The L78MxxC series of three-terminal positive
regulators is available in TO-220, TO-220FP,
DPAK and IPAK packages and with several fixed
output voltages, making it useful in a wide range
of applications. These regulators can provide
local on-card regulation, eliminating the
distribution problems associated with single point
regulation. Each type employs internal current
limiting, thermal shutdown and safe area
protection, making it essentially indestructible. If
adequate heat sinking is provided, they can
deliver over 0.5 A output current. Although
designed primarily as fixed voltage regulators,
these devices can be used with external
components to obtain adjustable voltage and
currents.
L78MxxC
Positive voltage regulators
Datasheet − production data
TO-220
DPAK
TO-220FP
IPAK
Table 1.Device summary
Order codes
Part numbers
TO-220TO-220
L78M05CL78M05CV L78M05CV-DGL78M05CPL78M05CDT-TRL78M05CDT-15 V
Note:Absolute maximum ratings are those values beyond which damage to the device may occur.
Functional operation under these condition is not implied.
Table 3.Thermal data
SymbolParameterTO-220TO-220FPDPAKIPAKUnit
R
R
Figure 4.Application circuit
Thermal resistance junction-case558°C/W
thJC
Thermal resistance junction-ambient5060100°C/W
thJA
Doc ID 2146 Rev 185/30
Test circuitsL78MxxC
4 Test circuits
Figure 5.DC parameter
Figure 6.Load regulation
Figure 7.Ripple rejection
6/30Doc ID 2146 Rev 18
L78MxxCElectrical characteristics
5 Electrical characteristics
Refer to the test circuits, TJ = 25 °C, VI = 10 V, IO = 350 mA, CI = 0.33 µF, CO = 0.1 µF unless
otherwise specified.
Table 4.Electrical characteristics of L78M05C
SymbolParameterTest conditionsMin.Typ.Max.Unit
V
V
ΔV
ΔV
ΔI
Output voltage4.855.2V
O
Output voltageIO = 5 to 350 mA, VI = 7 to 20 V4.7555.25V
O
= 7 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA100
V
Line regulation
O
Load regulation
O
I
Quiescent current6mA
d
Quiescent current change
d
I
VI = 8 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA50
I
= 5 to 500 mA, TJ = 25 °C100
O
= 5 to 200 mA, TJ = 25 °C50
I
O
I
= 5 to 350 mA0.5
O
= 200 mA, VI = 8 to 25 V0.8
I
O
mV
mV
mA
ΔVO/ΔTOutput voltage driftIO = 5 mA, TJ = 0 to 125 °C-0.5mV/°C
SVRSupply voltage rejectionV
= 8 to 18 V, f = 120 Hz, IO = 300 mA62dB
I
eNOutput noise voltage B = 10 Hz to 100 kHz40µV
V
I
Dropout voltage2V
d
Short circuit currentVI = 35 V300mA
sc
Doc ID 2146 Rev 187/30
Electrical characteristicsL78MxxC
Refer to the test circuits, TJ = 25 °C, VI = 11 V, IO = 350 mA, CI = 0.33 µF, CO = 0.1 µF unless
otherwise specified.
Table 5.Electrical characteristics of L78M06C
SymbolParameterTest conditionsMin.Typ.Max.Unit
V
V
ΔV
ΔV
ΔI
ΔV
SVRSupply voltage rejectionV
Output voltage5.7566.25V
O
Output voltageIO = 5 to 350 mA, VI = 8 to 21 V5.766.3V
O
V
= 8 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA100
Line regulation
O
Load regulation
O
I
Quiescent current6mA
d
Quiescent current change
d
/ΔTOutput voltage driftIO = 5 mA, TJ = 0 to 125 °C-0.5mV/°C
O
I
= 9 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA50
V
I
= 5 to 500 mA, TJ = 25 °C120
I
O
IO = 5 to 200 mA, TJ = 25 °C60
= 5 to 350 mA0.5
I
O
IO = 200 mA, VI = 9 to 25 V0.8
= 9 to 19 V, f = 120 Hz, IO = 300 mA59dB
I
eNOutput noise voltage B = 10 Hz to 100 kHz45µV
V
I
Dropout voltage2V
d
Short circuit currentVI = 35 V270mA
sc
Refer to the test circuits, TJ = 25 °C, VI = 14 V, IO = 350 mA, CI = 0.33 µF, CO = 0.1 µF unless
otherwise specified.
