Spellman PMX Instruction Manual
R
PMX
Instruction Manual
MODEL :
SERIAL# :
DATE :
SPELLMAN
HIGH VOLTAGE ELECTRONICS
CORPORATION
475 Wireless Blvd.
Hauppauge, New York, 11788
+1(631) 630-3000*FAX: +1(631) 435-1620*
E-mail: sales@spellmanhv.com
Website: www.spellmanhv.com
High Voltage Power Supply
PMX MANUAL 118163-001 Rev A
IMPORTANT SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
SAFETY
THIS POWER SUPPLY GENERATES VOLTAGES THAT ARE DANGEROUS AND MAY BE FATAL.
OBSERVE EXTREME CAUTION WHEN WORKING WITH THIS EQUIPMENT.
High voltage power supplies must always be grounded.
Do not touch connections unless the equipment is off and the
Capacitance of both the load and power supply is discharged.
Allow five minutes for discharge of internal capacitance of the power supply.
Do not ground yourself or work under wet or damp conditions.
SERVICING SAFETY
.
Maintenance may require removing the instrument cover with the power on.
Servicing should be done by qualified personnel aware of the electrical hazards.
WARNING note in the text call attention to hazards in operation of these units
that could lead to possible injury or death.
CAUTION notes in the text indicate procedures to be followed to avoid possible
damage to equipment.
Copyright © 2000, Spellman High Voltage Electronics Corporation. All Rights Reserved.
This information contained in this publication is derived in part from proprietary and patent data. This information has
been prepared for the express purpose of assisting operating and maintenance personnel in the efficient use of the
model described herein, and publication of this information does not convey any right to reproduce it or to use it for
any purpose other than in connection with installation, operation, and maintenance of the equipment described.
118004-001 REV. B
WICHTIGE SICHERHEITSHINWEISE
SICHERHEIT
DIESES HOCHSPANNUNGSNETZTEIL ERZEUGT LEBENSGEFÄHRLICHE HOCHSPANNUNG.
SEIN SIE SEHR VORSICHTIG BEI DER ARBEIT MIT DIESEM GERÄT.
Das Hochspannungsnetzteil muß immer geerdet sein.
Berühren Sie die Stecker des Netzteiles nur, wenn das Gerät ausgeschaltet ist und die elektrischen
Kapazitäten des Netzteiles und der angeschlossenen Last entladen sind.
Die internen Kapazitäten des Hochspannungsnetzteiles benötigen ca. 5 Minuten, um sich zu entladen.
Erden Sie sich nicht, und arbeiten Sie nicht in feuchter oder nasser Umgebung.
SERVICESICHERHEIT
Notwendige Reparaturen können es erforderlich machen, den Gehäusedeckel während des Betriebes zu
entfernen.
Reparaturen dürfen nur von qualifiziertem, eingewiesenem Personal ausgeführt werden.
“WARNING” im folgenden Text weist auf gefährliche Operationen hin, die zu Verletzungen oder zum Tod
führen können.
“CAUTION” im folgenden Text weist auf Prozeduren hin, die genauestens befolgt werden müssen, um
eventuelle Beschädigungen des Gerätes zu vermeiden.
118004-001 REV. B
PRECAUTIONS IMPORTANTES POUR VOTRE SECURITE
CONSIGNES DE SÉCURITÉ
CETTE ALIMENTATION GÉNÈRE DES TENSIONS QUI SONT DANGEUREUSES ET PEUVENT ÊTRE FATALES.
OYEZ EXTRÊMENT VIGILANTS LORSQUE VOUS UTILISEZ CET ÉQUIPEMENT.
S
Les alimentations haute tension doivent toujours être mises à la masse.
Ne touchez pas les connectiques sans que l’équipement soit éteint et que la capacité à la fois de la charge et de
l’alimentation soient déchargées.
Prévoyez 5 minutes pour la décharge de la capacité interne de l’alimentation.
Ne vous mettez pas à la masse, ou ne travaillez pas sous conditions mouillées ou humides.
CONSIGNES DE SÉCURITÉ EN CAS DE REPARATION
La maintenance peut nécessiter l’enlèvement du couvercle lorsque l’alimentation est encore allumée.
Les réparations doivent être effectuées par une personne qualifiée et connaissant les risques électriques.
Dans le manuel, les notes marquées « WARNING » attire l’attention sur les risques lors de la manipulation de ces
équipements, qui peuvent entrainer de possibles blessures voire la mort.
Dans le manuel, les notes marquées « CAUTION » indiquent les procédures qui doivent être suivies afin d’éviter
d’éventuels dommages sur l’équipement.
118004-001 REV. B
IMPORTANTI PRECAUZIONI DI SICUREZZA
SICUREZZA
QUESTO ALIMENTATORE GENERA TENSIONI CHE SONO PERICOLOSE E
POTREBBERO ESSERE MORTALI.
PONI ESTREMA CAUTELA QUANDO OPERI CON QUESO APPARECCHIO.
Gli alimentatori ad alta tensione devono sempre essere collegati ad un impianto di terra.
Non toccare le connessioni a meno che l’apparecchio sia stato spento e la capacità interna
del carico e dell’alimentatore stesso siano scariche.
Attendere cinque minuti per permettere la scarica della capacità interna dell’alimentatore
ad alta tensione.
Non mettere a terra il proprio corpo oppure operare in ambienti bagnati o saturi d’umidità.
SICUREZZA NELLA MANUTENZIONE.
Manutenzione potrebbe essere richiesta, rimuovendo la copertura con apparecchio
acceso.
La manutenzione deve essere svolta da personale qualificato, coscio dei rischi elettrici.
Attenzione alle AVVERTENZE contenute nel manuale, che richiamano all’attenzione ai
rischi quando si opera con tali unità e che potrebbero causare possibili ferite o morte.
Le note di CAUTELA contenute nel manuale, indicano le procedure da seguire per evitare
possibili danni all’apparecchio.
