If Bit 6 (RSTE) of the UIEN Register is set, the detection will also generate the RESET

signal to reset the CPU and other periph-

erals in the MCU.

signal. A single-end zero on its

Figure 20. RESET

Reset

WDT

LVR

RSTE

USB Reset

Configuration

10ms

Timer

Noise

Cancel

10ms at 40Mhz 50ms at 8Mhz

CPU

Clock

Sync

CPU

PERI.

PSD_RST

"Active-Low"

AI07429b

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WATCHDOG TIMER

The hardware Watchdog Timer (WDT) resets the uPSD321x Devices when it overflows. The WDT is intended as a recovery method in situations where the CPU may be subjected to a software upset. To prevent a system reset the timer must be reloaded in time by the application software. If the processor suffers a hardware/software malfunction, th e sof tware will fail to reload the timer. This failure will result in a reset upon overflow thus preventing the processor running out of control.

In the Idle Mode the watchdog timer and reset circuitry remain active. The WDT consists of a 22-bit counter, the Watchdog Timer RESET SFR and Watchdog Key Register (WDKEY).

Since the WDT is automatically enab led whi le the processor is running. the user only needs to be concerned with servicing it.

The 22-bit counter overflows when it reaches 4194304 (3FFFFFH). The WDT increments once every machine cycle.

Table 32. Watchdog Timer Key Register (WDKEY: 0AEH)

76543210

(WDRST)

This means the user must reset the WDT at least every 4194304 machine cycles (1.258 seconds at 40MHz). To reset the WDT the user must write a value between 00-7EH to the WDRST register. The value that is written to the WDRST is loaded to the 7MSB of the 22 -bit count er. This al lows the user to pre-loaded the counter to an initial value to generate a flexible Watchdog time out period. Writing a “00” to WDRST clears the counter.

The watchdog timer is controlled by the watchdog key register, WDKEY. Only pattern 01010101 (=55H), disables the watchdog tim er. The rest of pattern combinations will keep the watchdog timer enabled. This security key will p reve nt the wa tchdog timer from being terminated abnormally when the function of the watchdog timer is needed.

In Idle Mode, the oscillator continues to run. To prevent the WDT from resetting the processor while in Idle, the user should always set up a timer that will periodically exit Idle, service the WDT, and re-enter Idle Mode.

WDKEY7 WDKEY6 WDKEY5 WDKEY4 WDKEY3 WDKEY2 WDKEY1 WDKEY0

Table 33. Description of the WDKEY Bits

Bit Symbol Function

7 to 0

WDKEY7 to

WDKEY0

Enable or disable Watchdog Timer. 01010101 (=55h): disable watchdog timer. Others: enable watchdog timer

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Page 47

Watchdog reset pulse width depends on the clock

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frequency. The reset period is Tf The RESET

pulse width is Tf

OSC

x 12 x 222.

OSC

x 12 x 215.

uPSD3212A, uPSD3212C, uPSD3212C V

Figure 21. RESET

Pulse Width

Reset pulse width (about 10ms at 40Mhz, about 50ms at 8Mhz)

Reset period

(1.258 second at 40Mhz)

(about 6.291 seconds at 8Mhz)

AI06823

Table 34. Watchdog Timer Clear Register (WDRST: 0A6H)

76543210

Reserved WDRST6 WDRST5 WDRST4 WDRST3 WDRST2 WDRST1 WDRST0

Table 35. Description of the WDRST Bits

Bit Symbol Function

7—Reserved

6 to 0

Note: The Watchdog Timer (WD T ) i s enabled at po wer-up or res et a nd m ust be served or di sabled.

WDRST6 to

WDRST0

To reset Watchdog Timer, write any value beteen 00h and 7Eh to this register. This value is loaded to the 7 most significant bits of the 22-bit counter. For example: MOV WDRST,#1EH

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Page 48

uPSD3212A, uPSD3212C, uPSD3212CV

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TIMER/ CO UNTERS (TIMER 0, TIMER 1 AND TIMER 2)

The uPSD321x Devices has three 16-bit Timer/ Counter registers: Timer 0, Timer 1 and Timer 2. All of them can be confi gured to operate either as timers or event counters and are compa tible with standard 8032 architecture.

In the “Timer” function, the register is incremented every machine cycle. Thus, one can think of it as counting machine cycles. Since a machine cycle consists of 6 CPU clock periods, the count rate is 1/6 of the CPU clock frequency or 1/12 of Oscillator Frequency (f

OSC

In the “Counter” function, the register is incremented in response to a 1-to-0 transition at its corresponding external input pin, T0 or T1. In this function, the external input is sampled during S5P2 of every machine cycle . When the sam ples show a high in one cycle and a low in the next cycle, the count is incremented. The new count value appears in the register during S3P1 of the cycle

Table 36. Control Register (TCON)

76543210

TF1 TR1 TF0 TR0 IE1 IT1 IE0 IT0

following the one in which the transition was detected. Since it takes 2 machine cycles (24 f clock periods) to recognize a 1-to-0 transition, the maximum count rate is 1/24 of the f

. There are

OSC

no restrictions o n the duty cycl e of the extern al input signal, but to ensure that a given level is sampled at least once before it changes, it shoul d be held for at least one full cycle. In addition to the “Timer” or “Counter” selection, Timer 0 and Timer 1 have four operating modes from which to select.

Timer 0 and Tim er 1

The “Timer” or “Counter” function is selected by control bits C/T in the Special Function Register TMOD. These Timer/Counters have four ope rating modes, which are selected by bit-pairs (M1, M0) in TMOD. Modes 0, 1, and 2 are the same for Timers/ Counters. Mode 3 is different. The four operating modes are de-scribed in the following text.

OSC

Table 37. Description of the TCON Bits

Bit Symbol Function

7TF1

6 TR1 Timer 1 Run Control Bit. Set/cleared by software to turn Timer/Counter on or off

5TF0

4 TR0 Timer 0 Run Control Bit. Set/cleared by software to turn Timer/Counter on or off

3IE1

2IT1

1IE0

0IT0

Timer 1 overflow Flag. Set by hardware on Timer/Counter overflow. Cleared by hardware when processor vectors to interrupt routine

Timer 0 Overflow Flag. Set by hardier on Timer/Counter overflow. Cleared by hardware when processor vectors to interrupt routine

Interrupt 1 Edge Flag. Set by hardware when external interrupt edge detected. Cleared when interrupt processed

Interrupt 1 Type Control Bit. Set/cleared by software to specify falling-edge/low-level triggered external interrupt

Interrupt 0 Edge Flag. Set by hardware when external interrupt edge detected. Cleared when interrupt processed

Interrupt 0 Type Control Bit. Set/cleared by software to specify falling-edge/low-level triggered external interrupt

Table 38. TMOD Register (TMOD)

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Gate C/T

M1 M0 Gate C/T M1 M0

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Table 39. Description of the TMOD Bits

Bit Symbol Timer Function

7Gate

6C/T

5 M1 (M1,M0)=(0,0): 13-bit Timer/Counter, TH1, with TL1 as 5-bit prescaler

4M0

3Gate

2C/T

1 M1 (M1,M0)=(0,0): 13-bit Timer/Counter, TH0, with TL0 as 5-bit prescaler

0M0

Timer 1

Timer 0

Gating control when set. Timer/Counter 1 is enabled only while INT1 pin is High and TR1 control pin is set. When cleared, Timer 1 is enabled whenever TR1 control bit is set

Timer or Counter selector, cleared for timer operation (input from internal system clock); set for counter operation (input from T1 input pin)

(M1,M0)=(0,1): 16-bit Timer/Counter. TH1 and TL1 are cascaded. There is no prescaler. (M1,M0)=(1,0): 8-bit auto-reload Timer/Counter. TH1 holds a value which is to be reloaded into TL1 each time it overflows (M1,M0)=(1,1): Timer/Counter 1 stopped

Gating control when set. Timer/Counter 0 is enabled only while INT0 pin is High and TR0 control pin is set. When cleared, Timer 0 is enabled whenever TR0 control bit is set

Timer or Counter selector, cleared for timer operation (input from internal system clock); set for counter operation (input from T0 input pin)

(M1,M0)=(0,1): 16-bit Timer/Counter. TH0 and TL0 are cascaded. There is no prescaler. (M1,M0)=(1,0): 8-bit auto-reload Timer/Counter. TH0 holds a value which is to be reloaded into TL0 each time it overflows (M1,M0)=(1,1): TL0 is an 8-bit Timer/Counter controlled by the standard TImer 0 control bits. TH0 is an 8-bit timer only controlled by Timer 1 control bits

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Mode 0. Putting either Timer into Mode 0 makes it look like an 8048 Timer, which is an 8-bit Counter with a divide-by-32 prescaler. Figure 22 shows the Mode 0 operation as it applies to Timer 1.

In this mode, the Timer register is configured as a 13-bit register. As the count rolls o ver from al l '1s' to all '0s,' it sets the Timer Interrupt Flag TF1. The counted input is enabled to the Timer when TR1 = 1 and either GATE = 0 or /INT1 = 1. (Setting GATE = 1 allows the Timer to be controlled by external input /INT1, to facilitate pulse width measurements). TR1 is a control bit in the Special Function Register TCON (TCON Control Register). GATE is in TMOD.

Figure 22. Ti m er/Counter Mode 0: 13- bit Coun t er

OSC

T1 pin

TR1

÷ 12

C/T = 0 C/T = 1

Control

The 13-bit register consists of all 8 bits of TH1 and the lower 5 bits of TL1. The upper 3 bits of TL1 are indeterminate and shou ld be ignored. Set ting the run flag does not clear the registers.

Mode 0 operation is the same for the Timer 0 as for Timer 1. Substitute TR0, TF0, and /INT0 for the corresponding Timer 1 signals in Figure 22. There are two different GATE Bits, one for Timer 1 and one for Timer 0.

Mode 1. Mode 1 is the same as Mode 0, except that the Timer register is being run with all 16 bits.

TL1

(5 bits)

TH1

(8 bits)

TF1 Interrupt

Gate

INT1 pin

AI06622

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Mode 2. Mode 2 configures the T im er register as an 8-bit Counter (TL1) with a utomatic reload, as shown in Figure 23. Overflow from TL1 not only sets TF1, but also reloads TL1 with the contents of TH1, which is preset by software. The reload leaves TH1 unchanged. Mode 2 operation is the same for Timer/Counter 0.

Timer 2

Like Timer 0 and 1, Timer 2 can operate as either an event timer or as an event counter. This is selected by Bit C/T2 in the special function register T2CON (see Table 40). It has three operating modes: Capture, Auto-reload, and Baud Rate Generator (see Table 41., page 52), which are selected by bits in the T2CON as shown in Table

42., page 52. In the Capture M ode there are two

options which are selected by Bit EXEN2 in T2CON. if EXEN2 = 0, then Timer 2 is a 16-bit timer or counter which upon overflowing sets Bit TF2, the Timer 2 overflow bit, which can be used to generate an interrupt. If EXEN2 = 1, then Timer 2 still does the above, but with the added feature that a

Figure 23. Timer/Counter Mode 2: 8-bit Auto-reload

1-to-0 transition at external input T2EX causes the current value in the Timer 2 registers, TL2 and TH2, to be captured into registers RCAP2L and RCAP2H, respectively. In addition, the transition at T2EX causes Bit EXF2 in T2CON to be set, and EXF2 like TF2 can generate an interrupt. The Capture Mode is illustrated in Figure 24., page 53.

In the Auto-reload Mode, there are again two options, wh ich are se lected by bit EXEN2 in T2C O N . If EXEN2 = 0, then when Timer 2 rolls over it not only sets TF2 but a lso causes th e Timer 2 registers to be reloaded with the 16-bit value in registers RCAP2L and RCAP2H, which are preset by software. If EXEN2 = 1, then Timer 2 still does the above, but with the added feature that a 1-to-0 transition at external input T2EX will also trigger the 16-bit reload and set EXF2. The Auto-reload Mode is illustrated in Standard Serial Interface (UART) Figure 25., page 53. The Baud Rate Generation Mode is selected by (RCLK, RCLK1) = 1 and/or (TCLK, TCLK1) = 1. It will be described in conjunction with the serial port.

Gate

INT1 pin

OSC

T1 pin

TR1

÷ 12

C/T = 0 C/T = 1

Control

TL1

(8 bits)

TH1

(8 bits)

TF1 Interrupt

AI06623

Table 40. Timer/Counter 2 Control Register (T2CON)

76543210

TF2 EXF2 RCLK TCLK EXEN2 TR2 C/T

2CP/RL2

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Table 41. Timer/Counter 2 Operating Mo des

T2CON

Mode

16-bit Auto-

reload

RxCLK

TxCLK

0 0 1 0 0 x reload upon overflow 0010 1↓ reload trigger (falling edge) 0 0 1 1 x 0 Down counting 0 0 1 1 x 1 Up counting

CP/

T2MOD

TR2 Internal

DECN

T2CON

EXEN

P1.1

T2EX

Remarks

Input Clock

/12

OSC

External (P1.0/T2)

MAX

/24

OSC

16-bit

011x 0x

Capture

011x 1↓

1x1x 0x

Baud Rate

Generator

1x1x 1↓

Off x x 0 x x x Timer 2 stops — —

Note: ↓ = falling edge

16-bit Timer/Counter (only up counting)

Capture (TH1,TL2) → (RCAP2H,RCAP2L)

No Overflow Interrupt Request (TF2)

Extra External Interrupt (Timer 2)

OSC

/12

Table 42. Description of the T2CON Bits

Bit Symbol Function

7TF2

6EXF2

RCLK

TCLK

Timer 2 Overflow Flag. Set by a Timer 2 overflow, and must be cleared by software. TF2 will not be set when either (RCLK, RCLK1)=1 or (TCLK, TCLK)=1

Timer 2 External Flag set when either a capture or reload is caused by a negative transition on T2EX and EXEN2=1. When Timer 2 Interrupt is enabled, EXF2=1 will cause the CPU to vector to the Timer 2 Interrupt routine. EXF2 must be cleared by software

Receive Clock Flag (UART 1). When set, causes the serial port to use Timer 2 overflow

(1)

pulses for its receive clock in Modes 1 and 3. TCLK=0 causes Timer 1 overflow to be used for the receive clock

Transmit Clock Flag (UART 1). When set, causes the serial port to use Timer 2 overflow

(1)

pulses for its transmit clock in Modes 1 and 3. TCLK=0 causes Timer 1 overflow to be used for the transmit clock

MAX

OSC

MAX

OSC

/24

3 EXEN2

2 TR2 Start/stop control for Timer 2. A logic 1 starts the timer

1C/T

0CP/RL

Note: 1. The RCLK1 and T CLK1 Bits in the PCON Register control UART 2, and have the same function as RCLK and TCLK.

