Spellman PMX Instruction Manual

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Page 1

PMX

Instruction Manual

MODEL : SERIAL# : DATE :

SPELLMAN HIGH VOLTAGE ELECTRONICS CORPORATION

475 Wireless Blvd. Hauppauge, New York, 11788

+1(631) 630-3000*FAX: +1(631) 435-1620* E-mail: sales@spellmanhv.com Website: www.spellmanhv.com

High Voltage Power Supply

PMX MANUAL 118163-001 Rev A

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IMPORTANT SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

SAFETY

THIS POWER SUPPLY GENERATES VOLTAGES THAT ARE DANGEROUS AND MAY BE FATAL.

OBSERVE EXTREME CAUTION WHEN WORKING WITH THIS EQUIPMENT.

High voltage power supplies must always be grounded.

Do not touch connections unless the equipment is off and the

Capacitance of both the load and power supply is discharged.

Allow five minutes for discharge of internal capacitance of the power supply.

Do not ground yourself or work under wet or damp conditions.

SERVICING SAFETY

Maintenance may require removing the instrument cover with the power on.

Servicing should be done by qualified personnel aware of the electrical hazards.

WARNING note in the text call attention to hazards in operation of these units

that could lead to possible injury or death.

CAUTION notes in the text indicate procedures to be followed to avoid possible

damage to equipment.

This information contained in this publication is derived in part from proprietary and patent data. This information has

been prepared for the express purpose of assisting operating and maintenance personnel in the efficient use of the

model described herein, and publication of this information does not convey any right to reproduce it or to use it for

any purpose other than in connection with installation, operation, and maintenance of the equipment described.

118004-001 REV. B

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WICHTIGE SICHERHEITSHINWEISE

SICHERHEIT

DIESES HOCHSPANNUNGSNETZTEIL ERZEUGT LEBENSGEFÄHRLICHE HOCHSPANNUNG.

SEIN SIE SEHR VORSICHTIG BEI DER ARBEIT MIT DIESEM GERÄT.

Das Hochspannungsnetzteil muß immer geerdet sein.

Berühren Sie die Stecker des Netzteiles nur, wenn das Gerät ausgeschaltet ist und die elektrischen

Kapazitäten des Netzteiles und der angeschlossenen Last entladen sind.

Die internen Kapazitäten des Hochspannungsnetzteiles benötigen ca. 5 Minuten, um sich zu entladen.

Erden Sie sich nicht, und arbeiten Sie nicht in feuchter oder nasser Umgebung.

SERVICESICHERHEIT

Notwendige Reparaturen können es erforderlich machen, den Gehäusedeckel während des Betriebes zu

entfernen.

Reparaturen dürfen nur von qualifiziertem, eingewiesenem Personal ausgeführt werden.

“WARNING” im folgenden Text weist auf gefährliche Operationen hin, die zu Verletzungen oder zum Tod

führen können.

“CAUTION” im folgenden Text weist auf Prozeduren hin, die genauestens befolgt werden müssen, um

eventuelle Beschädigungen des Gerätes zu vermeiden.

118004-001 REV. B

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PRECAUTIONS IMPORTANTES POUR VOTRE SECURITE

CONSIGNES DE SÉCURITÉ

CETTE ALIMENTATION GÉNÈRE DES TENSIONS QUI SONT DANGEUREUSES ET PEUVENT ÊTRE FATALES.

OYEZ EXTRÊMENT VIGILANTS LORSQUE VOUS UTILISEZ CET ÉQUIPEMENT.

Les alimentations haute tension doivent toujours être mises à la masse.

Ne touchez pas les connectiques sans que l’équipement soit éteint et que la capacité à la fois de la charge et de

l’alimentation soient déchargées.

Prévoyez 5 minutes pour la décharge de la capacité interne de l’alimentation.

Ne vous mettez pas à la masse, ou ne travaillez pas sous conditions mouillées ou humides.

CONSIGNES DE SÉCURITÉ EN CAS DE REPARATION

La maintenance peut nécessiter l’enlèvement du couvercle lorsque l’alimentation est encore allumée.

Les réparations doivent être effectuées par une personne qualifiée et connaissant les risques électriques.

Dans le manuel, les notes marquées « WARNING » attire l’attention sur les risques lors de la manipulation de ces

équipements, qui peuvent entrainer de possibles blessures voire la mort.

Dans le manuel, les notes marquées « CAUTION » indiquent les procédures qui doivent être suivies afin d’éviter

d’éventuels dommages sur l’équipement.

118004-001 REV. B

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IMPORTANTI PRECAUZIONI DI SICUREZZA

SICUREZZA

QUESTO ALIMENTATORE GENERA TENSIONI CHE SONO PERICOLOSE E

POTREBBERO ESSERE MORTALI.

PONI ESTREMA CAUTELA QUANDO OPERI CON QUESO APPARECCHIO.

Gli alimentatori ad alta tensione devono sempre essere collegati ad un impianto di terra.

Non toccare le connessioni a meno che l’apparecchio sia stato spento e la capacità interna

del carico e dell’alimentatore stesso siano scariche.

Attendere cinque minuti per permettere la scarica della capacità interna dell’alimentatore

ad alta tensione.

Non mettere a terra il proprio corpo oppure operare in ambienti bagnati o saturi d’umidità.

SICUREZZA NELLA MANUTENZIONE.

Manutenzione potrebbe essere richiesta, rimuovendo la copertura con apparecchio

acceso.

La manutenzione deve essere svolta da personale qualificato, coscio dei rischi elettrici.

Attenzione alle AVVERTENZE contenute nel manuale, che richiamano all’attenzione ai

rischi quando si opera con tali unità e che potrebbero causare possibili ferite o morte.

Le note di CAUTELA contenute nel manuale, indicano le procedure da seguire per evitare

possibili danni all’apparecchio.

118004-001 REV. B

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Contents

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION ....................................................2

1.1 PMX DESCRIPTION...............................................2

1.1.1 Power Supply Requirements ................................3

1.1.2 Environment Requirements ..................................4

1.2 THEORY OF OPERATION ....................................4

1.2.1 Function Overview ...............................................4

1.2.2 Line Rectification and Filterin g ...........................4

1.2.3 Inverter .................................................................4

1.2.4 High Voltage Transformer ...................................4

1.2.5 High Voltage Assembly ........................................4

1.2.6 System Control PWB ............................................4

1.2.7 Filament Power Supply ........................................5

1.2.8 High Speed Starter ...............................................6

1.3 SAFETY ...................................................................7

1.3.1 Safety and Warning Symbols ................................7

CHAPTER 2 INSTALLATION .....................................................8

2.1 INTRODUCTION ....................................................8

2.2 UNPACKING ..........................................................8

2.3 OVERALL CONNECTIONS ............................................8

2.4 POWER LINE MAINS .......................................... 10

2.5 Cable connection illustration ............................. 10

2.5.1 HV Cable Connection ........................................ 10

2.5.2 Stator Cable Connection .................................... 11

2.5.3 Filament Driver Cable Connection .................... 11

2.6 MULTI INTERFACE CABLE CONNECTIONS .. 12

2.6.1 Pin Layout of the Multi interface ....................... 12

2.7 INTERLOCK CONNECTIONS ...................................... 14

2.8 TUBE CURRENT MONITOR CONNECTION................. 14

2.9 GROUND CONNECTION .................................... 14

2.9.1 X-Ray Tube Housing Ground ............................. 14

2.9.2 Chassis Ground .................................................. 15

2.10 FINAL CHECKS .................................................... 15

2.11 GUI SOFTWARE .................................................. 15

CHAPTER 3 ........................................................................... 17

INTERFACING ........................................................................ 17

3.2 MULTI INTERFACE............................................. 17

3.2.1 Connector Style and Pin Layout ........................ 17

3.2.2 Serial Communication Interface ........................ 18

3.2.3 Digital I/O Control Inte rface ............................. 19

3.2.4 Remote Status Interface ..................................... 20

3.2.5 Remote Monitoring Interface ............................. 22

3.3 ETHERNET INTE RFACE ............................................. 22

CHAPTER 4 CONFIGURATION, CAL IBRATION AND

OPERATION .......................................................................... 23

4.1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................ 23

4.2 TUBE PREHEAT TABLE CONFIGURATION .................. 23

4.3 FILAMENT AU TO -CALIBRATION ............................... 25

4.4 OPERATING X-RAY EXPOSURES ............................... 26

4.4.1 Normal Exposure ............................................... 26

4.4.2 AEC Exposure .................................................... 28

4.4.3 Smart AEC Exposure ......................................... 29

CHAPTER 5 ........................................................................... 32

TROUBLE SHOOTING ............................................................ 32

5.1 INTRODUCTION ................................................. 32

5.2 STATUS AND ERROR CODES ........................... 32

5.2.1 Status Messages ................................................. 32

5.2.2 Faults Messages ................................................ 33

CHAPTER 6 ....................................................................... 39

MAINTENANCE ............................................................... 39

6.1 INTRODUCTION ................................................. 39

6.2 PERFORMANCE TEST ............................................... 39

6.3 HIGH VOLTAGE D IVIDER S ........................................ 39

CHAPTER 7 ....................................................................... 40

REPLACEMENT PARTS .................................................. 40

CHAPTER 8 ....................................................................... 41

FACTORY SERVICE ........................................................ 41

PMX MANUAL 1 118164-001 REV. A

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CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 PMX DESCRIPTION

Spellman’s PMX redefines the standard for high performance Mam mography X-Ray generator s including FFDM and DBT. It features 2 and 3 point exposure modes as well as smart AEC with pre exposure.

The 50kV @ 5kW (peak) high voltage output coupled with a dual focal spot, DC current source filament power supply provides stable and accurate X-Ray tube emission currents. The solid encapsulated high voltage output section eliminates oil concerns while reducing effects of environmental humidity and contamination.

PMX’s flexible interfacing and controlling capabilities as well as powerful application features represent a radically new advanced approach to mammography X-Ray generators.

PMX MANUAL 2 118164-001 REV. A

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1.1.1 Power Supply Requirements Single Phase

Line Voltage 200Vac-240Vac, +/-10%, 1 Phase, 35 Amps Line Frequency 50/60 Hz. In Rush Current 50 Amps, Maximum Standby Current 1 Amp

WARNING: The PMX generator can provide power that can damage the X-Ray tube. The user is

responsible for limiting the maximum exposure values to within the ratings of the X-Ray tube. Spellman is not liable for any damage to the X-Ray tube by the misuse of the PMX X-Ray generator.

The following table defines the power line requirements for the generators.

NOTE: THE FOLLOWING TABLE CONTAINS RECOMMENDED VALUES FOR THE WIRE SIZES

BETWEEN THE MAINS DISCONNECT AND THE GENERATOR. THE ACTUAL VALUES USED AT AN INSTALLATION ARE DEPENDENT ON THE QUALITY OF THE INPUT LINE (VOLTAGE LEVEL) THE CURRENT REQUIREMENTS AND THE LENGTH OF THE CABLE RUN AND MUST BE CONFIRMED BY THE INSTALLER.

ALL THE RATINGS LISTED CONSIDER THE GENERATOR REQUIREMENTS ONLY. THE INSTALLER MUST MAKE THE NECESSARY COMPENSATION FOR ADDITIONAL LOAD REQUIREMENTS

A POOR QUALITY INPUT LINE MAY RESULT IN THE INSTALLER HAVING TO DERATE THE GENERATOR'S MAXIMUM POWER

Mains

Voltage

220 Vac

Minimum

Recommended

Mains

Disconnect

to Generator

15 ft./5 m max)

#10

(6 mm

)

• External EMC Filter (required to meet CE/EMC specifications) – Not provided with the generator. Custom er is responsible f or providing the external filter as needed; Schaffner FN2070-08-36A type EMI filter or equivalent one recommended.

PMX MANUAL 3 118164-001 REV. A

Generator

In Rush Line

Current

50 A 35 A #10

Minimum

Recommended

Generator

Service Rating

• Mains Contactor - Not provided within the generator. Customer is responsible for mains safety disconnection.

Minimum

Recommended

Ground

Wire

Size

(6 mm

)

Apparent

Mains

Resistance

0.06 Ω

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Operating Temperature

10 to 40 °C (50 to 104 °F).

Relative Humidity

20 to 85%, non-condensing.

Atmospheric pressure range

500 to 1060 hPa (375 to 795 mm Hg).

TRANSPORT AND STORAGE

Ambient temperature range

-40 to 85 °C (-40 to 185 °F).

Relative humidity

5 to 95%, non-condensing.

Atmospheric pressure range

500 to 1060 hPa (375 to 795 mm Hg).

1.1.2 Environment Requirements Operating Environment

1.2 THEORY OF OPERATION

1.2.1 Function Overview

The PMX X-Ray generator utilizes sophisticated power conversion technology. A variety of analog, digital and switching pow er conversion techniques are used throughout.

The PMX generator is basically an AC to DC power converter. Within the generator, conversions of AC to DC, then to high frequency AC, then to high voltage DC take place. By reviewing further the sub-assemblies, a basic understanding of the process can be gained.

1.2.2 Line Rectification and Filtering

Basic AC line rectification provides the DC buss voltage for the high voltage inverter, Anode rotor drive, and the filament supply.

The input line voltage can vary from 180V up to 264V within the series.

The line voltage is connected directly to the EMI filter. The EMI filter reduces conducted HF noise on the AC mains. The output of the EMI f ilter is connected to an off line auxiliary power inverter circuit that provides 2 4V power for gener ating other auxiliary supply DC voltages.

1.2.3 Inverter

The inverter is a “half -bridg e” topolog y. Cur rent mode control is used for driving the inverter. An IGBT power module employed. The IGBT provides high frequency switching to control the

primary current flow to the high voltage transformer.

Circuits on the Power PCB board provide the gate control of the IGBT switches. The system control board generates gate drive control signals. The circuits on t he Po wer PC B pro vi de the required gate voltages and off s ets .

1.2.4 High Voltage Transformer

The output of the High Frequency Quasiresonant Inverter is connected to the primary of the High Voltage Transformer. The High Voltage Transform er is a step up type. T ypical secondary output voltage is in the range of

12.5kV depending upon output voltage ratings.

1.2.5 High Voltage Assembly

The High Voltage Assembly will vary depending upon the model ord ered. The circu itry typically consists of an arrangement of half wave voltage doubler.

A high bandwidth resistive/capacitive divider provides voltage feedback for regulation and monitoring. A sense resistor connected at the low voltage end of the High Voltage Multiplier circuit pro vides current feedback for regulation and monitoring.

1.2.6 System Control PWB

Auxiliary DC voltages are generated in the low voltage power supply section of the System Control PWB.

PMX MANUAL 4 118164-001 REV. A

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LEDs provide status diagnostics needed for recognizing the operation/shutdown mode of the generator.

A precision +10Vdc reference is generated on the control PCB for programming kV, mA and other references.

Control of the generator utilizes sophisticated analog and digital circuitr y resulting in fast and accurate control, protection and communication interfacing.

This generator is based on advanced quasiresonant PWM control. Analog signals are digitized in A/D conver ter and pr ocess ed with in FPGA and DSP circuits to provide maximum accuracy and reliability.

All feedback signals are sent to the user interface through digital an d D/A circ uits where switching is possible between feedback and program signals. This allows the us er to pres et the desired output before energizing high voltage.

All program voltages ar e typically ramped up to set level by the digital ramp generator.

FPGA and accompanying A-D and D-A converters and drivers provide system Fault

Control Indicat ion. User interface is proces sed on this PWB as well, providing isolated relay coils, opto couplers and open collector contacts.

1.2.7 Filament Power Supply

The filament inverter provides the power to drive the filament winding of the X-Ray tube. The filament inverter is a high frequency, series resonant inverter. The inverter provides high frequency ac current to the primary of the filament isolation transformer. The filament isolation transformer secondary is connected to a full wave rectifier and capacitor f ilter creating a DC filament. Rela y K4 connects the f ilament output to TB3 terminals 1 or 3 for small or large filament respectively as required by the operator. The filam ent circuitry also provides a variety of control, diagnostic and protection functions.

See Figure 1.2 for a simplified diagram of the XRay tube connection and current sensing circuits. The filament circuitry also provides a variety of control, diagnostic and protection functions.

If any abnormal c ondition appears, monitoring circuitry will shut down the unit indicating the fault.

Figure 1.2 Simplified schematic of X-Ray tube connection

PMX 5 118164-001 REV. A

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1.2.8 High Speed Starter

The rotating anode is powered and controlled by the action of a split-phase t ype of induction motor circuits in the PMX generator. The rotating anode has considerable mass to dissipate the heat generated by the beam current, and subse quently requires some tim e to accelerate to its norm al operat ing sp eed. T o reduce this time, the “h igh s peed s tart er ” cir cuit in the PMX applies a series of “boost” steps consisting of different frequencies and increased voltage during the boost cycle to

increase the accelerati on of the anode rotat ion to operating speed within several seconds. Following the boost cycle, the applied voltage is reduced to proper vo ltage to maintain ro tation. There are two operati ng modes for the anode rotor: low speed (60Hz stator voltage), and high speed (180Hz stator voltage). These are selected by the operator depending on the requirements of the application. The PMX is equipped with safety interlock s for user personnel and equipment protection. An open interlock circuit inhibits operation of the PMX generator.