118004-001 REV. B
Contents
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION ....................................................2
1.1 PMX DESCRIPTION...............................................2
1.1.1 Power Supply Requirements ................................3
1.1.2 Environment Requirements ..................................4
1.2 THEORY OF OPERATION ....................................4
1.2.1 Function Overview ...............................................4
1.2.2 Line Rectification and Filterin g ...........................4
1.2.3 Inverter .................................................................4
1.2.4 High Voltage Transformer ...................................4
1.2.5 High Voltage Assembly ........................................4
1.2.6 System Control PWB ............................................4
1.2.7 Filament Power Supply ........................................5
1.2.8 High Speed Starter ...............................................6
1.3 SAFETY ...................................................................7
1.3.1 Safety and Warning Symbols ................................7
CHAPTER 2 INSTALLATION .....................................................8
2.1 INTRODUCTION ....................................................8
2.2 UNPACKING ..........................................................8
2.3 OVERALL CONNECTIONS ............................................8
2.4 POWER LINE MAINS .......................................... 10
2.5 Cable connection illustration ............................. 10
2.5.1 HV Cable Connection ........................................ 10
2.5.2 Stator Cable Connection .................................... 11
2.5.3 Filament Driver Cable Connection .................... 11
2.6 MULTI INTERFACE CABLE CONNECTIONS .. 12
2.6.1 Pin Layout of the Multi interface ....................... 12
2.7 INTERLOCK CONNECTIONS ...................................... 14
2.8 TUBE CURRENT MONITOR CONNECTION................. 14
2.9 GROUND CONNECTION .................................... 14
2.9.1 X-Ray Tube Housing Ground ............................. 14
2.9.2 Chassis Ground .................................................. 15
2.10 FINAL CHECKS .................................................... 15
2.11 GUI SOFTWARE .................................................. 15
CHAPTER 3 ........................................................................... 17
INTERFACING ........................................................................ 17
3.2 MULTI INTERFACE............................................. 17
3.2.1 Connector Style and Pin Layout ........................ 17
3.2.2 Serial Communication Interface ........................ 18
3.2.3 Digital I/O Control Inte rface ............................. 19
3.2.4 Remote Status Interface ..................................... 20
3.2.5 Remote Monitoring Interface ............................. 22
3.3 ETHERNET INTE RFACE ............................................. 22
CHAPTER 4 CONFIGURATION, CAL IBRATION AND
OPERATION .......................................................................... 23
4.1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................ 23
4.2 TUBE PREHEAT TABLE CONFIGURATION .................. 23
4.3 FILAMENT AU TO -CALIBRATION ............................... 25
4.4 OPERATING X-RAY EXPOSURES ............................... 26
4.4.1 Normal Exposure ............................................... 26
4.4.2 AEC Exposure .................................................... 28
4.4.3 Smart AEC Exposure ......................................... 29
CHAPTER 5 ........................................................................... 32
TROUBLE SHOOTING ............................................................ 32
5.1 INTRODUCTION ................................................. 32
5.2 STATUS AND ERROR CODES ........................... 32
5.2.1 Status Messages ................................................. 32
5.2.2 Faults Messages ................................................ 33
CHAPTER 6 ....................................................................... 39
MAINTENANCE ............................................................... 39
6.1 INTRODUCTION ................................................. 39
6.2 PERFORMANCE TEST ............................................... 39
6.3 HIGH VOLTAGE D IVIDER S ........................................ 39
CHAPTER 7 ....................................................................... 40
REPLACEMENT PARTS .................................................. 40
CHAPTER 8 ....................................................................... 41
FACTORY SERVICE ........................................................ 41
PMX MANUAL 1 118164-001 REV. A
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 PMX DESCRIPTION
Spellman’s PMX redefines the standard for high
performance Mam mography X-Ray generator s
including FFDM and DBT. It features 2 and 3
point exposure modes as well as smart AEC
with pre exposure.
The 50kV @ 5kW (peak) high voltage output
coupled with a dual focal spot, DC current
source filament power supply provides stable
and accurate X-Ray tube emission currents.
The solid encapsulated high voltage output
section eliminates oil concerns while reducing
effects of environmental humidity and
contamination.
PMX’s flexible interfacing and controlling
capabilities as well as powerful application
features represent a radically new advanced
approach to mammography X-Ray generators.
PMX MANUAL 2 118164-001 REV. A
1.1.1 Power Supply Requirements
Single Phase
Line Voltage 200Vac-240Vac, +/-10%, 1 Phase, 35 Amps
Line Frequency 50/60 Hz.
In Rush Current 50 Amps, Maximum
Standby Current 1 Amp
WARNING: The PMX generator can provide power that can damage the X-Ray tube. The user is
responsible for limiting the maximum exposure values to within the ratings of the X-Ray
tube. Spellman is not liable for any damage to the X-Ray tube by the misuse of the PMX
X-Ray generator.
The following table defines the power line requirements for the generators.
NOTE: THE FOLLOWING TABLE CONTAINS RECOMMENDED VALUES FOR THE WIRE SIZES
BETWEEN THE MAINS DISCONNECT AND THE GENERATOR. THE ACTUAL VALUES USED AT
AN INSTALLATION ARE DEPENDENT ON THE QUALITY OF THE INPUT LINE (VOLTAGE
LEVEL) THE CURRENT REQUIREMENTS AND THE LENGTH OF THE CABLE RUN AND MUST
BE CONFIRMED BY THE INSTALLER.
ALL THE RATINGS LISTED CONSIDER THE GENERATOR REQUIREMENTS ONLY. THE
INSTALLER MUST MAKE THE NECESSARY COMPENSATION FOR ADDITIONAL LOAD
REQUIREMENTS
A POOR QUALITY INPUT LINE MAY RESULT IN THE INSTALLER HAVING TO
DERATE THE GENERATOR'S MAXIMUM POWER
Mains
Voltage
220 Vac
Minimum
Recommended
Mains
Disconnect
to Generator
15 ft./5 m max)
#10
2
(6 mm
)
• External EMC Filter (required to meet
CE/EMC specifications) – Not provided with
the generator. Custom er is responsible f or
providing the external filter as needed;
Schaffner FN2070-08-36A type EMI filter or
equivalent one recommended.
PMX MANUAL 3 118164-001 REV. A
Generator
In Rush Line
Current
50 A 35 A #10
Minimum
Recommended
Generator
Service Rating
• Mains Contactor - Not provided within the
generator. Customer is responsible for
mains safety disconnection.
