ST ACST8 User Manual

ACST8

Overvoltage protected AC switch

Features

■ Triac with overvoltage protection

■ High noise immunity: static dV/dt > 2000 V/µs

■ TO-220FPAB insulated package: 1500 V rms

Benefits

■ Enables equipment to meet IEC 61000-4-5

■ High off-state reliability with planar technology

■ Needs no external overvoltage protection

■ Reduces the power passive component count

■ High immunity against fast transients

described in IEC 61000-4-4 standards

Applications

■ AC mains static switching in appliance and

industrial control systems

■ Drive of medium power AC loads such as:

– Universal motor of washing machine drum
– Compressor for fridge or air conditioner

OUT

G

OUT

COM

TO-220AB

ACST830-8T

OUT

2

D

TO-220FPAB

ACST830-8FP

G

COM

PAK

ACST830-8G

Figure 1. Functional diagram

OUT

COM

G

OUT

Description

The ACST8 series belongs to the ACS™/ ACST
power switch family built around A.S.D.

®

(application specific discrete) technology. This
high performance device is suited to home
appliances or industrial systems and drives an
induction motor up to 8 A.

This ACST8 device embeds a Triac structure with
a high voltage clamping device to absorb the
inductive turn off energy and withstand line
transients such as those described in the
IEC 61000-4-5 standards.

Table 1. Device summary

Symbol Value Unit

I

T(RMS)

V

DRM/VRRM

I

GT

ACST8 shows a high noise immunity complying
with IEC standards such as IEC 61000-4-4 (fast
transient burst test).

February 2011 Doc ID 7463 Rev 9 1/13

TM: ACS is a trademark of STMicroelectronics.
®: A.S.D. is a registered trademark of
STMicroelectronics

G

COM

8A

800 V

30 mA

www.st.com

13

Characteristics ACST8

1 Characteristics

Table 2. Absolute ratings (limiting values)

Symbol Parameter Value Unit

TO-220FPAB T

TO-220AB /

2

I

On-state rms current (full sine wave)

T(RMS)

D

PA K

D2PAK with
1cm2 Cu

TSM

2

I

t Thermal constraint for fuse selection tp = 10 ms 42 A2s

dI/dt

VPP

P

G(AV)

P

GM

I

GM

T

stg

T

j

T

l

V

INS(RMS)

1. According to test described in IEC 61000-4-5 standard and Figure 18.

Table 3. Electrical characteristics per switch

initial = 25 °C, full cycle sine wave

T

j

Critical rate of rise on-state current

= 2 x I

I

G

(1)

Non repetitive line peak pulse voltage Tj = 25 °C 2 kV

GT, (tr

≤ 100 ns)

Average gate power dissipation Tj = 125 °C 0.1 W

Peak gate power dissipation (tp = 20 ms) Tj = 125 °C 10 W

Peak gate current (tp = 20 ms) Tj = 125 °C 1.6 A

Storage temperature range - 40 to + 150 °C

Operating junction temperature range - 40 to + 125 °C

Maximum lead soldering temperature during 10 s 260 °C

Insulation rms voltage

Non repetitive surge peak on-state current

I

Symbol Test conditions

(1)

I

GT

V

V

I

H

dV/dt

(dI/dt)c

V

1. Minimum IGT is guaranteed at 5% of I

2. For either positive or negative polarity of OUT pin with reference to COM pin

V

= 12 V, RL = 33 Ω I - II - III 25 °C Max 30 mA

OUT

V

= 12V, RL = 33 Ω I - II - III 25 °C Max 1.0 V

OUT

V

= V

DRM

GT

= 67% V

, RL = 3.3 kΩ I - II - III 125 °C Min 0.2 V

, gate open 125 °C Min 2000 V/µs

DRM

OUT

I

= 500 mA 25 °C Max 30 mA

OUT

I

= 1.2 x I

G

V

OUT

Without snubber 125 °C Min 8 A/ms

I

= 0.1 mA, t

CL

= 1 ms 25 °C Min 850 V

p

GT(Max)

I

GT

GD

(2)

L

(2)

(2)

