Sorvall RC-28S User manual

OPERATING
INSTRUCTIONS

SORVALU RC-28S

SUPRASPEED

CENTRIFUGE

Du Pont Company
Sorvall® Instruments
Wilmington, Delaware 19898
U.S.A.

Sorvall Centrifuges

PN 59154-1
Issued August 1989

Sorvall® Centrifuges

This manual is a guide for use of the

SORVALL® RC-28S Supraspeed® Centrifuge

Data herein has been verified and validated and is believed adequate for the intended
use of the centrifuge. If the centrifuge or procedures are used for purposes over and
above the capabilities specified herein, confirmation of their validity and suitability
should be obtained, otherwise Du Pont does not guarantee results and assumes no
obligation or liability. This publication is not a license to operate under, nor a
recommendation to infringe upon, any process patents.

NOTES,

CAUTIONS, and WARNINGS within the text of this manual are used to

emphasize important and critical instructions:

WARNING: A Warning informs the operator of a hazard or an unsafe practice that

could result in personal injury, affect the operator's health, or contaminate
the environment.

CAUTION: A Caution informs the operator of an unsafe practice that could result in

damage of equipment.

NOTE:

1988 by E.I. du Pont de Nemours & Co.

A Note highlights essential information.

ii

Sorvall® Centrifuges Safety

Important Safety Information

Certain potentially dangerous conditions are inherent to the use of all centrifuges. To
ensure safe operation of this centrifuge, anyone using it should be aware of all safe
practices and take all precautions described below and throughout this manual.

WARNING

Use Sorvall® rotors only. Use of another manufacturer's rotor can cause rotor failure

which could result in personal injury and/or centrifuge damage.
When using radioactive, toxic, or pathogenic materials, be aware of all characteristics of

the materials and the hazards associated with them in the event leakage or rotor failure
occurs during centrifugation, in which case neither the centrifuge nor the rotor can
protect you from particles dispersed in the air. To protect
additional precautions be taken to prevent exposure to these materials, e.g., use of
controlled ventilation or isolation areas.

Always be aware of the possibility of contamination when using radioactive, toxic, or
pathogenic materials. Take all necessary precautions and use appropriate
decontamination procedures if exposure occurs.

yourself,

we recommend

Never use any material capable of producing flammable or explosive vapors.
Never exceed the maximum rated speed of the installed rotor; to do so can cause rotor

failure.

Always reduce (derate) rotor speed whenever:

• the rotor speed/temperature combination exceeds the solubility of the gradient
material and would cause it to precipitate;

• rotor compartment load exceeds the maximum allowable compartment load
specified (check this whenever average fluid density is greater than 1.2 g/ml). See
Chapter 4, Operation.

Failure to reduce rotor speed under these conditions can cause rotor failure.

CAUTION

Do not run or precool a rotor at the critical speed, as this will have a detrimental effect
on centrifuge component life. See Table 4-1, Rotor Information.

Do not operate centrifuge with a rotor out of balance. To do so can cause damage to the
centrifuge drive assembly.

Do not operate centrifuge without rotor properly installed: rotor cover must be on and
locked in place, and the rotor locked to the centrifuge drive. See rotor instruction
manual.

Locate the centrifuge on a level floor to avoid rotor imbalance during operation.

The centrifuge can be damaged if connected to the wrong voltage. Check the voltage
before plugging the centrifuge into a power source. Du Pont is not responsible for
incorrect installation.

Always maintain the centrifuge in the recommended manner. See Chapter 7,
Maintenance.

iii/iv

Sorvall® Centrifuges Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Page

Safety Information iii

Chapter 1. DESCRIPTION

General Description 1-1
Centrifuge Specifications 1-2
Centrifuge Features 1-3
System Descriptions 1-5

Chapter 2. INSTALLATION

Inspection 2-1
Location 2-1

Ambient Temperature 2-2

Leveling 2-2
Electrical 2-2

Chapter 3. CONTROLS

Control Panel 3-1
PROGRAM Key Functions & Display Screens 3-3
CALCULATE Key Functions & Display Screens 3-9
DIAGNOSTICS Key Functions & Display Screens 3-9

Chapter 4. OPERATION

Understanding the Centrifuge Controls 4-1
Turning the Centrifuge On 4-1
Normal Run 4-1
Slow Start/Slow Stop 4-3
RCF Run 4-5
Key#Code 4-6

