R
Instruction Manual
225 SERIES
IEEE-488 Programmable High Voltage Power Supply
SPELLMAN
HIGH VOLTAGE ELECTRONICS
CORPORATION
One Commerce Park
Valhalla, New York, 10595
+1(914) 686-3600* FAX: +1(914) 686-5424*
E-mail: sales@spellmanhv.com
Website: www.spellmanhv.com
225 Series User’s Manual 118119-001 Rev A
IMPORTANT SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
SAFETY
THIS POWER SUPPLY GENERATES VOLTAGES THAT ARE DANGEROUS AND MAY BE FATAL.
OBSERVE EXTREME CAUTION WHEN WORKING WITH THIS EQUIPMENT.
High voltage power supplies must always be grounded.
Do not touch connections unless the equipment is off and the
Capacitance of both the load and power supply is discharged.
Allow five minutes for discharge of internal capacitance of the power supply.
Do not ground yourself or work under wet or damp conditions.
SERVICING SAFETY
.
Maintenance may require removing the instrument cover with the power on.
Servicing should be done by qualified personnel aware of the electrical hazards.
WARNING note in the text call attention to hazards in operation of these units
that could lead to possible injury or death.
CAUTION notes in the text indicate procedures to be followed to avoid possible
damage to equipment.
Copyright © 2000, Spellman High Voltage Electronics Corporation. All Rights Reserved.
This information contained in this publication is derived in part from proprietary and patent data. This information has
been prepared for the express purpose of assisting operating and maintenance personnel in the efficient use of the
model described herein, and publication of this information does not convey any right to reproduce it or to use it for
any purpose other than in connection with installation, operation, and maintenance of the equipment described.
118004-001 REV. B
WICHTIGE SICHERHEITSHINWEISE
SICHERHEIT
DIESES HOCHSPANNUNGSNETZTEIL ERZEUGT LEBENSGEFÄHRLICHE HOCHSPANNUNG.
SEIN SIE SEHR VORSICHTIG BEI DER ARBEIT MIT DIESEM GERÄT.
Das Hochspannungsnetzteil muß immer geerdet sein.
Berühren Sie die Stecker des Netzteiles nur, wenn das Gerät ausgeschaltet ist und die elektrischen
Kapazitäten des Netzteiles und der angeschlossenen Last entladen sind.
Die internen Kapazitäten des Hochspannungsnetzteiles benötigen ca. 5 Minuten, um sich zu entladen.
Erden Sie sich nicht, und arbeiten Sie nicht in feuchter oder nasser Umgebung.
SERVICESICHERHEIT
Notwendige Reparaturen können es erforderlich machen, den Gehäusedeckel während des Betriebes zu
entfernen.
Reparaturen dürfen nur von qualifiziertem, eingewiesenem Personal ausgeführt werden.
“WARNING” im folgenden Text weist auf gefährliche Operationen hin, die zu Verletzungen oder zum Tod
führen können.
“CAUTION” im folgenden Text weist auf Prozeduren hin, die genauestens befolgt werden müssen, um
eventuelle Beschädigungen des Gerätes zu vermeiden.
118004-001 REV. B
PRECAUTIONS IMPORTANTES POUR VOTRE SECURITE
CONSIGNES DE SÉCURITÉ
CETTE ALIMENTATION GÉNÈRE DES TENSIONS QUI SONT DANGEUREUSES ET PEUVENT ÊTRE FATALES.
OYEZ EXTRÊMENT VIGILANTS LORSQUE VOUS UTILISEZ CET ÉQUIPEMENT.
S
Les alimentations haute tension doivent toujours être mises à la masse.
Ne touchez pas les connectiques sans que l’équipement soit éteint et que la capacité à la fois de la charge et de
l’alimentation soient déchargées.
Prévoyez 5 minutes pour la décharge de la capacité interne de l’alimentation.
Ne vous mettez pas à la masse, ou ne travaillez pas sous conditions mouillées ou humides.
CONSIGNES DE SÉCURITÉ EN CAS DE REPARATION
La maintenance peut nécessiter l’enlèvement du couvercle lorsque l’alimentation est encore allumée.
Les réparations doivent être effectuées par une personne qualifiée et connaissant les risques électriques.
Dans le manuel, les notes marquées « WARNING » attire l’attention sur les risques lors de la manipulation de ces
équipements, qui peuvent entrainer de possibles blessures voire la mort.
Dans le manuel, les notes marquées « CAUTION » indiquent les procédures qui doivent être suivies afin d’éviter
d’éventuels dommages sur l’équipement.
118004-001 REV. B
IMPORTANTI PRECAUZIONI DI SICUREZZA
SICUREZZA
QUESTO ALIMENTATORE GENERA TENSIONI CHE SONO PERICOLOSE E
POTREBBERO ESSERE MORTALI.
PONI ESTREMA CAUTELA QUANDO OPERI CON QUESO APPARECCHIO.
Gli alimentatori ad alta tensione devono sempre essere collegati ad un impianto di terra.
Non toccare le connessioni a meno che l’apparecchio sia stato spento e la capacità interna
del carico e dell’alimentatore stesso siano scariche.
Attendere cinque minuti per permettere la scarica della capacità interna dell’alimentatore
ad alta tensione.
Non mettere a terra il proprio corpo oppure operare in ambienti bagnati o saturi d’umidità.
SICUREZZA NELLA MANUTENZIONE.
Manutenzione potrebbe essere richiesta, rimuovendo la copertura con apparecchio
acceso.
La manutenzione deve essere svolta da personale qualificato, coscio dei rischi elettrici.
Attenzione alle AVVERTENZE contenute nel manuale, che richiamano all’attenzione ai
rischi quando si opera con tali unità e che potrebbero causare possibili ferite o morte.
Le note di CAUTELA contenute nel manuale, indicano le procedure da seguire per evitare
possibili danni all’apparecchio.
