Datasheet ACS108 Datasheet (ST)

Overvoltage protected AC switch (ACS™)

COM

OUT

COM

G

COM

OUT

G

SOT-223
ACS108-6SN
ACS108-8SN

TO-92
ACS108-6SA
ACS108-8SA

OUT

COM

G

COM Common drive reference to connect

to the mains
OUT Output to connect to the load.
G Gate input to connect to the controller

through gate resistor

Features

■ Enables equipment to meet IEC 61000-4-5

surge with overvoltage crowbar technology

■ High noise immunity against static dV/dt and

IEC 61000-4-4 burst

■ Needs no external protection snubber or

varistor

■ Reduces component count by up to 80% and

Interfaces directly with the micro-controller

■ Common package tab connection supports

connection of several alternating current
switches on the same cooling pad

■ V

gives headroom before clamping then

CL

crowbar action

ACS108

Datasheet  production data

Applications

■ Alternating current on/off static switching in

Figure 1. Functional diagram

appliances and industrial control systems

■ Driving low power high inductive or resistive

loads like:
– relay, valve, solenoid, dispenser,
– pump, fan, low power motor, door lock
–lamp

Description

The ACS108 belongs to the AC switch range (built
with A. S. D.
switch can control a load of up to 0.8 A. The
ACS108 switch includes an overvoltage crowbar
structure to absorb the inductive turn-off energy,
and a gate level shifter driver to separate the
digital controller from the main switch. It is
triggered with a negative gate current flowing out
of the gate pin.

July 2012 Doc ID 6518 Rev 3 1/13

This is information on a product in full production.

®

technology). This high performance

Table 1. Device summary

Symbol Value Unit

I

T(RMS)

, V

V

DRM

RRM

I

GT

®: A.S.D. is a registered trademark of STMicroelectronics

TM: ACS is a trademark of STMicroelectronics

0.8 A

600 and 800 V

10 mA

www.st.com

13

Characteristics ACS108

1 Characteristics

Table 2. Absolute maximum ratings (T

= 25 °C, unless otherwise specified)

amb

Symbol Parameter Value Unit

T

= 64 °C 0.45 A

TO-92

I

T(RMS)

On-state rms current (full sine wave)

SOT-223
S = 5 cm

I

TSM

dI/dt

V

I

V

P

G(AV)

T

1. According to test described by IEC 61000-4-5 standard and Figure 18

Table 3. Electrical characteristics (Tj = 25 °C, unless otherwise specified)

Non repetitive surge peak on-state current
(full cycle sine wave, Tj initial = 25 °C)

2

t I²t Value for fusing tp = 10 ms 1.1 A2s

I

Critical rate of rise of on-state current
I

= 2xIGT, tr  100 ns

G

Non repetitive mains peak mains voltage

PP

Peak gate current tp = 20 µs Tj = 125 °C 1 A

GM

Peak positive gate voltage Tj = 125 °C 10 V

GM

(1)

Average gate power dissipation Tj = 125 °C 0.1 W

Storage junction temperature range

stg

T

Operating junction temperature range

j

F = 60 Hz t = 16.7 ms 13.7

F = 50 Hz t = 20 ms 13

F = 120 Hz T

amb

T

= 76 °C

lead

T

= 76 °C

amb

2

= 104 °C

T

tab

= 125 °C 100 A/µs

j

-40 to +150

-30 to +125

0.8 A

2kV

A

°C

Symbol Test conditions Quadrant Value Unit

(1)

I

GT

V

GT

V

GD

I

H

I

L

dV/dt

V

OUT

V

OUT

I

= 100 mA Max. 10 mA

OUT

IG = 1.2 x I

V

OUT

V

OUT

= 12 V, RL = 33 

= V

, RL = 3.3 kTj = 125 °C II - III Min. 0.15 V

DRM

GT

= 402 V, gate open, Tj = 125 °C Min. 2000 V/µs

= 536 V, gate open, Tj = 125 °C Min. 400 V/µs

(dI/dt)c Without snubber (15 V/µs), T

= 125 °C, turn-off time  20 ms Min. 2 A/ms

j

II - III Max. 10 mA

II - III Max. 1 V

Max. 25 mA

ICL = 0.1 mA, tp = 1 ms, ACS108-6 Min. 650 V

V

CL

1. Minimum IGT is guaranteed at 10% of IGT max

= 0.1 mA, tp = 1 ms, ACS108-8 Min. 850 V

I

CL

2/13 Doc ID 6518 Rev 3

ACS108 Characteristics

P (W)

