ST LRI1K User Manual

1024-bit EEPROM tag IC at 13.56 MHz, with 64-bit UID and

Sawn and bumped wafer

kill code, ISO 15693 and ISO 18000-3 Mode 1 compliant

Features

■ ISO 15693 standard fully compliant

■ ISO 18000-3 Mode 1 standard fully compliant

■ 13.56 MHz ±7 kHz carrier frequency

■ To tag: 10% or 100% ASK modulation using

1/4 (26 Kbit/s) or 1/256 (1.6 Kbit/s) pulse
position coding

■ From tag: load modulation using Manchester

coding with 423 kHz and 484 kHz subcarriers
in low (6.6 Kbit/s) or high (26 Kbit/s) data rate
mode. Supports the 53 Kbit/s data rate with
Fast commands

■ Internal tuning capacitor (21 pF)

■ 1 000 000 Erase/Write cycles (minimum)

■ 40 year data retention (minimum)

■ 1024-bit EEPROM with Block Lock feature

■ 64-bit unique identifier (UID)

■ Electrical article surveillance capable (software

controlled)

■ Kill function

■ Read & Write (block of 32 bits)

■ 5 ms programming time

LRI1K

November 2010 Doc ID 17170 Rev 3 1/86

www.st.com

1

Contents LRI1K

Contents

1 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

1.1 Memory mapping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

1.2 Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

1.3 Initial dialogue for vicinity cards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

1.3.1 Power transfer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

1.3.2 Frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

1.3.3 Operating field . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

2 Communication signal from VCD to LRI1K . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

3 Data rate and data coding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

3.1 Data coding mode: 1 out of 256 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

3.2 Data coding mode: 1 out of 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

3.3 VCD to LRI1K frames . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

3.4 Start of frame (SOF) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

4 Communications signal from LRI1K to VCD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

4.1 Load modulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

4.2 Subcarrier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

4.3 Data rates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

5 Bit representation and coding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

5.1 Bit coding using one subcarrier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

5.1.1 High data rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

5.1.2 Low data rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

5.2 Bit coding using two subcarriers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

5.2.1 High data rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

5.2.2 Low data rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

6 LRI1K to VCD frames . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

6.1 SOF when using one subcarrier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

6.1.1 High data rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

6.1.2 Low data rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

2/86 Doc ID 17170 Rev 3

LRI1K Contents

6.2 SOF when using two subcarriers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

6.2.1 High data rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

6.2.2 Low data rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

6.3 EOF when using one subcarrier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

6.3.1 High data rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

6.3.2 Low data rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

6.4 EOF when using two subcarriers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

6.4.1 High data rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

6.4.2 Low data rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

7 Unique identifier (UID) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

8 Application family identifier (AFI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

9 Data storage format identifier (DSFID) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

9.1 CRC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

10 LRI1K protocol description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

11 LRI1K states . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

11.1 Power-off state . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

11.2 Ready state . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

11.3 Quiet state . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

11.4 Selected state . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

12 Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

12.1 Addressed mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

12.2 Non-Addressed mode (general request) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

12.3 Select mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

13 Request format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

13.1 Request flags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

14 Response format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

14.1 Response flags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

14.2 Response error code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

Doc ID 17170 Rev 3 3/86

Contents LRI1K

15 Anticollision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

15.1 Request parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

16 Request processing by the LRI1K . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

17 Explanation of the possible cases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

18 Inventory Initiated command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

19 Timing definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

19.1 t1: LRI1K response delay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

19.2 t2: VCD new request delay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

19.3 t

: VCD new request delay in the absence of a response from the LRI1K 46

3

20 Commands codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

20.1 Inventory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

20.2 Stay Quiet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

20.3 Read Single Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

20.4 Write Single Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

20.5 Lock Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

20.6 Read Multiple Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

20.7 Select . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

20.8 Reset to Ready . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

20.9 Write AFI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

20.10 Lock AFI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

20.11 Write DSFID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

20.12 Lock DSFID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

20.13 Get System Info . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

20.14 Get Multiple Block Security Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63

20.15 Kill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

20.16 Write Kill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

20.17 Lock Kill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

20.18 Fast Read Single Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

20.19 Fast Inventory Initiated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

20.20 Fast Initiate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72

4/86 Doc ID 17170 Rev 3

LRI1K Contents

20.21 Fast Read Multiple Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

20.22 Inventory Initiated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

20.23 Initiate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

21 Maximum rating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

22 DC and AC parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78

23 Part numbering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

Appendix A Anticollision algorithm (Informative) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

A.1 Algorithm for pulsed slots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

Appendix B CRC (Informative) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

B.1 CRC error detection method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

B.2 CRC calculation example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

B.3 Application family identifier (AFI) (informative) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84

Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

Doc ID 17170 Rev 3 5/86

List of tables LRI1K

List of tables

Table 1. Signal names . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Table 2. LRI1K memory map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Table 3. 10% modulation parameters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Table 4. Response data rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Table 5. UID format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Table 6. CRC transmission rules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

Table 7. VCD request frame format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

Table 8. LRI1K response frame format. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

Table 9. LRI1K response depending on request flags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Table 10. General request format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

Table 11. Definitions of request flags 1 to 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

Table 12. Request flags 5 to 8 when bit 3 = 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

Table 13. Request flags 5 to 8 when bit 3 = 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

Table 14. General response format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

Table 15. Definitions of response flags 1 to 8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

Table 16. Response error code definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

Table 17. Inventory request format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

Table 18. Example of the addition of 0-bits to an 11-bit mask value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

Table 19. Timing values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

Table 20. Command codes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

Table 21. Inventory request format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

Table 22. Inventory response format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

Table 23. Stay Quiet request format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

Table 24. Read Single Block request format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

Table 25. Read Single Block response format when Error_flag is NOT set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

Table 26. Block Locking status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

Table 27. Read Single Block response format when Error_flag is set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

Table 28. Write Single Block request format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

Table 29. Write Single Block response format when Error_flag is NOT set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

Table 30. Write Single Block response format when Error_flag is set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

Table 31. Lock Single Block request format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

Table 32. Lock Block response format when Error_flag is NOT set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

Table 33. Lock Block response format when Error_flag is set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

Table 34. Read Multiple Block request format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

Table 35. Read Multiple Block response format when Error_flag is NOT set. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

Table 36. Block Locking status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

Table 37. Read Multiple Block response format when Error_flag is set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

Table 38. Select request format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

Table 39. Select Block response format when Error_flag is NOT set. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

Table 40. Select response format when Error_flag is set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

Table 41. Reset to Ready request format. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

Table 42. Reset to Ready response format when Error_flag is NOT set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

Table 43. Reset to ready response format when Error_flag is set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

Table 44. Write AFI request format. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

Table 45. Write AFI response format when Error_flag is NOT set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

Table 46. Write AFI response format when Error_flag is set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

Table 47. Lock AFI request format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

Table 48. Lock AFI response format when Error_flag is NOT set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

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LRI1K List of tables

Table 49. Lock AFI response format when Error_flag is set. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

Table 50. Write DSFID request format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

Table 51. Write DSFID response format when Error_flag is NOT set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

Table 52. Write DSFID response format when Error_flag is set. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

Table 53. Lock DSFID request format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

Table 54. Lock DSFID response format when Error_flag is NOT set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

Table 55. Lock DSFID response format when Error_flag is set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

Table 56. Get System Info request format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

Table 57. Get System Info response format when Error_flag is NOT set. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

Table 58. Get System Info response format when Error_flag is set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

Table 59. Get Multiple Block Security Status request format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63

Table 60. Get Multiple Block Security Status response format when Error_flag is NOT set . . . . . . . 63

Table 61. Block Locking status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63

Table 62. Get Multiple Block Security Status response format when Error_flag is set . . . . . . . . . . . . 63

Table 63. Kill request format. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

Table 64. Kill response format when Error_flag is NOT set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

Table 65. Kill response format when Error_flag is set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

Table 66. Write Kill request format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

Table 67. Write Kill response format when Error_flag is NOT set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

Table 68. Write Kill response format when Error_flag is set. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

Table 69. Lock Kill request format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

Table 70. Lock Kill response format when Error_flag is NOT set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

Table 71. Lock Kill response format when Error_flag is set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

Table 72. Fast Read Single Block request format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

Table 73. Fast Read Single Block response format when Error_flag is NOT set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

Table 74. Block Locking status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

Table 75. Fast Read Single Block response format when Error_flag is set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

Table 76. Fast Inventory Initiated request format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

Table 77. Fast Inventory Initiated response format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

Table 78. Fast Initiate request format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72

Table 79. Fast Initiate response format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72

Table 80. Fast Read Multiple Block request format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

Table 81. Fast Read Multiple Block response format when Error_flag is NOT set. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

Table 82. Block Locking status if Option_flag is set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

Table 83. Fast Read Multiple Block response format when Error_flag is set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

Table 84. Inventory Initiated request format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

Table 85. Inventory Initiated response format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

Table 86. Initiate request format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

Table 87. Initiate Initiated response format. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

Table 88. Absolute maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

Table 89. AC characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78

Table 90. DC characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79

Table 91. Operating conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79

Table 92. Ordering information scheme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

Table 93. CRC definition. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

Table 94. AFI coding. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84

Table 95. Document revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

Doc ID 17170 Rev 3 7/86

List of figures LRI1K

List of figures

Figure 1. Pad connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Figure 2. 100% modulation waveform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Figure 3. 10% modulation waveform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Figure 4. 1 out of 256 coding mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Figure 5. Detail of one time period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Figure 6. 1 out of 4 coding mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Figure 7. 1 out of 4 coding example. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Figure 8. SOF to select 1 out of 256 data coding mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Figure 9. SOF to select 1 out of 4 data coding mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Figure 10. EOF for either data coding mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Figure 11. Logic 0, high data rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Figure 12. Logic 0, high data rate x2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Figure 13. Logic 1, high data rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Figure 14. Logic 1, high data rate x2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Figure 15. Logic 0, low data rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Figure 16. Logic 0, low data rate x2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Figure 17. Logic 1, low data rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Figure 18. Logic 1, low data rate x2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Figure 19. Logic 0, high data rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

Figure 20. Logic 1, high data rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

Figure 21. Logic 0, low data rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

Figure 22. Logic 1, low data rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

Figure 23. Start of frame, high data rate, one subcarrier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Figure 24. Start of frame, high data rate, one subcarrier x2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Figure 25. Start of frame, low data rate, one subcarrier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

Figure 26. Start of frame, low data rate, one subcarrier x2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

Figure 27. Start of frame, high data rate, two subcarriers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

Figure 28. Start of frame, low data rate, two subcarriers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

Figure 29. End of frame, high data rate, one subcarrier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Figure 30. End of frame, high data rate, one subcarrier x2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Figure 31. End of frame, low data rate, one subcarrier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Figure 32. End of frame, low data rate, one subcarrier x2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Figure 33. End of frame, high data rate, two subcarriers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

Figure 34. End of frame, low data rate, two subcarriers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

Figure 35. LRI1K decision tree for AFI. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

Figure 36. LRI1K protocol timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

Figure 37. LRI1K state transition diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Figure 38. Principle of comparison between the mask, the slot number and the UID . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

Figure 39. Description of a possible anticollision sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

Figure 40. Stay Quiet frame exchange between VCD and LRI1K . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

Figure 41. READ Single Block frame exchange between VCD and LRI1K . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

Figure 42. Write Single Block frame exchange between VCD and LRI1K. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

Figure 43. Lock Block frame exchange between VCD and LRI1K . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

Figure 44. Read Multiple Block frame exchange between VCD and LRI1K . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

Figure 45. Select frame exchange between VCD and LRI1K . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

Figure 46. Reset to Ready frame exchange between VCD and LRI1K . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

Figure 47. Write AFI frame exchange between VCD and LRI1K . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

Figure 48. Lock AFI frame exchange between VCD and LRI1K . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

8/86 Doc ID 17170 Rev 3

LRI1K List of figures

Figure 49. Write DSFID frame exchange between VCD and LRI1K . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

Figure 50. Lock DSFID frame exchange between VCD and LRI1K . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

Figure 51. Get System Info frame exchange between VCD and LRI1K . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

Figure 52. Get Multiple Block Security Status frame exchange between VCD and

LRI1K . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64

Figure 53. Kill frame exchange between VCD and LRI1K . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

Figure 54. Write Kill frame exchange between VCD and LRI1K . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

Figure 55. Lock Kill frame exchange between VCD and LRI1K . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68

Figure 56. Fast Read Single Block frame exchange between VCD and LRI1K. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70

Figure 57. Fast Initiate frame exchange between VCD and LRI1K . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72

Figure 58. Fast Read Multiple Block frame exchange between VCD and LRI1K . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74

Figure 59. Initiate frame exchange between VCD and LRI1K . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

Figure 60. LRI1K synchronous timing, transmit and receive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79

Doc ID 17170 Rev 3 9/86

Description LRI1K

!)

