ST ACST2 User Manual

ACST2

Overvoltage protected AC switch

Features

■ Triac with overvoltage crowbar technology

■ High noise immunity: static dV/dt > 500 V/µs

■ ACST210-8FP, in the TO-220FPAB package,

provides insulation voltage rated at 1500 V rms

Benefits

■ Enables equipment to meet IEC 61000-4-5

■ High off-state reliability with planar technology

■ Needs no external overvoltage protection

■ Reduces component count

■ Interfaces directly with the micro-controller

■ High immunity against fast transients

described in IEC 61000-4-4 standards

Applications

■ AC on/off static switching in appliances and

industrial control systems

■ Driving low power highly inductive loads like

solenoid, pump, fan, and micro-motor

OUT

G

OUT

COM

TO-220FPAB

ACST210-8FP

ACST210-8B

Figure 1. Functional diagram

OUT

G

COM

Table 1. Device summary

G

COM

DPAK

Description

Symbol Value Unit

I

The ACST2 series belongs to the ACS™/ACST
power switch family built with A.S.D.

®

(application

specific discrete) technology. This high

T(RMS)

V

DRM/VRRM

I

GT

performance device is suited to home appliances
or industrial systems and drives loads up to 2 A.

This ACST2 switch embeds a Triac structure with
a high voltage clamping device to absorb the
inductive turn-off energy and withstand line
transients such as those described in the
IEC 61000-4-5 standards. The component needs
a low gate current to be activated (I
and still shows a high electrical noise immunity
complying with IEC standards such as
IEC 61000-4-4 (fast transient burst test).

July 2010 Doc ID 13304 Rev 3 1/13

< 10 mA)

GT

TM: ACS is a trademark of STMicroelectronics
®: A.S.D. is a registered trademark of
STMicroelectronics

2A

800 V

10 mA

www.st.com

13

Characteristics ACST2

1 Characteristics

Table 2. Absolute maximum ratings (limiting values)

Symbol Parameter Value Unit

I

T(RMS)

I

TSM

dI/dt

V

PP

P

G(AV)

P

I

GM

T

V

INS(RMS)

1. According to test described in IEC 61000-4-5 standard and Figure 18

Table 3. Electrical characteristics (Tj = 25 °C, unless otherwise specified)

On-state rms current (full sine wave)

DPAK T

Non repetitive surge peak on-state current
(full cycle sine wave, TJ initial = 25 °C)

²

²

tI

I

t Value for fusing tp = 10 ms 0.5 A²s

Critical rate of rise of on-state current

= 2 x IGT, tr = 100 ns

I

G

(1)

Non repetitive line peak mains voltage

F = 60 Hz t = 16.7 ms 8.4 A

F = 50 Hz t = 20 ms 8.0

F = 120 Hz Tj = 125 °C 50 A/µs

(1)

Average gate power dissipation Tj = 125 °C 0.1 W

Peak gate power dissipation (tp = 20 µs) Tj = 125 °C 10 W

GM

Peak gate current (tp = 20 µs) Tj = 125 °C 1.6 A

Storage junction temperature range

stg

T

Operating junction temperature range

j

T

Maximum lead soldering temperature during 10 s (at 3 mm from plastic case) 260 °C

l

Insulation rms voltage T0-220FPAB 1500 V

TO-220FPAB T

= 105 °C

c

= 110 °C

c

2

Tj = 25 °C 2 kV

-40 to +150

-40 to +125

A

°C

Symbol Test conditions Quadrant Value Unit

(1)

V

I

GT

V

I

V

GT

GD

(2)

H

= 12 V, RL = 33 Ω I - II - III MAX 10 mA

OUT

V

= 12 V, RL = 33 Ω I - II - III MAX 1.1 V

OUT

V

= V

OUT

I

= 100 mA MAX 10 mA

OUT

, RL = 3.3 kΩ,Tj = 125 °C I - II - III MIN 0.2 V

DRM

I - III MAX 25

I

L

dV/dt

(dI/dt)c

V

CL

1. Minimum IGT is guaranteed at 5% of IGT max

2. For both polarities of OUT pin referenced to COM pin

IG = 1.2 x I

(2)