118004-001 REV. B
I. INTRODUCTION
1.0 Scope of Manual…………………………………………………………. 3
1.1 Purpose of Equipment……………………………………………………. 3
1.2 Description………….……………………………………………………. 3
II. OPERATION
2.1 Installation………….……………………………………………………. 3
2.2 Input Power………….………………………………………………...…. 3
2.3 Power On / Self-Test………….…………………………………………. 3
2.4 High Voltage Control……………………………………………………. 4
2.5 Polarity Reversal……….…………………………………………………. 4
2.5.1 Polarity Reversal – 500V to 5kV Output Models………….. 4
2.5.2 Polarity Reversal – 10kV to 50kV Output Models………… 4
III. GPIB OPERATIONS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
3.1 Program Control Switch.………………………………………………… 4
3.2 GPIB Address Switch…………………………………………………… 4
3.3 GPIB Protocol……………………………………………………………. 5
3.3.1 Data Transfer Functions – SH1, T5, CO, AH1, PPO…………… 5
3.3.2 Service Request Functions – SR1………………………………….. 5
3.3.2.1 Service Request (SRQ)……………………………………. 5
3.3.2.2 Serial Poll (SPL)………………………………………….. 5
3.3.3 Device Clear Function – DCI……………………………………… 6
3.3.4 Device Trigger Function – DT1…………………………………… 6
3.4 User Commands………………………………………….………………. 6
3.4.1 Programming the High Voltage Output (“P”)…………………… 6
3.4.1.1 Programming the Output Voltage as a Percentage…… 7
3.4.2 Setting the Output Limits (“L”)……………………………………. 7
3.4.3 Entering the Current Programming & Limit Values (“G”)……. 7
3.4.4 Shutting the high Voltage Output Off (“Z”)……………………… 7
3.4.5 Restoring the high Voltage Output (“R”)………………………… 7
3.4.6 Selecting the Overload Trip Response (“OE” and “OC”)……… 7
3.4.7 Selecting the Overload Service Request Respons
(“SE” and “SC”)………………………………….. 7
3.4.8 Triggering Meter Readings of the Output (“T”)………………… 7
3.4.9 Status “M”)………………………………………………………….. 8
3.5 Sample Computer Programs…………………………………………… 8
225 Series User’s Manual 1 118120-001-Rev. A
IV. FRONT PANEL CONTROLS
4.1 Functional Description…………………………………………………… 8
4.2 Program Control Switch…………………………………………………. 9
4.3 Local Operation………………………………………………………….. 9
4.3.1 Choice of Overvoltage Trip Response (“OE”)……………. 9
4.3.2 Choice of Overcurrent Trip Response (“OC”)……………. 9
4.3.3 Choice of Overvoltage Service Request Response (“SrE”).. 9
4.3.4 Choice of Overcurrent Service Request Response (“SrC”).. 10/11
4.4 Front Panel Messages………………………………………………….. 11
4.5 Operation Examples……………………………………………………. 11
4.5.1 Output Voltage Setting…………………………………………… 11
4.5.2 Output Voltage Adjustment……………………………………… 11
4.5.3 Setting the Output Voltage Limit……………………………….. 11
4.5.4 Setting the Output Current Limit………………………………. 11
V. REMOTE ANALOG OPERATION
5.1 Program Control Switch……………………………………………….. 12
5.2 Remote Control……………………………………………………….... 12
5.3 Analog Monitoring Signals…………………………………………...... 12
VI. MAINTENANCE
6.1 General…………………………………………………………………. 12
VII. APPENDIX
7.1 IBM PC/XT/AT/(DOS 3.1 or Higher Required)……………………… 12/13
7.2 IBM PS/2 Using IO Tech Interface (DOS 3.1 or Higher Required)…. 13
7.3 HP 85/86/87…………………………………………………………… 13
7.4 HP9825A……………………………………………………………… 13
7.5 Floating Option (“RF”)……………………………………………….. 14
225 Series User’s Manual 2 118120-001-Rev. A
THIS UNIT CONTROLS HAZARDOUS
VOLTAGES. DO NOT APPLY INPUT
POWER UNLESS ADEQUATE
GROUNDING IS PROVIDED TO THE
POWER SUPPLY AND THE HIGH
VOLTAGE OUTPUT HAS BEEN
PROPERLY CONNECTED.
THE DATA CONTAINED IN THIS MANUAL IS
SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE.
WRITTEN PERMISSION FROM SPELLMAN HIGH
VOLTAGE IS REQUIRED PRIOR TO THE
REPRODUCTION OF ANY TECHNICAL DATA
CONTAINED IN THIS MANUAL.
SECTION I: INTRODUCTION
1.0 SCOPE OF MANUAL
This manual is provided to assist the user in the
installation and operation of the Spellman Series 225,
IEEE-488 (GPIB) programmable high voltage power
supplies. Statements apply to all models in the Series
unless reference is made to specific models. For the
protection of personnel and equipment, it is essential that
this manual be thoroughly read prior to the installation
and application of power.
1.1 PURPOSE OF EQUIPMENT
The series 225 is a family of regulated precision
regulated, GPIB programmable high voltage power
supplies. They offer exceptional performance in such
critical applications as nuclear and electro-optical
instrumentation, medical imaging and capillary zone
electrophoresis and precision CRT displays.
1.2 DESCRIPTION
The units are fully enclosed and designed to mount in a
standard 19” rack. A wide range of stable output
voltages from 500V up to 50 kV is available. The output
voltage is set either by front panel controls or on the
IEEE-488 interface. Intelligent programming,
monitoring and automatic overload protection of the
power supply are provided. Remote analog voltage or
resistance programming and remote analog monitoring
are provided on all models.
Output polarity reversal is achieved by turning a polarity
switch on the rear panel of 500V, 1kV, 3kV and 5kV
models. The 10kV and higher output models have an
internal polarity reversing assembly that is easily
accessible in the field. NOTE: in either case, polarity
reversal MUST ONLY BE DONE WHEN THE HIGH
VOLTAGE IS OFF.
The Series 225 units contain a DC power supply that
converts the AC line power to a low voltage DC and a
DC-to-DC converter that generates the high DC voltage.
Low voltage electronics solid-state circuits (analog and
microprocessor-controlled circuits) are placed on plug–in
printed circuit boards. The high voltage assembly is fully
encapsulated in silicone rubber for reliable, arc- free,
stable operation.
SECTION II: OPERATION
CAUTION! THIS UNIT CAN STORE HAZARDOUS
VOLTAGE. COMPLETELY DISCHARGE HIGH
VOLTAGE AT REAR PANEL GROUND
TERMINAL BEFORE ATTEMPTING REMOVAL
OF THE HIGH VOLTAGE CABLE
2.1 INSTALLATION:
The 225 Series high voltage power supplies mount in a
standard 19” rack.
