ST PSD813F1-A User Manual

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Flash In-System Programmable (ISP) Peripherals

FEATURES SUMMARY

■ Single Supply Voltage:

– 5 V±10% for PSD813F1-A – 3.3 V±10% for PSD813F1-AV

■ Up to 1Mbit of Primary Flash Memory (8 uniform

sectors)

■ 256Kbit Secondary EEPROM (4 uniform

sectors)

■ Up to 16Kbit SRAM

■ Over 3,000 Gates of PLD: DPLD and CPLD

■ 27 Reconfigurable I/O ports

■ Enhanced JTAG Serial Port

■ Programmable power management

■ High Endurance:

– 100,000 Erase/Write Cycles of Flash Memory – 10,000 Erase/Write Cycles of EEPROM – 1,000 Erase/Write Cycles of PLD

PSD813F1-A

For 8-bi t MCUs

PRELIMINARY DATA

Figure 1. Packages

PQFP52 (T)

PLCC52 (K)

January 2002

This is preliminary information on a new product now in development or undergoing evaluation. Details are subject to change without notice.

1/3

Revision A Flash PSD

PSD813F1-A

Flash In-System-Programmable Microcontroller Peripherals

Table of Contents

1.0 Introduction...........................................................................................................................................................1

2.0 Key Features ........................................................................................................................................................2

PSD813F1 Block Diagram .............................................................................................................................4

3.0 General Information..............................................................................................................................................5

4.0 PSD813F1 Family.................................................................................................................................................5

5.0 PSD813F1 Architectural Overview .......................................................................................................................6

5.1 Memory...................................................................................................................................................6

5.2 Page Register.........................................................................................................................................6

5.3 PLDs.......................................................................................................................................................6

5.4 I/O Ports..................................................................................................................................................7

5.5 Microcontroller Bus Interface..................................................................................................................7

5.6 JTAG Port...............................................................................................................................................7

5.7 In-System Programming.........................................................................................................................8

5.8 Power Management................................................................................................................................8

6.0 Development System............................................................................................................................................9

7.0 PSD813F1 Pin Descriptions ...............................................................................................................................10

8.0 PSD813F1 Register Description and Address Offset.........................................................................................14

9.0 PSD813F1 Functional Blocks.............................................................................................................................15

9.1 Memory Blocks.....................................................................................................................................15

9.1.1 Main Flash and Secondary EEPROM........................................................................................15

9.1.2 SRAM.........................................................................................................................................29

9.1.3 Memory Select Signals...............................................................................................................29

9.1.4 Page Register.............................................................................................................................32

9.2 PLDs.....................................................................................................................................................33

9.2.1 Decode PLD (DPLD)..................................................................................................................35

9.2.2 Complex PLD (CPLD)................................................................................................................35

9.3 Microcontroller Bus Interface................................................................................................................44

9.3.1 PSD813F Interface to a Multiplexed 8-bit Bus ...........................................................................44

9.3.2 PSD813F Interface to a Non-Multiplexed 8-bit Bus....................................................................44

9.3.3 Data Byte Enable Reference......................................................................................................47

9.3.4 Microcontroller Interface Examples............................................................................................47

9.4 I/O Ports................................................................................................................................................52

9.4.1 General Port Architecture...........................................................................................................52

9.4.2 Port Operating Modes................................................................................................................54

9.4.3 Port Configuration Registers (PCRs) .........................................................................................57

9.4.4 Port Data Registers....................................................................................................................60

9.4.5 Ports A and B – Functionality and Structure ............................................................................61

9.4.6 Port C – Functionality and Structure ........................................................................................63

9.4.7 Port D – Functionality and Structure ........................................................................................63

9.5 Power Management..............................................................................................................................67

9.5.1 Automatic Power Down (APD) Unit and Power Down Mode .....................................................67

9.5.2 Other Power Saving Options......................................................................................................71

9.5.3 Reset and Power On Requirement ............................................................................................72

For additional information,

Call 800-832-6974 Fax: 510-657-8495

Web Site: http://www.psdst.com

E-mail: ask.psd@st.com

Revision A Flash PSD

PSD813F1-A

Flash In-System-Programmable Microcontroller Peripherals

Table of Contents

(cont.)

9.6 Programming In-Circuit Using the JTAG Interface ...............................................................................73

9.6.1 Standard JTAG Signals..............................................................................................................74

9.6.2 JTAG Extensions........................................................................................................................75

9.6.3 Security and Flash Memories and EEPROM Protection............................................................75

Absolute Maximum Ratings.........................................................................................................................................76

AD/DC Parameters......................................................................................................................................................77

Example of PSD813F Typical Power Calculation at VCC= 5.0 V.......................................................................78

PSD813F1 DC Characteristics (5 V ± 10% Versions)........................................................................................80

PSD813F1 AD/DC Parameters – CPLD Timing Parameters (5 V ± 10% versions).........................................81

PSD813F1V DC Characteristics (3 V Versions).................................................................................................91

PSD813F1V AC/DC Parameters – CPLD Timing Parameters (3 V versions).................................................92

Timing Diagrams .......................................................................................................................................................100

Programming.............................................................................................................................................................107

PSD813F1 Pin Assignments.....................................................................................................................................108

PSD813F1 Package Information...............................................................................................................................110

Selector Guide...........................................................................................................................................................113

Part Number Construction.........................................................................................................................................114

Ordering Information..................................................................................................................................................114

Product Revisions......................................................................................................................................................115

iii

PSD813F1-A Family Preliminary

For additional information,

Call 800-832-6974 Fax: 510-657-8495

Web Site: http://www.psdst.com

E-mail: ask.psd@st.com

1.0 Introduction

Preliminary

Programmable Peripheral

Revision A Flash PSD PSD813F1-A

Flash In-System-Programmable Microcontroller Peripherals

The PSD813F1 family of Programmable Microcontroller (MCU) Peripherals brings In-System-Programmability (ISP) to Flash memory and programmable logic. The result is a simple and flexible solution for embedded designs. PSD813F1 devices combine many of the peripheral functions found in MCU based applications:

• 1 Mbit of Flash memory

• A second EEPROM memory

• Over 3,000 gates of Flash programmable logic

• SRAM

• Reconfigurable I/O ports

• Programmable power management.

PSD813F1 devices integrate an optimized “microcontroller macrocell” logic architecture called the Micro⇔CellTM. The Micro⇔Cell was created to address the unique requirements of embedded system designs. It allows direct connection between the system address/data bus and the internal PSD registers to simplify communication between the MCU and other supporting devices.

PSD813F1-A Preliminary

1.0 Introduction

(Cont.)

The PSD813F1 family offers two methods to program PSD Flash memory while the PSD is soldered to a circuit board.

❏ In-System Programming (ISP) JTAG

An IEEE 1149.1 compliant JTAG interface is included on the PSD enabling the entire device (Flash memory, EEPROM, the PLD, and all configuration) to be rapidly programmed while soldered to the circuit board. This requires no MCU participation, which means the PSD can be programmed anytime, even while completely blank.

The innovative JTAG interface to flash memories is an industry first, solving key problems faced by designers and manufacturing houses, such as:

• First time programming – How do I get firmware into the flash the very first time?

JTAG is the answer, program the PSD while blank with no MCU involvement.

• Inventory build-up of pre-programmed devices – How do I maintain an accurate

count of pre-programmed flash memory and PLD devices based on customer demand? How many and what version? JTAG is the answer, build your hardware with blank PSDs soldered directly to the board and then custom program just before they are shipped to customer. No more labels on chips and no more wasted inventory.