Minimum
Recommended
Ground
Wire
Size
2
(6 mm
)
Apparent
Mains
Resistance
0.06 Ω
Operating Temperature
10 to 40 °C (50 to 104 °F).
Relative Humidity
20 to 85%, non-condensing.
Atmospheric pressure range
500 to 1060 hPa (375 to 795 mm Hg).
TRANSPORT AND STORAGE
Ambient temperature range
-40 to 85 °C (-40 to 185 °F).
Relative humidity
5 to 95%, non-condensing.
Atmospheric pressure range
500 to 1060 hPa (375 to 795 mm Hg).
1.1.2 Environment Requirements
Operating Environment
1.2 THEORY OF OPERATION
1.2.1 Function Overview
The PMX X-Ray generator utilizes sophisticated
power conversion technology. A variety of
analog, digital and switching pow er conversion
techniques are used throughout.
The PMX generator is basically an AC to DC
power converter. Within the generator,
conversions of AC to DC, then to high frequency
AC, then to high voltage DC take place. By
reviewing further the sub-assemblies, a basic
understanding of the process can be gained.
1.2.2 Line Rectification and Filtering
Basic AC line rectification provides the DC buss
voltage for the high voltage inverter, Anode
rotor drive, and the filament supply.
The input line voltage can vary from 180V up to
264V within the series.
The line voltage is connected directly to the EMI
filter. The EMI filter reduces conducted HF noise
on the AC mains. The output of the EMI f ilter is
connected to an off line auxiliary power inverter
circuit that provides 2 4V power for gener ating
other auxiliary supply DC voltages.
1.2.3 Inverter
The inverter is a “half -bridg e” topolog y. Cur rent
mode control is used for driving the inverter. An
IGBT power module employed. The IGBT
provides high frequency switching to control the
primary current flow to the high voltage
transformer.
Circuits on the Power PCB board provide the
gate control of the IGBT switches. The system
control board generates gate drive control
signals. The circuits on t he Po wer PC B pro vi de
the required gate voltages and off s ets .
1.2.4 High Voltage Transformer
The output of the High Frequency Quasiresonant Inverter is connected to the primary of
the High Voltage Transformer. The High
Voltage Transform er is a step up type. T ypical
secondary output voltage is in the range of
12.5kV depending upon output voltage ratings.
1.2.5 High Voltage Assembly
The High Voltage Assembly will vary depending
upon the model ord ered. The circu itry typically
consists of an arrangement of half wave voltage
doubler.
A high bandwidth resistive/capacitive divider
provides voltage feedback for regulation and
monitoring. A sense resistor connected at the
low voltage end of the High Voltage Multiplier
circuit pro vides current feedback for regulation
and monitoring.
1.2.6 System Control PWB
Auxiliary DC voltages are generated in the low
voltage power supply section of the System
Control PWB.
PMX MANUAL 4 118164-001 REV. A
LEDs provide status diagnostics needed for
recognizing the operation/shutdown mode of
the generator.
A precision +10Vdc reference is generated on
the control PCB for programming kV, mA and
other references.
Control of the generator utilizes sophisticated
analog and digital circuitr y resulting in fast and
accurate control, protection and communication
interfacing.
This generator is based on advanced quasiresonant PWM control. Analog signals are
digitized in A/D conver ter and pr ocess ed with in
FPGA and DSP circuits to provide maximum
accuracy and reliability.
All feedback signals are sent to the user
interface through digital an d D/A circ uits where
switching is possible between feedback and
program signals. This allows the us er to pres et
the desired output before energizing high
voltage.
All program voltages ar e typically ramped up to
set level by the digital ramp generator.
FPGA and accompanying A-D and D-A
converters and drivers provide system Fault
Control Indicat ion. User interface is proces sed
on this PWB as well, providing isolated relay
coils, opto couplers and open collector contacts.
1.2.7 Filament Power Supply
The filament inverter provides the power to drive
the filament winding of the X-Ray tube. The
filament inverter is a high frequency, series
resonant inverter. The inverter provides high
frequency ac current to the primary of the
filament isolation transformer. The filament
isolation transformer secondary is connected to
a full wave rectifier and capacitor f ilter creating
a DC filament. Rela y K4 connects the f ilament
output to TB3 terminals 1 or 3 for small or large
filament respectively as required by the
operator. The filam ent circuitry also provides a
variety of control, diagnostic and protection
functions.
See Figure 1.2 for a simplified diagram of the XRay tube connection and current sensing
circuits. The filament circuitry also provides a
variety of control, diagnostic and protection
functions.
If any abnormal c ondition appears, monitoring
circuitry will shut down the unit indicating the
fault.
Figure 1.2 Simplified schematic of X-Ray tube connection
PMX 5 118164-001 REV. A
1.2.8 High Speed Starter
The rotating anode is powered and controlled
by the action of a split-phase t ype of induction
motor circuits in the PMX generator. The
rotating anode has considerable mass to
dissipate the heat generated by the beam
current, and subse quently requires some tim e
to accelerate to its norm al operat ing sp eed. T o
reduce this time, the “h igh s peed s tart er ” cir cuit
in the PMX applies a series of “boost” steps
consisting of different frequencies and
increased voltage during the boost cycle to
increase the accelerati on of the anode rotat ion
to operating speed within several seconds.
Following the boost cycle, the applied voltage is
reduced to proper vo ltage to maintain ro tation.
There are two operati ng modes for the anode
rotor: low speed (60Hz stator voltage), and high
speed (180Hz stator voltage). These are
selected by the operator depending on the
requirements of the application.
The PMX is equipped with safety interlock s for
user personnel and equipment protection. An
open interlock circuit inhibits operation of the
PMX generator.
PMX MANUAL 6 118164-001 REV. A
High voltage symbol use d to indic ate the pres ence of
Warning symbol used to indicate a potential hazard to
1.3 SAFETY
1.3.1 Safety and Warning Symbols
WARNING: THIS X-Ray UNIT MAY BE DANGEROUS TO OPERATOR UNLESS SAFE EXPOSURE
FACTORS AND OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS ARE OBSERVED.