PMX MANUAL 6 118164-001 REV. A

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High voltage symbol use d to indic ate the pres ence of

Warning symbol used to indicate a potential hazard to

1.3 SAFETY

1.3.1 Safety and Warning Symbols

WARNING: THIS X-Ray UNIT MAY BE DANGEROUS TO OPERATOR UNLESS SAFE EXPOSURE

FACTORS AND OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS ARE OBSERVED.

The following advisory symbols are used on the safety warning labels, and/or on circuit boards.

high voltage.

operators, service personnel or to the equipment.

PMX MANUAL 7 118164-001 REV. A

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CHAPTER 2 INSTALLATION

2.1 INTRODUCTION

This chapter contains instructions for unpacking, positionin g, and cabl ing the PMX generator, allowing for initial power-up and exposures.

2.2 UNPACKING

WARNING: THE GENERATOR

WEIGHS APPROXIMATELY 23 POUNDS (10.5KG).

1. Inspect the package exterior for evidence of dam age du e to handling in transit. Notify the carrier and Spellman immediately if damage is evident. Do not destroy or remove any of the packing material used in a damaged shipment.

2. Remove the cardboard outer packaging. See the cautionary note below before removing the packaging.

CAUTION: OPEN THE CARDBOARD PACKAGING CAREFULLY. SHARP TOOLS MAY DAMAGE THE CONTENTS.

3. Set aside the cardboard packaging.

4. After unpacking, inspect for visible damage.

5. Keep the shipping containers. In case of shipping dam age, place the unit(s) back in its s hipping pack and notify the carrier and the Customer Support Department as indicated in this manual.

2.3 OVERALL CONNECTIONS

NOTE: THIS IS BASIC CONNECTION ILLUSTRATION FOR TESTING. MORE COMPLEX AND DEDICATED CIRCUITRY IS NEEDED IN THE FINAL APPLICATION.

All cables should be route d away from high voltage areas, and dressed and secured neatly in place. Cables s hould be cut to the correct length if possible as excess cabling may contribute to EMI/RFI problems. For those cables that cannot be cut to the correct length (HV cables and console cables for example), try to minimize the area inside any loops of excess cable, as t hese loops are in effect an antenna.

PMX MANUAL 8 118164-001 REV. A

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PMX MANUAL 9 118164-001 REV. A

Figure 2-1: PMX I/O and indicator locations

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TB1

1.GROUND

2.AC-1

3.AC-2

JB1

CONTROL

INTERFACE

TB3

TB2

ANODE DRIVE

FILAMENT DRIVE

HIGH VOLTAGE OUTPUT

JB3

ETHERNET

GROUND STUD

SYSTEM INTERLOCK

FILTER

mA TEST PINS

FUSE CONTACTOR

INTERFACE CABLE

SYSTEM INTERFACE

(OPTIONAL)

X-RAY TUBE

HV CABLE

VMX GENERATOR

POWER LINE

LV CABLE

INTERLOCK

SHORT THE WIREPAIR IF SYSTEM INTERLOCK NOT AVAILABLE

INTERLOCK WIRE

USER SUPPLIED COMPONENT

NOTE:

2.4 POWER LINE MAINS

WARNING: MAIN CONTACTOR IS NOT PROVIDED WITHI N TH E G EN ER A TO R , CUSTOMER IS RESPONSIBLE FOR MAINS SAFETY DISCONNECTION.

PMX MANUAL 10 118164-001 REV. A

Figure 2-2: Overall connection

The PMX supply does not contain power line current limiting or fuses. It is strongly recommended that the user provide fuses or circuit breaker protection on the input power lines to limit fault current that may occur due to component failure, or operator error. Fuses or circuit breake rs with current rating of 35 Amps are recommended

Refer to Chapter 1 for generator po wer and generator power line requirements.

1. Check the input voltage rating on the nameplate of the supply and make certain that this is the rating of the power source to be connected.

2. Units operate on 200V-240VAC, +/-

3. A three-wire terminal block (TB1) is

4. DO NOT SWITCH ON MAINS

2.5 Cable connection illustration

2.5.1 HV Cable Connection

The X-Ray tube should be mounted in its

1. Verify that the HV cable terminations

2. Be sure that the rubber expansion

10%, 50/60Hz, single phase 35A.

provided for connecting to the AC supply (refer to Figure 2-2).

POWER AT THIS TIME.

normal fixture i.e. tube stand or other device.

are clean and in good condition.

ring is located at the bottom of the HV cable plug.

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3. Connect HV cable to the CA3 type high voltage output terminal at rear of the unit.

4. Connect the other side of HV c able to the corresponding HV te rminal on tube housing.

5. Connect the cable shield wire accompanying HV c able to the PMX ground stud and tube housing separately.

2.5.2 Stator Cable Connection

Refer to Table 2-1 for the X-Ray tube stator connections.

1. Tube low voltage cable is a hybrid one with filament and stator drive wire bundled together. Tube side should be standard terminal style, while generator side is unterminated. Customer should term inate the wire with suitable terminal.

2. Connect wires from the X-Ray tube housing low voltage connector stator pins to PMX terminal block TB2 terminals 1 (stator PHASE), 2 (stator RUN), 3 (stator COM), and 4 (GROUND).

3. Connect tube thermal switch wires to TB3-5 and TB3-6 if present. If not, short the two pins. Normally, there are no such separate wires for MAMMO tubes; it is always integrated into the three phase line. Refer to tube hous ing dat a sheet for specific information.

2.5.3 Filament Driver Cable Connection

1. Filament driver cable has three wires and bundled together with stator wires within same cable. Customer should terminate the wire with suitable terminals and lea ve enough length to reach the terminal TB3.

2. Connect wires from the X-Ray tube housing low voltage connector filament pins to PMX terminal block TB3 terminals 1 (FIL Small), 2 (FIL COM), and 3 (FIL Large).

PMX MANUAL 11 118164-001 REV. A

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Pin #

Definition

Description

TB3-1

SMALL FIL

To tube small filament.

TB3-2

COMMON

To tube filament common.

TB3-3

LARGE FIL

To tube large filament.

Pin #

Definition

Description

JB1-1

GND

Generator signal groun d for referenc e of interface

JB1-2

(+) 5VDC Out

5 volts DC from generator for use in powering

such as optocouplers. 100mA

maximum.

JB1-3

RS232 Tx Out

RS232 Transmit (out) from generator

JB1-4

RS232 Rx In

RS232 Receive (in) to generator

JB1-5

PREP

User Signal (Contact Closure) to alert the this signal is active, exposure parameters are enables the starter to boost the rotor. Contact

JB1-6

READY

Generator Signal to user to indicate the rotor r uns

JB1-7

ROTOR SHUTDOWN

User Signal to generator to brake the rotor drive off.

JB1-8

EXPOSURE

User Signal (Contact Closure) to generator to Voltage is generated after the boost time. pin 24. Closed=Exposure.

Table 2-2. Pin layout of filament driver connector.

2.6 MULTI INTERFACE CABLE CONNECTIONS

The PMX has multi interface connections include digital I/O, serial communication, and interlock. Operator m ust verify and connect every signal properly though some of them are optional, before initiating power-up and basic test.

The interlock, serial communication and exposure buttons interface shall be made

available via a multi signal cable. Refer to *-* for a schematic of isolation and signal direction.

2.6.1 Pin Layout of the Multi interface

The multi signal interface shall have a female 25 pin D-Sub (JB1) on the PMX. Twisted pairs shall be used where applicable. The pin layout is giv en in Table 2-3.

circuits

interface circuitry

generator that exposure sequence will begin. Once locked in and cann ot be changed. The gener ator connection to pin 24. Closed = PREP.

to speed and the generator is ready for X-Ray exposure. Transistor output. Low/Active=Ready

Low brakes Rotor. (Open wil l not restart rot or until a new PREP cycle is started). Reference to GND.

generate X-Rays. Filament is boosted, and High

PMX MANUAL 12 118164-001 REV. A

(Approximately 1 second). Contact connection to

Page 18

JB1-9

X-Ray ON 75% Status

Transistor output to indicate X-Ray ON status. Status Synchronize with 75% kV setting point.

JB1-10

X-Ray ON Status

Transistor output to indicate HV ON status. Synchronize with HV start-up.

JB1-11

N/C

Not Used

JB1-12

X-Ray SHUTDOWN/AEC

User Signal to generator to rapidly turn HV OFF

Reference to

GND. LOW Shuts down HV.

JB1-13

RS232 ISO Ground

Isolated ground from the isolated RS232 transceiver I.C.

JB1-14

HVG FAULT Status

Generator signal indicating generator fault. Open collector transistor output. Lo w/Ac ti ve =Fau lt

JB1-15

Status Bit 1

3 bit status lines f or up to 6 status m essages . See functionality. Open Collector transistor output.

JB1-16

Status Bit 2

JB1-17

Status Bit 3

JB1-18

N/C

JB1-19

N/C

JB1-20

kV Monitor

Signal from generator. 0-10V=0-50kV. Zout=1K ohm

JB1-21

Emission Monitor

Signal from generator. 0-10V=0-200m A. Zout=1K ohm

JB1-22

Filament Current Monitor

Signal from generator. 0-10V=0-6A. Zout=1K ohm

JB1-23

Program/Monitor Return

Ground for reference of program and monitor signals

JB1-24

+24VDC Out

For connection to P REP and EXPOSURE control relay coils.

JB1-25

SHIELD/GND

For connection of interface cable shield to generator chassis ground.

(Reference to GND). High/Active=X-Ray ON

(Reference to GND). High/Active=HV ON Status.

and ON during Exposure. (AEC).

separate matrix (Table 2-4) describing Low/Active=Message.

Table 2-3 Pin layout of multi signal connector

Refer to chapter 3 for detailed requirements and function descriptions.

PMX MANUAL 13 118164-001 REV. A

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Pin #

Definition

Description

TB3-5

Interlock 2 +

Used if tube has separate thermostat switch. TB3-6

Interlock 2 -

TB3-7

Interlock 3 +

Used if tube has cooling circulator flow switch. TB3-8

Interlock 3 -

TB3-9

Safety Interlock+

User signal (Contact Closure) f or safety interlock s

HV OFF, or

TB3-10

Safety Interlock-

Pin #

Definition

Description

TB3-15

Tube current +

Tube current flows out from this pin.

TB3-16

Tube current -

Tube current flows into this pin.

2.7 Interlock Connections

Interlock connections are provided for a variety of safety functions such as room door interlock, separate thermal switch interlock, tube flow switch interlock. The unit will not operate unless the interlocks are closed.

2.8 Tube Current Monitor Connection

Tube current test pins are provided for monitoring the actual tube current (mA) if needed. Normally, a jumper is installed to short the two pins (refer to Figure 2-2).

The pin definition shows below:

Opening the interlock circuit will cause the unit to shut off.

Three safety interlocks are located in TB3 for system interlock purpose. Short the terminals if not used.

The pin definition shows below:

Open=over temp. (Short terminals if not used).

Open=no flow. (Short terminals if not used).

such as door interlocks. Open turns inhibits HV from being generated.

Remove the jumper and install the current meter in series to monitor the actual tube current.

Two test pins are located in TB3 (TB3-15, TB3-16). Short the two pins if not used.

2.9 GROUND CONNECTION

NOTE: THE INSTALLER SHOULD ENSURE THAT ALL CABLE CONNECTIONS TO THE GENERATOR

ARE SECURE, AND ALL CABLES EXTERNAL TO THE GENERATOR ARE ADEQUATELY PROTECTED AGAINST ACCIDENTAL DISCONNECTION.

2.9.1 X-Ray Tube Housing Ground

A separate ground wire (10 AWG, 6mm must be connected from the X-Ray tube housing to the ground stud on the r ear of the PMX chassis. These ground locations may have other ground wires already connected;

PMX MANUAL 14 118164-001 REV. A

ensure that these existing ground wires are not disconnected when making the X-Ray

)

tube ground connection. Failure to make this groun d connection may

result in intermittent operation and/or exposure errors or even worse IGBT failure.

Page 20

2.9.2 Chassis Ground

The chassis of the P MX generator m ust be grounded to the local earth grou nd and also to the tube housing groun d. See Figure 2-2 for typical operating setup. A three-wire terminal block is provided for connecting to the AC supply.

2.10 FINAL CHECKS

NOTE: THE INSTALLER SHOULD ENSURE THAT ALL CABLE CONNECTIONS TO THE

GENERATOR ARE SECURE, AND ALL CABLES EXTERNAL TO THE GENERATOR ARE ADEQUATELY PROTECTED AGAINST ACCIDENTAL DISCONNECTION.

2.11 GUI SOFTWARE

The optional GUI utility software allows for data communication between the generator and an external computer. This provides a “virtual console” with which user can release all the command defined in the protocol and verifies all the functions independently before

The room interface c onnect ions m ay now be completed. Before power on, user needs to check the items as below finally.

• When finished all wiring, check that all connections are tight and secure.

• Double check the breaker, EMC filter, fuses, etc. User is res ponsible f or on t he main input power lines.

• Check that all cables are dressed neatl y outside the cabinet, and secured as necessary.

• Check the ground connection again.

integrating the generator into their ultimate system.

The GUI consists of the Analog Monitor Section, the System Status Section, the Fault Section, the Command Tab Section, the Com Monitor Display, and the Menu.

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The Command Tab section, along with the Monitor / Status / Fault sections provide access to the various com mands defined in the PMX Protocol Spec. The Analog Monitor, System Status, and Fault sections are always visible and can be accessed at any time. The Command Tab section provides access to

function. Clicking on the tabs at the top of the Command Tab section selects a particular group of commands. Only one group (tab) can be selected at any one time.

See separate docum ent for t he detaile d GUI instruction.

other commands grouped together by

PMX MANUAL 16 118164-001 REV. A

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Pin #

Definition

Description

JB1-1

GND

Generator signal groun d for referenc e of interface

JB1-2

+5VDC Out

5 volts DC from generator for use in powering

. 100mA

JB1-3

RS232 Tx Out

RS232 Transmit (out) from generator

JB1-4

RS232 Rx In

RS232 Receive (in) to generator

JB1-5

PREP

User Signal (Contact Closure) to alert the this signal is active, exposure parameters are enables the starter to boost the rotor. Contact

CHAPTER 3 INTERFACING

3.1 introduction This chapter describes the interfacing of the PMX generator to the customer s ystem control side, especially with th e serial communication,

3.2 MULTI INTERFACE

NOTE: THE INSTALLER MUST PROVIDE THE NECESSARY INTERFACING CABLES FOR WIRING TO THE

GENERATOR INPUTS AND OUTPUTS DESCRIBED IN THIS SECTION.

WARNING: LINE VOLTAGE IS PRESENT INSIDE THE GENERATOR AT ALL TIMES THAT THE MAIN

DISCONNECT IS SWITCHED ON. FOR SAFETY, THE MAIN DISCONNECT SHOULD BE SWITCHED OFF AND LOCKED OUT WHILE CONNECTING ROOM EQUIPMENT.

3.2.1 Connector Style and Pin Layout

exposure control switch. Also, exposure mode is introduced with the timing sequence described as well.

Figure 3-1 multi signal interface connector

PMX MANUAL 17 118164-001 REV. A

circuits

interface circuitry such as opto couplers maximum.

generator that exposure sequence will begin. Once locked in and cann ot be changed. The gener ator connection to pin 24. Closed = PREP.

Page 23

JB1-6

READY

Generator Signal to user to indicate the rotor r uns

JB1-7

ROTOR SHUTDOWN

User Signal to generator to brake the rotor drive off.

JB1-8

EXPOSURE

User Signal (Contact Closure) to generator to

pin 24. Closed=Exposure.

JB1-9

X-Ray ON 75% Status

Transistor output to indicate X-Ray ON status.

Ray ON

Status Synchronize with 75% kV setting point.

JB1-10

X-Ray ON Status

Transistor output to indicate HV ON status. Synchronize with HV start-up.

JB1-11

N/C

Not Used

JB1-12

X-Ray SHUTDOWN/AEC

User Signal to generator to rapidly turn HV OFF

Reference to

GND. LOW Shuts down HV.

JB1-13

RS232 ISO Ground

Isolated ground from the isolated RS232 transceiver I.C.

JB1-14

HVG FAULT Status

Generator signal indicating generator fault. Open collector transistor output. Lo w/Ac ti ve =Fau lt

JB1-15

Status Bit 1

3 bit status lines f or up to 6 status m essages . See functionality. Open Collector transistor output.

JB1-16

Status Bit 2

JB1-17

Status Bit 3

JB1-18

N/C

JB1-19

N/C

JB1-20

kV Monitor

Signal from generator. 0-10V=0-50kV. Zout=1K ohm

JB1-21

Emission Monitor

Signal from generator. 0-10V=0-200m A. Zout=1K ohm

JB1-22

Filament Current Monitor

Signal from generator. 0-10V=0-6A. Zout=1K ohm

JB1-23

Program/Monitor return

Ground for reference of program and monitor signals.

JB1-24

+24Vdc Out

For connection to P REP and EXPOSURE control relay coils.