• Expensive sockets – How do I eliminate the need for expensive and unreliable

sockets? JTAG is the answer. Solder the PSD directly to the circuit board. Program first time and subsequent times with JTAG. No need to handle devices and bend the fragile leads.

❏ In-Application Programming (IAP)

Two independent memory arrays (Flash and EEPROM) are included so the MCU can execute code from one memory while erasing and programming the other. Robust product firmware updates in the field are possible over any communication channel (CAN, Ethernet, UART, J1850, etc) using this unique architecture. Designers are relieved of these problems:

• Simultaneous read and write to flash memory – How can the MCU program the

same memory from which it is executing code? It cannot. The PSD allows the MCU to operate the two memories concurrently, reading code from one while erasing and programming the other during IAP.

• Complex memory mapping – I have only a 64K-byte address space to start with.

How can I map these two memories efficiently? A Programmable Decode PLD is the answer. The concurrent PSD memories can be mapped anywhere in MCU address space, segment by segment with extremely high address resolution. As an option, the secondary flash memory can be swapped out of the system memory map when IAP is complete. A built-in page register breaks the 64K-byte address limit.

• Separate program and data space – How can I write to flash or EEPROM memory

while it resides in “program” space during field firmware updates, my MCU won’t allow it! The flash PSD provides means to “reclassify” flash or EEPROM memory as “data” space during IAP, then back to “program” space when complete.

PSDsoft —ST’s software development tool—now has the ability to generate ANSI-C compliant code for use with your target MCU. The code generated allows you to manipulate the non-volatile memory (NVM) within the PSD. Code examples are also provided for:

• Flash ISP via the UART of the host MCU

• Memory paging to execute code across several PSD memory pages

• Loading, reading, and manipulation of PSD Micro⇔Cells by the MCU

The PSD813F1 is available in a 52-pin PLCC package and a 64-pin plastic Thin Quad Flatpack (TQFP) package.

Preliminary PSD813F1-A

❏ A simple interface to 8-bit microcontrollers that use either multiplexed or

non-multiplexed busses. The bus interface logic uses the control signals generated by the microcontroller automatically when the address is decoded and a read or write is performed. A partial list of the MCU families supported include:

• Intel 8031, 80196, 80186, 80C251, and 80386EX

• Motorola 68HC11, 68HC16, 68HC12, and 683XX

• Philips 8031 and 8051XA

• Zilog Z80 and Z8

❏ Internal 1 Mbit Flash memory. This is the main Flash memory. It is divided into eight

equal-sized blocks that can be accessed with user-specified addresses.

❏ Internal secondary 256 Kbit EEPROM memory. It is divided into four equal-sized blocks

that can be accessed with user-specified addresses. This secondary memory brings the ability to execute code and update the main Flash concurrently.

❏ 16 Kbit scratchpad SRAM. The SRAM’s contents can be protected from a power failure

by connecting an external battery.

❏ Optional 64 byte One Time Programmable (OTP) memory that can be used for product

configuration and calibration.

❏ CPLD with 16 Output Micro⇔Cells (OMCs) and 24 Input Micro⇔Cells (IMCs). The

CPLD may be used to efficiently implement a variety of logic functions for internal and external control. Examples include state machines, loadable shift registers, and loadable counters.

❏ Decode PLD (DPLD) that decodes address for selection of internal memory blocks.

The DPLD can also be used to generate external chip selects.

❏ 27 individually configurable I/O port pins that can be used for the following functions:

• MCU I/Os

• PLD I/Os

• Latched MCU address output

• Special function I/Os.

• 16 of the I/O ports may be configured as open-drain outputs.

❏ Standby current as low as 50 µA for 5 V devices, 25 µA for 3 V devices. ❏ Built-in JTAG compliant serial port allows full-chip In-System Programmability (ISP).

With it, you can program a blank device or reprogram a device in the factory or the field.

❏ Internal page register that can be used to expand the microcontroller address space by

a factor of 256.

❏ Internal programmable Power Management Unit (PMU) that supports a low power mode

called Power Down Mode. The PMU can automatically detect a lack of microcontroller activity and put the PSD813F1 into Power Down Mode.

❏ Erase/Write cycles:

• Flash memory – 100,000 minimum

• EEPROM – 10,000 minimum

• PLD – 1,000 minimum

• Data Retention: 15 year minimum at 90 degrees Celsius (for Main Flash, Boot, PLD

and Configuration bits).

2.0 Key Features

PSD813F1-A Preliminary

PROG.

MCU BUS

INTRF.

ADIO

PORT

CNTL0,

CNTL1,

CNTL2

AD0 – AD15

CLKIN

PLD

INPUT

BUS

PROG.

PORT

PROG.

PORT

POWER

MANGMT

UNIT

1 MBIT MAIN FLASH

MEMORY

8 SECTORS

VSTDBY

PA0 – PA7

PB0 – PB7

PROG.

PORT

PROG.

PORT

PC0 – PC7

PD0 – PD2

ADDRESS/DATA/CONTROL BUS

PORT A ,B & C

3 EXT CS TO PORT D

24 INPUT MICRO⇔CELLS

PORT A ,B & C

256 KBIT SECONDARY

MEMORY (BOOT OR DATA)

4 SECTORS

EEPROM – F1

16 KBIT BATTERY

BACKUP SRAM

RUNTIME CONTROL

AND I/O REGISTERS

SRAM SELECT

PERIP I/O MODE SELECTS

MICRO⇔CELL FEEDBACK OR PORT INPUT

CSIOP

FLASH ISP CPLD

(CPLD)

16 OUTPUT MICRO⇔CELLS

FLASH DECODE

PLD

(

DPLD

)

PLD, CONFIGURATION

& FLASH MEMORY

LOADER

JTAG

SERIAL

CHANNEL

(

PC2

)

PAGE

EMBEDDED

ALGORITHM

SECTOR

SELECTS

SECTOR

SELECTS

GLOBAL

CONFIG. &

SECURITY

Figure 1. PSD813F1 Block Diagram

Preliminary PSD813F1-A

3.0 General Information

The PSD813F1 series architecture allows In-System Programming of all Memory, PLD Logic and Device Configuration. The embedded Input and Output Micro⇔Cells enable efficient implementation of user defined logic functions that require both software and hardware interaction. The devices eliminate the need for discrete ‘glue’ logic, and allow the development of entire systems using only a few highly integrated devices.

4.0 PSD813F1 Family

All PSD813F1 devices provide these features: 1 Mbit main Flash Memory, JTAG port, CPLD, DPLD, power management, and 27 I/O pins. The PSD813F1 also adds 64 bytes of OTP memory for any use (product serial number, calibration constants, etc.). Once written, the OTP memory can never be altered.

The following table summarizes the PSD813F1:

Part # Flash Additional

No. of Serial ISP Main Memory Memory for PSD813F1 I/O Micro⇔Cells JTAG/ISC Kbit Boot and/or Data SRAM Turbo Supply Family Device Pins Input/Output Port (8 Sectors) (4 Sectors) Kbit Mode Voltage

PSD813F1 PSD813F1 27 24/16 Yes 1024 256 Kbit EEPROM 16 Yes 5V PSD813F1V PSD813F1V 27 24/16 Yes 1024 256 Kbit EEPROM 16 Yes 3V

Table 1. PSD813F1 Product Matrix

PSD813F1-A Preliminary

PSD813F1 devices contain several major functional blocks. Figure 1 on page 3 shows the architecture of the PSD813F1 device. The functions of each block are described briefly in the following sections. Many of the blocks perform multiple functions and are user configurable.