Zonal Run 4-7
Hold Run 4-8
fctfdt Run 4-9
Programmed Run 4-10
Control Panel Lock 4-11
Precool/Preheat 4-12
Reducing Speed for Rotor Compartment Loads in

Excess of Design Mass 4-12

Table of Contents Sorvall® Centrifuges

Table of Contents (continued)

Page

Chapter 5. CALCULATOR

Calculator Display Screens 5-1
Calculate Speed/RCF for Rotor Time/fo^dt 5-1
Calculate Speed/RCF at a Radius 5-2
Calculate K Factor 5-2
Calculate Rotor Conversion/Time 5-2

Chapter 6. TROUBLESHOOTING & DIAGNOSTICS

Display Messages 6-1
Diagnostics:

General 6-5
Screen 1, Faults 6-6
Screen 2 6-7

Screen 3 6-9
How to Assign or Change a Key# 6-9
How to Change Slow Start/Slow Stop Transition Speed 6-12

Chapter 7. MAINTENANCE

Maintenance Schedule 7-1
Cleaning:

Rotor Chamber 7-2

Tapered Drive Spindle 7-2

Cabinet 7-2

Control Panel 7-2
Door Seal 7-2
Refrigeration System Condenser 7-4

Air Louvers 7-4
Lubrication 7-4
Changing the Vacuum Pump Oil & Mist Eliminator Filter 7-4
Emergency Sample Recovery 7-8

Test of RUN Display Lights & Control Panel Indicators 7-10
Parts Ordering Information 7-11
Service Decontamination Policy 7-11

APPENDIX

Vacuum Pump Oil Specifications
Warranty

Glossary
Index
Program Log Cards
Decontamination Certificates

VI

Sorvair Centrifuges

Table of Contents

List of Illustrations

Figure

1-1. SORVALL® RC-28S Supraspeed® Centrifuge viii

2-1.

Centrifuge Dimensions 2-1

2-2.

Leveling Adjustment 2-2

3-1.

Control Panel 3-2

7-1.

Door Seal Removal 7-3
7-2. Parts Identification, Vacuum Pump Oil Change 7-6
7-3.

Door Interlock Override 7-9

7-4. Vacuum Release Solenoid Valve Location 7-9

List of Tables

Table

4-1.

Rotor Information 4-4

6-1.

DIAGNOSTICS, Screen 2 Fields 6-7
6-2. DIAGNOSTICS, Screen 2 Operations 6-7
6-3.

DIAGNOSTICS, Screen 3 Fields 6-8

7-1.

Maintenance Schedule 7-1

Page

Page

vii

Sorvall® Centrifuges

viii

Figure 1-1. SORVALL® RC-28S Supraspeed® Centrifuge

Sorvall®Centrifuges Description

Chapter 1

DESCRIPTION

This manual provides you with the information you need to install, operate and
maintain your SORVALL® RC-28S Supraspeed® Centrifuge. If you encounter any
problem concerning either operation or maintenance that is not covered in the manual,
please telephone Du Pont for assistance. In the United States, call toll free

[phone].

SORVALL® Products.

General Description

The Sorvall® RC-28S Supraspeed® Centrifuge defines a new class of centrifuge that
brings an unparalleled level of performance to centrifugation. Created from the latest

design technology, it incorporates usability, dependability, and safety with an extremely

versatile speed range to set a new standard in value. When used with a Sorvall®

Supraspeed® rotor, the RC-28S can reach a top speed of 28 000 rpm with a maximum
g force of 100 095. At 100 095 x g you can perform applications in the RC-28S that
previously required an ultracentrifuge. In addition to the Supraspeed® rotors designed
for use with the RC-28S, the RC-28S accepts all Sorvall® superspeed rotors, increasing
its usefulness by making it capable of a wide range of applications.

Outside the United States, contact the distributor or agent for

The centrifuge is microcomputer controlled and designed to be user friendly. It can be
operated using basic parameters only or you can decide to use its special features.
Because of this versatility and its user-friendliness, it can easily be operated by
inexperienced persons learning centrifugation methods or by experienced persons
experimenting with new methods.

The brushless dc drive which offers the optimum in centrifuge drive performance is one
distinct feature of the RC-28S. Other features of the centrifuge are: automatic rotor
recognition; programmability; RCF and
for sample reorientation; overtemperature control; a control panel lock to prevent run
parameters from being changed; and a built-in calculator that can be used to perform

centrifugation calculations, including conversions between RCF and speed, time and
fco2dt or the calculation of K factors and run times when conversion of published run
parameters is desired.