JB1-25

SHIELD/GND

For connection of interface cable shield to generator chassis ground

to speed and the generator is ready for X-Ray exposure. Transistor output. Low/Active=Ready

Low brakes Rotor. (Open wil l not restart rot or until a new PREP cycle is started). Reference to GND.

generate X-Rays. Filament is boosted, and High Voltage is generated after the boost time. (Approximately 1 second). Contact connection to

(Reference to GND). High/Active=X-

(Reference to GND). High/Active=HV ON Status.

and ON during Exposure. (AEC).

Table 3-2 Pin layout of multi signal interface

3.2.2 Serial Communication Interface

separate matrix (Table 2-4) describing Low/Active=Message.

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Pin #

Definition

Description

JB1-3

RS232 Tx

RS232 Transmit (out) from

JB1-4

RS232 Rx

RS232 Receive (in) to

JB1-13

RS232 ISO Ground

Isolated ground from the

The serial communication is part of the Multi Signal Interface (JB1).

The pin definition shows below:

User should connect the R S232 cable properl y with system side such as PC. Twisted wires are preferable to enhance the EMC performance.

GUI software can be used temporarily to test the PMX provided installed on the user PC. (Ref er to separate document for detailed information of GUI). But user need to develop their own ultimate software based on open protocol (Refer to separate document) and design system control board to integrated PMX into their system with proper method (Refer to 2.6.1 NOTE the isolation requirement).

3.2.3 Digital I/O Control Interface

Remote digital control of the PREP, ROTOR SHUTDOWN, EXPOSURE, X-Ray SHUTDOWN, are available on the 25-pin I/O connector for maintenance. All of these controls except PREP and EXPOSURE are toggle on/off type signals. PREP and EXPOSURE are

The RS232 communic ation interface has been isolated inside t he HVG with specific IC.

generator

isolated RS232 transceiver I.C .

controlled by a momentary normally open contact. If remote control is required, the remote interface dummy plug must be removed and replaced with the appropriate remote circuits. See Figure 3-2 for recommended interface circuits.

In order to eliminate sig nal bounce caused by mechanical contact, an el ectron ic sw itch such as opto coupler device is recommended for these signals.

Warning: Max current that the +24Vdc supply can provide is 100mA.

PMX MANUAL 19 118164-001 REV. A

Page 25

JB1

Customer Interface

High Voltage power supply

+5V

10K

Transistor On = Rotor shutdown

+5V

10K

Transistor On = X-ray OFF

+24V

Switch closed

for PREP

+24V

Switch closed

for EXPOSURE

NOTES: Relay coil Z=178

+5V

+24V

3.2.4 Remote Status Interface

Remote status signals f or KV MIN tube curren t limit, tube power limit, overvoltage, and filament

Figure 3-3 for recommended interface circuits.

Figure 3-2 Digital I/O Control Interface

Current limit, over temperature, and power supply fault is provided. These signals are open collector type. (Normally off), and are intended to drive the diode of an opto-coupler.

PMX MANUAL 20 118141-002 REV

Page 26

JB1

Customer Interface

Generator interface

NOTES: 50mA max collector current on internal power supply transistors

+5V

330

100

+5V

100

+5V

100

+5V

330

100

+5V

330

100

+5V

330

100

+5V

330

100

READY

X-RAY ON Status

HV ON Status

HVG FAULT Status

BIT1 Status

BIT2 Status

BIT3 Status

LOW=READY

HIGH=X-RAY 75% ON

HIGH=X-RAY ON

HIGH=FAULT

LOW=ACTIVE

BIT1

BIT2

BIT3

MESSAGE

high

No Messages

low

high

Tube Temp/Flow Fault/HSS Fault

high

low

high

Arc Detected/Shutdown

high

low

Over Load: Power/MAS/Time/Duty

low

high

Over Voltage/Over Current/Regulation error

low

Open Filament/Filament Fault

Figure 3-3 Remote status interface

If a fault occurs, the power supply will shut down and a 3 bit binary code will be gen erate d at the user interface connector J B1. T o res et, use the reset function on remote user interface.

Table 3-3 status messages matrix

The fault inf orm ation is provided with three bits code. Below is the information list. More than one fault is defined with one code combination. Use can get specific fault information by serial command.

PMX MANUAL 21 118164-001 REV. A

Page 27

JB1

Generator side

Customer side

0.1

kV monitor

mA monitor

Filament

monitor

Monitor return

NOTES:

1) Metering circuit should be high Z type(>10Meg)for accurat e measurement.

2) All signals 0-10Vdc = 0-100 % of specified maximum outputs .

Pin #

Definition

Description

JB3-1

TX+ White/Orange

JB3-2

TX- Orange

JB3-3

RX+ White/Green

JB3-4

POE V+ blue

JB3-5

POE V+ blue/white

JB3-6

RX- Green

JB3-7

POE V- brown/white

JB3-8

POE V- brown

3.2.5 Rem ote Monitoring Interface

Test points are made available at the 25-pin I/O connector from monitoring tube voltage, tube current and tube filament current. The test

Figure 3-4 for wiring diagram and specifications for remote monitor interface.

points are always positive regardless of the output polarity, where 0 to 10V = 0-100% of output. Accuracy is within ±0.5%. All test points have output impedance of 1Kohm.

Figure 3-4 Remote monitoring interface

3.3 ETHERNET INTERFACE

Ethernet is an optional serial communication interface with separate standard RJ45 style

RJ45 pin definition shows below:

connector. JB3 is terminal number.

10/100 Base-T Ethernet Interface

PMX MANUAL 22 118164-001 REV. A

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CHAPTER 4 CONFIGURATION, CALIBRATION AND OPERATION

4.1 INTRODUCTION

This chapter describes the procedure for configuring the tube type, configuring user

WARNING: USE EXTREME CARE IN MEASURING HIGH VOLTAGES. ACCIDENTAL CO NTACT

MAY CAUSE SERIOUS INJURY OR DEATH.

MAINS VOLTAGE WILL BE PRESENT INS IDE THE GENERATOR CHASSIS, EVEN

WITH THE POWER SWITCHED OFF. THIS VOLTAGE IS EXTREMELY DANGEROUS, USE EXTREME CAUTION.

THE DC BUS CAPACITORS, LOCATED ON THE DC BUS ASSEMBLY, PRE SENT A

HAZARD FOR A MINIMUM OF 5 MINUTES AFTER THE GENERATOR HAS BEEN SWITCHED OFF. CHECK THAT THESE CAPACITORS ARE DISCHARGED BEFORE TOUCHING ANY PARTS IN THE GENERATOR.

allowed dual speed starter data and operating filament auto-calibration.

WARNING: THE PROCEDURES IN THIS CHAPTER REQUIRE THE PRODUCTION OF X-Rays.

TAKE ALL APPROPRIATE SAFETY PRECAUTIONS TO PROTECT PERSONNEL FROM X-Ray RADIATION.

WARNING: ALWAYS ENSURE THAT THE EQUIPMENT UNDER TEST AND ALL ASSOCIATED

TEST EQUIPMENT IS PROPERLY GROUNDED

ENSURE THAT THE HIGH VOLTAGE C ABLES ARE INTACT / UNDAMAGED AND

PROPERLY CONNECTED BEFORE ATTEMPTING EXPOSURES

ENSURE THAT THE PMX IS PROPERLY INSTALLED AS PER CHAPTER 2 AND CHAPTER 3 BEFO RE OPER AT I NG W H AT THIS CHAPTER DESCRIBES.

4.2 TUBE PREHEAT TABLE CONFIGURATION

The PMX contains up to 2 tube types power limitation an d filament value tables. Consult Spellman representati ves when ordering for

available tube tables pre-installed or tube type field configuration possibility.

Reloading the default preheat tables in the PMX u nit requires use of the DIP switc hes. The DIP switches are located near the edge of the board, to the right of the connector. The DIP switch identifiers are stenciled on the PC Board just above the switches, and the individual switches are numbered at the bottom of the DIP switch. The figure below illustrates the DIP switch placement.

PMX MANUAL 23 118164-001 REV. A

Page 29

Table 1 -Tube Table Selection Matrix

Tube Selected

Tube number

Switch #1 Position

Switch #2 position

(Varian) M113T

Down

Invalid Setting (do

not use)

Step

Action

Power down the system, if it is not already powered down. Switch #8 on DIP Switch 1 should be in the up position as show above. This is the normal working position.

Set Switch #8 on Dip Switc h 1 to the down position, th is is with the switch s et toward #2 on DIP SW1 to the desired tube table as specified in Table 1 above.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

SW1

SW2

DIP SW1 – Switch

DIP SW1 – Switch #1

DIP SW1 – Switch #2

(Up Position Shown)

Figure 4-1: DIP Switches for Configuration

Switch 8 on DIP SW 1 controls the loading of the default Tube Table in to FRAM. When the unit is powered up with this switch in the down position the sel ected tube def ault data is loaded in to FRAM, overwriting any current data, including learned pr eheat values. This switch only causes tab le up date when it is in the down position at power up. Setting the switch to the down position after power up does not change the tube table.

(Down Position Shown)

#8 (Up Position Shown)

Switch 1 and Switch 2 o n DIP SW 1 select which tube table wi ll be loaded in to FRAM and become the active T ube. The setting of these switches only matters when Switch 8 is in the Down position at power u p. Changing the Switch 1 and/or Switch 2 does not change or reload the tube table if the unit is po wer ed up with Switch 8 in the up position.

(IAE)XM1016T

Follow the below steps to select the desired table from the pre-installed tube table:

the center of the board (opposite to the above illustration). Also set switch #1 and switch

PMX MANUAL 24 118164-001 REV. A

Up Up

Down Down

Page 30

Turn on the power to the PMX unit, and wait for 10 seconds. This will reload the selected default table in to the FRAM.

After the 10 seconds has elapsed, turn the power off, and return Switch 8 t o the Up leave Switch 8 in the Up position.

Step

Action

Entering calibration mode

Enable Prep and Exposure to start calibration

filament will be affected. For example if small filament is calibrated and you attempt to

position. The tables have been reloaded and the system is ready to use. Make sure to

4.3 FILAMENT AUTO-CALIBRATION

The calibration function automatically establishes calibration curves relating filament current to tub e cur r ent (mA) at three or four kV settings, dep ending on generator type. This allows the g enerator to predic t t he filament temperature (filament current) that will be required for any mA value over the full kV operating range.

It is recommended that the X-Ray tube be seasoned before att empting auto cal ibrat ion , particularly if the tube has not been used for

Sending a “Set Calibration Mode” command (command number 28) with an argument of 1 or 2 or 3 with Prep and Exposure control in the OFF state. Gener ator w ill enter calibration mode but in ‘pause’ state as the Prep and Exposure is inactive.

Calibration will be starting if both Prep and Exposure are activated. Once the sequence has started the generator will automatically cycle through the exposure settings as long as the Prep and Exposure control are ON until it either finishes calibration or there is an exposure fault.

An exposure fault will cause the calibration routine to abort, and the unit to exit calibration mode. If the user removes Prep and / or Exposure control during the sequence, the calibration routine will enter a “Paused” state. It will not exit calibration mode, but it will stop doing exposures and wait until Prep and Exposure control are both returned to the ON state. If the user returns Prep and Exposure control ON, the PMX will continue the calibration. Usually it will continue from where it was when the sequence was paused, but depending on what it was doing when the calibration sequence was interrupted it may go back and repeat a previous step.

The user may cancel calibration at any time by first setting Prep and / or exposure control off, and then sending a “Set Calibration Mode” Command with an argument of 0. Sending this command resets the calibration sequence. The next time calibration is started it will go back to the beginning. Once calibration is started previous values for preheat will be overwritten. Stopping calibration in the middle will result in some points being calibrated and others not being calibrated. This may result in poor or inconsistent preheat adjustment.

If user chooses to calibrate large and small filaments separately, only the chosen

some time. Refer to tube datasheet for seasoning operation.

There are two different modes for user selection to calibrate filament. User can calibrate the large filament and small filament separately or calibrate both large filament and small filam ent at one t im e. Sendi ng “Set Calibration Mode” command (command number 28) with different argument will enter different calibratio n mode (Refer to protoc ol specification document for details).

Use these steps to per form the X-Ray tube auto calibration function:

PMX MANUAL 25 118164-001 REV. A

Page 31

calibrate the large filament, but the calibration fails, it does not affect the small filament

Exiting calibration mode

Step

operation

Action

Presetting

Using the computer interface, select ROTOR SPEED, and

EXPOSURE time (0.5 seconds suggested).

PREP

After presetting desired levels, initiate a PREP command.

PMX internal memory.

READY

After approximatel y 2 seconds, a READ Y status signal will

reset.

EXPOSURE

When READY status is retur ned from the power supp ly, an

set for the

will return to 0 volts until the next PREP/EXPOS URE cycle.

calibration. In this case you would have to rerun the large filament calibration, but not the small filament calibration.

When calibration pr ocess is finished, Prep and Exposure should be released, and then sending a “Set Calibr ation Mode” Comm and with an argument of 0 will let the PMX exit calibration mode.

4.4 OPERATING X-RAY EXPOSURES

4.4.1 Normal Exposure

WARNING: AFTER TURN OFF, DO NOT UNPLUG TH E OUPUT CABLE UNTIL THE INTERNAL

CAPACITANCE IS DISCHARGED (APPROXIMATELY 3 MINUTES).

Use these steps to initiate a normal exposure:

SMALL or LARGE FILAMENT. Set KV (initial setting of 20kV is suggested), mA (10mA suggested), and

This will cause the X-Ray tube anode rotor to start, and apply filament pre-heat cur rent to the t ube per value s tored in the

be returned to the computer indicating that the anode rotor is up to speed, and the t ube i s read y to gen erate X -Rays. T h e READY signal wil l remain for 30 seconds and aut omaticall y

exposure can then be ini tiated. When exposure is i nitiated, HV is applied to the X -Ray tube and the power supp ly loop control automaticall y adjusts the filament current to provide the mA tube current that was previously preduration of the exposure time. Following an exposure, the HV

Below is timing sequence for a typical normal exposure.

PMX MANUAL 26 118164-001 REV. A

Page 32

Exposure

kV设定值的

75%

Xray_ON

Prep

Exposure

Ready

Filament Inhibit

Enable MA Program

Enable KV Program

DSP Inhibit Xray On

Ma Servo

HSS Low Speed States

HSS High Speed States

STOP

BOOST

BOOST RUN

STOPRUN

RUN Hang Time

BRAKE STOP

BOOST

BOOST RUN

STOPRUN

BRAKE STOP

Prep then Exposure

Prep & Exposure Together

75% kV setting value

There are still other signals reflecting tim ing relations with exposur e sequence, which are provided for synchronizing purpose for user system application.

See below the timing:

X-Ray On 75% Status:

Open collector output signal. High level is active; indicate that the kV reach to 75% setting value, and the exposure time begin to accumulate.

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X-ray On

Exposure

X-Ray On Status:

Open collector output signal. High level is active; indicate that the HV output is beginning.

See below the timing:

4.4.2 AEC Exposu re

In AEC Mode the external AEC control inp ut, also called “X-Ray SHUTDOWN/AEC”, is allowed to gate the high voltage on and off. In order to generate X-Rays Prep, Exposure Control and AEC must all be in the “ON” state, which is High (Log ic 1). In ad ditio n the unit must be in the ready state. When running in AEC mode the exposure control timer only runs when the AEC signal is high. The exposure sequence term inates when any of the following are true:

1. Prep goes inactive (low)

2. Exposure control goes in ac tive (lo w)

3. The exposure timer times out. (Timer is set as part of exposure command)

4. The 30 second Prep time is exceeded. When in AEC Mode it is assumed that the

AEC signal will be in the off state when the exposure sequence terminates. If the AEC signal is ON, an under -time fault will occur. The rotor continues to run when the X-Ray is shut off by the AEC signal. An example of AEC timing is show below for the case of Prep & Exposure together + HSS slow speed. Also note, in AEC mode Break after Exposure is automatic ally disabled, and will not occur even if it is set. In addition the Break after exposure hang time will be 30 seconds, regardless of the current setting.

PMX MANUAL 28 118164-001 REV. A

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Prep

Exposure

Ready

AEC

(X-Ray Disable)

X-

Ray Enabled

X-Ray Disabled

HSS

STOP

BOOST

RUN

STOP

-Ray On

See below the Timing.

4.4.3 Smart AEC Expo sure

The main character of this mode is that preexposure is followed by the main exposure at different parameter settings defined by the system.

This mode has the ability to change parameters during a n “exposure sequence”. Exposure sequence is d efined a number of Exposures whereby the System gates the generator ON and OFF by the AEC Shutdown signal input. The end of each individual exposure would be normally terminated by seconds or mAs programming.

In Smart AEC Mode (S-MAC) the exposure is split into two parts. Both parts of the exposure are required to use the same filament and HSS speed, but the k V / mA / ex posure tim e are allowed to change bet ween the first part of the exposure and the second part. The Prep, Exposure Control, X -Ray On (status), and AEC signals, along with the serial command port are all involved with Smart AEC mode. The sequence of events for doing a Smart AEC exposure is as follows:

1. The host sends the required commands to set up the exposure. These are HSS Speed, Filament, kV, mA, and exposure time for 3 point mode, or Filament, kV and mAs for 2 point mode. (Note that in

Fig 16 - AEC Timing

smart AEC, 2 point mode HSS Speed is automatically set to Fast).