!#

,2)+

!#

0OWER
SUPPLY

REGULATOR

-ANCHESTER
LOAD

MODULATOR

!3+

DEMODULATOR

BIT

%%02/-

MEMORY

1 Description

The LRI1K is a contactless memory powered by the received carrier electromagnetic wave.
It is a 1024-bit electrically erasable programmable memory (EEPROM). The memory is
organized as 32 blocks of 32 bits. The LRI1K is accessed via the 13.56 MHz carrier
electromagnetic wave on which incoming data are demodulated from the received signal
amplitude modulation (ASK: amplitude shift keying). The received ASK wave is 10% or
100% modulated with a data rate of 1.6 Kbit/s using the 1/256 pulse coding mode or a data
rate of 26 Kbit/s using the 1/4 pulse coding mode.

Outgoing data are generated by the LRI1K load variation using Manchester coding with one
or two subcarrier frequencies at 423 kHz and 484 kHz. Data are transferred from the LRI1K
at 6.6 Kbit/s in low data rate mode and 26 Kbit/s fast data rate mode. The LRI1K supports
53 Kbit/s in high data rate mode with one subcarrier frequency at 423 kHz.

The LRI1K follows the ISO 15693 recommendation for radio-frequency power and signal
interface.

Figure 1. Pad connections

Table 1. Signal names

Signal name Function

AC1 Antenna coil

AC0 Antenna coil

10/86 Doc ID 17170 Rev 3

LRI1K Description

1.1 Memory mapping

The LRI1K is divided into 32 blocks of 32 bits. Each block can be individually write-protected
using the Lock command.

Table 2. LRI1K memory map

Add 0 7 8 15 16 23 24 31

0 User area

1 User area

2 User area

3 User area

4 User area

5 User area

6 User area

7 User area

8 User area

User area

User area

User area

28 User area

29 User area

30 User area

31 User area

UID 0 UID 1 UID 2 UID 3

UID 4 UID 5 UID 6 UID 7

AFI DSFID

Kill code

The User area consists of blocks that are always accessible in read mode. Write operations
are possible if the addressed block is not protected. During a write operation, the 32 bits of
the block are replaced by the new 32-bit value.

The LRI1K also has a 64-bit block that is used to store the 64-bit unique identifier (UID). The
UID is compliant to the ISO 15963 description, and its value is used during the anticollision
sequence (Inventory). This block is not accessible by the user and its value is written by ST
on the production line.

The LRI1K also includes an AFI register in which the application family identifier is stored,
and a DSFID register in which the data storage family identifier used in the anticollision
algorithm is stored. The LRI1K has an additional 32-bit block in which the kill code is stored.

Doc ID 17170 Rev 3 11/86

Description LRI1K

1.2 Commands

The LRI1K supports the following commands:

● Inventory, used to perform the anticollision sequence.

● Stay Quiet, used to put the LRI1K in quiet mode, where it does not respond to any

inventory command.

● Select, used to select the LRI1K. After this command, the LRI1K processes all

Read/Write commands with Select_flag set.

● Reset To Ready, used to put the LRI1K in the ready state.

● Read Block, used to output the 32 bits of the selected block and its locking status.

● Write Block, used to write the 32-bit value in the selected block, provided that it is not

locked.

● Lock Block, used to lock the selected block. After this command, the block cannot be

modified.

● Read Multiple Blocks, used to read the selected blocks and send back their value.

● Write AFI, used to write the 8-bit value in the AFI register.

● Lock AFI, used to lock the AFI register.

● Write DSFID, used to write the 8-bit value in the DSFID register.

● Lock DSFID, used to lock the DSFID register.

● Get System Info, used to provide the system information value

● Get Multiple Block Security Status, used to send the security status of the selected

block.

● Initiate, used to trigger the tag response to the Inventory Initiated sequence.

● Inventory Initiated, used to perform the anticollision sequence triggered by the Initiate

command.

● Kill, used to definitively deactivate the tag.

● Write Kill, used to write the 32-bit Kill code value

● Lock Kill, used to lock the Kill Code register.

● Fast Initiate, used to trigger the tag response to the Inventory Initiated sequence.

● Fast Inventory Initiated, used to perform the anticollision sequence triggered by the

Initiate command.

● Fast Read Block, used to output the 32 bits of the selected block and its locking status.

● Fast Read Multiple Blocks, used to read the selected blocks and send back their

value.

12/86 Doc ID 17170 Rev 3

LRI1K Description

1.3 Initial dialogue for vicinity cards

The dialog between the vicinity coupling device (VCD) and the vicinity integrated circuit card
or VICC (LRI1K) takes place as follows:

● activation of the LRI1K by the RF operating field of the VCD

● transmission of a command by the VCD

● transmission of a response by the LRI1K

These operations use the RF power transfer and communication signal interface described
below (see Power transfer, Frequency and Operating field). This technique is called RTF
(reader talk first).

1.3.1 Power transfer

Power is transferred to the LRI1K by radio frequency at 13.56 MHz via coupling antennas in
the LRI1K and the VCD. The RF operating field of the VCD is transformed on the LRI1K
antenna as an AC voltage which is rectified, filtered and internally regulated. The amplitude
modulation (ASK) on this received signal is demodulated by the ASK demodulator.

1.3.2 Frequency

The ISO 15693 standard defines the carrier frequency (fc) of the operating field as

13.56 MHz ±7 kHz.

1.3.3 Operating field

The LRI1K operates continuously between H

● The minimum operating field is H

● The maximum operating field is H

A VCD must generate a field of at least H
volume.

and H

min

and has a value of 150 mA/m rms.

min

and has a value of 5 A/m rms.

max

and not exceeding H

min

max

.

max

in the operating

Doc ID 17170 Rev 3 13/86

Communication signal from VCD to LRI1K LRI1K

AI06683

tRFF

tRFSBL

tRFR

105%

a

t

100%

95%

60%

5%

AI06655B

tRFF tRFSFL tRFR

hr

hf

ab t

2 Communication signal from VCD to LRI1K

Communications between the VCD and the LRI1K take place using the modulation principle
of ASK (amplitude shift keying). Two modulation indexes are used, 10% and 100%. The
LRI1K decodes both. The VCD determines which index is used.

The modulation index is defined as [a – b]/[a + b] where a is the peak signal amplitude and b
the minimum signal amplitude of the carrier frequency.

Depending on the choice made by the VCD, a "pause" will be created as described in

Figure 2 and Figure 3.

The LRI1K is operational for any degree of modulation index between 10% and 30%.

Figure 2. 100% modulation waveform

Table 3. 10% modulation parameters

Symbol Parameter definition Value

hr 0.1 x (a – b) max

hf 0.1 x (a – b) max

Figure 3. 10% modulation waveform

14/86 Doc ID 17170 Rev 3

LRI1K Data rate and data coding

AI06656

0 1 2 3 . . . . . . . . 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 2 2 2

. . . . . . . . . 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 5 5 5

. . . . . . . . . 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 3 4 5

4.833 ms

18.88 µs

9.44 µs

Pulse
Modulated
Carrier

3 Data rate and data coding

The data coding implemented in the LRI1K uses pulse position modulation. Both data
coding modes that are described in the ISO 15693 are supported by the LRI1K. The
selection is made by the VCD and indicated to the LRI1K within the start of frame (SOF).

3.1 Data coding mode: 1 out of 256

The value of one single byte is represented by the position of one pause. The position of the
pause on 1 of 256 successive time periods of 18.88 µs (256/f
byte. In this case the transmission of one byte takes 4.833 ms and the resulting data rate is

1.65 Kbits/s (f

/8192).

C

Figure 4 illustrates this pulse position modulation technique. In this Figure, data E1h (225

decimal) is sent by the VCD to the LRI1K.

The pause occurs during the second half of the position of the time period that determines
the value, as shown in Figure 5.

A pause during the first period transmits the data value 00h. A pause during the last period
transmits the data value FFh (255 decimal).

), determines the value of the

C

Figure 4. 1 out of 256 coding mode

Doc ID 17170 Rev 3 15/86

Data rate and data coding LRI1K

AI06657

2
2
5

18.88 µs

9.44 µs

Pulse
Modulated
Carrier

2
2
6

2
2
4

. . . . . . .. . . . . . .

Time Period

one of 256

Figure 5. Detail of one time period

16/86 Doc ID 17170 Rev 3

LRI1K Data rate and data coding

AI06658

9.44 µs 9.44 µs

75.52 µs

28.32 µs 9.44 µs

75.52 µs

47.20µs 9.44 µs

75.52 µs

66.08 µs 9.44 µs

75.52 µs

Pulse position for "00"

Pulse position for "11"

Pulse position for "10" (0=LSB)

Pulse position for "01" (1=LSB)

3.2 Data coding mode: 1 out of 4

The value of 2 bits is represented by the position of one pause. The position of the pause on
1 of 4 successive time periods of 18.88 µs (256/f
successive pairs of bits form a byte, where the least significant pair of bits is transmitted first.

In this case the transmission of one byte takes 302.08 µs and the resulting data rate is

26.48 Kbit/s (f

/512). Figure 6 illustrates the 1 out of 4 pulse position technique and coding.

C

Figure 7 shows the transmission of E1h (225d - 1110 0001b) by the VCD.

Figure 6. 1 out of 4 coding mode

) determines the value of the 2 bits. Four

C

Doc ID 17170 Rev 3 17/86

Data rate and data coding LRI1K

AI06659B

75.52 µs

75.52 µs

75.52 µs 75.52 µs

00

10

01 11

AI06661

37.76 µs

9.44 µs

9.44 µs

37.76 µs

Figure 7. 1 out of 4 coding example

3.3 VCD to LRI1K frames

Frames are delimited by a start of frame (SOF) and an end of frame (EOF). They are
implemented using code violation. Unused options are reserved for future use.

The LRI1K is ready to receive a new command frame from the VCD 311.5 µs (t
sending a response frame to the VCD.

The LRI1K takes a Power-On time of 0.1 ms after being activated by the powering field.
After this delay, the LRI1K is ready to receive a command frame from the VCD.

3.4 Start of frame (SOF)

The SOF defines the data coding mode the VCD is to use for the following command frame.

The SOF sequence described in Figure 8 selects the 1 out of 256 data coding mode.

The SOF sequence described in Figure 9 selects the 1 out of 4 data coding mode.

The EOF sequence for either coding mode is described in Figure 10.

Figure 8. SOF to select 1 out of 256 data coding mode

) after

2

18/86 Doc ID 17170 Rev 3

LRI1K Data rate and data coding

AI06660

37.76µs

9.44µs

9.44µs

37.76µs

9.44µs

AI06662

9.44 µs

37.76 µs

9.44 µs

Figure 9. SOF to select 1 out of 4 data coding mode

Figure 10. EOF for either data coding mode

Doc ID 17170 Rev 3 19/86

Communications signal from LRI1K to VCD LRI1K

4 Communications signal from LRI1K to VCD

The LRI1K has several modes defined for some parameters, owing to which it can operate
in different noise environments and meet different application requirements.

4.1 Load modulation

The LRI1K is capable of communication with the VCD via an inductive coupling area
whereby the carrier is loaded to generate a subcarrier with frequency f
generated by switching a load in the LRI1K.

The load-modulated amplitude received on the VCD antenna shall be at least 10 mV when
measured as described in the test methods defined in International Standard ISO 10373-7.

4.2 Subcarrier

The LRI1K supports the one-subcarrier and two-subcarrier response formats. These
formats are selected by the VCD using the first bit in the protocol header. When one
subcarrier is used, the frequency f
When two subcarriers are used, frequency f

484.28 kHz (f
continuous phase relationship between f

C

of the subcarrier load modulation is 423.75 kHz (fC/32).

S1

is 423.75 kHz (fC/32), and frequency fS2 is

S1

/28). When using the two-subcarrier mode, the LRI1K generates a

and fS2.

S1

. The subcarrier is

S

4.3 Data rates

The LRI1K can respond using the low or the high data rate format. The selection of the data
rate is made by the VCD using the second bit in the protocol header. It also supports the x2
mode available on all the Fast commands. Table 4 shows the different data rates produced
by the LRI1K using the different response format combinations.

Table 4. Response data rate

Data rate One subcarrier Two subcarriers

Low

High

Standard commands 6.62 Kbits/s (f

Fast commands 13.24 Kbits/s (f

Standard commands 26.48 Kbits/s (f

Fast commands 52.97 Kbits/s (f

/2048) 6.67 Kbits/s (fc/2032)

c

/1024) not applicable

c

/512) 26.69 Kbits/s (fc/508)

c

/256) not applicable

c

20/86 Doc ID 17170 Rev 3

LRI1K Bit representation and coding

37.76µs

ai12076

18.88µs

ai12066

37.76µs

ai12077

18.88µs

ai12067

5 Bit representation and coding

Data bits are encoded using Manchester coding, according to the following schemes. For
the low data rate, the same subcarrier frequency or frequencies is/are used, in this case the
number of pulses is multiplied by 4 and all times are increased by this factor. For the Fast
commands using one subcarrier, all pulse numbers and times are divided by 2.