2.2 INPUT POWER
The input AC line voltage required is 115V/230VAC,
±10%, 50-400Hz, single phase. The LINE VOLTAGE
selector switch on the rear panel MUST BE SET for
either 115VAC or 230VAC BEFORE application of input
power.
2.3 POWER ON/SELF TEST
When AC power is first applied, the unit will
automatically illuminate all of its LED segments in the
front panel display for user inspection. Then it will
display its configuration as shown in the EXAMPLE 2.1
below
DISPLAY EXAMPLE 2.1
“+225.0.5” 225-0.5R set to positive output polarity
“-225.30” 225-30R set to negative polarity
While the above is being displayed, the unit performs a
series of power-on self-tests. If the internal self-check
detects a failure, that failure will be displayed as one of
the following error messages:
E r r 1 μP RAM
error
E r r 2 μP ROM
error
E r r 3 μP A/D error
The above messages are also available via the IEEE-488
interface. (See Section 3.2.2). If no error is found, the
unit will commence displaying voltage readings.
225 Series User’s Manual 3 118120-001-Rev. A
2.4 VOLTAGE CONTROL
The 225 Series power supply has three modes of
controlling the high voltage outputs available to the user.
Set the PROGRAM CONTROL switch (S101) on the
rear panel to LOCAL/IEEE-488 for front panel control
or for remote IEEE-488 control. For remote analog
control, set the switch to the REMOTE ANALOG
position. The high voltage output can then be remotely
programmed either from an external voltage source or by
using an external potentiometer. When S101 is in the
REMOTE ANALOG position, the front panel controls
will have no effect on the output voltage setting.
At all times, regardless of the position of the rear panel
PROGRAM CONTROL switch or the GPIB status
(Local, Remote or Local Lockout), the user may enable
or disable the high voltage output by switching the HV
ENABLE switch on the front panel. In addition, the
voltage and current monitors are always active. Thus,
even when the PROGRAM CONTROL switch is set to
REMOTE ANALOG control position or the GPIB has
brought the unit to remote or local lockout, the front
panel, the GPIB and the remote analog monitors continue
to make voltage and current readings available.
2.5 POLARITY REVERSAL
The front panel LED display will indicate which polarity
the unit is set for. The display illuminates even if there is
no high voltage output.
CAUTION – LINE INPUT POWER MUST BE
TURNED OFF AND THE HIGH VOLTAGE
SHOULD BE DISCHARGED FULLY BEFORE
PROCEEDING TO REVERSE THE POLARITY.
CAUTION! THIS UNIT CAN STORE HAZARDOUS
VOLTAGE. COMPLETELY DISCHARGE HIGH
VOLTAGE AT REAR PANEL GROUND
TERMINAL BEFORE ATTEMPTING REMOVAL
OF THE HIGH VOLTAGE CABLE
3.1 PROGRAM CONTROL SWITCH
Before a unit of the 225 Series may be used in a GPIB
system, the user must set the power supply’s rear panel
PROGRAM CONTROL switch (S101) in the
LOCAL/IEEE-488 position.
3.2 GPIB ADDRESS SWITCH
An eight-position DIPswitch (S9) is located on the rear
panel of the unit. Every instrument on a GPIB system
must have a unique bus address in the range 0 to 30,
inclusive. A unit’s address is set using S9 switch
positions A4 through A0. A4 is the most significant
address bit and A0 the least significant bit. Bit A5 of the
address switch will enable or disable the power-on
Service Request. Bit A6 controls whether the power
supply will terminate its output character strings with our
without a carriage return and a linefeed. Bit A7 must
remain in the logic 0 state. Figure 3.1 shows the switch
orientation and bit designations.
S9 is read ONLY at power-on. Therefore, when any of
the above is to be changed, the unit must first be turned
off, the required changes made and then the unit must be
turned back on.
2.5.1 POLARITY REVERSAL 500V TO 5kV
OUTPUT MODELS
The screwdriver-rotatable POLARITY SELECTOR
switch (S3) is accessible at the rear panel of the unit.
Rotate as required for the desired polarity.
2.5.2 POLARITY REVERSAL 10kV TO 50kV
OUTPUT MODELS
The polarity is reversible by means of an internal polarity
module, which is easily accessible upon removal of the
top cover. Polarity is reversed by removing two
diagonally opposed Philips head screws, lifting up on the
module, rotating it 180°, and then reinserting it. A safety
interlock automatically ensures that the high voltage
cannot be turned on unless this module is fully seated
and installed in one polarity position or the other.
A remote polarity indication is provided at J107
(PROGRAMMING/MONITOR) connector jack located
on the rear panel of the unit (see section 5.3).
SECTION III: GPIB OPERATION
A7 Set to 0
A6 Line Terminators: 1 Carriage
Return & Linefeed (CR/LF) (*)
0 No Line
Terminators
A5 Service Request: 1 Service
Request sent at power-on
0 No Service
Request is
sent at
power-on
A4 GPIB Address MSB
A3 GPIB Address Bit
(*) Line terminators are or are not appended to
the A2 GPIB Address Bit returned strings
described in sections 3.4.8 and 3.4.9 based on
the settings of A6
A2 GPIB Address Bit
225 Series User’s Manual 4 118120-001-Rev. A
A1 GPIB Address Bit
A0 GPIB Address Bit
3.3 GPIB PROTOCOL
The 225 Series implements the following GPIB
functions:
3.3.2.1 SERVICE REQUEST (SRQ)
There are three conditions that can make a power supply
issue an SRQ. They are 1) at power-on, 2) in response to
an overload detection and 3) in response to receipt of an
invalid command. The meaning of the serial poll status
byte depends upon what caused the service request. The
power-on byte is true when the power supply is first
turned on AND the GPIB controller has not yet sent a
valid command to the unit. The “normal operation” byte
is true after the GPIB controller has sent its first valid
command to the unit. Any service request can be ignored
without affecting operation of the GPIB interface or of the
power supply.
3.3.2.2 SERIAL POLL (SPL)
When the GPIB controller executes a serial poll, the
power supply sends it one status byte. As mentioned
above, decoding of that byte depends on when it is read.
The figures below show the decoding of the “power-on”
status byte and “normal operation” (not the “power-on”)
status byte.