CL

F = 50 Hz t

F = 60 Hz t

F = 120 Hz T

TO-220FPAB

Quadrant

T

j

I - II - III 25 °C Max 50 mA

= 91 °C

case

8A

= 105 °C

T

case

= 43 °C 2 A

T

amb

= 20 ms 80 A

p

= 16.7 ms 84 A

p

= 125 °C 100 A/µs

j

1500 V

Val ue Un it

2/13 Doc ID 7463 Rev 9

ACST8 Characteristics

Table 4. Static characteristics

Symbol Test conditions Value Unit

V

V

I

DRM

I

RRM

Table 5. Thermal resistances

ITM = 11.3 A tp = 500 µs Tj = 25 °C Max 1.5 V

TM

Threshold voltage Tj = 125 °C Max 0.9 V

TO

Dynamic resistance Tj = 125 °C Max 50 mΩ

R

D

Tj = 25 °C

V

OUT

= V

DRM

/ V

RRM

Tj = 125 °C 1 mA

Max

20 µA

Symbol Parameter Value Unit

TO-220FPAB
TO-220AB

60

°C/W

R

Junction to ambient

th(j-a)

Junction to ambient (soldered on 1 cm2 copper pad) D2PA K 4 5

TO-220FPAB 3.6

R

Figure 2. Maximum power dissipation versus

Junction to case (AC)

th(j-c)

on-state rms current

TO-220AB, D2PA K 2

Figure 3. On-state rms current versus case

temperature (full cycle)

P(W)

10

α=180 °

9

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

0

012345678

I (A)

T(RMS)

180°

I (A)

T(RMS)

9

α=180°

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

0

0 25 50 75 100 125

T (°C)

C

TO-220FPAB

-

TO

220AB

2

PAC K

D

Doc ID 7463 Rev 9 3/13

Characteristics ACST8

Figure 4. On-state rms current versus

ambient temperature
(free air convection, fulle cycle)

I (A)

T(RMS)

3.0

2.5

2.0

TO-220

1.5

1.0

0.5

0.0

0 25 50 75 100 125

D2PAK

Copper surface

2

= 1cm

T (°C)

amb

α=180°

Figure 6. Relative variation of gate trigger

current (I

) and voltage (VGT)

GT

versus junction temperature

IGT,VGT[Tj]/IGT,VGT[Tj=25 °C]

3.0

2.5

2.0

1.5

1.0

0.5

0.0

-50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125

IGTQ3

Typical values

IGTQ1-Q2

VGTQ1-Q2-Q3

Tj(°C)

Figure 5. Relative variation of thermal

impedance versus pulse duration

K=[Z /R ]

1.0E+00

1.0E-01

1.0E-02

th th

TO-220AB

TO-220AB

1.0E-03 1.0E-02 1.0E-01 1.0E+00 1.0E+01 1.0E+02 1.0E+03

TO-220FPAB

Z

th(j-c)

TO-220FPAB

Z

th(j-a)

t (s)

p

Figure 7. Relative variation of holding

current (IH) and latching current (IL)
versus junction temperature

IH,IL[Tj]/IH,IL[Tj=25 °C]

2.5

2.0

1.5

1.0

I

0.5

0.0

-50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125

Tj(°C)

L

I

H

Figure 8. Surge peak on-state current versus

Figure 9. Non repetitive surge peak on-state

number of cycles

I

(A)

TSM

90

80

70

60

50

40

30

Repetitive

T

=105 °C

C

20

10

0

1 10 100 1000

Non repetitive

T

initial=25 °C

j

Number of cycles

t=20ms

One cycle

4/13 Doc ID 7463 Rev 9

1000

100

10

1

0.01 0.10 1.00 10.00

current and corresponding value of

2

I

t versus sinusoidal pulse width

I

(A), I²t (A²s)

TSM

dI/dt limitation: 100 A/µs

sinusoidal pulse
with width t < 10 ms

P

tP(ms)

Tjinitial=25 °C

I

TSM

I²t

ACST8 Characteristics

Figure 10. On-state characteristics

(maximum values)

ITM(A)

100

10

Tjmax :

V

= 0.90 V

Tj=125 °C

1

012345

Tj=25 °C

VTM(V)

to

R

d

= 50 mΩ

Figure 12. Relative variation of static dV/dt

immunity versus junction
temperature (gate open)

dV/dt[T ] /jdV/dt[T =125°C]

11

10

9

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

0

25 50 75 100 125

j

VD=VR=530 V

Tj(°C)

Figure 11. Relative variation of critical rate of

decrease of main current (dI/dt)

c

versus junction temperature

(dI/dt)c[T ] /j(dI/dt)c[T =125°C]