V

OUT

(2)

(dV/dt)c = 15 V/µs, Tj = 125 °C MIN 0.5 A/ms

GT

= 67% V

II MAX 35

gate open, Tj = 125 °C MIN 500 V/µs

DRM

ICL = 0.1 mA, tp = 1 ms, Tj = 25 °C MIN 850 V

2/13 Doc ID 13304 Rev 3

mA

ACST2 Characteristics

(A)

Table 4. Static electrical characteristics

Symbol Test conditions Value Unit

(1)

V

V

R

I
I

TM

TO

D

DRM

RRM

I

= 2.8 A, tp = 500 µs Tj = 25 °C MAX 2 V

TM

(1)

Threshold voltage Tj = 125 °C MAX 0.9 V

(1)

Dynamic resistance Tj = 125 °C MAX 250 mΩ

V

OUT

= V

DRM

/ V

RRM

Tj = 25 °C

MAX

= 125 °C 0.5 mA

T

j

10 µA

1. For both polarities of OUT pin referenced to COM pin

Table 5. Thermal resistances

Symbol Parameter Value Unit

DPAK 4.5

R

th(j-c)

Junction to case (AC)

TO-220FPAB 7

TO-220FPAB 60

R

th(j-a)

1. SCU = copper surface under tab

Figure 2. Maximum power dissipation versus

P(W)

2.8

α=180 °

2.4

2.0

1.6

1.2

0.8

0.4

0.0

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0

Junction to ambient

on-state rms current (full cycle)

180°

I

(A)

T(RMS)

(1)

S

= 0.5 cm

CU

²

DPAK 70

Figure 3. On-state rms current versus case

temperature

I

T(RMS)

2.4

2.2

2.0

1.8

1.6

1.4

1.2

1.0

0.8

0.6

0.4

α=180 °

0.2

0.0

0 25 50 75 100 125

TC(°C)

TO-220FPAB

DPAK

°C/W

Doc ID 13304 Rev 3 3/13

Characteristics ACST2

Figure 4. On-state rms current versus

ambient temperature

I

(A)

T(RMS)

1.8

1.6

1.4

1.2

1.0

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0.0

0 25 50 75 100 125

T

(°C)

amb

α=180 °

Printed circuit board FR4

Natural convection

=0.5 cm²

S

CU

Figure 6. Relative variation of thermal

impedance versus pulse duration
DPAK

K=[Zth/Rth]

1.0E+00

Z

th(j-c)

Z

1.0E-01

1.0E-02

1.0E-04 1.0E-03 1.0E-02 1.0E-01 1.0E+00 1.0E+01 1.0E+02 1.0E+03

th(j-a)

tP(s)

DPAK

Figure 8. Relative variation of static dV/dt

versus junction temperature

dV/dt [ Tj]/dV/dt[Tj=125 °C]

100

10

1

25 50 75 100 125

Tj(°C)

V

=540 V

OUT

Figure 5. Relative variation of thermal

impedance versus pulse duration
TO-220FPAB

K=[Zth/Rth]

1.00

Z

th(j-c)

Z

0.10

0.01

1.0E-04 1.0E-03 1.0E-02 1.0E-01 1.0E+00 1.0E+01 1.0E+02 1.0E+03

th(j-a)

tP(s)

TO-220FPAB

Figure 7. Relative variation of gate trigger,

holding and latching current versus
junction temperature

IGT,IH,IL[TJ]/IGT,IH,IL[Tj=25 °C]

2.8

2.6

2.4

2.2

2.0

1.8

1.6

1.4

1.2

1.0

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0.0

I

GT

IL& I

H

Tj(°C)

-40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130

Typical values

Figure 9. Relative variation of critical rate of

decrease of main current versus
reapplied dV/dt (typical values)

