Sony ICX406AQF Datasheet

ICX406A QF

Diagonal 8.98mm (Type 1/1.8) Frame Readout CCD Image Sensor with a Square Pixel for Color Cameras

Description

The ICX406AQF is a diagonal 8.98mm (Type 1/1.8) interline CCD solid-state image sensor with a square pixel array and 3.98M effective pixels. Frame readout allows all pixels' signals to be output independently within approximately 1/3.33 second.

Also, number of vertical pixels decimation allows output of 30 frames per second in high frame rate readout mode.

This chip features an electronic shutter with variable charge-storage time.

R, G, B primary color mosaic filters are used as the color filters, and at the same time high sensitivity and low dark current are achieved through the adoption of Super HAD CCD technology.

This chip is suitable for applications such as electronic still cameras, etc.

Features

• Supprots frame readout

• High horizontal and vertical resolution

• Supports high frame rate readout mode: 30 frames/s, 25 frames/s,

AF1 mode: 60 frames/s, 50 frames/s,

AF2 mode: 120 frames/s, 100 frames/s

• Square pixel

• Horizontal drive frequency: 18MHz

• No voltage adjustments (reset gate and substrate bias are not adjusted.)

• R, G, B primary color mosaic filters on chip

• High sensitivity, low dark current

• Continuous variable-speed shutter

• Excellent anti-blooming characteristics

• Exit pupil distance recommended range –20 to –100mm

• 20-pin high-precision plastic package Device Structure

• Interline CCD image sensor

• Total number of pixels: 2384 (H) × 1734 (V) approx. 4.13M pixels

• Number of effective pixels: 2312 (H) × 1720 (V) approx. 3.98M pixels

• Number of active pixels: 2308 (H) × 1712 (V) approx. 3.95M pixels diagonal 8.980mm

• Number of recommended recording pixels:

2272 (H) × 1740 (V) approx. 3.87M pixels diagonal 8.875mm aspect ratio 4:3

• Chip size: 8.10mm (H) × 6.64mm (V)

• Unit cell size: 3.125µm (H) × 3.125µm (V)

• Optical black: Horizontal (H) direction: Front 16 pixels, rear 56 pixels

Vertical (V) direction: Front 12 pixels, rear 2 pixels

• Number of dummy bits: Horizontal 28

Vertical 1 (even fields only)

• Substrate material: Silicon

20 pin SOP (Plastic)

V

16

Pin 11

H

Optical black position

(T op View)

Pin 1

2

12

56

∗

Super HAD CCD is a trademark of Sony Corporation. The Super HAD CCD is a version of Sony's high performance CCD HAD (Hole-

Accumulation Diode) sensor with sharply improved sensitivity by the incorporation of a new semiconductor technology developed by Sony

Corporation.

Sony reserves the right to change products and specifications without prior notice. This information does not convey any license by any implication or otherwise under any patents or other right. Application circuits shown, if any, are typical examples illustrating the operation of the devices. Sony cannot assume responsibility for any problems arising out of the use of these circuits.

– 1 –

E01331-PS

Block Diagram and Pin Configuration

(Top View)

OUT

V

GND

TEST

10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

ICX406AQF

4

Vφ1BVφ1AVφ2Vφ3BVφ3AVφ

Gb

R

Gb

R

Gb

Vertical register

11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

φRG

2Hφ1

Hφ

DD

V

B

φSUB

R

Gb

R

Gb

SUB

C

Gr

B

Gr

B

Horizontal register

GND

B

Gr

B

Gr

B

GrRGrR

Note)

Note) : Photo sensor

L

V

2

Hφ1Hφ

Pin Description

Pin No. Symbol Description Pin No. Symbol Description

1 2 3 4

Vφ4 Vφ3A Vφ3B Vφ2

Vertical register transfer clock Vertical register transfer clock Vertical register transfer clock Vertical register transfer clock

11 12 13 14

VDD φRG Hφ2 Hφ1

Supply voltage Reset gate clock Horizontal register transfer clock

Horizontal register transfer clock 5 6 7 8 9

10

1

∗

Leave this pin open.

