Sony ICX274AQ User Manual

ICX274A Q

Diagonal 8.923mm (Type 1/1.8) Progressive Scan CCD Image Sensor with Square Pixel for Color Cameras

Description

The ICX274AQ is a diagonal 8.923mm (Type 1/1.8) interline CCD solid-state image sensor with a square pixel array and 2.01M effective pixels. Progressive scan allows all pixels' signals to be output independently within approximately 1/15 second, and output is also possible using various addition and pulse elimination methods. This chip features an electronic shutter with variable charge-storage time which makes it possible to realize full-frame still images without a mechanical shutter. High resolution and high color reproductivity are achieved through the use of R, G, B primary color mosaic filters as the color filters. Further, high sensitivity and low dark current are achieved through the adoption of Super HAD CCD technology.

This chip is suitable for applications such as electronic still cameras, PC input cameras, etc.

Features

• High horizontal and vertical resolution

• Supports the following modes

Progressive scan mode (with/without mechanical shutter) 2/8-line readout mode 2/4-line readout mode 2-line addition mode Center scan modes (1), (2) and (3) AF modes (1) and (2)

• Square pixel

• Horizontal drive frequency: 28.6364MHz (typ.), 36.0MHz (max.)

• Reset gate bias are not adjusted

• R, G, B primary color mosaic filters on chip

• High sensitivity, low dark current

• Continuous variable-speed shutter function

• Excellent anti-blooming characteristics

• 20-pin high-precision plastic package

20 pin DIP (Plastic)

V

12

Pin 11

Optical black position

H

(T op View)

Pin 1

2

10

48

Device Structure

• Interline CCD image sensor

• Image size: Diagonal 8.923mm (Type 1/1.8)

• Total number of pixels: 1688 (H) × 1248 (V) approx. 2.11M pixels

• Number of effective pixels: 1628 (H) × 1236 (V) approx. 2.01M pixels

• Number of active pixels: 1620 (H) × 1220 (V) approx. 1.98M pixels

• Recommended number of

recording pixels: 1600 (H) × 1200 (V) approx. 1.92M pixels

• Chip size: 8.50mm (H) × 6.80mm (V)

• Unit cell size: 4.40µm (H) × 4.40µm (V)

• Optical black: Horizontal (H) direction: Front 12 pixels, rear 48 pixels

Vertical (V) direction: Front 10 pixels, rear 2 pixels

• Number of dummy bits: Horizontal 28

Vertical 1

• Substrate material: Silicon

∗

Wfine CCD is trademark of Sony corporation. Represents a CCD adopting progressive scan, primary color filter and square pixel.

Sony reserves the right to change products and specifications without prior notice. This information does not convey any license by any implication or otherwise under any patents or other right. Application circuits shown, if any, are typical examples illustrating the operation of the devices. Sony cannot assume responsibility for any problems arising out of the use of these circuits.

– 1 –

E01410B23-PS

Block Diagram and Pin Configuration

(Top View)

OUT

V

GND

Vφ1Vφ2CVφ2BVφ2AVφ3CVφ3BVφ3AVφ

10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

ICX274AQ

4

B G B G B G B GRGR

Note)

Note) : Photo sensor

L

V

2A

Hφ1AHφ

φSUB

G R G R G R G

SUB

C

G R G R G R

Vertical register

G

11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

φRG

2BHφ1B

Hφ

DD

V

B G B G B G B

Horizontal register

GND

Pin Description

Pin No. Symbol Description Pin No. Symbol Description

1

Vφ4

2

Vφ3A

Vertical register transfer clock Vertical register transfer clock

11 12

VDD φRG

Supply voltage Reset gate clock

3

Vφ3B

4

Vφ3C

5

Vφ2A

6

Vφ2B

7

Vφ2C

8

Vφ1

9

GND

10

1

∗

DC bias is generated within the CCD, so that this pin should be grounded externally through a capacitance of

VOUT

Vertical register transfer clock Vertical register transfer clock Vertical register transfer clock Vertical register transfer clock Vertical register transfer clock Vertical register transfer clock GND Signal output

13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

Hφ2B Hφ1B GND φSUB CSUB VL Hφ1A Hφ2A

Horizontal register transfer clock Horizontal register transfer clock GND Substrate clock

1

Substrate bias

∗

Protective transistor bias Horizontal register transfer clock Horizontal register transfer clock

0.1µF.