5.1 Bit coding using one subcarrier

5.1.1 High data rate

A logic 0 starts with 8 pulses at 423.75 kHz (fC/32) followed by an unmodulated time of

18.88 µs as shown in Figure 11.

Figure 11. Logic 0, high data rate

For the Fast commands, a logic 0 starts with 4 pulses at 423.75 kHz (f

/32) followed by an

C

unmodulated time of 9.44 µs as shown in Figure 12.

Figure 12. Logic 0, high data rate x2

A logic 1 starts with an unmodulated time of 18.88 µs followed by 8 pulses at 423.75 kHz
(f

/32) as shown in Figure 13.

C

Figure 13. Logic 1, high data rate

For the Fast commands, a logic 1 starts with an unmodulated time of 9.44 µs followed by 4
pulses at 423.75 kHz (f

/32) as shown in Figure 14.

C

Figure 14. Logic 1, high data rate x2

Doc ID 17170 Rev 3 21/86

Bit representation and coding LRI1K

151.04µs

ai12068

75.52µs

ai12069

151.04µs

ai12070

75.52µs

ai12071

5.1.2 Low data rate

A logic 0 starts with 32 pulses at 423.75 kHz (fC/32) followed by an unmodulated time of

75.52 µs as shown in Figure 15.

Figure 15. Logic 0, low data rate

For the fast commands, a logic 0 starts with 16 pulses of 423,75 kHz (f

/32) followed by an

C

unmodulated time of 37,76 µs as shown in Figure 16.

Figure 16. Logic 0, low data rate x2

A logic 1 starts with an unmodulated time of 75,52 µs followed by 32 pulses of 423,75 kHz
(f

/32) as shown in Figure 17.

C

Figure 17. Logic 1, low data rate

For the Fast commands, a logic 1 starts with an unmodulated time of 37.76 µs followed by
16 pulses at 423.75 kHz (f

/32) as shown in Figure 18.

C

Figure 18. Logic 1, low data rate x2

22/86 Doc ID 17170 Rev 3

LRI1K Bit representation and coding

37.46µs

ai12074

37.46µs

ai12073

149.84µs

ai12072

149.84µs

ai12075

5.2 Bit coding using two subcarriers

5.2.1 High data rate

A logic 0 starts with 8 pulses at 423.75 kHz (fC/32) followed by 9 pulses at 484.28 kHz
(f

/28) as shown in Figure 19. For the Fast commands, the x2 mode is not available.

C

Figure 19. Logic 0, high data rate

A logic 1 starts with 9 pulses at 484.28 kHz (f
(f

/32) as shown in Figure 20. For the Fast commands, the x2 mode is not available.

C

Figure 20. Logic 1, high data rate

5.2.2 Low data rate

A logic 0 starts with 32 pulses at 423.75 kHz (fC/32) followed by 36 pulses at 484.28 kHz
(f

/28) as shown in Figure 21. For the Fast commands, the x2 mode is not available.

C

Figure 21. Logic 0, low data rate

A logic 1 starts with 36 pulses at 484.28kHz (fC/28) followed by 32 pulses at 423.75kHz
(f

/32) as shown in Figure 22. For the fast commands, the x2 mode is not available.

C

Figure 22. Logic 1, low data rate

/28) followed by 8 pulses at 423.75 kHz

C

Doc ID 17170 Rev 3 23/86

LRI1K to VCD frames LRI1K

113.28µs

ai12078

37.76µs

56.64µs

ai12079

18.88µs

6 LRI1K to VCD frames

Frames are delimited by an SOF and an EOF. They are implemented using code violation.
Unused options are reserved for future use. For the low data rate, the same subcarrier
frequency or frequencies is/are used. In this case the number of pulses is multiplied by 4.
For the Fast commands using one subcarrier, all pulse numbers and times are divided by 2.

6.1 SOF when using one subcarrier

6.1.1 High data rate

The SOF includes an unmodulated time of 56.64 µs followed by 24 pulses at 423.75 kHz
(f

/32), and a logic 1 that consists of an unmodulated time of 18.88 µs followed by 8 pulses

C

at 423.75 kHz. The SOF is shown in Figure 23.

Figure 23. Start of frame, high data rate, one subcarrier

For the Fast commands, the SOF comprises an unmodulated time of 28.32 µs, followed by
12 pulses at 423.75 kHz (f

/32), and a logic 1 that consists of an unmodulated time of

C

9.44 µs followed by 4 pulses at 423.75 kHz as shown in Figure 24.

Figure 24. Start of frame, high data rate, one subcarrier x2

24/86 Doc ID 17170 Rev 3

LRI1K LRI1K to VCD frames

453.12µs

ai12080

151.04µs

226.56µs

ai12081

75.52µs

112.39µs

ai12082

37.46µs

449.56µs

ai12083

149.84µs

6.1.2 Low data rate

SOF comprises an unmodulated time of 226.56 µs, followed by 96 pulses at 423.75 kHz
(f

/32), and a logic 1 that consists of an unmodulated time of 75.52 µs followed by 32 pulses

C

at 423.75 kHz as shown in Figure 25.

Figure 25. Start of frame, low data rate, one subcarrier

For the Fast commands, the SOF comprises an unmodulated time of 113.28 µs followed by
48 pulses at 423.75 kHz (f
followed by 16 pulses at 423.75 kHz as shown in Figure 26.

Figure 26. Start of frame, low data rate, one subcarrier x2

/32), and a logic 1 that includes an unmodulated time of 37.76 µs

C

6.2 SOF when using two subcarriers

6.2.1 High data rate

The SOF comprises 27 pulses at 484.28 kHz (fC/28), followed by 24 pulses at 423.75 kHz
(f

/32), and a logic 1 that includes 9 pulses at 484.28 kHz followed by 8 pulses at 423.75

C

kHz as shown in Figure 27.

For the Fast commands, the x2 mode is not available.

Figure 27. Start of frame, high data rate, two subcarriers

6.2.2 Low data rate

The SOF comprises 108 pulses at 484.28 kHz (fC/28) followed by 96 pulses at 423.75 kHz
(f

/32), and a logic 1 that includes 36 pulses at 484.28 kHz followed by 32 pulses at

C

423.75 kHz as shown in Figure 28.

For the Fast commands, the x2 mode is not available.

Figure 28. Start of frame, low data rate, two subcarriers

Doc ID 17170 Rev 3 25/86

LRI1K to VCD frames LRI1K

113.28µs

ai12084

37.76µs

56.64µs

ai12085

18.88µs

453.12µs

ai12086

151.04µs

226.56µs

ai12087

75.52µs

6.3 EOF when using one subcarrier

6.3.1 High data rate

The EOF comprises a logic 0 that includes 8 pulses at 423.75 kHz and an unmodulated time
of 18.88 µs, followed by 24 pulses at 423.75 kHz (f

56.64 µs as shown in Figure 29.

Figure 29. End of frame, high data rate, one subcarrier

For the Fast commands, the EOF comprises a logic 0 that includes 4 pulses at 423.75 kHz
and an unmodulated time of 9.44 µs, followed by 12 pulses at 423.75 kHz (f
unmodulated time of 28.32 µs as shown in Figure 30.

Figure 30. End of frame, high data rate, one subcarrier x2

/32) and by an unmodulated time of

C

/32) and an

C

6.3.2 Low data rate

The EOF comprises a logic 0 that includes 32 pulses at 423.75 kHz and an unmodulated
time of 75.52 µs, followed by 96 pulses at 423.75 kHz (f

226.56 µs as shown in Figure 31.

Figure 31. End of frame, low data rate, one subcarrier

For the Fast commands, the EOF comprises a logic 0 that includes 16 pulses at 423.75 kHz
and an unmodulated time of 37.76 µs, followed by 48 pulses at 423.75 kHz (f
unmodulated time of 113.28 µs as shown in Figure 32.

Figure 32. End of frame, low data rate, one subcarrier x2

/32) and an unmodulated time of

C

/32) and an

C

26/86 Doc ID 17170 Rev 3

LRI1K LRI1K to VCD frames

112.39µs

ai12088

37.46µs

449.56µs

ai12089

149.84µs

6.4 EOF when using two subcarriers

6.4.1 High data rate

The EOF comprises a logic 0 that includes 8 pulses at 423.75 kHz and 9 pulses at

484.28 kHz, followed by 24 pulses at 423.75 kHz (f
(f

/28) as shown in Figure 33.

C

For the Fast commands, the x2 mode is not available.

Figure 33. End of frame, high data rate, two subcarriers

6.4.2 Low data rate

The EOF comprises a logic 0 that includes 32 pulses at 423.75 kHz and 36 pulses at

484.28 kHz, followed by 96 pulses at 423.75 kHz (f
(f

/28) as shown in Figure 34

C

For the fast commands, the x2 mode is not available.

/32) and 27 pulses at 484.28 kHz

C

/32) and 108 pulses at 484.28 kHz

C

Figure 34. End of frame, low data rate, two subcarriers

Doc ID 17170 Rev 3 27/86

Unique identifier (UID) LRI1K

7 Unique identifier (UID)

The LRI1Ks are uniquely identified by a 64-bit Unique Identifier (UID). This UID complies
with ISO/IEC 15963 and ISO/IEC 7816-6. The UID is a read-only code, and comprises:

● the 8 MSBs are E0h

● the IC manufacturer code of ST 02h, on 8 bits (ISO/IEC 7816-6/AM1)

● a unique serial number on 48 bits.

Table 5. UID format

MSB LSB

63 56 55 48 47 0

E0h 02h Unique serial number

With the UID each LRI1K can be addressed uniquely and individually during the anticollision
loop and for one-to-one exchanges between a VCD and an LRI1K.

28/86 Doc ID 17170 Rev 3

LRI1K Application family identifier (AFI)

!)

)NVENTORY2EQUEST

RECEIVED

.O

.OANSWER

9E S

.O

!&)VALUE



9E S

.O

!&)&LAG

SET

9E S

!NSWERGIVENBYTHE,2)+

TOTHE)NVENTORYREQUEST

!&)VALUE
)NTERNAL

VALUE

8 Application family identifier (AFI)

The AFI (application family identifier) represents the type of application targeted by the VCD
and is used to identify, among all the LRI1Ks present, only the LRI1Ks that meet the
required application criteria.

Figure 35. LRI1K decision tree for AFI

The AFI is programmed by the LRI1K issuer (or purchaser) in the AFI register. Once
programmed and Locked, it can no longer be modified.

The most significant nibble of the AFI is used to code one specific or all application families.

The least significant nibble of the AFI is used to code one specific or all application
subfamilies. Subfamily codes different from 0 are proprietary. (See ISO 15693-3
documentation.)

The initial delivery state AFI value is 00h.

Doc ID 17170 Rev 3 29/86

Data storage format identifier (DSFID) LRI1K

9 Data storage format identifier (DSFID)

The data storage format identifier indicates how the data is structured in the LRI1K memory.
The logical organization of data can be known instantly using the DSFID.

It can be programmed and locked using the Write DSFID and Lock DSFID commands,
respectively. It is coded on one byte.

9.1 CRC

The CRC used in the LRI1K is calculated as per the definition in ISO/IEC 13239.

The initial register contents are all ones: "FFFF".

The two-byte CRC is appended to each request and response, within each frame, before
the EOF. The CRC is calculated on all the bytes between the SOF and the CRC field.

Upon reception of a request from the VCD, the LRI1K verifies that the CRC value is valid. If
it is invalid, the LRI1K discards the frame and does not answer to the VCD.

Upon reception of a response from the LRI1K, it is recommended that the VCD verifies
whether the CRC value is valid. If it is invalid, actions to be performed are left to the
discretion of the VCD designers.

The CRC is transmitted least significant byte first.

Each byte is transmitted least significant bit first.

Table 6. CRC transmission rules

LSByte MSByte

LSBit MSBit LSBit MSBit

CRC 16 (8bits) CRC 16 (8 bits)

30/86 Doc ID 17170 Rev 3

LRI1K LRI1K protocol description

10 LRI1K protocol description

The transmission protocol (or simply protocol) defines the mechanism used to exchange
instructions and data between the VCD and the LRI1K, in both directions. It is based on the
concept of "VCD talks first".

This means that an LRI1K will not start transmitting unless it has received and properly
decoded an instruction sent by the VCD. The protocol is based on an exchange of:

● a request from the VCD to the LRI1K

● a response from the LRI1K to the VCD

Each request and each response are contained in a frame. The frame delimiters (SOF,
EOF) are described in Section 6: LRI1K to VCD frames.

Each request consists of:

● a request SOF (see Figure 8 and Figure 9)

● flags

● a command code

● parameters, depending on the command

● application data

● a 2-byte CRC

● a request EOF (see Figure 10)

Each response consists of:

● an answer SOF (see Figure 23 to Figure 28)

● flags

● parameters, depending on the command

● application data

● a 2-byte CRC

● an Answer EOF (see Figure 29 to Figure 34)

The protocol is bit-oriented. The number of bits transmitted in a frame is a multiple of eight
(8), i.e. an integer number of bytes.