2

∗

DC bias is generated within the CCD, so that this pin should be grounded externally through a capacitance

Vφ1A Vφ1B TEST TEST GND VOUT

Vertical register transfer clock Vertical register transfer clock

1

Test pin Test pin

∗

1

∗

GND Signal output

15 16 17 18 19 20

GND φSUB CSUB VL Hφ1 Hφ2

GND

Substrate clock

2

Substrate bias

∗

Protective transistor bias

Horizontal register transfer clock

of 0.1µF.

– 2 –

Absolute Maximum Ratings

ICX406AQF

Item

DD, VOUT, φRG – φSUB

V Vφ

1A, Vφ1B, Vφ3A, Vφ3B – φSUB

Against φSUB

Vφ2, Vφ4, VL – φSUB Hφ1, Hφ2, GND – φSUB CSUB – φSUB VDD, VOUT, φRG, CSUB – GND

Against GND

Vφ1A, Vφ1B, Vφ2, Vφ3A, Vφ3B, Vφ4 – GND Hφ1, Hφ2 – GND Vφ1A, Vφ1B, Vφ3A, Vφ3B – VL

Against VL

Vφ2, Vφ4, Hφ1, Hφ2, GND – VL

Voltage difference between vertical clock input pins Between input clock pins

Hφ1 – Hφ2

Hφ1, Hφ2 – Vφ4 Storage temperature Guaranteed temperature of performance Operating temperature

Ratings Unit Remarks –40 to +12 –50 to +15

–50 to +0.3 –40 to +0.3

–25 to

–0.3 to +22

–10 to +18

–10 to +6.5 –0.3 to +28 –0.3 to +15

to +15

–6.5 to +6.5

–10 to +16 –30 to +80 –10 to +60 –10 to +75

V V V V V V V V V V V V

V °C °C °C

1

∗

1

∗

+24V (Max.) when clock width < 10µs, clock duty factor < 0.1%. +16V (Max.) is guaranteed for turning on or off power supply.

– 3 –

Bias Conditions

ICX406AQF

Item Supply voltage Protective transistor bias Substrate clock Reset gate clock

1

∗

VL setting is the VVL voltage of the vertical clock waveform, or the same voltage as the VL power supply

Symbol

VDD VL

φSUB φRG

Min.

14.55 15.45

15.0

1

∗

2

∗

2

∗

Unit RemarksTyp. Max.

V

for the V driver should be used.

2

∗

Do not apply a DC bias to the substrate clock and reset gate clock pins, because a DC bias is generated within the CCD.

DC Characteristics

Item Supply current

Symbol

IDD

Min. Unit RemarksTyp. Max.

7.0

mA10.03.0

Clock V olta ge Conditions

V V V

Waveform Diagram

1 2 2

Remarks

VVH = (VVH1 + VVH2)/2

Item Symbol

Readout clock voltage

VVT VVH1, VVH2 VVH3, VVH4

Min. Typ. Max. Unit

14.55 –0.05

–0.2

15.0 0 0

15.45

0.05

Vertical transfer clock voltage

Horizontal transfer clock voltage

Reset gate clock voltage

Substrate clock voltage

VVL1, VVL2, VVL3, VVL4

VφV VVH3 – VVH VVH4 – VVH VVHH VVHL VVLH VVLL VφH VHL VCR VφRG VRGLH – VRGLL VRGL – VRGLm VφSUB

–8.0

6.8 –0.25 –0.25

4.75

–0.05

0.8

3.0

21.5

–7.5

7.5

5.0 0

2.5

3.3

22.5

–7.0

8.05

0.1

0.9

0.7

5.25

0.05

5.25

0.4

0.5

23.5

V V

V V V V V V V V V V V V V

2 2

2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 4 4 4 5

VVL = (VVL3 + VVL4)/2 VφV = VVHn – VVLn (n = 1 to 4)

High-level coupling High-level coupling Low-level coupling Low-level coupling

Cross-point voltage

Low-level coupling Low-level coupling

– 4 –

Clock Equivalent Circuit Constants

ICX406AQF

Item Min.