5.1 Memory

The PSD813F1 contains the following memories:

• A 1 Mbit Flash

• A secondary 256 Kbit EEPROM memory

• A 16 Kbit SRAM.

Each of the memories is briefly discussed in the following paragraphs. A more detailed discussion can be found in section 9.

The 1 Mbit Flash is the main memory of the PSD813F1. It is divided into eight equally-sized sectors that are individually selectable.

The 256 Kbit EEPROM or Flash is divided into four equally-sized sectors. Each sector is individually selectable.

The 16 Kbit SRAM is intended for use as a scratchpad memory or as an extension to the microcontroller SRAM. If an external battery is connected to the PSD813F1’s Vstby pin, data will be retained in the event of a power failure.

Each block of memory can be located in a different address space as defined by the user. The access times for all memory types includes the address latching and DPLD decoding time.

5.2 Page Register

The eight-bit Page Register expands the address range of the microcontroller by up to 256 times.The paged address can be used as part of the address space to access external memory and peripherals or internal memory and I/O. The Page Register can also be used to change the address mapping of blocks of Flash memory into different memory spaces for in-circuit reprogramming.

5.3 PLDs

The device contains two PLD blocks, each optimized for a different function, as shown in Table 2. The functional partitioning of the PLDs reduces power consumption, optimizes cost/performance, and eases design entry.

The Decode PLD (DPLD) is used to decode addresses and generate chip selects for the PSD813F1 internal memory and registers. The CPLD can implement user-defined logic functions. The DPLD has combinatorial outputs. The CPLD has 16 Output Micro⇔Cells and 3 combinatorial outputs. The PSD813F1 also has 24 Input Micro⇔Cells that can be configured as inputs to the PLDs. The PLDs receive their inputs from the PLD Input Bus and are differentiated by their output destinations, number of Product Terms, and Micro⇔Cells.

The PLDs consume minimal power by using Zero-Power design techniques. The speed and power consumption of the PLD is controlled by the Turbo Bit (ZPSD only) in the PMMR0 register and other bits in the PMMR2 registers. These registers are set by the microcontroller at runtime. There is a slight penalty to PLD propagation time when invoking the ZPSD features.

5.0 PSD813F1 Architectural Overview

Name Abbreviation Inputs Outputs Product Terms

Decode PLD DPLD 73 17 42 Complex PLD CPLD 73 19 140

Table 2. PLD I/O Table

Preliminary PSD813F1-A

PSD813F1 Architectural Overview

(cont.)

5.4 I/O Ports

The PSD813F1 has 27 I/O pins divided among four ports (Port A, B, C, and D). Each I/O pin can be individually configured for different functions. Ports A, B, C and D can be configured as standard MCU I/O ports, PLD I/O, or latched address outputs for microcontrollers using multiplexed address/data busses.

The JTAG pins can be enabled on Port C for In-System Programming (ISP). Ports A and B can also be configured as a data port for a non-multiplexed bus or

multiplexed Address/Data buses for certain types of 16-bit microcontrollers.

5.5 Microcontroller Bus Interface

The PSD813F1 easily interfaces with most 8-bit microcontrollers that have either multiplexed or non-multiplexed address/data busses. The device is configured to respond to the microcontroller’s control signals, which are also used as inputs to the PLDs. Where there is a requirement to use a 16-bit data bus to interface to a 16-bit microcontroller, two PSDs must be used. Section 9.3.5 contains microcontroller interface examples.

5.6 JTAG Port

In-System Programming can be performed through the JTAG pins on Port C. This serial interface allows complete programming of the entire PSD813F1 device. A blank device can be completely programmed. The JTAG signals (TMS, TCK, TSTAT, TERR, TDI, TDO) can be multiplexed with other functions on Port C. Table 3 indicates the JTAG signals pin assignments.

Port C Pins JTAG Signal

PC0 TMS PC1 TCK PC3 TSTAT PC4 TERR PC5 TDI PC6 TDO

Table 3. JTAG Signals on Port C

PSD813F1-A Preliminary

5.7 In-System Programming

Using the JTAG signals on Port C, the entire PSD813F1 device can be programmed or erased without the use of the microcontroller. The main Flash memory can also be programmed in-system by the microcontroller executing the programming algorithms out of the EEPROM or SRAM. The EEPROM can be programmed the same way by executing out of the main Flash memory. The PLD logic or other PSD813F1 configuration can be programmed through the JTAG port or a device programmer. Table 4 indicates which programming methods can program different functional blocks of the PSD813F1.

PSD813F1 Architectural Overview

(cont.)

JTAG Device In-System Parallel

Functional Block Programming Programmer Programming

Main Flash memory Yes Yes Yes EEPROM memory Yes Yes Yes PLD Array (DPLD and CPLD) Yes Yes No PSD Configuration Yes Yes No Optional OTP Row No Yes Yes

Table 4. Methods of Programming Different Functional Blocks of the PSD813F1

5.8 Power Management Unit

The Power Management Unit (PMU) in the PSD813F1 gives the user control of the power consumption on selected functional blocks based on system requirements. The PMU includes an Automatic Power Down unit (APD) that will turn off device functions due to microcontroller inactivity. The APD unit has a Power Down Mode that helps reduce power consumption.

The PSD813F1 also has some bits that are configured at run-time by the MCU to reduce power consumption of the CPLD. The turbo bit in the PMMR0 register can be turned off and the CPLD will latch its outputs and go to sleep until the next transition on its inputs. Additionally, bits in the PMMR2 register can be set by the MCU to block signals from entering the CPLD to reduce power consumption. See section 9.5.

Preliminary PSD813F1-A

6.0 Development System

Define General Purpose

Logic in CPLD

Merge MCU Firmware

with PSD Configuration

PSD Programmer

*.OBJ FILE

Point and click definition of

combinatorial and registered logic

in CPLD. Access to HDL is

available if needed.

Define PSD Pin and

Node functions

Point and click definition of

PSD pin functions, internal nodes,

and MCU system memory map.

Choose MCU and PSD

Automatically Configures MCU

bus interface and other PSD

attributes.

PSDPro or

FlashLink (JTAG)

A composite object file is created

containing MCU firmware and

PSD configuration.

C Code Generation

Generate C Code

Specific to PSD

Functions

User's choice of

Microcontroller

Compiler/Linker

*.OBJ file

available

for 3rd party

programmers

(Conventional or JTAG-ISP)

MCU Firmware

Hex or S-Record

format

Figure 2. PSDsoft Development Tool

The PSD813F1 is supported by PSDsoft a Windows-based (95, 98, NT) software development tool. A PSD design is quickly and easily produced in a point and click environment. The designer does not need to enter Hardware Definition Language (HDL) equations (unless desired) to define PSD pin functions and memory map information. The general design flow is shown in Figure 2 below. PSDsoft is available from our web site (www.st.com/psm) or other distribution channels.

PSDsoft directly supports two low cost device programmers from ST, PSDpro and FlashLINK (JTAG). Both of these programmers may be purchased through your local rep/distributor, or directly from our web site using a credit card. The PSD813F1 is also supported by third party device programmers, see web site for current list.

PSD813F1-A Preliminary

The following table describes the pin names and pin functions of the PSD813F1. Pins that have multiple names and/or functions are defined using PSD Configuration.

7.0 Table 5. PSD813F1 Pin Descriptions

Pin Name Pin* Type Description

ADIO0-7 30-37 I/O This is the lower Address/Data port. Connect your MCU

address or address/data bus according to the following rules:

1. If your MCU has a multiplexed address/data bus where the data is multiplexed with the lower address bits, connect AD[0:7] to this port.