2. The host sets Prep “On”. The unit will go into the Boost / Preheat phase on the filament. (See Note 1).

3. The host sets exposure control ON and AEC control ON to enable X-Rays. AEC may be set ON before or simultaneous with exposure control ON.

4. The unit will turn High voltage ON. High voltage will remain ON until the programmed exposure time has elapsed. The host should monitor the XRay On status.

5. After the X-Ray On status transitions from ON to OFF the Host should set the AEC control to the X-Ray disabled state (Low). The host must also leave the exposure control ON during this time.

6. The host must now send the settings for

part of the exposure over the

the 2 serial interface. Any combination of kV, mA, exposure time if in 3-point mode, or kV and mAs if in 2-point mode may be changed. HSS Speed and Filament may not be changed.

PMX MANUAL 29 118164-001 REV. A

Page 35

7. The host must wait a minimum of 20 milliseconds after the end of the last command for the PMX unit to process the commands. By the end of the 20

millisecond period the 2

part of the exposure will be set up and a new value of preheat current applied to the filament. (See Note 2).

8. The host sets the AEC signal High to

indicate the 2

part of the exposure can

begin.

9. The PMX unit will turn High voltage ON. High voltage will remain ON until the programmed exposure time has elapsed. The host should monitor the XRay On status.

10. When the X-Ray transitions to OFF the exposure sequence is complete. The Host can set Prep and Exposure Control

including the 2 second time to ready, can’t be longer than 30 seconds.

Note 5: The AEC control signal M UST be in the X-Ray disabled state (low) during the

exposure settings upd ate for the 2

par t of the exposure. The state of the AEC control signal does not matter when setting up the 1

part of the exposure because Exposure Control and Prep are low.

Note 6: In Smart AEC Mode, Commands, request last exposure kV monitor and request last exposure mA m onitor treat the first and second part of the exposure as separate exposures. For exam ple if the kV monitor is requested after the f irst part of the exposure has finished, but bef ore the sec ond part has started, the average kV of the first part is reported. If the k V m onitor is then requeste d after the second part of the exposure has finished, the averag e will be for the second part of the exposure only.

to OFF.

Note 1: The time to read y is 2 seconds. The exposure control signa l can be set ON prior to the end of the 2 sec on d t ime, but the High Voltage will not actuall y turn ON until the 2 seconds have elapsed from Prep active.

Note 2: Even though the new exposure settings will be programmed and the new

preheat set for the 2

par t of the exposure within 20 milliseconds of receiving the last setup command, the filament temperature will not change ins tantaneously. Turning on the high voltage immediately after the 20 millisecond period ends will not allow enough time for the filament to reach the desired temperature. This may result in large mA

variations at the start of the 2

part of the

exposure. Note 3: In Smart AEC mode, Break after

exposure is forced to “OFF”, and the Break after exposure hang tim e set to 30 s econds, regardless of the previously programmed values. (This is the same as in standard AEC mode).

Note 4: There is no specified m axim um tim e between the first part a nd s econd part of th e exposure. The limiting f actor is that the unit can have Prep activ e for a maximum of 30 seconds, so the entire exposure sequence,

PMX MANUAL 30 118164-001 REV. A

Page 36

Prep

Ready

Exposure

Control

X-Ray On terminated by

exposure timer

X-Ray ON (Status)

X-Ray On terminated by

exposure timer

AEC (X-Ray Disabled when low)

Host sends new exposure

settings over Serial Link

20 millisecond

Delay after receiving new exposure

settings for VMX command processing

Exposure part 1 settings used Exposure part 2 settings used

Standby Boost / Preheat 1 MA-Servo 1 Preheat 1

Preheat 2

MA-Servo 2 Preheat 2

Standby

Filament

Host sets AEC Low prior to sending new

exposure settings

Host sets AEC High to

start 2

part of

exposure

2 seconds

Fig 18 – Smart AEC Mode

Previous Exposure

Value

Previous discarded

kV & mA report

Current values

Exposure Part 1

kV & mA

Being averaged

Exposure Part 1 average

kV and mA held

Exposure Part 2

kV & mA

Being Averaged

Exposure Part 2 average

kV and mA held

Value Returned using Request Last Exposure kV / mA Monitor

See below the timing sequence:

Notes: Setting the AEC signal low before X-Ray On status goes low (X-Ray Off) will cause an undertime fault.

Exposure commands sent at an illegal time such as when AEC is high or X-Ray i s ON will be ignored and will return a “State Error” code. Exposure commands used to set up the 2nd part of the exposure m ust be sent at the time indicated in the diagram.

Aborting the Sm art AEC sequence by bring ing Prep and/or Exposure control low in after the part 1 exposure is finished but before the part 2 exposure is started will not generate a fault.

It is not allowed to change from 2-Point Mode to

It is required to se nd a new s etup between t he part 1 exposure and part 2 exposure, even if the new setup is exactly the s ame as the old. This can be done using the “ Set Exposur e Settings” command, or Individ ua l set c ommands such as “Set Exposure kV”, “Set Exposure mA” and “Set Exposure Time” if in 3 point mode, or “Set Exposure kV”, and “Set Exposure mAs” in 2 point mode. It is allowed but not required to send a Set Filament or Set HSS Speed command, provided t he setting is the sam e as in the part 1 exposure.

3-Point mode or the revers e in the middle of a Smart AEC exposure.

PMX MANUAL 31 118164-001 REV. A

Page 37

LED

DEFINITION

COLOR

NORMAL

STATE

FUNCTION

DS1

Not used

DS2

+24V

GREEN

Lit

Indicate +24V power supply is acti ve.

DS3

DSP Alive

RED

Lit DS4

STATUS BIT1

YEL

Lit

3 bit status lines for status

messages matrix.

DS5

STATUS BIT2

YEL

Lit

DS6

STATUS BIT3

YEL

Lit

DS7

READY

YEL

Lit

Indicate the generator is ready for XRay exposure.

DS8

SPARE

YEL

Lit

DS9

FAULT

RED

Lit

Indicate generator fault.

DS10

X-Ray shutdown/AEC

YEL

Lit

Indicate the status of the s ignal ( JB1-

12).

DS11

YEL

Lit

Filament selection indicator.

DS12

Rotor on

GREEN

Lit

Starter status indicator.

DS13

HSS fault

RED

Lit

Indicate high speed starter fault.

DS14

Prep

GREEN

Lit

Synchronizing indication of Prep signal.

DS15

Safety Int’lk

GREEN

Lit

Safety interlocks status indication.

DS16

X ray ON

RED

Lit

Synchronizing indication of X-Ray On signal.

DS17

FPGA HEART BEAT

YEL

Lit

Indicate FPGA is working. DS18

Rotor brake

YEL

Lit

Indicate brake status of starter.

CHAPTER 5 TROUBLE SHOOTING

5.1 INTRODUCTION

Fault or error message will be indicated via system status indicator or serial message during abnormal operation. This Chapter contains tables of those messages and suggests actions to be taken by service personnel to correct an y malfunctio ns that m ay occur.

System Control Board 460220-001

5.2 STATUS AND ERROR CODES

5.2.1 Status Messages

LEDs provide status indication of the necessary diagnostics needed for recognizing the operation/shutdown mode of the generator. LEDs display the following information:

messages. Refer to chapter 3 the status

PMX MANUAL 32 118164-001 REV. A

Page 38

NAME

Arg. #

DESCRIPTION

ACTION

Interlock 1

General Purpose Interlock Input 1 (Originally called Tube

the input pin results in a fault

condition. This was originally

for other purposes.

Check the short connection. Interlock 2

General Purpose Interlock Input 2 (Originally called Tube Flow). An open/logic high on the input pin

faulted condition. This was

for other purposes.

Check the short connection

HSS Fault

High Speed Starter Fault – Any Fault

1. Check the AC line voltage.

times boost within 1 minute.

ARC

ARC Fault – T he un it sh utdo wn high voltage because an electric arc occurred.

1. Check HV cable connections.

3. Replace the X-ray tube.

Over Power

An attempt was m ade to tu rn on the a power output of greater than 5kW.

Over Time

This fault is possible only in AEC because of the expiration of the

timer with AEC active)

Ensure that the cumulative time in one exposure sequence not

Over mAs

The mAs of the current exposure has

value * then set exposure time.

Over Duty

The unit requires 20 seconds inbeing defined as entering prep,

Ensure that the exposure operation within the duty cycle limitation.

5.2.2 Faults Messages

Temperature). An open/logic high on condition. A Logic low / Short to GND

is the “Good” or non-faulted intended for connection to a tube

temperature switch, bu t can be used

results in a fault condition. A Logic low / Short to GND is the “ Good” or nonoriginally intended f or connection to a tube flow switch, but can be used

related to operation of the high speed starter.

generator with sett ings that result in

Mode. It indicates the unit shut-down exposure timer, rather than the AEC

control signal. (Tim eout of exposure

exceeded the set value by 25%. This is calculated by taking the average current and multipl ying by exposure time. The unit will fault immediately when this happens, and shut down the high voltage. Note that when in 2 point mode the limit is set to 125% of the value programmed using the “Set mAs” command. In 3 point mode it is calculated by multi plying the set mA

2. Check the low voltage cable connections.

3. Ensure that no more than 2

2. Season X-ray tube.

exceed the exposure timer (ms). In AEC mode, expos ur e ti mer acts as back up timer.

PMX MANUAL 33 118164-001 REV. A

between exposure cycles. A cycle

Page 39

exposure control on, high voltage on,

if the cumulative

AOP mode.

Over

This fault occurs if the output voltage more).

Consult product support.

Over Current

If the output current exceeds 213.8 this fault will occur.

Consult product support.

Regulation

This fault occurs if the actual kV is

25% of the set

mA regulation.

1. Chec k the line volta ge in g ood

Open

Tube filament shows open (zero

applied to

1. Check the LV cable

3. Consult product support.

Filament

The filament current has exceeded

ubes, but as additional tubes are added, this value may change for the new tubes.

1. Check the preheat value.

hange setting value and

Ac/Dc

The rectified input v olt age t o th e uni t more.

Check input line voltage

high voltage off, exit prep. The unit is also limited to 5 seconds of exposure time in any 2 minute period. If an attempt is made before to turn on high voltage in less the 20 seconds after the last expos ure this fault will occur. Also, exposure time over the last 2 minutes exceeds 5 seconds and an attempt is made to turn high voltage on this fault will occur. Note: The 20 second lim it does not apply to high voltage o n / off cycles that are part of a sequence in AEC or

Voltage

Filament

(overcurrent)

exceeded 60kV for 1 mill isecond (or

mA for 100 milliseconds (or more)

exceeded by +/-10% or mA output has exceeded +/value. Note: There is a delay from high voltage on to when the k V and mA are checked to allow tim e for the kV and mA to stabilize so false faults are not generated. This time is 30 msec . for kV regulation and 250 msec. for

current despite voltage filament) for more than 2 seconds.

the set maximum limit of for more than 200 msec. The set lim it is 5.2A for all currentl y supported t

condition.

2. Replace the X–ray tube

3. Consult product support.

connection

2. Measure filament resistance to verify filament condition.

2. C verify again.

3. Change to another X-ray tube.

4. Consult product support.

PMX MANUAL 34 118164-001 REV. A

is less than 255V DC for 1 second or

Page 40

Under Time

In manual or sm art AEC m ode, the

e to the

removal of the Prep or exposure of the exposure Timer. (Exposure

was shorter then programmed).

Verify the control timing in accordance with the function

Safety Fault

An attempt was made to start an exposure with the safety interlock open. High voltage will not go on.

Check the safety interlock

Setup Fault

An attempt was made to start an

unit. High voltage will not go on.

Verify the setting value. low and are not likely to cause any

is suitable for use in all

exposure terminated du

protocol.

control signals prior to th e expiration

Cannot occur in AEC mode.

Interlock

exposure (turn high voltag e on) with

connection.

an illegal setup progr am med into the

Notes: If high voltage is on when a particular fault occurs the high voltage will immediately be shut off.

Over Time and Under Time faults can only occur at the end of an ex posure (immediately after high voltage is turned off). These faults indicate an error in how the control signals were

the mode the unit was set up in, rather than a fault in the PMX supp l y ope ration .

Over Duty faults can only occur at the transition of exposure control fr om off to on. That is, r ight at the start of an expos ure. Once an exposure is started it will be al lowed to continue even if after it is finished the on time exceeds 5 seconds over the previous 2 minutes.

applied as com pared to what was expected for

Table 1 – Guidance and MANUFACTURER’S declaration – ELECTROMAGNETIC EMISSIONS – for all ME

EQUIPMENT and ME SYSTEMS

Guidance and manufacturer’s declaration – electromagnetic emissions

The PMX is intended for use in the electromagnetic environment specified below. The customer or the user of the PMX should assure that it is used in such an environment.

Emissions test Compliance Electromagnetic environment – guidance

RF emissions CISPR 11

Harmonic emissions

IEC 61000-3-2 Voltage

fluctuations/ flicker emissions IEC 61000-3-3

PMX MANUAL 35 118164-001 REV. A

Group 1 The PMX uses RF energ y onl y for its interna l

function. Therefore, its RF emissions are very interference in nearby electr onic equi pment.

Class A The PMX

establishments other than domestic and those directly connected to the public low-voltage

Not applicable

power supply networ k that supplies bui ldings used for domestic purposes.

Not applicable

Page 41

The PMX is intended f or use in the electromagnet ic environment spec ified below. The c ustomer or the user of the PMX should assure that it is used in such an environment.

Electrostatic

± 6 kV contact

Floors should be wood, concrete or

Electrical fast

± 2 kV for power

1 kV for

± 2 kV for power

1 kV for

Mains power qualit y should be that of a typical commercial or hospital

Surge

± 1 kV line(s) to

2 kV line(s) to

± 1 kV line(s) to

Mains power qualit y should be that of a typical commercial or hospital

Voltage dips,

<5 % UT

Mains power qualit y should be that of a typical commercial or hospital

requires continued operation during power mains interruptions, it is

Power

Power frequency magnet ic fields should location in a typical commercial or

Table 2 – Guidance and MANUFACTURER’S declaration – ELECTROMAGNETIC EMISSIONS – for all ME

EQUIPMENT and ME SYSTEMS

Guidance and manufacturer’s declaration – electromagnetic immunity

Immunity test IEC 60601 test

level

discharge (ESD)

± 8 kV air

IEC 61000-4-2

transient/burst IEC 61000-4-4

supply lines ± input/output

lines

IEC 61000-4-5

line(s) ±

earth

short interruptions and voltage variations on power supply input lines

IEC 61000-4-11

(>95 % dip in UT) for 0,5 cycle 40 % UT (60 % dip in UT) for 5 cycles 70 % UT (30 % dip in UT) for 25 cycles <5 % UT (>95 % dip in UT)

for 5 s

Compliance level Electromagnetic environment –

guidance

± 8 kV air

ceramic tile. If floors are covered with synthetic material, the relative humidity should be at least 30 %.

supply lines ±

environment.

input/output lines

line(s) ± 2 kV line(s) to earth

environment.

(>95 % dip in UT) for 0,5 cycle

environment. If the user of the PMX 40 % UT (60 % dip in UT) for 5 cycles 70 % UT (30 % dip in UT)

recommended that the PMX be powered

from an uninterruptible power supply or a

battery. for 25 cycles <5 % UT (>95 % dip in UT)

for 5 s

frequency

be at levels characteristic of a typical

(50/60 Hz)

3 A/m 3 A/m

magnetic field

hospital environment.

IEC 61000-4-8 NOTE UT is the A.C. mains voltage prior to application of the test level.

PMX MANUAL 36 118164-001 REV. A

Page 42

The PMX is intended for use in the electromagnetic environment specified below. The customer or the user of the PMX should assure that it is used in such an environment.

Portable and mobile RF communications equipment

distance calculated from the equation applicable to

Recommended separation dist anc e

d = 1.17 √P 80 MHz to 800 MHz d = 2.33 √P 800 MHz to 2.5 GHz

transmitter in watts (W) according to the transmitter

NOTE 1 At 80 MHz and 800 MHz, the higher frequency range applies. NOTE 2 These guidelines may not apply in all situations. Electromagnetic propagation is affected by absorption and

reflection from structures, objects and people.

a. Field strengths from fixe d transmitters, such as base stations for radio (cellular/cordless) telephones and land mobile radios, amateur radio, AM and FM radio broadcast and TV broadcast cannot be predicted theoretically with accuracy. To

lectromagnetic env ironment due to fixed RF tran smitt ers, an ele ctromag netic si te survey should be con sidere d.

ed to verify normal operation. If abnormal performance is observed, additional measures may be

Table 4 – Guidance and MANUFACTURER’S declaration – electromagnetic IMMUNITY – for ME EQUIPMENT

and ME SYSTEMS that are not LIFE-SUPPORING

Guidance and manufacturer’s decl arat ion – electromagnetic immunity

Immunity test IEC 60601 test level Compliance level Electromagnetic environment – guidance

Conducted RF IEC 61000-4-6

Radiated RF IEC 61000-4-3

3 Vrms 150 kHz to 80 MHz

3 V/m 80 MHz to 2.5 GHz

3 Vrms

3 V/m

should be used no closer to any part of the PMX, including cables, than the recommended separation

the frequency of the transmitter.

d = 1.17 √P

Where P is the maximum output power rating of the manufacturer and d is the recommended separation

distance in meters (m). Field strengths from fixed RF transmitters, as

determined by an electromagnetic site survey, should be less than the compliance level in each frequency range.

