ST L9949 User Manual

L9949

DOOR ACTUATOR DRIVER

■ONE FULL BRIDGE FOR 6A LOAD (ron = 150mΩ)

■THREE HALF BRIDGES FOR 1.6A LOAD (ron = 800mΩ)

■ONE HIGHSIDE DRIVER FOR 6A LOAD (ron = 100mΩ)

■VERY LOW CURRENT CONSUMPTION IN STANDBY MODE (IS < 6µA, typ. Tj ≤ 85°C)

■SERIAL PERIPHERAL INTERFACE (SPI) TO MICROCONTROLLER

■ALL OUTPUTS SHORT CIRCUIT PROTECTED

■CURRENT MONITOR OUTPUT FOR FULL BRIDGE AND HIGHSIDE DRIVER

■ALL OUTPUTS OVER TEMPERATURE PROTECTED

■OPEN LOAD DIAGNOSTIC FOR ALL OUTPUTS

■OVERLOAD DIAGNOSTIC FOR ALL OUTPUTS

APPLICATIONS

■ FOR AUTOMOTIVE APPLICATIONS, E.G.

BLOCK DIAGRAM

MULTIPOWER BCD60III TECHNOLOGY

PowerSO20

ORDERING NUMBER: L9949

FULL BRIDGE FOR DOOR LATCH OR MIRROR RETRACT, HALF BRIDGES FOR MIRROR AXIS CONTROL AND HIGH-SIDE DRIVER FOR MIRROR DEFROSTER

DESCRIPTION

The L9949 is a microprocessor controlled power interface for automotive applications. It is realized in multipower BCD60III technology. Up to three DC mo-

		VCC	VS (battery)
	CM	MUX	OUT1	M
			Full bridge
			OUT2
	DI	Diagnostic
C	SPI		Half bridge	M
	DO		OUT3
	CLK	&	OUT4	M
		InterfaceDriver
	CSN		Half bridge
			OUT5
			OUT6
			Highside driver
			Ground

e.g. for mirror retract or door latch

e.g. for mirror axis control

e.g. for mirror defroster

September 2002

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L9949

DESCRIPTION (continued)

tors and one grounded resistive load can be driven with its three half bridges, one full bridge and one highside driver power outputs. The integrated standard serial peripheral interface (SPI) controls all operation modes (forward, reverse, brake and high impedance). All diagnostic informations are available via the SPI.

Dual Power Supply: VS and VCC

The power supply voltage VS supplies the full bridge, the half bridges and the highside driver. An internal charge-pump are used to drive the highside switches. The logic supply voltage VCC (stabilized 5V) is used for the logic part and the SPI of the device. Due to the independent logic supply voltage the control and status information will not be lost, if there are temporary spikes or glitches on the power supply voltage. In case of poweron (VCC increases from undervoltage to VVCC OFF = 4.2V) the circuit is initialized by an internally generated power-on-reset (POR). If the voltage VCC decreases under the minimum threshold (VVCC ON = 3.4V), the outputs are switched to tristate (high impedance) and the status registers are cleared.

Standby-Mode

The standby mode of the L9949 is activated by setting the bits 12 and 13 of the Input Data Register to zero. All latched data will be cleared and the inputs and outputs are switched to high impedance. In the standby mode the current at VS (VCC) is less than typ. 6µA (40µA) for CSN = high (DO in tristate). By switching the VCC voltage a very low quiescent current can be achieved. If one of the bits 12 and 13 are set to high, the device will be switched to active mode.

Inductive Loads

Each half bridge is built by internally connected highside and a lowside power DMOS transistor. Due to the builtin reverse diodes of the output transistors inductive loads can be driven at the outputs OUT1 to OUT5 without external free-wheeling diodes. The highside driver OUT6 is intended to drive resistive loads only hence only a limited energie (E<1mJ ) can be dissipated by the internal ESD-diode in freewheeling condition. For inductive loads (L>100μH) an external free-wheeling diode connected to GND and OUT6 is needed.

Diagnostic Functions

All diagnostic functions (over/open load, power supply over-/undervoltage, temperature warning and thermal shutdown) are internally filtered and the condition has to be valid for at least 10µs (0.5ms, respectively) before the corresponding status bit in the status registers will be set. The filters are used to improve the noise immunity of the device. The open load and temperature warning function are intended for information purpose and will not change the state of the output drivers. In contrast, the overload and thermal shutdown condition will disable the corresponding driver (overload) or all drivers (thermal shutdown), respectively. The microcontroller has to clear the status bits to reactivate the corresponding drivers. This is to avoid an uncontrolled switching behaviour of the device which may result in a heavy noise on the GND and VS lines in case of an fault condition (e.g. short to GND or VS).