15
14
13
12
11
10

9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0

25 50 75 100 125

j

Tj(°C)

Figure 13. Relative variation of leakage

current versus junction
temperature

I

[Tj;V

DRM/IRRM

1.0E+00

Different blocking voltages

1.0E-01

1.0E-02

1.0E-03

25 50 75 100 125

DRM/VRRM

V

DRM=VRRM

]/I

DRM/IRRM

=600 V

[Tj=125°C;800V]

V

=800 VV

=800 V

DRM=VRRM

DRM=VRRM

V

DRM=VRRM

Tj(°C)

=200 V

Figure 14. Relative variation of clamping

voltage (V

) versus junction

CL

temperature (minimum values)

[Tj=25°C

CL

]

Tj(°C)

Doc ID 7463 Rev 9 5/13

V

[Tjj/V

CL

1.15

1.10

1.05

1.00

0.95

0.90

0.85

-50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125

Figure 15. Thermal resistance junction to

ambient versus copper surface
under tab

R

(°C/W)

th(j-a)

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Printed circuit board FR4,
copper thickness = 35 µm

SCU(cm²)

D²PAK

Application information ACST8

2 Application information

2.1 Typical application description

The ACST8 device has been designed to control medium power load, such as AC motors in
home appliances. Thanks to its thermal and turn off commutation performances, the ACST8
switch is able to drive an inductive load up to 8 A with no turn off additional snubber. It also
provides high thermal performances in static and transient modes such as high torque
operating conditions or inrush current of an AC motor.

Figure 16. AC induction motor control – typical diagram

AC Motor

AC

induction

motor

AC Mains

Vcc

MCU

ACST

Rg

C

L

ACST

Phase shift capacitor +
protective air inductance

Rg

Selection of the
rotor direction

6/13 Doc ID 7463 Rev 9

ACST8 Application information

2.2 AC line transient voltage ruggedness

In comparison with standard Triacs, which are not robust against surge voltage, the ACST8
is self-protected against over-voltage, specified by the new parameter V
switch can safely withstand AC line transient voltages either by clamping the low energy
spikes, such as inductive spikes at switch off, or by switching to the on state (for less than 10
ms) to dissipate higher energy shocks through the load. This safety feature works even with
high turn-on current ramp up.

The test circuit of Figure 17 represents the ACST8 application, and is used to stress the
ACST switch according to the IEC 61000-4-5 standard conditions. With the additional effect
of the load which is limiting the current, the ACST switch withstands the voltage spikes up to
2 kV on top of the peak line voltage. The protection is based on an overvoltage crowbar
technology. The ACST8 folds back safely to the on state as shown in Figure 18. The ACST8
recovers its blocking voltage capability after the surge and the next zero current crossing.
Such a non repetitive test can be done at least 10 times on each AC line voltage polarity.

Figure 17. Overvoltage ruggedness test circuit for resistive and inductive loads for

IEC 61000-4-5 standards

R = 13 , L = 2 µH, Vsurge = 2 kV

Rg = 82ΩΩ

Surge generator

2kV surge

. The ACST8

CL

AC Mains

Filtering unit

Rgene

Model of the load

R

L

ACST8

Rg

Doc ID 7463 Rev 9 7/13

Ordering information scheme ACST8

Figure 18. Typical current and voltage waveforms across the ACST8 during

IEC 61000-4-5 standard test

V

peak=VCL

1.2/50 µs voltage surge

V

0

I

= 160 A

peak

I

8/20 µs current surge

0

dI/dt = 180 A/µs

3 Ordering information scheme

Figure 19. Ordering information scheme

AC switch

Topology

T = Triac

On-state rms current

8 = 8 A

Triggering gate current

30 = 30 mA

Repetitive peak off-state voltage

8 = 800 V

Package

FP = TO-220FPAB
T = TO-220AB
G = D2PA K

Delivery mode

TR = Tape and reel
Blank = Tube

ACS T 8 30 - 8 G TR

8/13 Doc ID 7463 Rev 9

ACST8 Package information

4 Package information

● Epoxy meets UL94, V0

● Recommended torque: 0.4 to 0.6 N·m

In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in different grades of
ECOPACK
specifications, grade definitions and product status are available at: www.st.com
ECOPACK

Table 6. TO-220AB dimensions

®

packages, depending on their level of environmental compliance. ECOPACK®

®

is an ST trademark.

