ST ACST8 User Manual

ACST8
Overvoltage protected AC switch
Features
Triac with overvoltage protection
High noise immunity: static dV/dt > 2000 V/µs
TO-220FPAB insulated package: 1500 V rms
Enables equipment to meet IEC 61000-4-5
High off-state reliability with planar technology
Needs no external overvoltage protection
Reduces the power passive component count
High immunity against fast transients
described in IEC 61000-4-4 standards
Applications
AC mains static switching in appliance and
industrial control systems
Drive of medium power AC loads such as:
– Universal motor of washing machine drum – Compressor for fridge or air conditioner
OUT
G
OUT
COM
TO-220AB
ACST830-8T
OUT
2
D
TO-220FPAB
ACST830-8FP
G
COM
PAK
ACST830-8G

Figure 1. Functional diagram

OUT
COM
G
OUT
Description
The ACST8 series belongs to the ACS™/ ACST power switch family built around A.S.D.
®
(application specific discrete) technology. This high performance device is suited to home appliances or industrial systems and drives an induction motor up to 8 A.
This ACST8 device embeds a Triac structure with a high voltage clamping device to absorb the inductive turn off energy and withstand line transients such as those described in the IEC 61000-4-5 standards.

Table 1. Device summary

Symbol Value Unit
I
T(RMS)
V
DRM/VRRM
I
GT
ACST8 shows a high noise immunity complying with IEC standards such as IEC 61000-4-4 (fast transient burst test).
February 2011 Doc ID 7463 Rev 9 1/13
TM: ACS is a trademark of STMicroelectronics. ®: A.S.D. is a registered trademark of STMicroelectronics
G
COM
8A
800 V
30 mA
www.st.com
13
Characteristics ACST8

1 Characteristics

Table 2. Absolute ratings (limiting values)

Symbol Parameter Value Unit
TO-220FPAB T
TO-220AB /
2
I
On-state rms current (full sine wave)
T(RMS)
D
PA K
D2PAK with 1cm2 Cu
TSM
2
I
t Thermal constraint for fuse selection tp = 10 ms 42 A2s
dI/dt
VPP
P
G(AV)
P
GM
I
GM
T
stg
T
j
T
l
V
INS(RMS)
1. According to test described in IEC 61000-4-5 standard and Figure 18.

Table 3. Electrical characteristics per switch

initial = 25 °C, full cycle sine wave
T
j
Critical rate of rise on-state current
= 2 x I
I
G
(1)
Non repetitive line peak pulse voltage Tj = 25 °C 2 kV
GT, (tr
100 ns)
Average gate power dissipation Tj = 125 °C 0.1 W
Peak gate power dissipation (tp = 20 ms) Tj = 125 °C 10 W
Peak gate current (tp = 20 ms) Tj = 125 °C 1.6 A
Storage temperature range - 40 to + 150 °C
Operating junction temperature range - 40 to + 125 °C
Maximum lead soldering temperature during 10 s 260 °C
Insulation rms voltage
Non repetitive surge peak on-state current
I
Symbol Test conditions
(1)
I
GT
V
V
I
H
dV/dt
(dI/dt)c
V
1. Minimum IGT is guaranteed at 5% of I
2. For either positive or negative polarity of OUT pin with reference to COM pin
V
= 12 V, RL = 33 Ω I - II - III 25 °C Max 30 mA
OUT
V
= 12V, RL = 33 Ω I - II - III 25 °C Max 1.0 V
OUT
V
= V
DRM
GT
= 67% V
, RL = 3.3 kΩ I - II - III 125 °C Min 0.2 V
, gate open 125 °C Min 2000 V/µs
DRM
OUT
I
= 500 mA 25 °C Max 30 mA
OUT
I
= 1.2 x I
G
V
OUT
Without snubber 125 °C Min 8 A/ms
I
= 0.1 mA, t
CL
= 1 ms 25 °C Min 850 V
p
GT(Max)
I
GT
GD
(2)
L
(2)
(2)
CL
F = 50 Hz t
F = 60 Hz t
F = 120 Hz T
TO-220FPAB
Quadrant
T
j
I - II - III 25 °C Max 50 mA
= 91 °C
case
8A
= 105 °C
T
case
= 43 °C 2 A
T
amb
= 20 ms 80 A
p
= 16.7 ms 84 A
p
= 125 °C 100 A/µs
j
1500 V
Val ue Un it
2/13 Doc ID 7463 Rev 9
ACST8 Characteristics