Interference may occur in the vicinity of equipment marked with the following symbol:

assess the e If the measured field strength in the location in whic h the PMX is used exceeds the applicable RF compliance level above, the PMX should be observ necessary, such as re-orienting or relocating the PMX.

b. Over the frequency range 150 kHz to 80 MHz, field strengths should be less than 3 V/m.

PMX MANUAL 37 118164-001 REV. A

Page 43

Recommended separation distances between portable and mobile RF communications equipment

and the PMX

The PMX is intended for use in an electromagnetic environment in which radiated RF disturbances are

as recommended below, according to the maximum output power of the communications equipment.

Separation distance according to frequ ency of transmitter

For transmitters r ated at a maximum output power n ot list e d ab ove, t he rec om mended separation dis tanc e d

absorption and reflection from structures, objects and people.

Table 6 – Recommended separation distances between portable and mobile RF communications equipment

and the ME EQUIPMENT or ME SYSTEM – for ME EQUIPMENT and ME SYSTEMS that are not LIFE-

SUPPORTING

controlled. The customer or the user of the PMX can help prevent electromagnetic interference by maintaining a minimum distance between portable and mobile RF communications equipment (transmitters) and the PMX

Rated maximum

output

power of

transmitter

150 kHz to 80 MHz

d = 1.17 √P

80 MHz to 800 MHz

d = 1.17 √P

800 MHz to 2,5 GHz

d = 2.33 √P

0.01 0.117 0.117 0.233

0.1 0.370 0.370 0.737 1 1.17 1.17 2.33

10 3.70 3.70 7.37

100 11.7 11.7 23.3

in meters (m) can be determined using the equation applicable to the frequency of the transmitter, where P is the maximum output power rating of the transmitter in watts (W) according to the transmitter manufacturer.

NOTE 1 At 80 MHz and 800 MHz, the separation distance for the higher frequency range applies. NOTE 2 Thes e guidelines may not appl y in all situat ions. Electromagnetic propagat ion is affected b y

PMX MANUAL 38 118164-001 REV. A

Page 44

CHAPTER 6 MAINTENANCE

6.1 INTRODUCTION

If a major component (such as the multiplier module or system control board) is replaced, recalibration will be needed. The acceptance test procedure

WARNING: ALWAYS SWITCH OFF MAINS POWER TO THE GENERATOR AND WAIT A

MINIMUM OF 5 MINUTES FOR CAPACITORS TO DISCHARGE BEFORE BEGINNING ANY MAINTENANCE.

6.2 PERFORMANCE TEST

Only qualified personnel should perform these tests.

High voltage test procedures are describe d in Spellman Bulletin STP-783, Standard Test Procedures for High Voltage Power Supplies. Copies c an be obtained f rom the Spellman Customer Service Department. Test equipment, inclu ding an oscilloscope, a high impedance voltmeter, and a high voltage divider such as the Spellm an HVD100 or HVD-200, is needed for performance tests. All test components must be rated for operating voltage.

per Chapter 5 should then be performed prior to placing the generator back into service.

6.3 HIGH VOLTAGE DIVIDERS

High voltage dividers for precise measurement of output voltage with accuracy up to 0.1% are available from Spellman. The HVD-100 is used for voltages up to 100kV. The HVD-200 measures up to 200kV. The Spellman divider is designed for use with differential voltmeters or high impedance digital voltmeters. The high input impedance is ideal for measuring high voltage low current sources, which would be overloaded by traditional lower impedance dividers.

PMX MANUAL 39 118164-001 REV. A

Page 45

CHAPTER 7 REPLACEMENT PARTS

7.1 Replacement Parts

ontact the Spellman Customer Service Department for parts lists for specific models.

Spellman provides p arts and subassem blies for its high voltage power s upplies but recommends that only qualified personnel perform repairs. High voltage is dangerous; even minor mistakes in repairs can have serious consequences.

When requesting parts, please provide the complete model number and serial number of the power supply in question.

7.2 Correspondence and

Ordering Spare Parts

Each Spellman power s upply has an identification label on the rear of the chassis that bears its model and serial number.

When requesting engineering or applications information, please state the model and serial number of the power supply. If specific components or circuit sections are involved in the inquiry, it is helpful to indicate the component symbol number(s) shown on the applicable schematic diagram.

When ordering spare parts, please specify the part’s description, the part’s reference designation or part number, and the model and serial number of the unit.

PMX MANUAL 40 118141-002 REV

Page 46

CHAPTER 8 FACTORY SERVICE

8.1 Warranty Repairs

During the Warrant y period, Spellm an will repair al l units free of charge. The Warranty is void if the unit is worked on by other than Spellman personnel. See the Warranty in the rear of this manual for more information. Follow the return procedures described in Section 8.2. The customer shall pay for shipping to and from Spellman.

8.2 Factory Service Procedures

Spellman has a well-equipped factory repair department. If a unit is returned to the factory for calibration or repair, a detailed description of the specific problem should be attached.

For all units returned for repair, please obtain an authorization to ship from the Customer Service Department, either by phone or mail prior to shipping. When you call, please state the model and serial numbers, which are on the plate on the rear of the power supply, and the purchase or der number for the repair. A Return Material Authorization Code Number (RMA Number) is needed for all returns. This RMA Number should be marked clearly on the outside of the shipping container. Packages received without an RMA Number will be returned to the customer. The Customer shall pay for shipping to and from Spellman.

A preliminary estim ate for repairs will be given by phone by Customer Servic e. A purchase order f or this amount is requested upon issuance of the RMA Number. A more detailed estimate will be made when the power su ppl y is rec eived at the Spe llman Repair Center. In the event that repair work is extensive, Spellman will call to seek additional authorization from your company before completing the repairs.

8.3 Shipping Instructions

All power supplies returned to Spellman must be sent shipping prepaid. Pac k t he units caref ull y and securely in a suitable container, preferably in the original container, if available. The power supply should be surrounded by at least four inches of shock absorbing material. Please return all associated materials, i.e. high voltage output cables, interconnect ion cab les, etc ., so t hat we c an examine and test the entire system.

All correspondence and phone calls should be directed to:

Spellman High Voltage Electronics Cor p . 475 Wireless Boulevard Hauppauge, New York 11788 TEL: (631) 630-3000 FAX: (631) 435-1620 E-Mail: sales@Spellmanhv.com

www.spellmanhv.com

PMX MANUAL 41 118164-001 REV. A

Page 47

To obtain information on Spellman’s product warranty please visit our website at:

http://www.spellmanhv.com/en/About/Warranty.aspx

Page 48

PMX Power Supply Protocol Definitions

50kV

Reserved.

This information contained in this publication is derived in part from proprietary and patent data. This

information has been prepared for the express purpose of assisting operating and maintenance personnel in

the efficient use of the model described herein, and publication of this information does not convey any right

to reproduce it or to use it for any purpose other than in connection with installation, operation, and

maintenance of the equipment described.

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Page 49

Table of Contents

1.0 Serial Communications Interface ......................................................... 5

2.0 Etherenet Communications Interface .................................................. 6

2.1. TCP/IP FORMAT ..................................................................................... 6

2.2. Ethernet Command Format ..................................................................... 7

2.3. Ethernet / RS232 use .............................................................................. 7

3.0 Serial Commands – RS232 SERIAL Protocol ............................................. 8

3.1 Serial Interface Message Format ............................................................. 8

3.2 Command Arguments .............................................................................. 8

3.3 Checksums .............................................................................................. 8

3.4 Checksum Errors: .................................................................................... 9

3.5 Timeouts: ................................................................................................. 9

4.0 Command Overview ................................................................................ 10

4.1 Command Mode Commands ................................................................ 10

4.2 Service Mode Commands ................................................................... 12

4.3 Response Overview ............................................................................ 13

4.3.1 Set Command Response Format ........................................................ 13

4.3.2 Request Command Response Format. ............................................... 13

4.3.3 Warnings and Er r ors ............................................................................ 14

4.4 Detailed Command Structure .............................................................. 15

4.4.1 Request Analog Monitor Readbacks ................................................... 15

4.4.2 Request Status ................................................................................... 18

4.4.3 Request Fa ul t Stat us .......................................................................... 22

4.4.4 Reset Faults ........................................................................................ 25

4.4.5 Set Exposur e Set ti ng s ........................................................................ 26

4.4.6 Get Expos ure S etti ng s ........................................................................ 28

4.4.7 Set HSS Speed ................................................................................... 29

4.4.8 Set Exposur e Tim e ............................................................................. 32

4.4.9 Set Exposur e k V ................................................................................. 34

4.4.10 Set Exposur e mA ............................................................................... 35

4.4.11 Set Exposure Filament (large spot / small spot) ................................. 37

4.4.12 Set Exposur e mAs .............................................................................. 39

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Page 50

4.4.13 Request Exposure Time Set-point ...................................................... 40

4.4.14 Request kV S et-Point ......................................................................... 41

4.4.15 Request Exposure mA Set-Point ........................................................ 42

4.4.16 Request Exposure Filament Setting ................................................... 43

4.4.17 Request Exposure mAs setting .......................................................... 44

4.4.18 Request Last Exposure kV Monitor .................................................... 45

4.4.19 Request Last Exposure mA Monitor ................................................... 46

4.4.20 Get Last Exposure Time .................................................................... 47

4.4.21 Set Brake After Exposure ................................................................... 48

4.4.22 Set Break After Exposure Hang Time ................................................ 49

4.4.23 Get Break After Exposure Hang Time ................................................ 50

4.4.24 Set AEC Mode (Standard Automatic Exposure Control Mode) .......... 51

4.4.25 Request AEC Mode ........................................................................... 52

4.4.26 Set 2-Point / 3-Point Mode ................................................................. 53

4.4.27 Request 2-Point / 3-Point Mode ......................................................... 54

4.4.28 Set Smart AEC Mode ......................................................................... 55

4.4.29 Request Smart AEC Mode ................................................................. 56

4.4.30 Request Current X-Ray Tube Anode Heat Loading ........................... 57

4.4.31 Request Auxiliary Status .................................................................... 58

4.4.32 Request Expanded Fault Status ......................................................... 59

4.4.33 Request Expanded HSS Status ......................................................... 60

4.5 Service Mode Structure ......................................................................... 62

4.5.1 Program Filament Li mit ...................................................................... 62

4.5.2 Request Filament Limi t Set Point ....................................................... 63

4.5.3 Request Filament Pre-Heat Set Poi nt ................................................ 64

4.5.4 Set Exposur e Sett ings Max Exposure Time ....................................... 65

4.5.5 Request Max Exposure Time ............................................................. 66

4.5.6 Set Exposure Settings Pre-Heat Value ............................................... 67

4.5.7 Set Ready For Exposure Time ........................................................... 68

4.5.8 Get Ready For Exposure Time ........................................................... 69

4.5.9 Set Maxi mu m mA s ............................................................................. 70

4.5.10 Get Maximum mAs ............................................................................. 71

4.5.11 Request Filament Current Feedback .................................................. 72

4.5.12 Get Revison ........................................................................................ 73

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Page 51

4.5.13 Set Baud Rate .................................................................................... 74

4.5.14 Set Calibration Mode On / Off ............................................................ 75

4.5.15 Get Calibration Status ........................................................................ 76

4.6 Serial Command Handling ..................................................................... 78

5.0 Predictive filament .................................................................................. 79

6.0 General Timing ........................................................................................ 81

7.0 Brake After Exposure ............................................................................. 82

8.0 AEC (Automatic Exposure Control) Mode ............................................ 84

9.0 2-Point and 3-Point Mode ....................................................................... 85

10.0 Smart AEC Mode ..................................................................................... 87

11.0 Calibration Mode ..................................................................................... 91

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Page 52

1. Serial Communications Interface

Serial communications will use the following protocol: <STX><CMD><,>ARG><,><CSUM><ETX> Where: <STX> = 1 ASCII 0x02 Start of Text character <CMD> = 2 ASCII characters representing the command ID <,> = 1 ASCII 0x2C character <ARG> = Command Argument <,> = 1 ASCII 0x2C character <CSUM> = Checksum (see section 1.2 for details) <ETX> = 1 ASCII 0x03 End of Text character

The serial interface has the following attributes:

• 19.2K baud (Default baud rate, can be changed to 115K baud for reprogramming of the firmware)

• No Parity

• 8 Data Bits

• 1 Stop Bit

• No Hand shaking

1.1 Command Arguments

The format of the numbers for comma nd ar g ume nt s is a v ari able length string. To represent the number 42, the string ‘42’, ‘042’, or ‘0042’ can be used. This being the case, commands and responses that carry data are variable in length.

1.2 Check Sums

The checksum is computed as follows:

• Add the <CMD>, <,>, and <ARG> bytes into a 16 bit (or larger) word. The bytes are added as unsigned integers.

• Take the 2’s compliment (negate it).

• Truncate the result down to the eight least significant bits.

• Clear the most significant bit (bit 7) of the resultant byte, (bitwise AND with 0x7F).

• Set the next most significant bit (bit 6) of the resultant byte (bitwise OR with 0x40). Using this method, the checksum is always a number between 0x40 and 0x7F. The checksum can never be confused with the <STX> or <ETX> control characters, since these have non-overlapping ASCII values. If the DSP detects a checksum error, the received message is ignored and the supply will respond with and error code of 1 (see section 3.4).

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Page 53

2. Ethernet Communications Interface

Byte

Protocol

Header Length

Type Of

Total Length

Packet ID

Flags

Fragmentation Offset

Time To Live

Protocol

Header checksum

Source Address

Destination Address

Source Port

Destination Port

Sequence Number

Acknowledgement Number

Data

Offset

Reserved

Code Bits Window

Checksum

Urgent Pointer

Data Byte 1

Data Byte 2

Data Byte 3

Data Byte N

2.1. TCP/IP FORMAT

Each Ethernet command will consist of a TCP/IP header followed by the required data bytes as specified in secti on 2.2 . Figure 24 summarizes the TCP/IP header configuration. Please note that this functionality is provided by the software implementation of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) TCP/IP protocol stack, specifically the upper 4 layers.

Version

Service

Figure 24: Network TCP/IP datagram header

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Page 54

2.2. Ethernet Command Format

The Ethernet command format is: <STX><CMD><,>ARG><,><CSUM><ETX> Where:

<STX> = 1 ASCII 0x02 Start of Text character <CMD> = 2 ASCII characters representing the command ID <,> = 1 ASCII 0x2C character <ARG> = Command Argument <,> = 1 ASCII 0x2C character <CSUM> = Checksum (see section 3.3 for detai l s) <ETX> = 1 ASCII 0x03 End of Text character

This is exactly the same format as the RS232 serial commands as defined in section 3. The Ethernet interface acts as a transport for the serial PMX commands. The commands the ms elves have the exact same format , responses and meanings as with the RS232 serial command. The command for mats, responses, and examples as shown in section 4 apply equally to both RS232 and Ethernet communication.

2.3. Ethernet / RS232 use

PMX will accept commands via the RS232 serial link or the Ethernet interface, but only one communication interface can be used at a time. You cannot send commands over RS232 and Ethernet both at the same time. Using both RS232 and Ethernet concurrently is not allowed and trying to do so will cause unreliable communication and erratic operation. Note also that firmw ar e upgrade over the Ethernet interface is not supported. This function is available only over the RS232 interface.

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3.0 Serial Commands – RS232 SERIAL Protocol

3.1 Serial Interface Message Format

Serial communications will use the following format: <STX><CMD><,>ARG><,><CSUM><ETX> Where:

3.2 Command Arguments

The format of the numbers used for command arguments is a variable length string. To represent the number 42, the string ‘42’, ‘042’, or ‘0042’ can be used. This being the case, commands and responses that carry data are variable in length.

3.3 Checksums

The checksum is computed as follows:

• Add the <CMD>, <,>, and <ARG> bytes into a 16 bit (or larger) word. The bytes are added as unsigned integers.

• Take the 2’s compliment (negate it).

• Truncate the result down to the eight least significant bits.

• Clear the most significant bit (bit 7) of the resultant byte, (bitwise

AND with 0x7F).

• Set the next most significant bit (bit 6) of the resultant byte (bitwise OR with 0x40).

Using this method, the checksum is al ways a number between 0x40 and 0x7F. The checksum can never be confused with the <STX> or <ETX> control characters, since these have non-overlapping ASCII values.

The following is sample code, written in Visual Basic, for the generation of checksums:

Public Function ProcessOutputString(outputString As String) As String

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Dim i As Integer Dim CSb1 As Integer Dim CSb2 As Integer Dim CSb3 As Integer Dim CSb$ Dim X

X = 0 For i = 1 To (Len(outputString)) 'Starting with the CMD character X = X + Asc(Mid(outputString, i, 1)) 'adds ascii values together Next i

CSb1 = 256 - X CSb2 = 127 And (CSb1) 'Twos Complement CSb3 = 64 Or (CSb2) 'OR 0x40 CSb$ = Chr(Val("&H" & (Hex(CSb3)))) ProcessOutputString = Chr(2) & outputString & CSb$ & Chr(3)

End Function

3.4 Checksum Errors:

If the DSP detects a checksum error, the received message is ignored , and the unit responds with a command byte equal to 1 as shown in the following sequence: <STX>1,<CSUM><ETX>. The 1 in the command byte indicates a checksum error has occurred.