The following advisory symbols are used on the safety warning labels, and/or on circuit boards.
high voltage.
operators, service personnel or to the equipment.
PMX MANUAL 7 118164-001 REV. A
CHAPTER 2
INSTALLATION
2.1 INTRODUCTION
This chapter contains instructions for
unpacking, positionin g, and cabl ing the PMX
generator, allowing for initial power-up and
exposures.
2.2 UNPACKING
WARNING: THE GENERATOR
WEIGHS APPROXIMATELY
23 POUNDS (10.5KG).
1. Inspect the package exterior for
evidence of dam age du e to handling
in transit. Notify the carrier and
Spellman immediately if damage is
evident. Do not destroy or remove
any of the packing material used in a
damaged shipment.
2. Remove the cardboard outer
packaging. See the cautionary note
below before removing the
packaging.
CAUTION: OPEN THE CARDBOARD
PACKAGING CAREFULLY. SHARP TOOLS MAY
DAMAGE THE CONTENTS.
3. Set aside the cardboard packaging.
4. After unpacking, inspect for visible
damage.
5. Keep the shipping containers. In
case of shipping dam age, place the
unit(s) back in its s hipping pack and
notify the carrier and the Customer
Support Department as indicated in
this manual.
2.3 OVERALL CONNECTIONS
NOTE: THIS IS BASIC CONNECTION
ILLUSTRATION FOR TESTING. MORE
COMPLEX AND DEDICATED CIRCUITRY
IS NEEDED IN THE FINAL APPLICATION.
All cables should be route d away from high
voltage areas, and dressed and secured
neatly in place. Cables s hould be cut to the
correct length if possible as excess cabling
may contribute to EMI/RFI problems. For
those cables that cannot be cut to the correct
length (HV cables and console cables for
example), try to minimize the area inside any
loops of excess cable, as t hese loops are in
effect an antenna.
PMX MANUAL 8 118164-001 REV. A
PMX MANUAL 9 118164-001 REV. A
Figure 2-1: PMX I/O and indicator locations
TB1
1.GROUND
2.AC-1
3.AC-2
JB1
CONTROL
INTERFACE
TB3
TB2
ANODE DRIVE
FILAMENT DRIVE
HIGH VOLTAGE
OUTPUT
JB3
ETHERNET
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
1
2
3
4
GROUND STUD
SYSTEM INTERLOCK
FILTER
N
L
PE
mA TEST PINS
FUSE CONTACTOR
INTERFACE
CABLE
SYSTEM INTERFACE
(OPTIONAL)
X-RAY TUBE
HV CABLE
VMX GENERATOR
POWER LINE
LV CABLE
INTERLOCK
SHORT THE WIREPAIR IF
SYSTEM INTERLOCK NOT
AVAILABLE
INTERLOCK WIRE
USER SUPPLIED COMPONENT
NOTE:
2.4 POWER LINE MAINS
WARNING: MAIN CONTACTOR IS NOT
PROVIDED WITHI N TH E G EN ER A TO R ,
CUSTOMER IS RESPONSIBLE FOR MAINS
SAFETY DISCONNECTION.
PMX MANUAL 10 118164-001 REV. A
Figure 2-2: Overall connection
The PMX supply does not contain power
line current limiting or fuses. It is strongly
recommended that the user provide fuses
or circuit breaker protection on the input
power lines to limit fault current that may
occur due to component failure, or
operator error. Fuses or circuit breake rs
with current rating of 35 Amps are
recommended
Refer to Chapter 1 for generator po wer and
generator power line requirements.
1. Check the input voltage rating on the
nameplate of the supply and make
certain that this is the rating of the
power source to be connected.
2. Units operate on 200V-240VAC, +/-
3. A three-wire terminal block (TB1) is
4. DO NOT SWITCH ON MAINS
2.5 Cable connection illustration
2.5.1 HV Cable Connection
The X-Ray tube should be mounted in its
1. Verify that the HV cable terminations
2. Be sure that the rubber expansion
10%, 50/60Hz, single phase 35A.
provided for connecting to the AC
supply (refer to Figure 2-2).
POWER AT THIS TIME.
normal fixture i.e. tube stand or other
device.
are clean and in good condition.
ring is located at the bottom of the HV
cable plug.
3. Connect HV cable to the CA3 type
high voltage output terminal at rear of
the unit.
4. Connect the other side of HV c able
to the corresponding HV te rminal on
tube housing.
5. Connect the cable shield wire
accompanying HV c able to the PMX
ground stud and tube housing
separately.
2.5.2 Stator Cable Connection
Refer to Table 2-1 for the X-Ray tube stator
connections.
1. Tube low voltage cable is a hybrid
one with filament and stator drive
wire bundled together. Tube side
should be standard terminal style,
while generator side is unterminated.
Customer should term inate the wire
with suitable terminal.
2. Connect wires from the X-Ray tube
housing low voltage connector stator
pins to PMX terminal block TB2
terminals 1 (stator PHASE), 2 (stator
RUN), 3 (stator COM), and 4
(GROUND).
3. Connect tube thermal switch wires to
TB3-5 and TB3-6 if present. If not,
short the two pins. Normally, there
are no such separate wires for
MAMMO tubes; it is always
integrated into the three phase line.
Refer to tube hous ing dat a sheet for
specific information.
2.5.3 Filament Driver Cable Connection
1. Filament driver cable has three wires
and bundled together with stator
wires within same cable. Customer
should terminate the wire with
suitable terminals and lea ve enough
length to reach the terminal TB3.
2. Connect wires from the X-Ray tube
housing low voltage connector
filament pins to PMX terminal block
TB3 terminals 1 (FIL Small), 2 (FIL
COM), and 3 (FIL Large).
PMX MANUAL 11 118164-001 REV. A
Pin #
Definition
Description
TB3-1
SMALL FIL
To tube small filament.
TB3-2
COMMON
To tube filament common.
TB3-3
LARGE FIL
To tube large filament.
Pin #
Definition
Description
JB1-1
GND
Generator signal groun d for referenc e of interface
JB1-2
(+) 5VDC Out
5 volts DC from generator for use in powering
such as optocouplers. 100mA
maximum.