(dI/dt)c[(dV/dt)c] / Specified (dI/dt)

2.0

1.8

1.6

1.4

1.2

1.0

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0.0

0.1 1.0 10.0 100.0

c

(dV/dt)c(V/µs)

V

=300 V

OUT

4/13 Doc ID 13304 Rev 3

ACST2 Characteristics

Figure 10. Relative variation of critical rate of

decrease of main current versus

Figure 11. Surge peak on-state current versus

number of cycles

junction temperature

(dI/dt)c[Tj]/(dI/dt)c[Tj=125 °C]

20

18

16

14

12

10

8

6

4

2

0

25 50 75 100 125

Tj(°C)

V

=300 V

OUT

Figure 12. Non repetitive surge peak on-state

current and corresponding value

²

of I

t

I

(A), I²t (A²s)

TSM

100.0

10.0

1.0

sinusoidal pulse
with width t < 10 ms

0.1

0.01 0.10 1.00 10.00

P

tP(ms)

Tjinitial=25 °C

I

TSM

I²t

Figure 14. Thermal resistance junction to

ambient versus copper surface
under tab DPAK

R

(°C/W)

th(j-a)

100

90

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

printed circuit board FR4,
copper thickness = 35 µm

SCU(cm²)

DPAK

I

(A)

TSM

9

8

7

=110 °C

C

Non repetitive

T

initial=25 °C

j

Number of cycles

6

5

4

3

2

1

0

1 10 100 1000

Repetitive

T

t=20ms

One cycle

Figure 13. On-state characteristics (maximum

values)

ITM(A)

1.E+01

1.E+00

1.E-01

1.E-02

Tj=125 °C

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0

Tj=25 °C

VTM(V)

TJmax. :
V

= 0.90 V

TO

R

= 250 mW

D

Figure 15. Relative variation of clamping

voltage V

versus junction

CL

temperature

VCL[Tj]/VCL[Tj=25 °C]

1.20

1.15

1.10

1.05

1.00

0.95

0.90

0.85

-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140

Tj(°C)

Doc ID 13304 Rev 3 5/13

Application information ACST2

2 Application information

2.1 Typical application description

The ACST2 device has been designed to switch on and off highly inductive or resistive loads
such as pump, valve, fan, or bulb lamp. Thanks to its high sensitivity (I
ACST2 can be driven directly by logic level circuits through a resistor as shown on the
typical application diagram. Thanks to its thermal and turn-off commutation performances,
the ACST2 switch can drive, without any additional snubber, an inductive load up to 2 A.

Figure 16. AC induction motor control – typical diagram

Line

L

AC LOAD

AC Mains

R

ACST2

max = 10 mA), the

GT

Power supply

Rg

MCU

6/13 Doc ID 13304 Rev 3

ACST2 Application information

2.2 AC line transient voltage ruggedness

In comparison with standard Triacs, which are not robust against surge voltage, the ACST2
is self-protected against over-voltage, specified by the new parameter V
ACST2 is a sensitive device (I

= 10 ma), but provides a high noise immunity level againast

GT

fast transients. The ACST2 switch can safely withstand AC line transient voltages either by
clamping the low energy spikes, such as inductive spikes at switch off, or by switching to the
on state (for less than 10 ms) to dissipate higher energy shocks through the load. This safety
feature works even with high turn-on current ramp up.

The test circuit of Figure 17 represents the ACST2 application, and is used to stress the
ACST switch according to the IEC 61000-4-5 standard conditions. With the additional effect
of the load which is limiting the current, the ACST switch withstands the voltage spikes up to
2 kV on top of the peak line voltage. The protection is based on an overvoltage crowbar
technology. The ACST2 folds back safely to the on state as shown in Figure 18. The ACST2
recovers its blocking voltage capability after the surge and the next zero current crossing.
Such a non repetitive test can be done at least 10 times on each AC line voltage polarity.