Table 6.Electrical characteristics of L78M08C
mV
mV
mA
SymbolParameterTest conditionsMin.Typ.Max.Unit
V
V
ΔV
ΔV
ΔI
ΔV
SVRSupply voltage rejection
Output voltage7.788.3V
O
Output voltageIO = 5 to 350 mA, VI = 10.5 to 23 V7.688.4V
O
V
= 10.5 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA100
Line regulation
O
Load regulation
O
I
Quiescent current6mA
d
Quiescent current change
d
/ΔTOutput voltage driftIO = 5 mA, TJ = 0 to 125 °C-0.5mV/°C
O
I
= 11 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA50
V
I
I
= 5 to 500 mA, TJ = 25 °C160
O
= 5 to 200 mA, TJ = 25 °C80
I
O
I
= 5 to 350 mA0.5
O
= 200 mA, VI = 10.5 to 25 V0.8
I
O
VI = 11.5 to 21.5 V, f = 120 Hz,
= 300 mA
I
O
56dB
eNOutput noise voltageB = 10 Hz to 100 kHz52µV
V
I
Dropout voltage2V
d
Short circuit currentVI = 35 V250mA
sc
8/30Doc ID 2146 Rev 18
mV
mV
mA
L78MxxCElectrical characteristics
Refer to the test circuits, TJ = 25 °C, VI = 15 V, IO = 350 mA, CI = 0.33 µF, CO = 0.1 µF unless
otherwise specified.
Table 7.Electrical characteristics of L78M09C
SymbolParameterTest conditionsMin.Typ.Max.Unit
V
V
ΔV
ΔV
ΔI
ΔV
SVRSupply voltage rejection
Output voltage8.6599.35V
O
Output voltageIO = 5 to 350 mA, VI = 11.5 to 24 V8.5599.45V
O
V
= 11.5 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA100
Line regulation
O
Load regulation
O
I
Quiescent current6mA
d
Quiescent current change
d
/ΔTOutput voltage driftIO = 5 mA, TJ = 0 to 125 °C-0.5mV/°C
O
I
= 12 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA50
V
I
= 5 to 500 mA, TJ = 25 °C180
I
O
IO = 5 to 200 mA, TJ = 25 °C90
= 5 to 350 mA0.5
I
O
IO = 200 mA, VI = 11.5 to 25 V0.8
= 12.5 to 23 V, f = 120 Hz,
V
I
I
= 300 mA
O
56dB
eNOutput noise voltage B = 10 Hz to 100 kHz58µV
V
I
Dropout voltage2V
d
Short circuit currentVI = 35 V250mA
sc
Refer to the test circuits, TJ = 25 °C, VI = 19 V, IO = 350 mA, CI = 0.33 µF, CO = 0.1 µF unless
otherwise specified.
Table 8.Electrical characteristics of L78M12C
mV
mV
mA
SymbolParameterTest conditionsMin.Typ.Max.Unit
V
V
ΔV
ΔV
ΔI
Output voltage11.51212.5V
O
Output voltageIO = 5 to 350 mA, VI = 14.5 to 27 V11.41212.6V
O
V
= 14.5 to 30 V, IO = 200 mA100
Line regulation
O
Load regulation
O
I
Quiescent current6mA
d
Quiescent current change
d
I
= 16 to 30 V, IO = 200 mA50
V
I
I
= 5 to 500 mA, TJ = 25 °C240
O
= 5 to 200 mA, TJ = 25 °C120
I
O
I
= 5 to 350 mA0.5
O
= 200 mA, VI = 14.5 to 30 V0.8
I
O
mV
mV
mA
ΔVO/ΔTOutput voltage driftIO = 5 mA, TJ = 0 to 125 °C-1mV/°C
SVRSupply voltage rejectionV
= 15 to 25 V, f = 120 Hz, IO = 300 mA55dB
I
eNOutput noise voltage B = 10 Hz to 100 kHz75µV
V
I
Dropout voltage2V
d
Short circuit currentVI = 35 V240mA
sc
Doc ID 2146 Rev 189/30
Electrical characteristicsL78MxxC
Refer to the test circuits, TJ = 25 °C, VI = 23 V, IO = 350 mA, CI = 0.33 µF, CO = 0.1 µF unless
otherwise specified.
