Spicer Single Speed Axle User Manual
Spicer® Single Speed Axle
Service Manual
Spicer® 70HD, 276, 80, 286
AXSM-0053
April 2001
INDEX
SECTION 1
GENERAL INFORMATION
PAGE
Important Safety Notice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
Safety Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2
Axle Identification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
Servicing Components Not Covered In This Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
Vehicle Storage or Prolonged Inoperation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
Exploded View of Axle Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
Parts Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
SECTION 2
SERVICE TOOLS
Procurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1
Service Tool Part Numbers and Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1
SECTION 3
CARRIER SECTION - SERVICE PROCEDURES
Disassembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1
Ring Gear Removal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
Servicing Standard Differential Case Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
Case Disassembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
Case Reassembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3
Drive Pinion Removal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4
Ring Gear & Pinion Gear Assembly (Theory) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5
Establishing Pinion Gear Depth Using Service Tool Gages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6
Assembly of Differential . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1
Worksheet for Calculating Ring Gear Backlash & Differential
Bearing Preload Shims . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-13
Applying RTV Silicone Gasket Sealer to Cover Plate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-15
SECTION 4
SPECIFICATIONS
Differential Lubrication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-l
Axle Lubricant Change Schedule . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1
i
Wheel Bearing Lubrication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1
Submersion or Deep Water Fording . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1
RTV Silicone Rubber Sealer Specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2
Fastener Strength Identification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2
Wrench Tightening Torque Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
Pinion Bearing and Differential Bearing Preload Specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
Backlash Specification-Drive Gear to Drive Pinion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
Drive Pinion Gear Depth Specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
Wheel Bearing Specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
ii
SECTION 1
GENERAL INFORMATION
IMPORTANT SAFETY NOTICE
Should an axle assembly require component parts replacement, it is recommended that “Original Equipment” replacement parts be used. They may be obtained through your local service dealer or other original
equipment manufacturer parts supplier. CAUTION: THE USE OF NON-ORIGINAL EQUIPMENT REPLACEMENT
PARTS IS NOT RECOMMENDED AS THEIR USE MAY CAUSE UNIT FAILURE AND/ OR AFFECT VEHICLE SAFETY.
Proper service and repair is important to the safe, reliable operation of all motor vehicles or driving axles
whether they be front or rear. The service procedures recommended and described in this service manual are
effective methods for performing service operations. Some of these service operations require the use of tools
specially designed for the purpose. The special tool should be used when and as recommended.
CAUTION: EXTREME CARE SHOULD BE EXERCISED WHEN WORKING ON COMPO- NENTS UTILIZING
SNAP RINGS OR SPRING LOADED RETENTION DEVICES. FOR PERSONAL SAFETY, IT IS RECOMMENDED
THAT INDUSTRIAL STRENGTH SAFETY GOGGLES OR GLASSES BE WORN WHENEVER REPAIR WORK IS
BEING DONE ON ANY VEHICLE OR VEHICLE COMPONENTS.
It is impossible to know, evaluate and advise the service trade of all conceivable ways in which service
might be done or of the possible hazardous consequences of each way.
Accordingly, anyone who uses a service procedure or tool which is not recommended must first satisfy
himself thoroughly that neither his safety or vehicle safety will be jeopardized by the service methods he
selects.
WARNING
Some vehicle manufacturers may require the assembly of brake components on Dana axles that utilize
materials containing asbestos fibers.
BREATHING ASBESTOS DUST MAY BE HAZARDOUS TO YOUR HEALTH AND MAY CAUSE SERIOUS
RESPIRATORY OR OTHER BODILY HARM.
Follow O.S.H.A. standards for proper protective devices to be used when working with asbestos materials.
SILICONE RUBBER SEALANT (RTV) AND LUBRICATING GREASE AND OILS
Silicone rubber sealant is used as a gasket material on Dana axles, as well as various lubricants for
lubricating purposes. Before using any of these materials, one should become familiar with and follow all
safety precautions as recommended by the product manufacturer/supplier. All personnel involved with these
materials should follow good industrial hygiene practices (e.g. before eating, hands and face should be
thoroughly washed. Eating, drinking and smoking should be prohibited in areas where there is potential for
significant exposure to these materials).
When discarding any of the materials, observe all local, state, and federal laws and regulations for proper
disposal procedures.
1-1
Safety Precautions
This symbol warns of possible personal injury.
A serious or fatal injury can
occur . . .
• if you lack proper training
• if you fail to follow proper
procedures
• if you do not use proper
tools and safety equipment
• if you assemble components
improperly
• if you use incompatible
components
• if you use worn-out or
damaged components
• if you use components
in a non-approved
application
SAFETY GLASSES SHOULD BE WORN AT ALL
TIMES WHEN WORKING ON VEHICLES OR
VEHICLE COMPONENTS.