Figure 3.2
At power-on before any command is sent, the
status byte is:
SH1 Source Handshake
AH1 Acceptor Handshake
T5 Basic Talker & Serial Poll L4
Basic Listener
RL1 Remote/Local with Lockout
PPO No parallel poll response
CO Not a controller
SR1 Service Request
DC1 Device Clear
DT1 Device Trigger
Using these GPIB functions, the GPIB controller can
send ASCII command strings to control and monitor the
high voltage power supply.
3.3.1 DATA TRANSFER FUNCTIONS – SH1, T5,
CO, AH1, PPO
These seven data transfer functions are normally
transparent to the user. They permit communication
between the GPIB controller and the 225 Series high
voltage power supplies.
3.3.2 SERVICE REQUEST FUNCTIONS – SR1
SR1 contains two sub-functions: Service Request and
Serial Poll. The service request (SRQ) is the mechanism
by which a power supply can interrupt the GPIB
controller and the serial poll (SPL) is how the GPIB
controller can read the status of the power supply.
If SRQ = 1, pole A5 of the GPIB address was set for
“SRQ” at “power-on”.
Bit #7 is at logic 1. That shows this is the status register
contents at power-on, prior to the issuance of a valid
command. If you don’t do a serial poll at power-on, but
simply send any valid command, the status byte obtained
in response to subsequent serial polls will instead be as
seen in Figure 3.3 below.
Bit #5 and Bit# 6 function identically as in the normal
operation status byte of FIGURE 3.3 below:
Figure 3.3
After the first valid command, the status byte
looks like this:
225 Series User’s Manual 5 118120-001-Rev. A
3.3.4 DEVICE TRIGGER FUNCTION – DT1
The device trigger function updates the previously
programmed parameters. It performs identically to user
command “G” of section 3.4.3, but has the additional
capability to trigger multiple bus instruments
simultaneously.
Bit #7 is at logic 0. That shows this is the status register
contents following the issuance of at least one valid
GPIB command since power-on.
If bit# 6 is at logic 0, the status byte obtained is in
response to the first serial poll taken after first issuance
of an SRQ. If bit #6 is at logic 0, the status byte obtained
was examined before and/or is not related to an SRQ.
EXAMPLE BIT PATTERN:
BIT# MEANING:
7 0: You are looking at the status byte after at
least one command.
6 1: This is the first look at status after the
issuance of an SRQ.
5 1: The last command you issued was not valid.
0: The last command you issued was valid.
4 1: You have shut down the unit with a “Z”
command or DC1
0: The unit is not in a shut down state.
3.4 USER COMMANDS
The unit recognizes certain received ASCII strings as
commands from the GPIB controller that execute all of
the unit’s functions. They are:
x Programming the Output Voltage in Percentage
(“%”)
x Programming the Output Voltage (“P”)
x Setting Output Voltage and Current Limits (“L”)
x Executing (“going ahead with”) the Last Issued
Commands (“G”)
x Shutting Off or Zeroing the High Voltage Output
(“Z”)
x Restoring the High Voltage Output (“R”)
x Selecting the Overload Shutdown Response
(“OE” or “OC”)
x Selecting the Overload Service Request
Response (“SE” & “SC”)
x Triggering Meter Readings of the output (“T”)
x Polarity, Model Number & Software Revision
Information (“M”)
NOTE: All characters in the ASCII command string
must be in UPPER CASE ONLY.
The interface will
not recognize lower case letters.
Program, Limit and Meter command syntax varies
depending upon specific model. Table 3.0 shows the
Program, Limit and Meter command formats for the 225
Series high voltage power supplies.
3 1: The high voltage was tripped off in response
to an overload.
0: The unit is not tripped.
TABLE 3.0
NUMERIC FORMATS FOR PROGRAM, LIMIT &
METER COMMANDS:
FORMAT
2 1: The supply is in voltage overload.
0: The supply is not in voltage overload.
MODEL VOLTAGE CURRENT
225-0.5 0.xxxxx xx.xxx
225-01 x.xxxx xx.xxx
1 1: The supply is in current overload.
0: The supply is not in current overload.
225-03 x.xxxx xx.xxx
225-05 x.xxxx xx.xxx
225-10 x.xxxx xx.xxx
0 0: This bit of the status byte is always logic 0.
225-20 x.xxxx xx.xxx
225-30 x.xxxx xx.xxx
3.3.3 DEVICE CLEAR FUNCTION – DC1
225-30 x.xxxx xx.xxx
The device clear and selective device clear GPIB
functions trip the high voltage output to zero volts
regardless of the actual voltage program. They perform
identically to the user command “Z” of section 3.4.4.
3.4.1 PROGRAMMING THE HIGH VOLTAGE
OUTPUT (“P”)
This command allows the user to set the output voltage of
the power supply. The syntax is:
“P {numeric string}K”
225 Series User’s Manual 6 118120-001-Rev. A
Where {numeric string} is an ASCII string of the
required number of digits and a decimal point. The
resolution of the programming meter values is five digits.
Since each model power supply has its own output
rating, the programming command will have its own
format. In general, the programming command will be
one of those shown below:
P0.xxxxxK (For 500V model)
Px.xxxxK (For 1kV, 3kV and 5kV models)
Pxx.xxxK (For 10kV, 20kV, 30kV and 50kV
models)
current limits. A “K” indicates a kilovolt limit and an
“M” or “U” indicates a milliamp or microamp limit,
respectively. The syntax is:
“L{numeric string}K” Kilovolt Limit (All models)
“L{numeric string}M” Milliamp Limit (All models
except 30kV & 50kV))
“L{numeric string}U” Microamp Limit (Models 22530R & 225-50R only)
Where {numeric string} is as described in Table 3.0.
Note: In some cases, the numeric formats for the voltage
and current will be different.
The numeric format will depend upon the unit being
controlled. This numeric format can be packed with
zeroes to fully five digits. Therefore, if a 225-01R (1kV
model) power supply is to be programmed to only 230V,
the command could be P0.23K or P0.2300K. Similarly,
if a 225-20R (20kV model) power supply is to be
programmed to 11,500V the command could be either
P11.500K or P11.5K.
The actual high voltage output will not change to a
newly programmed value after a program command has
been issued until the unit also receives a device trigger
bus command or the “G” command string (see sections
3.3.4 and 3.4.3).