Capacitance between vertical transfer clock and GND

Capacitance between vertical transfer clocks

Capacitance between horizontal transfer clock and GND

Capacitance between horizontal transfer clocks

Capacitance between reset gate clock and GND

Symbol CφV1A, CφV3A CφV1B, CφV3B CφV2, CφV4 CφV1A2, CφV3A4 CφV1B2, CφV3B4 CφV23A, CφV41A CφV23B, CφV41B CφV1A3A CφV1B3B CφV1A3B, CφV1B3A CφV24 CφV1A1B, CφV3A3B

CφH1, CφH2

CφHH

CφRG

Typ. Max. 1200 4700 3300

470

560

150

220

39

220

56 82 68

36

91

8

Unit Remarks

pF pF pF pF pF pF pF pF pF pF pF pF

pF

Capacitance between substrate clock and GND

Vertical transfer clock series resistor Vertical transfer clock ground resistor

Horizontal transfer clock series resistor

Vφ

2

R

GND

2

Cφ

V1A3A

Cφ

V3B4

R

4

V23A

Cφ

V3A4

Cφ

R

3A

Cφ

R

Cφ

Vφ

Cφ

Vφ

1A

V1B2

V1A

Cφ

V1B3A

V1B

V41A

1B

V1A1B

R

1B

Cφ

V24

Cφ

V1A2

R

1A

Cφ

V4

Cφ

V41B

R

Cφ

V1B3B

V23B

3B

Vφ

Cφ Cφ

V3A3B

Cφ Cφ

Vφ

CφSUB R1A, R1B, R2,

R3A, R3B, R4 RGND RφH

3A

V2 V3A

V1A3B V3B

3B

1000

62 18

15

Hφ1 Hφ2

CφHH

Hφ1 Hφ2

CφH1

pF

Ω Ω

Ω

RφHRφH

CφH2

Vφ

4

Vertical transfer clock equivalent circuit Horizontal transfer clock equivalent circuit

– 5 –

Drive Clock Waveform Conditions

(1) Readout clock waveform

100%

90%

V

VT

10%

0%

tr tf

twh

(2) Vertical transfer clock waveform

Vφ1A, Vφ1B Vφ3A, Vφ3B

V

VH1

V

VHH

V

VH

V

VHH

φM

ICX406AQF

φM

2

0V

V

VHH

V

VH

V

VHL

V

VHL

V

VL1

V

VLH

V

VLL

V

VL

V

Vφ2 Vφ4

V

VHH

V

VHL

V

VH2

V

VHH

V

VH

V

VHL

VL3

V

VHL

V

VH

V

VHL

V

VH3

VL

V

VHL

V

VLH

V

VLL

V

VHH

V

VH4

VHH

V

VHL

V

VL

VVH = (VVH1 + VVH2)/2 VVL = (VVL3 + VVL4)/2 VφV = VVHn – VVLn (n = 1 to 4)

VLL

V

VLH

V

VL2

V

VL4

VLH

V

VLL

V

VL

– 6 –

ICX406AQF

(3) Horizontal transfer clock waveform

tf

VCR

twl

VHL

Hφ

90%

10%

Hφ

tr

2

1

twh

Vφ

H

VφH

2

two

Cross-point voltage for the Hφ1 rising side of the horizontal transfer clocks Hφ1 and Hφ2 waveforms is VCR. The overlap period for twh and twl of horizontal transfer clocks Hφ1 and Hφ2 is two.

(4) Reset gate clock waveform

RG waveform

V

RGLH

V

RGLL

V

RGLm

tr twh

Vφ

RG

tf

V

RGH

twl

Point A

V

RGL

VRGLH is the maximum value and VRGLL is the minimum value of the coupling waveform during the period from Point A in the above diagram until the rising edge of RG. In addition, VRGL is the average value of VRGLH and VRGLL.

VRGL = (VRGLH + VRGLL)/2

Assuming VRGH is the minimum value during the interval with twh, then:

VφRG = VRGH – VRGL

Negative overshoot level during the falling edge of RG is VRGLm.