JB1-3
RS232 Tx Out
RS232 Transmit (out) from generator
JB1-4
RS232 Rx In
RS232 Receive (in) to generator
JB1-5
PREP
User Signal (Contact Closure) to alert the
this signal is active, exposure parameters are
enables the starter to boost the rotor. Contact
JB1-6
READY
Generator Signal to user to indicate the rotor r uns
JB1-7
ROTOR SHUTDOWN
User Signal to generator to brake the rotor drive off.
JB1-8
EXPOSURE
User Signal (Contact Closure) to generator to
Voltage is generated after the boost time.
pin 24. Closed=Exposure.
Table 2-2. Pin layout of filament driver connector.
2.6 MULTI INTERFACE CABLE
CONNECTIONS
The PMX has multi interface connections
include digital I/O, serial communication, and
interlock. Operator m ust verify and connect
every signal properly though some of them
are optional, before initiating power-up and
basic test.
The interlock, serial communication and
exposure buttons interface shall be made
available via a multi signal cable. Refer to *-*
for a schematic of isolation and signal
direction.
2.6.1 Pin Layout of the Multi interface
The multi signal interface shall have a female
25 pin D-Sub (JB1) on the PMX. Twisted
pairs shall be used where applicable. The pin
layout is giv en in Table 2-3.
circuits
interface circuitry
generator that exposure sequence will begin. Once
locked in and cann ot be changed. The gener ator
connection to pin 24. Closed = PREP.
to speed and the generator is ready for X-Ray
exposure. Transistor output. Low/Active=Ready
Low brakes Rotor. (Open wil l not restart rot or until
a new PREP cycle is started). Reference to GND.
generate X-Rays. Filament is boosted, and High
PMX MANUAL 12 118164-001 REV. A
(Approximately 1 second). Contact connection to
JB1-9
X-Ray ON 75% Status
Transistor output to indicate X-Ray ON status.
Status Synchronize with 75% kV setting point.
JB1-10
X-Ray ON Status
Transistor output to indicate HV ON status.
Synchronize with HV start-up.
JB1-11
N/C
Not Used
JB1-12
X-Ray SHUTDOWN/AEC
User Signal to generator to rapidly turn HV OFF
Reference to
GND. LOW Shuts down HV.
JB1-13
RS232 ISO Ground
Isolated ground from the isolated RS232
transceiver I.C.
JB1-14
HVG FAULT Status
Generator signal indicating generator fault. Open
collector transistor output. Lo w/Ac ti ve =Fau lt
JB1-15
Status Bit 1
3 bit status lines f or up to 6 status m essages . See
functionality. Open Collector transistor output.
JB1-16
Status Bit 2
JB1-17
Status Bit 3
JB1-18
N/C
N/C
JB1-19
N/C
N/C
JB1-20
kV Monitor
Signal from generator. 0-10V=0-50kV. Zout=1K
ohm
JB1-21
Emission Monitor
Signal from generator. 0-10V=0-200m A. Zout=1K
ohm
JB1-22
Filament Current Monitor
Signal from generator. 0-10V=0-6A. Zout=1K ohm
JB1-23
Program/Monitor Return
Ground for reference of program and monitor
signals
JB1-24
+24VDC Out
For connection to P REP and EXPOSURE control
relay coils.
JB1-25
SHIELD/GND
For connection of interface cable shield to
generator chassis ground.
(Reference to GND). High/Active=X-Ray ON
(Reference to GND). High/Active=HV ON Status.
and ON during Exposure. (AEC).
separate matrix (Table 2-4) describing
Low/Active=Message.
Table 2-3 Pin layout of multi signal connector
Refer to chapter 3 for detailed requirements and function descriptions.
PMX MANUAL 13 118164-001 REV. A
Pin #
Definition
Description
TB3-5
Interlock 2 +
Used if tube has separate thermostat switch.
TB3-6
Interlock 2 -
TB3-7
Interlock 3 +
Used if tube has cooling circulator flow switch.
TB3-8
Interlock 3 -
TB3-9
Safety Interlock+
User signal (Contact Closure) f or safety interlock s
HV OFF, or
TB3-10
Safety Interlock-
Pin #
Definition
Description
TB3-15
Tube current +
Tube current flows out from this pin.
TB3-16
Tube current -
Tube current flows into this pin.
2.7 Interlock Connections
Interlock connections are provided for a
variety of safety functions such as room door
interlock, separate thermal switch interlock,
tube flow switch interlock. The unit will not
operate unless the interlocks are closed.
2.8 Tube Current Monitor Connection
Tube current test pins are provided for
monitoring the actual tube current (mA) if
needed. Normally, a jumper is installed to
short the two pins (refer to Figure 2-2).
The pin definition shows below:
Opening the interlock circuit will cause the
unit to shut off.
Three safety interlocks are located in TB3 for
system interlock purpose. Short the terminals
if not used.
The pin definition shows below:
Open=over temp. (Short terminals if not used).
Open=no flow. (Short terminals if not used).
such as door interlocks. Open turns
inhibits HV from being generated.
Remove the jumper and install the current
meter in series to monitor the actual tube
current.
Two test pins are located in TB3 (TB3-15,
TB3-16). Short the two pins if not used.
2.9 GROUND CONNECTION
NOTE: THE INSTALLER SHOULD ENSURE THAT ALL CABLE CONNECTIONS TO THE GENERATOR
ARE SECURE, AND ALL CABLES EXTERNAL TO THE GENERATOR ARE
ADEQUATELY PROTECTED AGAINST ACCIDENTAL DISCONNECTION.
2.9.1 X-Ray Tube Housing Ground
A separate ground wire (10 AWG, 6mm
must be connected from the X-Ray tube
housing to the ground stud on the r ear of the
PMX chassis. These ground locations may
have other ground wires already connected;
PMX MANUAL 14 118164-001 REV. A
ensure that these existing ground wires are
not disconnected when making the X-Ray
2
)
tube ground connection.
Failure to make this groun d connection may
result in intermittent operation and/or
exposure errors or even worse IGBT failure.