0.0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8

α = 180°

I (A)

T(RMS)

180°

I (A)

T(RMS)

0.0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

0 25 50 75 100 125

α =180°

SOT-223

T°C

C

Table 4. Static electrical characteristics

Symbol Parameter and test conditions Value Unit

(1)

V

I

TM

V

R

I

DRM

I

RRM

(1)

t0

(1)

D

= 1.1 A, tp = 500 µs Tj = 25 °C Max. 1.3 V

TM

Threshold voltage Tj = 125 °C Max. 0.85 V

Dynamic resistance T

V

OUT

= V

DRM

= V

RRM

= 125 °C Max. 300 m

j

Tj = 25 °C

2µA

Max.

= 125 °C 0.2 mA

T

j

1. For both polarities of OUT referenced to COM

Table 5. Thermal resistance

Symbol Parameter Value Unit

R

R

th (j-l)

th (j-t)

Junction to lead (AC) TO-92 Max. 60

Junction to tab (AC) SOT-223 Max. 25

°C/W

TO-92 Max. 150

R

th (j-a)

Figure 2. Maximum power dissipation versus

Junction to ambient

on-state rms current

S = 5 cm² SOT-223 Max. 60

Figure 3. On-state rms current versus case

temperature (SOT223)

Doc ID 6518 Rev 3 3/13

Characteristics ACS108

I (A)

T(RMS)

0.0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

0 25 50 75 100 125

Single layer Printed

circuit board FR4

Natural convection

TO-9 2

SOT-223

α =180°

T°C

C

K=[Z

th(j-a)/Rth(j-a)

]

0.01

0.10

1.00

1.0E-03 1.0E-02 1.0E-01 1.0E+00 1.0E+01 1.0E+02 1.0E+03

Z

th(j-a)

SOT-223

Copper surface

area = 5cm²

TO-9 2

SOT-223

t (s)

P

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

-50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125

IH,IL[Tj]/IH,IL[Tj=25 °C]

I

H

I

L

Tj(°C)

IGT,VGT[Tj]/IGT,VGT,[Tj=25 °C]

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

-50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125

IGTQ2

VGTQ2-Q3

IGTQ3

Tj(°C)

I

TSM

(A)

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

1 10 100 1000

Non repetitive
T

j

initial=25 °C

TO- 92
Repetitive
T

lead

= 76

°

C

SOT-223

Repetitive

T

tab

= 104°C

One cycle

t=20ms

Number of cycles

I

TSM

(A), I²t (A²s)

1.E-01

1.E+00

1.E+01

1.E+02

1.E+03

0.01 0.10 1.00 10.00

I

TSM

I²t

Sinusoidal pulse,
tp< 10 ms
Tjinitial = 25 °C

(ms)t

p

Figure 4. On-state rms current versus

ambient temperature
(free air convection)

Figure 6. Relative variation of holding and

latching current versus junction
temperature

Figure 5. Relative variation of thermal

impedance junction to ambient
versus pulse duration

Figure 7. Relative variation of IGT and VGT

versus junction temperature

Figure 8. Surge peak on-state current versus

number of cycles

4/13 Doc ID 6518 Rev 3

Figure 9. Non repetitive surge peak on-state

current for a sinusoidal pulse, and
corresponding value of I²t

ACS108 Characteristics

I

TM

(A)

0.10

1.00

10.00

100.00

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5

Tjmax.:

V

to

= 0.85 V

R

d

= 300 m0

Tj=25 °C

Tj=125 °C

VTM(V)

(dI/dt) [T ] / (dI/dt) [T =125 °C]

cc

jj

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

25 35 45 55 65 75 85 95 105 115 125

T (°C)

j

dV/dt [ T

j

]/dV/dt[T

j

=125°C]

0

1

2

3

4

5

25 50 75 100 125

VD=VR=536V

Tj(°C)

1.0E-03

1.0E-02

1.0E-01

1.0E+00

25 50 75 100 125

I

DRM/IRRM

[Tj;V

DRM/VRRM

]/I

DRM/IRRM

[Tj=125°C;800V]