(5) Substrate clock waveform

100%

90%

10%

V

(A bias generated within the CCD)

SUB

0%

Vφ

SUB

tr tftwh

– 7 –

φM

2

Clock Switching Characteristics (Horizontal drive frequency: 18MHz)

ICX406AQF

Item

Readout clock Vertical transfer

clock

Horizontal transfer clock

Reset gate clock

Substrate clock

Symbol

VT Vφ1A, Vφ1B,

Vφ2, Vφ3A, Vφ3B, Vφ4

Hφ1 Hφ2

φRG

φSUB

Horizontal transfer clock

Min.

3.10

14 14

7

1.6

Symbol

Hφ1, Hφ2

twh

twl tr tf

Typ. Max. Min. Typ. Max. Min. Typ. Max. Min. Typ. Max.

3.33

19.5

19.5 10

3.56

141419.5

19.5 37

0.5

8.5

8.5 4

14 14

0.5

15

0.5

8.5

8.5 5

250

14 14

0.5

two

Min.

Typ. Max.

UnitnsRemarksItem

12 19.5

Unit

µs

During readout When using

ns

CXD3400N

ns

tf ≥ tr – 2ns

ns

During drain

µs

charge

Remarks

Spectral Sensitivity Characteristics (excludes lens characteristics and light source characteristics)

1.0

0.9

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

Relative Response

0.3

0.2

0.1 0

400

B

450 500 550

G

R

600 650 700

Wave Length [nm]

– 8 –

ICX406AQF

Image Sensor Characteristics (horizontal drive frequency: 18MHz) (Ta = 25°C)

Item

G Sensitivity Sensitivity

comparison Saturation signal

Smear

Symbol

Sg

R

B

Rr Rb Vsat

Min.

180

0.35

0.40 380

Typ.

220

0.50

0.55

–85

Max.

285

0.65

0.70

–81.2

Sm

–72

–68.0

20

Video signal shading

SHg

25 Dark signal Dark signal shading Line crawl G Line crawl R Line crawl B Lag

1

∗

After closing the mechanical shutter, the smear can be reduced to below the detection limit by performing

Vdt ∆Vdt Lcg Lcr Lcb Lag

16

8

3.8

0.5

Measurement

Unit

method

mV

dB

%

mV mV

% % % %

Remarks

1

1/30s accumulation 1 1 2

Ta = 60°C

Frame readout mode

∗

3

High frame rate readout mode

Zone 0 and I 4

Zone 0 to II' 5 6

Ta = 60°C, 3.33 frame/s

Ta = 60°C, 3.33 frame/s, 7 7 7 8

vertical register sweep operation.

2

∗

Excludes vertical dark signal shading caused by vertical register high-speed transfer.

1

2

∗

Zone Definition of Video Signal Shading

2

H

8

2312 (H)

V

10

V

10

Zone 0, I

Zone II, II'

Ignored region

Effective pixel region

Measurement System

CCD signal output [∗A]

CCD C.D.S

AMP

2

4

H

8

1720 (V)

4

S/H

Gr/Gb channel signal output [∗B]

S/H

R/B channel signal output [∗C]

Note) Adjust the amplifier gain so that the gain between [∗A] and [∗B], and between [∗A] and [∗C] equals 1.

– 9 –

ICX406AQF

Image Sensor Characteristics Measurement Method

Measurement conditions

(1) In the following measurements, the device drive conditions are at the typical values of the bias and clock

voltage conditions, and the frame readout mode is used.

(2) In the following measurements, spot blemishes are excluded and, unless otherwise specified, the optical

black level (OB) is used as the reference for the signal output, which is taken as the value of the Gr/Gb channel signal output or the R/B channnel signal output of the measurement system.

Color coding of this image sensor & Readout

B2

B1

Gb B Gb B

RGrRGr

Gb B Gb B

RGrRGr

Color Coding Diagram

The primary color filters of this image sensor are arranged in the layout shown in the figure on the left (Bayer arrangement).

A2

Gr and Gb denote the G signals on the same line as the R signal and the B signal, respectively. For frame readout, the A1 and A2 lines are output as signals in

A1

the A field, and the B1 and B2 lines in the B field.

Horizontal register

– 10 –