2.9.2 Chassis Ground
The chassis of the P MX generator m ust be
grounded to the local earth grou nd and also
to the tube housing groun d. See Figure 2-2
for typical operating setup. A three-wire
terminal block is provided for connecting to
the AC supply.
2.10 FINAL CHECKS
NOTE: THE INSTALLER SHOULD ENSURE THAT ALL CABLE CONNECTIONS TO THE
GENERATOR ARE SECURE, AND ALL CABLES EXTERNAL TO THE GENERATOR ARE
ADEQUATELY PROTECTED AGAINST ACCIDENTAL DISCONNECTION.
2.11 GUI SOFTWARE
The optional GUI utility software allows for
data communication between the generator
and an external computer. This provides a
“virtual console” with which user can release
all the command defined in the protocol and
verifies all the functions independently before
The room interface c onnect ions m ay now be
completed. Before power on, user needs to
check the items as below finally.
• When finished all wiring, check that all
connections are tight and secure.
• Double check the breaker, EMC filter,
fuses, etc. User is res ponsible f or on t he
main input power lines.
• Check that all cables are dressed neatl y
outside the cabinet, and secured as
necessary.
• Check the ground connection again.
integrating the generator into their ultimate
system.
The GUI consists of the Analog Monitor
Section, the System Status Section, the Fault
Section, the Command Tab Section, the Com
Monitor Display, and the Menu.
PMX MANUAL 15 118164-001 REV. A
The Command Tab section, along with the
Monitor / Status / Fault sections provide
access to the various com mands defined in
the PMX Protocol Spec. The Analog Monitor,
System Status, and Fault sections are always
visible and can be accessed at any time. The
Command Tab section provides access to
function. Clicking on the tabs at the top of the
Command Tab section selects a particular
group of commands. Only one group (tab)
can be selected at any one time.
See separate docum ent for t he detaile d GUI
instruction.
other commands grouped together by
PMX MANUAL 16 118164-001 REV. A
Pin #
Definition
Description
JB1-1
GND
Generator signal groun d for referenc e of interface
JB1-2
+5VDC Out
5 volts DC from generator for use in powering
. 100mA
JB1-3
RS232 Tx Out
RS232 Transmit (out) from generator
JB1-4
RS232 Rx In
RS232 Receive (in) to generator
JB1-5
PREP
User Signal (Contact Closure) to alert the
this signal is active, exposure parameters are
enables the starter to boost the rotor. Contact
CHAPTER 3
INTERFACING
3.1 introduction
This chapter describes the interfacing of the
PMX generator to the customer s ystem control
side, especially with th e serial communication,
3.2 MULTI INTERFACE
NOTE: THE INSTALLER MUST PROVIDE THE NECESSARY INTERFACING CABLES FOR WIRING TO THE
GENERATOR INPUTS AND OUTPUTS DESCRIBED IN THIS SECTION.
WARNING: LINE VOLTAGE IS PRESENT INSIDE THE GENERATOR AT ALL TIMES THAT THE MAIN
DISCONNECT IS SWITCHED ON. FOR SAFETY, THE MAIN DISCONNECT SHOULD BE
SWITCHED OFF AND LOCKED OUT WHILE CONNECTING ROOM EQUIPMENT.
3.2.1 Connector Style and Pin Layout
exposure control switch. Also, exposure mode
is introduced with the timing sequence
described as well.
Figure 3-1 multi signal interface connector
PMX MANUAL 17 118164-001 REV. A
circuits
interface circuitry such as opto couplers
maximum.
generator that exposure sequence will begin. Once
locked in and cann ot be changed. The gener ator
connection to pin 24. Closed = PREP.
JB1-6
READY
Generator Signal to user to indicate the rotor r uns
JB1-7
ROTOR SHUTDOWN
User Signal to generator to brake the rotor drive off.
JB1-8
EXPOSURE
User Signal (Contact Closure) to generator to
pin 24. Closed=Exposure.
JB1-9
X-Ray ON 75% Status
Transistor output to indicate X-Ray ON status.
Ray ON
Status Synchronize with 75% kV setting point.
JB1-10
X-Ray ON Status
Transistor output to indicate HV ON status.
Synchronize with HV start-up.
JB1-11
N/C
Not Used
JB1-12
X-Ray SHUTDOWN/AEC
User Signal to generator to rapidly turn HV OFF
Reference to
GND. LOW Shuts down HV.
JB1-13
RS232 ISO Ground
Isolated ground from the isolated RS232
transceiver I.C.
JB1-14
HVG FAULT Status
Generator signal indicating generator fault. Open
collector transistor output. Lo w/Ac ti ve =Fau lt
JB1-15
Status Bit 1
3 bit status lines f or up to 6 status m essages . See
functionality. Open Collector transistor output.
JB1-16
Status Bit 2
JB1-17
Status Bit 3
JB1-18
N/C
N/C
JB1-19
N/C
N/C
JB1-20
kV Monitor
Signal from generator. 0-10V=0-50kV. Zout=1K
ohm
JB1-21
Emission Monitor
Signal from generator. 0-10V=0-200m A. Zout=1K
ohm
JB1-22
Filament Current Monitor
Signal from generator. 0-10V=0-6A. Zout=1K ohm
JB1-23
Program/Monitor return
Ground for reference of program and monitor
signals.
JB1-24
+24Vdc Out
For connection to P REP and EXPOSURE control
relay coils.
JB1-25
SHIELD/GND
For connection of interface cable shield to
generator chassis ground
to speed and the generator is ready for X-Ray
exposure. Transistor output. Low/Active=Ready
Low brakes Rotor. (Open wil l not restart rot or until
a new PREP cycle is started). Reference to GND.
generate X-Rays. Filament is boosted, and High
Voltage is generated after the boost time.
(Approximately 1 second). Contact connection to
(Reference to GND). High/Active=X-
(Reference to GND). High/Active=HV ON Status.
and ON during Exposure. (AEC).
Table 3-2 Pin layout of multi signal interface
3.2.2 Serial Communication Interface
separate matrix (Table 2-4) describing
Low/Active=Message.