The centrifuge also has extensive diagnostic routines that allow the user to identify
system malfunctions and perform maintenance and repair procedures.

For more on the features of the RC-28S, plus more on the centrifuge drive and other
systems, read the table on the next two pages and the descriptive paragraphs that follow
the table.

fco2dt

control; slow start and slow stop control

1-1

Description

Centrifuge Specifications

Son/all® Centrifuges

Rotor Management

SPIN-RIGHT® Rotor Management System

automatically recognizes installed Sorvall®
rotor when chamber door is closed. Pre-

vents operation of rotors above their maxi-

mum speed. Primary function of the system

is to provide an added margin of safety
during operation; however it is effective only
when it is operated as intended. Any mis­use of the system, as with any other centri­fuge system or feature, could result in
unsafe operation.

Rotor Speed

Set Speed:

from 100 rpm to 28 000 rpm in
increments of 10

Speed Control:

±10 rpm from 0-2000 rpm;

±0.5 % above 2000 rpm.

Speed Displayed:

digital readout during a run of actual
speed

Rotor Temperature

Set Temperature:

from -20°C to +40°C

Overtemperature:

automatic or settable from 0°C to 45°C

Temperature Control:

±10Cfrom2°Cto40°C

Temperature Displayed:

digital readout during a run of actual
temperature in 1 ° increments

1

Time

Set Time:

one minute to 99 hours and 99
minutes; can select HOLD for

continuous operation

Time (continued)

Time Displayed:

digital readout indicates remaining
time for a timed run or elapsed time
for continuous run

Vacuum

Rotary vane pump system.

Chamber pressure:

< 15 millibars (1.5 kPa)

Ambient Temperature
Range

from 15°Cto38°C

2

Dimensions:

Width:
Height: 93 cm (36.5 in)

Depth:

Clearances:

15 cm (6 in) required on left side of
centrifuge

70 cm (27.5 in)

to top deck

123 cm (48.5 in)

to top of control panel

103 cm (40.5 in)

Net Mass

385 kg (850 lbs)

Electrical Requirements

Can be supplied for use on the following
single phase power sources

200 V, 60 Hz, 30 A 200 V, 50 Hz, 30 A
208 V, 60 Hz, 30 A3 220 V, 50 Hz, 30 A
230 V, 60 Hz, 30 A3 240 V, 50 Hz, 30 A

Receptacle:

power cord fits Hubbell receptacle
No.

9330 or equivalent

1

Temperature range with power ON but no run in process (standby) is from -10°C to +30°C.

2

The centrifuge will operate at ambient temperatures up to 38°C, but refrigeration system performance will be less than optimal above 25°C.

3

CSA Certification applied for.

1-2

Sorvall® Centrifuges

Description

Centrifuge Features

High Performance Drive

A brushless dc direct drive system de-

signed for longer motor life and greater
reliability; provides high torque; fast ac­celeration; and smooth, precise speed

control. No brushes means less mainte­nance. Controlled by dual microproces­sors with accurate speed control during
acceleration and a Positive Action Brake
system that provides controlled braking
from set speed all the way to 0 rpm.
Includes Sorvall® Gyro-Action
Centering System that permits "eye bal­ancing" of tubes. Imbalance detector
protects against damage from gross im­balance conditions. Accepts all Sorvall®
Superspeed and Supraspeed® rotors.

Self-

Automatic Rotor Recognition

SPIN-RIGHT® Rotor Management System
automatically recognizes installed

Sorvall® rotor when chamber door is
closed. Provides optimal instrument

control. Prohibits operation of a rotor
above its maximum speed. Primary
function of the system is to provide an
added margin of safety during operation;
however, it is effective only when it is
operated as intended. Any misuse of the
system, as with any other centrifuge
system or feature, can result in unsafe
operation.

Vacuum

Allows Sorvall® Supraspeed® rotors to be

operated at speeds up to 28 000 rpm.

Automatically activated when required.

RCF Run

RCF can be chosen in place of a speed to
control run. Allows RCF to be repro­duced from run to run and rotor to rotor.

Accepts values up to 100 095 x g, de-

pending on the rotor used.