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Timer 2 External Enable Flag. When set, allows a capture or reload to occur as a result of a negative transition on T2EX if Timer 2 is not being used to clock the serial port. EXEN2=0 causes Time 2 to ignore events at T2EX

Timer or Counter Select for Timer 2. Cleared for timer operation (input from internal

system clock, t Capture/Reload Flag. When set, capture will occur on negative transition of T2EX if

EXEN2=1. When cleared, auto-reload will occur either with TImer 2 overflows, or

negative transitions of T2EX when EXEN2=1. When either (RCLK, RCLK1)=1 or (TCLK, TCLK)=1, this bit is ignored, and timer is forced to auto-reload on Timer 2 overflow

); set for external event counter operation (negative edge triggered)

CPU

Page 53

Figure 24. Tim er 2 in Cap t ure Mode

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uPSD3212A, uPSD3212C, uPSD3212C V

OSC

T2 pin

T2EX pin

÷ 12

Transition

Detector

C/T2 = 0

C/T2 = 1

TR2

EXEN2

Control

Capture

Control

Figure 25. Tim er 2 in Aut o- Re l oad Mode

TL2

(8 bits)

RCAP2L

TH2

(8 bits)

RCAP2H

TF2

Timer 2 Interrupt

EXP2

AI06625

OSC

T2 pin

T2EX pin

÷ 12

Transition

Detector

C/T2 = 0

C/T2 = 1

TR2

EXEN2

Control

Reload

Control

TL2

(8 bits)

RCAP2L

TH2

(8 bits)

RCAP2H

TF2

Timer 2 Interrupt

EXP2

AI06626

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Mode 3. Timer 1 in Mode 3 simply holds its count. The effect is the same as setting TR1 = 0.

Timer 0 in Mode 3 establishes TL0 and TH0 as two separate counters. The logic for Mode 3 on Timer 0 is shown in Figure 26. TL0 uses the Timer 0 control Bits: C/T, GATE, TR0, INT0, an d TF0. TH0 is locked into a timer function (counting machine cycles) and takes over the use of TR1 and TF1 from

Mode 3 is provided for applications requiring an extra 8-bit timer on the counter. With Timer 0 in Mode 3, an uPSD321x Devices can look like it has three Timer/Counters. When Timer 0 is in Mode 3, Timer 1 can be turned on and off by switching it out of and into its own Mode 3, or can still be used by the serial port as a baud rate generator, or in fact, in any application not requiring an interrupt.

Timer 1. Thus, TH0 now controls the “Timer 1“ Interrupt.

Figure 26. Timer/Counter Mode 3: Two 8-bit Counters

Gate

INT0 pin

OSC

T0 pin

TR0

÷ 12

C/T = 0 C/T = 1

Control

TL0

(8 bits)

TF0 Interrupt

OSC

÷ 12

TR1

Control

TH1

(8 bits)

TF1 Interrupt

AI06624

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Page 55

STANDARD SERIAL INTERFACE (UART)

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The uPSD321x Devices provides two standard 8032 UART serial ports. The first port is connected to pin P3.0 (RX) and P3.1 (TX). The second port is connected to pin P1.2 (RX) and P1.3(TX). The operation of the two serial ports are the same and are controlled by the SCON and SCON2 registers.

The serial port is full duplex, meaning it can transmit and receive simultaneously. It is also rec eivebuffered, meaning it can commence reception of a second byte before a previously received byte has been read from the register. (However, if the first byte still has not been read by the time reception of the second byte is complete, one of the bytes will be lost.) The serial port receive and transmit registers are both accessed at Special Function Register SBUF (or SBUF2 for the second serial port). Writing to SBUF load s th e t ransmi t register, and reading SBUF accesses a physically separate receive register.

The serial port can operate in 4 modes: Mode 0. Serial data enters and exits through

RxD. TxD outputs the shift clock. 8 bits are transmitted/received (LSB first). The b aud rate is f ixed at 1/12 the f

Mode 1. 10 bits are transmitte d (through TxD) or received (through RxD): a start Bit (0), 8 dat a bi ts (LSB first), and a Stop Bit (1). On receive, t he Stop Bit goes into RB8 in Special Function Register SCON. The baud rate is variable.

Mode 2. 11 bits are transmitte d (through TxD) or received (through RxD): start Bit (0), 8 data bits (LSB first), a programmable 9th data bit, and a Stop Bit (1). On Transmit, the 9th data bit (TB8 in SCON) can be assigned the value of '0' or '1.' Or, for example, the Parity Bit (P, in the PSW) could be moved into TB8. O n receive, the 9th data bit goes into RB8 in Special Function Register SCON, while the Stop Bit is ignored. The baud rate is programmable to either 1/32 or 1/64 the oscillator frequency.

OSC

uPSD3212A, uPSD3212C, uPSD3212C V

Mode 3. 11 bits are transmitte d (through TxD) or

received (through RxD): a Start Bit (0), 8 data bits (LSB first), a programmable 9th data bit, and a Stop Bit (1). In fact, Mode 3 is the same as Mode 2 in all respects except baud rate. Th e baud rate in Mode 3 is vari able.

In all four modes, transmission is initiated by any instruction that uses SBUF as a d estinati on register. Reception is initiated in Mode 0 by the co ndition RI = 0 and REN = 1. Reception is initiated in the other modes by the incoming start bit if REN =

Multiprocessor Communicati ons

Modes 2 an d 3 have a special prov ision for m ultiprocessor communications. In these modes, 9 data bits are received. The 9th one goes into RB8. Then comes a Stop Bit. The port can be programmed such that when the Stop Bit is received, the serial port interrupt will be activated only if RB8 = 1. This feature is enabled by setting Bit SM2 in SCON. A way to use this feature in mul ti-processor systems is as follows:

When the master processor wants to transmit a block of data to one of several slaves, it first sends out an address byte which identifies the target slave. An address byte differs from a data byt e in that the 9th bit is '1' in an ad dress by te an d 0 in a data byte. With SM2 = 1, no slave will be interrupted by a data byte. An ad-dress byte, however, will interrupt all slaves, so that e ach slave can e xamine the received byte and see if it is being addressed. The addressed slave will c lear its SM2 Bit and prepare to receive the d ata bytes that wi ll be coming. The slaves that weren’t being addressed leave their SM2s set and go on about their business, ignoring the coming data bytes.

SM2 has no effect in Mode 0, and in Mode 1 can be used to check the validity of the Stop B it. In a Mode 1 reception, if SM2 = 1, the Receive Interrupt will n ot b e a c t iv ated unless a valid Sto p B it is received.

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Serial Port Control Register

The serial port control and status register is the Special Function Register SCON (SCON2 for the second port), shown in Figure 27. This register (see Tables 43 and 44) contains not only the mode

Figure 27. Serial Port Mode 0, Block Diagram

Internal Bus

Write

SBUF

Zero Detector

selection bits, but also the 9th data bit for transmit and receive (TB8 and RB8), and the Serial Port Interrup t Bits (T I a n d RI).

RxD P3.0 Alt Output Function

Shift

Send

Receive

Shift

Clock

RxD P3.0 Alt Input Function

TxD P3.1 Alt Output Function

AI06824

REN

Serial

Port

Interrupt

Start

Tx Clock

Rx Clock Start

Load

SBUF

Read

SBUF

Tx Control

Rx Control

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Input Shift Register

SBUF

Internal Bus

Table 43. Serial Port Control Register (SCON)

76543210

SM0 SM1 SM2 REN TB8 RB8 TI RI

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Table 44. Description of the SCON Bits

Bit Symbol Function

7 SM0 (SM1,SM0)=(0,0): Shift Register. Baud rate = f

(SM1,SM0)=(1,0): 8-bit UART. Baud rate = variable

6SM1

5SM2

4REN

3TB8

2RB8

1TI

0RI

(SM1,SM0)=(0,1): 8-bit UART. Baud rate = f (SM1,SM0)=(1,1): 8-bit UART. Baud rate = variable

Enables the multiprocessor communication features in Mode 2 and 3. In Mode 2 or 3, if SM2 is set to '1,' RI will not be activated if its received 8th data bit (RB8) is '0.' In Mode 1, if SM2=1, RI will not be activated if a valid Stop Bit was not received. In Mode 0, SM2 should be '0'

Enables serial reception. Set by software to enable reception. Clear by software to disable reception

The 8th data bit that will be transmitted in Modes 2 and 3. Set or clear by software as desired

In Modes 2 and 3, this bit contains the 8th data bit that was received. In Mode 1, if SM2=0, RB8 is the Snap Bit that was received. In Mode 0, RB8 is not used

Transmit Interrupt Flag. Set by hardware at the end of the 8th bit time in Mode 0, or at the beginning of the Stop Bit in the other modes, in any serial transmission. Must be cleared by software

Receive Interrupt Flag. Set by hardware at the end of the 8th bit time in Mode 0, or halfway through the Stop Bit in the other modes, in any serial reception (except for SM2). Must be cleared by software

OSC

/12

OSC

/64 or f

OSC

/32

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Baud Rates. T he baud rate in Mode 0 is fixed: Mode 0 Baud Rate = f The baud rate in Mode 2 depends on the value of

Bit SMOD = 0 (whi ch is the value on reset), the baud rate is 1/64 the oscillator frequency. If SMOD = 1, the baud rate is 1/32 the oscillator frequency.

Mode 2 Baud Rate = (2 In the uPSD321x Devices, the baud rates in

Modes 1 and 3 are determined by the Timer 1 overflow rate.

Using Timer 1 to Generate Baud Ra te s. When Timer 1 is used as the baud rate generator, the baud rates in Modes 1 and 3 a re determined by the Timer 1 overflow rate and the value of SMOD as follows (see Table 45., page 59):

Mode 1,3 Baud Rate =

SMOD

(2 The Timer 1 Interrupt should be di sabled in this

application. The Timer itself can be conf igured for either “timer” or “counter” operation, and in any of its 3 running modes. In the m ost typical applications, it is configured for “timer” operation, in the Auto-reload Mode (high nibble of TMOD = 0010B). In that case the baud rate is given by the formula:

Mode 1,3 Baud Rate = (2 One can achieve very low baud rates with Timer 1

by leaving the Timer 1 Interrupt enabled, and configuring the Timer to run as a 16-bit t imer (high nibble of TMOD = 0001B), and using the Timer 1 Interrupt to do a 16-bit software reload. Figure

22., page 50 lists various commonly used baud

rates and how they can be obtained from Timer 1.

Using Timer/Counter 2 to Generate Baud Rates. In the uPSD321x Devices, Timer 2 select-

ed as the baud rate generator by setting TCLK and/or RCLK (see Figure 22., page 50 Timer/ Counter 2 Control Register (T2CON)).

Note: The baud rate for transmit and receive can be simultaneously different. Setting RCLK and/or TCLK puts Timer into its Baud Rate Generator Mode.

The RCLK and TCLK Bits in the T2CON register configure UART 1. The RCLK1 and TCLK1 Bits in the PCON register configure UART 2.

/ 32) x (Timer 1 overflow rate)

SMOD

/ 32) x (f

OSC

/ 12

OSC

SMOD

/ 64) x f

/ (12 x [256 – (TH1)]))

OSC

The Baud Rate Generator Mode is similar to the Auto-reload Mode, in that a roll over in TH2 causes the Timer 2 registers to be reloaded with the 16-bit value in registers RCAP2H and RCAP2L, which are preset by software.

Now, the baud rates in Modes 1 and 3 are determined at Timer 2’s overflow rate as follows:

Mode 1,3 Baud Rate = Timer 2 Overflow Rate / 16 The timer can be configured for either “timer” or

“counter” operation. In the most typical applications, it is configured for “timer” operation (C/ T2 =

0). “Timer” operation is a little different for Timer 2 when it’s being used as a baud rate generator. Normally, as a timer it would increment every machine cycle (thus at the 1/6 the CPU clock frequency). In the case, the baud rate is given by the formula:

Mode 1,3 Baud Rate = f (RCAP2H, RCAP2L)]

where (RCAP2H, RCAP2L) is the content of RC2H and RC2L taken as a 16-bit unsigned integer.

Timer 2 also be used as the Baud Rate Generating Mode. This mode is valid only if RCLK + TCLK = 1 in T2CON or in PCON.

Note: A roll-over in TH2 does not set TF2, and will not generate an interrupt. Therefore, the Timer interrupt does not have to be disabled when Timer 2 is in the Baud Rate Generator Mode.

Note: If EXEN2 is set, a 1-to-0 transition in T2EX will set EXF2 but will not cause a reload from (RCAP2H, RCAP2L) to (TH2, TL2). Thus when Timer 2 is in use as a baud rate gene rator, T2EX can be used as an extra external interrupt, if desired.