– 2 –

Absolute Maximum Ratings

ICX274AQ

Item

DD, VOUT, φRG – φSUB

V Vφ

2α, Vφ3α – φSUB (α = A to C)

Against φSUB

Vφ1, Vφ4, VL – φSUB Hφ1β, Hφ2β, GND – φSUB (β = A, B) CSUB – φSUB VDD, VOUT, φRG, CSUB – GND

Against GND

Vφ1, Vφ2α, Vφ3α, Vφ4 – GND (α = A to C) Hφ1β, Hφ2β – GND (β = A, B) Vφ2α, Vφ3α – VL (α = A to C)

Against VL

Vφ1, Vφ4, Hφ1β, Hφ2β, GND – VL (β = A, B)

Voltage difference between vertical clock input pins Between input clock pins

Hφ1β – Hφ2β (β = A, B)

Hφ1β, Hφ2β – Vφ4 (β = A, B) Storage temperature Guaranteed temperature of performance Operating temperature

Ratings Unit Remarks

–40 to +12

–50 to +15 –50 to +0.3 –40 to +0.3 –25 to –0.3 to +22

–10 to +18 –10 to +6.5 –0.3 to +28 –0.3 to +15

to +15

–6.5 to +6.5

–10 to +16

–30 to +80

–10 to +60

–10 to +75

V V V V V V V V V V V V V

°C °C °C

2

∗

2

∗

+24V (Max.) is guaranteed when clock width < 10µs, clock duty factor < 0.1%. +16V (Max.) is guaranteed during power-on or power-off.

– 3 –

Bias Conditions

ICX274AQ

Item Supply voltage Protective transistor bias

Substrate voltage adjustment range

No line addition 2-line addition

∗

Substrate voltage adjustment accuracy Reset gate clock

1

∗

Progressive scan mode, 2/8-line readout mode, 2/4-line readout mode, center scan modes (1) and (3),

Symbol

VDD VL

1

∗

VSUB

2

VSUB2

∆VSUB φRG

Min.

14.55

Internally generated value

8.8

Indicated voltage – 0.2

15.0

3

∗

Indicated voltage

5

∗

15.45

14.4

Indicated voltage + 0.2

Unit

V

V V V

and AF modes (1) and (2)

2

∗

2-line addition mode and center scan mode (2)

3

∗

VL setting is the VVL voltage of the vertical clock waveform, or the same voltage as the VL power supply for the V driver should be used.

4

∗

Substrate voltage (VSUB2) setting value indication The substrate voltage (VSUB) for modes without line addition is generated internally. The substrate voltage setting value for use with vertical 2-line addition is indicated by a code on the bottom surface of the image sensor. Adjust the substrate voltage to the indicated voltage.

VSUB2 code – 1-digit indication

↑

VSUB2 code

RemarksTyp. Max.

4

∗

The code and the actual value correspond as follows.

VSUB2 code

Actual value

VSUB2 code

Actual value

1

8.829.039.249.469.679.8810.0910.2A10.4C10.6d10.8E11.0f11.2G11.4h11.6

J

11.8K12.0L12.2m12.4N12.6P12.8R13.0S13.2U13.4V13.6W13.8X14.0Y14.2Z14.4

[Example] "h" indicates a VSUB2 setting of 11.6V.

5

∗

Do not apply a DC bias to the reset gate clock pin, because a DC bias is generated within the CCD.

DC characteristics

Item

Supply current

Symbol

IDD

Min. Unit RemarksTyp. Max.

10.0

mA13.07.0

– 4 –

Clock V olta ge Conditions

ICX274AQ

Item

Readout clock voltage

Vertical transfer clock voltage

Horizontal transfer clock voltage

Symbol

V

VT

VVH1, VVH2 VVH3, VVH4 VVL1, VVL2,

VVL3, VVL4 VφV VVH3 – VVH VVH4 – VVH VVHH VVHL VVLH VVLL VφH VHL VCR

Min.

14.55

–0.05

–0.2 –8.0

6.8

–0.25 –0.25

4.75

–0.05

0.8

Typ.

15.0 0

0

–7.5

7.5

5.0 0

2.5

Max. Unit

15.45

0.05

0.05 –7.0

8.05

0.1

0.5

5.25

0.05

V V

V V V

V V V V V V V V V

Waveform diagram

1 2

2 2 2

2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3

Remarks

VVH = (VVH1 + VVH2)/2

VVL = (VVL3 + VVL4)/2 VφV = VVHn – VVLn (n = 1 to 4)

High-level coupling High-level coupling Low-level coupling Low-level coupling

Cross-point voltage

Reset gate clock voltage

Substrate clock voltage

VφRG VRGLH – VRGLL VRGL – VRGLm

VφSUB

3.0

21.5

3.3

22.5

5.25

0.4

0.5

23.5

5

4 4

Low-level coupling

4

Low-level coupling

V V V

V

– 5 –

Clock Equivalent Circuit Constants

ICX274AQ

Item Min.