3.5 Timeouts:

There exists the possibility that the message from the Host to the unit is

distorted so badly that the unit can’t process the message at all and no response will be sent. The host should implement a time out of 100 milliseconds from when the message is sent. If the host sends a message and no response is received before this 100ms timeout expires the host should use this an implied NAK and assume the command was not received by the unit.

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Command Mode RS232 Commands

Command Name

<CMD>

<ARG>

RANGE

Request Analog Monitor

None

Request Status

None

Reset Faults

None

Set Exposure Settings

1-4 ASCII

See cmd

Get Exposure Settings

None

Set Exposure Time

1 ASCII

20-12000

Set Exposure kV

1 ASCII

0-4095

Set Exposure mA

1 ASCII

0-4095

Set Exposure Filament

1 ASCII

0-1

Set Exposure mAs

1 ASCII

1-6000

Request Exposure Tim e Setpoint

None

Request Exposure kV Setpoint

None

Request Exposure mA Setpoint

None

Request Exposure Filament Setting

None

Request Exposure mAs Setpoint

None

Set HSS Speed

None

0 or 1

Request Fault Status

None

4.0 Command Overview

Commands are separated into two modes: command and service modes. Command mode is for normal operation and service mode for modifying certain parameters and reading their value. Service mode commands are not meant to be used as part of normal oper at i on. Th ey are intended for system testing and unit servicing.

4.1 Command Mode Commands

Readbacks

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Command Mode RS232 Commands

Request Last Exposure kV

monitor

None

Request Last Exposure

None

Get Last Exposure Length

None

Set Brake After Exposure

1 ASCII

0-1

Set Brake After Exposure

1 ASCII

0-65535

Get Brake After Exposure

None

Set AEC Mode

1 ASCII

0-1

Request AEC Mode

None

Set 2-Point / 3 –Point

1 ASCII

0-1

Request 2-Point / 3 –

None

Set Smart AEC Mode

1 ASCII

0-1

Request Smart AEC Mode

None

Request Current Anode

None

Request Auxiliary Status

None

Request Expanded Fault

None

Request Expanded HSS

None

mA monitor

Hang Time

Exposure Mode

Point Exposure Mode

Heat Load

Status

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Service Mode RS232 Commands

Command Name

<CMD>

<ARG>

RANGE

Set Baud Rate

1 ASCII

2 = 19200, 5 =

Program Filament

1-ASCII

0-4095

Request Filament Limit Setpoint

None

Request Filament Pre-Heat Setpoint

None

Get Revision

None

Set Exposure Exposure Time

1 ASCII

0-10000 Request Max Exposure Time

None

Set Exposure Value

1 ASCII

0-4095 Set Ready For Exposure Time

1 ASCII

0-4095

Get Ready For

None

Set Maximum mA s

1-4 ASCII

0-600

Get Maximum mA s

None

Request Filament Current Feedback

None

Set Calibration Mode

1 ASCII

0-1

Request Calibration Status

None

4.2 Service Mode Commands

115200

Limit

Settings Max

Settings PreHeat

Exposure Time

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4.3 Response Overview

The responses to the above commands will follow one of two general formats depending on whether the command was a set command, intended to modify system or exposure setup, or a request command, intended to return system status, current setup or exposure information.

4.3.1 Set Command Response Format

The general format the response to a set command is: <STX><CMD>,<$-OR-ERR/WARN>,<CSUM><ETX>

Where: <STX> = 1 ASCII 0x02 Start of Text character <CMD> = 2 ASCII characters echoing the command ID <,> = 1 ASCII comma (0x2C character) <$-OR-ERR/WARN> = If the setting(s) specified by the command are valid this will be the ASCII $ character. If the setting is invalid or results in an invalid setup for the system a 1 or 2 character code will be returned. See the following section on warnings and errors. <,> = 1 ASCII comma 0x2C character <CSUM> = Checksum (see section 3.3 for details) <ETX> = 1 ASCII 0x03 End of Text character

4.3.2 Request Command Response Format.

The general format for the response to a request command is: <STX> <CMD>,<ARG1>,{<A R Gn>,}<CSUM><EXT> Where: <STX> = 1 ASCII 0x02 Start of Text charac ter <CMD> = 2 ASCII characters echoing the command ID <,> = 1 ASCII comma (0x2C character) <ARG> = A data value consisting of a variable number of ASCII characters. The actual meaning is command dependent. ,<ARG+n>= Additional ASCII data values separated from the previous value by a comma. Additional values may not be present depending on the command and the number of additional values is command dependent.

<,> = 1 ASCII comma 0x2C character <CSUM> = Checksum (see section 3.3 for details) <ETX> = 1 ASCII 0x03 End of Text character

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4.3.3 Warnings and Errors

As mentioned in section 4.3.1 set commands are responded to with either a “$” (dollar sign) character or a 1 or 2 character long ASCII format numeric code that can be an error or a warning.

- A response of a $ character indicates successful r ecep t ion and processing of the sent value. The value sent in the command has been accepted and is now the active value that will be used by the system.

- A response of an ASCII encoded number 3 -9 indicates a parameter error. This means one or more of the values sent in the command is invalid, or out of range. The value(s) in the command are ignored and the old values that the system is set for remain in effect. Some of the “Set” commands only set a single value. For these commands an err or code o f 3 indica tes an invalid or out of range parameter. This is the only possible error for these functions. Some functions, such as the “Set Exposure” function use multiple error codes. For these commands the meaning of the error codes is dependent on the particular command. See the individual command for a list of possible error codes and their meaning.

- A response of an ASCII “10” (2 characters) indicates a w ar ni ng . This is a possible response for commands that modify exposure settings. It indicates that the parameter in the command is in range, but when combined with the other current supply settings results in an invalid set up. The new value has been accepted but the supply is now in an “invalid programming” condition. The high voltage will not turn on if commanded. If the intent of the user is to send additional commands to complete the change of exposure settings this warning can be safely ignored. If the user’s intent is to start an exposure without further changes to the exposure settings however, It indicates a problem. The user must resolve the setup problem before an exposure can begin.

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4.4 Detailed Command Structure

4.4.1 Request Analog Monitor Readbacks

Description: The host requests that the firmware transmit the present values of Analog Monitor Readbacks. All read back values are in the range 0 – 4095. See the scaling summary table after the description of values to convert from scaled value to actual value of voltage or current. Please note that the voltage scaling for the monitor voltages is not the same as their respective set values.

Direction: Host to supply

Syntax: <STX><19><,><CSUM><ETX>

Example: <STX><19>,<CSUM><ETX>

Response: <STX><19><,><ARG1><,><ARG2><,><ARG3<,><ARG4><,><AR G5><,><ARG6><,><ARG7><,><ARG8><,><ARG9><,><ARG10>< ,><ARG11><,><ARG12><,><ARG13><,><ARG14><,><ARG15><, ><ARG16><,> <CSUM><ETX>

Where: (ARG# in ASCII format) ARG1 = +15V = 0 – 4095 (scaling = 0.0062256 V/Bit) ARG2 = -15V = 0 – 4095 (0.0043663*ARG – 16.4665) ARG3 = +24V = 0– 4095 (0.0104762 V/Bit) ARG4 = +3.3Va = 0 – 4095 (0.00310847 V/Bit) ARG5 = +3.3Vb = 0– 4095 (0.0011978 V/B it) ARG6 = TBD ARG7 = TBD ARG8 = TBD ARG9 = Filament Voltage Monit or = 0-4095 = 0–11.78V ARG10 = KV Feedback Monitor = 0-4095 = 0-53,476V ARG11 = MA Feedback Monitor = 0-4095 = 0-213.828mA ARG12 = DC Voltage Monitor = 0-4095 = 0-346.4V ARG13 = Leak Limit monitor = 0–4095 = 106.914 ARG14 = Filament Feedback Monitor = 0–4095 = 0-6.415A ARG15 = GND Monitor = (0.000732V/Bit) ARG16 = TBD

Description of Monitored Values:

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ARG1 = +15V, the o utput of the regulated 15V supply.

ARG

Function

Range

Scaling/Bit

+15V

0 – 25.5V

0.0062256V / Bit

-15V

-16.466V – 0V

Use Equation: – 16.4665V

+24V

0 – 42.9V

0.0104762V / Bit

3.3V(a) (note 2)

0 – 12.73V

0.00310847V / Bit

3.3V(b) (note 2)

0 – 4.906V

0.0011978V / Bit

Filament Voltage

0 – 11.78V

0.0028766V / Bit

kV (note 3)

0 – 53476V

13.059V / Bit

mA (note 3)

0 – 213.828

0.052217mA / Bit 12

DC Voltage

0 – 346.4V

0.084596V / Bit

Leak Limit

0 – 106.9mA

0.0261mA / Bit

Filament Feedback

0 – 6.415A

0.0015665A / Bit

GND Monitor

0 - 3V

0.7326 mV / Bit

ARG2 = -15V, the output of the regulated -15V supply. ARG3 = +24V, the output of the regulated +24V supply. ARG4 = 3.3Va, the output of the regulated 3.3V supply. ARG5 = 3.3Vb, monitors same voltage as ARG4 (see note1) ARG6-ARG8 are not used currently. ARG9 = The monitored Voltage across the Tube Filament. ARG10 = The monitored High Voltage output of the supply. ARG11 = The monitored output current of the supply. ARG12 = The monitored DC input line voltage to the supply. ARG13 = The monitored Filament Leak current. ARG14 = The monitored current through the filament. ARG15 = Ground Voltage Offset (This actually measures the o f fset error of the A/D converter rather than an actual voltage).

Scaling Summary Table

(note1)

Feedback

Voltage = Arg*0.0043663

Notes:

1. Although mathematically it is possible to get positive

voltages up to 1.4V out of the equation the board circuit will prevent

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this. Due to resistor tolerances the voltage may not read as exactly zero for an actual voltage of zero.

2. The monitors for 3.3V(a) and 3.3(b) monitor the same

voltage. These voltages are used for an A/D calibration routine. To monitor the 3.3V the user may use either one.

3. The kV and mA feedback values when X-Ray is on are

held for 2 seconds after the end of an exposure (X-Ray turns off). This is the default mode of operation, but if SW2 – switch 6 is set then the values are not held after the end of the exposure.

Example: <STX>19,2048,1024,3072,3072,3072,0,0,0,4095,4095,4095,4095, 4095,4095,4095,0,<CSUM><ETX>

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4.4.2 Request Status

Description: The host requests that the firmware sends the power supply status.

Direction: Host to supply

Syntax: <STX><22><,><CSUM><ETX>

Example: <STX>22,<CSUM><ETX>

Response: <STX><22><,><ARG1><,><ARG2><,><ARG3><,><ARG4><,><A RG5><,><ARG6><,><ARG7><,><ARG8><,><ARG9><,><ARG10> <,><ARG11><,><ARG12><,><ARG13><,><ARG14><,><ARG15> <,><ARG16><,><ARG17><,><ARG18><,><ARG19><,><ARG20> <,><ARG21><,><ARG22><,><ARG23><,><ARG24><,><ARG25> <,><ARG26><,><<CSUM><ETX>

Where: (ARG# in ASCII format representing unscaled value) <ARG1> X-Ray On/Off = 1 – On, 0 - Off <ARG2> Safety Interlock = 0 - Open, 1 - Closed <ARG3> Fault Condition = 1 – Fault, 0 - No Fault <ARG4> Prep = 1 – Prep Active, 0 = Not in prep <ARG5> Status Bit 1 <ARG6> Status Bit 2 <ARG7> Status Bit 3 <ARG8> Tube Selection Bit 1 <ARG9> Tube Selection Bit 2 <ARG10> Tube Selection Bit 3 <ARG11> Tube Selection Bit 4 <ARG12> Load Tube Default Table to FRAM memory. <ARG13> Ready Status = 1 – Ready, 0 – Not Ready <ARG14> Setup Status = 1 –Invalid Setup, 0 – Setup is valid <ARG15> Calibration Active = 1 -In calibration mode. <ARG16> Filament Open Loop <ARG17> AC/DC Fault Bypass <ARG18> OPEN FILAMENT Bypass <ARG19> ANALOG PROG <ARG20> “Over Duty” Bypass <ARG21> kV/mA FDBK HOLD Bypass

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<ARG22> OVP BYPASS

ARG5

ARG6

ARG7

Message

0 0 0

No Messages / No Faults

1 0 0

Tube Temp/Flow Fault /H SS Fault/Safety Interlock

0 1 0

Arc Detected/Shutdown

0 0 1

Over power / MAS / Over-Time / Under-Time / Duty / Setup Fault

1 1 0

Over Voltage/Over Current/Regulation Error

1 1 1

Open Filament / Filament Fault

<ARG23> Manual Filament OFF <ARG24> Duty Cycle Limit Ok = 1 – Ok (ready), 0 –Not Ready <ARG25> Brake After Exposure = 1 – On, 0 - Off <ARG26> HSS Speed = 1 – High, 0 - Low

Description of System Status ARG1 = X-Ray On / Off Status, 1 = High Voltage output is active, 0 = High Voltage output is not active. Note: The X-Ray “On” status is held for a minimum of 1 second regardless of how short the actual exposure time is. The reason for this is to allow the host time to poll and see the X-Ray was active. It does not indicate that the X-Ray was actually on for the entire second. ARG2 = Safety Interlock status, 1 = Safety interlock is Open (not ok to make high voltage). 0 = Safety interlock is closed (ok to m ake high voltage). ARG3 = Fault Conditio n. 1 = There are 1 or mor e acti ve faults, supply will not make high voltage unless faults are cleared. 0 = no active faults. (See also Request Faults and Clear Faults Command). ARG4 = Prep Condition. 1 = Unit is in Prep state (preparing to make X-Ray shot). 0 = Unit is not in Prep state. ARG7-ARG5 = Status Flags [2:0]. These flags mimic the state of the Fault status LEDs.

ARG11-ARG8 = Currently Selected Tube Table. Four bit binary value with ARG[11:8] = Bit[3:0] (example ARG8 = 1, ARG9 = 0, ARG10 = 0, ARG11=0 would be Tube = 0001b = 1. ARG12 = Load Tube Default to FRAM. If this bit is 1 then switch 8 on the Dip Switches is set, and the unit is set to load the tube table selected by switches 1-4 From FPGA ROM into FRAM. This is done to initialize the tube table to default values. This is not the correct setting for normal operation, and the predictive filament preheat adjustments will be

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overwritten if the unit is powered up. 0 = Unit keeps current FRAM contents (normal operation). ARG13 = Ready Status, 1 = Unit is ready to make X-Rays, 0 = Unit is not Ready. ARG14 = Setup Error, 1= The current exposure setup programmed into the unit is invalid. The unit will not be allowed to turn on high voltage, and attempting to do so will result in a “setup fault”. 0 = The current exposure setup is valid. Note that this status ARG is not a “fault”. You do not have to clear the fault register to clear the Setup Error flag, you just have to correct the setup. ARG15 = Calibration Mode. 1 = The unit is in calibration mode. It has received a command to enter calibration mode, and the calibration is in progress, or waiting for the user to start it. 0 = The unit is not in calibration mode. (See section 11 on calibration for more information) ARG16 = Filament Open Loop. 0 = Normal operation (Filament closed loop). 1 = Test mode - Filament control feedback loop is disabled. ARG17 = AC/DC Fault bypass. 0 = Normal operation (line voltage input fault not bypassed). 1 = Test mode (line voltage fault is bypassed). ARG18 = Open Filament Fault bypass, 0 = Normal operation (unit faults on open filament). 1 = Test mode (unit will not fault i f open filament). ARG19 = Analog Programming Mode, 0 = Normal operation (unit is under digital control from serial interface). 1 = Test mode (unit is programmed via analog control). ARG20 = Over duty Fault bypass. 0 = Normal operation (over duty fault not bypassed). 1 = Test mode. Unit will not fault if maximum duty cycle exceeded. ARG21 = kV / mA hold Bypass. 0 = Normal operation, kV and mA feedback values are held for 2 seconds after the end of the exposure. 1 = Values are not held. (See note 3 for the analog monitor read back command for more inform ati on) . ARG22 = Over Power Bypass. 0 = Normal Operation. 1 = Test mode over power fault by pas sed. ARG23 = Inverter Over Temperature. 0 = Inverter Temperature OK. 1 = Inverter Temperature Sensor reads over 60c, not OK to start an exposure. (See note 2 below) ARG24 = Duty cycle limit ok. 1 = Ok to enter Prep. 0 = Not ready to enter prep because to do so would put the unit in an Over duty condition. This bit indicates if the unit over-duty protection will allow a new exposure cycle to begin. It combines the 20 second between exposure, 5 seco nd on time in 2 minutes, and 2 Rotor starts in 1 minute limitations.

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It also includes the Inverter Over-Temperature Flag. (Also see note 2 below). ARG25 = Break after exposure. 0 = Break after exposure off, 1 = Break after exposure on. ARG26 = HSS Speed. X-Ray tube Rotor Speed setting. 1 = High Speed, 0 = Low Speed.

Notes:

1. ARG16 to ARG19 and ARG22 should always read as 0 during normal operation. If any of these are 1 the unit may not function correctly or may not protect itself against damage as designed.