It should be noted that when Timer 2 is running (TR2 = 1) in “timer” function in the Baud Rate Generator Mode, one should not try to READ or WRITE TH2 or TL2. Un der these conditions the timer is being incremented every state time, and the results of a READ or WRITE may not be accurate. The RC registers may be read, but should not be written to, because a WRITE might overlap a reload and cause WRITE and/or reload errors. Turn the timer off (clear TR2) before accessing the Timer 2 or RC registers, in this case.

/ (32 x [65536 -

OSC

58/163

Page 59

uPSD3212A, uPSD3212C, uPSD3212C V

www.BDTIC.com/ST

Table 45. Timer 1-Generated Commonly Used Baud Rates

Baud Rate

Mode 0 Max: 1MHz 12MHz X X X X

Mode 2 Max: 375K 12MHz 1 X X X

Modes 1, 3: 62.5K 12MHz 1 0 2 FFh

19.2K 11.059MHz 1 0 2 FDh

9.6K 11.059MHz 0 0 2 FDh

4.8K 11.059MHz 0 0 2 FAh

2.4K 11.059MHz 0 0 2 F4h

1.2K 11.059MHz 0 0 2 E8h

137.5 11.059MHz 0 0 2 1Dh 110 6MHz 0 0 2 72h 110 12MHz 0 0 1 FEEBh

OSC

SMOD Timer 1

C/T Mode Reload Value

More Abo ut Mode 0. Serial data enters and exits

through RxD. TxD outputs the shift clock. 8 bits are transmitted/received: 8 data bits (LS B first). The baud rate is fixed at 1/12 the f

Figure 27., page 56 shows a simplified functional

diagram of the serial port in Mode 0, and associated timing.

Transmission is initiated by any instruction that uses SBUF as a destination register. The “WRITE to SBUF” signal at S6P2 also loads a '1' into the 9th position of the trans mit shift register and tells the TX Control block to commence a transmission. The internal timing is such that one f ull machine cycle will e lapse bet ween “WR ITE to SBUF ” and activation of SEND.

SEND enables the output of the shift register to the alternate out-put function line of RxD and also enable SHIFT CLOCK to the alternate output function line o f TxD. SH IFT CLOC K is lo w during S3, S4, and S5 of every mac hine cycle , and high during S6, S1, and S2. At S6P2 of every machine cycle in which SEND is active, the contents of t he transmit shift are shifted to the right one position.

As data bits shift out to the right, zeros come in from the left. When the MS B o f the da ta b yte is at the output position of the shift register, then the '1' that was initially loaded into the 9th position, is just

OSC

to the left of the MSB, and all positions to the left of that contain zeros. This condition flags the TX Control block to do one last shift and then dea ctivate SEND and set T1. Both of these actions occur at S1P1. Both of these actions occur at S1P1 of the 10th machine cycle after “WRITE to SBUF.”

Reception is initiated by the condition REN = 1 and R1 = 0. At S6P2 of the next machi ne cycl e, the RX Control unit writes the bits 11111110 to the receive shift register, and in the next clock phase activates RECEIVE.

RECEIVE enables SHIFT CLOCK to the alternate output function line of TxD. SHIFT CLOCK makes transitions at S3P1 and S6P1 of every machine cycle in which RECEIVE is ac tive, the conten ts of the receive shift register are shifted to the left one position. The value that com es in from the right is the value that was sampled at the RxD pin at S5P2 of the same machine cycle.

As data bits come in from the right, '1s' shift out to the left. When the '0' that was initially loaded into the right-most position arrives at the left-most position in the shift register, it flags the RX Control block to do one last shift and load SBUF. At S1P1 of the 10th machine cycle after the WRITE to SCON that cleared RI, RECEIVE is cleared as RI is set.

59/163

Page 60

uPSD3212A, uPSD3212C, uPSD3212CV

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Figure 28. Serial Port Mode 0, Waveforms

Write to SBUF

Send

Shift

RxD (Data Out)

TxD (Shift Clock)

Write to SCON

Receive

Shift

RxD (Data In)

TxD (Shift Clock)

S6P2

D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7

S3P1 S6P1

Clear RI

D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7

More Abo ut Mode 1. Ten bits are transmitted (through TxD), or received (through RxD): a start Bit (0), 8 data bits (LSB first). and a Stop Bit (1). On receive, the Stop Bit goes into RB8 in SCON. In the uPSD321x Devices the baud rate is determined by the Timer 1 or Timer 2 overflow rate.

Figure 29., page 61 shows a simplified functional

diagram of the serial port in Mode 1, and associated timings for transmit receive.

Transmission is initiated by any instruction that uses SBUF as a destination register. The “WRITE to SBUF” signal also loads a '1' into the 9th bit position of the transmit shift register and flags the TX Control unit that a transmission is requested. Transmission actually commenc es at S1P1 of the machine cycle following the next rollover in the divide-by-16 counter. (Thus, the bit times are synchronized to the divide-by-16 counter, not to the “WRITE to SBUF” signal.)

The transmission beg ins with activation of SE ND which puts the start bit at TxD. One bit time l ater, DATA is activated, which enables the output bit of the transmit shift register to TxD. The first shift pulse occurs one bit time after that.

As data bits shift out to the right, zeros are clocked in from the left (see Figu re 30., page 61). W hen the MSB of the data byte is at t he output position of the shift register, then the '1' that was in itially loaded into the 9th position is just to the left of the MSB, and all positions to the left of t hat contain zeros. This condition flags the TX Control unit to do one last shift and then deactivate SEND and set TI. This occurs at the 10th divide-by-16 rollover after “W R I T E to SBUF.”

Reception is initiated by a detected 1-to-0 transition at RxD. For this purpose RxD is sampled at a

Transmit

Receive

AI06825

rate of 16 times what ever baud rate has bee n established. When a transition is detected, the divide-by-16 counter is immediately reset, and 1FFH is written into the input shift register. Resetting the divide-by-16 counter aligns its roll-overs with the boundaries of the incoming bit times.

The 16 states of the counter divide each bit time into 16ths. At the 7 th, 8th, an d 9th counter sta tes of each bit time, the bit detector samples the value of RxD. The value accepted is the value that was seen in at least 2 of the 3 samples. This is done for noise rejection. If the value accepted during the first bit time is not '0,' the receive circuits are reset and the unit goes back to looking for an-other 1-to0 transition. This is to provide rejection of false start bits. If the start bit proves valid, it is s hifted into the input shift register, and reception of the reset of the rest of the frame will proceed.

As data bits come in from the right, '1s' shift out to the left. When the start bit arrives at the left-most position in the shift register (which in Mode 1 is a 9-bit register), it flags the RX Control block to do one last shift, load SBUF and RB8, and set RI. The signal to load SBUF and RB8, and to set RI, will be generated if, and only if, the following conditions are met at the time the final shift pulse is generated:

1. R1 = 0, and

2. E ither S M2 = 0, or the received Stop Bit = 1. If either of these two conditions is not m et, the re-

ceived frame is irretrievably lost. If both conditions are met, the Stop Bit goes into RB8, the 8 data bits go into SBUF, and RI is activated. At this time, whether the above condi tions are met or not, the unit goes back to looking for a 1-to-0 trans ition in RxD.

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Page 61

Figure 29. Serial Port Mode 1, Block Diagram

www.BDTIC.com/ST

uPSD3212A, uPSD3212C, uPSD3212C V

SMOD

TCLK

RCLK

Timer1

Overflow

÷2

Overflow

Timer2

Write

SBUF

RxD

Sample

1-to-0

Transition

Detector

÷16

Serial

Port

Interrupt

Rx Detector

TB8

Start

Tx Clock

÷16

Rx Clock Start

Load

SBUF

Internal Bus

SBUF

Zero Detector

Tx Control

Rx Control

1FFh

Input Shift Register

Shift

Send

Load SBUF

TxD

Data

Shift

Figure 30. Serial Port Mode 1, Waveforms

Tx Clock

Write to SBUF

Send

Data

Shift

TxD

Rx Clock

RxD

Bit Detector

Sample Times

Shift

S1P1

Start Bit

÷16 Reset

Start Bit

D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7

Read

SBUF

Internal Bus

Stop Bit

AI06826

Transmit

Receive

AI06843

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Page 62

uPSD3212A, uPSD3212C, uPSD3212CV

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More About Modes 2 and 3. Eleven bits are transmitted (through TxD), or received (through RxD): a Start Bit (0), 8 data bits (LS B first), a programmable 9th data bit, and a Stop Bit (1). On transmit, the 9th data b it (TB8) can be assigned the value of '0' or '1.' On receive, the data bit goes into RB8 in SCON. The baud rate is programmable to either 1/16 or 1/32 the CPU clock frequency in Mode 2. Mode 3 may have a variable baud rate generated from Timer 1.

Figure 31., page 63 and Figure 33., page 64 show

a functional diagram of the seria l port in Mo des 2 and 3. The receive portion is exactly the same as in Mode 1. The transmit portion differs from M ode 1 only in the 9th bit of the transmit shift register.

Transmission is initiated by any instruction that uses SBUF as a destination register. The “WRITE to SBUF” signal also loads TB8 into the 9th bit position of the transmit shift register and flags the TX Control unit that a transmission is requested. Transmission commences at S1P1 of the machine cycle following the next roll-over i n the divide-by16 counter. (Thus, the bit t imes are synchronized to the divide-by-16 counter, not to the “WRITE to SBUF” signal.)

The transmission begins with activation of SEND, which puts the start bit at TxD. One bit time l ater, DATA is activated, which enables the output bit of the transmit shift register to TxD. The first shift pulse occurs one bit time after that (see Figure

32., page 63 and Figure 34., page 64). The first

shift clocks a '1' (the Stop Bit) into the 9th bit positi on of th e shi ft re gis te r. T her e- aft er, onl y z ero s ar e clocked in. Thus, as data bits shift out to the right, zeros are clocked in from the l eft. When TB8 is at the out-put position of the shift register, then the Stop Bit is just to the left of TB8, and all positions to the left of that contain zeros. This condition flags the TX Control unit to do one last shift and then de-

activate SEND and set TI. This occurs at the 11th divide-by 16 rollover after “WRITE to SUBF.”

Reception is initiated by a detected 1-to-0 transition at RxD. For this purpose RxD is sampled at a rate of 16 times what ever baud rate has bee n established. When a transition is detected, the divide-by-16 counter is immediately reset, and 1FFH is written to the input shift register.

At the 7th, 8th, and 9th counter sta tes of each bit time, the bit detector sam ples the value of R-D. The value accepted is the value that was seen in at least 2 of the 3 samples. If the value accepted during the first bit time is not '0,' the receive circuits are reset and the unit goes back to looking for another 1- to-0 tran siti on. If th e S tart Bit proves valid, it is shifted into the input s hi ft register, and reception of the rest of the frame will proceed.

As data bits come in from the right, '1s' shift out to the left. When the Start Bit arrives at the l eft-m ost position in the shift register (which in Modes 2 and 3 is a 9-bit register), it flags the RX Control block to do one last shift, load SBUF and RB8, and set RI.

The signal to load SBUF a nd RB8, a nd to set RI, will be generated if, and only if, the following conditions are met at th e time the final shift pulse is generated:

1. RI = 0, and

2. Either SM2 = 0, or the received 9th data bit = 1 If either of these conditions is not met, the received

frame is irretrievably lost, and RI is not set. If both conditions are met, the recei ve d 9th dat a bit goes into RB8, and the first 8 data bits go into SBUF. One bit time later, whether the above conditions were met or not, the unit goes bac k to looking for a 1-to-0 transition at the RxD input.

62/163

Page 63

Figure 31. Serial Port Mode 2, Block Diagram

www.BDTIC.com/ST

uPSD3212A, uPSD3212C, uPSD3212C V

Phase2 Clock

1/2*f

OSC

÷2

SMOD

Write

SBUF

RxD

Sample

1-to-0

Transition

Detector

÷16

Serial

Port

Interrupt

Rx Detector

TB8

Start

Tx Clock

÷16

Rx Clock Start

Load

SBUF

Internal Bus

SBUF

Zero Detector

Tx Control

Rx Control

1FFh

Input Shift Register

Shift

Send

Load SBUF

TxD

Data

Shift

Figure 32. Serial Port Mode 2, Waveforms

Tx Clock

Write to SBUF

Send

Data

Shift

TxD

Stop Bit

Generator

Rx Clock

RxD

Bit Detector

Sample Times

Shift

S1P1

Start Bit

÷16 Reset

Start Bit

D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7

Read

SBUF

Internal Bus

TB8

RB8

Stop Bit

AI06844

Transmit

Receive

AI06845

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uPSD3212A, uPSD3212C, uPSD3212CV

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Figure 33. Serial Port Mode 3, Block Diagram

SMOD

TCLK

RCLK

Timer1

Overflow

÷2

Overflow

Timer2

Write

SBUF

RxD

Sample

1-to-0

Transition

Detector

÷16

Serial

Port

Interrupt

Rx Detector

TB8

Start

Tx Clock

÷16

Rx Clock Start

Load

SBUF

Internal Bus

SBUF

Zero Detector

Tx Control

Rx Control

1FFh

Input Shift Register

Shift

Send

Load SBUF

TxD

Data

Shift

Figure 34. Serial Port Mode 3, Waveforms

Tx Clock

Write to SBUF

Send

Data

Shift

TxD

Stop Bit

Generator

Rx Clock

RxD

Bit Detector

Sample Times

Shift

S1P1

Start Bit

÷16 Reset

Start Bit

D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7

Read

SBUF

Internal Bus

TB8

RB8

Stop Bit

AI06846

Transmit

Receive

AI06847

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Page 65

ANALO G-TO-DIGITAL CO NVERTO R (ADC)

www.BDTIC.com/ST

The analog to digital (A/D) c onverter allows conversion of an analog input to a corresponding 8-bit digital value. The A/D module has four analog inputs, which are multiplexed into one sample and hold. The output of the sample and hold is the input into the converter, which generates the result via successive approximation. The analog supply voltage is connected to AVREF of ladder resistance of A/D module.