A single-byte field is transmitted least significant bit (LSBit) first. A multiple-byte field is
transmitted least significant byte (LSByte) first, with each byte transmitted least significant
bit (LSBit) first.

The setting of the flags indicates the presence of the optional fields. When the flag is set (to
one), the field is present. When the flag is reset (to zero), the field is absent.

Table 7. VCD request frame format

Request SOF Request Flags

Table 8. LRI1K response frame format

Response

SOF

Response

Flags

Command

code

Parameters Data 2 byte CRC

Parameters Data 2 byte CRC

Request

EOF

Response

EOF

Doc ID 17170 Rev 3 31/86

LRI1K protocol description LRI1K

Figure 36. LRI1K protocol timing

Request

VCD

frame

(Ta bl e 7 )

LRI1K

Timing t

Response frame

(Ta bl e 8 )

1

Request

frame

(Ta bl e 7 )

Response

frame (Ta bl e 8 )

t

2

t

1

t

2

32/86 Doc ID 17170 Rev 3

LRI1K LRI1K states

11 LRI1K states

An LRI1K can be in one of 4 states:

● Power-off

● Ready

● Quiet

● Selected

Transitions between these states are specified in Figure 37: LRI1K state transition diagram
and Table 9: LRI1K response depending on request flags.

11.1 Power-off state

The LRI1K is in the Power-off state when it does not receive enough energy from the VCD.

11.2 Ready state

The LRI1K is in the Ready state when it receives enough energy from the VCD. When in the
Ready state, the LRI1K answers any request where the Select_flag is not set.

11.3 Quiet state

When in the Quiet state, the LRI1K answers any request except for Inventory requests with
the Address_flag set.

11.4 Selected state

In the Selected state, the LRI1K answers any request in all modes (see Section 12: Modes):

● request in Select mode with the Select flag set

● request in Addressed mode if the UID matches

● request in Non-Addressed mode as it is the mode for general requests

Doc ID 17170 Rev 3 33/86

LRI1K states LRI1K

AI06681

Power Off

In field

Out of field

Ready

Quiet

Selected

Any other Command

where Select_Flag

is not set

Out of field

Out of field

Stay quiet(UID)

Select (UID)

Any other command

Any other command where the

Address_Flag is set AND

where Inventory_Flag is not set

Stay quiet(UID)

Select (UID)

Reset to ready where

Select_Flag is set or

Select(different UID)

Reset to ready

Table 9. LRI1K response depending on request flags

Address_flag Select_flag

Flags

1

Addressed0Non addressed1Selected0Non selected

LRI1K in Ready or Selected state
(Devices in Quiet state don’t

XX

answer)

LRI1K in Selected state X X

LRI1K in Ready, Quiet or Selected
state (the device which match the

XX

UID)

Error (03h) X X

Figure 37. LRI1K state transition diagram

34/86 Doc ID 17170 Rev 3

1. The intention of the state transition method is that only one LRI1K should be in the selected state at a time.

LRI1K Modes

12 Modes

The term “mode” refers to the mechanism used in a request to specify the set of LRI1Ks that
will answer the request.

12.1 Addressed mode

When the Address_flag is set to 1 (Addressed mode), the request contains the Unique ID
(UID) of the addressed LRI1K.

Any LRI1K that receives a request with the Address_flag set to 1 compares the received
Unique ID to its own. If it matches, then the LRI1K executes the request (if possible) and
returns a response to the VCD as specified in the command description.

If its UID does not match, then it remains silent.

12.2 Non-Addressed mode (general request)

When the Address_flag is set to 0 (Non-Addressed mode), the request does not contain a
Unique ID. Any LRI1K receiving a request with the Address_flag set to 0 executes it and
returns a response to the VCD as specified in the command description.

12.3 Select mode

When the Select_flag is set to 1 (Select mode), the request does not contain an LRI1K
Unique ID. The LRI1K in the Selected state that receives a request with the Select_flag set
to 1 executes it and returns a response to the VCD as specified in the command description.

Only LRI1Ks in the Selected state answer to a request where the Select Flag is set to 1.

The system design ensures in theory that only one LRI1K can be in the Select state at a
time.

Doc ID 17170 Rev 3 35/86

Request format LRI1K

13 Request format

The request consists of:

● an SOF

● flags

● a command code

● parameters and data

● a CRC

● an EOF

Table 10. General request format

S
O
F

13.1 Request flags

In a request, the "flags" field specifies the actions to be performed by the LRI1K and
whether corresponding fields are present or not.

Request flags Command code Parameters Data CRCEO

F

The flags field consists of eight bits.

The bit 3 (Inventory_flag) of the request flag defines the contents of the 4 MSBs (bits 5 to 8).

When bit 3 is reset (0), bits 5 to 8 define the LRI1K selection criteria.

When bit 3 is set (1), bits 5 to 8 define the LRI1K Inventory parameters.

Table 11. Definitions of request flags 1 to 4

Bit No Flag Level Description

Bit 1 Subcarrier_flag

Bit 2 Data_rate_flag

(1)

(2)

Bit 3 Inventory flag

Bit 4 Protocol Extension flag 0 No Protocol format extension

1. Subcarrier_flag refers to the LRI1K-to-VCD communication.

2. Data_rate_flag refers to the LRI1K-to-VCD communication

0 A single subcarrier frequency is used by the LRI1K

1 Two subcarriers are used by the LRI1K

0 Low data rate is used

1 High data rate is used

0 The meaning of Flags 5 to 8 is described in Ta b le 1 2

1 The meaning of Flags 5 to 8 is described in Ta b le 1 3

36/86 Doc ID 17170 Rev 3

LRI1K Request format

Table 12. Request flags 5 to 8 when bit 3 = 0

Bit No Flag Level Description

Request is executed by any LRI1K according to the setting of

Bit 5 Select_flag

(1)

Bit 6 Address_flag

Bit 7 Option flag 0

Bit 8 RFU 0

1. If the Select_flag is set to 1, the Address_flag is set to 0 and the UID field is not present in the request.

Table 13. Request flags 5 to 8 when bit 3 = 1

Bit No Flag Level Description

0

Address_flag

1 Request is executed only by the LRI1K in Selected state

Request is not addressed. UID field is not present. The request is

0

executed by all LRI1Ks.

(1)

Request is addressed. UID field is present. The request is

1

executed only by the LRI1K whose UID matches the UID
specified in the request.

Bit 5 AFI flag

Bit 6 Nb_slots flag

Bit 7 Option flag 0

Bit 8 RFU 0

0 AFI field is not present

1 AFI field is present

0 16 slots

11 slot

Doc ID 17170 Rev 3 37/86

Response format LRI1K

14 Response format

The response consists of:

● an SOF

● flags

● parameters and data

● a CRC

● an EOF

Table 14. General response format

S

OFResponse flags Parameters Data CRC

14.1 Response flags

In a response, the flags indicate how actions have been performed by the LRI1K and
whether corresponding fields are present or not. The response flags consist of eight bits.

Table 15. Definitions of response flags 1 to 8

Bit No. Flag Level Description

E
O
F

Bit 1 Error_flag

0 No error

1 Error detected. Error code is in the "Error" field.

Bit 2 RFU 0

Bit 3 RFU 0

Bit 4 Extension flag 0 No extension

Bit 5 RFU 0

Bit 6 RFU 0

Bit 7 RFU 0

Bit 8 RFU 0

38/86 Doc ID 17170 Rev 3

LRI1K Response format

14.2 Response error code

If the Error_flag is set by the LRI1K in the response, the Error code field is present and
provides information about the error that occurred.

Error codes not specified in Ta ble 1 6 are reserved for future use.

Table 16. Response error code definition

Error code Meaning

03h The command option is not supported

0F Error with no information given or a specific error code is not supported.

10h The specified block is not available (does not exist).

11h The specified block is already locked and thus cannot be locked again

12h The specified block is locked and its contents cannot be changed.

13h The specified block was not successfully programmed.

14h The specified block was not successfully locked.

Doc ID 17170 Rev 3 39/86

Anticollision LRI1K

15 Anticollision

The purpose of the anticollision sequence is to inventory the LRI1Ks present in the VCD
field using their unique ID (UID).

The VCD is the master of communications with one or several LRI1Ks. It initiates LRI1K
communication by issuing the Inventory request.

The LRI1K sends its response in the determined slot or does not respond.

15.1 Request parameters

When issuing the Inventory command, the VCD:

● sets the Nb_slots_flag as desired,

● adds the mask length and the mask value after the command field,

The mask length is the number of significant bits of the mask value.

The mask value is contained in an integer number of bytes. The mask length indicates the
number of significant bits. The LSB is transmitted first.

If the mask length is not a multiple of 8 (bits), as many 0-bits as required will be added to the
mask value MSB so that the mask value is contained in an integer number of bytes.

The next field starts on the next byte boundary.

Table 17. Inventory request format

MSB LSB

SOF

Request_

flags

8 bits 8 bits 8 bits 8 bits 0 to 8 bytes 16 bits

Command Optional AFI

Mask

length

Mask value CRC EOF

In the example of Ta ble 1 8 and Figure 38, the mask length is 11 bits. Five 0-bits are added
to the mask value MSB. The 11-bit Mask and the current slot number are compared to the
UID.

Table 18. Example of the addition of 0-bits to an 11-bit mask value

(b15) MSB LSB (b0)

0000 0 100 1100 1111

0-bits added 11-bit mask value

40/86 Doc ID 17170 Rev 3

LRI1K Anticollision

AI06682

Mask value received in the Inventory command 0000 0100 1100 1111b16 bits

The Mask value less the padding 0s is loaded
into the Tag comparator

100 1100 1111b11 bits

The Slot counter is calculated

xxxxNb_slots_flags = 0 (16 slots), Slot Counter is 4 bits

The Slot counter is concatened to the Mask value

xxxx 100 1100 1111

b

Nb_slots_flags = 0 15 bits

The concatenated result is compared with
the least significant bits of the Tag UID.

xxxx xxxx ..... xxxx xxxx x xxx xxxx xxxx xxxx 64 bits

LSBMSB

b

LSBMSB

LSBMSB

LSBMSB

b0b63

CompareBits ignored

UID

4 bits

Figure 38. Principle of comparison between the mask, the slot number and the UID

The AFI field is present if the AFI_flag is set.

The pulse is generated according to the definition of the EOF in ISO/IEC 15693-2.

The first slot starts immediately after the reception of the request EOF. To switch to the next
slot, the VCD sends an EOF.

The following rules and restrictions apply:

● if no LRI1K answer is detected, the VCD may switch to the next slot by sending an EOF,

● if one or more LRI1K answers are detected, the VCD waits until the complete frame

has been received before sending an EOF for switching to the next slot.

Doc ID 17170 Rev 3 41/86

Request processing by the LRI1K LRI1K

16 Request processing by the LRI1K

Upon reception of a valid request, the LRI1K performs the following algorithm:

● NbS is the total number of slots (1 or 16)

● SN is the current slot number (0 to 15)

● LSB (value, n) function returns the n Less Significant Bits of value

● MSB (value, n) function returns the n Most Significant Bits of value

● "&" is the concatenation operator

● Slot_Frame is either an SOF or an EOF

SN = 0
if (Nb_slots_flag)

then NbS = 1

SN_length = 0
endif

else NbS = 16

SN_length = 4
endif

label1:
if LSB(UID, SN_length + Mask_length) =

LSB(SN,SN_length)&LSB(Mask,Mask_length)

then answer to inventory request

endif

wait (Slot_Frame)

if Slot_Frame = SOF

then Stop Anticollision

decode/process request
exit
endif

if Slot_Frame = EOF

if SN < NbS-1

then SN = SN + 1

goto label1
exit
endif

endif

42/86 Doc ID 17170 Rev 3

LRI1K Explanation of the possible cases

17 Explanation of the possible cases

Figure 39 summarizes the main possible cases that can occur during an anticollision

sequence when the slot number is 16.

The different steps are:

● The VCD sends an Inventory request, in a frame terminated by an EOF. The number of

slots is 16.

● LRI1K 1 transmits its response in Slot 0. It is the only one to do so, therefore no

collision occurs and its UID is received and registered by the VCD;

● The VCD sends an EOF in order to switch to the next slot.

● In slot 1, two LRI1Ks, LRI1K 2 and LRI1K 3 transmit a response, thus generating a

collision. The VCD records the event and remembers that a collision was detected in
Slot 1.

● The VCD sends an EOF in order to switch to the next slot.

● In Slot 2, no LRI1K transmits a response. Therefore the VCD does not detect any

LRI1K SOF and decides to switch to the next slot by sending an EOF.