Slow Start / Slow Stop

Automatic control of acceleration and

deceleration to and from transition
speed; provides optimal reorientation
conditions which prevent disturbance of
gradient or pellet. Optimal times to and
from transition speed are automatically
determined for identified rotor or can be
manually selected; transition speed can
even be changed if desired. Flexibility of
control means you can duplicate a slow
start/slow stop run done in any other
centrifuge.

Zonal Run

Allows operation with the chamber door

open to dynamically load a Sorvall®

TZ-28 Zonal Rotor. Loading speed selec­tion from 1300 rpm to 2500 rpm. A key
number is required for zonal operation.

Precise Temperature Control

A high-capacity, highly efficient refrigera­tion system that combines heating and
cooling. The combined heating and
cooling provides temperature control
from 2°C to 40°C and eliminates the
need to defrost the chamber. Tempera­ture sensor is mounted away from the
chamber wall to further improve accu­racy of rotor temperature measurement.

Automatic sample temperature protec-

tion; maximum temperature will be set
automatically or can be entered manu­ally. Convenient precooling of rotors.

fco2dt Run

A built-in integrator that provides exact
run-to-run reproducibility by controlling
the accumulating
ing value is displayed during the run.

fo)2dt.

The accumulat-

Control Panel Lock

Locks the control panel to prevent run
conditions from being changed without

the operator knowing. A key number is
required to lock and unlock the control
panel.

1-3

Description

Centrifuge Features

Sorvall® Centrifuges

Programmability

Records run settings in memory. Once
recorded, programs can be recalled to
allow duplication of run. Up to 20 pro­grams can be recorded. A key number
is required to save a program to pre-

vent unauthorized changes; however,

programs can be recalled without a key
number.

Calculator

A built-in calculator that performs

basic centrifugation calculations: RCF,
Speed, Time,
leting time. Can be used to convert
run conditions from rotor to rotor.

S(o2dU

K Factor, and pel-

Security Key Number

A four digit security number that is

required to access protected data and
some diagnostics. Also required to
activate Zonal, Program Save, and the
Lock. Centrifuge is supplied with one
factory-set number, but you can pro­gram multiple numbers for greater se­curity and multiple users.

Advanced Diagnostics

Built-in diagnostic routines include
several levels of electronic trouble­shooting aids that allow you to diag­nose problems if they occur. Also used
to perform limited maintenance proce­dures and centrifuge updates.

Rotor Chamber

The stainless steel rotor chamber is

epoxy coated and free of wall sensors

making it durable and easy to clean.

Chamber seal is located in the door
rather than in the top of the chamber;
minimizes accumulation of dirt on the
seal which improves the seal. The door
seal can easily be removed for cleaning.
The sliding chamber door retracts
which makes the chamber easy to
access and solves door clearance prob­lems.

Size

The RC-28S is narrower than most
superspeed and ultraspeed centrifuges.
Requires less floor space.

Operator's Guide

Readily accessible operating instruc­tions and aids that pull out from under
the control panel. Includes convenient
Program Log records and rotor specifi­cations.

Serviceability & Technical
Support

Extensive diagnostics and easy to
access components make the RC-28S
easy to service. Complete product
literature available plus a toll free

number to call for technical assistance.

1-4

Sorvall®Centrifuges Description

System Descriptions

Drive System

The RC-28S drive system uses state-of-the-art brushless dc motor technology that

offers the optimum in centrifuge drive performance.

A brushless dc motor uses an electronic commutator in place of a mechanical

commutator, which eliminates brushes and the maintenance problems associated with
them, plus it eliminates the speed and current limitations of a mechanical commutator.
The high torque of the dc motor results in faster acceleration and braking, while the
high efficiency means less power consumption and less heat. Less heat in the motor
means that the drive runs cooler which eliminates the need for any auxiliary means of
motor cooling, such as Freon® or water.

The motor used is inherently non-cogging which ensures the smoothest acceleration

and deceleration possible. Cogging is typical of induction and brush type motors and
can cause sample disturbance during acceleration and deceleration.

The RC-28S drive system is controlled by dual microprocessors allowing extremely
accurate speed control during acceleration and deceleration and eliminating overshoot
of set speed. The accuracy of the speed control results in smoother slow start and slow
stop,

plus positive action braking from set speed to 0 rpm. The microprocessors operate
independent of each other to constantly monitor various centrifuge functions and, as an
added safety factor, they maintain constant internal communication with each other to
test and evaluate the performance of the other. The many tests that are performed
routinely throughout operation determine if any preset limitations are exceeded; any
failure detected will cause immediate shutdown by the processor detecting the problem.