The A/D module has two regi sters which are the control register ACON and A/D result register ADAT. The register ACON, shown in Table 46 and

Table 47., page 66, controls the ope ration of the

A/D converter module. To use analog inputs, I/O is selected by P1SFS register. Also an 8-bit prescaler ASCL divides the main system clock input down to approximately 6MHz clock that is required for the ADC logic. Appropriate values need to be loaded into the prescal er based upon the mai n MCU clock frequency prior to use.

The processing of conversion starts when the Start Bit ADST is set to '1.' After one cycle, it is cleared by hardware. The register AD AT cont ains the results of the A/D conversion. When conversion is completed, the result is loaded into the ADAT the A/D Conversion Status Bit ADSF is set to '1.'

The block diagram of the A/D module is shown in Figure 35. The A/D Status Bit ADSF is set auto-

matically when A/D conversion is completed, cleared when A/D conversion is in process.

The ASCL should be loaded with a value that results in a clock rate of approximately 6MHz for the ADC using the following formula (see Table

48., page 66):

ADC clock input = (f value +1)

Where f The conversion time f or the ADC can be calcula t-

ed as follows: ADC Conversion Time = 8 clock * 8bits * (ADC

Clock) ~= 10.67usec (at 6MHz)

ADC Interrupt

The ADSF Bit in the ACON register is set to '1' when the A/D conversion is complete. The status bit can be driven by the MCU, or it can be configured to generate a falling e dge i nterrupt wh en the conversion is complete.

The ADSF Interrupt is enabled by setting the ADSFINT Bit in the PCON register. Once the bit is set, the external INT1 Interrupt is disabled and the ADSF Interrupt takes over as INT1. INT1 must be configured as if it is an edge interrupt input. The INP1 pin (p3.3) is available for genera l I/O functions, or Timer1 gate control.

uPSD3212A, uPSD3212C, uPSD3212C V

/ 2) / (Prescaler register

OSC

is the MCU clock input frequency

OSC

Figure 35. A/D Block Diagram

AVREF

ACH0 ACH1 ACH2

ACH3

ACON

Input

MUX

S/H

Ladder

Resistor

INTERNAL BUS

Successive

Approximation

Circuit

Conversion

Complete

Interrupt

ADAT

AI06627

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Page 66

uPSD3212A, uPSD3212C, uPSD3212CV

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Table 46. ADC SFR Memory Map

SFR

Addr

Reg

Name

95 ASCL 00

76543210

Bit Register Name

Reset Value

Comments

8-bit

Prescaler for

ADC clock

96 ADAT ADAT7 ADAT6 ADAT5 ADAT4 ADAT3 ADAT2 ADAT1 A DAT0 00

97 ACON ADEN ADS1 ADS0 ADST ADSF 00

Table 47. Description of the ACON Bits

Bit Symbol Function

7 to 6 — Reserved

4—Reserved

3 to 2

ADEN ADC Enable Bit: 0 : ADC shut off and consumes no operating current

1 : enable ADC

ADS1, ADS0 Analog channel select

0, 0 0, 1 1, 0 1, 1

ADST ADC Start Bit: 0 : force to zero

ADSF ADC Status Bit: 0 : A/D conversion is in process

Channel0 (ACH0) Channel1 (ACH1) Channel2 (ACH2) Channel3 (ACH3)

1 : start an ADC; after one cycle, bit is cleared to '0'

1 : A/D conversion is completed, not in process

Table 48. ADC Clock Input

MCU Clock Frequency Prescaler Register Value ADC Clock

ADC Data

ADC Control

66/163

40MHz 2 6.7MHz 36MHz 2 6MHz 24MHz 1 6MHz 12MHz 0 6MHz

Page 67

PULSE WIDTH MODULATION (PWM)

www.BDTIC.com/ST

The PWM block has the following features:

■ Four-channel, 8-bit PWM unit with 16-bit

prescaler

■ One-channel, 8-bit unit with programmable

frequency and pulse width

■ PWM Output with programmable polarity

4-channel PWM Unit (PWM 0-3)

The 8-bit counter of a PWM counts modul e 256 (i.e., from 0 to 255, inclusive). The value held in the 8-bit counter is compared to the contents of the Special Function Register (PWM 0-3) of the corresponding PWM. T he pola rity of t he P WM o utputs is programmable and selected by the PWML Bit in PWMCON register. Provided the contents of a PWM 0-3 register is greater than the counter value, the corresponding PWM output is set HIGH (with PWML = 0). When the contents of this register is less than or equal to the counter value, the corresponding PWM output is set LOW (with PWML = 0). The pulse-width-ratio is therefore de-

uPSD3212A, uPSD3212C, uPSD3212C V

fined by the contents of the corresponding Special Function Register (PWM 0-3) o f a PWM . By loading the corresponding Spec ial Function Register (PWM 0-3) with either 00H or FFH, the P WM output can be retained at a constant HIGH or LOW level respectively (with PWML = 0).

For each PWM unit, there is a 16-bit Prescaler that are used to divide the main system clock to form the input clock for the correspondi ng PWM unit. This prescaler is used to define the desired repetition rate for the PWM unit. SFR registers B1h B2h are used to hold the 16-bit divisor values.

The repetition frequency of the PWM output is given by:

fPWM And the input clock frequency to the PWM

counters is = f See I/O PORTS (MCU Module), page 40 for more

information on how to configure the Port 4 pin as PWM output.

= (f

/ prescaler0) / (2 x 256)

OSC

/ 2 / (prescaler data value + 1)

OSC

67/163

Page 68

uPSD3212A, uPSD3212C, uPSD3212CV

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Figure 36. Four-Channel 8-bit PWM Block Diagram

DATA BUS

OSC

CPU rd/wr

16-bit Prescaler

(B2h,B1h)

16-bit Prescaler

Counter

8-bit PWM0-PWM3

Comparators Registers

8-bit PWM0-PWM3

clock

Data Registers

x 4

Comparators

8-bit Counter

Overflow

x 4

load

PWMCON bit7 (PWML)

Port4.3 Port4.4 Port4.5 Port4.6

load

PWMCON bit5 (PWME)

AI06647

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Page 69

uPSD3212A, uPSD3212C, uPSD3212C V

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Table 49. PWM SFR Memory Map

SFR

Reg Name

Addr

A1 PWMCON PWML PWMP PWME CFG4 CFG3 CFG2 CFG1 CFG0 00

76543210

Bit Register Name

Reset Value

Comment

PWM Control Polarity

A2 PWM0 00

A3 PWM1 00

A4 PWM2 00

A5 PWM3 00

AA PWM4P 00

AB PWM4W 00

B1 PSCL0L 00

B2 PSCL0H 00

B3 PSCL1L 00

B4 PSCL1H 00

PWM0 Output

Duty Cycle

PWM1 Output

Duty Cycle

PWM2 Output

Duty Cycle

PWM3 Output

Duty Cycle

PWM 4

Period

PWM 4

Pulse

Width

Prescaler 0

Low (8-bit)

Prescaler 0 High (8-bit)

Prescaler 1

Low (8-bit)

Prescaler 1 High (8-bit)

PWMCON Register Bit Definition: – PWML = PWM 0-3 polarity control – PWMP = PW M 4 polarity control – PWME = PW M enable (0 = disabled, 1=

enabled)

– CFG3..CFG0 = PWM 0-3 Output (0 = Open

Drain; 1 = Push-Pull)

– CFG4 = PWM 4 Output (0 = Open Drain; 1 =

Push-Pull)

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Page 70

uPSD3212A, uPSD3212C, uPSD3212CV

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Programm able Period 8-bit PWM

The PWM 4 chan nel can be program med to provide a PWM output with variable pulse wi dth and period. The PWM 4 has a 16-bi t Prescaler, an 8bit Counter, a Pulse Width Register, a nd a Period Register. The Pulse Width Register defines the

Figure 37. Programmable PWM 4 Channel Block Diagram

DATA BUS

PWM pulse width time, while the Period Regi ster defines the period of the P WM . The input clock to the Prescaler is f signed to Port 4.7.

/2. The PWM 4 channel is as-

OSC

CPU RD/WR

/ 2

PWMCON

Bit 5 (PWME)

16-bit Prescaler

(B4h, B3h)

16-bit Prescaler

Counter

Load

CPU RD/WR

8-bit PWM4P

8-bit PWM4 Comparator

PWM4

Control

Match

8-bit Counter

Clock

8-bit PWM4W

8-bit PWM4 Comparator

Reset

(Width)

Load

PWMCON

Bit 6 (PWMP)

Port 4.7

AI07091

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Page 71

uPSD3212A, uPSD3212C, uPSD3212C V

www.BDTIC.com/ST

PWM 4 Channel Operation

The 16-bit Prescaler1 divides the input clock

/2) to the desired frequency, the resulting

OSC

clock runs the 8-bit Counter of the PWM 4 channel. The input clock frequency to the PWM 4 Counter is:

f PWM 4 = (f

When the Prescaler1 Register (B4h, B3h) is set to data value '0,' the maximum input clock frequency to the PWM 4 Counter is f as 20MHz.

The PWM 4 Counter is a free-running, 8-bit counter. The output of the counter is compared t o the Compare Registers, which are loaded with data from the Pulse Width Register (PWM4W, ABh) and the Period Register (PWM4P, AAh). The Pulse Width Register defines the pulse duration or the Pulse Width, while the Period Register defines the period of the PWM. When the PWM 4 channel is enabled, the register values are l oaded into t he Comparator Registers and are compared to the

Figure 38. PW M 4 Wi th P rogrammab le P ul se W i dth a nd Frequency

/2)/(Prescaler1 data value +1)

OSC

/2 and can be as high

OSC

Counter output. When the content of the counter is equal to or greater than the value in the Pulse Width Register, it sets the PWM 4 output to low (with PWMP Bit = 0). When the Period Register equals to the PWM4 Counter, the Counter is cleared, and the PWM 4 channel output is set to logic 'high' level (beginning of the next PWM pulse).

The Period Register cannot have a value of “00” and its content should always be greater than the Pulse Width Register.

The Prescaler1 Register, Pulse Width Register, and Period Register can be modified while the PWM 4 channel is active. The values of these registers are automatically loaded into the Prescaler Counter and Comparator Registers when the current PWM 4 period ends.

The PWMCON Register (Bits 5 and 6) controls the enable/disable and polarity of the PWM 4 channel.

PWM4

Defined by Pulse

Width Register

Defined by Period Register

Switch Level

RESET Counter

AI07090

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Page 72

uPSD3212A, uPSD3212C, uPSD3212CV

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I2C INTERFAC E

The serial port supports the twin line I2C-bus, consisting of a data line (SDA1), and a clock line (SCL1) as shown in Figure 39. Depending on the configuration, the SDA1 and SCL1 lines may require pull-up resistors.

These lines also function as I/O port lines if the I bus is not enabled.

The system is unique because data transport, clock generation, address recognition, and bus control arbitration are all controlled by hardware.

C serial I/O has complete a uto nom y in byt e

The I handling and operates in 4 modes.

■ Master transmitter

■ Master receiver

Figure 39. Bl ock D i agram of the I

SDA1

C Bus Serial I/O

■ Slave transmitter

■ Slave receiver

These functions are controlled by the S FRs (see Tables 50, 51, and Table 52., page 73):

– S2CON: the control of byte handling and the

operation of 4 mode.

– S2STA: the contents of its register may also

be used as a vector to various service

routines. – S2DAT: data shift register. – S2ADR: slave address register. Slave

address recognition is performed by On-Chip

H/W.

Slave Address

Shift Register

Internal Bus

AI07430

SCL1

Arbitration and Sync. Logic

Bus Clock Generator

Control Register

Status Register

Table 50. Serial Control Register (S2CON)

76543210

CR2 ENII STA STO ADDR AA CR1 CR0

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uPSD3212A, uPSD3212C, uPSD3212C V

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Table 51. Description of the S2CON Bits

Bit Symbol Function

7CR2

6ENII

5STA

4STO

3 ADDR This bit is set when address byte was received. Must be cleared by software.

2AA

1CR1 0CR0

This bit along with Bits CR1and CR0 determines the serial clock frequency when SIO is in the Master Mode.

Enable IIC. When ENI1 = 0, the IIC is disabled. SDA and SCL outputs are in the high impedance state.

START Flag. When this bit is set, the SIO H/W checks the status of the I generates a START condition if the bus free. If the bus is busy, the SIO will generate a repeated START condition when this bit is set.

STOP Flag. With this bit set while in Master Mode a STOP condition is generated. When a STOP condition is detected on the I

Flag. Note: This bit have to be set before 1 cycle interrupt period of STOP. That is, if this bit is set, STOP condition in Master Mode is generated after 1 cycle interrupt period.

Acknowledge enable signal. If this bit is set, an acknowledge (low level to SDA) is returned during the acknowledge clock pulse on the SCL line when:

• Own slave address is received

• A data byte is received while the device is programmed to be a Master Receiver

• A data byte is received while the device is a selected Slave Receiver. When this bit is reset, no acknowledge is returned. SIO release SDA line as high during the acknowledge clock pulse.

These two bits along with the CR2 Bit determine the serial clock frequency when SIO is in the Master Mode.