3.4.1.1 PROGRAMMING THE OUTPUT
VOLTAGE AS A PERCENTAGE
This command allows the user to set the output voltage
of the power supply to some percent of maximum output
voltage. The syntax is:
“P (numeric string) %K”
Where (numeric string) is an ASCII string of the required
number of digits and a decimal point. The resolution of
the programming and meter values is four digits.
Pxx.xx%K (for zero to maximum rated output voltage for
all supplies)
The actual high voltage output will not change to a
newly programmed value after a program command has
been issued until the unit also receives a device trigger
bus command or the “G” command string (see sections
3.3.4 and 3.4.3).
The voltage limit command uses the same numerical
format as the programming command, but starts with an
“L”. Below are some examples:
Lx.xxxxK L0.6523k limits to 652.3V
Lxx.xxxK L29.400K limits to 29.4V
The output current limit threshold may also be set. When
this value is exceeded, the unit will respond as previously
programmed by the user. Below are some examples of
the current limit command:
Lxx.xxxxM L12.000M limits to 12mA
Lx.xxxxM L1.0500M limits to 1.05mA
Lxxx.xxU L473.50U limits to 473.5µA (Models
225-30R & 225-50R only)
An actual limit value will not change to a newly
programmed value after a limit command has been issued
until after the unit also receives a device trigger bus
command or the “G” command string (see sections 3.3.4
and 3.4.3)
3.4.3 ENTERING THE CURRENT
PROGRAMMING & LIMIT VALUES (“G”)
After executing a programming or limit command, these
new values will not be used immediately.
The user must execute the “G” command, which will
update the old values with the new ones. Therefore, if the
output is presently programmed to 1kV and the user
executes a program command such as “P1.5000K”, the
output will not change to 1.5kV until the “G” command is
executed. The syntax is:
“G” the single ASCII character
3.4.2 SETTING THE OUTPUT LIMITS (“L”)
Each unit monitors output voltage and current to detect if
those parameters exceed the user-set thresholds. Each
parameter (voltage and current) is monitored at the rate
of once per second. The user may set threshold limits
that, when exceeded, will invoke the user programmed
shut down and service request responses (see sections
3.4.6 and 3.4.7). The limit commands consist of an “L”,
a numeric string that represents the threshold value and a
final character that distinguishes between the voltage and
225 Series User’s Manual 7 118120-001-Rev. A
When timing is not important, the “G” may be appended
to the programming or limit command as shown below:
Pxx.xxxKG
Lx.xxxxMG
3.4.4 SHUTTING THE HIGH VOLTAGE
OUTPUT OFF (“Z”)
The user may turn off the high voltage output without
affecting the currently active programmed value. The
syntax is:
“Z” the single ASCII character
This has the same effect as executing the device clear
bus command.
OC1 Establishes that the unit will not shut down its
output in response to the detection of an overload current
greater than the current limit setting.
3.4.7 SELECTING THE OVERLOAD SERVICE
REQUEST RESPONSE (“SE & “SC”)
Just as the unit can be made to shut off the output in
response to an overload, it can also be made to generate a
service request to the GPIB controller in response to an
overload. The syntax is:
3.4.5 RESTORING THE HIGH VOLTAGE
OUTPUT (“R”)
The high voltage output may be turned back on to the
currently active programming value after having been
shut off by a user command “Z” or by a trip due to
overload. The sytax is:
“R” the single ASCII character
The high voltage output will return to the value that was
programmed before the shut down. If the output was
turned off by an overload trip, the cause of the overload
should be corrected before trying to restore the output
voltage or the trip will occur again.
3.4.6 SELECTING THE OVERLOAD TRIP
RESPONSE (“OE” & “OC”)
When the unit detects that the output has exceeded one
of the user programmed limits, it may respond by
shutting off the high voltage output, also called tripping.
The user may select that the power supply trip itself for a
voltage overload only, for a current overload only, for a
voltage or a current overload, or for neither. The syntax
is:
“OE {numeric}”
“OC {numeric}”
Where {numeric} is the ASCII character for 0, 1, or 2
and:
“SE {numeric}”
“SC {numeric}”
where {numeric} is the ASCII byte for 0 or 1 and:
SE1 Enables SRQ in response to an overvoltage
detection
SE0 Disables SRQ in response to an overvoltage
detection
SC1 Enables SRQ in response to an overcurrent
detection
SC0 Disables SRQ in response to an overcurrent
detection
When the unit sends an SRQ to the GPIB controller, the
user should execute a serial poll of the unit to obtain its
status byte. Please note that the overload response
choices and the service request choices operate
independently of each other.
3.4.8 TRIGGERING METER READINGS OF
THE OUTPUT (“T”)
Each unit has the capability to perform meter readings of
its output voltage and current. The user may trigger a
reading of the output voltage, the output current or both.
The syntax is:
OE2 Establishes that the unit cannot be
programming to a voltage value above the voltage limit
setting.
OE1 Enables the unit to shut down its output upon
detection of an output voltage above the voltage limit
setting.
OE0 Establishes that the unit will not shut down its
output in response to the detection of an output voltage
above the voltage limit setting.
OC1 Enables the unit to shut down its output upon
detection of an output current above the current limit
setting.
225 Series User’s Manual 8 118120-001-Rev. A
“T {numeric}”
Where {numeric} is the single ASCII character for 0, 1 or
2 and:
T0 Triggers a measurement of the output voltage
and current
T1 Triggers a measurement of the output current
only
After receiving one of the “T” commands, the unit will
return a character string containing output status (N
T
ripped or Shutdown) and voltage and/or current
ormal,
readings. The numerical formats are those used to enter
voltage and current values.
Below are the “T” commands with some typical strings
that are returned to the GPIB controlled in response:
T0 “N Vxx.xxxK Ix.xxxxM”
Note: These strings are, or are not, followed
T1 “S Vx.xxxxK”
by Line Terminators CR/LF depending
T2 “T Ixxx.xxU”
upon the chosen setting of switch S9,
Position A6 (see section 3.2)
A leading “N” in the string means that the output is on.