Overvoltage and Undervoltage Detection

If the power supply voltage VS rises above the overvoltage threshold VSOV OFF (max. 22V), the outputs OUT1 to OUT6 are switched to high impedance state to protect the load. If the supply voltage recovers to normal operating voltage, the device will return to the programmed state (lockout bit 14 = 0). When the voltage VS drops below the undervoltage threshold VSUV OFF (min. 6V), the output stages are switched to high impedance to avoid the operation of the power devices without sufficient gate driving voltage (increased power dissipation). If the supply voltage VS and the internal charge-pump recovers to normal operating voltage the system returns to the programmed state (lockout bit 14 = 0). If the lockout bit 14 is set, the automatic turn-on of the drivers is deactivated. The microcontroller needs to clear the status bits to reactivate the drivers.

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L9949

Temperature Warning and Thermal Shutdown

When the junction temperature rises above Tj TW a temperature warning flag is set and is available via the SPI. If the junction temperature increases above the second threshold Tj SD, the thermal shutdown bit will be set and the power DMOS transistors of the output stages are switched off to protect the device. In order to reactivate the output stages the junction temperature must decrease below Tj SD - Tj SD HYS and the thermal shutdown bit has to be cleared by the microcontroller.

Open Load Detection

The open load detection monitors the voltage drop of current sense resistors in each highside and lowside driver

of the output stage. The output signal of an open load comparator has to be valid for at least 0.5 ms (tdOL) to set the open load bit (bit 1-11) in the status register 1.

Over Load Detection

In the case of an overcurrent condition an overcurrent flag (bit 1-11) is set in the status register 0 in the same way as open load detection. If the overcurrent signal is valid for at least tISC = 10µs, the overcurrent flag is set and the corresponding driver is switched off to reduce the power dissipation and to protect the integrated circuit. The microcontroller has to clear the status bits to reactivate the corresponding driver.

Current monitor

The current monitor output sources a current image at the current monitor output which has a fixed ratio (1/ 10000) of the instantaneous current of the selected highside driver. The bits 12 and 13 of the Input Data register controls which of the outputs OUT1, OUT2 and OUT6 will be multiplexed to the current monitor output. The current monitor output allows a more precise analyse of the actual state of the load rather than the detection of an openor overload condition. For example this can be used to detect the motor state (free-running, loaded or blocked) or the temperature of the heating element.

Figure 1. Pin Connection (Top view)

GND		1		20		GND
OUT3		2	19			OUT6
OUT4		3	18			VS
OUT5		4	17			DO
VS		5	16			CM
CLK		6	15			VCC
DI		7	14			CSN
VS		8	13			VS
OUT1		9	12			OUT2
GND		10				GND
				11

D99AT455Amod

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L9949

PIN FUNCTION

N°	Pin	Description
1, 10,	GND	Ground:
11, 20		Reference potential
		Important: For the capability of driving the full current at the outputs all pins of GND must be
		externally connected !
5, 8, 13,	VS	Power supply voltage (battery):
18		For this input a ceramic capacitor as close as possible to GND is recommended.
		Important: For the capability of driving the full current at the outputs all pins of VS must be
		externally connected !
15	VCC	Logic supply voltage:
		For this input a ceramic capacitors as close as possible to GND are recommended.
14	CSN	Chip Select Not input:
		This input is low active and requires CMOS logic levels. The serial data transfer between L9949
		and micro controller is enabled by pulling the input CSN to low level. If an input voltage of more
		than 9.6V above VCC is applied to CSN pin the L9949 will be switched into a test mode.
6	CLK	Serial clock input:
		This input controls the internal shift register of the SPI and requires CMOS logic levels.
7	Data In	Serial data input:
		The input requires CMOS logic levels and receives serial data from the microcontroller. The data
		is an 16bit control word and the least significant bit (LSB, bit 0) is transferred first.
17	Data Out	Serial data output:
		The diagnosis data is available via the SPI and this tristate-output. The output will remain in
		tristate, if the chip is not selected by the input CSN (CSN = high)
16	CM	Current monitor output:
		Depending on the multiplexer bits 12 and 13 of the Input Data register this output sources an
		image of the instant current through the corresponding highside driver with a ratio of 1/10000
9	OUT1	Halfbridge-output 1:
		The output is built by a highside and a lowside switch, which are internally connected. The
		output stage of both switches is a power DMOS transistor. Each driver has an internal parasitic
		reverse diode (bulk-drain-diode, highside driver from OUT1 to VS, lowside driver from GND to
		OUT1). This output is overcurrent and open load protected.
12	OUT2	Halfbridge-output 2: → see OUT1 (pin 9)
2	OUT3	Halfbridge-output 3:
		The output is built by a highside and a lowside switch, which are internally connected. The
		output stage of both switches is a power DMOS transistor. Each driver has an internal parasitic
		reverse diode (bulk-drain-diode, highside driver from OUT3 to VS, lowside driver from GND to
		OUT3). This output is overcurrent and open load protected.
3	OUT4	Halfbridge-output 4: → see OUT3 (pin 2)
4	OUT5	Halfbridge-output 5: → see OUT3 (pin 2)
19	OUT6	Highside-driver-output 6:
		The output is built by a highside switch and can be used only for a resistive load, because the
		internal reverse diode from GND to OUT6 is missing. This highside switch is a power DMOS
		transistor with an internal parasitic reverse diode from OUT6 to VS (bulk-drain-diode). The output
		is overcurrent and open load protected.

