Datasheet TSH512 Datasheet (ST)

Hi-fi stereo/mono infrared transmitter

Features

■ Supply voltage: 2.3 to 5.5 V

■ Carrier frequency range: 0.4 to 11 MHz

■ High versatility: I/O pins for each section

■ Two FM transmitters for stereo

■ Sinusoidal carriers for high spectral purity

■ Micro- or line-level preamplifiers with ALC

■ VOX function to save on battery power

■ Transmitter TX2 standby for mono operation

Applications

■ Infrared hi-fi stereo transmitters

■ Infrared headsets

■ Stereo sub-carriers for video transmitters

■ Voice-operated wireless webcams

■ FM IF transmit systems

Description

The TSH512 is a 0.4- to 11-MHz dual FM
transmitter. Access pins to each section give high
versatility and allow for several different
applications: stereo headphone, multimedia
headset, audio sub-carrier generator.

The TSH512 integrates in a single chip low-noise
audio preamplifiers with ALC (automatic level
control), frequency-modulated oscillators, and
linear output buffers to drive the external
transistors. The sinusoidal carriers facilitate the
filtering and allow high performance audio
transmission.

TSH512

and stereo sub-carrier generator

F

TQFP44

10 x 10 mm

Pin connections (top view)

36

36

Monostable

Monostable

3435

3435

33

33

32

32

31

31

30

30

29

29

28

28

27

27

26

26

25

25

24

24

23

23

3738394041

PEA

PEA

-

+

+

-

-+-

VOX

VOX

PEA

PEA

TX2

TX2

TX1

TX1

3738394041

VCO

VCO

VCO

VCO

Output

Output
buffer

buffer

Output

Output
buffer

buffer

424344

424344

1

1

2

2

3

3

4

4

5

5

6

6

7

7

8

8

9

9

10

10

11

11

-

+

ALC

ALC

LNA

LNA

TSH512

TSH512

-

-

+

+

LNA

LNA

+

ALC

ALC

-+

--+

12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22

12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22

The TSH512 forms a chipset with the dual
receiver TSH511.

The VOX (voice operated transmit) circuitry
disables the output buffer when there is no audio
signal to save battery power. For MONO
applications, the STANDBY pin enables one
transmitter only, reducing the supply current.

May 2009 Doc ID 8120 Rev 7 1/31

www.st.com

31

Contents TSH512

Contents

1 Absolute maximum ratings and operating conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

2 Device diagrams and schematics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

3 Electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

3.1 Supply section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

3.2 Audio section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

3.3 RF section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

4 Application information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

4.1 Infrared stereo transmitter application (stereo headphones) . . . . . . . . . . 14

4.2 Sub-carrier generator application: voice-operated wireless camera . . . . 16

4.3 Multimedia application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

4.3.1 Headset side . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

4.3.2 Computer side . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

5 General description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

5.1 LNA section: low noise amplifier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

5.2 Electret condenser microphone source . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

5.3 MIC-BIAS section: microphone bias voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

5.4 ALC section: automatic level control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

5.5 VOX description: voice operated transmit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

5.6 PEA section: pre-emphasis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

5.7 VCO section: voltage-controlled oscillator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

5.8 Output buffer section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

5.9 SBY pin: standby for mono operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

6 Package information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

6.1 TQFP44 package information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

7 Ordering information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

8 Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

2/31 Doc ID 8120 Rev 7

TSH512 Absolute maximum ratings and operating conditions

1 Absolute maximum ratings and operating conditions

Table 1. Absolute maximum ratings

Symbol Parameter Value Unit

V

CC

T

oper

T

stg

T

j

R

thjc

R

thja

Latch-up Class

Supply voltage

Operating free air temperature range -40 to +85 °C

Storage temperature -65 to +150 °C

Maximum junction temperature 150 °C

Thermal resistance junction to case 14 °C/W

Thermal resistance junction to ambient area 45 °C/W

(2)

ESD sensitive device: handling precautions required

ESD

except pins 20 and

36

1. All voltage values, except differential voltage, are with respect to network ground terminal.

2. Corporate ST Microelectronics procedure number 0018695.

3. Human body model: a 100 pF capacitor is charged to the specified voltage, then discharged through a

1.5 kΩ resistor between two pins of the device. This is done for all couples of connected pin combinations
while the other pins are floating.

4. Charged device model: all pins and the package are charged together to the specified voltage and then
discharged directly to the ground through only one pin. This is done for all pins.

5. Machine model: a 200 pF capacitor is charged to the specified voltage, then discharged directly between
two pins of the device with no external series resistor (internal resistor < 5 Ω). This is done for all couples of
connected pin combinations while the other pins are floating.

HBM: human body model
CDM: charged device model
MM: machine model

(1)

(5)

(3)

(4)

7V

A

2
1

kV

0.2

Table 2. Operating conditions

Symbol Parameter Value Unit

V

CC

f

audio

f

carrier

Supply voltage 2.3 to 5.5 V

Audio frequency range 20 to 20,000 Hz

Carrier frequency range 0.4 to 11 MHz

Doc ID 8120 Rev 7 3/31

Device diagrams and schematics TSH512

2 Device diagrams and schematics

This section contains a detailed block diagram of the TSH512 (Figure 1), with an
accompanying pin description (Table 3 on page 5), as well as the schematics of a typical
application (Figure 2 on page 6).