A leading “S” means that the output was shut down by
the user with a “Z” command or a device clear bus
command. A leading “T” means that the output was
tripped due to an overload detection. Also:
“V” in the string means voltage
“I” in the string means current
“K” in the string means kilovolts
“M” in the string means milliamps
“U” in the string means microamps
Figure 4.1
SWITCHES/PUSHBUTTONS/INDICATORS/
DIALS FUNCTION/PURPOSE
POWER ON-OFF
Enables and disables AC power
HIGH VOLTAGE ON-OFF
Enables and Disables high voltage. This front
panel switch overrides ALL controls in disabling
of the high voltage output.
LOCAL/FUNCTION
Brings unit from GPIB control to front panel
control. It gives the user access to programming
features and to model information.
3.4.9 STATUS (“M)
After receiving the “M” command, the unit will return a
character string with its model number, output polarity
setting and software revision. The syntax is:
“M” the single ASCII character
In the returned string, the “+225.03 re0.8” would denote
a positive high voltage output from 0 to +3kV and the
use of revision 0.8 software. The use of CR/LF Line
Terminators depends on S9, position A6 as above.
3.5 SAMPLE COMPUTER PROGRAMS
Sample computer programs for use with the Series 225
can be found in the APPENDIX of this manual. Each
sample sends series commands to the power supply and
shows response via the computer’s display.
SECTION IV: LOCAL OPERATION
CAUTION! THIS UNIT CAN STORE
HAZARDOUS VOLTAGE. COMPLETELY
DISCHARGE HIGH VOLTAGE AT REAR PANEL
GROUND TERMINAL BEFORE ATTEMPTING
REMOVAL OF THE HIGH VOLTAGE CABLE
4.1 FRONT PANEL CONTROLS
Figure 4.1 below is the typical layout of the 225 Series
front panel
SET Used to set the output voltage
LIMIT Used to program the output voltage limit and
output current limit.
ADJUST Used to adjust the output voltage
VOLTS Enables the display to show output voltage
readings. It is used when changing the output
voltage or the output voltage limit.
Ma Enables the display to show output current
readings. It is used when changing the output
current limit.
ENTER Finishes a command entry
CLEAR Used to abort a command sequence.
DIGITAL POTENTIOMETER
For entering numeric and mode selections with
velocity-variable action. Resolution is very high
when turned slowly. If turned rapidly, value
changes are rapid.
LED DISPLAY
Five digits which show voltage and mA/μA
readings and mode settings.
RMT Remote/Local status of GPIB
225 Series User’s Manual 9 118120-001-Rev. A
LSN Listener status of GPIB
TLK Talker status of GPIB
SRQ Service request status of GPIB
OVLD Output overload indicator
TRPD Output trip indicator
VOLTS Illuminated when the meter is displaying
the output current.
mA Illuminated when the meter is displaying the
output current.
4.2 PROGRAM CONTROL SWITCH
The front panel controls of the unit are only functional
for programming purposes when the unit’s rear panel
PROGRAM CONTROL switch (S101) is in the
LOCAL/IEEE-488 position. However, if the unit
receives a voltage programming command while S101 is
in the Remote Analog position, the switching of S101 to
its LOCAL/IEEE-488 position afterwards will then cause
the value of that programming command to take effect.
4.3 LOCAL OPERATION
The local mode of the 225 Series provides all of the
control and monitoring functions available with GPIB
control. An SRQ may occur with no controller
connected to the IEEE-488 connector port (J9). The
SRQ front panel LED will illuminate and stay
illuminated, but this is of no concern when in the Local
mode. Any unanswered SRQ will not affect local
control in any way and the illuminated LED may be
safely ignored.
When the unit is in remote control via the GPIB, the user
must press the LOCAL/FUNCTION pushbutton on the
front panel to enter the Local mode. If the remote
(RMT) LED is not illuminated, then the unit is in the
Local mode.
If the user chooses, the unit can be programmed from the
GPIB to receive programming information only from the
GPIB.
x Overcurrent trip response setting: OC 0 or OC
1
x Overvoltage service request response setting: SrE
0 or SrE 1
x Overcurrent service request response setting: SrC
0 or SrC 1
x Software revision number
For a new OE, OC, SrE or SrC choice, press the
LOCAL/FUNCTION pushbutton to obtain the old choice
display. Then rotate the DIGITAL POTENTIOMETER
for the new choice. Descriptions of the available choices
follow below.
An eight pressing returns the display to voltage or current
readings as before the first LOCAL/FUNCTION
pushbutton depression.
4.3.1 CHOICE OF OVERVOLTAGE TRIP
RESPONSE (“OE”)
When a unit detects that output voltage is above its
programmed limit, it can respond by shutting itself off
(tripping) the high voltage. The syntax is:
OE2 Establishes that the unit cannot be programmed
to a voltage value above the voltage limit setting.
OE1 Enables the unit to shut down its output upon
detection of an output voltage above the limit setting.
OE0 Establishes that the unit will not shut down its
output in response to the detection of an output voltage
above the voltage limit setting
4.3.2 CHOICE OF OVERCURRENT TRIP
RESPONSE (“OC”)
When a unit detects that output current is above its
programmed limit, it can respond by shutting itself off
(tripping) the high voltage. The syntax is:
OC1 Enables the unit to shut down its output upon
detection of an output current above the limit setting
Then, in response to pressing LOCAL/FUNCTION, the
unit will display “LLO” on its front panel display,
meaning Local lockout. In that case, only the GPIB
controller will be able to program the high voltage
output.
In Local mode, seven sequential pressings of the
LOCAL/FUNCTION pushbutton display the following
seven items:
x GPIB address that the user has selected for the
unit.
x Model number and output polarity setting (see
DISPLAY EXAMPLE 2.1)
x Overvoltage trip response setting: OE 0, OE 1
or OE 2
225 Series User’s Manual 10 118120-001-Rev. A
OC0 Establishes that the unit will not shut down its
output in response to the detection of an output current
above the voltage limit setting.
4.3.3 CHOICE OF OVERVOLTAGE SERVICE
REQUEST RESPONSE (“SrE”)
At the user’s choice, the unit can be made to issue a
service request to the GPIB controller in response to a
voltage overload. The syntax is:
SrE1 Enables SRQ in response to an
overvoltage detection.
SrE0 Disables SRQ in response to an
overvoltage detection.
4.3.4 CHOICE OF OVERCURRENT SERVICE
REQUEST RESPONSE (“SrC”)
At the user’s choice, the unit can be made to issue a
service request to the GPIB controller in response to a
current overload. The syntax is:
Push “VOLTS” button: “VOLTS” LED lights and the
last entered voltage setting value is displayed.