● In slot 3, there is another collision caused by responses from LRI1K 4 and LRI1K 5

● The VCD then decides to send a request (for instance a Read Block) to LRI1K 1 whose

UID has already been correctly received.

● All LRI1Ks detect an SOF and exit the anticollision sequence. They process this

request and since the request is addressed to LRI1K 1, only LRI1K 1 transmits a
response.

● All LRI1Ks are ready to receive another request. If it is an Inventory command, the slot

numbering sequence restarts from 0.

Note: The decision to interrupt the anticollision sequence is made by the VCD. It could have

continued to send EOFs until Slot 16 and only then sent the request to LRI1K 1.

Doc ID 17170 Rev 3 43/86

Explanation of the possible cases LRI1K

!)

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2EQUEST

%/& % /& %/& %/& 3/&

2EQUESTTO

,2)+

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2ESPONSE



2ESPONSE



,2)+

2ESPONSE

FROM

,2)+

2ESPONSE



2ESPONSE



2ESPONSE



4IMING T T T T T T T T

#OMMENT

.O

COLLISION

#OLLISION

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2ESPONSE

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Figure 39. Description of a possible anticollision sequence

44/86 Doc ID 17170 Rev 3

LRI1K Inventory Initiated command

18 Inventory Initiated command

The LRI1K provides a special feature to improve the inventory time response of moving tags
using the Initiate_flag value. This flag, controlled by the Initiate command, allows tags to
answer to Inventory Initiated commands.

For applications in which multiple tags are moving in front of a reader, it is possible to miss
tags using the standard inventory command. The reason is that the inventory sequence has
to be performed on a global tree search. For example, a tag with a particular UID value may
have to wait the run of a long tree search before being inventoried. If the delay is too long,
the tag may be out of the field before it has been detected.

Using the Initiate command, the inventory sequence is optimized. When multiple tags are
moving in front of a reader, the ones which are within the reader field will be initiated by the
Initiate command. In this case, a small batch of tags will answer to the Inventory Initiated
command which will optimize the time necessary to identify all the tags. When finished, the
reader has to issue a new Initiate command in order to initiate a new small batch of tags
which are new inside the reader field.

It is also possible to reduce the inventory sequence time using the Fast Initiate and Fast
Inventory Initiated commands. These commands allow the LRI1Ks to increase their
response data rate by a factor of 2, up to 53kbit/s.

Doc ID 17170 Rev 3 45/86

Timing definition LRI1K

19 Timing definition

19.1 t1: LRI1K response delay

Upon detection of the rising edge of the EOF received from the VCD, the LRI1K waits for a
time t
slot during an inventory process. Values of t

Figure 10 on page 19.

19.2 t2: VCD new request delay

t2 is the time after which the VCD may send an EOF to switch to the next slot when one or
more LRI1K responses have been received during an Inventory command. It starts from the
reception of the EOF from the LRI1Ks.

The EOF sent by the VCD may be either 10% or 100% modulated regardless of the
modulation index used for transmitting the VCD request to the LRI1K.

t

is also the time after which the VCD may send a new request to the LRI1K as described in

2

Table 36: LRI1K protocol timing.

before transmitting its response to a VCD request or before switching to the next

1nom

are given in Ta bl e 19 . The EOF is defined in

1

Values of t

are given in Ta bl e 1 9 .

2

19.3 t3: VCD new request delay in the absence of a response from the LRI1K

t3 is the time after which the VCD may send an EOF to switch to the next slot when no
LRI1K response has been received.

The EOF sent by the VCD may be either 10% or 100% modulated regardless of the
modulation index used for transmitting the VCD request to the LRI1K.

From the time the VCD has generated the rising edge of an EOF:

● If this EOF is 100% modulated, the VCD waits a time at least equal to t

sending a new EOF.

● If this EOF is 10% modulated, the VCD waits a time at least equal to the sum of t

the LRI1K nominal response time (which depends on the LRI1K data rate and
subcarrier modulation mode) before sending a new EOF.

Table 19. Timing values

Minimum (min) values Nominal (nom) values Maximum (max) values

t

1

t

2

t

3

1. The tolerance of specific timings is ± 32/f

2. t

does not apply for write alike requests. Timing conditions for write alike requests are defined in the

1max

command description.

is the time taken by the LRI1K to transmit an SOF to the VCD. t

3. t

SOF

High data rate or Low data rate.

318.6 µs 320.9 µs 323.3 µs

309.2 µs No t

(2)

t

1max

+ t

SOF

(3)

(1)

nom

No t

nom

.

C

depends on the current data rate:

SOF

3min

No t

No t

before

max

max

3min

+

46/86 Doc ID 17170 Rev 3

LRI1K Commands codes

20 Commands codes

The LRI1K supports the commands described in this section. Their codes are given in

Ta bl e 2 0 .

Table 20. Command codes

Command code

standard

01h Inventory A6h Kill

02h Stay Quiet B1h Write Kill

20h Read Single Block B2h Lock Kill

21h Write Single Block C0h Fast Read Single Block

22h Lock Block C1h Fast Inventory Initiated

23h Read Multiple Block C2h Fast Initiate

25h Select C3h Fast Read Multiple Block

26h Reset to Ready D1h Inventory Initiated

27h Write AFI D2h Initiate

28h Lock AFI

29h Write DSFID

2Ah Lock DSFID

2Bh Get System Info

2Ch

Function

Get Multiple Block
Security Status

Command code

custom

Function

Doc ID 17170 Rev 3 47/86

Commands codes LRI1K

20.1 Inventory

When receiving the Inventory request, the LRI1K runs the anticollision sequence. The
Inventory_flag is set to 1. The meaning of flags 5 to 8 is shown in Table 13: Request flags 5

to 8 when bit 3 = 1.

The request contains:

● the flags,

● the Inventory command code (see Table 20: Command codes)

● the AFI if the AFI flag is set

● the mask length

● the mask value

● the CRC

The LRI1K does not generate any answer in case of error.

Table 21. Inventory request format

Request

SOF

Request

flags

Inventory

Optional

AFI

Mask

length

Mask value CRC16

Request

EOF

8 bits 01h 8 bits 8 bits 0 - 64 bits 16 bits

The response contains:

● the flags

● the Unique ID

Table 22. Inventory response format

Response

SOF

Response

flags

DSFID UID CRC16

Response

EOF

8 bits 8 bits 64 bits 16 bits

During an Inventory process, if the VCD does not receive an RF LRI1K response, it waits a
time t

before sending an EOF to switch to the next slot. t3 starts from the rising edge of the

3

request EOF sent by the VCD.

● If the VCD sends a 100% modulated EOF, the minimum value of t

t

min = 4384/fC (323.3µs) + t

3

●

If the VCD sends a 10% modulated EOF, the minimum value of t3 is:
t

min = 4384/fC (323.3µs) + t

3

SOF

NRT

is:

3

where:

● t

● t

t

NRT

is the time required by the LRI1K to transmit an SOF to the VCD

SOF

is the nominal response time of the LRI1K

NRT

and t

are dependent on the LRI1K-to-VCD data rate and subcarrier modulation

SOF

mode.

48/86 Doc ID 17170 Rev 3

LRI1K Commands codes

20.2 Stay Quiet

On receiving the Stay Quiet command, the LRI1K enters the Quiet state and does NOT
send back a response. There is NO response to the Stay Quiet command even if an error
occurs.

When in the Quiet state:

● the LRI1K does not process any request if the Inventory_flag is set,

● the LRI1K processes any Addressed request

The LRI1K exits the Quiet state when:

● it is reset (power off),

● receiving a Select request. It then goes to the Selected state,

● receiving a Reset to Ready request. It then goes to the Ready state.

Table 23. Stay Quiet request format

Request

SOF

Request flags Stay Quiet UID CRC16

Request

EOF

8 bits 02h 64 bits 16 bits

The Stay Quiet command must always be executed in the Addressed mode (Select_flag is
reset to 0 and Address_flag is set to 1).

Figure 40. Stay Quiet frame exchange between VCD and LRI1K

VCD SOF

Stay Quiet

request

EOF

LRI1K

Timing

Doc ID 17170 Rev 3 49/86

Commands codes LRI1K

20.3 Read Single Block

On receiving the Read Single Block command, the LRI1K reads the requested block and
sends back its 32 bits value in the response. The Option_flag is supported.

Table 24. Read Single Block request format

Request

SOF

Request_flags

8 bits 20h

Read

Single

Block

UID

64 bits 8 bits 16 bits

Block

number

CRC16

Request parameters:

● Option_flag

● UID (Optional)

● Block number

Table 25. Read Single Block response format when Error_flag is NOT set

Response

SOF

Response_

flags

Block

locking

status

Data CRC16

Response

8 bits 8 bits 32 bits 16 bits

Response parameter:

● Block Locking Status if Option_flag is set (see Table 26: Block Locking status)

● 4 bytes of block data

Table 26. Block Locking status

Request

EOF

EOF

b

b

7

b

6

b

5

b

4

b

3

2

all 0

Table 27. Read Single Block response format when Error_flag is set

Response SOF

Response_

Flags

Error code CRC16 Response EOF

8 bits 8 bits 16 bits

Response parameter:

● Error code as Error_flag is set:

– 0Fh: other error

– 10h: block address not available

50/86 Doc ID 17170 Rev 3

b

1

0: Current Block not locked
1: Current Block locked

b

0

LRI1K Commands codes

Figure 41. READ Single Block frame exchange between VCD and LRI1K

VCD SOF

Read Single

Block request

EOF

LRI1K <-t

-> SOF

1

Read Single

Block response

EOF

Doc ID 17170 Rev 3 51/86

Commands codes LRI1K

20.4 Write Single Block

On receiving the Write Single Block Command, the LRI1K writes the data contained in the
request to the requested block and reports whether the write operation was successful in
the response. The Option_flag is supported.

During the write cycle t
Otherwise, the LRI1K may not program correctly the data into the memory. The t
equal to t

Table 28. Write Single Block request format

Request

SOF

+ 18 × 302µs.

1nom

Request_

flags

, there should be no modulation (neither 100% nor 10%).

W

Write Single

Block

UID

Block

number

Data CRC16

W

8 bits 21h 64 bits 8 bits 32 bits 16 bits

Request parameters:

● UID (Optional)

● Block number

● Data

Table 29. Write Single Block response format when Error_flag is NOT set

Response SOF Response_flags CRC16 Response EOF

8 bits 16 bits

Response parameter:

● No parameter. The response is sent back after the write cycle.

Table 30. Write Single Block response format when Error_flag is set

time is

Request

EOF

Response SOF Response_flags Error code CRC16 Response EOF

8 bits 8 bits 16 bits

Response parameter:

● Error code as Error_flag is set:

– 10h: block address not available

– 12h: block is locked

– 13h: block not programmed

Figure 42. Write Single Block frame exchange between VCD and LRI1K

VCD SOF

LRI1K <-t

LRI1K

52/86 Doc ID 17170 Rev 3

Write Single

Block request

EOF

-> SOF

1

Write Single

Block response

EOF Write sequence when error

<------------ tW ------------><- t1 -> SOF

Write Single

Block response

EOF

LRI1K Commands codes

20.5 Lock Block

On receiving the Lock Block command, the LRI1K permanently locks the selected block.

During the write cycle t
Otherwise, the LRI1K may not lock correctly the memory block. The t

, there should be no modulation (neither 100% nor 10%).

W

time is equal to t

W

+ 18 × 302µs.

Table 31. Lock Single Block request format

Request

SOF

Request_

flags

Lock Block

UID

Block

number

CRC16

8 bits 22h 64 bits 8 bits 16 bits

Request parameters:

● UID (Optional)

● Block number

Table 32. Lock Block response format when Error_flag is NOT set

Response SOF Response_flags CRC16 Response EOF

8 bits 16 bits

Response parameter:

● No parameter.

Table 33. Lock Block response format when Error_flag is set

1nom

Request

EOF

Response

SOF

Response_flags Error code CRC16

8 bits 8 bits 16 bits

Response parameter:

● Error code as Error_flag is set:

– 10h: block address not available

– 11h: block is locked

– 14h: block not locked

Figure 43. Lock Block frame exchange between VCD and LRI1K

VCD SOF

LRI1K

LRI1K

Lock Block

request

EOF

<-t1-> SOF

Lock Block

response

<------------ tW ------------><- t1 -> SOF

EOF

Response

EOF

Lock sequence when

error

Lock Block

response

EOF

Doc ID 17170 Rev 3 53/86

Commands codes LRI1K

20.6 Read Multiple Block

When receiving the Read Multiple Block command, the LRI1K reads the selected blocks
and sends back their values in multiples of 32 bits in the response. The blocks are
numbered from '00h’ to '1Fh' in the request.

The “number of blocks” value corresponds to the number of blocks to be read after the first
block. For example, if the “number of blocks” field contains the value 06h, 7 blocks will be
read. The maximum number of blocks that can be read is 32.

During Sequential Block Read, when the block address reaches 32, it rolls over to 0. The
Option_flag is supported.