Figure 1. Block diagram

DEC2

DEC2

MIC-BIAS2

MIC-BIAS2

GND

GND

VCC

VCC

SBY

SBY

VOX-INTS

VOX-INTS

VOX-SENS

VOX-SENS

VCC

VCC

GND

GND

MIC-BIAS1

MIC-BIAS1

DEC1

DEC1

VCO-BIAS2

LNA-INP2

LNA-INP2

1

1

2

2

3

3

LNA

LNA

4

4

5

5

6

6

7

7

8

8

LNA

LNA

9

9

10

10

11

11

12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22

12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22

LNA-OUT2

ALC-INT2

LNA-OUT2

LNA-INN 2

LNA-INN 2

-

+

+

-+

--+

ALC-INT2

PEA-INN2

PEA-INN2

424344

424344

ALC

ALC

TSH512

TSH512

-

-

+

+

ALC

ALC

PEA-OUT2

PEA-OUT2

PEA

PEA

-

+

+

VOX

VOX

-

-+-

PEA

PEA

VCO-BIAS2

TX2

TX2

TX1

TX1

3738394041

3738394041

VCO

VCO

VCO

VCO

VCC

VCC

VCO-A2

VCO-A2

36

36

Output

Output
buffer

buffer

Output

Output
buffer

buffer

Monostable

Monostable

VCO-OUT2

VCO-OUT2

VCO-B2

VCO-B2

3435

3435

33

33

GND

GND

32

32

BUF-IN2

BUF-IN2

31

31

BUF-OUT2

BUF-OUT2

30

30

GND

GND

29

29

VOX-TIMER

VOX-TIMER

28

28

VOX-INTN

VOX-INTN

27

27

VOX-MUTE

VOX-MUTE

26

26

VCC

VCC

25

25

BUF-OUT1

BUF-OUT1

BUF-IN1

BUF-IN1

24

24

23

23

GND

GND

LNA-INP1

LNA-INP1

LNA-INN 1

LNA-INN 1

LNA-OUT1

LNA-OUT1

4/31 Doc ID 8120 Rev 7

VCC

VCC

VCO-A1

VCO-B1

VCO-A1

ALC-INT1

PEA-INN1

ALC-INT1

PEA-INN1

PEA-OUT1

PEA-OUT1

VCO-BIAS1

VCO-BIAS1

VCO-B1

VCO-OUT1

VCO-OUT1

TSH512 Device diagrams and schematics

Table 3. Pin descriptions

Pin Pin name Related to Direction

(1)

Pin description

1 DEC2 TX2 - Decoupling capacitor for internal voltage reference

2 MIC-BIAS2 TX2 O Microphone bias

3 GND - - Ground

4 VCC - - Supply voltage

5 SBY TX1 & TX2 I Standby control (input pin)

6 VOX-INTS TX1 & TX2 - Time constant terminal for audio signal integrator in VOX

7 VOX-SENS TX1 & TX2 - Gain adjustment for VOX input sensitivity

8 VCC - - Supply voltage

9 GND - - Ground

10 MIC-BIAS1 TX1 O Microphone bias

11 DEC1 TX1 - Decoupling capacitor for internal voltage reference

12 LNA-INP1 TX1 I LNA positive input

13 LNA-INN1 TX1 I LNA negative input

14 LNA-OUT1 TX1 O LNA output

15 ALC-INT1 TX1 - Time constant terminal for integrator in ALC

16 PEA-INN1 TX1 I Pre-emphasis amplifier negative input

17 PEA-OUT1 TX1 O Pre-emphasis amplifier output

18 VCO-BIAS1 TX1 O Bias for external VCO components

19 VCC - - Supply voltage

20 VCO-A1 TX1 - Oscillator component connection

21 VCO-B1 TX1 - Oscillator component connection

22 VCO-OUT1 TX1 O VCO output

23 GND - - Ground

24 BUF-IN1 TX1 I Input to the output buffer

25 BUF-OUT1 TX1 O Output of the output buffer

26 VCC - - Supply voltage

27 VOX-MUTE TX1 & TX2 O Mute control (output pin) in VOX

28 VOX-INTN TX1 & TX2 - Time constant terminal for noise integrator in VOX

29 VOX-TIMER TX1 & TX2 - Rise time for timer in VOX

30 GND - - Ground

31 BUF-OUT2 TX2 O Output of the output buffer

32 BUF-IN2 TX2 I Input to the output buffer

33 GND - - Ground

34 VCO-OUT2 TX2 O VCO output

35 VCO-B2 TX2 - Oscillator component connection

Doc ID 8120 Rev 7 5/31

Device diagrams and schematics TSH512

Table 3. Pin descriptions (continued)

Pin Pin name Related to Direction

36 VCO-A2 TX2 - Oscillator component connection

37 VCC - - Supply voltage

38 VCO-BIAS2 TX2 O Bias for external VCO components

39 PEA-OUT2 TX2 O Pre-emphasis amplifier output

40 PEA-INN2 TX2 I Pre-emphasis amplifier negative input

41 ALC-INT2 TX2 - Time constant terminal for internal peak detector in ALC

42 LNA-OUT2 TX2 O LNA output

43 LNA-INN2 TX2 I LNA negative input

44 LNA-INP2 TX2 I LNA positive input

1. Pin directions: I = input pin, O = output pin, - = pin to connect to supply or decoupling capacitors or external components.

(1)

Pin description

Figure 2. Typical application schematics for stereo infrared transmitter

6/31 Doc ID 8120 Rev 7

TSH512 Electrical characteristics

3 Electrical characteristics

Table 4. Electrical characteristics for VCC = 2.7 V, T

(unless otherwise specified)

(1)

= 25° C, f

amb

audio

= 1 kHz, f

carrier

= 2.8 MHz

Symbol Parameter Test conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit

Overall circuit

TX1 on, TX2 on, MIC-BIAS1 and
MIC-BIAS2 not used:

I

CC_TOT

Current consumption
TX1 and TX2 are on

VOX-MUTE=1 output buffers on
VOX-MUTE=0, output buffers off

-40° C < T

<+85°C

amb

VOX-MUTE=1 output buffers on
VOX-MUTE=0, output buffers off

161118.6

12.8

19.6

13.8

TX1 on, TX2 off, MIC-BIAS1 and
MIC-BIAS2 not used:

I

CC_SBY

Current consumption with
TX2 in standby: SBY (pin5)
active

VOX-MUTE=1,output buffers on
VOX-MUTE=0, output buffers off

-40° C < T

<+85°C

amb

VOX-MUTE=1, output buffers on
VOX-MUTE=0, output buffers off

10711.5
8

12.1

8.6

LNA sections (for TX1 and TX2)

GBP

Gain bandwidth product No external load 7 MHz

LNA

Input resistance on positive

Rin

LNA

input:

(LNA-INP1 pin 12 or

30 kΩ

LNA-INP2 pin 44)

THD

En

Total harmonic distortion

LNA

Equivalent input noise
voltage

=0dB, Vout

LNA

-40° C < T

G

LNA

R

S

amb

=40dB, at f=1kHz

=390Ω, R

< +85° C 0.05

feedback

LNA

= 700 mV

=39kΩ

PP

0.01 0.05

6nV/√Hz

G

Automatic level control (ALC) section

G

ALC

V

ALC_OUT

Voltage gain 20 dB

Regulated output level

600 710 800
(at positive input of the PEA
amplifier)

-40° C < T

< +85° C 597 803

amb

Pre-emphasis amplifier (PEA) section

mA

mA

%

mVpp

Gain bandwidth product

GBP

(PEA-OUT1 pin 17 or

PEA

No load 9 MHz

PEA-OUT2 pin 39)

V

Opp-PEA

Output voltage RL = 22 kΩ 550 mVpp

Doc ID 8120 Rev 7 7/31

Electrical characteristics TSH512

Table 4. Electrical characteristics for VCC = 2.7 V, T

(unless otherwise specified) (continued)

(1)

amb

= 25° C, f

audio

= 1 kHz, f

carrier

= 2.8 MHz

Symbol Parameter Test conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit

Audio LNA+ALC+PEA sections

G

= 0 dB, f = 1 kHz

LNA

(V

in)ALC

< 25 mV

(-30 dBu)

rms

RL = 22 kΩ tied to GND

0.05 0.15

THD

Total harmonic distortion in
linear region on PEA-OUT1

ALC

pin17 or PEA-OUT2 pin 39

< +85° C 0.25

amb

= 36 mV
= 100 mV

amb

= 36 mV
= 100 mV

(-27 dBu)

rms

(-18 dBu)

rms

<+85°C

(-27 dBu)

rms

(-18 dBu)

rms

1.331.7
4

2.5

5.3

70 °

THD

ΦΜ

AGC

PEA

Total harmonic distortion in
compression region

Phase margin at
PEA-OUT1 pin 17 or

PEA-OUT2 pin 39

-40° C < T

(V

in)ALC

(Vin)

ALC

= 22 kΩ tied to GND

R

L

-40° C < T
(V

in)ALC

(Vin)

ALC

=22kΩ

R

L

LNA and PEA at unity gain

= 40 mV

V

in

Microphone biasing section

V

MIC-BIAS

Microphone biasing voltage
(Section 5.3 on page 20)

I

MIC-BIAS

-40° C < T

= 2.5 mA 2.15 2.25 2.35

< +85° C 2.14 2.36

amb

Over temp. range:

ΔV

I

MIC-BIAS

PSRR

MIC-BIAS

MIC-BIAS

V

MIC-BIAS

coefficient

MIC-BIAS current capability Over VCC range [2.3 V–5.5 V] 2.5 mA

Power supply rejection ratio
of MIC-BIAS

temperature

[0, 70° C]
[-40, 85° C]
I

MIC-BIAS

= 2.5 mA

At 1 kHz and V

ripple

= 25 mV

RMS

260
460

50 dB

%

%

V

ppm/°C

en

MIC-BIAS

Equivalent input noise of
MIC-BIAS

VCC=2.7V
VCC=5.0V

Vox operated switch (VOX) section

I

VOX-TIME R

VTH

VOX-TIME R

V

MUTE_L

Monostable current source
(VOX-TIMER pin 29)

Threshold voltage of the
Monostable (time constant)

Low level output voltage
(VOX-MUTE pin 27)

= 2.7V 5 µA

V

CC

= 2 kΩ 0.2

R

L

-40° C < T

RL = 2 kΩ VCC-0.3

V

MUTE_H

High level output voltage
(VOX-MUTE pin 27)

-40° C < T

8/31 Doc ID 8120 Rev 7

22
42

1.4 V

<+85°C 0.2

amb

-

V

<+85°C

amb

CC

0.32

nV/√Hz

V

V

TSH512 Electrical characteristics

Table 4. Electrical characteristics for VCC = 2.7 V, T

(unless otherwise specified) (continued)

(1)

amb

= 25° C, f

audio

= 1 kHz, f

carrier

= 2.8 MHz

Symbol Parameter Test conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit

Standby

V

SBY_IL

maximum

V

SBY_IH

minimum

Maximum low level input
voltage of standby input
(SBY pin 5)

Minimum high level input
voltage of standby input
(SBY pin 5)

0.1xV

0.9xV

CC

CC

VCO section

V

VCO-BIAS

I

VCO-BIAS

δV

VCO-BIAS

PN

SVR

LO

VCO-BIAS

VCO-BIAS output voltage
(VCO-BIAS1 pin 18 or
VCO-BIAS2 pin 38)

VCO-BIAS output current
capability

VCO-BIAS voltage drift

Phase noise

Supply voltage rejection
ratio of VCO-BIAS

With no load 1.43 1.47 1.51

-40° C < T

V

VCO-BIAS

2.3 V < V
[0, 70° C] VCC=2.7V
[0, 70° C] V
[-40, 85° C] VCC=2.7V
[-40, 85° C] VCC=5.0V

At 1 kHz, L = 120 µH (Q = 30) and
R

not connected

VCO

< +85° C 1.38 1.56

amb

> 1.38 V 40 µA

< 5.5 V

CC

8

+265

CC

=5.0V

+356
+265
+356

-80 dBc

With no load 43 dB

VCO output impedance

Z

VCO-OUT

(VCO-OUT1 pin 22 or

400 Ω

VCO-OUT2 pin 34)