PMX MANUAL 18 118164-001 REV. A
Pin #
Definition
Description
JB1-3
RS232 Tx
RS232 Transmit (out) from
JB1-4
RS232 Rx
RS232 Receive (in) to
JB1-13
RS232 ISO Ground
Isolated ground from the
The serial communication is part of the Multi
Signal Interface (JB1).
The pin definition shows below:
User should connect the R S232 cable properl y
with system side such as PC. Twisted wires are
preferable to enhance the EMC performance.
GUI software can be used temporarily to test the
PMX provided installed on the user PC. (Ref er
to separate document for detailed information of
GUI). But user need to develop their own
ultimate software based on open protocol
(Refer to separate document) and design
system control board to integrated PMX into
their system with proper method (Refer to 2.6.1
NOTE the isolation requirement).
3.2.3 Digital I/O Control Interface
Remote digital control of the PREP, ROTOR
SHUTDOWN, EXPOSURE, X-Ray
SHUTDOWN, are available on the 25-pin I/O
connector for maintenance. All of these controls
except PREP and EXPOSURE are toggle on/off
type signals. PREP and EXPOSURE are
The RS232 communic ation interface has been
isolated inside t he HVG with specific IC.
generator
generator
isolated RS232 transceiver I.C .
controlled by a momentary normally open
contact. If remote control is required, the remote
interface dummy plug must be removed and
replaced with the appropriate remote circuits.
See Figure 3-2 for recommended interface
circuits.
In order to eliminate sig nal bounce caused
by mechanical contact, an el ectron ic sw itch
such as opto coupler device is
recommended for these signals.
Warning: Max current that the +24Vdc
supply can provide is 100mA.
PMX MANUAL 19 118164-001 REV. A
JB1
Customer Interface
High Voltage
power supply
1
7
12
5
8
+5V
10K
Transistor On =
Rotor shutdown
+5V
10K
Transistor On =
X-ray OFF
+24V
Switch closed
for PREP
+24V
Switch closed
for EXPOSURE
NOTES:
Relay coil Z=178
Ω
+5V
24
+24V
3.2.4 Remote Status Interface
Remote status signals f or KV MIN tube curren t
limit, tube power limit, overvoltage, and filament
Figure 3-3 for recommended interface circuits.
Figure 3-2 Digital I/O Control Interface
Current limit, over temperature, and power
supply fault is provided.
These signals are open collector type.
(Normally off), and are intended to drive the
diode of an opto-coupler.
PMX MANUAL 20 118141-002 REV
JB1
Customer Interface
Generator interface
6
9
NOTES:
50mA max collector current on internal power supply transistors
+5V
330
100
+5V
1K
100
+5V
1K
100
10
+5V
330
100
+5V
330
100
+5V
330
100
+5V
330
100
READY
X-RAY ON Status
HV ON Status
14
HVG FAULT Status
15
BIT1 Status
16
BIT2 Status
17
BIT3 Status
LOW=READY
HIGH=X-RAY 75% ON
HIGH=X-RAY ON
HIGH=FAULT
LOW=ACTIVE
LOW=ACTIVE
LOW=ACTIVE
BIT1
BIT2
BIT3
MESSAGE
high
high
high
No Messages
low
high
high
Tube Temp/Flow Fault/HSS Fault
high
low
high
Arc Detected/Shutdown
high
high
low
Over Load: Power/MAS/Time/Duty
low
low
high
Over Voltage/Over Current/Regulation error
low
low
low
Open Filament/Filament Fault
Figure 3-3 Remote status interface
If a fault occurs, the power supply will shut down
and a 3 bit binary code will be gen erate d at the
user interface connector J B1. T o res et, use the
reset function on remote user interface.
Table 3-3 status messages matrix
The fault inf orm ation is provided with three bits
code. Below is the information list.
More than one fault is defined with one code
combination. Use can get specific fault
information by serial command.
PMX MANUAL 21 118164-001 REV. A
JB1
Generator side
22
Customer side
20
21
1K
0.1
1K
0.1
1K
0.1
23
M
M
M
kV monitor
mA monitor
Filament
monitor
Monitor return
NOTES:
1) Metering circuit should be high Z type(>10Meg)for accurat e measurement.
2) All signals 0-10Vdc = 0-100 % of specified maximum outputs .
Pin #
Definition
Description
JB3-1
TX+ White/Orange
JB3-2
TX- Orange
JB3-3
RX+ White/Green
JB3-4
POE V+ blue
JB3-5
POE V+ blue/white
JB3-6
RX- Green
JB3-7
POE V- brown/white
JB3-8
POE V- brown
3.2.5 Rem ote Monitoring Interface
Test points are made available at the 25-pin I/O
connector from monitoring tube voltage, tube
current and tube filament current. The test
Figure 3-4 for wiring diagram and specifications for remote monitor interface.
points are always positive regardless of the
output polarity, where 0 to 10V = 0-100% of
output. Accuracy is within ±0.5%. All test points
have output impedance of 1Kohm.
Figure 3-4 Remote monitoring interface
3.3 ETHERNET INTERFACE
Ethernet is an optional serial communication
interface with separate standard RJ45 style
RJ45 pin definition shows below:
connector. JB3 is terminal number.
10/100 Base-T Ethernet Interface
PMX MANUAL 22 118164-001 REV. A
CHAPTER 4 CONFIGURATION,
CALIBRATION AND OPERATION
4.1 INTRODUCTION
This chapter describes the procedure for
configuring the tube type, configuring user
WARNING: USE EXTREME CARE IN MEASURING HIGH VOLTAGES. ACCIDENTAL CO NTACT
MAY CAUSE SERIOUS INJURY OR DEATH.
MAINS VOLTAGE WILL BE PRESENT INS IDE THE GENERATOR CHASSIS, EVEN
WITH THE POWER SWITCHED OFF. THIS VOLTAGE IS EXTREMELY DANGEROUS,
USE EXTREME CAUTION.
THE DC BUS CAPACITORS, LOCATED ON THE DC BUS ASSEMBLY, PRE SENT A
HAZARD FOR A MINIMUM OF 5 MINUTES AFTER THE GENERATOR HAS BEEN
SWITCHED OFF. CHECK THAT THESE CAPACITORS ARE DISCHARGED BEFORE
TOUCHING ANY PARTS IN THE GENERATOR.
allowed dual speed starter data and
operating filament auto-calibration.