1-2
AXLE IDENTIFICATION
Figure 1-1
Spicer axles are identified with a manufacturing date and complete part numbers stamped on the righthand tube. The part number may also appear on a metal tag attached to the cover plate by the cover screws,
depending upon the requirements of the vehicle manufacturer.
The part number, consisting of six digits reading from left to right, is the basic number for identifying the
particular axle assembly. The seventh digit following the dash will identify ratio, differential, and end yoke
options used in the assembly. The next group of numbers is the manufacturing date of the axle and is interpreted as follows. The first number is the month, the second number is the day of the month, the third number
is the year, the fourth is the line that built the axle, and the letter is the shift.
NOTE
It is recommended that when referring to the axle, the complete part number and build date be ob-
tained. To do this, it may be necessary to wipe or scrape off dirt, etc., from the axle housing.
If the axle is unique on design such that the unit cannot be identified in the standard manner as de-
scribed above, refer to the vehicle manufacturer’s service and/or parts manual for proper identification.
SERVICING COMPONENTS NOT COVERED
IN THIS MANUAL
Service procedures for some components may not be covered in this manual because they are unique to
the vehicle application. Refer to the vehicle manufacturer’s service manual for servicing those components.
(e.g. brakes, hubs, rotors, and wheel end components).
VEHICLE STORAGE OR PROLONGED INOPERATION
If the vehicle has not been operated on a regular daily basis, it is recommended that the vehicle be operated at least once every two weeks. The vehicle should be moved far enough to cause the drivetrain components to make several complete revolutions. This procedure will help assure that all internal components
receive adequate amount of lubrication to help reduce component deterioration caused by an undesirable
environment (e.g. high humidity).
1-3
EXPLODED VIEW OF AXLE ASSEMBLY
Figure 1-2
The model 80 single-speed axle assembly is an integral-type housing. Shown in figure 1-2 is a Model 80
full-float design.
Item Part Description
1 Ring Gear and Drive Pinion Assembly
2 Inner Pinion Bearing Cone
3 Inner Pinion Bearing Cup
4 Pinion Position Shims
5 Pinion Bearing Preload Shims
6 Outer Pinion Bearing Cup
7 Outer Pinion Bearing Cone
8 Thrust Washer
9 Pinion Seal
10 End Yoke and Flinger Assembly
11 Washer
12 Nut
13 Shipping Plug (Shipping purposes only
Removed by vehicle manufacturer)
14 Side Gear Thrust Washer
15 Pinion Mate Gear Thrust Washer
16 Differential Side Gear
17 Differential Pinion Mate Gear
18 Differential Pinion Mate Shaft
19 Differential Outboard Spacer
20 Differential Bearing Cup
Item Part Description
21 Differential Bearing Cone
22 Differential Bearing Preload and
Backlash Shims
23 Ring Gear Screw
24 Differential Case
25 Roll Pin (Pinion Mate Shaft)
26 RTV Sealant
*27 Identification Tag
28 Pill Plug
29 Cover Plate
30 Cover Screw
31 Brake Line Clip
32 Differential Bearing Cap Screw
33 Housing
**34 Differential Bearing Cap
35 Gasket-Axle Shaft Flange
36 Axle Shaft
37 Screw - Axle Shaft Flange
*Specified by vehicle manufacturer.
**Differential bearing caps are part of the housing and
cannot be serviced separately.
1-4
SECTION 2
SERVICE TOOLS
PROCUREMENT
Throughout the manual reference is made to certain tool numbers whenever special tools are required.
These tool numbers
are numbers of Miller Special Tools, 326 15 Park Lane. Garden City, MI 48135. They are used herein for
customer convenience only. Dana makes no warranty or representation to these tools.
Miller Tool Number Description
2 Jaw Puller
DD-914-8 Adapter Ring
DD-914-99 Adapters
DD-914-95 Adapters
D-115 Arbor*
C-4308 Bearing Cup Installer
C-4204 Bearing Cup Installer*
D-4308 Bearing Cup Installer
D-389 Bearing Installer
DD-914-42 Button
DD-914-42 Button
C-3339 Dial Indicator Set
W-129-B Differential Spreader
6776 Dummy Differential Bearing Set*
DD-914-7 Extension
C-4171 Handle
C-1490 Installer
Long Handle break-over bar (wrench)
D-159
6775 Pinion Bearing Cup Remover
D-191 Pinion Height Set*
DD-914 Pinion Yoke Installer
DD-914-P Press
D115-2, 6739 Press
8152 Scooter Gage**
D-131 Slide Hammer
Torque Multiplier***
Torque Wrench
6719 Yoke Holder
* Gage set for setting differential bearing preload , gear backlash, and pinion position.
** Consist of D-106-5 dial indicator and D-115-2 Scooter Block.
*** The Torque Multiplier increases torque (4 to 1) by means of gear ratio:
2-1
1
/2" drive (female), 1/4" drive (male).
NOTES
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