2. If your MCU does not have a multiplexed address/data bus, or you are using an 80C251 in page mode, connect A[0:7] to this port.

3. If you are using an 80C51XA in burst mode, connect A4/D0 through A11/D7 to this port.

ALE or AS latches the address. The PSD drives data out only if the read signal is active and one of the PSD functional blocks was selected. The addresses on this port are passed to the PLDs.

ADIO8-15 39-46 I/O This is the upper Address/Data port. Connect your MCU

address or address/data bus according to the following rules:

1. If your MCU has a multiplexed address/data bus where the data is multiplexed with the lower address bits, connect A[8:15] to this port.

2. If your MCU does not have a multiplexed address/data bus, connect A[8:15] to this port.

3. If you are using an 80C251 in page mode, connect AD[8:15] to this port.

4. If you are using an 80C51XA in burst mode, connect A12/D8 through A19/D15 to this port.

ALE or AS latches the address. The PSD drives data out only if the read signal is active and one of the PSD functional blocks was selected. The addresses on this port are passed to the PLDs.

CNTL0 47 I The following control signals can be connected to this port,

based on your MCU:

1. WR — active-low write input.

2. R_W — active-high read/active low write input.

This port is connected to the PLDs. Therefore, these signals can be used in decode and other logic equations.

CNTL1 50 I The following control signals can be connected to this port,

based on your MCU:

1. RD — active-low read input.

2. E — E clock input.

3. DS — active-low data strobe input.

4. PSEN — connect PSEN to this port when it is being used

as an active-low read signal. For example, when the 80C251 outputs more than 16 address bits, PSEN is actually the read signal.

This port is connected to the PLDs. Therefore, these signals can be used in decode and other logic equations.

Preliminary PSD813F1-A

Pin Name Pin* Type Description

CNTL2 49 I This port can be used to input the PSEN (Program Select

Enable) signal from any MCU that uses this signal for code exclusively. If your MCU does not output a Program Select Enable signal, this port can be used as a generic input. This port is connected to the PLDs.

Reset 48 I Active low reset input. Resets I/O Ports, PLD Micro⇔Cells

and some of the configuration registers. Must be active at power up.

PA0 29 I/O These pins make up Port A. These port pins are configurable PA1 28

and can have the following functions:

PA2 27

1. MCU I/O — write to or read from a standard output or

PA3 25

input port.

PA4 24

2. CPLD Micro⇔Cell (McellAB0-7) outputs.

PA5 23

3. Inputs to the PLDs.

PA6 22

4. Latched address outputs (see Table 6).

PA7 21

5. Address inputs. For example, PA0-3 could be used for A[0:3] when using an 80C51XA in burst mode.

6. As the data bus inputs D[0:7] for non-multiplexed address/data bus MCUs.

7. D0/A16-D3/A19 in M37702M2 mode.

8. Peripheral I/O mode.

Note: PA0-3 can only output CMOS signals with an option for high slew rate. However, PA4-7 can be configured as CMOS or Open Drain Outputs.

PB0 7 I/O These pins make up Port B. These port pins are configurable PB1

6 and can have the following functions:

PB2

5 1. MCU I/O — write to or read from a standard output or

PB3

4 input port.

PB4

3 2. CPLD Micro⇔Cell (McellAB0-7 or McellBC0-7) outputs.

PB5

2 3. Inputs to the PLDs.

PB6

52 4. Latched address outputs (see Table 6).

PB7

51 Note: PB0-3 can only output CMOS signals with an option

for high slew rate. However, PB4-7 can be configured as CMOS or Open Drain Outputs.

PC0 20 I/O PC0 pin of Port C. This port pin can be configured to have

the following functions:

1. MCU I/O — write to or read from a standard output or input port.

2. CPLD Micro⇔Cell (McellBC0) output.

3. Input to the PLDs.

4. TMS Input** for the JTAG Interface.

This pin can be configured as a CMOS or Open Drain output.

PC1 19 I/O PC1 pin of Port C. This port pin can be configured to have

the following functions:

1. MCU I/O — write to or read from a standard output or input port.

2. CPLD Micro⇔Cell (McellBC1) output.

3. Input to the PLDs.

4. TCK Input** for the JTAG Interface.

This pin can be configured as a CMOS or Open Drain output.

Table 5. PSD813F1 Pin Descriptions

(cont.)

PSD813F1-A Preliminary

Table 5. PSD813F1 Pin Descriptions

(cont.)

Pin Name Pin* Type Description

PC2 18 I/O PC2 pin of Port C. This port pin can be configured to have

the following functions:

1. MCU I/O — write to or read from a standard output or input port.

2. CPLD Micro⇔Cell (McellBC2) output.

3. Input to the PLDs.

4. Vstby — SRAM standby voltage input for SRAM battery backup.

This pin can be configured as a CMOS or Open Drain output.

PC3 17 I/O PC3 pin of Port C. This port pin can be configured to have

the following functions:

1. MCU I/O — write to or read from a standard output or input port.

2. CPLD Micro⇔Cell (McellBC3) output.

3. Input to the PLDs.

4. TSTAT output** for the JTAG interface.

5. Rdy/Bsy output for in-system parallel programming.

This pin can be configured as a CMOS or Open Drain output.

PC4 14 I/O PC4 pin of Port C. This port pin can be configured to have

the following functions:

1. MCU I/O — write to or read from a standard output or input port.

2. CPLD Micro⇔Cell (McellBC4) output.

3. Input to the PLDs.

4. TERR output** for the JTAG interface.

5. Vbaton — battery backup indicator output. Goes high when power is being drawn from an external battery.

This pin can be configured as a CMOS or Open Drain output.

PC5 13 I/O PC5 pin of Port C. This port pin can be configured to have

the following functions:

1. MCU I/O — write to or read from a standard output or input port.

2. CPLD Micro⇔Cell (McellBC5) output.

3. Input to the PLDs.

4. TDI input** for the JTAG interface.

This pin can be configured as a CMOS or Open Drain output.

PC6 12 I/O PC6 pin of Port C. This port pin can be configured to have

the following functions:

1. MCU I/O — write to or read from a standard output or input port.

2. CPLD Micro⇔Cell (McellBC6) output.

3. Input to the PLDs.

4. TDO output** for the JTAG interface.

This pin can be configured as a CMOS or Open Drain output.

Preliminary PSD813F1-A

Table 5. PSD813F1 Pin Descriptions

(cont.)

Pin Name Pin* Type Description

PC7 11 I/O PC7 pin of Port C. This port pin can be configured to have

the following functions:

1. MCU I/O — write to or read from a standard output or input port.

2. CPLD Micro⇔Cell (McellBC7) output.

3. Input to the PLDs.

4. DBE — active-low Data Byte Enable input from 68HC912 type MCUs.

This pin can be configured as a CMOS or Open Drain output.

PD0 10 I/O PD0 pin of Port D. This port pin can be configured to have

the following functions:

1. ALE/AS input latches address output from the MCU.

2. MCU I/O — write or read from a standard output or input port.

3. Input to the PLDs.

4. CPLD output (external chip select).

PD1 9 I/O PD1 pin of Port D. This port pin can be configured to have

the following functions:

1. MCU I/O — write to or read from a standard output or input port.

2. Input to the PLDs.

3. CPLD output (external chip select).

4. CLKIN — clock input to the CPLD Micro⇔Cells, the automatic power-down unit’s power-down counter, and the CPLD AND array.