ZL

VCO-OUT

minimum

Minimum load impedance 1 kΩ

V

V

V

DC

mV/V
ppm/°C
ppm/°C
ppm/°C
ppm/°C

V

VCO-OUT

Output buffer

Z

BUF-IN

G

OB

V

BUF-OUT

AC

L= 120µH (Q=30)

VCO output level

VCO output connected to output
buffer input R

-40° C < T

= 100 kΩ

VCO

< +85° C 569 671

amb

580 620 660

mVpp

Input impedance
(BUF-IN1 pin 24 or BUF-IN2

400 kΩ

pin 32)

Linear voltage gain 10 dB

Output AC voltage at 1dB
compression point

Output AC voltage

ZL=2kΩ 1.3

ZL=2kΩ V

= 0.60 Vpp 1.35 1.5 1.7

BUF-IN

Vpp

(BUF-OUT1 pin 25 or
BUF-OUT2 pin 31)

-40° C < T

< +85° C 1.33 1.72

amb

Doc ID 8120 Rev 7 9/31

Electrical characteristics TSH512

Table 4. Electrical characteristics for V

(unless otherwise specified) (continued)

= 2.7 V, T

CC

(1)

amb

= 25° C, f

audio

= 1 kHz, f

carrier

= 2.8 MHz

Symbol Parameter Test conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit

V

BUF-OUT

H2

BUF-OUT

H3

BUF-OUT

DC

Output DC voltage DC output current = 0.4 mA 1.25 V

2nd harmonic level V

3rd harmonic level V

BUF-OUT

BUF-OUT

= 1.2 Vpp and ZL=2kΩ -40 dBc

=1.2Vpp and ZL=2kΩ -30 dBc

1. Limits over -40° C < Tamb < +85° C range are guaranteed by statistical correlation.

3.1 Supply section

Figure 3. Supply current vs. supply voltage

18

TX1+TX2+Buffers

16

TX1+TX2

14

TX1+Buffers

12

10

(mA)

8

CC

I

6

4

2

0

0123456

TX1

VCC(V)

DC

3.2 Audio section

Figure 4. LNA distortion vs. frequency Figure 5. LNA distortion vs. LNA output

+N (%)

LNA

THD

10/31 Doc ID 8120 Rev 7

1

VCC = 2.7V
G

= 0dB

LNA

V

OUT-LNA

0.1

0.01
10 100 1000 10000

Frequency (Hz)

= 700mV

voltage

100

G

= 0dB

LNA

pp

10

1

+N (%)

LNA

0.1

THD

0.01

1E-3

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600

VCC = 2.3V

V

OUT-LNA

(mVpp)

VCC = 2.7V

VCC = 5.5V

TSH512 Electrical characteristics

Figure 6. Supply current vs. temperature Figure 7. LNA distortion vs. frequency

16

14

TX1+TX2+Buffers

TX1+TX2

12

10

(mA)

8

CC

I

TX1+Buffers

6

4

2

VCC = 2.7V

0

020406080

T

(°C)

AMB

TX1

Figure 8. PEA output voltage vs. LNA input

10

VCC = 2.7V
G

= 40dB

LNA

V

= 700mV

OUT-LNA

+N (%)

1

LNA

THD

0.1
10 100 1000 10000

Frequency (Hz)

Figure 9. PEA output voltage vs. temperature

voltage

0.8

0.7

0.6

)

0.5

PP

(V

VCC = 2.3V

VCC = 2.7V

VCC = 5.5V

0.4

OUT-PEA

V

0.3

0.2

0.1

0.0

0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40

V

IN-LNA(Vpp

R

= 22KΩ

L-PEA

G

= 0dB

LNA

G

= 0dB

PEA

)

Figure 10. PEA output voltage vs. resistor

load

800

700

600

)

500

PP

(V

VCC = 2.7V

400

OUT-PEA

V

300

200

R

=22KΩ

L-PEA

G

= 0dB

LNA

100

G

= 0dB

PEA

0

-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80

T

(°C)

AMB

Figure 11. MIC-BIAS output voltage vs. supply

voltage

pp

VCC = 5V

600

VCC = 2.7V

500

)

PP

(mV

400

OUT-PEA

V

300

4.5
I

= 2.5mA

4.0

3.5

(V)

3.0

MIC-BIAS

V

MIC-BIAS

2.5

2.0

200

100 1k 10k 100k 1M

R

(Ω)

L-PEA

1.5

2.02.53.03.54.04.55.05.56.0

VCC(V)

Doc ID 8120 Rev 7 11/31

Electrical characteristics TSH512

Figure 12. MIC-BIAS voltage vs. MC-BIAS

current

2.4

2.2

(V)

2.0

MIC-BIAS

V

VCC = 2.3V

1.8

1.6

01234

I

(mA)

MIC-BIAS

Figure 14. MIC-BIAS output voltage vs.

temperature

2.4

VCC = 2.7V
I

= 2.5mA

MIC-BIAS

2.3

(V)

MIC-BIAS

V

2.2

Figure 13. LNA+ALC+PEA distortion vs. input

voltage

10

R

= 22KΩ

L-PEA

G

= 0dB

LNA

G

= 0dB

PEA

+N (%)

LNA+ALC+PEA

THD

0.1

VCC = 2.7V

1

VCC = 2.3V

VCC = 5.5V

0.01

0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.10

VIN(Vpp)

Figure 15. MIC-BIAS voltage vs. MIC-BIAS

current

2.40

VCC=2.7V

2.35

(V)

2.30

MIC-BIAS

V

2.25

2.1

-40-30-20-10 0 1020304050607080

T

(°C)

AMB

12/31 Doc ID 8120 Rev 7

2.20
0123

I

(mA)