C bus, the I2C hardware clears the STO

C-bus and

Table 52. Selection of the Serial Clock Frequency SCL in Master Mode

Divisor

CR2 CR1 CR0

0 0 0 16 375 750 X X 0 0 1 24 250 500 750 833 0 1 0 30 200 400 600 666 0 1 1 60 100 200 300 333 1 0 0 120 50 100 150 166 1 0 1 240 25 50 75 83 1 1 0 480 12.5 25 37.5 41 1 1 1 960 6.25 12.5 18.75 20

OSC

12MHz 24MHz 36MHz 40MHz

Bit Rate (kHz) at f

OSC

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Serial Status Register (S2STA)

S2STA is a “Read-only” register. The c ontents of this register may be used as a vector to a service routine. This optimized the response time o f the software and consequently that of the I status codes for all possible modes of the I

C bus. The

C bus

interface are given Table 54. This flag is set, and an interrupt is generated, after

any of the following events occur:

1. Own slave address has been received during AA = 1: ack_int

2. T he general call address has been received while GC(S2ADR.0) = 1 and AA = 1:

Table 53. Serial Status Register (S2STA)

76543210

GC STOP INTR TX_MODE BBUSY BLOST /ACK_REP SLV

Table 54. Description of the S2STA Bits

Bit Symbol Function

7 GC General Call Flag

3. A data byte has been rece ived or transmitted in Master Mode (even if arbitration is lost): ack_int

4. A data byte has been rece ived or transmitted as selected slave: ack_int

5. A stop condition is received as selected slave receiver or transmitter: stop_int

Data Shift Register (S2DAT)

S2DAT contains the serial data to be transmi tted or data which has just been received. The M SB (Bit 7) is transmitted or received first; that is, data shifted from right to left.

6 STOP Stop Flag. This bit is set when a STOP condition is received 5

4TX_MODE

3 BBUSY

2BLOST

1/ACK_REP

0SLV

Note: 1. Interrupt Flag Bit (IN T R, S2STA Bit 5) is cleared by H ardware as reading S2ST A register.

2. I

C Interrupt Flag (INTR) can occur in below case.

INTR

(1,2)

Interrupt Flag. This bit is set when an I²C Interrupt condition is requested Transmission Mode Flag.

This bit is set when the I²C is a transmitter; otherwise this bit is reset Bus Busy Flag.

This bit is set when the bus is being used by another master; otherwise, this bit is reset Bus Lost Flag.

This bit is set when the master loses the bus contention; otherwise this bit is reset Acknowledge Response Flag.

This bit is set when the receiver transmits the not acknowledge signal This bit is reset when the receiver transmits the acknowledge signal

Slave Mode Flag. This bit is set when the I²C plays role in the Slave Mode; otherwise this bit is reset

Table 55. Data Shift Register (S2DAT)

76543210

S2DAT7 S2DA T6 S2DAT5 S2DAT4 S2DAT3 S2DAT2 S2DAT1 S2DAT0

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Address Register (S2ADR)

This 8-bit register may be loaded with the 7-bit slave address to which the controller will respond when programmed as a slave receive/transmitter.

The Start/Stop Hold Time Detection and Sy stem

C unit to specify the start/stop detection time

the I to work with the large range of MCU frequency values supported. For example, with a system clock of 40MHz.

Clock registers (Tables 57 and 58) are included in

Table 56. Address Register (S2ADR)

76543210

SLA6 SLA5 SLA4 SLA3 SLA2 SLA1 SLA0 —

Note: SLA6 to SLA0: Own slave address.

Table 57. Start /Stop Hold Time Detection Register (S2SETUP)

Address Register Name Reset Value Note

SFR D2h S2SETUP 00h

To control the start/stop hold time detection for the multi-master I²C module in Slave Mode

Table 58. System Cock of 40MHz

S1SETUP,

S2SETUP Register

Value

00h 1EA 50ns

Number of Sample

Clock (f

OSC

50ns)

/2 – >

Required Start/ Stop Hold Time

Note

When Bit 7 (enable bit) = 0, the number of

sample clock is 1EA (ignore Bit 6 to Bit 0) 80h 1EA 50ns 81h 2EA 100ns 82h 3EA 150ns

... ... ...

8Bh 12EA 600ns Fast Mode I²C Start/Stop hold time specification

... ... ...

FFh 128EA 6000ns

Table 59. System Clock Setup E xamples

S1SETUP,

System Clock

40MHz (f

30MHz (f

20MHz (f

8MHz (f

/2 – > 50ns)

OSC

/2 – > 66.6ns)

OSC

/2 – > 100ns)

OSC

/2 – > 250ns)

OSC

S2SETUP Register

Value

8Bh 12 EA 600ns 89h 9 EA 600ns 86h 6 EA 600ns 83h 3 EA 750ns

Number of Sample

Clock

Required Start/Stop Hold Time

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USB HARD W ARE

The characteristics of USB h ardware are as follows:

■ Comp lie s w ith the U niv e rsal Serial B us

specification Rev. 1. 1

■ Integrated SIE (Serial Interface Engine), FIFO

memory and transceiver

■ Low speed (1.5Mbit/s) device capability

■ Supports control endpoint0 and interrupt

endpoint1 and 2

■ USB clock input must be 6MHz (requires MCU

clock frequency to be 12, 24, or 36MHz).

The analog front-end is an on-chip generic USB transceiver. It is designed to allow voltage levels equal to V with the physical layer of the Universal Serial Bus. It is capable of receiving and transmitting serial data at low speed (1.5Mb/s).

The SIE is the digital-front-end of the USB bl ock. This module recovers the 1.5MHz clock, detects the USB sync word and handles all low-level USB protocols and error checking. The bit-clock recovery circuit recovers the clock from the incoming

from the standard logic to interface

USB data stream and is able to track jitter and frequency drift according to the USB specification. The SIE also translates the electrical USB signals into bytes or signals. Depending upo n the device USB address and the USB endpoint.

Address, the USB data is directed to the c orrect endpoint on SIE interface. The data transfer of this H/W could be of type control or interrupt.

The device’s USB address and the enabling of the endpoints are programmable in the SIE configuration header.

USB related registers

The USB block is controlled via seven registers in the memory: (UADR, UCON0, UCON1, UCON2, UISTA, UIEN, a n d UST A) .

Three memory locations on chip which c ommunicate the USB block are:

■ USB endpoint0 data transmit register (UDT0)

■ USB endpoint0 data receive register (UDR0)

■ USB endpoint1 data transmit register (UDT1)

Table 60. USB Address Register (UADR: 0EEh)

76543210

USBEN UADD6 UADD5 UADD4 UADD3 UADD2 UADD1 UADD0

Table 61. Description of the UADR Bits

Bit Symbol R/W Function

USB Function Enable Bit.

7 USBEN R/W

6 to 0

UADD6 to

UADD0

R/W

When USBEN is clear, the USB module will not respond to any tokens from host.

clears this bit.

RESET Specify the USB address of the device.

clears these bits.

RESET

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Table 62. USB Interrupt Enable Register (UIEN: 0E9h)

76543210

SUSPNDI RSTE RSTFIE TXD0IE RXD0IE TXD1IE EOPIE RESUMI

Table 63. Description of the UIEN Bits

Bit Symbol R/W Function

7 SUSPNDI R/W Enable SUSPND Interrupt

6RSTER/W

5 RSTFIE R/W Enable RSTF (USB Bus Reset Flag) Interrupt 4 TXD0IE R/W Enable TXD0 Interrupt 3 RXD0IE R/W Enable RXD0 Interrupt 2 TXD1IE R/W Enable TXD1 Interrupt 1 EOPIE R/W Enable EOP Interrupt 0 RESUMI R/W Enable USB Resume Interrupt when it is the Suspend Mode

Enable USB Reset; also resets the CPU and PSD Modules when bit is set to '1.'

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Table 64. USB Interrupt Status Register (UISTA: 0E8h)

76543210

SUSPND — RSTF TXD0F RXD0F TXD1F EOPF RESUMF

Table 65. Description of the UISTA Bits

Bit Symbol R/W Function

USB Suspend Mode Flag. To save power, this bit should be set if a 3ms constant idle state is

7SUSPNDR/W

6 — — Reserved

5RSTFR

4TXD0FR/W

detected on USB bus. Setting this bit stops the clock to the USB and causes the USB module to enter Suspend Mode. Software must clear this bit after the Resume flag (RESUMF) is set while this Resume Interrupt Flag is serviced

USB Reset Flag. This bit is set when a valid RESET D- lines. When the RSTE bit in the UIEN Register is set, this reset detection will also generate an internal reset signal to reset the CPU and other peripherals including the USB module.

Endpoint0 Data Transmit Flag. This bit is set after the data stored in Endpoint 0 transmit buffers has been sent and an ACK handshake packet from the host is received. Once the next set of data is ready in the transmit buffers, software must clear this flag. To enable the next data packet transmission, TX0E must also be set. If TXD0F Bit is not cleared, a NAK handshake will be returned in the next IN transactions. RESET

signal state is detected on the D+ and

clears this bit.

Endpoint0 Data Receive Flag. This bit is set after the USB module has received a data packet and responded with ACK handshake packet. Software must clear this flag

3RXD0FR/W

2TXD1FR/W

1EOPFR/W

0RESUMFR/W

after all of the received data has been read. Software must also set RX0E Bit to one to enable the next data packet reception. If RXD0F Bit is not cleared, a NAK handshake will be returned in the next OUT transaction. RESET

Endpoint1 / Endpoint2 Data Transmit Flag. This bit is shared by Endpoints 1 and Endpoints 2. It is set after the data stored in the shared Endpoint 1/ Endpoint 2 transmit buffer has been sent and an ACK handshake packet from the host is received. Once the next set of data is ready in the transmit buffers, software must clear this flag. To enable the next data packet transmission, TX1E must also be set. If TXD1F Bit is not cleared, a NAK handshake will be returned in the next IN transaction. RESE T

End of Packet Flag. This bit is set when a valid End of Packet sequence is detected on the D+ and D-line. Software must clear this flag. RESET clears this bit.

Resume Flag. This bit is set when USB bus activity is detected while the SUSPND Bit is set. Software must clear this flag. RESET

clears this bit.

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Table 66. USB Endpoint0 Transmit Control Register (UCON0: 0EAh)

76543210

TSEQ0 STALL0 TX0E RX0E TP0SIZ3 TP0SIZ2 TP0SIZ1 TP0SIZ0

Table 67. Description of the UCON0 Bits

Bit Symbol R/W Function

Endpoint0 Data Sequence Bit. (0=DATA0, 1=DATA1)

7TSEQ0R/W

6STALL0R/W

5TX0ER/W

4RX0ER/W

This bit determines which type of data packet (DATA0 or DATA1) will be sent during the next IN transaction. Toggling of this bit must be controlled by software. RESET

Endpoint0 Force Stall Bit. This bit causes Endpoint 0 to return a STALL handshake when polled by either an IN or OUT token by the USB Host Controller. The USB hardware clears this bit when a SETUP token is received. RESET this bit.

Endpoint0 Transmit Enable. This bit enables a transmit to occur when the USB Host Controller sends an IN token to Endpoint 0. Software should set this bit when data is ready to be transmitted. It must be cleared by software when no more Endpoint 0 data needs to be transmitted. If this bit is '0' or the TXD0F is set, the USB will respond with a NAK handshake to any Endpoint 0 IN tokens.

clears this bit.

RESET Endpoint0 receive enable.

This bit enables a receive to occur when the USB Host Controller sends an OUT token to Endpoint 0. Software should set this bit when data is ready to be received. It must be cleared by software when data cannot be received. If this bit is '0' or the RXD0F is set, the USB will respond with a NAK handshake to any Endpoint 0 OUT tokens. RESET

clears this bit

clears this bit.

clears

3 to 0

TP0SIZ3 to

TP0SIZ0

R/W The number of transmit data bytes. These bits are cleared by RESET

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Table 68. USB Endpoint1 (and 2) Transmit Control Register (UCON1: 0EBh)

76543210

TSEQ1 EP12SEL TX1E FRESUM TP1SIZ3 TP1SIZ2 TP1SIZ1 TP1SIZ0

Table 69. Description of the UCON1 Bits

Bit Symbol R/W Function

Endpoint 1/ Endpoint 2 Transmit Data Packet PID. (0=DATA0, 1=DATA1)

7TSEQ1R/W

6 EP12SEL R/W

5TX1ER/W

This bit determines which type of data packet (DATA0 or DATA1) will be sent during the next IN transaction directed to Endpoint 1 or Endpoint 2. Toggling of this bit must be controlled by software. RESET

Endpoint 1/ Endpoint 2 Transmit Selection. (0=Endpoint 1, 1=Endpoint 2) This bit specifies whether the data inside the registers UDT1 are used for Endpoint 1 or Endpoint 2. If all the conditions for a successful Endpoint 2 USB response to a hosts IN token are satisfied (TXD1F=0, TX1E=1, STALL2=0, and EP2E=1) except that the EP12SEL Bit is configured for Endpoint 1, the USB responds with a NAK handshake packet. RESET clears this bit.

Endpoint1 / Endpoint2 Transmit Enable. This bit enables a transmit to occur when the USB Host Controller send an IN token to Endpoint 1 or Endpoint 2. The appropriate endpoint enable bit, EP1E or EP2E Bit in the UCON2 register, should also be set. Software should set the TX1E Bit when data is ready to be transmitted. It must be cleared by software when no more data needs to be transmitted. If this bit is '0' or TXD1F is set, the USB will respond with a NAK handshake to any Endpoint 1 or Endpoint 2 directed IN token.

clears this bit.

RESET

clears this bit.

4FRESUMR/W

3 to 0

TP1SIZ3 to

TP1SIZ0

R/W The number of transmit data bytes. These bits are cleared by RESET

Force Resume. This bit forces a resume state (“K” on non-idle state) on the USB data lines to initiate a remote wake-up. Software should control the timing of the forced resume to be between 10ms and 15ms. Setting this bit will not cause the RESUMF Bit to set.