PD2 8 I/O PD2 pin of Port D. This port pin can be configured to have

the following functions:

1. MCU I/O — write to or read from a standard output or input port.

2. Input to the PLDs.

3. CPLD output (external chip select).

4. CSI — chip select input. When low, the MCU can access the PSD memory and I/O. When high, the PSD memory blocks are disabled to conserve power.

15, 38 Power pins

GND 1,16,26 Ground pins

Port A Port B

Microcontroller Port A (3:0) Port A (7:4) Port B (3:0) Port B (7:4)

8051XA (8-bit) N/A Address [7:4] Address [11:8] N/A 80C251 (page mode) N/A N/A Address [11:8] Address [15:12]

All other 8-bit multiplexed

Address [3:0] Address [7:4] Address [3:0] Address [7:4]

8-bit non-multiplexed bus

N/A N/A Address [3:0] Address [7:4]

Table 6. I/O Port Latched Address Output Assignments*

N/A = Not Applicable

**Refer to the I/O Port Section on how to enable the Latched Address Output function.

**The pin numbers in this table are for the PLCC package only. See the package information section for pin

numbers on other package types.

**These functions can be multiplexed with other functions.

PSD813F1-A Preliminary

Table 7 shows the offset addresses to the PSD813F1 registers relative to the CSIOP base address. The CSIOP space is the 256 bytes of address that is allocated by the user to the internal PSD813F1 registers. Table 7 provides brief descriptions of the registers in CSIOP space. For a more detailed description, refer to section 9.

8.0 PSD813F1 Register Description and Address Offset

Data In 00 01 10 11

Reads Port pin as input, MCU I/O input mode

Control 02 03

Selects mode between MCU I/O or Address Out

Stores data for output

Data Out 04 05 12 13 to Port pins, MCU I/O

output mode

Direction 06 07 14 15

Configures Port pin as input or output

Configures Port pins as either CMOS or Open

Drive Select 08 09 16 17 Drain on some pins, while

selecting high slew rate on other pins.

Input Micro⇔Cell 0A 0B 18 Reads Input Micro⇔Cells

Reads the status of the

Enable Out 0C 0D 1A 1B output enable to the I/O

Port driver

Read – reads output of Output Micro⇔Cells AB Micro⇔Cells AB

20 20

Write – loads Micro⇔cell

Flip-Flops

Read – reads output of Output Micro⇔Cells BC Micro⇔Cells BC

21 21

Write – loads Micro⇔cell

Flip-Flops

Mask

22 22

Blocks writing to the Micro⇔Cells AB Output Micro⇔Cells AB

Mask

23 23

Blocks writing to the Micro⇔Cells BC Output Micro⇔Cells BC

Flash Protection C0

Read only – Flash Sector

Protection

PSD/EE

Read only – PSD Security Protection

C2 and EEPROM Sector

Protection

JTAG Enable C7 Enables JTAG Port PMMR0 B0

Power Management

Places PSD memory VM E2

areas in Program and/or

Data space on an

individual basis.

Table 7. Register Address Offset

*Other registers that are not part of the I/O ports.

Preliminary PSD813F1-A

9.0 The PSD813F1 Functional Blocks

As shown in Figure 1, the PSD813F1 consists of six major types of functional blocks:

❏ Memory Blocks ❏ PLD Blocks ❏ Bus Interface ❏ I/O Ports ❏ Power Management Unit ❏ JTAG Interface

The functions of each block are described in the following sections. Many of the blocks perform multiple functions, and are user configurable.

9.1 Memory Blocks

The PSD813F1 has the following memory blocks:

• The main Flash memory

• Secondary EEPROM memory

• SRAM.

The memory select signals for these blocks originate from the Decode PLD (DPLD) and are user-defined in PSDsoft.

Table 8 summarizes the PSD813F1 memory blocks.

Device Main Flash EEPROM SRAM

PSD813F1 128KB 32KB 2KB

Table 8. Memory Blocks

9.1.1 Main Flash and Secondary EEPROM

The 1 Mbit main Flash memory block is divided evenly into eight 16 Kbyte sectors. The EEPROM memory is divided into four sectors of eight Kbytes each. Each sector of either memory can be separately protected from program and erase operations.

Flash memory may be erased on a sector-by-sector basis and programmed byte-by-byte. Flash sector erasure may be suspended while data is read from other sectors of memory and then resumed after reading.

EEPROM may be programmed byte-by-byte or sector-by-sector, and erasing is automatic and transparent. The integrity of the data can be secured with the help of Software Data Protection (SDP). Any write operation to the EEPROM is inhibited during the first five milliseconds following power-up.

During a program or erase of Flash, or during a write of the EEPROM, the status can be output on the Rdy/Bsy pin of Port C3. This pin is set up using PSDsoft Configuration.

PSD813F1-A Preliminary

9.1.1.1 Memory Block Selects

The decode PLD in the PSD813F1 generates the chip selects for all the internal memory blocks (refer to the PLD section). Each of the eight Flash memory sectors have a Flash Select signal (FS0-FS7) which can contain up to three product terms. Each of the four EEPROM memory sectors have a Select signal (EES0-3 or CSBOOT0-3) which can contain up to three product terms. Having three product terms for each sector select signal allows a given sector to be mapped in different areas of system memory. When using a microcontroller with separate Program and Data space, these flexible select signals allow dynamic re-mapping of sectors from one space to the other.

9.1.1.2 The Ready/Busy Pin (PC3)

Pin PC3 can be used to output the Ready/Busy status of the PSD813F1. The output on the pin will be a ‘0’ (Busy) when Flash or EEPROM memory blocks are being written to, or when the Flash memory block is being erased. The output will be a ‘1’ (Ready) when no write or erase operation is in progress.

9.1.1.3 Memory Operation

The main Flash and EEPROM memory are addressed through the microcontroller interface on the PSD813F1 device. The microcontroller can access these memories in one of two ways:

❏ The microcontroller can execute a typical bus write or read operation just as it would

if accessing a RAM or ROM device using standard bus cycles.

❏ The microcontroller can execute a specific instruction that consists of several write

and read operations. This involves writing specific data patterns to special addresses within the Flash or EEPROM to invoke an embedded algorithm. These instructions are summarized in Table 9.

Typically, Flash memory can be read by the microcontroller using read operations, just as it would read a ROM device. However, Flash memory can only be erased and programmed with specific instructions. For example, the microcontroller cannot write a single byte directly to Flash memory as one would write a byte to RAM. To program a byte into Flash memory, the microcontroller must execute a program instruction sequence, then test the status of the programming event. This status test is achieved by a read operation or polling the Rdy/Busy pin (PC3).

The Flash memory can also be read by using special instructions to retrieve particular Flash device information (sector protect status and ID).

The EEPROM is a bit different. Data can be written to EEPROM memory using write operations, like writing to a RAM device, but the status of each write event must be checked by the microcontroller. A write event can be one to 64 contiguous bytes. The status test is very similar to that used for Flash memory (read operation or Rdy/Busy). Optionally, the EEPROM memory may be put into a Software Data Protect (SDP) mode where it requires instructions, rather than operations, to alter its contents. SDP mode makes writing to EEPROM much like writing to Flash memory.

The PSD813F1 Functional Blocks

(cont.)

Preliminary PSD813F1-A

The PSD813F1 Functional Blocks

(cont.)

9.1.1.3.1 Instructions

An instruction is defined as a sequence of specific operations. Each received byte is sequentially decoded by the PSD and not executed as a standard write operation. The instruction is executed when the correct number of bytes are properly received and the time between two consecutive bytes is shorter than the time-out value. Some instructions are structured to include read operations after the initial write operations.