MIC-BIAS

TSH512 Electrical characteristics

3.3 RF section

Figure 16. VCO output voltage vs. R

VCO

Figure 17. VCO-BIAS voltage vs. VCO-BIAS

current

700

VCC = 2.7V

650

L = 120µH (Q=30)
F

= 2.8MHz

CARRIER

600

)

PP

550

(mV

500

VCO-OUT

450

V

400

350

300

10k 100k 1M

R

(Ω)

VCO

1.45
VCC = 2.7V
R

= 51Ω

filter

C

= 470nF

filter

1.40

(V)

VCO-BIAS

V

1.35

1.30

0 1020304050

I

(mA)

VCO-BIAS

Figure 18. VCO and output buffer spectrum Figure 19. VCO-BIAS voltage vs. temperature

60

50

40

30

20

(dBmV)

10

BUF-OUT

V

0

VCC = 2.7V
R

= 22kΩ

VCO

ZL = 2kΩ
F

= 2.8MHz

CARRIER

-10

-20

-30
369121518

Frequency(MHz)

1.6

VCC = 2.7V
No Load

1.5

(V)

VCO-BIAS

V

1.4

1.3

-40-30-20-10 0 1020304050607080

T

(°C)

AMB

Figure 20. VCO and output buffer spectrum

60

50

40

30

20

(dBmV)

10

BUF-OUT

V

0

-10

-20

-30

2.795

2.796

2.797

2.798

2.799

Frequency(MHz)

2.800

VCC = 2.7V
L = 120µH (Q=30)
R

= no connected

VCO

ZL = 2kΩ
BW = 200Hz
F

= 2.8MHz

CARRIER

2.801

2.802

2.803

2.804

2.805

Doc ID 8120 Rev 7 13/31

Application information TSH512

4 Application information

This section gives application information for some typical applications.

4.1 Infrared stereo transmitter application (stereo headphones)

In this application, shown in Figure 21, the hi-fi stereo audio is amplified and level regulated
by ALC. The carrier of each transmitter TX1 or TX2 of the TSH512 is modulated in FM and
buffered to drive the LED.

Figure 21. Hi-fi stereo headphone block diagram

IR ster eo HiFi trans mitt er Headphone side

Vcc: 2.3 to 5.5V

Current < 15 mA

2.3 MH z

filter

Right

channel

Line inputs

Left

channel

LNA + ALC

LNA + ALC

Powers upply:

2.3 to 5.5V

Icc < 20 mA stereo

TSH512 TSH511

VOX

VOX

:

TX2

TX2

TX1

TX1

buffe r2

buffe r1

SBY

Vcc

LED

LED

iFi

H

2.3 & 2.8 MHz carriers

stereo

photodiode

:

:

LNA

filter

RX2

RX2

RX1

RX1

filter

2.8 MH z

Audi o
amp2

20 mW / 16 Ω

20 mW / 16 Ω

Audio
amp1

²SQUELCH

²SQUELCHSQUELCH

SBY2

SBY1

20 mW / 16 Ω

20 mW / 16 Ω

The audio signals are transmitted on the left and the right channels using 2.8- and 2.3-MHz
carriers. The VOX activates the TX1 transmitter when the audio signal is present
(Figure 22).

14/31 Doc ID 8120 Rev 7

TSH512 Application information

Figure 22. Application diagram

D6

HSDL4230

D7

HSDL4230

HSDL4230

100nF

100uF

See Note

C21

56pF

VCC

Q1

STZT2222A

R18

47

R38

1K2

C48

C25

100nF

22pF

6

784

+5V

3

2

IC3 TSH81

R17

2K4

C24

22nF

C23

100nF

R16

10uF

31

BUF-IN2

+

PEA

-

+

-

LNA

30

BUF-OUT2

ALC

+5V

GND

TSH512

150K

29

28

VOX-INTN

VOX-TIMER

IC2

VOX

3K9

C22

R15

32

33

GND

VCO-OUT2

VCO-B2

VCO-A2

VCO-BIAS2

PEA-OUT2

PEA-INN2

ALC-INT2

LNA-OUT2

LNA-INN2

LNA-INP2

DEC21MIC-BIAS22GND3VCC4SBY5VOX-INTS6VOX-SENS7VCC8GND9MIC-BIAS110DEC1

C151uF

100mW mini

R19

10

C39

+5V

27

26

VOX-MUTE

Monostable

-

+

R23

(1206)

C40

VCC

R27

470nF

25

BUF-OUT1

ALC

+5V

2K4

22nF

24

BUF-IN1

PEA

+

LNA+-

R29

2K7

R28

24K

+5V

120uH

1812LS (Coilcraft)

L2

C38

56pF

23

GND

VCO-OUT1

22

VCO-B1

21

VCO-A1

20

VCC

19

VCO-BIAS1

18

PEA-OUT1

17

PEA-INN1

-

11

C30

1uF

ALC-INT1

LNA-OUT1

LNA-INN1

LNA-INP1

16

15

14

13

12

C31

+5V

R25

47

100nF

R26

47K

+5V

C34

470nF

C321uF

R24
470k

C37

C36

470nF

56pF

56pF

C35

470pF

6-60pF

C45

C44
39pF

100K

R35

100nF

C33

R32

68pF

C47

C46

12pF

D8

SMV1212

270K

47K

R37

R36

C43

3K

R33

10K

47
R31

5K6
R30

TX1 = 2.8MHz

7K5
R34

2nF2

C42

C41

10uF

390pF

L1

C11

SMV1212

270K

R9

R7

3K
R6

R3

R2

120uH

12pF

39pF

47K

C8

100nF

C6

R4

10K

47

5K6

C12

D3

TX2 = 2.3MHz

7K5

R5

C5

2nF2

C4

10uF

1812LS (Coilcraft)