In addition, the centrifuge will shut down if communication fails between the processors

or in the unlikely event both processors fail.

SPIN-RIGHT® Rotor Management System

The Sorvall® RC-28S SPIN-RIGHT® Rotor Management System automatically insures

optimal control of the selected speed and temperature parameters and prevents the

inadvertent setting of a speed beyond the capability of a given Sorvall® rotor. The
Sorvall® rotor installed in the chamber is recognized through an ultrasonic scanning
device that is activated when the chamber door is closed. The rotor identity is then
displayed in the SET display of the control panel.

The primary function of the rotor management system is to provide an added margin of
safety during operation. This system is effective only when it is operated as intended.

Any misuse of the system, as with any other centrifuge system or feature,can result in

unsafe operation

Refrigeration System

The refrigeration system consists of: a stainless steel evaporator that acts as the rotor

chamber, a 2-hp hermetically sealed compressor, an air-cooled condenser, and the

suction-capillary tube assembly. A hot gas bypass circuit allows for quiet, non-cycling

1-5

Description Sorvall®Centrifuges

compressor operation as well as improved temperature control and frost-free operation.

The refrigeration system is factory charged with Freon® 502.
The desired run temperature is entered on the control panel and is maintained by the

system electronics which cycles the hot gas circuit as required. If desired, a maximum
temperature can be entered on the control panel; if a value is not entered manually, the
maximum temperature will default to +5°C above set temperature. Any failure causing
the temperature to exceed the maximum setting will result in the termination of the run
and a corresponding message will be displayed on the control panel to alert the
operator.

Vacuum System

The vacuum system includes a direct drive vacuum pump, an air-inlet solenoid (bleed)
valve, mist eliminator, the evaporator chamber, and interconnecting tubes and fittings.
Reduced rotor chamber pressure is sensed by a Pirani convection gauge located at the
pump inlet manifold and monitored by the machine control microprocessor. When
activated, this system provides a vacuum level between 1 and 15 millibars.

The vacuum system is automatically activated only when the set speed is higher than
the top air speed of one of the Sorvall® Supraspeed® rotors designed specifically for use
with the RC-28S.

In the event of a vacuum loss or insufficient vacuum, a message will appear in the
control panel SET display to notify the operator. In an emergency, such as a power
failure, when sample recovery is desirable, the chamber door can be opened manually

(see Chapter 7 for procedure).

1-6

Sorvall® Centrifuges

Installation

Chapter 2

INSTALLATION

This chapter contains instructions to prepare your Sorvall® RC-28S for operation.

Inspection

When you receive your centrifuge, carefully inspect it for any signs of shipping

damage. If you find damage, please report it immediately to the transportation
company and file a damage claim, then notify Du Pont.

Check the parts received with the centrifuge against the shipping list; if any parts

are missing, contact Du Pont (see back cover).

Location

Locate the centrifuge on a level floor. To permit free air circulation, the location must
allow space for the size of the centrifuge (figure 2-1), plus an additional 15 cm (6 inch)
space on the left side of the centrifuge. Free air circulation is very important for the
centrifuge to function properly.

LEFTSIDE OF

CENTRIFUGE

POWER

CORD

200cm -

(78.5 in)

123 cm

(48.5 in)

Figure 2-1. Centrifuge Dimensions

2-1

Installation

Son/all® Centrifuges

Ambient Temperature

An ambient temperature range of 15°C to 38°C must be maintained. If the inlet air

temperature is above 25°C, the centrifuge will not maintain low temperatures at

high speeds.

Leveling

WARNING

The front stabilizers must be used as explained below to lift the casters off the

floor; this will help minimize centrifuge movement in the event of a rotor

failure.

When the centrifuge is situated at its operating location, lower and secure the front
locking stabilizers. Lower the two locking stabilizers by hand until they are finger tight
against the floor. Then use the 9/16 inch (14 mm) wrench supplied with the centrifuge
to rotate each stabilizer an additional 2 1/2 turns. This will raise the front casters
about 3 mm (1/8 inch) off the floor and level the centrifuge (based on level floor).