Table 34. Read Multiple Block request format

Request

SOF

Request_

flags

8 bits 23h

Read

Multiple

Block

First

UID

block

number

64 bits 8 bits 8 bits 16 bits

Number

of

blocks

CRC16

Request parameters:

● Option_flag

● UID (Optional)

● First block number

● Number of blocks

Table 35. Read Multiple Block response format when Error_flag is NOT set

Response

SOF

Response_

flags

8 bits 8 bits

1. Repeated as needed.

Block

Locking

Status

(1)

Data CRC16

(1)

32 bits

16 bits

Response parameter:

● Block Locking Status if Option_flag is set (see Table 36: Block Locking status)

● N blocks of data

Table 36. Block Locking status

Request

EOF

Response

EOF

b

b

7

b

6

b

5

b

4

b

3

2

All 0

Table 37. Read Multiple Block response format when Error_flag is set

Response SOF Response_flags Error code CRC16 Response EOF

8 bits 8 bits 16 bits

54/86 Doc ID 17170 Rev 3

b

1

0: Current Block not locked
1: Current Block locked

b

0

LRI1K Commands codes

Response parameter:

● Error code as Error_flag is set:

– 0Fh: other error

– 10h: block address not available

Figure 44. Read Multiple Block frame exchange between VCD and LRI1K

VCD SOF

LRI1K

Read Multiple
Block request

EOF

<-t1-> SOF

Read Multiple

Block

response

EOF

Doc ID 17170 Rev 3 55/86

Commands codes LRI1K

20.7 Select

When receiving the Select command:

● if the UID is equal to its own UID, the LRI1K enters or stays in the Selected state and

sends a response.

● if the UID does not match its own, the selected LRI1K returns to the Ready state and

does not send a response.

The LRI1K answers an error code only if the UID is equal to its own UID. If not, no response
is generated.

Table 38. Select request format

Request

SOF

Request_

flags

Select UID CRC16

Request

EOF

8 bits 25h 64 bits 16 bits

Request parameter:

● UID

Table 39. Select Block response format when Error_flag is NOT set

Response SOF Response_flags CRC16 Response EOF

8 bits 16 bits

Response parameter:

● No parameter.

Table 40. Select response format when Error_flag is set

Response SOF Response_flags Error code CRC16 Response EOF

8 bits 8 bits 16 bits

Response parameter:

● Error code as Error_flag is set:

– 0Fh: other error

Figure 45. Select frame exchange between VCD and LRI1K

VCD SOF

LRI1K

Select

request

EOF

<-t1-> SOF

56/86 Doc ID 17170 Rev 3

Select

response

EOF

LRI1K Commands codes

20.8 Reset to Ready

On receiving a Reset to Ready command, the LRI1K returns to the Ready state. In the
Addressed mode, the LRI1K answers an error code only if the UID is equal to its own UID. If
not, no response is generated.

Table 41. Reset to Ready request format

Request

SOF

Request_

flags

Reset to Ready

UID CRC16

8 bits 26h 64 bits 16 bits

Request parameter:

● UID (Optional)

Table 42. Reset to Ready response format when Error_flag is NOT set

Response

SOF

Response_flags CRC16

8 bits 16 bits

Response parameter:

● No parameter.

Table 43. Reset to ready response format when Error_flag is set

Response SOF

Response_

flags

Error code CRC16 Response EOF

8 bits 8 bits 16 bits

Request

EOF

Response

EOF

Response parameter:

● Error code as Error_flag is set:

– 0Fh: other error

Figure 46. Reset to Ready frame exchange between VCD and LRI1K

VCD SOF

LRI1K

Reset to Ready

request

Doc ID 17170 Rev 3 57/86

EOF

<-t1-> SOF

Reset to Ready

response

EOF

Commands codes LRI1K

20.9 Write AFI

On receiving the Write AFI request, the LRI1K writes the AFI byte value into its memory.

During the write cycle t
Otherwise, the LRI1K may not write correctly the AFI value into the memory. The t
equal to t

Table 44. Write AFI request format

Request

SOF

+ 18 × 302µs.

1nom

Request

_flags

, there should be no modulation (neither 100% nor 10%).

W

Write AFI

UID AFI CRC16

W

Request

8 bits 27h 64 bits 8 bits 16 bits

Request parameters:

● UID (Optional)

● AFI

Table 45. Write AFI response format when Error_flag is NOT set

Response SOF Response_flags CRC16 Response EOF

8 bits 16 bits

Response parameter:

● No parameter.

Table 46. Write AFI response format when Error_flag is set

time is

EOF

Response SOF Response_flags Error code CRC16 Response EOF

8 bits 8 bits 16 bits

Response parameter:

● Error code as Error_flag is set:

– 12h: block is locked

– 13h: block not programmed

Figure 47. Write AFI frame exchange between VCD and LRI1K

VCD SOF

LRI1K

LRI1K

Write AFI

request

EOF

<-t1-> SOF

Write AFI
response

<------------ tW ------------><- t1 -> SOF

Write sequence when

EOF

Write AFI
response

error

EOF

58/86 Doc ID 17170 Rev 3

LRI1K Commands codes

20.10 Lock AFI

On receiving the Lock AFI request, the LRI1K locks the AFI value permanently.

During the write cycle t
Otherwise, the LRI1K may not Lock correctly the AFI value in memory. The t
to t

Table 47. Lock AFI request format

Request SOF

+ 18 × 302 µs.

1nom

Request_

flags

, there should be no modulation (neither 100% nor 10%).

W

time is equal

W

Lock AFI UID CRC16 Request EOF

8 bits 28h 64 bits 16 bits

Request parameter:

● UID (Optional)

Table 48. Lock AFI response format when Error_flag is NOT set

Response SOF Response_flags CRC16 Response EOF

8 bits 16 bits

Response parameter:

● No parameter.

Table 49. Lock AFI response format when Error_flag is set

Response SOF Response_flags Error code CRC16 Response EOF

8 bits 8 bits 16 bits

Response parameter:

● Error code as Error_flag is set:

– 11h: block is locked

– 14h: block not locked

Figure 48. Lock AFI frame exchange between VCD and LRI1K

VCD SOF

LRI1K

LRI1K

Lock AFI

request

EOF

<-t1-> SOF

Lock AFI

response

<------------ tW ------------><- t1 -> SOF

EOF

Lock sequence when

error

Lock AFI

response

EOF

Doc ID 17170 Rev 3 59/86

Commands codes LRI1K

20.11 Write DSFID

On receiving the Write DSFID request, the LRI1K writes the DSFID byte value into its
memory.

During the write cycle t
Otherwise, the LRI1K may not write correctly the DSFID value in memory. The t
equal to t

Table 50. Write DSFID request format

Request

SOF

+ 18 × 302µs.

1nom

Request_

flags

, there should be no modulation (neither 100% nor 10%).

W

Write

DSFID

UID DSFID CRC16

time is

W

8 bits 29h 64 bits 8 bits 16 bits

Request parameters:

● UID (Optional)

● DSFID

Table 51. Write DSFID response format when Error_flag is NOT set

Response SOF Response_flags CRC16 Response EOF

8 bits 16 bits

Response parameter:

● No parameter.

Table 52. Write DSFID response format when Error_flag is set

Request

EOF

Response SOF

Response_

flags

Error code CRC16 Response EOF

8 bits 8 bits 16 bits

Response parameter:

● Error code as Error_flag is set:

– 12h: block is locked

– 13h: block not programmed

Figure 49. Write DSFID frame exchange between VCD and LRI1K

Write

VCD SOF

LRI1K

LRI1K

DSFID

request

EOF

<-t1-> SOF

Write DSFID

response

<------------ tW ------------><- t1 -> SOF

EOF

Write sequence when

error

Write DSFID

response

EOF

60/86 Doc ID 17170 Rev 3

LRI1K Commands codes

20.12 Lock DSFID

On receiving the Lock DSFID request, the LRI1K locks the DSFID value permanently.

During the write cycle t
Otherwise, the LRI1K may not lock correctly the DSFID value in memory. The t
equal to t

Table 53. Lock DSFID request format

Request SOF

+ 18 × 302µs.

1nom

Request_

, there should be no modulation (neither 100% nor 10%).

W

flags

Lock DSFID UID CRC16 Request EOF

time is

W

8 bits 2Ah 64 bits 16 bits

Request parameter:

● UID (Optional)

Table 54. Lock DSFID response format when Error_flag is NOT set

Response SOF Response_flags CRC16 Response EOF

8 bits 16 bits

Response parameter:

● No parameter.

Table 55. Lock DSFID response format when Error_flag is set

Response SOF

Response_

flags

Error code CRC16 Response EOF

8 bits 8 bits 16 bits

Response parameter:

● Error code as Error_flag is set:

– 11h: block is locked

– 14h: block not locked

Figure 50. Lock DSFID frame exchange between VCD and LRI1K

Lock

VCD SOF

LRI1K

LRI1K

DSFID

request

EOF

<-t1-> SOF

Lock DSFID

response

<------------ tW ------------><- t1 -> SOF

EOF

Lock sequence when

error

Lock DSFID

response

EOF

Doc ID 17170 Rev 3 61/86

Commands codes LRI1K

20.13 Get System Info

When receiving the Get System Info command, the LRI1K sends back its information data in
the response.The Option_flag is supported and must be reset to 0. The Get System Info can
be issued in both Addressed and Non Addressed modes.

Table 56. Get System Info request format

Request SOF

Request_

flags

Get System

Info

UID CRC16 Request EOF

8 bits 2Bh 64 bits 16 bits

Request parameter:

● UID (Optional)

Table 57. Get System Info response format when Error_flag is NOT set

Response

SOF

Response_

flags

Information

flags

UID DSFID AFI

Memory

size

00h 0Fh 64 bits 8 bits 8 bits 031Fh 010000xx

IC

reference

CRC16

16 bits

b

Response

EOF

Response parameters:

● Information Flags set to 0Fh. DSFID, AFI, Memory Size and IC reference fields are

present.

● UID code on 64 bits

● DSFID value

● AFI value

● memory size. The LRI1K provides 32 blocks (1Fh) of 4 bytes (03h).

● IC Reference. Only the 6 MSBs are significant. The product code of the LRI1K is

01 0000

Table 58. Get System Info response format when Error_flag is set

=16

b

d

Response SOF Response_flags Error code CRC16 Response EOF

01h 8 bits 16 bits

Response parameter:

● Error code as Error_flag is set:

– 03h: Option not supported

– 0Fh: other error

Figure 51. Get System Info frame exchange between VCD and LRI1K

VCD SOF

Get System
Info request

EOF

LRI1K

62/86 Doc ID 17170 Rev 3

<-t1-> SOF

Get System Info

response

EOF

LRI1K Commands codes

20.14 Get Multiple Block Security Status

When receiving the Get Multiple Block Security Status command, the LRI1K sends back the
block security statuses. The blocks are numbered from '00h’ to '1Fh' in the request. The
“Number of blocks” value corresponds to the number of blocks whose security statuses are
requested after the first block.
For example, if the “number of blocks” field contains the value 06h, the security statuses of 7
blocks will be output.

The address of the last block whose security status is requested must not exceed 1Fh. In
other words, “First block number” + “Number of blocks” must not exceed 1Fh. In request,
option flag must be set to 0.

Table 59. Get Multiple Block Security Status request format

Request

SOF

Get Multiple

Request_

flags

8 bits 2Ch

Block

Security

Status

UID

64 bits 8 bits 8 bits 16 bits

First

block

number

Number

of

blocks

CRC16

Request

EOF

Request parameters:

● UID (Optional)

● First block number

● Number of blocks

Table 60. Get Multiple Block Security Status response format when Error_flag is

NOT set

Response SOF Response_flags

8 bits 8 bits

1. Repeated as needed.

Block Locking

Status

(1)

CRC16 Response EOF

16 bits

Response parameters:

● Block Locking Status (see Table 61: Block Locking status)

● N block of data

Table 61. Block Locking status

b

Table 62. Get Multiple Block Security Status response format when Error_flag is

b

7

b

6

b

5

All 0

b

4

b

3

b

2

1

b

0

0: Current block not locked
1: Current block locked

set

Response SOF Response_flags Error code CRC16 Response EOF

8 bits 8 bits 16 bits

Doc ID 17170 Rev 3 63/86

Commands codes LRI1K

Response parameter:

● Error code as Error_flag is set:

– 03h: Option not supported

– 0Fh: other error

Figure 52. Get Multiple Block Security Status frame exchange between VCD and

LRI1K

Get Multiple

VCD SOF

LRI1K

Block Security

Status

EOF

<-t1-> SOF

Get Multiple

Block Security

Status

EOF

64/86 Doc ID 17170 Rev 3

LRI1K Commands codes

20.15 Kill

On receiving the Kill command, in the Addressed mode only, the LRI1K compares the kill
code with the data contained in the request and reports whether the operation was
successful in the response. If the command is received in the Non Addressed or the
Selected mode, the LRI1K returns an error response.