V

DRM=VRRM

=600 V

V

DRM=VRRM

=800 V

Tj(°C)

(dI/dt)

c

[(dV/dt)

c

] / Specified(dI/dt)

c

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

4.5

5.0

0.1 1.0 10.0 100.0

Tj =125 °C

(dV/dt)c(V/µs)

R

th(j-a)

(°C/W)

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0

SOT-223

SCU(cm²)

Printed circuit board FR4
copper thickness = 35 µm

Figure 10. On-state characteristics (maximal

values)

Figure 12. Relative variation of static dV/dt

immunity versus junction
temperature

(1)

Figure 11. Relative variation of critical rate of

decrease of main current versus
junction temperature

Figure 13. Relative variation of leakage

current versus junction
temperature

1. VD = VR = 402 V: Typical values above 5 kV/µs. Beyond equipment capability

Figure 14. Relative variation of critical rate of

decrease of main current (di/dt)c
versus (dV/dt)c

Figure 15. Thermal resistance junction to

ambient versus copper surface
under tab (SOT-223)

Doc ID 6518 Rev 3 5/13

Alternating current mains switch - basic application ACS108

AC Mains

ACS108

Valve

Power supply

MCU

V

dd

V

ss

Rg

220 Ω

I

T

V

T

2 Alternating current mains switch - basic application

The ACS108 switch is triggered by a negative gate current flowing from the gate pin G. The
switch can be driven directly by the digital controller through a resistor as shown in

Figure 16.

Thanks to its overvoltage protection and turn-off commutation performance, the ACS108
switch can drive a small power high inductive load with neither varistor nor additional turn-off
snubber.

Figure 16. Typical application schematic

2.1 Protection against overvoltage: the best choice is ACS

In comparison with standard Triacs the ACS108 is over-voltage self-protected, as specified
by the new parameter V
off of very inductive load, and in case of surge voltage that can occur on the electrical
network.

2.1.1 High inductive load switch-off: turn-off overvoltage clamping

With high inductive and low RMS current loads the rate of decrease of the current is very
low. An overvoltage can occur when the gate current is removed and the OUT current is
lower than I

As shown in Figure 17, at the end of the last conduction half-cycle, the load current
decreases ➀. The load current reaches the holding current level I
➂. The water valve, as an inductive load (up to 15 H), reacts as a current generator and an
overvoltage is created, which is clamped by the ACS ➃. The current flows through the ACS
avalanche and decreases linearly to zero. During this time, the voltage across the switch is
limited to the clamping voltage V
dissipated in the clamping section that is designed for this purpose. When the energy has
been dissipated, the ACS voltage falls back to the mains voltage value (230 V rms, 50 Hz)➄.

.

H

. This feature is useful in two operating conditions: in case of turn-

CL

➁, and the ACS turns off

H

. The energy stored in the inductance of the load is

CL

6/13 Doc ID 6518 Rev 3

ACS108 Alternating current mains switch - basic application

1

2

3

4

5

I

H

V

CL

100 µs/div

I

(5 mA/div)

T

V

(200 V/div)

T

I

H

V

CL

V

I

1

2

3

4

5

I

H

V

CL

V

T

I

T

1

2

3

4

5

Load

220 Ω

ACS108

150 Ω

5 µH

+2 kV surge

generator

C

C

OUT

G

COM

Mains
voltage
230 V rms
50 Hz

I

T

V

T

Figure 17. Switching off of a high inductive load - typical clamping capability of

ACS108 (T

amb

= 25 °C)

2.1.2 Alternating current mains transient voltage ruggedness

The ACS108 switch is able to withstand safely the AC mains transients either by clamping
the low energy spikes or by breaking-over when subjected to high energy shocks, even with
high turn-on current rises.

The test circuit shown in Figure 18 is representative of the final ACS108 application, and is
also used to test the AC switch according to the IEC 61000-4-5 standard conditions. Thanks
to the load limiting the current, the ACS108 switch withstands the voltage spikes up to 2 kV
above the peak mains voltage. The protection is based on an overvoltage crowbar
technology. Actually, the ACS108 breaks over safely as shown in Figure 19. The ACS108
recovers its blocking voltage capability after the surge (switch off back at the next zero
crossing of the current).

Such non-repetitive tests can be done 10 times on each AC mains voltage polarity.