LOCKING STABILIZERS

(9/16 in [14 mm] HEX)

APPROX. 3mm (1/8 in)

OFF THE FLOOR

Figure 2-2. Leveling Adjustment

Electrical

Your centrifuge was ordered for a specific single phase power source (preferably
regulated). The nameplate on the back panel of the centrifuge tells which one of
the following classifications you ordered:

200 V, 60 Hz, 30 A
208 V, 60 Hz, 30 A*
230 V, 60 Hz, 30 A*

200 V, 50 Hz, 30 A
220 V, 50 Hz, 30 A
240 V, 50 Hz, 30 A

If the line voltage varies ±10% of its nominal value, you may notice variations in the
performance of the centrifuge. If the line voltage exceeds this tolerance, it may
damage the centrifuge.

* CSA Certification applied for.

2-2

Sorvall® Centrifuges installation

CAUTION

The centrifuge can be damaged if connected to the wrong voltage. Check
the voltage before plugging the centrifuge into any power source. DuPont
is not responsible for improper installation.

The centrifuge is equipped with a 3-wire power cord with a 3-prong cap, including
ground connection, to fit Hubbell receptacle No. 9330 or equivalent.

To connect the centrifuge to a voltage other than what is specified on the nameplate, the
centrifuge will have to be rewired and the power cord may have to be replaced. In this
case,

contact DuPont to have a Service Representative do the rewiring.

The ON/OFF main power switch is a 30 A circuit breaker, therefore a separate line
disconnect switch is not needed unless required by local codes.

2-3/2-4

Sorvall® Centrifuges Controls

Chapter 3

CONTROLS

This chapter provides:

• a detailed description of the RC-28S controls;

• a brief description of the built-in calculator; and

• a brief description of the diagnostic routines.

For step-by-step operating instructions see Chapter 4, and for further information
on the calculator and the diagnostics, see Chapters 5 and 6.

NOTE

A convenient Operator's Guide containing simplified instructions is located
under the centrifuge control console.

Control Panel

The RC-28S is easy to use. All commands are entered from the convenient keypad
on the control panel and the set and run parameters are visible in the displays. All
selected parameters can be locked to prevent changes to run settings. Figure 3-1
on the next page shows the RC-28S control panel and gives a brief description of
the keys and displays. A complete description follows the illustration.

Set Display

The SET display is the lower display that changes by pressing the PROGRAM,
CALCULATE or DIAGNOSTICS key to show various screens of parameters or
operations. A cursor in the SET display indicates the field where the next input
character will appear. Lights below the display indicate the position of the cursor.

Run Display

The RUN display includes the three upper displays that show actual speed,
temperature, and time or Jco2dt during a run.

3-1

CO

SCREEN INDICATOR

Indicates which screen
has been selected and
appears in SET display.

CURSOR INDICATOR

Indicates cursor location in
SET display.

2

1

SET DISPLAY

Displays parameters to
be selected, calculator
modes, and diagnostic
conditions. Change dis­play by pressing one of

the three control keys be-

low the display.

RUN DISPLAY

Speed

Displays current rotor
speed (rpm) during a run.

Temperature

Displays current rotor
temperature (°C) during a
run.

Time

TIMED Run: displays re-

maining run time.
HOLD Run: displays ac-

cumulating run time.

displays accu-

mulating integral value.

Ja/WflNDICATOR

Indicator light is ON when
lco2dt run is selected.

START

Starts the centrifuge run.

O

O

a

PROGRAM

Primary control key. Se­lects one screen of basic
and three screens of op-

B

tional run parameters.

Display changes each

I

time key is pressed and a

corresponding indicator
light above the key comes
on to indicate which
screen is in the display.

CALCULATE

Selects calculator mode to

perform basic centrifuga­tion calculations. Four
screens of calculations
available. Display chan­ges each time key is
pressed and a corre­sponding indicator light
above the key comes on to
indicate which screen is in
display.

DIAGNOSTICS

Selects diagnostic mode
to help isolate malfunc­tions,

provide status of

various systems, and to

perform maintenance pro­cedures.

ENTER

Moves the cursor right or
left through SET display.
Also causes an input
value to be accepted.

ON/OFF +/-

The +/- changes set tem­perature values from plus
to minus or from minus to
plus.

The On/Off selects
brake mode and other
options.

STOP

Stops the centrifuge run.

NUMERIC KEYPAD

Used to input numbers to
select parameters.

HOLD

Selects a continuous run.