SrC1 Enables SRQ in response to an
overcurrent detection.
SrC0 Disables SRQ in response to an
overcurrent detection.
4.4 FRONT PANEL MESSAGES
DISPLAY
MEANING
E r r An erroneous command sequence has just
been rejected
S E The SET pushbutton has just been
depressed.
A d The ADJUST pushbutton has just been
depressed.
L i The LIMIT pushbutton has just been
depressed.
A d r n n The IEEE-488 GPIB address is the
number “n n”
L L O Local lockout is on.
Turn the digital potentiometer knob for the desired output
voltage. (The actual high voltage output will NOT
change until the following step).
Push “ENTER” to finish the sequence. The “SET” and
“VOLTS” LEDs will go off. If the High Voltage switch
is on, the entered voltage value will be outputted and
voltage measurements will be displayed.
4.5.2 OUTPUT VOLTAGE ADJUSTMENT
Push “ADJUST” button: The “ADJUST” LED lights and
the “A d” message is displayed.
Push “VOLTS” button: The “VOLTS” LED lights and
the output voltage is displayed.
Turn the digital potentiometer knob for the desired output
voltage. CAUTION: The ACTUAL high voltage output
will start changing immediately in response to this step.
Push “ENTER” to finalize the adjustment and to exit the
adjustment.
4.5.3 SETTING THE OUTPUT VOLTAGE LIMIT
Push “LIMIT” button: The “LIMIT” LED lights and the
“L i” message is displayed.
4.5 OPERATION EXAMPLES
The following section describes sequences of local
control command entry by way of examples. NOTE:
Errors made during sequence entry will result in the error
message (“E r r”) being displayed on the front panel, but
such errors will be rejected and not affect any previous
programming.
The following are some common examples of NONVALID sequences resulting in an “E r r” message
display:
COMMAND ENTRY REASON FOR ERROR MESSAGE
“ADJUST” “mA” Cannot adjust power supply output
current.
“SET” “mA” Cannot set power supply output
current.
“SET” “ENTER” No controlled parameter, kV or
mA, was selected.
“LIMIT” “ENTER” No controlled parameter was
selected.
“ADJUST” “ENTER” No controlled parameter was
selected.
“ENTER” No controlled parameter or select
function was selected.
Push “VOLTS” button: The “VOLTS” LED lights and the
preset limit voltage is displayed.
Turn the digital potentiometer knob to set the new desired
limit.
Push the “ENTER” button to save the displayed entry as
the new voltage limit value. The display then returns to
presenting the previously measured parameter and the
“LIMIT” and “VOLTS” LEDs go out.
4.5.4 SETTING THE OUTPUT CURRENT LIMIT
Push “LIMIT” button: The “LIMIT” LED lights and the
“L i” message is displayed.
Push “mA” button: The “mA” LED lights and the preset
limit current is displayed.
Turn the digital potentiometer knob to set a new desired
limit. Push the “ENTER” button to save the displayed
entry as the new current limit value. The display then
returns to presenting the previously measured parameter
and the “LIMIT” and “mA” LEDs go out.
4.5.1 OUTPUT VOLTAGE SETTING
Push “SET” button. “SET” LED lights and “SE”
message is displayed.
225 Series User’s Manual 11 118120-001-Rev. A
SECTION V: REMOTE ANALOG OPERATION
CAUTION! THIS UNIT CAN STORE
HAZARDOUS VOLTAGE. COMPLETELY
DISCHARGE HIGH VOLTAGE AT REAR PANEL
GROUND TERMINAL BEFORE ATTEMPTING
REMOVAL OF THE HIGH VOLTAGE CABLE
5.1 PROGRAM CONTROL SWITCH
Before a unit can be programmed with a remote analog
(0 to +5VDC) signal, it must be configured by setting its
rear panel PROGRAM CONTROL switch (S101) in the
REMOTE ANALOG. Note: All other monitoring and
non-programming functions remain active, regardless of
the S102 position.
5.2 REMOTE CONTROL
The high voltage output can be remotely programmed
from an external voltage source. A 0 to +5VDC
programming voltage applied to Pin 6 of the J107
(PROGRAMMING/MONITOR) connector jack on the
rear panel will remotely program the high voltage output
from zero to maximum voltage.
Programming can also be accomplished using a
potentiometer connected between Pin 4 (+5VDC), Pin 7
(GND) with the wiper connected to Pin 6. The
potentiometer should be a low temperature coefficient
wirewound or cermet type of 5kȍ to 20kȍ resistance
value. The output will then be in proportion to the wiper
position.
5.3 ANALOG MONITORING SIGNALS
Analog monitoring signals of 0 to +5VDC via 10kȍ are
provided, which are linearly proportional to the unit’s
output voltage and current. A TTL-compatible logic
TRIP input, a +5VDC reference voltage output and an
NPN open collector polarity indicator are all available at
J107.
Figure 5.1 on the next page defines the pin locations and
functions of the rear panel analog monitor and remote
analog programming connector.
Figure 5.1
circuit or input logic one enables high voltage
generation.
4 Precision +5VDC reference output, referenced to
analog ground.
5 Buffered output current monitor, 0 to +5VDC via
0kȍ
6 Remote analog programming input, 0 to +5VDC
7 Analog ground
8 Digital ground
9 NPN open collector with respect to digital
round, indicating output high voltage polarity.
NPN saturation denotes positive polarity (logic
0), NPN cut-off denotes negative polarity (logic
1)
SECTION VI: MAINTENANCE
6.1 GENERAL
Your 225 Series high voltage power supply is designed
for reliable, trouble-free operation. If any questions
should arise, contact Spellman’s Customer Service
Department for assistance or return authorization.
The power supply can be returned to the factory for
annual calibration and certification to its original
specifications. For traceability, a certificate will be
issued, identifying the serial number of the unit calibrated
and all test equipment used to perform the calibration.
All measurements are traceable to the National Institute of
Standards and Technology (NIST). Contact factory for
additional details.
SECTION VII: APPENDIX
7.1 IBM PC/XT/AT (DOS 3.1 OR HIGHER
REQUIRED)
1. Equip the computer with the IO Tech Personal
488A Interface.
2. Install software driver per the Personal 488A
instructions.
3. Set the address switches on the 225 Series to 7.
4. Run the Basic interpreter with comes with the
computer.