Table 9.Electrical characteristics of L78M15C
SymbolParameterTest conditionsMin.Typ.Max.Unit
V
V
ΔV
ΔV
ΔI
ΔV
SVRSupply voltage rejection
Output voltage14.41515.6V
O
Output voltageIO = 5 to 350 mA, VI = 17.5 to 30 V14.251515.75V
O
V
= 17.5 to 30 V, IO = 200 mA100
Line regulation
O
Load regulation
O
I
Quiescent current6mA
d
Quiescent current change
d
/ΔTOutput voltage driftIO = 5 mA, TJ = 0 to 125 °C-1mV/°C
O
I
= 20 to 30 V, IO = 200 mA50
V
I
= 5 to 500 mA, TJ = 25 °C300
I
O
IO = 5 to 200 mA, TJ = 25 °C150
= 5 to 350 mA0.5
I
O
IO = 200 mA, VI = 17.5 to 30 V0.8
= 18.5 to 28.5 V, f = 120 Hz,
V
I
I
= 300 mA
O
54dB
eNOutput noise voltage B = 10 Hz to 100 kHz90µV
V
I
Dropout voltage2V
d
Short circuit currentVI = 35 V240mA
sc
Refer to the test circuits, TJ = 25 °C, VI = 23 V, IO = 350 mA, CI = 0.33 µF, CO = 0.1 µF unless
otherwise specified.
Table 10.Electrical characteristics of L78M24C
mV
mV
mA
SymbolParameterTest conditionsMin.Typ.Max.Unit
V
V
ΔV
ΔV
ΔI
Output voltage232425V
O
Output voltageIO = 5 to 350 mA, VI = 27 to 38 V22.82425.2V
O
V
= 27 to 38 V, IO = 200 mA100
Line regulation
O
Load regulation
O
I
Quiescent current6mA
d
Quiescent current change
d
I
= 28 to 38 V, IO = 200 mA50
V
I
I
= 5 to 500 mA, TJ = 25 °C480
O
= 5 to 200 mA, TJ = 25 °C240
I
O
I
= 5 to 350 mA0.5
O
= 200 mA, VI = 27 to 38 V0.8
I
O
ΔVO/ΔTOutput voltage driftIO = 5 mA, TJ = 0 to 125 °C-1.2mV/°C
SVRSupply voltage rejectionV
= 28 to 38 V, f = 120 Hz, IO = 300 mA50dB
I
eNOutput noise voltageB = 10 Hz to 100 kHz170µV
V
I
Dropout voltage2V
d
Short circuit currentVI = 35 V240mA
sc
10/30Doc ID 2146 Rev 18
mV
mV
mA
L78MxxCTypical performance
6 Typical performance
Figure 8.Dropout voltage vs. junction temp. Figure 9.Dropout characteristics
Figure 10. Peak output current vs. input-
output differential voltage
Figure 12. Supply voltage rejection vs.
frequency
Figure 11. Output voltage vs. junction
temperature
Figure 13. Quiescent current vs. junction
temperature
Doc ID 2146 Rev 1811/30
Typical performanceL78MxxC
Figure 14. Load transient responseFigure 15. Line transient response
Figure 16. Quiescent current vs. input voltage
Figure 17. Fixed output regulator
1. To specify an output voltage, substitute voltage value for "XX".
2. Although no output capacitor is need for stability, it does improve transient response.
3. Required if regulator is locate an appreciable distance from power supply filter.
12/30Doc ID 2146 Rev 18
L78MxxCTypical performance
Figure 18. Constant current regulator
IO = VXX/R1+I
Figure 19. Circuit for increasing output voltage
IR1 ≥ 5 I
d
VO = VXX(1+R2/R1)+IdR
d
2
Figure 20. Adjustable output regulator (7 to 30 V)
Doc ID 2146 Rev 1813/30
Typical performanceL78MxxC
Figure 21. 0.5 to 10 V regulator
VO=VXXR4/R
Figure 22. High current voltage regulator
R1 = ______________
IO = I
I
REQ
REG
1
V
BEQ1
-(IQ1/bQ1)
+ Q1 (I
REG
V
BEQ1
______)
R
1
Figure 23. High output current with short circuit protection
RSC=V
BEQ2/ISC
14/30Doc ID 2146 Rev 18
L78MxxCTypical performance
Figure 24. Tracking voltage regulator
Figure 25. High input voltage circuit
VIN = VI - (VZ + VBE)
Figure 26. Reducing power dissipation with dropping resistor
V
I(min)-VXX-VDROP(max)
R = ____________________
I
O(max)+Id(max)
Doc ID 2146 Rev 1815/30
Typical performanceL78MxxC
Figure 27. Power AM modulator (unity voltage gain, IO ≤ 0.5)
Note:The circuit performs well up to 100 kHz.