Figure 17. Overvoltage ruggedness test circuit for resistive and inductive loads for

IEC 61000-4-5 standards

R = 20 , L = 10 µH,VPP= 2 kVΩ

. In addition, the

CL

A

C Mains

Filtering unit

Surge generator

2kV surge

Rgene

Model of the load

R

L

ACST210-8x

Rg

Doc ID 13304 Rev 3 7/13

Application information ACST2

Figure 18. Typical current and voltage waveforms across the ACST2 during

IEC 61000-4-5 standard test

V

peak=VCL

1.2/50 µs voltage surge

V

0

8/20 µs current surge

I

0

2.3 Electrical noise immunity

The ACST2 is a sensitive device (IGT = 10 mA) and can be controlled directly though a
simple resistor by a logic level circuit, and still provides a high electrical noise immunity. The
intrinsic immunity of the ACST2 is shown by the specified dV/dt equal to 500 V/µs @ 125 °C.
This immunity level is 5 to 10 times higher than the immunity provided by an equivalent
standard technology Triac with the same sensitivity. In other words, the ACST2 is sensitive,
but has an immunity usually available only for non-sensitive device (I

higher than 35 mA).

GT

8/13 Doc ID 13304 Rev 3

ACST2 Ordering information scheme

3 Ordering information scheme

Figure 19. Ordering information scheme

ACS T 2 10 - 8 B TR

AC switch

Topology

T = Triac

On-state rms current

2 = 2 A

Sensitivity

10 = 10 mA

Voltage

8 = 800 V

Package

FP = TO-220FPAB
B = DPAK

Delivery mode

TR = Tape and reel (DPAK)
Blank = Tube (TO-220FPAB, DPAK)

Doc ID 13304 Rev 3 9/13

Package information ACST2

4 Package information

● Epoxy meets UL94, V0

● Recommended torque (TO-220FPAB): 0.4 to 0.6 N·m

In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in different grades of
ECOPACK
specifications, grade definitions and product status are available at: www.st.com
ECOPACK

Table 6. TO-220FPAB dimensions

®

packages, depending on their level of environmental compliance. ECOPACK®

®

is an ST trademark.

.

Dimensions

Ref.

Millimeters Inches

Min. Max. Min. Max.

A 4.4 4.6 0.173 0.181

A

H

B

B 2.5 2.7 0.098 0.106

D 2.5 2.75 0.098 0.108

E 0.45 0.70 0.018 0.027

Dia

L6

L2

L3

L5

F1

L4

F2

F

G1

G

D

L7

E

F 0.75 1 0.030 0.039

F1 1.15 1.70 0.045 0.067

F2 1.15 1.70 0.045 0.067

G 4.95 5.20 0.195 0.205

G1 2.4 2.7 0.094 0.106

H 10 10.4 0.393 0.409

L2 16 Typ. 0.63 Typ.

L3 28.6 30.6 1.126 1.205

L4 9.8 10.6 0.386 0.417

L5 2.9 3.6 0.114 0.142

L6 15.9 16.4 0.626 0.646

L7 9.00 9.30 0.354 0.366

10/13 Doc ID 13304 Rev 3

Dia. 3.00 3.20 0.118 0.126

ACST2 Package information

Table 7. DPAK dimensions

Dimensions

E

B2

L2

H

L4

B

G

0.60 MIN.

A1

A2

V2

A

C2

R

D

R

C

Figure 20. Footprint (dimensions in mm)

Ref.

Millimeters Inches

Min. Max. Min. Max.

A 2.20 2.40 0.086 0.094

A1 0.90 1.10 0.035 0.043

A2 0.03 0.23 0.001 0.009

B 0.64 0.90 0.025 0.035

B2 5.20 5.40 0.204 0.212

C 0.45 0.60 0.017 0.023

C2 0.48 0.60 0.018 0.023

D 6.00 6.20 0.236 0.244

E 6.40 6.60 0.251 0.259

G 4.40 4.60 0.173 0.181

H 9.35 10.10 0.368 0.397

L2 0.80 typ. 0.031 typ.