PIN FUNCTION
1 Buffered output voltage monitor, 0 to +5VDC
via 10kȍ
2 No connection
3 TTL level compatible logic input. Input logic
zero disables high voltage generation. Open
225 Series User’s Manual 12 118120-001-Rev. A
5. Enter the lines of the program below using the
return key after each line.
6. Press RUN (F2) after the total program has been
executed. Enter a command when prompted.
For example, if you enter “P0.1000KG”, wait
approximately two seconds, and then enter “T1”,
the resulting display is nominally “N V0.1000K”
PROG. REMARKS
10 OPEN “\DEV\IEEEOUT” FOR OUTPUT
AS #1 Set up output file
20 IOCTL#1, “BREAK” Clear buffers in Basic
30 PRINT#1, “RESET” Init. the bus with IFC
40 OPEN “\DEV\IEEEIN” FOR INPUT AS#2
Set up input file to Basic
50 PRINT#1, “REMOTE 07” Place the 225 in
remote
60 INPUT “COMMAND”; A$
70 PRINT#1, “OUTPUT 07;” A$
Address 225 to listen and send the string
80 INPUT “COMMAND”, A$
90 PRINT#1, “OUTPUT 07;” A$
100 PRINT#1, “ENTER 07” Address 225 to talk
110 LINE INPUT#2, A$ Input the bytes
120 PRINT A$ Display the reading
130 END
7.2 IBM PS/2 USING IO TECH INTERFACE
(DOS 3.1 OR HIGHER REQUIRED)
1. Equip the computer with the IO Tech PS/2
488A Interface.
2. Install software driver per the PS/2 488A
manual instructions.
3. Set the address switches on the 225 Series to 7.
4. Run the Basic interpreter with comes with the
computer.
5. Enter the lines of the program below using the
return key after each line.
6. Press RUN (F2) after the total program has been
executed. Enter a command when prompted. For
example, if you enter “P0.1000KG”, wait approximately
two seconds, and then enter “T1”, the resulting display is
nominally “N V0.1000K”
PROG.
REMARKS
10 OPEN “\DEV\IEEEOUT” FOR OUTPUT AS
#1 Set up output file
20 IOCTL#1, “BREAK”
Clear buffers in Basic
30 PRINT#1, “RESET”
Init. the bus with IFC
40 OPEN “\DEV\IEEEIN” FOR INPUT AS#2
Set up input file to Basic
50 PRINT#1, “REMOTE 07”
Place the 225 in remote
60 INPUT “COMMAND”; A$
70 PRINT#1, “OUTPUT 07;” A$
Address 225 to listen and send the string
80 PRINT#1, “ENTER 07”
Address the 225 to talk
90 INPUT “COMMAND”; A$
100 PRINT#1, “OUTPUT 07;” A$
110 LINE INPUT#2, A$
Input the bytes
120 PRINT A$
Display the reading
130 END
7.3 HP 85/86/87
1. Equip the computer with an HP 82937 GPIB
interface and an I/O ROM.
2. Set the address switches on the 225 Series to 7.
3. Enter the lines in the program below. Use the
END LINE key after each line.
4. Press the RUN key when the total program is
entered. Enter a command when prompted to do so. For
example, if you enter “P0.1000KG”, wait approximately
two seconds, and then enter “T1”, the resulting display
will nominally show the string “N V0.1000K”
PROG.
REMARKS
10 REMOTE 707
Place 225 in remote
20 DISP “Command”
Prompt for command
30 INPUT A$
40 OUTPUT 707A$
Address 225 to listen, send string
50 DISP “Command”
60 INPUT A$
70 OUTPUT 707;A$
80 ENTER 707;A$
Address 225 to talk, return reading
90 DISP A$
Display ready on CRT
100 END
7.4 HP9825A
1. Equip the computer with the HP98034A GPIB
interface and the extended I/O ROM.
2. Set the address switches on the 225 Series to 7.
3. Enter the lines in the program below using the
“STORE” key after each line.
4. Press the RUN key when the total program is
entered. Enter a command when prompted to do so. For
example, if you enter “P0.1000KG”, wait approximately
two seconds, and then enter “T1”, the resulting display is
nominally “N V0.1000K”
PROG.
REMARKS
10 Rem 707
Place 225 in remote
20 Ent “COMMAND”, A$
Prompt for command
30 Wrt 707, A$
Address 225 to listen, send command
40 Ent “COMMAND”, A$
50 Ert “COMMAND”, A$
60 Red 707, A$
Address 225 to talk, input reading
70 Prt A$
Print reading
225 Series User’s Manual 13 118120-001-Rev. A
7.5 FLOATING OPTION (“RF”):
The 225 Series can be purchased with a special option
which allows the user to float the output above or below
true earth (i.e., chassis) ground potential by as much as
2000V. All controls, programming and monitoring
functions work normally and remain “ground-based” so
there are no hazards with taking these measurements.
The high voltage output polarity, with respect to the
floating output terminal, is still reversible as in the
standard version of the 225 Series.
In supplies so equipped with the floating option, the high
voltage output current is no longer returned to the chassis
of the power supply via either the shield of the HV
output coaxial cable or the ground stud on the back of the
supply. Instead, the user would now connect the low end
of the application to a factory-installed MHV connector
(jack) which is located on the rear panel of the 225 series
HVPS. The shell of this connector is connected to
chassis ground (as the actual HV output connector’s shell
is) but the center conductor is the HV return.
To disable this feature on RF-equipped power supplies
the user must connect a “dead-end” MHV plug to the HV
return jack. A “dead end” connector would be one in
which the center conductor is hard-wired to the shell.
This reverts the 225 Series back to conventional groundbased operation.
The floating option is useful in applications where the
low end cannot be connected directly to earth ground, or
for other reasons is not desirable to do so. A current
meter can also be inserted within this return path (with
appropriate protection across the meter) for the purpose
of measuring HV output current. We highly recommend
installing back-to-back diodes or a neon bulb across the
meter in the event that the meter connection is
inadvertently or accidentally opened during operation.
This will prevent the development of high voltage across
the meter leads.
*
225 Series User’s Manual 14 118120-001-Rev. A
To obtain information on Spellman’s product warranty please visit our website at:
http://www.spellmanhv.com/en/About/Warranty.aspx
Loading...