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				L9949
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Symbol		Parameter	Value	Unit
VS		DC supply voltage	-0.3...28	V
		single pulse tmax < 400 ms	40	V
VCC		stabilized supply voltage, logic supply	-0.3 to 6	V
VDI VDO		digital input / output voltage	-0.3 to VCC + 0.3	V
VCLK ,
VCSN
VCM		current monitor output	-0.3 to VCC + 0.3	V
IOUT1,OUT2,		output current	±10	A
OUT6
IOUT3,OUT5		output current	±5	A

Note: All maximum ratings are absolute ratings. Leaving the limitation of anyone of these values may cause an irreversible damage of the integrated circuit!

ESD PROTECTION

Parameter	Value
All pins	±2(1)	kV
output pins: OUT1 – OUT6	±4(2)	kV

(1)HBM according to MIL 883C, Methode 3015.7 or EIA/JESD22-A114-A

(2)HBM with all unzapped pins grounded

THERMAL DATA

Symbol		Parameter					Value			Unit
Operating junction temperature:
Tj		Operating Junction Temperature				-40 to 150				°C
Temperature warning and thermal shutdown:
Symbol		Parameter			Min.		Typ.	Max.		Unit
TjTW ON	Temperature Warning Threshold		Tj increasing					150		°C
	Junction Temperature
TjTW OFF	Temperature Warning Threshold		Tj decreasing		120					°C
	Junction Temperature
TjTW HYS	Temperature Warning Hysteresis						10			K
TjSD ON	Thermal Shutdown Threshold		Tj increasing					180		°C
	Junction Temperature
TjSD OFF	Thermal Shutdown Threshold		Tj decreasing		150					°C
	Junction Temperature
TjSD HYS	Thermal Shutdown Hysteresis						10			K

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L9949

Figure 2. Thermal Data of Package

10

1

0.1

Zth (˚C/W)		PowerSO20 Z th(j-a)
		1x1 sq. mm
diss. area dimensions			2x2 sq. mm
			3x3 sq. mm
			silicon
			diss. area
			die size 6x6 sq. mm
			mounted on standard board
	4x4 sq. mm		Tamb = 20˚C
			still air
		5x5 sq. mm dissipated power 1 W - single pulse
			diss. area located in a corner

0.001	0.01	0.1	1	10	100	1000
			Time (s)

ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTCS

VS = 8 to 16 V, VCC = 4.5 to 5.5 V, Tj = -40 to 150 °C, unless otherwise specified. The voltages are refered to GND and currents are assumed positive, when the current flows into the pin.

Symbol	Parameter	Test Condition	Min.	Typ.	Max.	Unit
Supply
VS	Operating Supply Voltage		7		28	V
	Range
IS	DC Supply Current	active mode,		7	20	mA
		VS = 16 V, VCC = 5.3 V,
		OUT1 - OUT6 floating
	Quiescent Supply Current	standby mode,		6	12	μA
		VS = 16 V, VCC = 0 V,
		Tj < 85 °C (1)
		OUT1 - OUT6 floating
ICC	DC Supply Current	active mode, CSN = VCC,		1	2	mA
		VS = 16 V; VCC = 5.3 V
	Quiescent Supply Current	standby mode, CSN = VCC,		40	75	µA
		VS = 16V, VCC = 5.3V,
		Tj < 85 °C (1)
		OUT1 - OUT6 floating
IS + ICC	Sum Supply Quiescent Current	standby mode, CSN = VCC,		50	90	µA
		VS = 16 V, VCC = 5.3 V, Tj < 85 °C
		OUT1 - OUT6 floating
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