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Table 70. USB Control Register (UCON2: 0ECh)

76543210

— — — SOUT EP2E EP1E STALL2 STALL1

Table 71. Description of the UCON2 Bits

Bit Symbol R/W Function

7 to 5 — — Reserved

4SOUTR/W

3 EP2E R/W Endpoint2 enable. RESET 2 EP1E R/W Endpoint1 enable. RESET 1 STALL2 R/W Endpoint2 Force Stall Bit. RESET 0 STALL1 R/W Endpoint1 Force Stall Bit. RESET

Status out is used to automatically respond to the OUT of a control READ transfer

clears this bit clears this bit

Table 72. USB Endpoint0 Status Register (USTA: 0EDh)

76543210

RSEQ SETUP IN OUT RP0SIZ3 RP0SIZ2 RP0SIZ1 RP0SIZ0

Table 73. Description of the USTA Bits

Bit Symbol R/W Function

Endpoint0 receive data packet PID. (0=DATA0, 1=DATA1)

7RSEQR/W

6 SETUP R

5INR

4OUTR

3 to 0

RP0SIZ3 to

RP0SIZ0

R The number of data bytes received in a DATA packet

This bit will be compared with the type of data packet last received for Endpoint0

SETUP Token Detect Bit. This bit is set when the received token packet is a SEPUP token, PID = b1101.

IN Token Detect Bit. This bit is set when the received token packet is an IN token.

OUT Token Detect Bit. This bit is set when the received token packet is an OUT token.

Table 74. USB Endpoint0 Data Receive Register (UDR0: 0EFh)

76543210 UDR0.7 UDR0.6 UDR0.5 UDR0.4 UDR0.3 UDR0.2 UDR0.1 UDR0.0

Table 75. USB Endpoint0 Data Transmit Register (UDT0: 0E7h)

76543210 UDT0.7 UDT0.6 UDT0.5 UDT0.4 UDT0.3 UDT0.2 UDT0.1 UDT0.0

Table 76. USB Endpoint1 Data Transmit Register (UDT1: 0E6h)

76543210 UDT1.7 UDT1.6 UDT1.5 UDT1.4 UDT1.3 UDT1.2 UDT1.1 UDT1.0

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The USCL 8-bit Prescaler Register for USB is at E1h. The USCL should be loaded with a value that results in a clock rate of 6MHz for the USB using

Note: USB works ONLY with the MCU Clock frequencies of 12, 24, or 36MHz. The Prescaler values for these frequencies are 0, 1, and 2.

the following formula:

USB clock input =

/ 2) / (Prescaler register value +1)

OSC

Where f

is the MCU clock input frequency.

OSC

Table 77. USB SFR Memory Map

SFR

Addr

Reg

Name

E1 USCL 00

E6 UDT1 UDT1.7 UDT1.6 UDT1.5 UDT1.4 UDT1.3 UDT1.2 UDT1.1 UDT1.0 00

E7 UDT0 UDT0.7 UDT0.6 UDT0.5 UDT0.4 UDT0.3 UDT0.2 UDT0.1 UDT0.0 00

E8 UISTA SUSPND — RSTF TXD0F RXD0F RXD1F EOPF RESUMF 00

E9 UIEN SUSPNDIE RSTE RSTFIE TXD0IE RXD0IE TXD1IE EOPIE RESUMIE 00

EA UCON0 TSEQ0 STALL0 TX0E RX0E TP0SIZ3 TP0SIZ2 TP0SIZ1 TP0SIZ0 00

EB UCON1 TSEQ1 EP12SEL — FRESUM TP1SIZ3 TP1SIZ2 TP1SIZ1 TP1SIZ0 00

EC UCON2 — — — SOUT EP2E EP1E STALL2 STALL1 00

7 6543210

Bit Register Name

Reset Value

Comments

8-bit Prescaler for USB logic

USB Endpt1 Data Xmit

USB Endpt0 Data Xmit

USB Interrupt Status

USB Interrupt Enable

USB Endpt0 Xmit Control

USB Endpt1 Xmit Control

USB Control Register

ED USTA RSEQ SETUP IN OUT RP0SIZ3 RP0SIZ2 RP0SIZ1 RP0SIZ0 00

EE UADR USBEN UADD6 UADD5 UADD4 UADD3 UADD2 UADD1 UADD0 00

EF UDR0 UDR0.7 UDR0.6 UDR0.5 UDR0.4 UDR0.3 UDR0.2 UDR0.1 UDR0.0 00

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USB Endpt0 Status

USB Address Register

USB Endpt0 Data Recv

Page 83

Transceiver

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USB Physical Layer Characteristics. The following section describes the u PSD321x Devices compliance to the Chapter 7 Electrical sect ion of the USB Specification, Revision 1.1. T he section contains all signaling, and physical layer specifications necessary to describe a low speed USB function.

Low Speed Driver Characteristics. The uPSD321x Devices use a differential output driver to drive the Low Speed USB data signal onto the USB cable. The output swings between the differential high and low state are well balanced to minimize signal skew. The slew rate control on the driver minimizes the radiated noise and cro ss talk on the USB cable. The driver’s outputs support three-state operation to achieve bi-directional half duplex operation. The uPSD321x Devices driver

Figure 40. Low Speed Driver Signal Waveforms

One Bit

Time

1.5 Mb/s

uPSD3212A, uPSD3212C, uPSD3212C V

tolerates a voltage on the signal pins of -0.5V to

3.6V with respect to local ground reference without damage. The driver tolerates this voltage for

10.0µs while the driver is active and driving, and tolerates this condition indefinitely when the driver is in its high impedance state.

A low speed USB connection is made through an unshielded, untwisted wire cable a max imum of 3 meters in length. The rise and fall time of t he signals on this cable are well controlled to reduce RFI emissions while limiting delays, signaling skews and distortions. The uPSD321x Devices driver reaches the specified static signal levels with smooth rise and fall times, resulting in segments between low speed devices and the ports to which they are connected.

(max)

Signal Pins

VSE(min)

Driver

Signal pins pass output spec levels with minimal reflections and ringing

AI06629

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Table 78. Transceiver DC Characteristics

Symb Parameter

Static Output High

Test Conditions

15kΩ ± 5% to GND

(1)

(2,3)

Min Max Unit

2.8 3.6 V

Note: 1. VCC = 5V ± 10%; VSS = 0V; TA = 0 to 70°C.

2. Level guara nteed for range of V

3. With RPU, external idle resistor, 7.5κ±2%, D- to V

Static Output Low Notes 2, 3 — 0.3 V

Differential Input Sensitivity

|(D+) - (D-)|,

Figure 43., page 86

0.2 — V

Differential Input Common Mode Figure 43., page 86 0.8 2.5 V Single Ended Receiver Threshold — 0.8 2.0 V Transc eiver Capacitanc e — — 20 pF

Data Line (D+, D-) Leakage 0V < (D+,D-) < 3.3 –10 10 µA External Bus Pull-up Resistance, D-

7.5kΩ ± 2% to V

7.35 7.65 kΩ

External Bus Pull-down Resistance 15kΩ ± 5% 14.25 15.75 kΩ

= 4.5V to 5.5V.

Table 79. Transceiver AC Characteristics

(5,6)

(5)

(1)

Min Max Unit

–75 75 ns

–45 45 ns

–40 100 ns 165 — ns 675 — ns

–95 95 ns

–150 150 ns

Symb Parameter

Test Conditions

tDRATE Low Speed Data Rate Ave. bit rate (1.5Mb/s ± 1.5%) 1.4775 1.5225 Mbit/s

tDJR1 Receiver Data Jitter Tolerance

tDJR2 Differential Input Sensitivity

tDEOP Differential to EOP Transition Skew tEOPR1 EOP Width at Receiver tEOPR2 EOP Width at Receiver

To next transition,

Figure 43., page86

For paired transition,

Figure 43., page86 Figure 44., page87

Rejects as EOP Accepts as EOP

tEOPT Source EOP Width — –1.25 1.50 µs

tUDJ1 Differential Driver Jitter

tUDJ2 Differential Driver Jitter

To next transition,

Figure 45., page87

To paired transition,

Figure 45., page87

tR USB Data Transition Rise Time Notes 2, 3, 4 75 300 ns

tF USB Data Transition Fall Time Notes 2, 3, 4 75 300 ns

/ t

tRFM Rise/Fall Time Matching

VCRS Output Signal Crossover Volt age — 1.3 2.0 V

Note: 1. VCC = 5V ± 10%; VSS = 0V; TA = 0 to 70°C.

2. Level guara nteed for range of V

3. With RPU, external idle resistor, 7.5κ±2%, D- to V

4. C

of 50pF(75ns) to 350pF (300ns).

5. Measured at crossover po i nt of different i al data signals.

6. USB specification indi cates 330ns.

= 4.5V to 5.5V.

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Receiver Characteristics

The uPSD321x Devices has a differential input receiver which is able to accept the USB data signal. The receiver features an input sensitivity of at least 200mV when both differential data inputs are in the range of at least 0.8V to 2 .5V with respect to its local ground reference. This is the common mode range, as shown in Figure 41. The receiver

Figure 41. Differential Input Sensitivity Over Entire Common Mode Range

1.0

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

Minimum Differential Sensitivity (volts)

0.0

0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.2 Common Mode Input Voltage (volts)

tolerates static input voltages between -0.5V to

3.8V with respect to its local ground reference without damage. In addition to the differential receiver, there is a single-ended receiver for each of the two data lines. The single-ended receivers have a switching threshold between 0.8V and 2.0V (TTL inputs).

AI06630

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External USB Pull-Up Resistor

The USB system specifies a pull-up resistor on the D- pin for low-speed peripherals. The USB Spec 1.1 describes a 1.5kΩ p ull-up resistor to a

3.3V supply. An approved alternative method is a

7.5kΩ pull-up to the USB V

supply. This alterna-

Figure 42. USB Data Signal Timing and Voltage Levels

tive is defined for low-speed devices with an integrated cable. The chip is specified for the 7.5kΩ pull-up. This eliminates the need for an external

3.3V regulator, or for a pin dedicated to provid ing a 3.3V output from the chip.

VCR

D+

10%

D-

Figure 43. Receiver Jitter Tolerance

PERIOD

Differential Data Lines

Consecutive

Transitions

N*T

PERIOD+TJR1

90%

Paired

Transitions

N*T

PERIOD+TJR2

90%

10%

AI06631

JR1

JR2

AI06632

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Figure 44. Differential to EOP Transition Skew and EOP Width

PERIOD

Differential

Data Lines

Crossover

Point

Crossover

Point Extended

Diff. Data to

SE0 Skew

N*T

PERIOD+TDEOP

Figure 45. Differential Data Jitter

PERIOD

Differential Data Lines

Crossover

Points

Consecutive

Transitions

N*T

PERIOD+TxJR1

Paired

Transitions

N*T

PERIOD+TxJR2

Source EOP Width: T

Receiver EOP Width T

, T

EOPR1

EOPR2

EOPT

AI06633

AI06634

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PSD MODULE

■ The PSD Module provides configurable

Program and Data memories to the 8032 CPU core (MCU). In addition, it has its own set of I/ O ports and a PLD with 16 macrocells for general logic implementation.

■ Ports A,B,C, and D are general purpose

programmable I/O ports that have a port architecture which is different from the I/O ports in the MCU Module.

■ The PSD Module communicates with the MCU

Module through the internal address, data bus (A0-A15, D0-D7) and control signals (RD PSEN

, ALE, RESET). The user defines the Decoding PLD in the PSDsoft Development Tool and can map the resources in the PSD Module to any program or data address space. Figure 46 shows the functional blocks in the PSD Module.

Functional Overview

– 512Kbit Flash memory. This is the main Flash

memory. It is divided into 4 sectors (16KBytes each) that can be accessed with userspecified addresses.

– Secondary 128Kbit Flash boot memory. It is

divided into 2 sectors (8KBytes each) that can be accessed with user-specified addresses. This secondary memory brings the ability to execute code and update the main Flash

concurrently.

– 16Kbit SRAM. The SRA M’s cont ents can be

protected from a power failure by connecting an external batter y.

– CPLD with 16 Output Micro Cells (OMCs) and

up to 20 Input Micro Cells (IMCs). The CPLD may be used to efficiently implement a variety of logic functions for internal and external control. Examples include state machines, loadable shift registers, and loadable counters.

, WR,

– Decode PLD (DPLD) that decodes address for

selection of memory blocks in the PSD Module.

– Configurable I/O ports (Port A,B,C and D) that

can be used for the following functions: MCU I/Os; PLD I/Os; Latched MCU address output; and Special function I/Os.

Note: I/O ports may be configured as open d rain outputs.

– Built-in JTAG compliant serial port allows full-

chip, In - Sys tem Progra m mability (IS P) . W it h it, you can program a blank device or reprogram a device in the factory or the field.

– Internal page register that can be used to

expand the 8032 MCU Module address space by a factor of 256.

– Internal programmable Power Management

Unit (PMU) that supports a low-power mode called Power-down Mode. The PMU can automatically detect a lack of the 8032 CPU core activity and put the PSD Module into Power-down Mode.

– Erase/WRITE cycles:

Flash memory - 100,000 minimum PLD - 1,000 minimum Data Retention: 15 year minimum (for Main

Flash memory, Boot, PLD and Configuration bits)

88/163

Page 89

Figure 46. PSD MODULE Block Diagram

www.BDTIC.com/ST

)

PC2

(

VSTDBY

PA0 – PA7

uPSD3212A, uPSD3212C, uPSD3212C V

PB0 – PB7

PC0 – PC7

PD1 – PD2

ADDRESS/DATA/CONTROL BUS

POWER

8 SECTORS

FLASH MEMORY

512KBIT PRIMARY

EMBEDDED

ALGORITHM

PAGE

UNIT

MANGMT

2 SECTORS

(BOOT OR DATA)

128KBIT SECONDARY

NON-VOLATILE MEMORY

SECTOR

SELECTS

SECTOR

SELECTS

)

DPLD

( PLD

FLASH DECODE

PORT

PROG.