During the comparison cycle equal to t
10%). Otherwise, the LRI1K may not match the kill code correctly. The t
t

+ 18 × 302µs. After a successful Kill command, the LRI1K is deactivated and does not

1nom

, there should be no modulation (neither 100% nor

W

time is equal to

W

interpret any other command.

Table 63. Kill request format

Request

SOF

Request_

flags

Kill

IC Mfg

code

UID

Kill

access

Kill code CRC16

Request

8 bits A6h 02h 64 bits 00h 32 bits 16 bits

Request parameters:

● UID

● Kill Code

Table 64. Kill response format when Error_flag is NOT set

Response SOF Response_flags CRC16 Response EOF

8 bits 16 bits

Response parameter:

● No parameter. The response is send back after the writing cycle

Table 65. Kill response format when Error_flag is set

EOF

Response SOF Response_flags Error code CRC16 Response EOF

8 bits 8 bits 16 bits

Response parameter:

● Error code as Error_flag is set:

– 0Fh: other error

– 14h: LRI1K not killed

Figure 53. Kill frame exchange between VCD and LRI1K

VCD SOF Kill request EOF

LRI1K <-t

-> SOF Kill response EOF

1

LRI1K <------------ t

Doc ID 17170 Rev 3 65/86

------------><- t1 -> SOF Kill response EOF

W

Kill sequence when

error

Commands codes LRI1K

20.16 Write Kill

On receiving the Write Kill command, the LRI1K writes the kill code with the data contained
in the request and reports whether the operation was successful in the response. The
Option_flag is supported. After a successful write, the kill code must be locked by a Lock Kill
command to activate the protection.

During the write cycle t
Otherwise, the LRI1K may not correctly program the data to the memory. The t
equal to t

Table 66. Write Kill request format

Request

SOF

+ 18 × 302 µs.

1nom

Request_

flags

, there should be no modulation (neither 100% nor 10%).

W

Write

Kill

IC Mfg

code

UID

Kill

access

Kill code CRC16

time is

W

8 bits B1h 02h 64 bits 00h 32 bits 16 bits

Request parameters:

● UID (Optional)

● Kill Address (00h = Kill, other = Error)

● Data

Table 67. Write Kill response format when Error_flag is NOT set

Response SOF Response_flags CRC16 Response EOF

8 bits 16 bits

No parameter. The response is send back after the write cycle.

Table 68. Write Kill response format when Error_flag is set

Request

EOF

Response SOF Response_flags Error code CRC16 Response EOF

8 bits 8 bits 16 bits

Response parameter:

● Error code as Error_flag is set:

– 10h: block address not available

– 12h: block is locked

– 13h: block not programmed

Figure 54. Write Kill frame exchange between VCD and LRI1K

VCD SOF

LRI1K <-t

LRI1K <------------ t

66/86 Doc ID 17170 Rev 3

Write Kill

request

EOF

-> SOF

1

W

Write Kill
response

EOF

------------><- t1 -> SOF

Write sequence when

error

Write Kill

response

EOF

LRI1K Commands codes

20.17 Lock Kill

On receiving the Lock Kill command, the LRI1K locks the Kill code permanently. The
Option_flag is supported. RFU bit 8 of the request flag must be set to ‘1’.

During the write cycle t
Otherwise, the LRI1K may not lock the memory block correctly. The t
t

+ 18 × 302 µs.

1nom

Table 69. Lock Kill request format

Request

SOF

Request_

flags

, there should be no modulation (neither 100% nor 10%).

W

Lock

Kill

IC Mfg

code

UID

Kill

access

time is equal to

W

Protect

Status

CRC16

Request

8 bits B2h 02h 64 bits 00f 8 bits 16 bits

Request parameters:

● UID (Optional)

● Kill Address (bit 8 = ‘1’: 00h = KILL, other = Error)

● Protect status (see table below)

b

7

b

6

00000001

Table 70. Lock Kill response format when Error_flag is NOT set

Response SOF Response_flags CRC16 Response EOF

b

5

b

4

b

3

8 bits 16 bits

b

2

b

1

EOF

b

0

Response parameter:

● No parameter.

Table 71. Lock Kill response format when Error_flag is set

Response SOF Response_flags Error code CRC16 Response EOF

8 bits 8 bits 16 bits

Response parameter:

● Error code as Error_flag is set:

– 10h: block address not available

– 11h: block is locked

– 14h: block not locked

Doc ID 17170 Rev 3 67/86

Commands codes LRI1K

Figure 55. Lock Kill frame exchange between VCD and LRI1K

VCD SOF

LRI1K

LRI1K

Lock Kill

request

EOF

<-t1-> SOF

Lock Kill

response

<------------ tW ------------><- t1 -> SOF

Lock sequence when

EOF

Lock Kill

response

error

EOF

68/86 Doc ID 17170 Rev 3

LRI1K Commands codes

20.18 Fast Read Single Block

On receiving the Fast Read Single Block command, the LRI1K reads the requested block
and sends back its 32-bit value in the response. The Option_flag is supported. The data rate
of the response is multiplied by 2.

Table 72. Fast Read Single Block request format

Request

SOF

Request_

flags

Fast Read

Single

Block

8 bits C0h 02h

IC Mfg

code

UID

64 bits 8 bits 16 bits

Block

number

CRC16

Request

Request parameters:

● Option_flag

● UID (Optional)

● Block number

Table 73. Fast Read Single Block response format when Error_flag is NOT set

Response

SOF

Response_

flags

Block locking

status

Data CRC16

Response

EOF

8 bits 8 bits 32 bits 16 bits

Response parameter:

● Block Locking Status if Option_flag is set

● 4 bytes of Block Data

Table 74. Block Locking status

EOF

b

7

Table 75. Fast Read Single Block response format when Error_flag is set

Response SOF

b

6

b

5

Response_

flags

b

All 0

4

b

3

b

2

b

1

b

0

0: Current Block not locked
1: Current Block locked

Error code CRC16 Response EOF

8 bits 8 bits 16 bits

Response parameter:

● Error code as Error_flag is set:

– 0Fh: other error

– 10h: block address not available

Doc ID 17170 Rev 3 69/86

Commands codes LRI1K

Figure 56. Fast Read Single Block frame exchange between VCD and LRI1K

VCD SOF

LRI1K

Fast Read Single

Block request

EOF

<-t1-> SOF

Fast Read Single

Block response

EOF

70/86 Doc ID 17170 Rev 3

LRI1K Commands codes

20.19 Fast Inventory Initiated

Before receiving the Fast Inventory Initiated command, the LRI1K must have received an
Initiate or a Fast Initiate command in order to set the Initiate_ flag. If not, the LRI1K does not
answer to the Fast Inventory Initiated command.

On receiving the Fast Inventory Initiated request, the LRI1K runs the anticollision sequence.
The Inventory_flag must be set to 1. The Meaning of Flags 5 to 8 is shown in Ta bl e 1 3 :

Request flags 5 to 8 when bit 3 = 1. The data rate of the response is multiplied by 2.

The request contains:

● the flags,

● the Inventory command code

● the AFI option is not supported, AFI flag must be set to 0

● the mask length

● the mask value

● the CRC

The LRI1K does not generate any answer if an error occurs.

Table 76. Fast Inventory Initiated request format

Request

SOF

Request

Flags

Fast

Inventory

Initiated

IC Mfg

Code

Optiona

l AFI

Mask

length

Mask value CRC16

Request

EOF

8 bits C1h 02h 8 bits 8 bits 0 - 64 bits 16 bits

The response contains:

● The flags

● the Unique ID

Table 77. Fast Inventory Initiated response format

Response SOF Response Flags DSFID UID CRC16 Response EOF

8 bits 00h 64 bits 16 bits

During an Inventory process, if the VCD does not receive an RF LRI1K response, it waits a
time t

before sending an EOF to switch to the next slot. t3 starts from the rising edge of the

3

request EOF sent by the VCD.

● If the VCD sends a 100% modulated EOF, the minimum value of t

t

min = 4384/fC (323.3 µs) + t

3

●

If the VCD sends a 10% modulated EOF, the minimum value of t3 is:
t

min = 4384/fC (323.3 µs) + t

3

SOF

NRT

is:

3

where:

● t

● t

t

NRT

is the time required by the LRI1K to transmit an SOF to the VCD

SOF

is the nominal response time of the LRI1K

NRT

and t

are dependent on the LRI1K-to-VCD data rate and subcarrier modulation

SOF

mode.

Doc ID 17170 Rev 3 71/86

Commands codes LRI1K

20.20 Fast Initiate

On receiving the Fast Initiate command, the LRI1K sets the internal Initiate_flag and sends
back a response. The command has to be issued in the Non Addressed mode only
(Select_flag is reset to 0 and Address_flag is reset to 0). If an error occurs, the LRI1K does
not generate any answer. The Initiate_flag is reset after a power off of the LRI1K. The data
rate of the response is multiplied by 2.

The request contains:

● No data

Table 78. Fast Initiate request format

Request SOF Request Flags Fast Initiate IC Mfg code CRC16 Request EOF

8 bits C2h 02h 16 bits

The response contains:

● the flags

● the Unique ID

Table 79. Fast Initiate response format

Response

SOF

Response_

flags

DSFID UID CRC16

8 bits 00h 64 bits 16 bits

Figure 57. Fast Initiate frame exchange between VCD and LRI1K

VCD SOF

LRI1K

Fast Initiate

request

EOF

<-t1-> SOF

Fast Initiate

response

EOF

Response

EOF

72/86 Doc ID 17170 Rev 3

LRI1K Commands codes

20.21 Fast Read Multiple Block

When receiving the Fast Read Multiple Block command, the LRI1K reads the selected
blocks and sends back their value in multiples of 32 bits in the response. The blocks are
numbered from '00h’ to '1Fh' in the request.

The “Number of blocks” value corresponds to the number of blocks to be read after the first
block. For example, if the “number of blocks” field contains the value 06h, 7 blocks will be
read. The maximum number of blocks that can be read is 32.

During Sequential Block Read, when the block address reaches 32, it rolls over to 0. The
Option_flag is supported. The data rate of the response is multiplied by 2.

Table 80. Fast Read Multiple Block request format

Request

SOF

Fast

Request_

flags

Read

Multiple

Block

8 bits C3h 02h

IC Mfg

code

UID

64 bits 8 bits 8 bits 16 bits

First

block

number

Number

of

blocks

CRC16

Request

EOF

Request parameters:

● Option_flag

● UID (Optional)

● First block number

● Number of blocks

Table 81. Fast Read Multiple Block response format when Error_flag is NOT set

Response

SOF

1. Repeated as needed.

Response_

Block Locking

flags

8 bits 8 bits

Status

(1)

Data CRC16

(1)

32 bits

16 bits

Response

EOF

Response parameters:

● Block Locking Status if Option_flag is set

● N block of data

Table 82. Block Locking status if Option_flag is set

b

Table 83. Fast Read Multiple Block response format when Error_flag is set

b

7

b

6

b

5

All 0

b

4

b

3

b

2

1

b

0

0: Current block not locked
1: Current block locked

Response SOF Response_flags Error code CRC16 Response EOF

8 bits 8 bits 16 bits

Doc ID 17170 Rev 3 73/86

Commands codes LRI1K

Response parameter:

● Error code as Error_flag is set:

– 0Fh: other error

– 10h: block address not available

Figure 58. Fast Read Multiple Block frame exchange between VCD and LRI1K

Fast Read

VCD SOF

LRI1K

Multiple

Block

request

EOF

<-t1-> SOF

Fast Read

Multiple Block

response

EOF

74/86 Doc ID 17170 Rev 3

LRI1K Commands codes

20.22 Inventory Initiated

Before receiving the Inventory Initiated command, the LRI1K must have received an Initiate
or a Fast Initiate command in order to set the Initiate_ flag. If not, the LRI1K does not answer
to the Inventory Initiated command.

On receiving the Inventory Initiated request, the LRI1K runs the anticollision sequence. The
Inventory_flag must be set to 1. The Meaning of Flags 5 to 8 is given in Table 13: Request

flags 5 to 8 when bit 3 = 1.

The request contains:

● the flags,

● the Inventory command code

● he AFI option is not supported, AFI flag must be set to 0

● the mask length

● the mask value

● the CRC

The LRI1K does not generate any answer if an error occurs.

Table 84. Inventory Initiated request format

Request

SOF

Request

Flags

Inventory

Initiated

IC Mfg

code

Optiona

l AFI

Mask

length

Mask value CRC16

Request

EOF

8 bits D1h 02h 8 bits 8 bits 0 - 64 bits 16 bits

The response contains:

● the flags

● the Unique ID

Table 85. Inventory Initiated response format

Response

SOF

Response

Flags

DSFID UID CRC16

Response

EOF

8 bits 00h 64 bits 16 bits

During an Inventory process, if the VCD does not receive an RF LRI1K response, it waits a
time t

before sending an EOF to switch to the next slot. t3 starts from the rising edge of the

3

request EOF sent by the VCD.