C20

6-60pF

C10

C19

C9

100K
R8

C7

470nF

470pF

56pF

56pF

1uF
C17

VOX

R15

R14

+5V

470nF

Vcc

Vcc

C18

R12

470K

HSDL4230

D4

D5

C27

C26

ON

OFF

NC

0 Ohm

47K

34

35

36

+5V

37

R13

38

47

39

40

41

42

43

44

C16

100nF

470nF

C29

C13

220nF

123

J2

470nF

R21

33K

JACK3.5ST

C28

R22

1K8

R20

8K2

470nF

R11

1K8

R10

8K2

C14

Doc ID 8120 Rev 7 15/31

Application information TSH512

4.2 Sub-carrier generator application: voice-operated wireless camera

Thanks to its operating frequency, the TSH512 offers the possibility of generating usual
audio sub-carriers for video applications (Figure 23). The camera can be voice-activated
using the VOX-MUTE output of the TSH512. The TSH512 also provides bias, amplification,
ALC for the electret microphone.

Figure 23. Typical block diagram for audio sub-carrier generator

Mini ature camera

Mini ature camera

Video

Stand-By

Stand-By

Electret Condenser

Electret Condenser
Microphone

Microphone

TSH512

TSH512

LNA + ALC

LNA + ALC

MIC. BIAS

MIC. BIAS

MIC. BIAS

MIC. BIAS

LNA + ALC

LNA + ALC

TX2

TX2

VOX

VOX

TX1

TX1

6 or 6.5 MHz

6 or 6.5 MHz

Video

filter

filter

buffer2

buffer2

SBY

SBY

buffer1

buffer1

Sub-carrier

Sub-carrier

Vcc

Vcc

VOX- MUTE

VOX- MUTE

6 or 6.5 MHz

6 or 6.5 MHz
Audio sub-carrier

Audio sub-carrier

S

S

FM 2.4 GHz

FM 2.4 GHz
transmitter

transmitter

Stand-By

Stand-By

4.3 Multimedia application

4.3.1 Headset side

The TSH512 is used in mono mode to transmit the signal of the electret condenser
microphone of the headset. The circuit is supplied by batteries and the VOX function
switches off the output stages to save energy. The usual working frequency is 1.7 MHz for
infrared mono operation.

16/31 Doc ID 8120 Rev 7

TSH512 Application information

Figure 24. Headset-side block diagram

TSH511 & 512 supply :

2.3 to 5.5V, 25 mA

:

Voice transmitted to the PC

TSH5 12

LNA + ALC

MIC. BIAS

MIC. BIAS

LNA + ALC

TX2

VOX

TX1

1.7 MHz

Band-p ass

-

filter

filter

4.3.2 Computer side

In multimedia applications, the TSH512 transmits the hi-fi stereo from the PC to the
headset.

buffer2

buffer1

SBY

HiFi stereo from the PC:

HiFi

2 x 20 mW /16 Ω

Vcc

Vcc

Vcc

LED

TSH5 11

Audi o
amp2

Audi o
amp1

1.7 MHz
reject

f ilter

f ilter

RX2

SQUELCH

SQUELCH

RX1

SBY1

SBY2

filter filter

filter filter

1.7 MHz
reject

Microphon e Tx:

Microphon e Tx:

1.7 MHz

1.7 MHz
carrier

carrier

2.3 MHz

-

Band-p ass

filter

filter

2.8 MHz

Band-p ass

-pass

LNA

photodiode

Stere o R x:

Stere o R x:

2.3 & 2.8 MHz

2.3 & 2.8 MHz

Figure 25. Computer-side block diagram

TSH511 & 512 supply:

2.3 to 5.5V, 24 mA

mono Rx:

1.7 MHz

HiFi stereo Tx:

2.3 & 2.8 MHz

buffe r2

LED

SBY

buffe r1

TX2

VOX

TX1

TSH5 12

LNA + ALC

LNA + ALC

photodiode

Voice from the heads et microphoneHiFi stereo

LNA

RX2

RX1

filter

1.7 MHz

Band-pass

TSH5 11

SQUELCHSQUELCH

SBY1

SBY2

Vcc

Audio
amp2

Audio
amp1

Doc ID 8120 Rev 7 17/31

General description TSH512

5 General description

The TSH512 is a 0.4- to 11-MHz dual FM analog transmitter. This circuit offers the functions
needed for an advanced infrared STEREO transmitter. The access pins for each section
allow high versatility and therefore a lot of applications: mono infrared transmitter, stereo
transmitter, mono/stereo sub-carrier generator for video transmissions (for example the
popular 2.4 GHz video links). The block diagram for the TSH512 is shown in Figure 1 on

page 4.

Each audio input is amplified with a low noise amplifier (LNA section) allowing connection
to line level sources or directly to a microphone. Built-in MIC BIAS voltage references
provide bias for electret condenser microphones (ECM) with a high power supply rejection
ratio.

Each audio path also includes an automatic level control (ALC) to limit the over­modulation and the distortion on very high signal amplitudes. The following operational
amplifier (PEA) allows a pre-emphasis transfer function before modulating the varicap
diode.

Built-in voltage references (VCO-BIAS) offer a regulated voltage to bias the varicap diodes.
The voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) is an integrated oscillator giving typically 600 mV
peak-to-peak at 2.8 MHz.

The output buffer section linearly amplifies the FM carrier to provide a sinusoidal output.
This sinusoidal signal reduces the inter-modulation products between the carriers,
especially in two-way or in multi-carrier systems (see Section 4: Application information on

page 14).

The voice operated transmit function (VOX) automatically detects when an audio signal
appears over the background noise.

The standby of the second transmitter reduces consumption in mono operation.

5.1 LNA section: low noise amplifier

For each transmitter, the audio source is connected to the LNA. The LNA stage is a low
noise operational amplifier typically usable with a gain from 0 to 40 dB.