Figure 28. Adjustable output voltage with temperature compensation
VO = VXX (1+R2/R1) + V
Note:Q
temperature. C allows a slow rise time of the V
is connected as a diode in order to compensate the variation of the Q1 VBE with the
2
BE
.
O
16/30Doc ID 2146 Rev 18
L78MxxCPackage mechanical data
7 Package mechanical data
In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in different grades of
®
ECOPACK
packages, depending on their level of environmental compliance. ECOPACK®
specifications, grade definitions and product status are available at: www.st.com. ECOPACK
is an ST trademark.
Table 11.TO-220 mechanical data
Type STD - ST Dual GaugeType STD - ST Single Gauge
Dim.
Min.Typ.Max.Min.Typ.Max.
A4.404.604.404.60
b0.610.880.610.88
b11.141.701.141.70
c0.480.700.480.70
D15.2515.7515.2515.75
mm.mm.
D11.27
E10.0010.4010.0010.40
e2.402.702.402.70
e14.955.154.955.15
F1.231.320.510.60
H16.206.606.206.60
J12.402.722.402.72
L13.0014.0013.0014.00
L13.503.933.503.93
L2016.4016.40
L3028.9028.90
∅P3.753.853.753.85
Q2.652.952.652.95
In spite of some difference in tolerances, the packages are compatible.
Note:The DPAK package coming from the two subcontractors (Fujitsu and IDS) are fully
compatible with the ST's package suggested footprint.
Doc ID 2146 Rev 1825/30
Package mechanical dataL78MxxC
Figure 36. DPAK footprint recommended data
Table 13.Footprint data
Val ues
Dim.mm.inch.
A6.700.264
B6.700.64
C1.80.070
D3.00.118
E1.600.063
F2.300.091
G2.300.091
26/30Doc ID 2146 Rev 18
L78MxxCPackage mechanical data
IPAK mechanical data
Dim.
mm.inch.
Min.Typ.Max.Min.Typ.Max.
A2.22.40.0860.094
A10.91.10.0350.043
B0.640.90.0250.035
B25.25.40.2040.212
B30.950.037
B50.30.012
B60.950.037
C0.450.60.0170.023
C20.480.60.0190.023
D66.20.2360.244
E6.46.60.2520.260
G4.44.60.1730.181
H15.916.30.6260.641
L99.40.3540.370
L10.81.20.0310.047
L20.810.0310.039
0068771-F
Doc ID 2146 Rev 1827/30
Package mechanical dataL78MxxC
Tape & reel DPAK-PPAK mechanical data
Dim.
mm.inch.
Min.Typ.Max.Min.Typ.Max.
A33012.992
C12.813.013.20.5040.5120.519
D20.20.795
N602.362
T22.40.882
Ao6.806.907.000.2680.2720.2.76
Bo10.4010.5010.600.4090.4130.417
Ko2.552.652.750.1000.1040.105
Po3.94.04.10.1530.1570.161
P7.98.08.10.3110.3150.319
28/30Doc ID 2146 Rev 18
L78MxxCRevision history
8 Revision history
Table 14.Document revision history
DateRevisionChanges
21-Jun-20046Document updating.
30-Aug-20067Order codes updated.
29-Nov-20068DPAK mechanical data updated and add footprint data.
06-Jun-20079Order codes updated.
10-Dec-200710Added
19-Feb-200811Modified:
15-Jul-200812Modified:
07-Apr-200913Modified:
14-Jun-201014
11-Nov-201015Modified: R
08-Feb-201216
09-Mar-201217Added: order codes L78M08CV-DG and L78M09CV-DG
15-May-201218Added: order codes L78M24CV-DG
Ta bl e 1
.
Table 1 on page 1
Table 1 on page 1
Figure 9 on page 11
Added:
Figure 31
Added: order codes L78M05CV-DG, L78M12CV-DG and L78M15CV-DG
Table 1 on page 1
Table 11 on page 17, Figure 29 on page 18, Figure 30 on page 19
and
Figure 32 on page 20
value for TO-220
thJC
.
.
and
Table 14 on page 29
and
Figure 15 on page 12
.
Table 3 on page 5
Table 1 on page 1
.
.
.
Table 1 on page 1
.
,
.
Doc ID 2146 Rev 1829/30
L78MxxC
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