Figure 18. Overvoltage ruggedness test circuit for resistive and inductive loads,

T

= 25 °C (conditions equivalent to IEC 61000-4-5 standard)

amb

Doc ID 6518 Rev 3 7/13

Alternating current mains switch - basic application ACS108

IT(4 A/div)

V

T

(200 V/div)

I

T max

= 17.2 A

dIT/dt = 1.8 A/µs

500 ns/div

Figure 19. Typical current and voltage waveforms across the ACS108 (+2 kV surge,

IEC 61000-4-5 standard)

8/13 Doc ID 6518 Rev 3

ACS108 Ordering information scheme

ACS 1 08 - 6 S A -TR

AC switch series

Number of switches

Current

Voltage

Sensitivity

Package

Packing

08 = 0.8 A rms

6 = 600 V
8 = 800 V

S = 10 mA

A = TO-92
N = SOT-223

TR = Tape and reel 7” (SOT-223, 1000 pieces) 13” (TO-92, 2000 pieces)
AP = Ammopack (TO-92, 2000 pieces)
Blank = (TO-92, 2500 pieces)bulk

3 Ordering information scheme

Figure 20. Ordering information scheme

Doc ID 6518 Rev 3 9/13

Package information ACS108

A

F

C

B

a

DE

4 Package information

● Epoxy meets UL94, V0

● Lead-free packages

In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in different grades of
ECOPACK
specifications, grade definitions and product status are available at: www.st.com
ECOPACK

Table 6. TO-92 dimensions

®

packages, depending on their level of environmental compliance. ECOPACK®

®

is an ST trademark.

.

Dimensions

Ref

Millimeters Inches

Min. Typ. Max. Min. Typ. Max.

A1.35 0.053

B 4.70 0.185

C2.54 0.100

D 4.40 0.173

E 12.70 0.500

F 3.70 0.146

a 0.50 0.019

10/13 Doc ID 6518 Rev 3

ACS108 Package information

A

A1

e1

D

B1

H

E

e

1243

B

V

c

3.25

1.32

7.80

5.16

1.32

2.30 0.95

Table 7. SOT-223 dimensions

Dimensions

Ref.

Millimeters Inches

Min. Typ. Max. Min. Typ. Max.

A1.800.071

A1 0.02 0.10 0.001 0.004

B 0.60 0.70 0.85 0.024 0.027 0.033

B1 2.90 3.00 3.15 0.114 0.118 0.124

c 0.24 0.26 0.35 0.009 0.010 0.014

(1)

6.30 6.50 6.70 0.248 0.256 0.264

D

e 2.3 0.090

e1 4.6 0.181

(1)

3.30 3.50 3.70 0.130 0.138 0.146

E

H 6.70 7.00 7.30 0.264 0.276 0.287

V 10° max

1. Do not include mold flash or protrusions. Mold flash or protrusions shall not exceed 0.15mm (0.006inches)

Figure 21. SOT-223 footprint (dimensions in mm)

Doc ID 6518 Rev 3 11/13

Ordering information ACS108

5 Ordering information

Table 8. Ordering information

Order code Marking Package Weight Base Qty Delivery mode

ACS108-6SA

ACS108-6SA-TR TO-92 0.2 g 2000 Tape and reel

ACS108-6SA-AP TO-92 0.2 g 2000 Ammopack

ACS108-6SN-TR ACS 108 6SN SOT-223 0.11 g 1000 Tape and reel

ACS108-8SA

ACS108-8SA-TR TO-92 0.2 g 2000 Tape and reel

ACS108-8SA-AP TO-92 0.2 g 2000 Ammopack

ACS108-8SN-TR ACS 108 8SN SOT-223 0.11 g 1000 Tape and reel

ACS1 086SA

ACS1 088SA

6 Revision history

04

Table 9. Document revision history

Date Revision Changes

Apr_2004 1

21-Jun-2005 2 Marking information updated from ACSxxxx to ACS1xxx.

11-Jul-2012 3 Removed 500 V devices and added 600 V and 800 V devices.

TO-92 0.2 g 2500 Bulk

TO-92 0.2 g 2500 Bulk

Initial release. This datasheet covers order codes previously
described in the datasheet for ACS108-6S, Doc ID 11962, Rev 3
December 2010.

12/13 Doc ID 6518 Rev 3

ACS108

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Doc ID 6518 Rev 3 13/13