18/31 Doc ID 8120 Rev 7

TSH512 General description

Figure 26. LNA schematics

The LNA gain is given by:

G

(dB) = 20.Log(1+R

LNA

LNA2/RLNA1

)

The high-pass cut-off frequency is:

f

= 1/(2.π.R

HPF

LNA1.CLNA1

)

The lowpass filter cut-off frequency is:

f

= 1/(2.π.R

LPF

LNA2.CLNA2

)

If you connect an external circuit to the LNA output, the impedance of this external circuit
should be higher than 10 mΩ

and the capacitance lower than 50 pF in order to keep a good

stability.

Note: The capacitor C must be connected directly to input pin 12.

5.2 Electret condenser microphone source

When an electret condenser microphone (ECM) is used, a high gain LNA is recommended,
but low frequencies have to be attenuated. The ECM must be biased with a stable and clean
reference voltage. The TSH512 provides the LNA and the MIC-BIAS sections to perform this
function (see Section 5.3. MIC-BIAS section: microphone bias voltage).

Doc ID 8120 Rev 7 19/31

General description TSH512

Figure 27. Electret condenser microphone source

The capacitor C in series with the microphone stops the DC coming from MIC-BIAS.

The resistor R provides the DC from MIC-BIAS to supply the ECM.

Thanks to the automatic level control (ALC), the great variations of amplitude will not over­modulate the transmitter (refer to the Section 5.4: ALC section: automatic level control).

The self-adaptive VOX (voice operated transmit) offers automatic transmitting with a good
discrimination of the background noise (see Section 5.5: VOX description: voice operated

transmit on page 21).

5.3 MIC-BIAS section: microphone bias voltage

The MIC-BIAS bias voltages are dedicated to the bias of electret condenser microphones.
These bias voltages on pin 10 for TX1 and pin 2 for TX2 exhibit a low voltage noise density
of 22 nV/√Hz
(Figure 27).

The MIC-BIAS voltage is related to V

V

Moreover, the supply rejection ratio is guaranteed to be better than 50 dB without any
decoupling capacitor. To address biasing of most of the microphones, the current drive
capability is 2.5 mA. The MIC-BIAS voltage depends linearly on the supply voltage V
(refer to Figure 11 on page 11).

). This allows more than 55 dB S/N considering a bandwidth of 7 kHz

as follows (with I

MIC-BIAS

CC

= 0.844.Vcc-0.140 (volts)

MIC-BIAS

= 2.5 mA):

CC

20/31 Doc ID 8120 Rev 7

TSH512 General description

5.4 ALC section: automatic level control

Both transmitters of the TSH512 include an automatic level control (ALC). When the level of
the audio signal is too high, the ALC compresses the signal in order to avoid over­modulation of the FM VCO. In this way, the ALC reduces the distortion and maintains a
reduced transmit spectrum with very high amplitude signals.

Figure 28. Automatic level control schematics

The ALC features a 20 dB gain and an output signal regulated to 700 mVpp in compression.

The attack time is the response time of the ALC to go from the linear amplification to the
compression region. The attack time mainly depends on the capacitor value of C
A typical value of C

is 1 µF with music as the audio signal (refer to Figure 22 on

ALC

page 15).

The decay time is the response time the ALC requires to recover to full gain amplifying
mode after being in compression mode. The decay time depends mainly on the R
resistor value. A typical value of R

is 470 kΩ, with music as audio signal (Figure 22).

ALC

5.5 VOX description: voice operated transmit

The voice operated transmit (VOX) section reduces consumption when there is no audio
signal to transmit. When the VOX detects that no audio signal is present, it mutes the output
buffers of TX1 and TX2 and provides the logic signal VOX-MUTE to switch-off the external
LED drivers if needed.

The audio signal of TX1 is amplified with a gain dependent on the values of R
R

sens

and C

are connected to pin 7. The high-pass filtering has the following cut-off

sens

frequency:

f

HPF

------------------------------------------------- -=

2π R

1

sensCsens

⋅()

sens

.

ALC

ALC

and C

sens

.

Doc ID 8120 Rev 7 21/31

General description TSH512

Figure 29. VOX delay and sensitivity schematics

On pin 6, R

peak

and C

integrate the rectified audio signal with a short time constant. This

peak

filtered signal follows the audio amplitude.

Figure 30. VOX integrator and monostable schematics

The self-adaptive VOX threshold is necessary because the ambient background noise
variation is slow compared to the voice or the music. On pin 28, R

COMP

and C

COMP

integrate the amplitude to follow the background amplitude. Therefore, the comparator
switches when an audio signal appears over the background noise. Referring to Figure 2,
C
audio signal.

will be typically a 100 nF capacitor and R

COMP

will be determined depending on the

COMP

As soon as an audio signal is detected, the output of the monostable switches to "high" state
and enables both output buffers. The monostable output is pin 27 and is called VOX-MUTE.

22/31 Doc ID 8120 Rev 7

TSH512 General description

The monostable holds the TSH512 in transmit mode during a delay fixed by the value of
C

connected to pin 29.

TRIG

1.4V

⎛⎞

VOX

DELAY

------------

⎝⎠

5μA

C

⋅=

trig

Note that the VOX function is activated when the audio signal enters the first transmitter
TX1.

When the application needs a permanent transmission, it is possible to inhibit the VOX
function, by removing the Ctrig capacitor and connecting pin 29 to ground.

As soon as the TSH512 is powered-on, the internal reset circuitry sets the VOX-MUTE to
high state to enable transmission. The transmission remains during the monostable timing
and continues if an audio signal triggers the monostable.

Figure 31. VOX state at power-on

on

POWER SUPPLY

off

VOX -MUTE

high state if retriggered by audio

1

VOX Delay
(Ctrig)

0

time

Doc ID 8120 Rev 7 23/31

General description TSH512

5.6 PEA section: pre-emphasis

The amplitude-regulated audio coming from the ALC feeds the positive input of the
operational amplifier called PEA (pre-emphasis). The pre-emphasis consists in a high-pass
filter in order to compensate the behavior of the FM transmission.