Table 4. Static characteristics

Symbol Test conditions Value Unit
V
V
I
DRM
I
RRM

Table 5. Thermal resistances

ITM = 11.3 A tp = 500 µs Tj = 25 °C Max 1.5 V
TM
Threshold voltage Tj = 125 °C Max 0.9 V
TO
Dynamic resistance Tj = 125 °C Max 50 mΩ
R
D
Tj = 25 °C
V
OUT
= V
DRM
/ V
RRM
Tj = 125 °C 1 mA
Max
20 µA
Symbol Parameter Value Unit
TO-220FPAB TO-220AB
60
°C/W
R
Junction to ambient
th(j-a)
Junction to ambient (soldered on 1 cm2 copper pad) D2PA K 4 5
TO-220FPAB 3.6
R
Figure 2. Maximum power dissipation versus
Junction to case (AC)
th(j-c)
on-state rms current
TO-220AB, D2PA K 2
Figure 3. On-state rms current versus case
temperature (full cycle)
P(W)
10
α=180 °
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
012345678
I (A)
T(RMS)
180°
I (A)
T(RMS)
9
α=180°
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0 25 50 75 100 125
T (°C)
C
TO-220FPAB
-
TO
220AB
2
PAC K
D
Doc ID 7463 Rev 9 3/13
Characteristics ACST8
Figure 4. On-state rms current versus
ambient temperature (free air convection, fulle cycle)
I (A)
T(RMS)
3.0
2.5
2.0
TO-220
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
0 25 50 75 100 125
D2PAK
Copper surface
2
= 1cm
T (°C)
amb
α=180°
Figure 6. Relative variation of gate trigger
current (I
) and voltage (VGT)
GT
versus junction temperature
IGT,VGT[Tj]/IGT,VGT[Tj=25 °C]
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
-50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125
IGTQ3
Typical values
IGTQ1-Q2
VGTQ1-Q2-Q3
Tj(°C)
Figure 5. Relative variation of thermal
impedance versus pulse duration
K=[Z /R ]
1.0E+00
1.0E-01
1.0E-02
th th
TO-220AB
TO-220AB
1.0E-03 1.0E-02 1.0E-01 1.0E+00 1.0E+01 1.0E+02 1.0E+03
TO-220FPAB
Z
th(j-c)
TO-220FPAB
Z
th(j-a)
t (s)
p
Figure 7. Relative variation of holding
current (IH) and latching current (IL) versus junction temperature
IH,IL[Tj]/IH,IL[Tj=25 °C]
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
I
0.5
0.0
-50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125
Tj(°C)
L
I
H
Figure 8. Surge peak on-state current versus
Figure 9. Non repetitive surge peak on-state
number of cycles
I
(A)
TSM
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
Repetitive
T
=105 °C
C
20
10
0
1 10 100 1000
Non repetitive
T
initial=25 °C
j
Number of cycles
t=20ms
One cycle
4/13 Doc ID 7463 Rev 9
1000
100
10
1
0.01 0.10 1.00 10.00
current and corresponding value of
2
I
t versus sinusoidal pulse width
I
(A), I²t (A²s)
TSM
dI/dt limitation: 100 A/µs
sinusoidal pulse with width t < 10 ms
P
tP(ms)
Tjinitial=25 °C
I
TSM
I²t
ACST8 Characteristics
Figure 10. On-state characteristics
(maximum values)
ITM(A)
100
10
Tjmax :
V
= 0.90 V
Tj=125 °C
1
012345
Tj=25 °C
VTM(V)
to
R
d
= 50 mΩ
Figure 12. Relative variation of static dV/dt
immunity versus junction temperature (gate open)
dV/dt[T ] /jdV/dt[T =125°C]
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
25 50 75 100 125
j
VD=VR=530 V
Tj(°C)
Figure 11. Relative variation of critical rate of
decrease of main current (dI/dt)
c
versus junction temperature
(dI/dt)c[T ] /j(dI/dt)c[T =125°C]
15 14 13 12 11 10
9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
25 50 75 100 125
j
Tj(°C)
Figure 13. Relative variation of leakage
current versus junction temperature
I
[Tj;V
DRM/IRRM
1.0E+00
Different blocking voltages
1.0E-01
1.0E-02
1.0E-03
25 50 75 100 125
DRM/VRRM
V
DRM=VRRM
]/I
DRM/IRRM
=600 V
[Tj=125°C;800V]
V
=800 VV
=800 V
DRM=VRRM
DRM=VRRM
V
DRM=VRRM
Tj(°C)
=200 V
Figure 14. Relative variation of clamping
voltage (V
) versus junction
CL
temperature (minimum values)
[Tj=25°C
CL
]
Tj(°C)
Doc ID 7463 Rev 9 5/13
V
[Tjj/V
CL
1.15
1.10
1.05
1.00
0.95
0.90
0.85
-50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125
Figure 15. Thermal resistance junction to
ambient versus copper surface under tab
R
(°C/W)
th(j-a)
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
Printed circuit board FR4, copper thickness = 35 µm
SCU(cm²)
D²PAK
Application information ACST8