WARNING: THE PROCEDURES IN THIS CHAPTER REQUIRE THE PRODUCTION OF X-Rays.
TAKE ALL APPROPRIATE SAFETY PRECAUTIONS TO PROTECT PERSONNEL
FROM X-Ray RADIATION.
WARNING: ALWAYS ENSURE THAT THE EQUIPMENT UNDER TEST AND ALL ASSOCIATED
TEST EQUIPMENT IS PROPERLY GROUNDED
ENSURE THAT THE HIGH VOLTAGE C ABLES ARE INTACT / UNDAMAGED AND
PROPERLY CONNECTED BEFORE ATTEMPTING EXPOSURES
ENSURE THAT THE PMX IS PROPERLY
INSTALLED AS PER CHAPTER 2 AND
CHAPTER 3 BEFO RE OPER AT I NG W H AT
THIS CHAPTER DESCRIBES.
4.2 TUBE PREHEAT TABLE
CONFIGURATION
The PMX contains up to 2 tube types power
limitation an d filament value tables. Consult
Spellman representati ves when ordering for
available tube tables pre-installed or tube
type field configuration possibility.
Reloading the default preheat tables in the
PMX u nit requires use of the DIP switc hes.
The DIP switches are located near the edge
of the board, to the right of the connector. The
DIP switch identifiers are stenciled on the PC
Board just above the switches, and the
individual switches are numbered at the
bottom of the DIP switch. The figure below
illustrates the DIP switch placement.
PMX MANUAL 23 118164-001 REV. A
Table 1 -Tube Table Selection Matrix
Tube Selected
Tube number
Switch #1 Position
Switch #2 position
0
(Varian) M113T
3
Down
Up
Invalid Setting (do
not use)
Step
Action
1.
Power down the system, if it is not already powered down. Switch #8 on DIP Switch 1
should be in the up position as show above. This is the normal working position.
2.
Set Switch #8 on Dip Switc h 1 to the down position, th is is with the switch s et toward
#2 on DIP SW1 to the desired tube table as specified in Table 1 above.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
SW1
SW2
DIP SW1 – Switch
DIP SW1 – Switch #1
DIP SW1 – Switch #2
(Up Position Shown)
Figure 4-1: DIP Switches for Configuration
Switch 8 on DIP SW 1 controls the loading of
the default Tube Table in to FRAM. When the
unit is powered up with this switch in the
down position the sel ected tube def ault data
is loaded in to FRAM, overwriting any current
data, including learned pr eheat values. This
switch only causes tab le up date when it is in
the down position at power up. Setting the
switch to the down position after power up
does not change the tube table.
(Down Position Shown)
#8
(Up Position Shown)
Switch 1 and Switch 2 o n DIP SW 1 select
which tube table wi ll be loaded in to FRAM
and become the active T ube. The setting of
these switches only matters when Switch 8 is
in the Down position at power u p. Changing
the Switch 1 and/or Switch 2 does not change
or reload the tube table if the unit is po wer ed
up with Switch 8 in the up position.
(IAE)XM1016T
Follow the below steps to select the desired table from the pre-installed tube table:
the center of the board (opposite to the above illustration). Also set switch #1 and switch
PMX MANUAL 24 118164-001 REV. A
Up Up
Down Down
3.
Turn on the power to the PMX unit, and wait for 10 seconds. This will reload the selected
default table in to the FRAM.
4.
After the 10 seconds has elapsed, turn the power off, and return Switch 8 t o the Up
leave Switch 8 in the Up position.
Step
Action
1.
Entering calibration mode
2.
Enable Prep and Exposure to start calibration
filament will be affected. For example if small filament is calibrated and you attempt to
position. The tables have been reloaded and the system is ready to use. Make sure to
4.3 FILAMENT AUTO-CALIBRATION
The calibration function automatically
establishes calibration curves relating
filament current to tub e cur r ent (mA) at three
or four kV settings, dep ending on generator
type. This allows the g enerator to predic t t he
filament temperature (filament current) that
will be required for any mA value over the full
kV operating range.
It is recommended that the X-Ray tube be
seasoned before att empting auto cal ibrat ion ,
particularly if the tube has not been used for
Sending a “Set Calibration Mode” command (command number 28) with an argument of
1 or 2 or 3 with Prep and Exposure control in the OFF state. Gener ator w ill enter
calibration mode but in ‘pause’ state as the Prep and Exposure is inactive.
Calibration will be starting if both Prep and Exposure are activated. Once the sequence
has started the generator will automatically cycle through the exposure settings as long
as the Prep and Exposure control are ON until it either finishes calibration or there is an
exposure fault.
An exposure fault will cause the calibration routine to abort, and the unit to exit
calibration mode. If the user removes Prep and / or Exposure control during the
sequence, the calibration routine will enter a “Paused” state. It will not exit calibration
mode, but it will stop doing exposures and wait until Prep and Exposure control are both
returned to the ON state. If the user returns Prep and Exposure control ON, the PMX will
continue the calibration. Usually it will continue from where it was when the sequence
was paused, but depending on what it was doing when the calibration sequence was
interrupted it may go back and repeat a previous step.
The user may cancel calibration at any time by first setting Prep and / or exposure
control off, and then sending a “Set Calibration Mode” Command with an argument of 0.
Sending this command resets the calibration sequence. The next time calibration is
started it will go back to the beginning. Once calibration is started previous values for
preheat will be overwritten. Stopping calibration in the middle will result in some points
being calibrated and others not being calibrated. This may result in poor or inconsistent
preheat adjustment.
If user chooses to calibrate large and small filaments separately, only the chosen
some time. Refer to tube datasheet for
seasoning operation.
There are two different modes for user
selection to calibrate filament. User can
calibrate the large filament and small filament
separately or calibrate both large filament
and small filam ent at one t im e. Sendi ng “Set
Calibration Mode” command (command
number 28) with different argument will enter
different calibratio n mode (Refer to protoc ol
specification document for details).
Use these steps to per form the X-Ray tube
auto calibration function:
PMX MANUAL 25 118164-001 REV. A
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