L4 0.60 1.00 0.023 0.039

V2 0° 8° 0° 8°

6.7

6.7 3 3

1.6

2.3

2.3

1.6

Doc ID 13304 Rev 3 11/13

Ordering information ACST2

5 Ordering information

Table 8. Ordering information

Order code Marking Package Weight Base Qty Packing mode

ACST210-8FP

ACST210-8B DPAK 0.3g 50 Tube

ACST210-8B-TR DPAK 0.3g 2500 Tape and Reel

ACST2108

6 Revision history

Table 9. Document revision history

Date Revision Changes

01-Mar-2007 1 Initial release.

13-Apr-2010 2

01-Jul-2010 3 Updated Figure 19.

TO-220FPAB 2.4g 50 Tube

Updated ECOPACK statement. Reformatted for consistency with
other datasheets in this product class.

12/13 Doc ID 13304 Rev 3

ACST2

Please Read Carefully:

Information in this document is provided solely in connection with ST products. STMicroelectronics NV and its subsidiaries (“ST”) reserve the
right to make changes, corrections, modifications or improvements, to this document, and the products and services described herein at any
time, without notice.

All ST products are sold pursuant to ST’s terms and conditions of sale.

Purchasers are solely responsible for the choice, selection and use of the ST products and services described herein, and ST assumes no
liability whatsoever relating to the choice, selection or use of the ST products and services described herein.

No license, express or implied, by estoppel or otherwise, to any intellectual property rights is granted under this document. If any part of this
document refers to any third party products or services it shall not be deemed a license grant by ST for the use of such third party products
or services, or any intellectual property contained therein or considered as a warranty covering the use in any manner whatsoever of such
third party products or services or any intellectual property contained therein.

UNLESS OTHERWISE SET FORTH IN ST’S TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF SALE ST DISCLAIMS ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
WARRANTY WITH RESPECT TO THE USE AND/OR SALE OF ST PRODUCTS INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION IMPLIED
WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE (AND THEIR EQUIVALENTS UNDER THE LAWS
OF ANY JURISDICTION), OR INFRINGEMENT OF ANY PATENT, COPYRIGHT OR OTHER INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHT.

UNLESS EXPRESSLY APPROVED IN WRITING BY AN AUTHORIZED ST REPRESENTATIVE, ST PRODUCTS ARE NOT
RECOMMENDED, AUTHORIZED OR WARRANTED FOR USE IN MILITARY, AIR CRAFT, SPACE, LIFE SAVING, OR LIFE SUSTAINING
APPLICATIONS, NOR IN PRODUCTS OR SYSTEMS WHERE FAILURE OR MALFUNCTION MAY RESULT IN PERSONAL INJURY,
DEATH, OR SEVERE PROPERTY OR ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE. ST PRODUCTS WHICH ARE NOT SPECIFIED AS "AUTOMOTIVE
GRADE" MAY ONLY BE USED IN AUTOMOTIVE APPLICATIONS AT USER’S OWN RISK.

Resale of ST products with provisions different from the statements and/or technical features set forth in this document shall immediately void
any warranty granted by ST for the ST product or service described herein and shall not create or extend in any manner whatsoever, any
liability of ST.

ST and the ST logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of ST in various countries.

Information in this document supersedes and replaces all information previously supplied.

The ST logo is a registered trademark of STMicroelectronics. All other names are the property of their respective owners.

© 2010 STMicroelectronics - All rights reserved

STMicroelectronics group of companies

Australia - Belgium - Brazil - Canada - China - Czech Republic - Finland - France - Germany - Hong Kong - India - Israel - Italy - Japan -

Malaysia - Malta - Morocco - Philippines - Singapore - Spain - Sweden - Switzerland - United Kingdom - United States of America

www.st.com

Doc ID 13304 Rev 3 13/13