.

Dimensions

Ref.

Millimeters Inches

Min. Max. Min. Max.

A 4.40 4.60 0.173 0.181

C 1.23 1.32 0.048 0.051

H2

Dia

A

C

D 2.40 2.72 0.094 0.107

E 0.49 0.70 0.019 0.027

L2

F2

F1

L5

L6

L9

L4

F

G1

L7

F 0.61 0.88 0.024 0.034

F1 1.14 1.70 0.044 0.066

F2 1.14 1.70 0.044 0.066

G 4.95 5.15 0.194 0.202

D

G1 2.40 2.70 0.094 0.106

H2 10 10.40 0.393 0.409

L2 16.4 typ. 0.645 typ.

M

E

L4 13 14 0.511 0.551

L5 2.65 2.95 0.104 0.116

G

L6 15.25 15.75 0.600 0.620

L7 6.20 6.60 0.244 0.259

L9 3.50 3.93 0.137 0.154

M 2.6 typ. 0.102 typ.

Diam. 3.75 3.85 0.147 0.151

Doc ID 7463 Rev 9 9/13

Package information ACST8

Table 7. TO-220FPAB dimensions

Dimensions

Ref.

Millimeters Inches

Min. Max. Min. Max.

A 4.4 4.6 0.173 0.181

A

H

B

B 2.5 2.7 0.098 0.106

D 2.5 2.75 0.098 0.108

E 0.45 0.70 0.018 0.027

Dia

L6

L2

L3

L5

F1

L4

F2

F

G1

G

D

L7

E

F 0.75 1 0.030 0.039

F1 1.15 1.70 0.045 0.067

F2 1.15 1.70 0.045 0.067

G 4.95 5.20 0.195 0.205

G1 2.4 2.7 0.094 0.106

H 10 10.4 0.393 0.409

L2 16 Typ. 0.63 Typ.

L3 28.6 30.6 1.126 1.205

L4 9.8 10.6 0.386 0.417

L5 2.9 3.6 0.114 0.142

L6 15.9 16.4 0.626 0.646

L7 9.00 9.30 0.354 0.366

Diam. 3.00 3.20 0.118 0.126

10/13 Doc ID 7463 Rev 9

ACST8 Package information

Table 8. D

L2

L

L3

2

PAK dimensions

E

A1

B2

B

G

* FLAT ZONE NO LESSTHAN 2mm

Dimensions

Ref.

Millimeters Inches

Min. Max. Min. Max.

A 4.40 4.60 0.173 0.181

A

A1 2.49 2.69 0.098 0.106

C2

A2 0.03 0.23 0.001 0.009

B 0.70 0.93 0.027 0.037

D

B2 1.14 1.70 0.045 0.067

C 0.45 0.60 0.017 0.024

C2 1.23 1.36 0.048 0.054

C

R

D 8.95 9.35 0.352 0.368

E 10.00 10.40 0.393 0.409

A2

G 4.88 5.28 0.192 0.208

L 15.00 15.85 0.590 0.624

M

*

V2

L2 1.27 1.40 0.050 0.055

L3 1.40 1.75 0.055 0.069

M 2.40 3.20 0.094 0.126

Figure 20. Footprint (dimensions in mm)

16.90

10.30

8.90

R 0.40 typ. 0.016 typ.

V2 0° 8° 0° 8°

5.08

1.30

3.70

Doc ID 7463 Rev 9 11/13

Ordering information ACST8

5 Ordering information

Table 9. Ordering information

Order code Marking Package Weight Base qty Packing mode

ACST830-8FP

ACST830-8T TO-220AB 2.3 g 50 Tube

ACST8308

ACST830-8GTR D

6 Revision history

Table 10. Document revision history

Date Revision Changes

Jan-2002 4B Last update.

08-Nov-2004 5 TO-220AB and D2PAK packages added.

24-Nov-2004 6 Table 6 page 3: I

18-Dec-2009 7

01-Jul-2010 8 Updated Figure 19.

07-Feb-2011 9 Updated Table 2.

TO-220FPAB 2.4 g 50 Tube

2

PAK 1.5 g 500 Tape and reel

parameter added

GT

Added ECOPACK statement. Reformatted for consistency with other
datasheets in this product class. Order codes updated.

12/13 Doc ID 7463 Rev 9

ACST8

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Doc ID 7463 Rev 9 13/13