The sequencing of any instruction must be followed exactly. Any invalid combination of instruction bytes or time-out between two consecutive bytes while addressing Flash memory will reset the device logic into a read array mode (Flash memory reads like a ROM device). An invalid combination or time-out while addressing the EEPROM block will cause the offending byte to be interpreted as a single operation.

The PSD813F1 supports these instructions (see Table 9):

Flash memory:

❏ Erase memory by chip or sector ❏ Suspend or resume sector erase ❏ Program a byte ❏ Reset to read array mode ❏ Read Flash Identifier value ❏ Read sector protection status

EEPROM:

❏ Write data to OTP Row ❏ Read data from OTP Row ❏ Power down memory ❏ Enable Software Data Protect (SDP) ❏ Disable SDP ❏ Return from read OTP Row read mode or power down mode.

These instructions are detailed in Table 9. For efficient decoding of the instructions, the first two bytes of an instruction are the coded cycles and are followed by a command byte or confirmation byte. The coded cycles consist of writing the data AAh to address X555h during the first cycle and data 55h to address XAAAh during the second cycle. Address lines A15-A12 are don’t cares during the instruction write cycles. However, the appropriate sector select signal (FSi or EESi) must be selected.

PSD813F1-A Preliminary

Flash

EEPROM Sector

Sector Select Select (FSi)

Instruction (EESi)

(Note 2) Cycle 1 Cycle 2 Cycle 3 Cycle 4 Cycle5 Cycle 6 Cycle 7

Read

AAh 55h 90h

identifier

Flash

@X555h @XAAAh @X555h

with

Identifier

(A6,A1,A0

(Note 3, 5)

at 0,0,1)

Read OTP Row 1 0 AAh 55h 90h Read Read Read (Note 4) @X555h @XAAAh @X555h byte 1 byte 2 byte N

Read

Read Sector

AAh 55h 90h

identifier

Protection

@X555h @XAAAh @X555h

with

Status

(A6,A1,A0

(Notes 3, 5)

at 0,1,0)

Program a

0 1 AAh 55h A0h Data

Flash Byte

@X555h @XAAAh @X555h @ address

(Note 5) Erase one

AAh 55h 80h AAh 55h

30h 30h

Flash Sector

0 1 @X555h @XAAAh @X555h @X555h @XAAAh

@ Sector @ Sector

(Note 5) address address(1) Erase the

0 1 AAh 55h 80h AAh 55h 10h

whole Flash

@X555h @XAAAh @X555h @X555h @XAAAh @X555h

(Note 5) Suspend Sector B0h

Erase 0 1 @ any (Note 5) address

Resume 30h Sector Erase 0 1 @ any (Note 5) address

EEPROM Power

AAh 55h 30h

Down (Note 4) @X555h @XAAAh @X555h SDP Enable/

1 0 AAh 55h A0h Write Write Write

EEPROM Write

@X555h @XAAAh @X555h byte 1 byte 2 byte N

(Note 4) SDP Disable 1 0 AAh 55h 80h AAh 55h 20h

(Note 4) @X555h @XAAAh @X555h @X555h @XAAAh @X555h Write in OTP 1 0 AAh 55h B0h Write Write Write

Row (Notes 4, 6) @X555h @XAAAh @X555h byte 1 byte 2 byte N Return (from OTP

F0h @

Read or EEPROM

1 0 any

Power-Down)

address

(Note 4)

AAh 55h

F0h

Reset

@X555h @XAAAh

@ any

(Notes 3, 5)

address

Reset F0h (short instruction) 0 1 @ any (Note 5) address

Table 9. Instructions

NOTES: 1. Additional sectors to be erased must be entered within 80 µs. A Sector Address is any address within

the Sector.

2. Flash and EEPROM Sector Selects are active high. Addresses A15-A12 are don’t cares in Instruction Bus Cycles.

3. The Reset instruction is required to return to the normal read array mode if DQ5 goes high or after reading the Flash Identifier or Protection status.

4. The MCU cannot invoke these instructions while executing code from EEPROM. The MCU must be operating from some other memory when these instructions are performed.

5. The MCU cannot invoke these instructions while executing code from the same Flash memory for which the instruction is intended. The MCU must operate from some other memory when these instructions are executed.

6. Writing to OTP Row is allowed only when SDP mode is disabled.

The PSD813F1 Functional Blocks

(cont.)

Preliminary PSD813F1-A

The PSD813F1 Functional Blocks

(cont.)

9.1.1.4 Power Down Instruction and Power Up Condition

9.1.1.4.1 EEPROM Power Down Instruction

The EEPROM can enter power down mode with the help of the EEPROM power down instruction (see Table 9). Once the EEPROM power down instruction is decoded, the EEPROM memory cannot be accessed unless a Return instruction (also in Table 9) is decoded. Alternately, this power down mode will automatically occur when the APD circuit is triggered (see section 9.5.1). Therefore, this instruction is not required if the APD circuit is used.

9.1.1.4.2 Power-Up Condition

The PSD813F1 internal logic is reset upon power-up to the read array mode. Any write operation to the EEPROM is inhibited during the first 5 msec following power-up. The FSi and EESi select signals, along with the write strobe signal, must be in the false state during power-up for maximum security of the data contents and to remove the possibility of a byte being written on the first edge of a write strobe signal. Any write cycle initiation is locked when VCCis below VLKO.

9.1.1.5 Read

Under typical conditions, the microcontroller may read the Flash or EEPROM memory using read operations just as it would a ROM or RAM device. Alternately, the microcontoller may use read operations to obtain status information about a program or erase operation in progress. Lastly, the microcontroller may use instructions to read special data from these memories. The following sections describe these read functions.

9.1.1.5.1 Read the Contents of Memory

Main Flash is placed in the read array mode after power-up, chip reset, or a Reset Flash instruction (see Table 9). The microcontroller can read the memory contents of main Flash or EEPROM by using read operations any time the read operation is not part of an instruction sequence.

9.1.1.5.2 Read the Main Flash Memory Identifier

The main Flash memory identifier is read with an instruction composed of 4 operations: 3 specific write operations and a read operation (see Table 9). During the read operation, address bits A6, A1, and A0 must be 0,0,1, respectively, and the appropriate sector select signal (FSi) must be active. The Flash ID is E3h for the PSD813F1. The MCU can read the ID only when it is executing from the EEPROM.

9.1.1.5.3 Read the Main Flash Memory Sector Protection Status

The main Flash memory sector protection status is read with an instruction composed of 4 operations: 3 specific write operations and a read operation (see Table 9). During the read operation, address bits A6, A1, and A0 must be 0,1,0, respectively, while the chip select FSi designates the Flash sector whose protection has to be verified. The read operation will produce 01h if the Flash sector is protected, or 00h if the sector is not protected.

The sector protection status for all NVM blocks (main Flash or EEPROM) can be read by the microcontroller accessing the Flash Protection and PSD/EE Protection registers in PSD I/O space. See section 9.1.1.9.1 for register definitions.

PSD813F1-A Preliminary

9.1.1.5.4 Read the OTP Row

There are 64 bytes of One-Time-Programmable (OTP) memory that reside in EEPROM. These 64 bytes are in addition to the 32 Kbytes of EEPROM memory. A read of the OTP row is done with an instruction composed of at least 4 operations: 3 specific write operations and one to 64 read operations (see Table 9). During the read operation(s), address bit A6 must be zero, while address bits A5-A0 define the OTP Row byte to be read while any EEPROM sector select signal (EESi) is active. After reading the last byte, an EEPROM Return instruction must be executed (see Table 9).