2 Application information

2.1 Typical application description

The ACST8 device has been designed to control medium power load, such as AC motors in home appliances. Thanks to its thermal and turn off commutation performances, the ACST8 switch is able to drive an inductive load up to 8 A with no turn off additional snubber. It also provides high thermal performances in static and transient modes such as high torque operating conditions or inrush current of an AC motor.
Figure 16. AC induction motor control – typical diagram
AC Motor
AC
induction
motor
AC Mains
Vcc
MCU
ACST
Rg
C
L
ACST
Phase shift capacitor + protective air inductance
Rg
Selection of the rotor direction
6/13 Doc ID 7463 Rev 9
ACST8 Application information

2.2 AC line transient voltage ruggedness

In comparison with standard Triacs, which are not robust against surge voltage, the ACST8 is self-protected against over-voltage, specified by the new parameter V switch can safely withstand AC line transient voltages either by clamping the low energy spikes, such as inductive spikes at switch off, or by switching to the on state (for less than 10 ms) to dissipate higher energy shocks through the load. This safety feature works even with high turn-on current ramp up.
The test circuit of Figure 17 represents the ACST8 application, and is used to stress the ACST switch according to the IEC 61000-4-5 standard conditions. With the additional effect of the load which is limiting the current, the ACST switch withstands the voltage spikes up to 2 kV on top of the peak line voltage. The protection is based on an overvoltage crowbar technology. The ACST8 folds back safely to the on state as shown in Figure 18. The ACST8 recovers its blocking voltage capability after the surge and the next zero current crossing. Such a non repetitive test can be done at least 10 times on each AC line voltage polarity.
Figure 17. Overvoltage ruggedness test circuit for resistive and inductive loads for
IEC 61000-4-5 standards
R = 13 , L = 2 µH, Vsurge = 2 kV
Rg = 82ΩΩ
Surge generator
2kV surge
. The ACST8
CL
AC Mains
Filtering unit
Rgene
Model of the load
R
L
ACST8
Rg
Doc ID 7463 Rev 9 7/13
Ordering information scheme ACST8
Figure 18. Typical current and voltage waveforms across the ACST8 during
IEC 61000-4-5 standard test
V
peak=VCL
1.2/50 µs voltage surge
V
0
I
= 160 A
peak
I
8/20 µs current surge
0
dI/dt = 180 A/µs

3 Ordering information scheme

Figure 19. Ordering information scheme

AC switch
Topology
T = Triac
On-state rms current
8 = 8 A
Triggering gate current
30 = 30 mA
Repetitive peak off-state voltage
8 = 800 V
Package
FP = TO-220FPAB T = TO-220AB G = D2PA K
Delivery mode
TR = Tape and reel Blank = Tube
ACS T 8 30 - 8 G TR
8/13 Doc ID 7463 Rev 9
ACST8 Package information

4 Package information

Epoxy meets UL94, V0
Recommended torque: 0.4 to 0.6 N·m
In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in different grades of ECOPACK specifications, grade definitions and product status are available at: www.st.com ECOPACK