● If the VCD sends a 100% modulated EOF, the minimum value of t

t

min = 4384/fC (323.3 µs) + t

3

●

If the VCD sends a 10% modulated EOF, the minimum value of t3 is:
t

min = 4384/fC (323.3 µs) + t

3

SOF

NRT

is:

3

where:

● t

● t

t

NRT

is the time required by the LRI1K to transmit an SOF to the VCD

SOF

is the nominal response time of the LRI1K

NRT

and t

are dependent on the LRI1K-to-VCD data rate and subcarrier modulation

SOF

mode.

Doc ID 17170 Rev 3 75/86

Commands codes LRI1K

20.23 Initiate

On receiving the Initiate command, the LRI1K sets the internal Initiate_flag and sends back
a response. The command has to be issued in the Non Addressed mode only (Select_flag is
reset to 0 and Address_flag is reset to 0). If an error occurs, the LRI1K does not generate
any answer. The Initiate_flag is reset after a power off of the LRI1K.

The request contains:

● No data

Table 86. Initiate request format

Request SOF Request Flags Initiate IC Mfg code CRC16 Request EOF

8 bits D2h 02h 16 bits

The response contain:

● the flags

● the Unique ID

Table 87. Initiate Initiated response format

Response

SOF

Response

Flags

DSFID UID CRC16

8 bits 00h 64 bits 16 bits

Figure 59. Initiate frame exchange between VCD and LRI1K

VCD SOF

LRI1K

Initiate

request

EOF

<-t1-> SOF

Initiate

response

Response

EOF

EOF

76/86 Doc ID 17170 Rev 3

LRI1K Maximum rating

21 Maximum rating

Stressing the device above the rating listed in the absolute maximum ratings table may
cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only and operation of the
device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operating sections of
this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for
extended periods may affect device reliability. Refer also to the STMicroelectronics SURE
Program and other relevant quality documents.

Table 88. Absolute maximum ratings

Symbol Parameter Min. Max. Unit

T

STG

t

STG

I

CC

V

MAX

V

ESD

1. AEC-Q100-002 (compliant with JEDEC Std JESD22-A114A, C1=100pF, R1=1500 Ohms, R2=500 Ohms).

2. Human body model.

3. Machine model.

Storage temperature

Storage time

Supply current on AC0 / AC1 –20 20 mA

Input voltage on AC0 / AC1 –7 7 V

Electrostatic discharge

(1)

voltage

Wafer
(kept in its antistatic bag)

Wafer
(kept in its antistatic bag)

(3)

(2)

)

)

UFDFPN8 (HBM

UFDFPN8 (MM

15 25 °C

23 months

–1000 1000 V

–100 100 V

Doc ID 17170 Rev 3 77/86

DC and AC parameters LRI1K

22 DC and AC parameters

This section summarizes the operating and measurement conditions, and the DC and AC
characteristics of the device. The parameters in the DC and AC Characteristic tables that
follow are derived from tests performed under the Measurement Conditions summarized in
the relevant tables. Designers should check that the operating conditions in their circuit
match the measurement conditions when relying on the quoted parameters.

Table 89. AC characteristics

Symbol Parameter Condition Min Typ Max Unit

(1) (2)

f

CC

MI

CARRIER

t

RFR,tRFF

t

RFSBL

MI

CARRIER

t

RFR,tRFF

t

RFSBL

t

JIT

t

MIN CD

f

SH

f

SL

t

1

t

2

t

W

= –20 to 85°C.

1. T

A

2. All timing measurements were performed on a reference antenna with the following characteristics:

External size: 75 mm × 48 mm
Number of turns: 6
Width of conductor: 1 mm
Space between 2 conductors: 0.4 mm
Value of the tuning capacitor: 21 pF (LRI1K-SBN18)
Value of the coil: 4.3 µH
Tuning frequency: 13.8 MHz.

External RF signal frequency 13.553 13.56 13.567 MHz

10% carrier modulation index MI=(A-B)/(A+B) 10 30 %

10% rise and fall time 0.5 3.0 µs

10% minimum pulse width for bit 7.1 9.44 µs

100% carrier modulation index MI=(A-B)/(A+B) 95 100 %

100% rise and fall time 0.5 3.5 µs

100% minimum pulse width for bit 7.1 9.44 µs

Bit pulse jitter –2 +2 µs

Minimum time from carrier
generation to first data

From H-field min 0.1 1 ms

Subcarrier frequency high FCC/32 423.75 kHz

Subcarrier frequency low FCC/28 484.28 kHz

Time for LRI1K response 4224/F

Time between command 4224/F

Programming time (including
internal verify time)

S

S

318.6 320.9 323.3 µs

309 311.5 314 µs

5.8 ms

78/86 Doc ID 17170 Rev 3

LRI1K DC and AC parameters

AI06680

AB

t

RFF

t

RFR

t

RFSBL

t

MAX t

MIN CD

f

CC

Table 90. DC characteristics

(1)

Symbol Parameter Test conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit

V

V

Regulated voltage 1.5 3.0 V

CC

Retromodulated induced

RET

voltage

ISO10373-7 10 mV

Read VCC= 3.0 V 50 µA

I

Supply current

CC

C

1. T

Table 91. Operating conditions

Internal tuning capacitor f = 13.56 MHz for W4/1 21 pF

TUN

= –20 to 85°C.

A

Write V

= 3.0 V 150 µA

CC

Symbol Parameter Min. Max. Unit

T

A

Ambient operating temperature –20 85 °C

Figure 60. LRI1K synchronous timing, transmit and receive

Figure 60 shows an ASK modulated signal, from the VCD to the LRI1K. The test condition

for the AC/DC parameters are:

● Close coupling condition with tester antenna (1mm)

● LRI1K performance measured at the tag antenna

Doc ID 17170 Rev 3 79/86

Part numbering LRI1K

23 Part numbering

Table 92. Ordering information scheme

Example: LRI1K - SBN18/ 1 GE

Device type

LRI1K

Package

SBN18 = 180 µm ± 15 µm bumped and sawn wafer on 8-inch frame

Tuning capacitance

1 = 21 pF

Customer code given by ST

GE = generic product

xx = customer code after personalization

For further information on any aspect of this device, please contact your nearest ST sales
office.

80/86 Doc ID 17170 Rev 3

LRI1K Anticollision algorithm (Informative)

Appendix A Anticollision algorithm (Informative)

The following pseudocode describes how anticollision could be implemented on the VCD,
using recursivity.

A.1 Algorithm for pulsed slots

function push (mask, address); pushes on private stack

function pop (mask, address); pops from private stack

function pulse_next_pause; generates a power pulse

function store(LRI1K_UID); stores LRI1K_UID

function poll_loop (sub_address_size as integer)

pop (mask, address)
mask = address & mask; generates new mask

; send the request
mode = anticollision
send_request (Request_cmd, mode, mask length, mask value)
for sub_address = 0 to (2^sub_address_size - 1)

pulse_next_pause
if no_collision_is_detected ; LRI1K is inventoried

then

store (LRI1K_UID)

else ; remember a collision was detected

push(mask,address)

endif

next sub_address

if stack_not_empty ; if some collisions have been detected and

then ; not yet processed, the function calls itself

poll_loop (sub_address_size); recursively to process the

last stored collision

endif

end poll_loop

main_cycle:

mask = null
address = null
push (mask, address)
poll_loop(sub_address_size)

end_main_cycle

Doc ID 17170 Rev 3 81/86

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Appendix B CRC (Informative)

B.1 CRC error detection method

The cyclic redundancy check (CRC) is calculated on all data contained in a message, from
the start of the Flags through to the end of Data. The CRC is used from VCD to LRI1K and
from LRI1K to VCD.

Table 93. CRC definition

CRC definition

CRC type Length Polynomial Direction Preset Residue

ISO/IEC 13239 16 bits X16 + X12 + X5 + 1 = 8408h Backward FFFFh F0B8h

To add extra protection against shifting errors, a further transformation on the calculated
CRC is made. The one’s complement of the calculated CRC is the value attached to the
message for transmission.

To check received messages the 2 CRC bytes are often also included in the re-calculation,
for ease of use. In this case, the expected value for the generated CRC is the residue
F0B8h.

B.2 CRC calculation example

This example in C language illustrates one method of calculating the CRC on a given set of
bytes comprising a message.

C-Example to calculate or check the CRC16 according to ISO/IEC 13239

#define POLYNOMIAL8408h// x^16 + x^12 + x^5 + 1
#define PRESET_VALUEFFFFh
#define CHECK_VALUEF0B8h

#define NUMBER_OF_BYTES4// Example: 4 data bytes
#define CALC_CRC1
#define CHECK_CRC0

void main()
{
unsigned int current_crc_value;
unsigned char array_of_databytes[NUMBER_OF_BYTES + 2] = {1, 2, 3,
4, 91h, 39h};
int number_of_databytes = NUMBER_OF_BYTES;
int calculate_or_check_crc;
int i, j;
calculate_or_check_crc = CALC_CRC;
// calculate_or_check_crc = CHECK_CRC;// This could be an other
example
if (calculate_or_check_crc == CALC_CRC)
{

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number_of_databytes = NUMBER_OF_BYTES;
}
else // check CRC
{
number_of_databytes = NUMBER_OF_BYTES + 2;
}

current_crc_value = PRESET_VALUE;

for (i = 0; i < number_of_databytes; i++)
{
current_crc_value = current_crc_value ^ ((unsigned
int)array_of_databytes[i]);

for (j = 0; j < 8; j++)
{
if (current_crc_value & 0001h)
{
current_crc_value = (current_crc_value >> 1) ^
POLYNOMIAL;
}
else
{
current_crc_value = (current_crc_value >> 1);
}
}
}

if (calculate_or_check_crc == CALC_CRC)
{
current_crc_value = ~current_crc_value;

printf ("Generated CRC is 0x%04X\n", current_crc_value);

// current_crc_value is now ready to be appended to the data
stream
// (first LSByte, then MSByte)
}
else // check CRC
{
if (current_crc_value == CHECK_VALUE)
{
printf ("Checked CRC is ok (0x%04X)\n",
current_crc_value);
}
else
{
printf ("Checked CRC is NOT ok (0x%04X)\n",
current_crc_value);
}
}
}

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B.3 Application family identifier (AFI) (informative)

The AFI (application family identifier) represents the type of application targeted by the VCD
and is used to extract from all the LRI1K present only the LRI1K meeting the required
application criteria.

It is programmed by the LRI1K issuer (the purchaser of the LRI1K). Once locked, it cannot
be modified.

The most significant nibble of the AFI is used to code one specific or all application families,
as defined in Ta b le 9 4 .

The least significant nibble of the AFI is used to code one specific or all application
subfamilies. Subfamily codes different from 0 are proprietary.

Table 94. AFI coding

(1)

AFI

most

significant

nibble

‘0’ ‘0’ All families and subfamilies No applicative preselection

‘X’ '0 'All subfamilies of family X Wide applicative preselection

'X '‘Y’ Only the Y

‘0’ ‘Y’ Proprietary subfamily Y only

‘1 '‘0’, ‘Y’ Transport Mass transit, Bus, Airline etc.

'2 '‘0’, ‘Y’ Financial IEP, Banking, Retail etc.

'3 '‘0’, ‘Y’ Identification Access Control etc.

'4 '‘0’, ‘Y’ Telecommunication Public Telephony, GSM etc.

‘5’ ‘0’, ‘Y’ Medical

'6 '‘0’, ‘Y’ Multimedia Internet services etc.

'7 '‘0’, ‘Y’ Gaming

8 '‘0’, ‘Y’ Data storage Portable Files etc.

'9 '‘0’, ‘Y’ Item management

'A '‘0’, ‘Y’ Express parcels

AFI

least

significant

nibble

Meaning

VICCs respond from

th

subfamily of family X

Examples / Note

'B '‘0’, ‘Y’ Postal services

'C '‘0’, ‘Y’ Airline bags

'D '‘0’, ‘Y’ RFU

'E '‘0’, ‘Y’ RFU

‘F’ ‘0’, ‘Y’ RFU

1. X = '1' to 'F', Y = '1' to 'F.

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Revision history

Table 95. Document revision history

Date Revision Changes

08-Mar-2010 1 Initial release.

Removed Option-flag indication in Section 20.5: Lock Block,

Section 20.9: Write AFI, Section 20.10: Lock AFI, Section 20.11: Write
DSFID, Section 20.12: Lock DSFID, Section 20.15: Kill.

Added Option-flag indication in Section 20.14: Get Multiple Block

04-Oct-2010 2

08-Nov-2010 3 Updated document status from preliminary status to active.

Security Status.

Updated error code in Section 20.15; Table 65: Kill response format

when Error_flag is set.

Updated AFI option in Section 20.19: Fast Inventory Initiated and

Section 20.22: Inventory Initiated.

Updated footnote in Table 88: Absolute maximum ratings.

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