9.1.1.5.5 Read the Erase/Program Status Bits

The PSD813F1 provides several status bits to be used by the microcontroller to confirm the completion of an erase or programming instruction of Flash memory. Bits are also available to show the status of writes to EEPROM. These status bits minimize the time that the microcontroller spends performing these tasks and are defined in Table 10. The status bits can be read as many times as needed.

FSi/

CSBOOTi EESi DQ7 DQ6 DQ5 DQ4 DQ3 DQ2 DQ1 DQ0

Data Toggle Error Erase

Flash V

VILPolling Flag Flag X Time- X X X

out

EEPROM V

Data Toggle

XXXXXX

Polling Flag

Table 10. Status Bit

NOTES: 1. X = Not guaranteed value, can be read either 1 or 0.

2. DQ7-DQ0 represent the Data Bus bits, D7-D0.

3. FSi and EESi are active high.

The PSD813F1 Functional Blocks

(cont.)

For Flash memory, the microcontroller can perform a read operation to obtain these status bits while an erase or program instruction is being executed by the embedded algorithm. See section 9.1.1.7 for details.

For EEPROM not in SDP mode, the microcontroller can perform a read operation to obtain these status bits just after a data write operation. The microcontroller may write one to 64 bytes before reading the status bits. See section 9.1.1.6 for details.

For EEPROM in SDP mode, the microcontroller will perform a read operation to obtain these status bits while an SDP write instruction is being executed by the embedded algorithm. See section 9.1.1.1.3 for details.

Preliminary PSD813F1-A

The PSD813F1 Functional Blocks

(cont.)

9.1.1.5.6 Data Polling Flag DQ7

When Erasing or Programming the Flash memory (or when Writing into the EEPROM memory), bit DQ7 outputs the complement of the bit being entered for Programming/Writing on DQ7. Once the Program instruction or the Write operation is completed, the true logic value is read on DQ7 (in a Read operation). Flash memory specific features:

❏ Data Polling is effective after the fourth Write pulse (for programming) or after the

sixth Write pulse (for Erase). It must be performed at the address being programmed or at an address within the Flash sector being erased.

❏ During an Erase instruction, DQ7 outputs a ‘0’. After completion of the instruction,

DQ7 will output the last bit programmed (it is a ‘1’ after erasing).

❏ If the byte to be programmed is in a protected Flash sector, the instruction is

ignored.

❏ If all the Flash sectors to be erased are protected, DQ7 will be set to ‘0’ for about

100 µs, and then return to the previous addressed byte. No erasure will be performed.

9.1.1.5.7 Toggle Flag DQ6

The PSD813F1 offers another way for determining when the EEPROM write or the Flash memory Program instruction is completed. During the internal Write operation and when either the FSi or EESi is true, the DQ6 will toggle from ‘0’ to ‘1’ and ‘1’ to ‘0’ on subsequent attempts to read any byte of the memory.

When the internal cycle is complete, the toggling will stop and the data read on the Data Bus D0-7 is the addressed memory byte. The device is now accessible for a new Read or Write operation. The operation is finished when two successive reads yield the same output data. Flash memory specific features:

❏ The Toggle bit is effective after the fourth Write pulse (for programming) or after the

sixth Write pulse (for Erase).

❏ If the byte to be programmed belongs to a protected Flash sector, the instruction is

ignored.

❏ If all the Flash sectors selected for erasure are protected, DQ6 will toggle to ‘0’ for

about 100 µs and then return to the previous addressed byte.

9.1.1.5.8 Error Flag DQ5

During a correct Program or Erase, the Error bit will set to ‘0’. This bit is set to ‘1’ when there is a failure during Flash byte programming, Sector erase, or Bulk Erase.

In the case of Flash programming, the Error Bit indicates the attempt to program a Flash bit(s) from the programmed state (0) to the erased state (1), which is not a valid operation. The Error bit may also indicate a timeout condition while attempting to program a byte.

In case of an error in Flash sector erase or byte program, the Flash sector in which the error occurred or to which the programmed byte belongs must no longer be used. Other Flash sectors may still be used. The Error bit resets after the Reset instruction.

9.1.1.5.9 Erase Time-out Flag DQ3 (Flash Memory only)

The Erase Timer bit reflects the time-out period allowed between two consecutive Sector Erase instructions. The Erase timer bit is set to ‘0’ after a Sector Erase instruction for a time period of 100 µs + 20% unless an additional Sector Erase instruction is decoded. After this time period or when the additional Sector Erase instruction is decoded, DQ3 is set to ‘1’.

PSD813F1-A Preliminary

9.1.1.6 Writing to the EEPROM

Data may be written a byte at a time to the EEPROM using simple write operations, much like writing to an SRAM. Unlike SRAM though, the completion of each byte write must be checked before the next byte is written. To speed up this process, the PSD813F1 offers a Page write feature to allow writing of several bytes before checking status.

To prevent inadvertent writes to EEPROM, the PSD813F1 offers a Software Data Protect (SDP) mode. Once enabled, SDP forces the MCU to “unlock” the EEPROM before altering its contents, much like Flash memory programming.

9.1.1.6.1 Write a Byte to EEPROM

A write operation is initiated when an EEPROM select signal (EESi) is true and the write strobe signal (wr) into the PSD813F1 is true. If the PSD813F1 detects no additional writes within 120 µsec, an internal storage operation is initiated. Internal storage to EEPROM memory technology typically takes a few milliseconds to complete.

The status of the write operation is obtained by the MCU reading the Data Polling or Toggle bits (as detailed in section 9.1.1.5), or the Ready/Busy output pin (section 9.1.1.2).

Keep in mind that the MCU does not need to erase a location in EEPROM before writing it. Erasure is performed automatically as an internal process.

9.1.1.6.2 Write a Page to EEPROM

Writing data to EEPROM using page mode is more efficient than writing one byte at a time. The PSD813F1 EEPROM has a 64 byte volatile buffer that the MCU may fill before an internal EEPROM storage operation is initiated. Page mode timing approaches a 64:1 advantage over the time it takes to write individual bytes.

To invoke page mode, the MCU must write to EEPROM locations within a single page, with no more than 120 µsec between individual byte writes. A single page means that address lines A14 to A6 must remain constant. The MCU may write to the 64 locations on a page in any order, which is determined by address lines A5 to A0. As soon as 120 µsec have expired after the last page write, the internal EEPROM storage process begins and the MCU checks programming status. Status is checked the same way it is for byte writes, described above.

Note: be aware that if the upper address bits (A14 to A6) change during page write operations, loss of data may occur. Ensure that all bytes for a given page have been successfully stored in the EEPROM before proceeding to the next page. Correct management of MCU interrupts during EEPROM page write operations is essential.

9.1.1.6.3 EEPROM Software Data Protect (SDP)

The SDP feature is useful for protecting the contents of EEPROM from inadvertent write cycles that may occur during uncontrolled MCU bus conditions. These may happen if the application software gets lost or when VCCis not within normal operating range.

Instructions from the MCU are used to enable and disable SDP mode (see Table 9). Once enabled, the MCU must write an instruction sequence to EEPROM before writing data (much like writing to Flash memory). SDP mode can be used for both byte and page writes to EEPROM. The device will remain in SDP mode until the MCU issues a valid SDP disable instruction.

PSD813F1 devices are shipped with SDP mode disabled. However, within PSDsoft, SDP mode may be enabled as part of programming the device with a device programmer (PSDpro).