Capacitance between vertical transfer clock and GND

Capacitance between vertical transfer clocks

Symbol CφV1 CφV2A, CφV2B CφV2C CφV3A, CφV3B CφV3C CφV4 CφV12 (A, B) CφV12C CφV13 (A, B) CφV13C CφV14 CφV2 (A, B), 3 (A, B) CφV2 (A, B), 3C CφV2 (A, B), 4 CφV2C, 3 (A, B) CφV2C, 3C

Typ. Max. 3300 1200 2700 1000 1800 6800

120

220

150

270 2700

470

680

680 1000

820

Unit Remarks

pF pF pF pF pF pF pF pF pF pF pF pF pF pF pF pF

Capacitance between horizontal transfer clock and GND

Capacitance between horizontal transfer clocks Capacitance between reset gate clock and GND Capacitance between substrate clock and GND

CφV2C, 4 CφV3 (A, B), 4 CφV3C, 4 CφH1 CφH2 CφHH CφRG CφSUB R1, R4

1800

820 1500

100

47

2

820

30

pF pF pF pF pF pF pF pF

Ω

Vertical transfer clock series resistor

Vertical transfer clock ground resistor Horizontal transfer clock series resistor Horizontal transfer clock ground resistor Reset gate clock and series resistor

R2 (A, B, C), 3 (A, B, C) RGND RφH RφH2 RφRG

62 15

7

20

4.7

Ω Ω Ω

kΩ

Ω

Note 1) Expressions using parentheses such as CφV2 (A,B), 3C indicate items which include all combinations of

the pins within the parentheses. For example, CφV2 (A, B), 3C indicates [CφV2A3C, CφV2B3C].

– 6 –

Vφ

Cφ

4

Cφ

V2α4 (α = A to C)

R

4

Cφ

V4

Cφ

V3α4 (α = A to C)

Cφ

V13α (α = A to C)

V14

Cφ

V1

Vφ

1

R

1

R

Cφ

R

3α (α = A to C)

Cφ

V12α (α = A to C)

GND

Cφ

V2α3α (α = A to C)

V3α (α = A to C)

R

2α (α = A to C)

V2α (α = A to C)

Vφ

2α (α = A to C)

ICX274AQ

Rφ

H

Hφ

Rφ

H

Hφ

Rφ

H2

Hφ

Rφ

H

1A

Rφ

H

1B

Cφ

H1

Cφ

HH

Cφ

Horizontal transfer clock equivalent circuit

Rφ

RGφ

RG

2A

2B

Note 2) Cφ2α2β and Cφ3α3β (α = A to C, β = A to C other than α) are

sufficiently small relative to other capacitance between other vertical clocks in the equivalent circuit, so these are omitted from the equivalent circuit diagram.

Cφ

RG

Reset gate clock equivalent circuitVertical transfer clock equivalent circuit

– 7 –

Drive Clock Waveform Conditions

(1) Readout clock waveform

100%

90%

V

VT

10%

0%

tr tf

twh

(2) Vertical transfer clock waveform

Vφ1 Vφ3A, Vφ3B, Vφ3C

V

VH1

V

VHH

V

VH

V

VHH

φM

ICX274AQ

φM

2

0V

V

VHH

V

VH

V

VHL

V

VHL

V

VL1

V

VLH

V

VLL

V

VL

V

Vφ2A, Vφ2B, Vφ2C Vφ4

V

VHH

V

VHL

V

VH2

V

VHH

V

VH

V

VHL

VL3

V

VHL

V

VH

V

VHL

V

VH3

VL

V

VHL

V

VLH

V

VLL

V

VHH

V

VH4

VHH

V

VHL

V

VL

VVH = (VVH1 + VVH2)/2 VVL = (VVL3 + VVL4)/2 VφV = VVHn – VVLn (n = 1 to 4)

VLL

V

VLH

V

VL2

V

VL4

VLH

V

VLL

V

VL

– 8 –

ICX274AQ

(3) Horizontal transfer clock waveform

tf

VCR

twl

VHL

Hφ

2β

90%

10%

1β

tr

twh

Vφ

H

VφH

2

two

Cross-point voltage for the Hφ1β rising side of the horizontal transfer clocks Hφ1β and Hφ2β waveforms is VCR. The overlap period for twh and twl of horizontal transfer clocks Hφ1β and Hφ2β is two. (β = A, B)

(4) Reset gate clock waveform

RG waveform

V

RGLH

V

RGLL

V

RGLm

tr twh

Vφ

RG

tf

V

RGH

twl

Point A

V

RGL

VRGLH is the maximum value and VRGLL is the minimum value of the coupling waveform during the period from Point A in the above diagram until the rising edge of RG. In addition, VRGL is the average value of VRGLH and VRGLL.

VRGL = (VRGLH + VRGLL)/2

Assuming VRGH is the minimum value during the interval twh, then:

VφRG = VRGH – VRGL

Negative overshoot level during the falling edge of RG is VRGLm.

(5) Substrate clock waveform

100%

90%

10%

V

(Internally generated bias)

SUB

0%

Vφ

SUB

tr tftwh

– 9 –

φM

2

Clock Switching Characteristics (Horizontal drive frequency: 28.6364MHz)

ICX274AQ

Item

Readout clock

Vertical transfer clock

Horizontal transfer clock

Reset gate clock

Substrate clock

Horizontal transfer clock

Symbol

VT Vφ1, Vφ4,

Vφ2α, Vφ3α (α = A to C)

Hφ1β (β = A, B) Hφ2β (β = A, B)

φRG

φSUB

Symbol

Hφ1A, Hφ1B, Hφ2A, Hφ2B

twh

Min.

Typ. Max.Min. Typ.Max.Min. Typ.Max. Min. Typ.Max.

3.3

3.5

twl tr tf

0.5

15

10 10

4

12.5

12.5 7

2.1

101012.5

12.5 24

5

7.5

5

7.5

2

0.5

two

UnitnsRemarksItem

Min.

Typ. Max.

810

0.5

5 5

3

400

7.5

0.5

Unit

During

µs

readout

∗

ns

∗

ns

During drain

µs

charge

Remarks

1

2

Clock Switching Characteristics (Horizontal drive frequency: 36MHz)

Item

Readout clock

Vertical transfer clock

Horizontal transfer clock

Reset gate clock

Substrate clock

Symbol

VT Vφ1, Vφ4,

Vφ2α, Vφ3α (α = A to C)

Hφ1β (β = A, B) Hφ2β (β = A, B)

φRG

φSUB

twh

Min.

Typ. Max.Min. Typ.Max.Min. Typ.Max. Min. Typ.Max.

4.0

4.2

8

9

8

9

4

5.5

1.67

twl tr tf

0.5

889

9 8

5 5

2

two

UnitnsRemarksItem

Horizontal transfer clock

Symbol

Hφ1A, Hφ1B, Hφ2A, Hφ2B

Min.

Typ. Max.

89

6 6

0.25

15

0.5

5 5

3

400

6 6

0.25

Unit

During

µs

readout

∗

ns

∗

ns

During drain

µs

charge

Remarks

1

2

1

∗

When two vertical transfer clock drivers CXD3400N are used.

2

∗

tf ≥ tr – 2ns, and the cross-point voltage (VCR) for the Hφ1β (β = A, B) rising side of the Hφ1β and H φ2β waveforms must be VφH/2 [V] or more.

– 10 –

Spectral Sensitivity Characteristics (excludes lens characteristics and light source characteristics)

1.0

BG R

0.8

0.6

0.4

Relative Response

0.2

ICX274AQ

0

400 450 500 550

Wave Length [nm]

600 650 700

– 11 –

ICX274AQ

Image Sensor Characteristics (Ta = 25°C)

Item

G Sensitivity Sensitivity

comparison

R B

Saturation signal

Smear

Video signal shading

Uniformity between video signal channels

Dark signal Dark signal shading Line crawl G Line crawl R Line crawl B Lag

Symbol

Sg Rr Rb Vsat Vsat2

Sm

SH

∆Srg ∆Sbg

Vdt ∆Vdt Lcg Lcr Lcb Lag

Min.

335

0.35

0.45

Typ. 420

0.5

0.6

Max.

545

0.65

0.75

400

1

∗

400

–100

–94 –88

–92 –86 –80

20 25

8

Measurement

Unit

method

mV

dB

%

Remarks

1

1/30s accumulation 1 1

2

Ta = 60°C

2-line addition

Progressive scan mode

No line addition

3

2/4-line readout mode

2/8-line readout mode

∗

3

∗

4

∗

5

∗

6

∗

Zone 0 and I 4

Zone 0 to II’

5

8 8 2

3.8

0.5

mV mV

% % % %

6 7 8 8 8 9

Ta = 60°C, 14.985 frame/s

Ta = 60°C, 14.985 frame/s,

7

∗

1

∗

Vsat2 is the saturation signal level in 2-line addition mode, and is 200mV per pixel.

2

∗

Progressive scan mode, 2/8-line readout mode, 2/4-line readout mode, and center scan modes (1) and (3).

3

∗

2-line addition mode and center scan mode (2).

4

∗

Same for 2-line addition mode and center scan modes (2) and (3).

5

∗

Same for center scan mode (1).

6

∗

Same for AF modes (1) and (2).

7

∗

Excludes vertical dark signal shading caused by vertical register high-speed transfer.

– 12 –

Zone Definition of Video Signal Shading

1628 (H)

4

V

H

8

10

ICX274AQ

4

8

H 8

1236 (V)

10

Zone 0, I

Zone II, II’

V

Ignored region

Effective pixel region

8

Measurement System

CCD signal output [∗A]

CCD C.D.S

AMP

S/H

Gr/Gb channel signal output [∗B]

R/B channel signal output [∗C]

Note) Adjust the amplifier gain so that the gain between [∗A] and [∗B], and between [∗A] and [∗C] equals 1.

Image Sensor Characteristics Measurement Method

Color coding of this image sensor & Readout

Gb B Gb B

The primary color filters of this image sensor are arranged in the layout shown in the figure on the left (Bayer arrangement).

RGrRGr

Gb B Gb B

Gr and Gb denote the G signals on the same line as the R signal and the B signal, respectively.

RGrRGr

Horizontal register

Color Coding Diagram

– 13 –

ICX274AQ

Readout modes

The diagrams below and on the following pages show the output methods for the following nine readout modes.

2/4-line readout modeProgressive scan mode 2/8-line readout mode

16 (V2C/V3C) 15 (V2C/V3C) 14 (V2A/V3A) 13 (V2B/V3B) 12 (V2C/V3C) 11 (V2C/V3C) 10 (V2B/V3B)

9 (V2A/V3A) 8 (V2C/V3C) 7 (V2C/V3C) 6 (V2A/V3A) 5 (V2B/V3B) 4 (V2C/V3C) 3 (V2C/V3C) 2 (V2B/V3B) 1 (V2A/V3A)

OUT

V

G R G R G R G R G R G R G R G R

B G B G B G B G B G B G B G B G

16 (V2C/V3C) 15 (V2C/V3C) 14 (V2A/V3A) 13 (V2B/V3B) 12 (V2C/V3C) 11 (V2C/V3C) 10 (V2B/V3B)

9 (V2A/V3A) 8 (V2C/V3C) 7 (V2C/V3C) 6 (V2A/V3A) 5 (V2B/V3B) 4 (V2C/V3C) 3 (V2C/V3C) 2 (V2B/V3B) 1 (V2A/V3A)

OUT

V

G R

G

R G R G

R

G R

G

R G R G

R

B G

B

G B G B

G

B G

B

G B G B

G

16 (V2C/V3C) 15 (V2C/V3C) 14 (V2A/V3A) 13 (V2B/V3B) 12 (V2C/V3C) 11 (V2C/V3C) 10 (V2B/V3B)

9 (V2A/V3A) 8 (V2C/V3C) 7 (V2C/V3C) 6 (V2A/V3A) 5 (V2B/V3B) 4 (V2C/V3C) 3 (V2C/V3C) 2 (V2B/V3B) 1 (V2A/V3A)

OUT

V

Note) Blacked out portions in the diagram indicate pixels which are not read out.

Output starts from line 1 in 2/8-line decimation mode.

G

R

G

R

G

R

G

R

G

R

G

R

G

R

G

R

B

G

B G

1. Progressive scan mode In this mode, all pixel signals are output in non-interlace format in 1/14.985s. All pixel signals within the same exposure period are read out simultaneously, making this mode suitable for high resolution image capturing.

2. 2/8-line readout mode All effective area signals are output in approximately 1/30s by reading out the signals for only two out of eight lines (1st and 6th lines, 9th and 14th lines). This readout mode emphasizes processing speed over vertical resolution, making it suitable for AE/AF and other control and for checking images on LCD viewfinders.

3. 2/4-line readout mode All effective area signals are output in approximately 1/20s by reading out the signals for only two out of four lines (3rd and 4th lines, 7th and 8th lines, and so on).

– 14 –

ICX274AQ

Center scan mode (2)2-line addition mode Center scan mode (1)

16 (V2C/V3C) 15 (V2C/V3C) 14 (V2A/V3A) 13 (V2B/V3B) 12 (V2C/V3C) 11 (V2C/V3C) 10 (V2B/V3B)

9 (V2A/V3A) 8 (V2C/V3C) 7 (V2C/V3C) 6 (V2A/V3A) 5 (V2B/V3B) 4 (V2C/V3C) 3 (V2C/V3C) 2 (V2B/V3B) 1 (V2A/V3A)

OUT

V

G

R

G

R

G

R

G

R

G

R

G

R

G

R

G

R

B

G

B

G

B

G

B

G

B

G

B

G

B

G

B

G

16 (V2C/V3C) 15 (V2C/V3C) 14 (V2A/V3A) 13 (V2B/V3B) 12 (V2C/V3C) 11 (V2C/V3C) 10 (V2B/V3B)

9 (V2A/V3A) 8 (V2C/V3C) 7 (V2C/V3C) 6 (V2A/V3A) 5 (V2B/V3B) 4 (V2C/V3C) 3 (V2C/V3C) 2 (V2B/V3B) 1 (V2A/V3A)

OUT

V

G R

B

G

B G

B

G

B G

B

G

B G

B

G

B G

16 (V2C/V3C) 15 (V2C/V3C) 14 (V2A/V3A) 13 (V2B/V3B) 12 (V2C/V3C) 11 (V2C/V3C) 10 (V2B/V3B)

9 (V2A/V3A) 8 (V2C/V3C) 7 (V2C/V3C) 6 (V2A/V3A) 5 (V2B/V3B) 4 (V2C/V3C) 3 (V2C/V3C) 2 (V2B/V3B) 1 (V2A/V3A)

V

OUT

Note) Blacked out portions in the diagram indicate pixels which are not read out.

After reading out the pixels indicated by and transferring two lines, the pixels indicated by are read out and two pixels of the same color are added by the vertical transfer block.

G R G R G R G R G R G R G R G R

B G B G B G B G B G B G B G B G

4. 2-line addition mode In this mode, the signals for only two out of four lines (3rd and 4th lines, 7th and 8th lines, and so on) are read out, the vertical register is shifted by 2 bits, and then the signals of the remaining two out of the four lines (1st and 2nd lines, 5th and 6th lines, and so on) are read out and added within the vertical register. All effective area signals are output in approximately 1/20s.

5. Center scan mode (1) In this mode, the signals for only two out of four lines (3rd and 4th lines, 7th and 8th lines, and so on) are read out. The undesired por tions are swept by vertical register high-speed transfer, and the vertical 1136-pixel region in the center of the picture is output by the above readout method. The number of output lines is 568 lines at 36MHz, and 434 lines at 28.6364MHz. The frame rate is increased (approximately 30 frames/s) by setting the number of output lines to that of VGA mode, making this mode suitable for VGA moving pictures. (However, the angle of view decreases.)

6. Center scan mode (2) In this mode, the signals for only two out of four lines (3rd and 4th lines, 7th and 8th lines, and so on) are read out, the vertical register is shifted by 2 bits, and then the signals of the remaining two out of the four lines (1st and 2nd lines, 5th and 6th lines, and so on) are read out and added within the vertical register. The undesired portions are swept by vertical register high-speed transfer, and the vertical 1136-pixel region in the center of the picture is output by the above readout method. The number of output lines is 568 lines at 36MHz, and 434 lines at 28.6364MHz. The frame rate is increased (approximately 30 frames/s) by setting the number of output lines to that of VGA mode, making this mode suitable for VGA moving pictures. (However, the angle of view decreases.)

– 15 –

ICX274AQ

AF mode (2)Center scan mode (3) AF mode (1)

16 (V2C/V3C) 15 (V2C/V3C) 14 (V2A/V3A) 13 (V2B/V3B) 12 (V2C/V3C) 11 (V2C/V3C) 10 (V2B/V3B)

9 (V2A/V3A) 8 (V2C/V3C) 7 (V2C/V3C) 6 (V2A/V3A) 5 (V2B/V3B) 4 (V2C/V3C) 3 (V2C/V3C) 2 (V2B/V3B) 1 (V2A/V3A)

V

OUT

G R G R G R G R G R G R G R G R

B G B G B G B G B G B G B G B G

16 (V2C/V3C) 15 (V2C/V3C) 14 (V2A/V3A) 13 (V2B/V3B) 12 (V2C/V3C) 11 (V2C/V3C) 10 (V2B/V3B)

9 (V2A/V3A) 8 (V2C/V3C) 7 (V2C/V3C) 6 (V2A/V3A) 5 (V2B/V3B) 4 (V2C/V3C) 3 (V2C/V3C) 2 (V2B/V3B) 1 (V2A/V3A)

V

OUT

G R

G

R G R G

R

G R

G

R G R G

R

B

G

B

G

B

G

B

G

B

G

B

G

B

G

B

G

16 (V2C/V3C) 15 (V2C/V3C) 14 (V2A/V3A) 13 (V2B/V3B) 12 (V2C/V3C) 11 (V2C/V3C) 10 (V2B/V3B)

9 (V2A/V3A) 8 (V2C/V3C) 7 (V2C/V3C) 6 (V2A/V3A) 5 (V2B/V3B) 4 (V2C/V3C) 3 (V2C/V3C) 2 (V2B/V3B) 1 (V2A/V3A)

V

OUT

Note) Blacked out portions in the diagram indicate pixels which are not read out.

G R

G

R G R G

R

G R

G

R G R G

R

B

G

B

G

B

G

B

G

B

G

B

G

B

G

B

G

7. Center scan mode (3) This is the center scan mode using the progressive scan method. The undesired portions are swept by vertical register high-speed transfer, and the picture center is cut out. The number of output lines is 580 lines at 36MHz, and 444 lines at 28.6364MHz.

8. AF mode (1) In this mode, the undesired portions are swept by vertical register high-speed transfer, and the vertical 940-pixel region in the center of the picture is output in approximately 1/60s by reading out the signals for only two out of eight lines (1st and 6th lines, 9th and 14th lines). The number of output lines is 235 lines at 36MHz, and 170 lines at 28.6364MHz. This mode aims for even faster AF control than 2/8-line readout mode.

9. AF mode (2) In this mode, the undesired portions are swept by vertical register high-speed transfer, and the vertical 300-pixel region in the center of the picture is output in approximately 1/120s by reading out the signals for only two out of eight lines (1st and 6th lines, 9th and 14th lines). The number of output lines is 75 lines at 36MHz, and 43 lines at 28.6364MHz. This mode aims for even faster AF control than 2/8-line readout mode.

– 16 –

ICX274AQ

Center scan and AF modes

Undesired portions (Swept by vertical register high-speed transfer)

Picture center cut-out portion

Description of Center Scan and AF Mode Operation

The center scan and AF modes realize high frame rates by sweeping the top and bottom of the picture with high-speed transfer and cutting out the center of the picture. The various readout modes during center scan and AF operation are described below.

• AF modes

AF mode (1), (2): The output method is the same as readout in 2/8-line readout mode.

• Center scan modes

Center scan mode (1): The output method is the same as 2/4-line readout mode. Center scan mode (2): The output method consists of 2-line addition readout whereby the signals for only

two out of four lines (3rd and 4th lines, 7th and 8th lines, and so on) are read out, the vertical register is shifted by 2 bits, and then the signals of the remaining two out of the four lines (1st and 2nd lines, 5th and 6th lines, and so on) are read out and added within the vertical register.

Center scan mode (3): The output method is the same as progressive scan mode.

The readout method, frame rate, number of output lines and other information for each readout mode are shown in the table below.

Number of output

Mode

Readout method

Addition method

Frame rate (frame/s)

effective pixel data lines

28.6MHz 36MHz 28.6MHz 36MHz Progressive scan mode 2/8-line readout mode 2/4-line readout mode

Progressive scan 2/8-line readout 2/4-line readout

None None None

9.99

29.97

19.98

14.985

29.97

19.98

1220

305 610

1220

305

610 2-line addition mode Center scan mode (1) Center scan mode (2) Center scan mode (3) AF mode (1) AF mode (2)

2/4-line readout 2/4-line readout 2-line addition readout Progressive scan 2/8-line readout 2/8-line readout

Vertical 2-line

None

Vertical 2-line

None None None

– 17 –

19.98

29.97

59.94

119.88

19.98

29.97

59.94

119.88

1220

434 434 444 170

43

1220

568

580

235

75

ICX274AQ

Measurement conditions

(1) In the following measurements, the device drive conditions are at the typical values of the bias and clock

voltage conditions, and the progressive scan readout mode is used.

(2) In the following measurements, spot blemishes are excluded and, unless otherwise specified, the optical

black level (OB) is used as the reference for the signal output, which is taken as the value of the Gr/Gb signal output or the R/B signal output of the measurement system.

Definition of standard imaging conditions

(1) Standard imaging condition I:

Use a pattern box (luminance: 706cd/m2, color temperature of 3200K halogen source) as a subject. (Pattern for evaluation is not applicable.) Use a testing standard lens with CM500S (t = 1.0mm) as an IR cut filter and image at F5.6. The luminous intensity to the sensor receiving surface at this point is defined as the standard sensitivity testing luminous intensity.

(2) Standard imaging condition II:

Image a light source (color temperature of 3200K) with a uniformity of brightness within 2% at all angles. Use a testing standard lens with CM500S (t = 1.0mm) as an IR cut filter. The luminous intensity is adjusted to the value indicated in each testing item by the lens diaphragm.

1. Sensitivity Set to the standard imaging condition I. After setting the electronic shutter mode with a shutter speed of 1/100s, measure the signal voltages (VGr, VGb) at the center of each Gr and Gb channel screen, and substitute the values into the following formulas.

VG = (VGr + VGb)/2 Sg = VG × [mV]

100

30

2. Saturation signal Set to the standard imaging condition II. After adjusting the luminous intensity to 20 times the intensity with the average value of the G channel signal output, 150mV, measure the minimum values of the G, R and B signal outputs.

3. Smear Set to standard imaging condition II. With the lens diaphragm at F5.6 to F8, first adjust the average value of the Gr signal output to 150mV. Measure the average values of the Gr signal output, Gb signal output, R signal output and B signal output (Gra, Gba, Ra, Ba), and then adjust the luminous intensity to 500 times the intensity with the average value of the Gr signal output, 150mV. After the readout clock is stopped and the charge drain is executed by the electronic shutter at the respective H b lankings, measure the maximum value (Vsm [mV]) independent of the Gr, Gb, R and B signal outputs, and substitute the values into the following f ormula. Smear in modes other than progressive scan mode is calculated from the storage time and signal addition method. As a result, 2-line addition mode and center scan modes (2) and (3) are the same as progressive scan mode, 2/4-line readout mode and center scan mode (1) are two times progressive scan mode, and 2/8-line readout mode and AF modes (1) and (2) are four times progressive scan mode.

Sm = 20 × log (Vsm ÷ × × ) [dB] (1/10V method conversion value)

Gra + Gba + Ra + Ba

4

1

500

1

10

– 18 –

4. Video signal shading Set to the standard imaging condition II. With the lens diaphragm at F5.6 to F8, adjusting the luminous intensity so that the average value of the G channel signal output is 150mV. Then measure the maximum value (Gmax [mV]) and minimum value (Gmin [mV]) of the G signal output and substitute the values into the following formula.

SH = (Gmax – Gmin)/150 × 100 [%]

5. Uniformity between video signal channels After measuring 4, measure the maximum (Rmax [mV]) and minimum (Rmin [mV]) values of the R signal and the maximum (Bmax [mV]) and minimum (Bmin [mV]) values of the B signal, and substitute the values into the following formulas.

∆Srg = (Rmax – Rmin)/150 × 100 [%] ∆Sbg = (Bmax – Bmin)/150 × 100 [%]

6. Dark signal Measure the average value of the signal output (Vdt [mV]) with the device ambient temperature of 60°C and the device in the light-obstructed state, using the horizontal idle transfer level as a reference.

ICX274AQ

7. Dark signal shading After measuring 6, measure the maximum (Vdmax [mV]) and minimum (Vdmin [mV]) values of the dark signal output and substitute the values into the following formula.

∆Vdt = Vdmax – Vdmin [mV]

8. Line crawl Set to the standard imaging condition II. Adjusting the luminous intensity so that the value of the Gr signal output is 150mV, and then inser t R, G and B filters and measure the difference between G signal lines (∆Glr, ∆Glg, ∆Glb [mV]) as well as the value of the G signal output (Gar, Gag, Gab). Substitute the values into the following formula.

∆Gli

Lci = × 100 [%] (i = r, g, b)

Gai

9. Lag Adjust the Y signal output generated by the strobe light to 150mV. After setting the strobe light so that it strobes with the following timing, measure the residual signal amount (Vlag). Substitute the value into the following f ormula.

Lag = (Vlag/150) × 100 [%]

VD

Strobe light timing

Output

Light

Y signal output 150mV

– 19 –

Vlag (lag)

ICX274AQ

100k

0.1

–7.5V

CCD

OUT

2SC4250

1

4

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

4.7k

2C 2B 2A 3C 3B 3A

OUT

Vφ

Vφ Vφ Vφ Vφ Vφ Vφ

Vφ

V GND

3.3/20V

ICX274

(BOTTOM VIEW)

VSUB

0.01 2-line addition mode

Center scan mode (2)

Modes other than the above

(Internally generated value)

GND

SUB2VSUB

V

DCIN

1M

V

DD

φRG Hφ

2B

Hφ

1B

GND φSUB C

SUB

V

L

Hφ

1A

Hφ

2A

20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11

2200p

0.1

3.3/16V

15V

20

1

0.1

3.3V

19

2

18

3

XV3

17

4

0.1

15

16

CXD3400N

6

5

XV2

XSG3C

0.1

14

7

12

13

9

8

XSG2C

11

10

0.1

20

1

1/35V

19

2

XSUB

18

3

XV3

16

17

5

4

XSG3B

XSG3A

0.1

14

15

CXD3400N

7

6

XV2

XSG2B

12

13

9

8

XV4

XSG2A

11

10

XV1

Hφ1AHφ2AHφ1BHφ

0.1

Substrate bias adjustment input voltage

(VSUB in the circuit diagram above)

2B

Substrate bias

φSUB pin voltage

φRG

Drive Circuit

– 20 –

Switch the substrate bias adjustment input voltage to

DCIN before adjusting the substrate bias in 2-line

addition mode and center scan mode (2).

Note) Substrate bias control

ICX274AQ

10 9 8 7 6 5 4

14 13 12 11

10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

1493 1492

3 2 1

10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

28.6MHz

1252 1251 1250 1249

14 13 12 11

10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

1493

"a" "a"

1492

1236 1235

10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

36MHz

28.6MHz

Drive Timing Chart (Vertical Sync) Progressive Scan Mode

VD

HD

1252 1251 1250 1249

V1

V2

– 21 –

V3

V4

1236

1236 1235

CCD

OUT

36MHz

Note) The 1252H horizontal period at 36MHz is 480clk; the 1493H horizontal period at 28MHz is 1860clk.

296

ICX274AQ

132

96

90

541

154

54 1

114

1

78

136

91

60

1

135

Drive Timing Char t (Horizontal Sync) Progressive Scan Mode

1

1920

CLK

1521 112128204

14

H1A/H1B

H2A/H2B

RG

SHP

SHD

18 1

1

– 22 –

V1

1

V2A/V2B/V2C

1 90

1

V3A/V3B/V3C

V4

1

SUB