CLEAR

Cancels an input or a pre­viously entered value.

CO

o

5

(D

CO

Sorvall® Centrifuges

Controls

Description of Display & Key Functions

v

j v j V j

Cancels
the entry
again,

Starts

Stops

the

the

the

The numeric keypad

select parameter values.

The ENTER keys cause
accepted, plus they cause
the right

On/Off
word

On or Off

of

the SET
the temperature value from positive
negative

an

input

is set to

previously entered value

centrifuge

centrifuge

or a

previously entered value. When

zero

(0) and a new

run.

run.

is

or to the

is

used

to

is

used

to

left through

to

select options. When pressed,

will appear

display.

positive.

value

restored.

input numbers from

an

input value

the

cursor

the SET

in the

The +/- is

can be

input. When pressed

appropriate field

used only

to

the key is

0 to 9 to

to

move

display.

to

negative

pressed,

to be

to

the

change

or

Selects a continuous
the

SET

display
is pressed,
show accumulating

Selects four screens
screens

come

the

The four PROGRAM
parameters

are

labeled

on to

SET

indicate which screen

display will change

and

1

2

the

1, 2, 3, and 4 and

operations. A description

Rotor Speed Hr:Min Tenp/Max Brake

RCF Slow-Start Slow-Stop Zonal/Speed

3

run. The

and all

timer will start

run

zeros will

time.

Program

of

standard

you

key

to the

screens

next screen.

word Hold will appear

be in the RUN

and the

Key

and

optional centrifugation conditions.

have corresponding lights above

have accessed. Each time

are

illustrated below showing

of the

Time field

Functions & Display Screens

fields

in

each screen follows.

in the

display.

of the RUN

As

the key is

PROGRAM DISPLAY SCREENS

w2dt Tine-out Total Lock

HnMin field

soon

as

START

display will

PROGRAM

The

the key

the

available

that

pressed,

of

4

PROGRflM> Recal1# Save#

3-3

Controls Sorvall® Centrifuges

PROGRAM

Program Key Functions & Display Screens

Rotor Speed HrsMin Temp^Max Brake

Screen

1

F-28^13 23000

0:90

+4+9

On

When the "1" indicator light above the PROGRAM key
will include
temperature,

changed during a run.

Following is a description of each field in this screen.

the
and

basic

brake.

run

All

parameters: rotor identification, speed, time,

parameters, except rotor identification,

is

on, the SET display screen

can be

Rotor Speed HrsMin TeMp/Max Brake

The SPIN-RIGHT® Rotor Management System automatically recognizes the installed
Sorvall® rotor
and RCF calculation. When the chamber door
in the display. Whenever the chamber door
the display unless the Lock
display.

The rotor identification cannot be changed after START has been pressed.

Iliiiiiil Speed

Centrifugation speed
increments
of the installed rotor
erroneous entry.

to

of

provide temperature compensation, top speed limit, speed control,

is

closed, the rotor name will appear

is

open, the word NONE will appear

is

on,

in

is

10 rpm.

is

In

which case the rotor name will stay

selected

If a

entered, all digits

this case, clear the entry and make a valid entry.

by

entering a value from 100

speed value greater than the maximum allowable speed

in

the Speed field will flash indicating an

to

28 000 rpm

in

in

the

in

NOTE

If an RCF value
the chosen RCF value will automatically be calculated and displayed in this field.

The speed setting can
Speed field and entering a new value.

is

be

selected

to

control the run, the speed required

changed after a run has been started by returning

to

achieve

Rotor Speed HrsMin TerwMax Brake

Centrifugation time can

Values are displayed exactly

displayed 0:90 which represents one hour and 30 minutes run time. The same run
time

of

one hour and

displayed as 1:30.

3-4

be set

as

30

minutes can

from one minute
entered;

for

be

example,

selected

to 99

if

by

hours and

you input 90,

entering 130; this will

99

minutes.

it

to

will

the

be
be

Sorvall® Centrifuges Controls

PROGRAM

As soon

timer will begin when START
from
HOLD will appear

(0)
timer will begin after
Time
entering a new value.

as an

set

value

and

will show accumulating

can be

entry
to

changed after

is

zero
in the SET

made,

to

show remaining

the

rotor

the run has

Program

the

is

pressed

display

run

Key

entered value will appear

and the RUN

time. When operating

has

been loaded

Functions & Display Screens

and the RUN

run

time.

started

by

display value will count down

If

display value will begin

and the

returning

HOLD

NOTE

If

the

integrator
accumulated. During
integral value

HnMin field.
started.