The PSD813F1 Functional Blocks

(cont.)

Preliminary PSD813F1-A

WRITE AAh to

Address 555h

WRITE 55h to

Address AAAh

WRITE A0h to

Address 555h

Page Write

Instruction

SDP is set

WRITE AAh to

Address 555h

WRITE 55h to

Address AAAh

WRITE A0h to

Address 555h

WRITE Data to

be Written in any Address

Page Write

Instruction

SDP

Set

SDP

not Set

Write

in Memory

Write Data

SDP Set

after tWC

(Write Cycle Time)

WRITE is enabled

SDP ENABLE ALGORITHM

Figure 3. EEPROM SDP Enable Flowcharts

The PSD813F1 Functional Blocks

(cont.)

9.1.1.6.3 EEPROM Software Data Protect (SDP) (cont.)

To enable SDP mode at run time, the MCU must write three specific data bytes at three specific memory locations, as shown in Figure 3. Any further writes to EEPROM when SDP is set will require this same sequence, followed by the byte(s) to write. The first SDP enable sequence can be followed directly by the byte(s) to be written.

To disable SDP mode, the MCU must write specific bytes to six specific locations, as shown in Figure 4.

The MCU must not be executing code from EEPROM when these instructions are invoked. The MCU must be operating from some other memory when enabling or disabling SDP mode.

The state of SDP mode is not changed by power on/off sequences (nonvolatile). When either the SDP enable or SDP disable instructions are issued from the MCU, the MCU must use the Toggle bit (status bit DQ6) or the Ready/Busy output pin to check programming status. The Ready/Busy output is driven low from the first write of AAh @ 555h until the completion of the internal storage sequence. Data Polling (status bit DQ7) is not supported when issuing the SDP enable or SDP disable commands.

Note: Using the SDP sequence (enabling, disabling, or writing data) is initiated when specific bytes are written to addresses on specific “pages” of EEPROM memory, with no more than 120 µsec between writes. The addresses 555h and AAAh are located on different pages of EEPROM. This is how the PSD813F1 distinguishes these instruction sequences from ordinary writes to EEPROM, which are expected to be within a single EEPROM page.

PSD813F1-A Preliminary

Figure 4. Software Data Protection Disable Flow Chart

9.1.1.6.4 Write OTP Row

Writing to the OTP row (64 bytes) can only be done once per byte, and is enabled by an instruction. This instruction is composed of three specific Write operations of data bytes at three specific memory locations followed by the data to be stored in the OTP row (refer to Table 9). During the write operations, address bit A6 must be zero, while address bits A5-A0 define the OTP Row byte to be written while any EEPROM Sector Select signal (EESi) is active. Writing the OTP Row is allowed only when SDP mode is not enabled.

9.1.1.7 Programming Flash Memory

Flash memory must be erased prior to being programmed. The MCU may erase Flash memory all at once or by-sector, but not byte-by-byte. A byte of Flash memory erases to all logic ones (FF hex), and its bits are programmed to logic zeros. Although erasing Flash memory occurs on a sector basis, programming Flash memory occurs on a byte basis.

The PSD813F1 main Flash and optional boot Flash require the MCU to send an instruction to program a byte or perform an erase function (see Table 9). This differs from EEPROM, which can be programmed with simple MCU bus write operations (unless EEPROM SDP mode is enabled).

Once the MCU issues a Flash memory program or erase instruction, it must check for the status of completion. The embedded algorithms that are invoked inside the PSD813F1 support several means to provide status to the MCU. Status may be checked using any of three methods: Data Polling, Data Toggle, or the Ready/Busy output pin.

WRITE AAh to

Address 555h

WRITE 55h to

Address AAAh

WRITE 80h to

Address 555h

WRITE AAh to

Address 555h

WRITE 55h to

Address AAAh

WRITE 20h to

Address 555h

Page Write

Instruction

Unprotected State

after

tWC (Write Cycle time)

The PSD813F1 Functional Blocks

(cont.)

Preliminary PSD813F1-A

The PSD813F1 Functional Blocks

(cont.)

9.1.1.7.1 Data Polling

Polling on DQ7 is a method of checking whether a Program or Erase instruction is in progress or has completed. Figure 5 shows the Data Polling algorithm.

When the MCU issues a programming instruction, the embedded algorithm within the PSD813F1 begins. The MCU then reads the location of the byte to be programmed in Flash to check status. Data bit DQ7 of this location becomes the compliment of data bit 7of the original data byte to be programmed. The MCU continues to poll this location, comparing DQ7 and monitoring the Error bit on DQ5. When the DQ7 matches data bit 7 of the original data, and the Error bit at DQ5 remains ‘0’, then the embedded algorithm is complete. If the Error bit at DQ5 is ‘1’, the MCU should test DQ7 again since DQ7 may have changed simultaneously with DQ5 (see Figure 5).

The Error bit at DQ5 will be set if either an internal timeout occurred while the embedded algorithm attempted to program the byte or if the MCU attempted to program a ‘1’ to a bit that was not erased (not erased is logic ‘0’).

It is suggested (as with all Flash memories) to read the location again after the embedded programming algorithm has completed to compare the byte that was written to Flash with the byte that was intended to be written.

When using the Data Polling method after an erase instruction, Figure 5 still applies. However, DQ7 will be ‘0’ until the erase operation is complete. A ‘1’ on DQ5 will indicate a timeout failure of the erase operation, a ‘0’ indicates no error. The MCU can read any location within the sector being erased to get DQ7 and DQ5.

PSDsoft will generate ANSI C code functions which implement these Data Polling algorithms.

Figure 5. Data Polling Flow Chart

START

READ DQ5 & DQ7

at VALID ADDRESS

YES

DQ7

DATA7

DQ5

DQ7

DATA

READ DQ7

FAIL PASS

PSD813F1-A Preliminary

9.1.1.7.2 Data Toggle

Checking the Data Toggle bit on DQ6 is a method of determining whether a Program or Erase instruction is in progress or has completed. Figure 6 shows the Data Toggle algorithm.

When the MCU issues a programming instruction, the embedded algorithm within the PSD813F1 begins. The MCU then reads the location of the byte to be programmed in Flash to check status. Data bit DQ6 of this location will toggle each time the MCU reads this location until the embedded algorithm is complete. The MCU continues to read this location, checking DQ6 and monitoring the Error bit on DQ5. When DQ6 stops toggling (two consecutive reads yield the same value), and the Error bit on DQ5 remains ‘0’, then the embedded algorithm is complete. If the Error bit on DQ5 is ‘1’, the MCU should test DQ6 again, since DQ6 may have changed simultaneously with DQ5 (see Figure 6).

The Error bit at DQ5 will be set if either an internal timeout occurred while the embedded algorithm attempted to program the byte, or if the MCU attempted to program a ‘1’ to a bit that was not erased (not erased is logic ‘0’).

When using the Data Toggle method after an erase instructin, Figure 6 still applies. DQ6 will toggle until the erase operation is complete. A ‘1’ on DQ5 will indicate a timeout failure of the erase operation, a ‘0’ indicates no error. The MCU can read any location within the sector being erased to get DQ6 and DQ5.

PSDsoft will generate ANSI C code functions which implement these Data Toggling algorithms.

The PSD813F1 Functional Blocks

(cont.)

Figure 6. Data Toggle Flow Chart

START

READ

DQ5 & DQ6

YES

DQ6

TOGGLE

DQ5

DQ6

TOGGLE

READ DQ6

FAIL PASS

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