Table 6. TO-220AB dimensions

®
packages, depending on their level of environmental compliance. ECOPACK®
®
is an ST trademark.
.
Dimensions
Ref.
Millimeters Inches
Min. Max. Min. Max.
A 4.40 4.60 0.173 0.181
C 1.23 1.32 0.048 0.051
H2
Dia
A
C
D 2.40 2.72 0.094 0.107
E 0.49 0.70 0.019 0.027
L2
F2
F1
L5
L6
L9
L4
F
G1
L7
F 0.61 0.88 0.024 0.034
F1 1.14 1.70 0.044 0.066
F2 1.14 1.70 0.044 0.066
G 4.95 5.15 0.194 0.202
D
G1 2.40 2.70 0.094 0.106
H2 10 10.40 0.393 0.409
L2 16.4 typ. 0.645 typ.
M
E
L4 13 14 0.511 0.551
L5 2.65 2.95 0.104 0.116
G
L6 15.25 15.75 0.600 0.620
L7 6.20 6.60 0.244 0.259
L9 3.50 3.93 0.137 0.154
M 2.6 typ. 0.102 typ.
Diam. 3.75 3.85 0.147 0.151
Doc ID 7463 Rev 9 9/13
Package information ACST8

Table 7. TO-220FPAB dimensions

Dimensions
Ref.
Millimeters Inches
Min. Max. Min. Max.
A 4.4 4.6 0.173 0.181
A
H
B
B 2.5 2.7 0.098 0.106
D 2.5 2.75 0.098 0.108
E 0.45 0.70 0.018 0.027
Dia
L6
L2
L3
L5
F1
L4
F2
F
G1
G
D
L7
E
F 0.75 1 0.030 0.039
F1 1.15 1.70 0.045 0.067
F2 1.15 1.70 0.045 0.067
G 4.95 5.20 0.195 0.205
G1 2.4 2.7 0.094 0.106
H 10 10.4 0.393 0.409
L2 16 Typ. 0.63 Typ.
L3 28.6 30.6 1.126 1.205
L4 9.8 10.6 0.386 0.417
L5 2.9 3.6 0.114 0.142
L6 15.9 16.4 0.626 0.646
L7 9.00 9.30 0.354 0.366
Diam. 3.00 3.20 0.118 0.126
10/13 Doc ID 7463 Rev 9
ACST8 Package information
Table 8. D
L2
L
L3
2
PAK dimensions
E
A1
B2
B
G
* FLAT ZONE NO LESSTHAN 2mm
Dimensions
Ref.
Millimeters Inches
Min. Max. Min. Max.
A 4.40 4.60 0.173 0.181
A
A1 2.49 2.69 0.098 0.106
C2
A2 0.03 0.23 0.001 0.009
B 0.70 0.93 0.027 0.037
D
B2 1.14 1.70 0.045 0.067
C 0.45 0.60 0.017 0.024
C2 1.23 1.36 0.048 0.054
C
R
D 8.95 9.35 0.352 0.368
E 10.00 10.40 0.393 0.409
A2
G 4.88 5.28 0.192 0.208
L 15.00 15.85 0.590 0.624
M
*
V2
L2 1.27 1.40 0.050 0.055
L3 1.40 1.75 0.055 0.069
M 2.40 3.20 0.094 0.126

Figure 20. Footprint (dimensions in mm)

16.90
10.30
8.90
R 0.40 typ. 0.016 typ.
V2
5.08
1.30
3.70
Doc ID 7463 Rev 9 11/13
Ordering information ACST8

5 Ordering information

Table 9. Ordering information

Order code Marking Package Weight Base qty Packing mode
ACST830-8FP
ACST830-8T TO-220AB 2.3 g 50 Tube
ACST8308
ACST830-8GTR D

6 Revision history

Table 10. Document revision history

Date Revision Changes
Jan-2002 4B Last update.
08-Nov-2004 5 TO-220AB and D2PAK packages added.
24-Nov-2004 6 Table 6 page 3: I
18-Dec-2009 7
01-Jul-2010 8 Updated Figure 19.
07-Feb-2011 9 Updated Table 2.
TO-220FPAB 2.4 g 50 Tube
2
PAK 1.5 g 500 Tape and reel
parameter added
GT
Added ECOPACK statement. Reformatted for consistency with other datasheets in this product class. Order codes updated.
12/13 Doc ID 7463 Rev 9
ACST8
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Doc ID 7463 Rev 9 13/13
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