Figure 32. Pre-emphasis schematics

R

PEA1

and C

τ = R

PEA1

set the time constant of the pre-emphasis as:

PEA1

. C

PEA1

50 µs or 75 µs time constants are generally used.

Choosing the gain of the PEA stage also allows one to set the right modulation level to the
varicap diode. The gain in the passband is:

G

= 1+ (R

PEA

PEA2/RPEA1

)

24/31 Doc ID 8120 Rev 7

TSH512 General description

5.7 VCO section: voltage-controlled oscillator

Each TSH512 transmitter has its own oscillator to generate the carrier. The audio signal is
applied to the varicap diode to perform the frequency modulation. Thanks to the VCO-BIAS
voltage reference, the DC bias of the varicap is stabilized. The high power supply rejection
ratio (PSRR) of the VCO-BIAS ensures good immunity with the noise of the power supply.

Figure 33. VCO schematics

The generated frequency can be set from 400 kHz to 11 MHz by external components.
Refer to Ta bl e 1 for the usual frequencies in infrared audio.

The working frequency is:

1

-------------------------------- -=

2π LC

⋅()

t

where C

C

t

f

VCO

is the total capacity of CL, Cp, Cs and Cv:

t

= 1/(1/Cc+1/CL) with Cc = Cp+1/(1/Cv+1/Cs)

It is possible to use varicap diodes SMV1212 (Alpha Ind.) or ZC833 (Zetex).

Table 5. Usual infrared frequencies

IR frequency in MHz Applications

1.6 AM mono

1.7 FM mono

2.3 FM right channel

2.8 FM left channel or mono

The output level of the VCO can be reduced by adding the resistor RVCO between pin 19
and pin 20 or between pin 36 and pin 37 for TX1 and TX2 respectively.

Doc ID 8120 Rev 7 25/31

General description TSH512

5.8 Output buffer section

The output buffers can deliver a sinusoidal signal with a 1.5 Vpp amplitude in a 1 kΩ load.
This impedance is compatible with popular biasing circuitry of external transistor drivers of
IR LEDs.

The VOX-MUTE logic signal can be used to control the external LED drivers. When the
audio is not present on the TX1 input, VOX-MUTE is in Low state, the TSH512’s internal
buffers are muted, and the external drivers can be switched off by controlling their bias.

5.9 SBY pin: standby for mono operation

A high state on the Standby pin (SBY) sets the second transmitter TX2 to power-down. The
SBY pin is typically used when the TSH512 is used as a mono transmitter (that is, infrared
microphone transmitter).

26/31 Doc ID 8120 Rev 7

TSH512 Package information

6 Package information

In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in different grades of
ECOPACK
specifications, grade definitions and product status are available at: www.st.com.
ECOPACK

®

packages, depending on their level of environmental compliance. ECOPACK®

®

is an ST trademark.

Doc ID 8120 Rev 7 27/31

Package information TSH512

6.1 TQFP44 package information

Figure 34. TQFP44 package mechanical drawing

Table 6. TQFP44 package mechanical data

Dimensions

Ref.

Min. Typ. Max. Min. Typ. Max.

A 1.6 0.063

A1 0.05 0.15 0.002 0.006

A2 1.35 1.40 1.45 0.053 0.055 0.057

b 0.30 0.37 0.45 0.012 0.015 0.018

c 0.09 0.20 0.004 0.008

D 11.80 12 12.20 0.465 0.472 0.480

D1 9.80 10.00 10.20 0.386 0.394 0.402

D3 8.00 0.315

E 11.80 12.00 12.20 0.465 0.472 0.480

E1 9.80 10.00 10.20 0.386 0.394 0.402

E3 8.00 0.315

e 0.80 0.031

L 0.45 0.60 0.75 0.018 0.024 0.030

L1 1.00 0.039

K 0°3.5°7° 0°3.5°7°

Millimeters Inches

ccc 0.10 0.004

28/31 Doc ID 8120 Rev 7

TSH512 Ordering information

7 Ordering information

Table 7. Order codes

Part number

TSH512CF

TSH512CFT Tape & reel

TSH512CYFT

1. Qualification and characterization according to AEC Q100 and Q003 or equivalent, advanced screening
according to AEC Q001 & Q 002 or equivalent.

Temperature

-40° C to +85°C

(1)

range

Package Packing Marking

TQFP44

TQFP44

(automotive grade level)

Tr ay

Tape & reel TSH512CYF

TSH512C

Doc ID 8120 Rev 7 29/31

Revision history TSH512

8 Revision history

Table 8. Document revision history

Date Revision Changes

08-Aug-2001 1 First release corresponding to preliminary data version of datasheet.

Datasheet updated for Maturity 30:

09-Sep-2001 2

01-Dec-2003 3

01-Apr-2005 4

– ESD sensitive device sentence added
– 4 curves updated
– Electrical parameters updated

Specific content changes as follows:
– Application diagrams updated
– Releases on curves
– Application schematic diagram update
– Electrical parameters updated

Pin connection updated on Figure 1 on page 4.
Rthja value added on Table 1 on page 3.
Schematic updated on Figure 2 on page 6.
Schematic updated on Figure 26 on page 19.

14-Oct- 2005 5 PPAP reference inserted in the datasheet, see order codes table.

Document reformatted with minor text changes.

13-Nov-2007 6

Added footnote for automotive grade order codes to order codes
table.

< +85° C in Ta bl e 4 .

amb

28-May-2009 7

Added data at -40° C < T
Updated package mechanical drawing in Chapter 6: Package

information.

30/31 Doc ID 8120 Rev 7

TSH512

Please Read Carefully:

Information in this document is provided solely in connection with ST products. STMicroelectronics NV and its subsidiaries (“ST”) reserve the
right to make changes, corrections, modifications or improvements, to this document, and the products and services described herein at any
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