2. ARG24 (Duty cycle OK) applies specifically and only to the duty cycle limitations. These are:

o Required 20 Second Pause between exposures. o No more than 5 sec exposure time in 2 minutes o No more than 2 X-Ray tube rotor starts in 1 minute o Inverter Temperature sensor must not read over 60c.

This ARG combines all of the above conditions in to a single flag. If all of the conditions are ok, then the Duty cycle OK flag will be 1 and it is ok to enter prep. If any of the conditions, listed above, that would prevent an exposure is present, this ARG will be 0, and attempting to enter prep will result in an over-duty fault. Note that if other faults or a setup error exist, you will not be able to do an exposure even though this flag says it is ok to enter Prep. This flag applies only to duty cycle related conditions. This flag should be ignored once the unit enters Prep. It may or may not remain 1 through the entire exposure cycle. When you finally exit Prep the flag will again be valid. Over duty conditions are only checked when entering Prep, so if the over duty condition occurs during an exposure, the exposure will be allowed to complete without generating an over duty fault.

Example: <STX>22,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,<CSUM><ETX>

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4.4.3 Request Fault Sta tus

Description: The host requests that the firmware report Faults.

Direction: Host to supply

Syntax: <STX><68><,><CSUM><ETX>

Response: <STX><68><,><ARG1><,><ARG2><,><ARG3><,><ARG4><,><A RG5><,><ARG6><,><ARG7><,><ARG8><,><ARG9><,><ARG10> <,><ARG11><,><ARG12><,><ARG13><,><ARG14><,><ARG15> <,><ARG16><,><ARG17><,><CSUM><ETX>

Where: (ARG# in ASCII format) <ARGx> 1 = Fault, 0 = No Fault

ARG1 = Interlock 1 (Tube Temp) ARG2 = Interlock2 (Tube Flow) ARG3 = HSS Fault ARG4 = ARC ARG5 = Over Power ARG6 = Over Time ARG7 = Over mAs ARG8 = Over Duty ARG9 = Over Voltage ARG10 = Over Current ARG11 = Regulation ARG12 = Open Filament ARG13 = Filament ARG14 = AC/DC

ARG15 = Under Time ARG16 = Safety Interlock Fault ARG17 = Setup Fault

Fault Description ARG1 = Tube Over temperature Indicator or general purpose interlock 2. Unit input Logic High / Open is fault state, Logic Low / Closed (shorted to ground) is good state.

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ARG2 = Tube Flow switch or general purpose interlock 3. Unit input Logic High / Open is fault state, Logic low / Closed (shorted to ground) is good state. ARG3 = High Speed Starter Fault. One (or more) of the possible High Speed Starter faults have occurred. Information on the specific faults can be obtained using the “Request Expanded HSS Status” Command. ARG4 = ARC fault. There has been a high voltage arc. ARG5 = An attempt was made to turn X-Ray on with an invalid setting that would result in an over power condition (power > 5kW). ARG6 = Over Time. This fault is possible only when AEC Mode is Active. It indicates that the exposure was terminated by the supply internal exposure timer, rather than the AEC Control signal. That is, the exposure time programmed into the unit expired with the AEC control and exposure control signals on. ARG7 = Over MAS. The exposure mAs, was 25% or greater over the programmed setting. ARG8 = Over Duty. An over duty fault will be generated if prep is entered when any of the following conditions is true:

- The total exposure time for previous exposures ex c eeds 5 seconds in any 2 minute period.

- An attempt to start a new exposure is made less than 20 seconds after the previous exposure ended.

- An attempt to start a new exposure is made when the Inverter Temperature Sensor reading exceeds 60c.

The system is limited to a total exposure time of 5 seconds over a 2 minute period. If the cumulative exposure time exceeds 5 seconds, the exposure will be allowed to complete norm ally, and the system will not fault. However, if an attempt is made to turn XRay on again before the sufficient has elapsed, the system will set this fault. The system also can’t begin another exposure until 20 seconds has elapsed from the last exposure. An attempt to start an exposure before 20 seconds has pas se d fro m the end of the previous exposure will result in an over duty fault. The Inverter Temperature sensor detects excessive heat buildup on the Inverter IGBTs, and new exposures are not allowed when the sensor reads > 60c. ARG9 = Overvoltage – Set if the output voltage exceeds 42765V for more than 1msec. ARG10 = Overcurrent – Set if the output current exceeds 213.828 mA for more than 100msec. ARG11 = Regulation – Set if the output voltage (kV) or current (mA) is more than +/- 25% of the set value. Note that the kV value is allowed 30 msec from X-Ray on and the mA value is allowed 250 msec from X-Ray on to settle before the fault can occur.

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ARG12 = Filament Open. The X-Ray tube filament is open circuit. (Filament burned out or bad connection). ARG13 = Filament Over current. The current through the filament as measured by the filament feedback circuit has exceeded the maximum allowed current for more than 20 msec. ARG14 = AC/DC Fault. The line input voltage is low. ARG15 = Under Time. If not in AEC mode his fault indicates that the exposure was terminated by the removal of the Exposure Control signal prior to the expiration of the programmed exposure time. If AEC mode is active it indicates removal of the exposure control signal with the AEC signal in the exposure ON state. ARG16 =Safety interlock fault. An attempt was made to turn on the X-Ray with the safety interlock open, or the safety interlock opened during X-Ray On time. ARG17 = Setup Fault. An attempt was made to turn X-Ray On with an invalid setup (Arg14 of request status command = 1). The user must clear the fault and correct the unit setup before an exposure can be made. See the note after the exam pl e.

Example: <STX><68>,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,<CSUM><ETX> Note: Operation of the Invalid Setup Status and Fault flags.

This note is an attempt to clarify the operation of the Invalid Setup Status Flag returned in the Request Status message and the Setup Fault Flag returned in the Request Faults message. The Invalid Setup flag does not indicate a fault. In fact it can be expected that during the process of changing exposure settings using the “Individual setting” commands (Such as “Set Exposure kV”) you may temporarily have an illegal setup. When you have finished the setup however, you should not have an invalid exposure indication. If you do try turn on the X-Ray with an illegal setup, this does generate a “Setup Fault”, and this fault must be cleared using the “Reset Faults” command. The rational for this is that a fault indicates that something in the exposure did not work as expected. Since the host expected the X-Ray to go on when commanded, but the X-Ray will not be allowed to turn on with an illegal setup this is clearly not what the host expected to happen. The “Setup Fault” will never happen provided the host does not try to turn the X-Ray on with illegal exposure settings.

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4.4.4 Reset Faults

Description: The host requests that the fir mware resets all Fault messages and indicators. Note tha t i f the fault persists after the reset fault message the fault will immediately reoccur. For example if the DC rail voltage is low (AC/DC fault) and you clear the faults, again reading the faults will still sho w a DC ra il fault.

Direction: Host to supply

Syntax: <STX><31><,><CSUM><ETX>

Example: <STX>31<CSUM>,<ETX>

Response: <STX><31><,><$><,><ETX>

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4.4.5 Set Exposure Settings

Description: The host requests that the firmware change the exposure settings of kV, mA, exposure time and filament large/small. Note: Thi s command changes the same parameters as the individual “Set Exposure” commands. It can be used in place of or along with these commands, or not used at all. Using this command allows for additional parsing and expanded error code response over using individual commands but otherwise performs the same function. This command should only be used when the unit is in 3-Point Mode. If you are in 2-Point mode the command will not change the exposure settings.

Direction: Host to supply

Syntax: <STX><50><,><ARG1><,><ARG2><,><ARG3><,><ARG4><,><C SUM><ETX>

Where: (ARG# in ASCII format) ARG1 = Exposure Time (in milliseconds) ARG2 = kV program (0-4095 = 0-50,000V) ARG3 = mA program (0-4095 = 0-200mA) ARG4 = Large/Small Filament = 1 – Large, 0 - Small

Example: <STX>50,4095,4095,4095,1,<CSUM><ETX>

Response: <STX><50><,><$><,><CSUM><ETX>

Notes: The maximum allowed exposure time is the smaller of 12000msec or the value specified by the Tube Tabl e. The tube table value is a function of kV, mA, Filament and HSS Speed. The default Minimum allowed exposure tim e is 5 milliseconds. kV program is 50kV/4095 = 12.21V/Bit mA program is 200mA/4095 = 0.04884mA/Bit

Error / Warning Code Responses: <STX><50><,><E><,><CSUM><ETX>

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Where E is:

3 = Argument 1, Exposure time is out of bounds. 4 = Argument 2, kV set point is out of bounds 5 = Argument 3, mA set point is out of bounds 6 = Argument 4, filament selection is invalid (must be 0 for small, or 1 for large) 7 = mAs out of range. The requested exposure time * mA set point is too large

8 = kV-mA-fil error. The requested combination of kV, mA

and filament settings is invalid. (Individually all arguments

are in valid range, but the combination is not). 9 = State Error. An attempt to change exposure settings was made while X-Ray was on. 10 = Invalid Setup (Warning) – When the current settings are combined with the HSS Speed the setup is invalid. 11 = Mode Error – The unit is in 2-Point Mode, not 3-Point mode. This command is used in 3-Point Mode only.

Note 1:

To clarify the meaning error codes, please note the

following. Error Code 8 is returned if the Tube Table for that

kV/mA/Filament setting has zero exposure time for both High

and Low speed, meaning there is no pos si bl e combi nation of

exposure time and HSS speed that is valid for that

combination of kV/mA/filament. If the Tube Table has a non-

zero exposure time, and the set exposure time (argument 1)

is greater than the maximum exposure time with HSS = Fast,

then an Error code of 3 is returned. This means that it is

possible to make exposures with that kV/mA/Filament, but

not at the requested exposure time. Finally, if the setup

would be valid for HSS = Fast, but HSS is currently set to

Slow, a warning code of 10 is returned. Note 2:

This command can be used to set up the 2nd part of a Smart

AEC exposure, but the new filament setting must be the

same as the current filament or a State Error will occur. In

addition the AEC control signal must be in the “X-Ray Off”

state or a State Error will occur.

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4.4.6 Get Exposure Settings

Description: The host requests that the firmware return the current exposure settings of kV, mA, exposur e ti me and filament. IMPORTANT NOTE: The values read may not be the same as written with the “Set Exposure Settings” Command if you are in 2Point Mode. In 2-Poi nt mode mA and Exposure Time settings are automatically determined by the firmware using the kV and mAs settings.

Direction: Host to supply

Syntax: <STX><51><,><CSUM><ETX>

Example: <STX><51><,><CSUM><ETX>

Response: <STX><51><,><ARG1><,><ARG2><,><ARG3><,><ARG4><,><C SUM><ETX>

Where: (ARG# in ASCII format) ARG1 = Exposure Time (in milliseconds) ARG2 = kV program (0-4095 = 0-50,000V) ARG3 = mA program (0-4095 = 0-200mA) ARG4 = Large/Small Filament = 1 – Large, 0 - Small

Notes: kV program is 40kV/4095 = 12.21V/Bit mA program is 200mA/4095 = 0.04884mA/Bit

Example: <STX><51>,2000,4095,4095,1,<CSUM><ETX>

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4.4.7 Set Exposure mAs and mA

Description: This command is valid only when mAs+mA mode is selected via the set Mode 3-Point / 2-Point / mAs + mA command. (Command =

55) The host requests that the firmware change the exposure settings by specifying kV, mAs, mA and fila men t . The exposure time will be dependent of the mAs and mA select ed.

Note: This command changes the same parameters as the individual “Set Exposure” commands. It can be used in place of or along with these commands, or not used at all. Using this command allows for additional parsing and expanded error code response over using individual commands but otherwise performs the same function. This command should only be used when the unit is in mAs + mA Mode. If you are in 2-Point or 3-Point, mode the command will not change the exposure settings.

Direction: Host to supply

Syntax: <STX><71><,><ARG1><,><ARG2><,><ARG3><,><ARG4><,><C SUM><ETX>

Where: (ARG# in ASCII format) ARG1 = kV program, 0-4095 = 0-50,000V ARG2 = mAs program, 0 to 6000 = 0 – 600mAs (0.1mAs / bit) ARG3 = mA program, 0-4095 = 0-200mA ARG4 = Large/Small Filament = 1 – Large, 0 - Small

Example: <STX>71,4095,4095,4095,1,<CSUM><ETX>

Response: <STX><71><,><$><,><CSUM><ETX>

Notes: The maximum allowed exposure time is the smaller of 12000msec or the value specified by the Tube Table. The tube table value is a function of kV, mA, Filament and HSS Speed. The default Minimum allowed exposure tim e is 5 milliseconds.

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kV program is 50kV/4095 = 12.21V/Bit mAs program is 600mAs/6000 = 0.1mAs/Bit mA program is 200mA/4095 = 0.04884mA/Bit

Error / Warning Code Responses: <STX><71><,><E><,><CSUM><ETX> Where E is:

3 = Argumen t 1, kV set point is out of bounds 4 = Argument 2, mAs set point is out of bounds 5 = Argument 3, mA set point is out of bounds 6 = Argument 4, filament selection is invalid (must be 0 for small, or 1 for large) 7 = Exposure time too long or short. The selected mAs & mA result in an exposure time longer than the maximum allowed for the tube, or less than 5ms.

8 = kV-mA-fil error. The requested combination of kV, mA

and filament settings is invalid. (Individually all arguments

are in valid range, but the combination is not). 9 = State Error. An attempt to change exposure settings was made while X-Ray was on. 10 = Invalid Setup (Warning) – When the current settings are combined with the HSS Speed the setup is invalid. 11 = Mode Error – The unit is not in mAs+mA Mode, this command is not allowed in 2-Point Mode or 3-Point mode.

Note 1:

To clarify the meaning error codes, please note the

following. Error Code 8 is returned if the Tube Table for that

kV/mA/Filament setting has zero exposure time for both High

and Low speed, meaning there is no pos si bl e combi nation of

exposure time and HSS speed that is valid for that

combination of kV/mA/filament. Note 2:

This command can be used to set up the 2nd part of a Smart

AEC exposure, but the new filament setting must be the

same as the current filament or a State Error will occur. In

addition the AEC control signal must be in the “X-Ray Off”

state or a State Error will occur.

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4.4.8 Set HSS Speed

Description: The host requests that the firmware set the High Speed Starter (XRay tube Rotor Speed) to Fast or Slow. Note: There is no get HSS Speed command. The current speed setting can be found using the Request Status command (ARG26 = HSS Speed) This command should only be used when the unit is in 3-Point Mode. If you are in 2-Point mode the HSS Speed is automatically set based on kV and mAs settings.

Direction: Host to supply

Syntax: <STX><59><,><ARG1><,><CSUM><ETX>

Where: ARG1 = Speed in ASCII format = Fast – 1, Slow - 0

Example: <STX>59,1,<CSUM><ETX>

Response: <STX><59><,><$><,><CSUM><ETX>

Error / Warning Code Responses: <STX><59><,><E><,><CSUM><ETX> Where E is: 3 = Invalid Argument (was not 1 or 0) 10 = Invalid Setup (Warning) – When the current settings are

combined with the new HSS Speed the setup is invalid.

11 = Mode Error, unit is in 2-Point mod e not 3-Point Mode.

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4.4.9 Set Exposure Time

Description: The host requests that the firmware set the Exposure Time. This is the time an exposure will be allow ed to run (high voltage on) unless it is otherwise terminated by an external control signal such as the exposure control, or the AEC control signal. This command is used in 3 point exposure mode (also called manual exposure mode). The setting of this value is ignored when the unit is operated in 2 point or mAs+mA expos ur e m ode, and a mode error is returned. In 2 point exposure mode the exposure time is calculated from the mAs setting. In mAs+mA mode it is determined by the mAs and mA settings. If the new setting is in the valid range, and the new setting in combination will the current settings of the other exposure parameters is valid the unit will respond with a “$ “ following the command field. If the new setting is valid, but the combination of the new setting plus the current settings of the other exposure parameters is illegal the unit will respond with a warning code of 10. In this case the host will be required to correct the setup problem before the exposure can begin. If the setting is invalid / out of range the unit will respond with and error code of 3 and the previous value of the exposure time will remain in effect. If the X-Ray is currently on the unit will return an error code of 9 (state error). The host is not allowed to modify exposure settings while the high voltage is on.

Direction: Host to supply

Syntax: <STX><72><,><ARG1><,><CSUM><ETX>

Where: ARG1 = Exposure time setting in milliseconds. Range 20 to 12000. Note: Actual maximum allowed will vary depending other parameters.

Example: <STX>72,100,<CSUM><ETX>

Response: <STX><72><,><$><,><CSUM><ETX>

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Error / Warning Code Responses: <STX><72><,><E><,><CSUM><ETX> Where E is: 3 = Exposure time out of bounds 9 = State Error (can’t change when X-Ray is on) 10 = Invalid Setup Warning 11 = Mode Error, unit is not in 3-Point Mode

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4.4.10 Set Exposure kV

Description: The host requests that the firmware set the Exposure kV set-point. This is the desired voltage output of the supply for the next exposure. If the new setting is in the valid range, and the new setting in combination will the current settings of the other exposure parameters is valid the unit will respond with a “$ “ following the command field. If the new setting is valid, but the com bi nation of the new setting plus the current settings of the other exposure parameters is illegal the unit will respond with a warning code of 10. In this case the host will be required to correct the setup problem. If the setting is invalid / out of range the unit will respond with and error code of 3 and the previous value of the kV program (set-point) will remain in effect. If the X-Ray is currently on the unit will return an error code of 9 (state error). The host is not allowed to modify exposure settings while the high voltage is on.