BACKUP SRAM

16KBIT BATTERY

RUNTIME CONTROL

AND I/O REGISTERS

SRAM SELECT

PERIP I/O MODE SELECTS

CSIOP

PORT

PROG.

PORT A ,B & C

2 EXT CS TO PORT D

(CPLD)

FLASH ISP CPLD

20 INPUT MACROCELLS

16 OUTPUT MACROCELLS

CLKIN

PORT

PROG.

CLKIN

MACROCELL FEEDBACK OR PORT INPUT

PORT

PROG.

JTAG

SERIAL

& FLASH MEMORY

PLD, CONFIGURATION

CHANNEL

LOADER

8032 Bus

PLD

BUS

INPUT

WR_, RD_,

PSEN_, ALE,

RESET_,

A0-A15

BUS

Interface

BUS

Interface

D0 – D7

GLOBAL

SECURITY

CONFIG. &

CLKIN

(PD1)

AI07431

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In-Syst em Prog r a mming ( ISP)

Using the JTAG signals on Port C, the entire PSD MODULE device can be prog rammed or erased without the use of the MCU. The primary Flash memory can also be programmed in-system by the MCU executing the programming algorithms out of the secondary memory, or SRAM. The secondary memory can be programmed the same

Tabl e 80. Methods of Programmi ng Diffe rent Function al Blocks of the PSD MOD ULE

Functional Block JTAG Programming Device Programmer IAP

Primary Flash Memory Yes Yes Yes Secondary Flash Memory Yes Yes Yes PLD Array (DPLD and CPLD) Yes Yes No PSD MODULE Configuration Yes Yes No

way by executing out of the pri mary F lash m em ory. The PLD or other PSD MODULE Configuration blocks can be pr ogrammed throu gh the JTAG p ort or a device programmer. Table 80 indicates which programming methods can program different functional blocks of the PSD MODULE.

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Page 91

DEVELOP MEN T SYSTEM

www.BDTIC.com/ST

The uPSD3200 is supported by PSDsof t, a Windows-based software development tool (Windows-95, Windows-98, Windows-NT). A PSD MODULE design is quickly and easily produced in a point and click environment. The designer does not need to enter Hardware Description Language (HDL) equations, unless desired, to define PSD MODULE pin functions and memory map information. The general design flow is shown in Figure

47. PSDsoft is available from our web site (the ad-

Figure 47. PSDsoft Express Development Tool

Choose µPSD

Define µPSD Pin and

Node Functions

Point and click definition of

PSD pin functions, internal nodes,

and MCU system memory map

uPSD3212A, uPSD3212C, uPSD3212C V

dress is given on the back page of this data sheet) or other distribution channels.

PSDsoft directly supports a low cost device programmer from ST: FlashLINK (JTAG). The programmer may be purchased through your local distributor/representative. The uPS D3200 is also supported by third party device programmers. See our web site for the current list.

Define General Purpose

Logic in CPLD

Point and click definition of combinatorial and registered logic in CPLD.

Access HDL is available if needed

Merge MCU Firmware with PSD Module Configuration

A composite object file is created

containing MCU firmware and

PSD configuration

*.OBJ FILE

PSD Programmer

FlashLINK (JTAG)

MCU FIRMWARE

HEX OR S-RECORD

FORMAT

*.OBJ FILE

AVAILABLE

FOR 3rd PARTY

PROGRAMMERS

C Code Generation

GENERATE C CODE

SPECIFIC TO PSD

FUNCTIONS

USER'S CHOICE OF

8032

COMPILER/LINKER

AI07432

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PSD MODU LE REGISTER DESCRIPTION AND ADDRESS OFFSET

Table 81 shows the offset addresses to the PSD MODULE registers relative to the CSIOP base address. The CSIOP space is the 256 bytes of address that is allocated by the user to the inte rnal

Table 81. Register Address Offset

Data In 00 01 10 11 Reads Port pin as input, MCU I/O Input Mode Control 02 03 Selects mode between MCU I/O or Address Out

PSD MODULE registers. Table 81 p rovides brief descriptions of the registers in CSIOP spac e. The following section gives a more detailed description.

Other

Description

Data Out 04 05 12 13

Direction 06 07 14 15 Configures Port pin as input or output

Drive Select 08 09 16 17

Input Macrocell 0A 0B 18 Reads Input Macrocells

Enable Out 0C 0D 1A 1B

Output Macrocells AB

Output Macrocells BC

Mask Macrocells AB 22 22 Blocks writing to the Output Macrocells AB Mask Macrocells BC 23 23 Blocks writing to the Output Macrocells BC Primary Flash

Protection Secondary Flash

memory Protection PMMR0 B0 Power Management Register 0 PMMR2 B4 Power Management Register 2 Page E0 Page Register

VM E2

Note: 1. Other registers that are not part of the I/O p orts.

20 20

21 21

C0 Read-only – Primary Flash Sector Protection

Stores data for output to Port pins, MCU I/O Output Mode

Configures Port pins as either CMOS or Open Drain on some pins, while selecting high slew rate on other pins.

Reads the status of the output enable to the I/O Port driver

READ – reads output of macrocells AB WRITE – loads macrocell flip-flops

READ – reads output of macrocells BC WRITE – loads macrocell flip-flops

Read-only – PSD MODULE Security and Secondary Flash memory Sector Protection

Places PSD MODULE memory areas in Program and/or Data space on an individual basis.

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Page 93

PSD MODU LE DETAILED OPERATION

www.BDTIC.com/ST

As shown in Figure 15., page 27, the PS D MODULE consists of five major types of functional blocks:

■ Memory Bl ock

■ PLD Blocks

■ I/O Ports

■ Power Management Unit (PMU)

■ JTAG Interface

The functions of ea ch block are described in t he following sections. Many of the blocks perform multiple functions, and are user configurable.

MEMORY BLOCKS

The PSD MODULE has the following memory blocks:

■ Primary Flash memory

■ Secondary Flash memory

■ SRAM

The Memory Select signals for these blocks originate from the Decode PLD (DPLD) an d are userdefined in PSDsoft Express.

Primary Flash Memory and Secon dary F lash memory Description

The primary Flash memory is divided into 4 sectors (16KBytes each). The secondary Flash memory is divided into 2 sectors (8KBytes each). Each sector of either memory block can be separately protected from Program and Erase cycles.

Flash memory may be erased on a sector-by-sector basis. Flash sector erasure may be suspended while data is read from other sectors of the block and then resumed after reading.

During a Program or Erase cycle in Flash memory, the status can be output on Ready/Busy This pin is set up using PSDsoft Express Configuration.

(PC3).

uPSD3212A, uPSD3212C, uPSD3212C V

Memory Block Select Signals

The DPLD generates the Select signals for all the internal memory blocks (see PLDs, page 106). Each of the eight sectors of the primary Flash memory has a Select signal (FS0-FS3) which can contain up to three product terms. Each of the 2 sectors of the secondary Flash memory has a Select signal (CSBOOT0-CSBOOT1) which can contain up to three product terms. Having three product terms for each Select signal allows a given sector to be mapped in Program or Data space.

Ready/Busy

output the Ready/Busy ry. The output on Ready/Busy when Flash memory is being written to, Flash memory is being eras ed. The output is a 1 (Ready) when no WRITE or Erase cycle is in progress.

Memory Operation. The primary Flash memory and secondary Flash memory are addressed through the MCU Bus. The MCU can access these memories in one of two ways:

– The MCU can execute a typical bus WRITE or

READ

– The MCU can execute a specific Flash

memory in s truction that consists of several WRITE and READ operations. This involves writing specific data patterns to special addresses within the Flash memory to invoke an embedded algorithm. These instructions are summarized in Table 82.

Typically, the MCU can read Flash memory using READ operations, just as it would read a ROM device. However, Flash memory can only b e altered using specific Erase and Program instructions. For example, the MCU cannot write a single byte directly to Flash memory as it would write a byte to RAM. To program a byte into F lash memory, the MCU must execute a Program instruction, then test the status of the Program cycle. This status test is achieved by a RE AD operation or polling Ready/Busy (PC3).

(PC3 ). This signal can be used to

status of the Flash memo-

(PC3) is a 0 (Busy)

when

operation

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Instructions

An instruction consists of a sequence o f specific operations. Each received byte is sequentially decoded by the PSD MODULE and not ex ecut ed as a standard WRITE operation. The instruction is executed when the correct number of bytes are properly received and the time between two consecutive bytes is shorter t han the t ime-out period. Some instructions are structured to in clude READ operations after the initial WRITE operations.

The instruction must be followed exactly. Any invalid combination of instruction bytes or time-out between two consecutive bytes w hile addressing Flash memory resets the device lo gic into READ Mode (Flash memory is read like a ROM device).

The Flash memory supports the instructions summarized in Table 82., page 95:

Flash memory:

■ Erase memory by chip or sector

■ Suspend or resume sector erase

■ Program a Byte

■ RESET to READ Mode

■ Read Sector Protection Status

These instructions are detailed in Table 82. For efficient decoding of the instructions, the first two bytes of an instruction are the coded c ycles and are followed by an instruction byte or confirmation byte. The coded cycles consist of writing the data AAh to address X555h during the first cycle and data 55h to address XAAAh duri ng the second cycle. Address signals A15-A12 are Don’t Care during the instruction WRITE cycles. However, the appropriate Sector Select (FS0-FS3 or CSBOOT0-CSBOOT1 ) must be selected.

The primary and secondary Flash memories have the same instruction set. The Sector Select signals determine which Flash memory is to receive and execute the instruction. The primary Flash memory is selected if any one of Sector Select (FS0FS3) is High, and the secondary Flash memory is selected if any one of Sector Select (CSB OOT0CSBOOT1) is High.

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uPSD3212A, uPSD3212C, uPSD3212C V

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Table 82. Instructions

Instruction

(5)

READ READ Sector

Protection

(6,8,11)

Program a Flash

(11)

Byte Flash Sector

(7,11)

Erase Flash Bulk

(11)

Erase Suspend Sector

(9)

Erase Resume Sector

(10)

Erase

(6)

RESET

Note: 1. All bus cycles are WRITE bus cycles, except the ones with the “Read” label

2. All values are i n hexadecimal :

3. X = Don’t care. Ad dresses of the form XXXXh, in t hi s table, must be ev en addresses

4. RA = Address of the memory location to be rea d

5. RD = Data READ from location RA during the READ cycle

6. PA = Address of the memory location to be programmed. Addresses are latched on the falling edge of WRITE Strobe (WR

7. PA is an even ad dress for PSD in Word Progra m m i ng M ode.

8. PD = Data word to be programmed at location PA. Data is latched on the risin g edge of WRITE Strobe (WR

9. SA = Addres s of t he sector to be er ased or verif ied. Th e Sector Select (FS0-F S3 or C SBOOT0 -CSBOOT1) of the sector to be erased, or verified, must be Active (High).

10. Sector Selec t (FS0-FS3 or CS B OOT 0-CSBOOT1) signals are act i ve High, and are def i ned in PSDsof t Express.

11. Only address Bits A11-A0 ar e used in instruc t i on decoding.

12. No Unlock or instruction cycles are requ ir ed when the devi ce is in the READ Mo de

13. The RESET Ins truc tio n is re quire d to re turn to the READ Mode afte r readi ng th e Sec tor P rotec tion S tat us, or if the E rror F lag Bit (DQ5) goes High.

14. Additional sectors to be er ased must be wri tt en at the end of the Sector Erase instruction within 80µs.

15. The data is 00 h for an unprot ected sect or, and 01h fo r a protected s ector. In the fourth cycle, the Sector S elect is act ive, and (A1,A0)=(1,0)

16. The system may perform READ and Program cycles in non-erasing sectors, read the Sector Protection Status when in the Suspend Sector Eras e M ode. The Suspend Sector Erase instruct i on i s v al i d only during a Sector Erase cy cle.

17. The Resume Sector Erase instruction is valid only during the Suspend Sector Erase Mode.

18. The MCU cannot i nvok e these inst ruct ion s whil e execu tin g code fr om the sa me Fla sh me mory as that fo r whic h the ins truc tio n is intended. T he MCU mus t re tri eve, for exam pl e, t he co de from the s econ dar y F lash m e mor y wh en readi ng t he S ecto r Pr otec tio n Status of the primary Flash memory.

FS0-FS3 or

CSBOOT0-

CSBOOT1

Cycle 1 Cycle 2 Cycle 3 Cycle 4 Cycle 5 Cycle 6 Cycle 7

“Read” RD @ RA

AAh@ X555h

55h@ XAAAh

90h@ X555h

A0h@ X555h

80h@ X555h

Read status @ XX02h

PD@ PA

AAh@ X555h

55h@ XAAAh

30h@ SA

10h@ X555h

B0h@ XXXXh

30h@ XXXXh

F0h@ XXXXh

, CNTL0)

(7)

30h next SA

, CNTL0).

95/163

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uPSD3212A, uPSD3212C, uPSD3212CV

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Power-dow n In s truction and Power-up Mode Power-up Mode. The PSD MODULE internal

logic is reset upon Power-up to the READ Mode. Sector Select (FS0-FS3 and CSBOOT0CSBOOT1) must be held Low, and WRITE Strobe

, CNTL0) High, during Power-up for maximum

(WR security of the data contents and to remove the possibility of a byte being written on the f irst e dge of WRITE Strobe (WR initiation is locked when V

READ

Under typical conditions, the MCU may read the primary Flash memory or the secondary Flash memory using READ operations just as it would a ROM or RAM device. Alternately, the MCU may use READ operations to ob tain status inform ation about a Program or Erase cycle that is currently in progress. Lastly, the MCU may use instructions to read special data from these memory blocks. The following sections describe these READ functions.

READ Memory Content s. Primary Flash memory and secondary Flash memory are placed in the READ Mode after Power-up, chip reset, or a Reset Flash instruction (see Table 82., page 95). The MCU can read the memory contents of the primary Flash memory or the secondary Flash memory by using READ operations any time the READ operation is not part of an instruction.

READ Memory Sector Protection Status. The primary Flash memory Sector Protection Status is read with an instruction composed of 4 operations: 3 specific WRITE operations and a READ operation (see Table 82). During the READ operation, address Bits A6, A1, and A0 must be '0,' '1 ,' and '0,' respectively, while Sector Select (FS0-FS3 or CSBOOT0-CSBOOT1) designates the Flash memory sector whose protection has t o be verified. The READ operation produces 01h if the Flash memory sector is protected, or 00h if the sector is not protected.

The sector protection status for all NVM blocks (primary Flash memory or secondary Flash memory) can also be read by the MCU a ccessing the Flash Protection registers in PSD I/O space. See

, CNTL0). Any WRITE cycl e

is below V

LKO

Flash Memory Sector Protect, page 101, for regis-

ter definitions. Reading the Erase/Program Status Bits. The

Flash memory provides several status bits to be used by the MCU to confirm the c ompletion of an Erase or Program cycle of Flash memory. These status bits minimize the time that the MCU spends performing these tasks and are defined in Table

83., page 97. The status bits can be read as many

times as needed. For Flash memory, the MCU can perform a READ

operation to obtain these status bits while an Erase or Program instruction is being executed by the embedded algorithm. See Programming Flash

Memory, page 98, for details.

Data Polling Flag (DQ7). When erasing or programming in Flash memory, the Data Polling Flag Bit (DQ7) outputs the complement of the bit being entered for programming/writing on the DQ7 Bit. Once the Program instruction or the WRITE operation is completed, the true logic value is rea d on the Data Polling Flag Bit (DQ7) (in a READ operation).

– Data Polling is effective after the fourth WRITE

pulse (for a Program instruction) or after the sixth WRITE pulse (for an Erase instruction). It must be performed at the address being programmed or at an address within the Flash memory sector being erased.

– During an Erase cycle, the Data Polling Flag

Bit (DQ7) outputs a '0.' After completion of the cycle, the Data Polling Flag B it (DQ 7) o u tputs the last bit programmed (it is a '1' after erasing).

– If the byte to be programmed is in a protected

Flash memory sector, the instruction is ignored.

– If all the Flash memory sectors to be erased

are protected, the Data Polling Flag Bit (DQ7) is reset to '0' for about 100µs, and then returns to the previous addressed byte. No erasure is performed.

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Toggle Flag ( DQ6 ). The Flash memory offers another way for determining when the Program cycle is completed. During the internal WRITE operation and when either the FS0-FS3 or CSBOOT0CSBOOT1 is true, the Toggle Flag Bit (DQ6 ) toggles from 0 to 1 and 1 to 0 on subsequent attempts to read any byte of the memory.

When the internal cycle is complete, the toggling stops and the data READ on the Data Bus D0-D7 is the addressed memory byte. The device is now accessible for a new READ or WRITE operation. The cycle is finished when two successive Reads yield the same output data.

– The Toggle Flag Bit (DQ6) is effective after the

fourth WRITE pulse (for a Program instruction) or after the sixth WRITE pulse (for an Erase instruction).

– If the byte to be programmed belongs to a

protected Flash memory sector, the instruction is ignored.

– If all the Flash memory sectors selected for

erasure are protected, the Toggle Flag Bit (DQ6) toggles to '0' for about 100µs and then returns to the previous addressed byte.

Error Flag (DQ5 ). During a normal Program or Erase cycle, the Error Flag Bit (DQ5) is to 0. This

bit is set to '1' when there is a failure d uring Flash memory Byte Program, Sector Erase, or Bulk Erase cycle.

In the case of Flash memory programming, the Error Flag Bit (DQ5) indicates the attempt to program a Flash memory bit from the programmed state, '0,' to the erased state, '1,' which is not valid. The Error Flag Bit (DQ5) may also indicate a Time-out condition while attempting to program a byte.

In case of an error in a Flash memory Sector Erase or Byte Progra m cycle, the Fl ash memory sector in which the error occurred or to which the programmed byte belongs must no longer be used. Other Flash memory sectors may still be used. The Error Flag Bit (DQ5) is reset after a Reset Flash instruction.

Erase Time-out Flag (DQ3). The Erase Timeout Flag Bit (DQ 3) reflects the time-out period allowed between two consecutive Sector Eras e instructions. The Erase Time-out Flag Bit (DQ3) is reset to 0 after a Sector Erase cycle for a time period of 100µs + 20% unless an additional Sector Erase instruction is decoded. After this time period, or when the additional Sector Erase instruction is decoded, the Erase Time-out Flag Bit (DQ3) is set to '1 . '

Table 83. Status Bit

Functional Block

Flash Memory

Note: 1. X = Not guaranteed value, can be read either '1' or ' 0. '

2. DQ7-DQ0 re present the Da ta Bus bits, D7 -D0.

3. FS0-FS3 and CSBOOT0-CS BOOT1 are acti ve High.

FS0-FS3/CSBOOT0-

CSBOOT1

DQ7 DQ6 DQ5 DQ4 DQ3 DQ2 DQ1 DQ0

Data Polling

Toggle Flag

Error Flag

Erase

Timeout

XXX

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Programming Flash Memory

Flash memory must be erased prior to being programmed. A byte of Flash memory is erased to all '1s' (FFh), and is programmed by s etting s elected bits to '0.' The MC U may e rase F lash memory a ll at once or by-sector, but not byte-by-byte. However, the MCU may program Flash memory byte-bybyte.

The primary and secondary Flash memories require the MCU to send an instruction to program a byte or to erase sectors (see Table 82).

Once the MCU issues a Flash memory Program or Erase instruction, it must check for the status bits for completion. The embedded algorithms that are invoked support several means to provide status to the MCU. Status may be checke d using any of three methods: Data Polling, Data Toggle, or Ready/Busy

Data Polling. Pollin g o n the D at a P o lli n g Flag Bit (DQ7) is a method of checking whether a Program or Erase cycle is in progress or has completed. Figure 48 shows the Data Polling algorithm.

When the MCU issue s a Program i nstruction, the embedded algorithm begins. The MCU then reads the location of the byte to be programmed in Flash memory to check status. The Data Polling Flag Bit (DQ7) of this location becomes the complement of b7 of the original data byte to be programmed. The MCU continues to poll this location, comparing the Data Polling Flag Bit (DQ7) and monitoring the Error Flag Bit (DQ5). When the Data Polling Flag Bit (DQ7) matches b7 of the original data, and the Error Flag Bit (DQ5) remains '0,' the embedded algorithm is complete. If the Error Flag Bit (DQ5) is '1,' the MCU should test the Data Polling Flag Bit (DQ7) again since the Data Polling Flag Bit (DQ7) may have changed simultaneously with the Error Flag Bit (DQ5) (see Figure 48).

The Error Flag Bit (DQ5) is set if either an internal time-out occurred while the embedded algorithm attempted to program the byte or if the MCU a ttempted to program a '1' to a bit that was not erased (not erased is logic '0').

It is suggested (as with all Flash memories) to read the location again after the embedded programming algorithm has completed, to compare the

(PC3).

byte that was written to the Fl ash memory with the byte that was intended to be written.

When using the Data Polling method during an Erase cycle, Figure 48 still applies. However, the Data Polling Flag Bit (DQ7) is '0' until the Erase cycle is complete. A '1' on the Error Flag Bit (DQ5) indicates a time-out condition on the Erase cycle; a '0' indicates no error. The MCU can read any location within the sector being erased to get the Data Polling Flag Bit (DQ7) and the Error Flag Bit (DQ5).

PSDsoft Express generates ANSI C code functions which implement these Data Polling algorithms.

Figure 48. Data Polling Flowchart

START

READ DQ5 & DQ7

at VALID ADDRESS

DQ7

DATA

DQ5

READ DQ7

DQ7

DATA

FAIL PASS

= 1

YES

AI01369B

98/163

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Data Toggle. Checking the Toggle Flag Bit (DQ6) is a method of determinin g whether a P rogram or Erase cycle is in progress or has completed. Figure 49 shows the Data Toggle algorithm.

When the MCU issue s a Program i nstruction, the embedded algorithm begins. The MCU then reads the location of the byte to be programmed in Flash memory to check status. The Toggle Flag Bit (DQ6) of this location toggles each time the MCU reads this location until the embedded algorithm is complete. The MCU continues to read this location, checking the Toggle Flag Bit (DQ6) and monitoring the Error Flag Bit (DQ5). When the Toggle Flag Bit (DQ6) stops toggling (two consecutive reads yield the same value), and the Error Flag Bit (DQ5) remains '0,' the embedded algorithm is complete. If the Error Flag Bit (DQ5) is '1,' the MCU should test the Toggle Flag Bit (DQ6) again, since the Toggle Flag Bit (DQ6) may have changed simultaneously with the Error Flag Bit (DQ5) (see Figure 49).

The Error Flag Bit(DQ5) is set if either an internal time-out occurred while the embedded algorithm attempted to program the byte, or if the MCU attempted to program a '1' to a bit that was not erased (not erased is logic '0').

It is suggested (as with all Flash memories) to read the location again after the embedded programming algorithm has completed, to compare the byte that was written to Flash memory with the byte that was intended to be written.

When using the Data Toggle method after an Erase cycle, Figure 49 still applies. the Toggle Flag Bit (DQ6) toggles until the Erase cycle is complete. A '1' on the Error Flag Bit (DQ5) indicates a time-out condition on the Erase cycle; a '0'

indicates no error. The MCU can read any location within the sector being erased t o get the Toggle Flag Bit (DQ6) and the Error Flag Bit (DQ5).

PSDsoft Express generates ANSI C code functions which implement these Data Toggling a lgorithms.

Figure 49. Dat a Toggle Flow chart

START

READ

DQ5 & DQ6

DQ6

TOGGLE

DQ5

= 1

READ DQ6

DQ6

TOGGLE

FAIL PASS

YES

AI01370B

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Erasing Flash Memory Flash Bulk Erase. The Flash B ulk E rase instruc-

tion uses six WRITE operations followed by a READ operation of the status register, as described in Table 82. If any byte of the B ulk Erase instruction is wrong, the Bulk Erase instruction aborts and the device is reset t o the READ Flash memory status.

During a Bulk Erase, the memory status may be checked by reading the E rror Flag Bit (DQ5), the Toggle Flag Bit (DQ6), and the Data Polling Fl ag Bit (DQ7), as detailed in Programming Flash

Memory, page 98. The Error Flag Bit (DQ5) re-

turns a '1' if there has been an Erase Failure (maximum number of Erase cycles have been executed).

It is not necessary to program the memory with 00h because the PSD MODULE automatically does this before erasing to 0FFh.

During execution of the Bulk Erase instruction, the Flash memory does not accept any instructions.

Flash Sector Erase. The Sector Erase instruction uses six WRITE operations, as desc ribed in

Table 82., page 95. Additional Flash Sector Erase

codes and Flash memory sector addresses can be written subsequently to erase other Flash memory sectors in parallel, without further coded cycles, if the additional bytes are transmitted in a shorter time than the time-out period of about 10 0µs. The input of a new Sector Erase code restarts the timeout period.

The status of the internal timer can be m onitored through the level of the Erase Time-out Flag Bit (DQ3). If the Erase T ime-out Flag Bit (DQ3) is '0 ,' the Sector Erase instruction has been received and the time-out period is counting. If the Erase Time-out Flag Bit (DQ3) is '1,' the time-out period has expired and the embedded algorithm is busy erasing the Flash memory secto r(s). Before and during Erase time-out, any instruction other than Suspend Sector Erase and Resume Sector Erase instructions abort the cycle that is currently in progress, and reset the device to READ Mode.

During a Sector Erase, the memory status may be checked by reading the E rror Flag Bit (DQ5), the Toggle Flag Bit (DQ6), and the Data Polling Fl ag Bit (DQ7), as detailed in Programming Flash

Memory, page 98.

During execution of the Erase cycle, the Flash memory accepts only RESET and Suspend Sector Erase instructions. Erasure of one Flash memory sector may be suspended, in order to read data from another Flash memory sector, and then resumed.

Suspend Sector Erase. When a Sector Erase cycle is in progress, the Suspend Sector Erase instruction can be used to suspend the cycle by writing 0B0h to any address when an appropriate Sector Se lect (FS0 -FS3 or CSBOOT0-CSBO OT1) is High. (See Table 82., page 95). This allows reading of data from another Flash memory sector after the Erase cycle has been suspe nded. Suspend Sector Erase is accepted only during an Erase cycle and defaults to READ Mode. A Suspend Sector Erase instruction ex ecute d during an Erase time-out period, in addition to s uspending the Erase cycle, termin a tes th e tim e out peri od .

The Toggle Flag Bit (DQ6) stops toggling when the internal logic is suspended. Th e status of this bit must be monitored at an addres s wi thin t he F lash memory sector being erased. The Toggle Flag Bit (DQ6) stops toggling between 0.1µs and 15µs after the Suspend Sector Erase instruction has been executed. The Flash memory is then automatically set to READ Mode.

If an Suspend Sector Erase instruction was executed, the following rules apply:

– Attempting to read from a Flash memory

sector that was being erased outputs invalid data.

not

– Reading from a Flash sector that was

being erased is valid.

– The Flash memory

and only responds to Resume Sector Erase and Reset Flash instructions (READ is an operation and is allowed).

– If a Reset Flash instruction is received, data in

the Flash memory sector that was being erased is inva l id.

Resume Sector Erase. If a Suspend Sector Erase instruction was previously executed, the erase cycle may be resumed with this instruction. The Resume Sector Erase inst ruction consists of writing 030h to any address w hile an appropriate Sector Se lect (FS0 -FS3 or CSBOOT0-CSBO OT1) is High. (See Table 82., page 95.)

cannot

be programmed,

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