During a timed

value will

be

displayed

is On, the run

a run, the RUN

and the SET

The

run

integrator cannot

with

no

in the

will

end

when

display will show accumulating

be

turned

preselected integral value,

G&dt

Total field

of

the

selected integral value

display will show

Off (or On)

Screen

3.

the

Rotor 5r*eed HrsMin Tenp/Max Ilillfil

. i

in the

in the

to the

after

RUN display.

is

selected,

Zonal mode,

chamber door closed.

Hr:Min field

the

accumulating

run

time

a run has

accumulating integral

the

at

has

in the

been

The
word

zero

the

and

There

centrifugation temperature;
protection limit.

Centrifugation temperature
Acceptable
value
Temp value

to 0°C).

Max temperature

desired value, however,

operation,
value until

are two

is not

If

the

temperature shown

value (shown

indicated temperature

Temp value

the Max

rotor temperature settings.

Max

the

temperature values

entered,

is -6°C or

or at

rotor

the

lower

in the SET

0°C.

can be

temperature setting should

has

and

changed

it
cooled

the

other.

can be set

value will default

in

which case

Max,

from -20°C

are

from

NOTE

in RUN

display),

will decrease

must

to the

display

Max

as

by

moving

be at

least

selected temperature.

The

to 5°C

the Max

is 5°C or

temperature will remain

2°

first

one,

selects

0°C to

rotor cools until

the

not be

the

sample overtemperature

to

+40°C

+45°C.
above
temperature will always default

cursor

above

the

more above entered Temp

to Max and

set

Temp value.

changed from

Brak

Temp, selects desired

in

increments

If a Max

Temp value (unless

it is 5°

e

of 1°C.

temperature

3°C

above

above

entering

the

set

For

default

the

best

Press On/Off
Brake field

to

turn

the

to

indicate choice.

brake

on or off. The

word

On or Off

will appear

in the

3-5

Controls Sorvall® Centrifuges

PROGRAM

Program Key Functions & Display Screens

When the brake is Off, the rotor will coast from set speed to zero rpm at the end of
the run. If a slow stop has been selected, the rotor will coast to the transition
speed, then continue to decelerate at the controlled rate. When the Brake is On,
the rotor will brake from set speed to zero rpm at the end of a run; if a slow stop
has also been selected, the rotor will brake to transition speed, then continue to
decelerate at the controlled rate.

C

o *> "CF

screen

To access, press PROGRAM until the "2" indicator light above the key is lit. The

SET display will include the following fields: RCF, Slow Start, Slow Stop and Zonal.

RCF

z

100095 On fluto On fluio Off 1500

Slow-Start Slow-Stop Zonal/Speed

The RCF field is used to: (1) display calculated RCF value for the identified rotor
and the set run speed prior to a run and to display actual RCF value during a run; or

(2) to set the centrifuge to operate at a given g force. When an RCF value is

selected to control the run, the speed required to achieve it will automatically be

calculated and displayed in the Speed field of Screen 1.

During a run, the RCF (at rmax of the identified rotor) at actual speed is always

displayed in this field whether the run is programmed for speed or g force. At the
end of a run, the value zero will remain in this field until the chamber door is
opened. When the door is opened, the display will change back to show the RCF

value for the set speed.

RCF Slow-Start

To select a slow start, move the cursor to Slow-Start and press
will show "On Auto". Auto is the optimal rate automatically calculated to have the

installed rotor accelerate to transition speed in approximately 2 minutes. When
the run is started, a message will appear in the SET display to indicate that a slow
start is in progress. When the rotor reaches transition speed, the message in the

display will go out and the rotor will accelerate to set speed at the maximum rate.
The length of time for acceleration from 0 rpm to transition speed can be changed
by positioning the cursor under "Auto" and entering the number of minutes (from 1

to 30) that you want for acceleration. Once Slow-Start has been turned On, it will

remain On until it is turned Off. When Slow-Start is Off, the rotor will accelerate

from 0 rpm to set speed at the maximum rate.

On/Off;

the display

3-6

NOTE

The preset transition speed (approximately 300 rpm for S-20 rotor and
approximately 800 rpm for all other rotors) can be changed. See Chapter 6.