Direction: Host to supply

Syntax: <STX><10><,><ARG1><,><CSUM><ETX>

Where: ARG1 = Exposure kV program. Range = 0-4095 = 0-50,000V Scaling = 50kV/4095 = 12.21V/Bit

Example: <STX>10,2047,<CSUM><ETX>

Response: <STX><10><,><$><,><CSUM><ETX>

Error / Warning Code Responses: <STX><10><,><E><,><CSUM><ETX> Where E is: 3 = kV setting is out of bounds 9 = State Error – (Can’t change with X-Ray on) 10 = Invalid Setup Warning

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4.4.11 Set Exposure mA

Description: The host requests that the firmwar e set the Exposure mA set-point. This is the desired current output of the supply for the next exposure. This command is used in 3 point exposure mode (also called manual exposure mode) and mAs+mA mode. The setting of this value is ignored when the unit is operated in 2 point exposure mode. In 2 point exposure mode the exposure mA is calculated from the mAs setting. If the new setting is in the valid range, and the new setting in combination will the current settings of the other exposure parameters is valid the unit will respond with a “$ “ following the command field. If the new setting is valid, but the combination of the new setting plus the current settings of the other exposure parameters is illegal the unit will respond with a warning code of 10. In this case the host will be required to correct the setup problem. If the setting is invalid / out of range the unit will respond with and error code of 3 and the previous value of the mA program (setpoint) will remain in effect. If the X-Ray is currently on the unit will return an error code of 9 (state error). The host is not allowed to modify exposure settings while the high voltage is on.

Direction: Host to supply

Syntax: <STX><11><,><ARG1><,><CSUM><ETX>

Where: ARG1 = Exposure mA program. Range = 0-4095 = 0-200 mA Scaling = 200mA/4095 = 0.04884mA/Bit

Example: <STX>11,2048,<CSUM><ETX>

Response: <STX><11><,><$><,><CSUM><ETX>

Error / Warning Code Responses: <STX><11><,><E><,><CSUM><ETX> Where E is: 3 = mA setting is out of bounds 9 = State Error – (Can’t change with X-Ray on) 10 = Invalid Setup Warning

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11 = Mode Error, unit is in 2-Point mod e not 3-Point Mode

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4.4.12 Set Exposure Filament (large spot / small spot)

Description: The host requests that the firmware set the Exposure filament. This is the filament to be used for the next exposure. This command is used both in 3 point exposur e m ode ( al so called manual exposure mode), 2 point exposure mode and mAs+m A M ode. In 2 point mode his value is used along with the kV and mAs values to calculate the exposure mA and Time. If the new setting is in the valid range, and the new setting in combination will the current settings of the other exposure parameters is valid the unit will respond with a “$ “ following the command field. If the new setting is valid, but the combination of the new setting plus the current settings of the other exposure parameters is illegal the unit will respond with a warning code of 10. In this case the host will be required to correct the setup problem. If the setting is invalid / out of range the unit will respond with and error code of 3 and the previous value of the filament program will remain in effect. If the “Prep” signal is active the unit will return an error code of 9 (state error). The host is not allowed to modify the filament setting while an exposure sequence is active. Also, in Smart AEC Mode the filament must be the same in all exposures. You can set it large or small in the first exposure in the smart AEC sequence, but it must be set the same in all subsequent exposures.

Direction: Host to supply

Syntax: <STX><73><,><ARG1><,><CSUM><ETX>

Where: ARG1 = Filament Select. Range = 0 or 1 (0 = Small, 1 = Large)

Example: <STX>73,1,<CSUM><ETX>

Response: <STX><73><,><$><,><CSUM><ETX> Error / Warning Code Responses: <STX><73><,><E><,><CSUM><ETX> Where E is: 3 = invalid argument (not 1 or 0)

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9 = State Error – (Can’t change with X-Ray on) 10 = Invalid Setup Warning 11 = Mode Error, unit is in Smart AEC Mode.

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4.4.13 Set Exposure mAs

Description: The host requests that the firmware set mAs (milliamp-seconds) for the next exposure. This command is used in 2 point exposure mode and mAs+mA. When the unit is in 2 point mode the mA, exposure time, and HSS Speed are automatically calculated based on is setting plus the tube table. The setting of this value is ignored when the unit is operated in manual (3 point) exposure mode. If the new setting is in the valid range, and the new setting in combination will the current settings of the other exposure parameters is valid the unit will respond with a “$ “ following the command field. If the new setting is valid, but the combination of the new setting plus the current setting of the kV is illegal the unit will respond with a warning code of 10. In this case the host will be required to correct the setup problem. If the setting is invalid / out of range the unit will respond with and error code of 3 and the previous value of the mAs will remain in effect. If the X-Ray is currently on the unit will return an error code of 9 (state error). The host is not allowed to modify exposure settings while the high voltage is on. Direction: Host to supply

Syntax: <STX><74><,><ARG1><,><CSUM><ETX>

Where: ARG1 = Exposure mAs program. Range = 0 to 6000 = 0 – 600mAs Scaling = 0.1 mAs / Bit

Example (set mAs to 50.5 milliamp-seconds): <STX>74,505,<CSUM><ETX>

Response: <STX><74><,><$><,><CSUM><ETX>

Error / Warning Code Responses: <STX><74><,><E><,><CSUM><ETX> Where E is: 3 = Argument is out of bounds 9 = State Error – (Can’t change with X-Ray on) 10 = Invalid Setup Warning 11 = Mode Error, unit is in 3-Point mod e not 2-Point Mode

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4.4.14 Request Exposure Time Set-point

Description: The host requests that the firmware report the current exposure time set point. This is the current value of the exposure control timer, not the actual time of the last exposure. The value is 0-12000 in mSec. Note: This command reads the value currently being used by the system, which is mode dependent. In 2 point mode this value is calculated using the mAs value along with the tube table. In manual mode this value is set using the “Set Exposure Time” command. When in 2 point mode the value read by this command is not the same as what is set using the “Set Exposure Time” Command.

Direction: Host to supply

Syntax: <STX><52><,><CSUM><ETX>

Response: <STX><52><,><ARG><,><CSUM><ETX>

Where: <ARG> = 0 - 12000 in ASCII format, scaling = msec/Bit

Example: <STX>52,<CSUM><ETX>

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4.4.15 Request kV Set-Point

Description: The host requests that the firmware report the kV set point. This is the current value of the exposure kV setting. The value is 0-4095 scaled the same as the kV program value: 50kV/4095 = 12.21V/Bit

Direction: Host to supply

Syntax: <STX><14><,><CSUM><ETX>

Response: <STX><14><,><ARG><,><CSUM><ETX>

Where: <ARG> = 0 - 4095 in ASCII format, scaling = 12.21V/Bit

Example: <STX>14,<CSUM><ETX>

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4.4.16 Request Exposure mA Se t -Point

Description: The host requests that the firmware report the current mA set point. The range is 0-4095 corresponding to mA values of 0-200 mA =

0.04884mA/Bit Note: This command reads the value currently being used by the system, which is mode dependent. In 2 point mode this value is calculated using the mAs value along with the tube table. In 3-Point or mAs+mA mode this value is set using the “Set mA Set-point” command. When in 2 point mode the value read by this command is not necessarily the same as what may have been previously set using the “Set mA Set-point” Command.

Direction: Host to supply

Syntax: <STX><15><,><CSUM><ETX>

Response: <STX><15><,><ARG><,><CSUM><ETX>

Where: <ARG> = 0 - 4095 in ASCII format

Example: <STX>15 ,<CSUM><ETX>

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4.4.17 Request Exposure Filament Setting

Description: The host requests that the firmware report the current filament selected. Returns the ASCII char “0” if small filament, “1” if large filament: This command reads the value currently being used by the system, which is mode dependent. In 2 point mode this value is selected using the mAs value along with the tube table. In manual (3 point) mode this value is set using the “Set filament” command . When in 2 point mode the value read by this command is not necessarily the same as what is set using the “ Set filament” Command

Direction: Host to supply

Syntax: <STX><53><,><CSUM><ETX>

Response: <STX><53><,><ARG><,><CSUM><ETX>

Where: <ARG> = 0 or 1 in ASCII format. 0 = Small, 1 = Large

Example: <STX>53,<CSUM><ETX>

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4.4.18 Request Exposure mAs setting

Description: The host requests that the firmware report the current mAs setting.The range is 0-6000 corresponding to mAs values o f 0-600 mAs= 0.1 mAa/Bit Note: This command reads the value set by a previous “Set Exposure mAs” command. If the system is in 2 point or mAs+mA mode, this is the current mAs setting. If the system is in manual (3 point) mode then this value is calculated from the set mA and set exposure time (msec).

Direction: Host to supply

Syntax: <STX><54><,><CSUM><ETX>

Response: <STX><54><,><ARG><,><CSUM><ETX>

Where: <ARG> = 0 – 6000 in ASCII format, Scale = 0.1 mAs / Bit

Example: <STX>54 ,<CSUM><ETX>

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4.4.19 Request Last Exposure kV Monitor

Description: The host requests that the firmware report the kV monitor value for the last exposure. This is the average value of the exposure kV for the previous exposure. If this value is read during the exposure the average value to that point is reported. The last exposure average value will be held until either a new exposure is started or a new prep cycle is started (Prep goes from inactive to active). If either of these conditions occurs, the held value is discarded and the current kV value is reported. The kV monitor value is from 0 – 4095, corresponding to voltages 0V – 53476V, (10.44V / Bit).

Direction: Host to supply

Syntax: <STX><60><,><CSUM><ETX>

Response: <STX><60><,><ARG><,><CSUM><ETX>

Where: <ARG> = 0 - 4095 in ASCII format (0-4095 = 0-53476 V) Scaling = 53476/4095 = 13.06 V / Bit

Example: <STX>60,4095,<CSUM><ETX>

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4.4.20 Request Last Exposure mA Monitor

Description: The host requests that the firmware report the mA monitor value for the last exposure. The monitor value reporting is as follows: If the exposure is active (X-Ray is On) is on the value is updated continuously, and the request will report the average mA value up to the point where the request was made. If an exposure has competed (X-Ray On to Off) the request will report the average value of the mA for the entire period of the last exposure (X-Ray On).

The last exposure value will be held until either a new

exposure is started or a new prep cycle is started (Prep goes from inactive to active). If either of these conditions occurs, the held value is discarded and the current mA value is reported. The mA monitor value is from 0 – 4095, corresponding to currents 0mA – 213.828mA, (10.44V / Bit). Direction: Host to supply

Syntax: <STX><61><,><CSUM><ETX>

Response: <STX><61><,><ARG><,><CSUM><ETX>

Where: <ARG> = 0 - 4095 in ASCII format (0-4095 = 0-213.828 mA) Scaling = 0.0522168 mA / Bit

Example: <STX>61,4095,<CSUM><ETX>

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4.4.21 Get Last Exposure Time

Description: The host requests that the firmware sends the last exposure time length, as measured from the 75% of progr amm ed val ue poi n ts . This is the actual exposure time of the last exposure, not the value set by the “Set Exposure Settings” Command.

Direction: Host to supply

Syntax: <STX><65><,><CSUM><ETX>

Example: <STX>65,<CSUM><ETX>

Response: <STX><65><,><ARG1><,><CSUM><ETX>

Where: <ARG1> = last exposure time in milliseconds (in ASCII format)

Example: <STX>65,4095,<CSUM><ETX>

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4.4.22 Set Brake After Exposure

Description: The host requests that the firmware set the Brake After Exposure setting. When Break After Exposure is on, the unit will begin breaking (stopping the rotor) immediately after the end of the current exposure. In this mode it is required that the host begin a new Prep cycle (Prep inactive to active) before a new exposure can be started. When Break After Exposure is off, the rotor remains running past the end of the exposure for a period of time specified by the Break after Exposure Hang time. As long as prep remains active and the Break after Exposure Hang time does not expire, a new exposure can be started without cycling Prep. See Section 7.0 for more details on Break After Exposure operation. Note, there is no corresponding Get Break After Exposure command. The current Break After Exposure setting is available using the Request Status Command.

Direction: Host to supply

Syntax: <STX><35><,><ARG1><,><CSUM><ETX>

Where: <ARG1> = Brake after exposure, 1 or 0 in ASCII format 1 = Break After Exposure mode is On 0 = Break After Exposure mode if Off

Example: <STX>35,1,<CSUM><ETX>

Response: <STX><35><,><$><,><CSUM><ETX>

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4.4.23 Set Break After Exposure Hang Time

Description: The host requests that the firmware change the break after exposure hang time. This is the amount of t ime the X-Ray tube rotor will be kept running after the end of an exposure. The time is in milliseconds. See the Set Break After Exposure Command for more de t ail s . Also see S ecti o n 7. 0 for more details on Break After Exposure operation. Note 1: The Break After Exposure Hang Time setting has no effect when Break After Exposure is set ON. In this case the rotor begins breaking immediately regardless of this setting. Note 2: The default Hang Time is 30 seconds, and the last value set by this command is stored in non-volatile memory and reloaded the next time the unit is powered up.

Direction: Host to supply

Syntax: <STX><36><,><ARG><,><CSUM><ETX>

Where: <ARG> = 0 – 65536 in ASCII format, Break after Exposure Hang Time in milliseconds.

Example: (Sets the hang time to 30 seconds = 30000 msec) <STX>36,30000,<CSUM><ETX>

Response: <STX><36><,><$><,><CSUM><ETX>

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4.4.24 Get Break After Exposure Hang Time

Description: The host requests that the firmware report the current Break After Exposure Hang Time. This is the amount of time the X-Ray tube rotor is driven after the end of an exposur e. The time is specified in milliseconds. See the Set Break After Exposure Command for more details. Also see Section 7.0 for more details on Break After Exposure operation.

Direction: Host to supply

Syntax: <STX><37><,><CSUM><ETX>

Response: <STX><37><,><ARG><,><CSUM><ETX>

Where: <ARG> = 0 - 65535 in ASCII format. This is the Break After Exposure Hang time in milliseconds.

Example: <STX>37,<CSUM><ETX>

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4.4.25 Set AEC Mode (Standard Automatic Exposure Control Mode)

Description: The host requests that the set the AEC (Automatic Exposure Control)

Mode On or Off. This mode is sometimes also called “Standard AEC Mode” in this document to differentiate it from “Smart-AEC Mode”. When AEC is set “On”, the unit will operate in AEC mode. The AEC control signal, also called the X-Ray disable signal, will be allowed to turn the X-Ray On / Off. If the AEC mode is Off the AEC control signal will be ignored.

Direction: Host to supply

Syntax: <STX><57><,><ARG><,><CSUM><ETX>

Where: <ARG> = 0 or 1, 0 = AEC Mode Off, 1 = AEC Mode On

Example: (Sets the AEC Mode On) <STX>57,1,<CSUM><ETX>

Response: <STX><57><,><$><,><CSUM><ETX>

Error / Warning Code Responses: <STX><57><,><E><,><CSUM><ETX> Where E is: 3 = invalid argument (not 1 or 0) 9 = State Error – (Can’t change with X-Ray on)

Note: Standard AEC mode and S mart AE C Mode are mutually exclusive. When a set AEC mode “On” command is received Smart-AEC mode is automatically set “Off”.

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4.4.26 Request AEC Mode

Description: The host requests that the firmware report the current setting of the AEC (Automatic Exposure Control) Mode, On or Of f.

Direction: Host to supply

Syntax: <STX><58><,><CSUM><ETX>

Response: <STX><58><,><ARG><,><CSUM><ETX>

Where: <ARG> = 0 - 1 in ASCII format. 0 = AEC Mode Off / 1 = On

Example (AEC Mode is OFF) <STX>58,0,<CSUM><ETX>

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4.4.27 Set Mode 3-Point / 2-Point / mAs + mA

Description: The host requests that the set the unit to operate in 2-Point, 3

Point, or mAs+mA mode. (Note that 3-Point mode also called manual mode).

In 3-Point mode the host programs the unit by specifying kV and mA set-points, exposure time, filament size, and HSS Speed.

In 2-Point mode the host specifies the filament, kV set point and the mAs (milliamp-seconds) for the exposure an d th e exposure mA, exposure time and HSS Speed are automatically set based on those. The exposure mA chosen will be the highest allowed mA for the tube for the given filament and kV settings.

In mAs+mA mode the host progr ams the uni t by specifying filament, kV, mAs and mA. The exposure time is automatically determined by those parameters.

IMPORTANT NOTE: Changing the modes does NOT change any of the current exposure settings. The host should set 2-Point, 3Point or mAs+mA mode before programming the appropr i ate exposure settings.

Direction: Host to supply

Syntax: <STX><55><,><ARG><,><CSUM><ETX>

Where: <ARG> = 0,1, or 2, 0 = 3-Point (manual) mode, 1 = 2-Point mode,

2 = mAs+mA mode

Example: (Sets 2-Point mode) <STX>55,1,<CSUM><ETX>

Response: <STX><55><,><$><,><CSUM><ETX>

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Spellman PMX Instruction Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual