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Eddy Serial
User Guide
Ver 2.5.1.1
2010. 09.15
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Revision History
Revision Date Document Version Pages Description
Feb-5-2009 2.1.0.1 All Initial release by shlee
Sep-10-2009 2.1.0.2 4,5,6 Added WiFi
Nov-11-2009 2.1.0.3 2,3,5 Append Eddy-S4M
Jun-06-2010 2.1.1.1 All
Sep-15-2010 2.5.1.1 2,5 Append Eddy-CPU v2.5
Open Linux Version
Added Eddy-BT
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Table of Contents
Chapter 1. Introduction.................................................................................................................. 5
1.1 About this manual ............................................................................................................................. 5
1.2 Who should read this manual ........................................................................................................... 5
1.3 Contents ............................................................................................................................................ 5
1.4 Eddy Documents ............................................................................................................................... 6
1.5 Technical Support ............................................................................................................................. 7
Chapter 2. Getting Started ............................................................................................................ 8
2.1 Overview ............................................................................................................................................ 8
2.2 Eddy-CPU v2.1 /v2.5......................................................................................................................... 8
2.3 Eddy-DK v2.1 (Development Kit) ...................................................................................................... 9
2.4 Eddy-S4M v2.1................................................................................................................................ 11
2.5 Eddy-S4M-DK v2.1 (Development Kit)............................................................................................ 13
2.6 Eddy-S4M-JiG v2.1 (Testing Board) ............................................................................................... 14
2.7 Eddy-WiFi v 2.1 ............................................................................................................................... 15
2.8 Eddy-BT v2.1................................................................................................................................... 16
2.9 Eddy Software Architecture ............................................................................................................ 17
2.10 Main Features.................................................................................................................................. 17
2.11 Applications ..................................................................................................................................... 18
Chapter 3. Hardware Description ................................................................................................ 19
3.1 Eddy-CPU v2.1/v2.5........................................................................................................................ 19
3.2 Eddy-DK v2.1 .................................................................................................................................. 20
3.3 Eddy-S4M v2.1................................................................................................................................ 23
3.4 Eddy-S4M-DK v2.1 ......................................................................................................................... 24
3.5 Eddy-S4M-JIG v2.1......................................................................................................................... 25
3.6 Eddy WiFi v2.1................................................................................................................................. 25
3.7 Eddy BT v2.1 ................................................................................................................................... 27
Chapter 4. Integration.................................................................................................................. 29
4.1 Connection Guide............................................................................................................................ 29
4.2 First-time Bootup............................................................................................................................. 29
4.3 Connecting to Eddy with IP address .............................................................................................. 29
4.4 Using MCI slot & USB Host Port .................................................................................................... 32
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Chapter 5. Configuration via Web ............................................................................................... 35
5.1 Connection ...................................................................................................................................... 35
5.2 Setup Menu ..................................................................................................................................... 36
5.3 Network Settings ............................................................................................................................. 38
5.4 Serial Settings.................................................................................................................................. 40
5.5
Wireless Settings ............................................................................................................................. 43
5.6 Peripheral Settings .......................................................................................................................... 47
5.7 DIO Settings .................................................................................................................................... 49
5.8 SNMP Settings ................................................................................................................................ 50
5.9 Change Password ........................................................................................................................... 52
5.10 Update Firmware............................................................................................................................. 52
5.11 Factory Default ................................................................................................................................ 53
5.12 Save & Reboot................................................................................................................................. 54
Chapter 6. Configuration via Telnet............................................................................................. 55
6.1 Connection ...................................................................................................................................... 55
6.2 View commands .............................................................................................................................. 55
6.3 Network commands ........................................................................................................................ 56
6.4 WiFi commands............................................................................................................................... 58
6.5 Serial Commands ............................................................................................................................ 60
6.6 Username/Password Commands ................................................................................................... 61
6.7 System Commands ......................................................................................................................... 61
Chapter 7. apendix...................................................................................................................... 62
7.1 Eddy-BT Operation.......................................................................................................................... 62
7.1.1 How to use Eddy-BT .................................................................................................................................. 62
7.1.2 Operation Mode.......................................................................................................................................... 63
7.1.3 Configuration .............................................................................................................................................. 65
7.1.4 AT Command.............................................................................................................................................. 67
7.1.5 : S-Register................................................................................................................................................. 79
7.2 Firmware Updates via FTP.............................................................................................................. 85
7.3 Ordering Information ....................................................................................................................... 87
7.4 FCC Statement................................................................................................................................ 88
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Eddy User's Guide
Chapter 1. Introduction
Eddy, SystemBase Embedded Device Server Module, is an optimized minimal CPU module for developing an
industrial embedded device. This manual introduces general factions for the Eddy.
1.1 About this manual
This manual guides that users are able to develop Eddy for a device server including the function that transfers from
serial data to LAN. Setting Eddy’s configurations, status monitoring, firmware update, and other administration work
are also included, H/W level integration and S/W setting information can also be found.
1.2 Who should read this manual
This guide is designed for Eddy users and administrators. It is strongly recommended that anyone trying to apply,
use, and maintain Eddy read this document. It will be a great starting point for any administrator who wants to easily
monitor and control Eddy and its connected devices.
1.3 Contents
Chapter 1. Introduction is a preface with general information and introductory notices.
Chapter 2. Getting Started gives a brief introduction to Eddy series, including features and applications.
Chapter 3. Hardware Descriptions explains the layout and pin specifications with block diagram and drawings.
Chapter 4. Integration assists you connecting Eddy to serial and network environment. It covers first time boot-up
and status check procedures.
Chapter 5. Configuration via Web provides ways to configure and to connect Eddy via web browser.
Chapter 6. Configuration via Telnet provides commands and its explanation to configure and to connect Eddy via
web Telnet.
Chapter 7. Appendix provides firmware update guides and detailed technical specifications.
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1.4 Eddy Documents
The following table summarizes documents included in the Eddy document set.
Document Description
Eddy Serial User Guide Eddy’s Configuration, and Management Information
Eddy DK Guide
Programmer’s application development guide, including in-depth
approach to compiling, linking, creating and uploading firmware
API reference is included with a list of available functions
for customized application programming
LemonIDE User Guide
Portview User Manual Guide for SystemBase device server management application Portview
COM Port Redirector
User Manual
TestView
User Manual
General information on Eddy or embedded device servers can be obtained at our website at
http://www.sysbas.com/. Latest documents, software and firmware downloads are available.
Other relevant documents are as follows:
Document Description
Eddy-CPU Spec Sheet Eddy-CPU spec description
Eddy-S4M Spec Sheet Eddy-S4M spec description
Eddy-WiFi Spec Sheet Eddy-WiFi spec description
User manual about Eddy integrated development environment of
Window/Linux based on Eclipse
Guide for SystemBase COM Port Redirector
Guide for SystemBase test program TestView
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Eddy-BT Spec Sheet Eddy-BT spec description
LemonIDE Spec Sheet integrated development environment description
An introductory reading for anyone new to embedded device server,
Eddy White Paper
All documents are updated promptly, so check for the recent document updates. The contents in these documents
are subject to change without a prior notice.
which focuses on background, history, market environment, and
technology
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Eddy User's Guide
1.5 Technical Support
You can reach our tech support by following 3 ways;
1. Visit the Eddy official community site at
menu. FAQ and questions can be reviewed and submitted.
2. E-mail our technical support team to
welcomed.
3. Call us at our customer center at 82-2-855-0501 for immediate support.
Our technical support team will kindly help you get over with the problem.
http://www.embeddedmodule.com and go to ‘Technical Support’
tech@sysbas.com. Any kind of inquiries, requests, and comments are
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Chapter 2. Getting Started
Welcome to Eddy! This chapter includes Eddy series overview, main and distinctive features, package contents for
each product, and application fields.
2.1 Overview
There are two categories in Eddy; Eddy-CPU module, Eddy Development Kit (DK).
Eddy-CPU modules include category of socket type Eddy-CPU and Mini PCI type Eddy-S4M.
Eddy-DK includes DK board for Eddy-CPU exclusive, JIG and DK board for Eddy-S4M exclusive.
The Eddy-CPU module includes default applications for serial and LAN communication, and supports plug-and-play
features. By switching to the custom mode, users can program any application and upload it on to the module. This
application then is executed on the module. In order to write and compile programmer’s source code, Software
Development Kit (SDK) LemonIDE
SDK is included in the DK package. Please refer to Programming Guide and LemonIDE
the Development Kit for detailed information on the SDK.
SDK is not necessary for users using Eddy in default presettings.
TM
is required.
TM
user’s manual included in
2.2 Eddy-CPU v2.1 /v2.5
Eddy-CPU is an embedded module based on ARM9 processor with 32MB SDRAM, 4MB or 8MB Flash Memory, 1
Ethernet port with 10/100Mbps, 16 bit address / 8 bit data bus interface supporting external device connection, and
maximum 17 programmable IO pins. Programmers can easily implement any device drivers with referring to library
type example codes and evaluation kit circuit diagrams.
User can design their own customized device using example sources and Evaluation Kit circuit.
Eddy-CPU is implemented on a small form factor (42 * 25mm) with on-board memory and integrated 10/100Mbps
network interface. Developers can minimize time and cost spent on developing application products.
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Hardware
Eddy User's Guide
Type
Feature
Eddy-CPU v 2.1 Eddy-CPU v 2.5
CPU AT91SAM9260B-CJ (210 MHz) AT91SAM9G20 (400MHz)
Memory 8MB Data Flash, 32 MB SDRAM
External I/F 19 Bit / 16 Bit Data Bus
Ethernet I/F 10/100 Base-T Auto MDI/MDIX
UARTs
USB 2.0 FS 2 Host /1 Device Port, 2.0 FS (12Mbps)
ADC 4-Channel 10 Bit ADC
TWI(I2C) Master, Multi-Master and Slave Mode
SPI
GPIO Max. 56 Programmable I/O Pins
Power Input 3.3 V (200 mA Max)
(1 : Full Signal, 2,3,4, : RxD, TxD, RTS, CTS only)
4 Port, Support up to 921.6 Kbps
8- to 16-bit Programmable Data Length
Four External Peripheral Chip Selects
Network
Software
Environmental
Approvals
Dimensions 25 x 48.5 x 6.2 mm
Weight 8.3 g
Protocol TCP, UDP, Telnet, ICMP, DHCP, TFTP, HTTP, SNMP 1&2, SSH, SSL
Ethernet 10/100Mbps MAC / PHY
Network
Connection
O/S Linux Kernel 2.6.21
Mgt Tools SNMP, Web, PortView
Uploads TFTP, FTP, Web
Dev Tools LemonIDE & SDK
Operating Temp -40 ~ 85 ℃
Storage Temp -60 ~ 150 ℃
Humidity 5 ~ 95% Non-Condensing
CE Class A,
FCC Class A,
RoHS
compliant
Static IP, DHCP
2.3 Eddy-DK v2.1 (Development Kit)
Eddy Development Kit (Eddy DK) helps programmers to test and customize their own Eddy applications easily. The
kit includes evaluation board, all necessary connectors, and programming environment with documentations and
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guidelines. Please refer to Eddy DK Manual included in the Development Kit for detailed information on the DK.
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Feature Type
NAND Flash 256MB, 8bit I/F
SD Card
Connector
USB Connector
LCD Module 128 x 64 Dots Matrix Structure
KEY 4 x 4 Matrix
Battery Holder 3V Lithium Battery, 235 mAh
LED Power, Ready, 20 Programmable IO, Console & Serial TxD, RxD
I2C Interface 16bit I2C BUS GPIO
SPI Interface 2Kbit EEPROM
MCI Interface SD Card, MMC Socket
ADC Interface Temp / Light Sensor
Digital I/O 8 Port Input, 8 Port Output
Switch
Jumper Switch Boot Mode Select, JTAG Select
Serial Port
Console Port DB9 Male
LAN Port 2 x RJ45
ICE Port Used for Flash Programming
Reset Button Factory Default & Warm Boot
Input Power 9-48VDC
Dimensions 240 x 180 mm
Push Type, Up to 16 GB
MMC / SD Card / MC supported
1 x Device
2 x HOST, Dual-Port
Serial or GPIO Select
RS422/485 Select
DIO : Common VCC or GND Select
Programming
2 x RS232 DB9 Male
2 x RS422/485 Terminal Block
(RS422 & RS485 Selected by S/W)
2.4 Eddy-S4M v2.1
Eddy-S4M is a high-performance mini PCI type embedded module which include ATMEL AT91SAM9260-CJ
processor 32MB SDRAM, 8MB DataFlash, 10/100Base-T Ethernet port, Serial 4 Channel, RTC with Battery,
microSD, 4ch ADC, temperature sensor, max 34 programmable GPIO pins.
Eddy-S4M is 59.75 x 61.8mm size. If using Eddy-S4M-JIG board, user could develop their customized device
without other H/W development, which minimizing time and cost to develop.
Referring Example code and Evaluation Kit circuit allow developer to design device they want.
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Classification Specification
Hardware
CPU ARM9260B-CJ (210 MHz)
Memory
Ethernet MC/PHY
Serials
USB 2.0 FS
RTC
Battery Holder CR1220(38mAh) 3V Lithium Battery
ADC 4-Channel 10 Bit ADC
TWI(I2C) Master, Multi-Master and Slave Mode
SPI
MCI
GPIO Max. 34 Programmable I/O Pins
AT45DB642D, 8MB Data Flash
IS42S16160B, 32 MB SDRAM
10/100 Base-T MAC
KSZ8041NLi PHYceiver Auto MDI/MDIX
Port 0,1 : RS232 (DB9 male)
Port 0 : Full Signal
Port 1 : TxD, RxD, RTS, CTS only
Port 2,3 : COMBO (Terminal Block 5pin)
* COMBO : RS422/RS485 is S/W selectable
3 Host /1 Device Port, 2.0 FS (12Mbps)
Use to GL850A USB Hub chip
Real Time Clock, RTC DS1340U-33+
Connect to I2C I/F
8 to 16-bit Programmable Data Length
Four External Peripheral Chip Selects
SD Spec V2.0 [SDHC], MMC Spec V4.2 support
USB to SD Controller, 16GB, 12Mbits/s
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Software
Physical
LED Ready LED
Protocol
Network Connection Static IP, DHCP
O/S Linux Kernel 2.6.21
Mgt Tools SNMP, Web, PortView
Uploads TFTP, FTP, Web
Dev Tools LemonIDE & SDK
Power Input 3.3 V (200mA Max)
TCP, UDP, Telnet, ICMP, DHCP, TFTP, HTTP,
SNMP1&2, SSH, SSL
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Classification Specification
characteristics
Environment
CE Class A,
FCC Class A,
RoHS
compliant
Dimensions 59.75 x 61.80 x 4 mm
Weight 15 g
Operating Temp -40 ~ 85°C
Storage Temp -66 ~ 150°C
Humidity 5 ~ 95% Non-Condensing
2.5 Eddy-S4M-DK v2.1 (Development Kit)
Eddy-S4M DK is Development Kit supporting programmer can easily materialize and test their application.
DK includes Test Board, various connectors, programming environment and document. Please refer to Eddy-DK
manual for more specific explanation of Eddy-S4M
Classification Specification
Serial Port
SD Card Connector
MCI Interface SD Card, MMC Socket
2 x RS232 DB9 Male
2 x RS422/485 5pin Terminal Block (S/W Selectable & with Auto toggle)
Push Type, Up to 16 GB
MMC / SD Card / MC supported
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Classification Specification
ADC Interface Light Sensor
USB Connector 1 x Device, 2 x HOST, Dual-Port
LAN Port RJ45 with transformer
Console Port DB9 Male
Power ON/Off switch
Switch
LED RDY, Power, 34 Programmable IO, Console & Serial TxD, RxD LED
JTAG Port Used for downloading code and single-stepping through programs
Reset Button
JIG Connection
Socket
Expansion Header 2x22pin Header, used to test GPIO of Eddy-S4M
Input Power 5 VDC
Dimensions 160 x 120 mm
Serial RS422/485 Termination resistor configuration switch
GPIO input test switch(Off : Low, ON : High)
Factory Default & Warm Boot
(If pushing over 5sec, operate in Factory default)
2 2x23pin socket, which connect JIG board to confirm problems
2.6 Eddy-S4M-JiG v2.1 (Testing Board)
Eddy-S4M JIG board is test board which enable of user to integrate and test their application with Eddy-S4M. JIG
board include mini connector for joining Eddy-S4M, Ethernet RJ45, USB Host, Power, Reset Switch, and providing
connectors to all Eddy-S4M functions.
For more information, please refer to Eddy-DK manual in DK product.
Classification Specification
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USB Connector USB HOST
LAN Port RJ45 with Transformer
Reset Button Factory Default & Warm Boot
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Classification Specification
Expansion Header
Input Power 5 VDC
Dimensions 70 x 105 mm
2.7 Eddy-WiFi v 2.1
Eddy WiFi joined with Eddy-CPU v2.1/v2.5, Eddy-S4M v2.1 enables various serial devices (secure device,
communication device, modem, print data device, industrial measuring instrument) to connect wireless LAN.
Eddy-WiFi module supports IEEE 802.11 b/g wireless specification.
You can set the wireless network parameters. After changing values, you need to click [Submit] button. Then you will
see the same page with modified values. Please note that you have to [Save & Reboot] in order to see these changes
in effect. Changes will be discarded if you do not save current settings.
Used to connect most functions of S4M to externalS4M
Classification Specification
Standard 802.11b, 802.11g
Modulation
Frequency Band
Output Power
RX sensitivity
Security WEP 64/128, WPA, WPA2
Working distance
802.11g: OFDM
802.11b: CCK,DQPSK, DBPSK
802.11b/g:
ISM band 2.4GHz ~ 2.4884GHz
802.11g: 14 dBm
802.11b: 17 dBm
802.11a/g: -68m @54Mbps 8% PER
802.11b: -85dBm @11Mbps 8% PER
60 - 120m, depending on surrounding
environment
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Classification Specification
Data Rate
Power consumption
Host interface USB2.0
Antenna ANT 2.4Ghz, 2DB RP-SMA Female
Antenna Cable RF 100mm SMA B/H
Dimension 54 x 25 x 6mm
Operating Temp 0 ~ 55°C
Humidity 5 ~ 90% Non-Condensing
Operating Voltages 3.3V±5%
Weight 10g
Approvals CE Class A, FCC Class A, RoHS Compliant
2.8 Eddy-BT v2.1
802.11b : 11, 5.5, 2, 1 Mbps
802.11g : 54, 48, 36, 24,18,12,11, 9, 6, 5.5, 2 , 1 Mbps
TX : 450mA
RX : 300mA
Linking to Eddy-CPU v2.1/v2.5 and Eddy-S4M v2.1, Eddy-BT module enables communication with various types of
Bluetooth device in Bluetooth method. Eddy-BT is based on Bluetooth 2.0 and supports communication distance of up
to 1,000m.
For the details of Eddy-BT, please refer to “7.1 Eddy BT Operation Mode
Classification Specification
Interface Bluetooth v2.0+ EDR Class 1
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Profile SPP (Serial Port Profile)
Max, TX Power
RX sensitivity -88dBm
+18dBm
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Eddy User's Guide
Classification Specification
Power
Operating Temp
Storage Temp
Supply voltage: 3.3V DC
Supply current::10mA 60mA
Operating temperature: -30 ~ 80
Storage temperature: -40 ~ 85
o
o
C
C
Humidity
Working distance
Approvals CE Class A, FCC Class A, RoHS Compliant
Humidity : 90% (Non-condensing)
Stub Antenna (+1dBi) - Stub Antenna (+1dBi) 100 meters
Stub Antenna (+1dBi) - Dipole Antenna (+3dBi) 150 meters
Dipole Antenna (+3dBi) - Dipole Antenna (+3dBi) 200 meters
Dipole Antenna (+3dBi) - Dipole Antenna (+5dBi) 300 meters
Dipole Antenna (+3dBi) - Patch Antenna (+9dBi) 500 meters
Dipole Antenna (+5dBi) - Dipole Antenna (+5dBi) 400 meters
Dipole Antenna (+5dBi) - Patch Antenna (+9dBi) 600 meters
Patch Antenna (+9dBi) - Patch Antenna (+9dBi) 1,000 meters
2.9 Eddy Software Architecture
2.10 Main Features
Various features of Eddy make it a universal yet distinctive embedded solution.
Below lists main features of Eddy.
z Premium-level hardware with ARM9 210MHz CPU, 8MB Flash, and 32MB SDRAM
z Selectable RS232 only or RS422/485 combo interfaces
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z USB host port (Max 12Mbps USB Full speed)
z SD Card Interface
z Max 921.6Kbps serial speed
z Program and run your own application
z SystemBase SDK and API support for application programming (included in Development Kit)
z Small size to fit in to any hardware
z 10/100Mbps Ethernet port (auto MDIX)
z SystemBase COM Port Redirector for better adaptability
z Extensive configuration and monitoring with Portview
z Firmware upload with Web, FTP, and TFTP
z Configuration with Web, Telnet, SNMP, and Portview
z Various customizing options
z Standard Linux environment for openness in executable applications
z Multiple Programmable IO pins for customized applications
z Watchdog timer support for monitoring the system and reset when system error is occurred.
2.11 Applications
Eddy can be applied to many practical applications in various fields. Some are presented below.
◆ Factory / Industrial Automation
PLC, Robot arms, Human-Machine Interface, Warehouse rails
Medical instruments, Inspection equipment controllers
Alarming units
◆ Home Appliances / Electronic Devices
Power controller, Gaming machines
Scales, Gas detection units, Water & pollution metering devices
Data collection and distribution units
◆ Financial / Building Automation
Card readers, Barcode scanners, Kiosks, Point-Of-Sale related devices
Serial printers, Cash registers, Credit card authorization terminals
Biometric detection units, Security devices
◆ OEM Device Server Distributors
OEM device server with distributor’s own case & brand
Ready-to-go device or customized application / setup mode can be inserted
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Chapter 3. Hardware Description
This chapter provides Eddy’s hardware information, including block diagram, layout, pin specifications, dimensions
and other hardware-related issues.
3.1 Eddy-CPU v2.1/v2.5
Ethernet port is provided as pin headers, and the transformer and RJ-45 connector should be manually implemented
by users. (RJ-45 connector with embedded transformer, normally called LAN-Mate or MAG Jack, can be used as a
simpler approach.
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Eddy CPU V2.1/v2.5 Device Discription
Eddy CPU V2.1/v2.5 Connector Discription
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3.2 Eddy-DK v2.1
It is Development Kit Providing environment to test and developing. Bellow is simple Instruction on Device, Switch,
Pin, LED and so on.
Switch Feature
LED Feature
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External Device Feature A
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External Device Feature B
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Internal Device Feature
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3.3 Eddy-S4M v2.1
Mini PCI Type Slot..
When developing main board, user must materialize transformer and RJ-45 connector (or RJ45 in which transformer
is included (LAN-Mate or MAC Jack)). Since Driver IC is in Eddy-S4M, Serial port can be integrated easily only by
attach connector.
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3.4 Eddy-S4M-DK v2.1
Development Kit provides testing and configuration in environment of Eddy-S4M v2.1
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3.5 Eddy-S4M-JIG v2.1
It is test board which used when you test with Eddy-S4M v2.1
3.6 Eddy WiFi v2.1
Linking to Eddy-CPU and Eddy-S4M, Eddy-WiFi module enables to use various types of serial device (Security
equipment, telecommunications device, modem, data output devices, industrial instruments etc.) through
wireless LAN. Eddy-WiFi module supports IEEE 802.11b/g.
For application development, please refer to WiFi.c, the source code for Eddy-WiFi module.
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LEFT Description RIGHT Description
1 NA
1 NA 2 NA
2 NA 3 NA
4 NA
5 VCC(3.3V)
6 VCC(3.3V)
7 USB Host Data(-)
8 USB Host Data(+)
9 NA
10 NA
11 H/W Reset
12 Ground
13 Ground
14 NA
15 NA
3 NA 16 NA
4 NA 17 NA
18 NA
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3.7 Eddy BT v2.1
Bluetooth module is composed to connect 4th serial port of Eddy-CPU or Eddy-S4M in TTL method. It is possible to
use Eddy-BT as 4
Control, please refer to Test_Bluetooth.c in SDK and revitalize HW Flow control of 4
For the details of Eddy-BT, please refer to “7.1 Eddy BT Operation Mode
th
serial port, but it can lose data in case of using HW Flow Control. If you want to use HW Flow
th
serial port.
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LEFT Description RIGHT Description
1 NA 1 NA
2 NA 2 NA
3 NA 3 NA
4 VCC(3.3V) 4 NA
5 Factory Reset 5 VCC(3.3V)
6 UART TXD 6 VCC(3.3V)
7 UART RXD 7 NA
8 UART RTS 8 NA
9 UART CTS 9 NA
10 Pairing Signal 10 NA
11 H/W Reset 11 H/W Reset
12 NA 12 Ground
13 NA 13 Ground
14 Ground 14 NA
15 Ground 15 NA
16 Ground 16 NA
17 NA
18 NA
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Eddy User's Guide
Chapter 4. Integration
This chapter explains how you can make Eddy to communicate. It deals with LAN and pin header connection guides
for Eddy to operate together with the target serial device.
Follow these steps to connect Eddy to the device and network.
4.1 Connection Guide
1) WAN/LAN
In order to connect Eddy to network, you need to use RJ45 Ethernet port. It supports both 10Mbps and 100Mbps
Ethernet connection (auto-sensing). Since Eddy’s LAN port supports MDIX function, you can either connect cross
LAN cable or direct LAN cable. Plug one end of a LAN cable to Eddy and the other end to a hub, switch, or any
other network device that can provide you with network access.
2) DB9
For the model included a DB9 serial port, you can simply connect Eddy to the destination serial device with a DB9
cable. For pin specifications, please refer to Chapter 3.
3) MCI slot
MMC and SDCards excepting T-Flash, Micro SD, and SDHC can be used through MCI slot. It provides Maximum 2
GBytes. Please note that MCI and SDCard must be inserted before power is induced to Eddy module.
2) USB Host
An USB memory stick or USB hub can be attached to Eddy-S2M/PIN module’s USB host port. For an USB Hub it
should have own power.
4.2 First-time Bootup
First of all, please make sure the power input you supply to the module is corresponding with the Eddy model that
you have. If an appropriate power input has been successfully supplied, Eddy will power on and start booting.
Although there is no power LED to check the status, you can check by LEDs on the RJ45 Ethernet port. LED status
operation is described in
An IP address is required to access Eddy’s web interface or telnet command-line configuration tool. By factory
default, Eddy is assigned a static IP address. After the initial connection, you can either manually assign a different IP
address or set Eddy to automatically get an IP address from a DHCP server. While this depends on your network
environment and policy, it is strongly recommended that you assign Eddy with a unique static IP.
Chapter 3. Hardware Description.
4.3 Connecting to Eddy with IP address
In order to view current Eddy’s settings or modify them, you need to make a Web or Telnet connection to Eddy. IP
address is required information to make a connection.
There are two ways you can know the current IP address of Eddy.
First is to use a built-in, alias IP address of “10.10.1.1”.
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Second is to use “Detector” application provided in the Utility & Documents CD. This application allows searching
for Eddy modules on the network.
◆ The factory default IP address: 192.168.0.223
Eddy’s default IP address is set to 192.168.0.223. In order to connect with this address, you need to change
network configurations so that your PC can connect to the IP 192.168.0.223. Please refer to an example below, and
note that values don’t necessarily have to be identical to the example below.
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◆ Factory default alias IP address: 10.10.1.1
In case you configure Eddy to use DHCP to obtain an IP address automatically, you might find it hard to know the IP
address to connect to. To provide users with an easier way to know the current IP address, Eddy has a fixed alias IP
that is always accessible. Use the address below whenever you cannot find out Eddy’s IP address.
In order to connect with this address, you need to change network configurations so that your PC can connect to the
IP 10.10.1.1. Please refer to an example below, and note that values do not necessarily have to be identical to the
example below.
;
Since Eddy-S4M doesn’t support LAN port so that doesn’t include bellow.
31
◆ Connection via Detector
By running the Detector program in the Utility & Documents CD included in the Eddy package, you can dynamically
search for all Eddy modules on the network and connect to any module. (For more information on Detector, please
refer to the Portview manual in the Utility & Documents CD included in the Eddy package)
After running Detector, click Search button on the top-left to display all Eddy modules on the network. Select the
module that you would make a connection to, and click Telnet or Web to connect to the module via Telnet or Web,
respectively.
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If Eddy module is not on the same network as the PC you are working on, use “IP Configure” button to
temporarily assign an IP address that you would like to make a Web or Telnet connection to. If you assign a
temporary IP address to Eddy, you need to to change the IP address and restart in Web or Telnet.
Now you are ready to connect to Eddy! There are three options to configure Eddy.
1) Web
You can easily configure Eddy with web interface, accessible from any web browser. For more information, please
refer to
Chapter 5. Configuration via Web.
2) Telnet
You can configure Eddy with commands after accessing Eddy through Telnet. For more information, please refer to
Chapter 6. Configuration via Telnet.
3) Portview
You can use a Windows-based utility Portview from SystemBase to monitor Eddy. For more information on using the
utility for your administration purpose, please refer to Portview User Guide.
4.4 Using MCI slot & USB Host Port
The following contents outline the usage of Eddy’s MCI & USB Host Port.
Using MCI slot
MMC and SDCards can be used through MCI slot.
Please note that MCI and SDCard must be inserted before power is induced to Eddy.
MMC or SDCards are automatically recognized as a new disk space in " /tmp/mmc " folder. If memory card is not
inserted to the MCI slot, " /tmp/mmc " folder will not be created.
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To check memory card’s current disk space information, type in "du -sk /tmp/mmc" or "df /tmp/mmc" commands
via telnet. Following example displays status of a memory card with 1GB memory storage capacity.
Eddy login: eddy
Password:
# pwd
/tmp
# ls
ifstate login.pw thttpd.log wtmp
login.id mmc thttpd.pid
# du -sk /tmp/mmc
9520 /tmp/mmc
# df /tmp/mmc
Filesystem Size Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda1 967.2M 9.3M 957.9M 1% /tmp/mmc
#
Using USB host port
An USB memory stick or USB hub can be attached to Eddy module’s USB host port. If other USB devices are to
be attached to this port, device drivers for the devices must be first created and loaded to Eddy-S2M/PIN module
using Eddy-DK.
Following example displays procedures for USB memory stick usage.
Insert the USB memory stick to USB host port and connect telnet.
Type in "fdisk -l " or "ls -al /dev/sd* " command to check USB memory stick is properly inserted.
Create a folder using “mkdir /tmp/usb” command.
Mount "/tmp/usb" folder using "mount -t vfat /dev/sda1 /tmp/usb" command.
Always unmount USB memory stick with "umount <mounted folder> " command, before removing USB memory
stick from USB host port.
If more than one USB memory stick is connected using a USB hub, each memory stick would be recognized as
/dev/sdb1, /dev/sdc1, /dev/sdd1…. Each device must be mounted for proper use. Following displays an example of
two USB memory stick connection with a hub.
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Eddy login: eddy
Password:
# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 1014 MB, 1014497280 bytes
44 heads, 32 sectors/track, 1407 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 1408 * 512 = 720896 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 1 1408 990704 6 FAT16
Disk /dev/sdb: 4068 MB, 4068474880 bytes
51 heads, 50 sectors/track, 3116 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2550 * 512 = 1305600 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 3117 3973116 b Win95 FAT32
# ls -al /dev/sd*
brw-rw---- 1 root root 8, 0 Jan 1 00:04 /dev/sda
brw-rw---- 1 root root 8, 1 Jan 1 00:04 /dev/sda1
brw-rw---- 1 root root 8, 2 Jan 1 00:04 /dev/sdb
brw-rw---- 1 root root 8, 3 Jan 1 00:04 /dev/sdb1
# ls -l
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 16 Jan 1 00:00 ifstate
-rw-rw-rw- 1 root root 4 Jan 1 00:00 login.id
-rw-rw-rw- 1 root root 8 Jan 1 00:00 login.pw
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 16384 Jan 1 00:00 mmc
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jan 1 00:00 thttpd.log
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4 Jan 1 00:00 thttpd.pid
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 768 Jan 1 00:05 wtmp
# pwd
/tmp
# mkdir usb1
# mount -t vfat /dev/sdb1 usb1
# df /tmp/usb1
Filesystem Size Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/sdb1 3.8G 3.0G 768.3M 80% /tmp/usb1
#
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Chapter 5. Configuration via Web
5.1 Connection
Open your favorite web browser and enter the IP address of Eddy to access Eddy’s web manager. Once you are
successfully connected, the following front page will show up. You need to enter appropriate username and
password to login. Please note that this username and password is used as authentication method for Telnet as well.
◆ Factory default username: eddy
◆ Factory default password: 99999999
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5.2 Setup Menu
If login process is successful, you will see a web manager’s main page, showing summary of your device. On the
left, you will see a setup menu, and you can navigate through these options.
WiFi Disable View
;
Since S4M doesn’t support DIO and LCD, “DIO settings” doesn’t appear on the left menu.
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WiFi Enable View
37
Main features of Setup Menu are as follows.
Menu Descriptions
Summary View a summary of Eddy.
Network Settings Configure network connection settings.
Wireless Settings Configure Wireless settings.
Peripheral Settings Select GPIO or Device mode.
Serial Settings
GPIO Settings Configure programmable I/O pins.
DIO Settings Configure DIO port. (Doesn’t supported in Eddy-S4M)
SNMP Settings Configure detailed operation environment for SNMP.
Configure detailed operation environment for serial
communication.
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Change Password Change ID and password for both Web and Telnet interface.
Update Firmware Update Eddy’s firmware.
Factory Default Restore all the factory default settings.
Save & Reboot Save the configurations and reboot Eddy.
5.3 Network Settings
Configure general network environment and network management. After changing values, you need to click
‘Submit’ button. Then you will see the same page with modified values. Please note that you have to ‘Save &
Reboot’ in order to see these changes in effect. Changes will be discarded if you do not save current settings.
;
Since S4M doesn’t support LCD, “LAN Configuration” doesn’t appear.
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Main features for WAN Configuration is as follows.
Menu Default Descriptions
Device
Name
Line Type Static IP IP obtaining method for Eddy’s network connection.
IP Address 192.168.0.223
Subnet
Mask
Gateway 192.168.0.254
DNS 168.126.63.1 Domain Name Service IP address
Main features for LAN Configuration is as follows.
;
Since S4M doesn’t have LAN port, doesn’t include bellows
Eddy Name of the current device
Current IP address Eddy is assigned to.
(When line type is Static IP, manually enter an appropriate IP
address. When line type is DHCP, current IP is displayed, but it is
not editable.)
Current subnet mask Eddy is assigned to.
255.255.255.0
(When line type is Static IP, manually enter an appropriate subnet
mask. When line type is DHCP, current subnet mask is displayed,
but it is not editable.)
Current default gateway Eddy is assigned to
(When line type is Static IP, manually enter an appropriate default
gateway. When line type is DHCP, current default gateway is
displayed, but it is not editable.)..
Menu Default Descriptions
DHCP
Server
IP Address 10.10.1.1 Current IP address for LAN is assigned to.
Subnet
Mask
Lease Start
Address
Lease End
Address
Lease Time 180 DHCP lease time.
Main features for Network Service Configuration are as follows.
Menu Default Descriptions
Portview
IP / Port
Enable Enable or disable DHCP server.
255.255.255.0 Current subnet mask for LAN is assigned to.
10.10.1.2
10.10.1.30
0.0.0.0 / 4000
If DHCP server is enabled, start address of the DHCP scope for
leasing.
If DHCP server is enabled, end address of the DHCP scope for
leasing.
Set the IP address and the port number of the PC where Portview
is installed. For more information on Portview, please refer to the
Portview User Manual.
If IP is set to 0.0.0.0, this feature is disabled
39
DDNS 203.32.117.1 Register DDNS server’s IP address for DDNS service.
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(Username/
Password)
Telnet Service Enable
FTP Service Enable
Web Service Enable
SSH Service Disable Enable or disable Secure Shell service.
LemonIDE
Target Agent
Disable
5.4 Serial Settings
DDNS service used in Eddy is supported by http://ddns.nu
default ID is eddy and default password is 99999999
if you want to used this ,you should register your own in
http://ddns.nu
Enable or disable Telnet service.
If disabled, you cannot connect to Eddy via Telnet.
Enable or disable FTP service.
If disabled, you cannot connect to Eddy via FTP.
Enable or disable Web service.
If disabled, you cannot connect to Eddy via Web.
Enable or disable remote debugging function used by Eddy
development environment, LemonIDE.
For more information, please refer to LemonIDE user manual in
the SDK CD included in Eddy-DK package.
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You can set the communication and operation environment for the serial port. After changing values, you need to
click ‘Submit’ button. Then you will see the same page with modified values. Please note that you have to
‘Save & Reboot’ in order to see these changes in effect. Changes will be discarded if you do not save current
settings.
Menu Default Descriptions
Select the operation protocol, which the serial port would use.
Disable
Do not use this port.
COM
Use the serial port of Eddy as the COM ports of Windows
2000/XP/2003/Vista operated PC.
TCP Server
Eddy works as a socket server, waiting for the client connection on the
network.
Socket number for awaiting connections can be set in ‘Local socket
port’ field.
All data between the socket and the serial port is transferred untouched
after the socket connection is established.
TCP Client
Operation
Mode
COM
Eddy acts as a socket client in this mode. It tries to connect to the server
IP address and the socket number assigned when a certain server waits
for connection on the network.
All data between the socket and the serial port is transferred untouched
after the socket connection is established.
TCP Broadcast
Eddy works as a server, accepting up to 5 simultaneous connections
from socket clients.
Data transmitted from Eddy is broadcast to each socket client.
TCP Multiplex
Eddy works as a server, accepting up to 5 simultaneous connections
from socket clients. The difference between TCP Broadcast and TCP
Multiplex is that Multiplex allows each socket to communicate
exclusively. That is, serial data in response are only transferred to the
sender socket.
UDP Server
Eddy works as a UDP server, waiting for UDP connection from the client
on the network.
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Menu Default Descriptions
Socket number for awaiting connections can be set in ‘Local socket
port’ field.
Once a UDP packet is received to the socket that waits for the
connection, the data is transmitted to the serial port. The data input from
the serial port is put into UDP packets, which eventually are sent to the
client.
UDP Client
When the data is input to the serial port, UDP packets are sent using the
preset IP address and the socket number of the server.
Serial Port 1,2 hardwired to RS232 so that this category cannot be selected.
Serial Port 3, 4 can be used RS422 or RS485 (Echo, No Echo) by
Interface RS422
Local
Socket Port
4001
selecting.
In Eddy-CPU, this can be selected by Dip Switch S8, S9 on Eddy-DK
board so that this category cannot be selected.
(option: RS422, RS485(Echo), RS485(No Echo))
Set the socket number for the port. TCP server and UDP server operation
mode makes use of this port for awaiting network socket connections.
Port Alias Port1 Port alias name for convenience. 16 Characters at maximum.
Set communication speed.
Baud Rate 9600 bps
Data Bits 8
Stop Bits 1
Parity None
Flow Control None
Device Type DataOnly
Remote IP
Address /
Port
Keepalive
Check
Time
0.0.0.0 /
4000
0
(Options: 150, 300, 600, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200, 38400, 57600,
115200, 230400, 460800, 921600 bps)
Set the number of bits in each character size.
(Options: 5, 6, 7, 8)
Set the number of stop bits..
(Options: 1, 2)
Set parity bit check scheme..
(Options: None, Odd, Even)
Set the flow control scheme.
(Options: None, Xon/Xoff, RTS/CTS)
Set the signal line checking method for the device to be connected to the
given serial port.
If the mode is set to Data Only, only TxD, RxD, and GND signal lines are
used in inter-device communication. If the mode is set to Modem
Signals, all modem signals except RI(Ring Indicator) are asserted, tested,
and used in communication.
(Options: Data Only, Modem Signals)
When the Operation Mode is either TCP Client or UDP Client, set the IP
address and the socket number to connect to..
After a certain amount of time passes without any communication after
the socket connection between the given serial port and the server is
established, automatically disconnect the socket connection. Valid from
0 to 32767 sec.
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Menu Default Descriptions
For example, if the operation mode is set to TCP Server and Alive Check
Time is configured to 10, TCP Server will listen for the client’s
connection and eventually establish a connection. Since the check time
is 10 seconds, the server will wait for 10 seconds until the client
connected to it sends any packet. If there is no data for 10 seconds,
server will quit the connection and return to the listening state. This
option is helpful in preventing communication obstacles that occur when
either Eddy or the client quits unexpectedly (i.e. Sudden black out,
reboot, LAN cable cut, etc.). In these cases, the other part of
communication might not recognize the failure of its partner. Such
misunderstanding can cause communication errors.
If the value is set to 0, this function is disabled. Once connected socket
will be retained until explicitly disconnected.
(Only applies to TCP Client, TCP Server, TCP Broadcast, and TCP
Multiplex operation modes.)
This needs to be set when consecutive data from the given serial port
needs to be transmitted to socket at once.
For example, if 100 bytes of character string are to be transmitted from
Latency
Time
Port Login Disable
Passive
Username
Passive
Password
0
eddy
99999999
the serial device to a server through Eddy, bypass is set to 0 for the
latency time. Although it provides immediate sending through Eddy, the
server could be received a lot parts of divided packets.
If the latency time is not 0, Eddy will wait for the time and check new
data. If there is new data, Eddy repeatedly wait for the time. Otherwise,
Eddy will transfer the buffered data, but it could not run in real time.
When the Operation Mode is set to TCP Server, ask for the username
and password when the client tries to connect
(Options: Enable, Disable)
When the Operation Mode is set to TCP Server, set the username to ask
for. 16 Characters at maximum.
When the Operation Mode is set as TCP Server, set the password to ask
for. 16 Characters at maximum.
5.5
Wireless Settings
You can set the wireless network parameters. After changing values, you need to click [Submit] button. Then you will
see the same page with modified values. Please note that you have to [Save & Reboot] in order to see these changes
in effect. Changes will be discarded if you do not save current settings.
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Menu Default Description
Wireless
Network
Wireless
Mode
Wireless
Network
Mode
Disable
Infrastructure
802.11b/g
Mixed
When enabled, Eddy-WiFi is available.
•Disable: Eddy-WiFi is not available.
•Enable: Eddy-WiFi is available.
Set the wireless LAN mode.
(Option: Infrastructure, Ad-Hoc)
•Infrastructure : Use Eddy-WiFi under the Infrastructure mode. This mode is
used for connecting to the wireless AP (Access Point) as a client to connect to
other network.
•Ad-Hoc : Use Eddy-WiFi under the Ad-hoc mode. This mode is used for 1:1
communication with another Ad-hoc client.
Sets the operation protocol of a wireless network.
(Option: 802.11b/g mixed, 802.11B only, 802.11G only)
•802.11b/g mixed: 802.11b and 802.11g are supported.
•802.11B only: Use only 802.11b.
•802.11G only: Use only 802.11g.
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Wireless
Network
Name(SSID
)
Channel Auto
Bitrate Auto
None
Sets the identification (SSID) of a wireless network to be connected.
(Up to 32 bytes)
Selects a frequency channel for wireless connection.
(Option: Auto, 1 ~ 13)
•Auto: Connect a channel specified in AP automatically. In most cases, this
setting is used.
•Value Specification: Specify a channel to be connected manually.
Sets the speed for wireless connection.
(Option: Auto, 1, 2, 5.5, 6, 9, 11, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48, 54Mbps)
The setting as Auto adjusts the speed depending on signal sensitivity and noise.
In most cases, this setting is used.
If Wireless Network mode is set to 802.11b/g Mixed, all options can be selected.
The setting as 802.11a only allows setting as 6, 9, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48 and
54Mbps.
The setting as 802.11b only allows setting as 1, 2, 5.5 and 11Mbps.
The setting as 802.11g only allows setting as 6, 9, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48 and
54Mbps.
RTS
Threshold
Fragment
Threshold
Wireless
Roaming
Roaming
Threshold
2347
2346
Disable
75 (dbm)
Sets the minimum packet size to send RTS in a communication node.
(Range: 1 ~ 2347 bytes)
This setting adds the RTS/CTS handshake procedure to verify that the
transmission channel is empty before transmitting a packet.
In most cases, this setting is not used.
The setting as 2347 disables this function.
Sets the maximum packet size to send a packet after dividing into small pieces.
(Range: 256 ~ 2346 bytes)
This setting transmits a packet after dividing into small pieces.
Communication overhead is increased but communication error can be reduced
in serious interference or noise environment.
In most cases, this setting is not used.
The setting as 2346 disables this function.
Set whether to use of the Roaming functions.
•Enable : Use Roaming function.
•Disable : Do not use Roaming function.
(Option: 61~89 dbm)
If you have different Access Points and have enabled roaming, you should also
set carefully the roaming threshold, which is the point (in signal strength) at
which Eddy-WiFi search for a new Access Point. If you set it too low, Eddy-WiFi
will spend to much time with a non optimal AP (getting a poorer throughput),
and if you set it too high the card will waste time searching for a new AP too
often.
The represented value is absolute. The real value should be the represented
value * (-).
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Authenticati
on Mode
Encryption
Type
OPEN
NONE
(Option: OPEN, SHARED, WPAPSK, WPA2PSK, WPANONE)
An authentication mode defines the procedure that the 802.11 device uses when
it authenticates and associates with an access point.
•OPEN : Specifies IEEE 802.11 Open System authentication.
•SHARED : Specifies IEEE 802.11 Shared Key authentication that uses a
preshared WEP key.
•WPA-PSK : Specifies WPA security. Authentication is performed between the
supplicant and authenticator over IEEE 802.1X. Encryption keys are dynamic
and are derived through the preshared key used by the supplicant and
authenticator.
•WPA2-PSK : Specifies WPA2 security. Authentication is performed between the
supplicant and authenticator over IEEE 802 1X. Encryption keys are dynamic
and are derived through the preshared key used by the supplicant and
authenticator.
•WPA-NONE : Specifies WPA security. Specifies the use of a preshared key
without IEEE 802.1X authentication. Encryption keys are static and are derived
through the preshared key. This mode is applicable only to ad hoc network
types.
(Option: NONE, WEP, TKIP, AES)
Encryption modes define the set of cipher suites that can be enabled on the
802.11 device.
•NONE : Not used.
•WEP : Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) is the RC4-based algorithm specified in
the IEEE 802.11 specification.
•TKIP : Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP) is the RC4-based cipher suite
based on the algorithms defined in the WPA and IEEE 802.11i specifications.
•AES : The Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) defines an encryption
algorithm in FIPS PUB 197.
Key Index 1
Key None
Password None
Connection
Type
IP Address 192.168.1.72
DHCP
Selects the index of the key to be used from the created keys.
(Option: 1, 2, 3 and 4)
Selects WEP 64-bit (Enter a Hex Key value directly).
(Example: 3132333435)
Selects WEP 128-bit (Enter a Hex Key value directly)
(Example: 31323334353637383940414243)
Password for the TKIP encryption type.
(Up to 64 bytes)
Sets an IP address type in a wireless network.
(Option: DHCP, Static IP)
•DHCP : Assign a dynamic IP address through a DHCP server.
•Static IP : Specify an IP address manually.
Sets an IP address of a wireless network.
If the line Type is Static IP, a user can enter an IP address directly. If line type is
DHCP, the current IP address is displayed. In DHCP type, the address cannot
be changed.
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Subnet
Mask
Gateway 192.168.1.1
DNS 168.126.63.1
255.255.255.0
5.6 Peripheral Settings
Configure operation mode and output value for each Programmable I/O pins.
Eddy includes GPIO pins that output 3.3V or detect 3.3V signals.
Eddy-CPU provides 56 GPIO ports, if you only use WAN port.
You can detect either any 3.3V signals from external device, or output 3.3V signal to the external device. You can
also program a customized GPIO application, and you can implement it with the SDK included in the Eddy
development kit.
Eddy-S4M provide 34ea GPIO port, different from Eddy-CPU, the sharing device is limited to ADC.
After changing values, you need to click ‘Submit’ button. Then you will see the same page with modified values.
Please note that you have to ‘Save & Reboot’ in order to see these changes in effect. Changes will be discarded
if you do not save current settings.
Sets an IP address of a wireless network.
If the line Type is Static IP, a user can enter a subnet mask address directly. If
line type is DHCP, the current subnet mask address is displayed. In DHCP type,
the address cannot be changed.
Sets a gateway address of a wireless network.
If the line Type is Static IP, a user can enter a gateway address directly. If line
type is DHCP, the current gateway address is displayed. In DHCP type, the
address cannot be changed.
Sets a DNS server address of a wireless network.
If the line Type is Static IP, a user can enter a DNS server address directly. If
line type is DHCP, the current DNS server address is displayed. In DHCP type,
the address cannot be changed.
47
Menu Default Descriptions
Set the GPIO port to current pin’s I/O mode.
Device
Select
Eddy
Eddy: Set Eddy defined mode.
GPIO: Set only GPIO port mode.
User: Set only user mode.
Select the GPIO port to the specified mode.
Input(Pull-up): Standby with setting the GPIO to Vcc.
Value Output(Low)
Input(Pull-down): Standby with setting the GPIO to Gnd.
Output(Low): 3.3V is not flowed through the port.
Output(High): 3.3V is output through the port.
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Configuration view of Eddy-CPU
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Configuration view of Eddy-S4M
5.7 DIO Settings
Eddy-DK supports 16 Channel Digital inputs and outputs (DIO) by connecting with I2C interface. It is possible to
switch GLCD or Digital IO port via 16 Channel DIO. After changing values, you need to click ‘Submit’ button.
Then you will see the same page with modified values. Please note that you have to ‘Save & Reboot’ in order to
see these changes in effect. Changes will be discarded if you do not save current settings.
;
Since Eddy-S4M doesn’t support DIO and LCD, DIO Settings doesn’t be supported.
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Menu Default Descriptions
Device
Select
LCD
5.8 SNMP Settings
You can set the communication and operation environment for the SNMP Agent. After changing values, you need to
click ‘Submit’ button. Then you will see the same page with modified values. Please note that you have to
‘Save & Reboot’ in order to see these changes in effect. Changes will be discarded if you do not save current
settings.
Set the purpose of the I2C 16 Bit I/O channel.
LCD: Set the G-LCD mode.
If you set to the LCD, you cannot use it for the DIO port.
DIO: Set the DIO 16 channel mode.
You can set input or out 16 channel as like the GPIO.
If you set to the DIO, you cannot use it for the G-LCD.
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In order to use the SNMP Agent, SNMP v1/v2/v3 Agent become enabled and pushes the [Submit] button.
Feature Default Descriptions
SNMP v1/v2/v3
Agent
V1/2 Attribution ReadOnly
V3 Attribution ReadOnly
V3 Username/
Password
TRAP IP/ Port
System reset
notification
Port connect
notification
Port disconnect
notification
Disable
eddy/admi
nistrator
0.0.0.0/162 Configure the server IP address and Port which receive the TRAP
Enable
Disable
Disable
Enable or disable Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)
support.
(Options : Disable/Enable)
SNMP V1/2 Attributes can read and write by SNMP Agent.
In order to read attributes only, change the feature to "ReadOnly".
In order to read and write attributes, change the feature to
"ReadWrite".
(Options : ReadOnly/ ReadWrite)
SNMP V3 Attributes can read and write by SNMP Agent.
In order to read attributes only, change the feature to "ReadOnly".
In order to read and write attributes, change the feature to
"ReadWrite".
(Options : ReadOnly/ ReadWrite)
Configure the Username and the password when use SNMP V3.
The Password is at least 8 character string
information.
If Enable is selected, inform the “System reset info.”
(Option : Enable, Disable)
If Enable is selected, inform the “Serial Port opened info.”
(Option : Enable, Disable)
If Enable is selected, inform the “Serial Port Closed info.”
(Option : Enable, Disable)
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5.9 Change Password
Change Web/Telnet access username and password. After changing values, you need to click ‘Submit’ button.
Then you will see the same page with modified values. Please note that you have to ‘Save & Reboot’ in order to
see these changes in effect. Changes will be discarded if you do not save current settings.
◆ Default user id : eddy
◆ Default password : 99999999
5.10 Update Firmware
Firmware is an application embedded in Flash memory of Eddy. Set the location of the firmware file to update, using
the ‘Browse…‘ button. The selected firmware will be transferred to Eddy when you click ‘Start Update’. After
the transmission is complete, Eddy will be automatically restarted to operate with the new firmware.
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5.11 Factory Default
Restore all the configuration parameters to the factory default values. Clicking on ‘Restore Factory Defaults’
button will delete all current settings and restore settings to the initial status. Eddy will automatically reboot.
You cannot turn back the decision once you select this option.
◆ The factory default WAN IP Address: 192.168.0.223
◆ The factory default LAN IP Address: 10.10.1.1
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5.12 Save & Reboot
This option saves changes to the Flash memory and restarts the system to let the changes to take place in the
operation.
Main features for Save & Reboot are as follows
Menu Descriptions
Save and Reboot ‘Save & Reboot’ reboots Eddy after saving changes to Flash memory.
Reboot Only
‘Reboot Only’ option just reboots Eddy without saving changes. This
option can be used to rollback the changes you have mistakenly made.
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Chapter 6. Configuration via Telnet
6.1 Connection
Open your telnet client and enter Eddy’s IP address to connect. You need to enter appropriate username and
password to login. Please note that this username and password is used as authentication method for Web as well.
This means if username or/and password has been modified from the telnet interface, modified values have to be
entered to connect to web, and vice versa.
◆ Factory default username : eddy
◆ Factory default password : 99999999
[def] command - you can view or configure Eddy’s settings
[def help] command - you can see help for [def] command
After changing values, you can see modified values with [def view] commands. But be careful because these values
are not in effect unless you issue a [def save] command. Changes will be discarded if you do not save current
settings.
6.2 View commands
Commands related to View are as follows.
Commands Descriptions
def view Show all information about Eddy.
def view wan Show WAN network settings.
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def view lan Show LAN network settings.
def view wifi Show WiFi network settings.
def view management Show managing items settings.
def view port Show serial port settings.
def view gpio Show GPIO pin settings.
def view dio Show DIO pin settings.
def help Show command list and help.
6.3 Network commands
Configure general network environment and network management.
Commands Default Descriptions
def mac
<Mac Address>
def line
[ip/dhcp]
def ip
<IP Address>
def mask
<Subnet mask>
def gateway
<Gateway address>
def dns
<IP address>
def portviewip
<IP address>
00:05:f4:00:20:57 Register Eddy’s MAC address.
Static IP IP obtaining method for Eddy’s network connection.
Set the current IP address Eddy is assigned to.
When line type is Static IP, manually enter an appropriate
192.168.0.223
255.255.255.0
192.168.0.1
168.126.63.1 Set the Domain Name Service IP address.
0.0.0.0
IP address.
When line type is DHCP, it is not editable. Instead, current
IP address is shown.
Set the subnet mask Eddy is assigned to.
When line type is Static IP, manually enter an appropriate
subnet mask.
When line type is DHCP, it is not editable. Instead, current
subnet mask is shown.
Set the default gateway Eddy is assigned to.
When line type is DHCP, it is not editable. Instead, current
gateway address is shown.
Configures IP of PC which Portview is installed
If IP is set to 0.0.0.0, NMS feature is disabled.
(Please refer to Portview User’s Manual for detailed
information.)
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def portviewport
<Port Number>
def telnet
[Enable / Disable]
def ftp
[Enable / Disable]
def ssh
[Enable / Disable]
Def ddns
[IP Address]
Def ddnsuser
[username]
Def ddnspass
[password]
def web
[Enable / Disable]
4000 Set the socket number of the PC with Portview installed.
Enable
Enable
Disable
203.32.117.1
eddy You can access DDNS server with this ID.
99999999 You can access DDNS server with this password.
Enable
Enable or disable Telnet service.
If disabled, you cannot connect to Eddy via Telnet.
Enable or disable FTP service.
If disabled, you cannot connect to Eddy via FTP.
Enable or disable SSH service.
If enabled, you can connect to Eddy via SSH.
If you set DDNS server IP , DDNS service will be enable.
But you set “0.0.0.0” ,this service will disable.
Enable or disable Web service.
If disabled, you cannot connect to Eddy via Web.
def target_agent
[Enable / Disable]
def name
<Eddy name>
def snmp
[Enable / Disable]
def v1readwrite
[enable, disable]
def v3readwrite
[enable, disable]
Disable
Name of the
module
Disable
Disable
Disable
Enable or disable remote debugging function used by Eddy
development environment, LemonIDE.
For more information, please refer to LemonIDE user
manual in the SDK CD included in Eddy DK package.
Set the name of Eddy module. (Max 32 bytes)
SNMP V1/2 Attributes can read and write by SNMP Agent.
In order to read attributes only, change the feature to
"ReadOnly.”
In order to read and write attributes change the feature to
"ReadWrite.”
(Options : ReadOnly/ ReadWrite)
SNMP V1/V2 Attributes can read and write by SNMP
Agent.
In order to read attributes only change the feature to
"ReadOnly.”
In order to read and write attributes change the feature to
"ReadWrite.”
(Options : ReadOnly/ ReadWrite)
SNMP V3 Attributes can read and write by SNMP Agent.
In order to read attributes only change the feature to
"ReadOnly.”
In order to read and write attributes change the feature to
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"ReadWrite.”
(Options : ReadOnly/ ReadWrite)
def v3username
[string]
def v3password
[string]
def trapip
[address]
def trapoprt
[Socket No.]
def trap_reset
[enable, disable]
def trap_connect
[enable, disable]
def trap_disconnect
[enable, disable]
def landhcp
[enable, disable]
def lanip <IP
Address>
eddy Configure the Username when use SNMP V3.
none Configure the password when use SNMP V3.
0.0.0.0
162
Enable If Enable is selected, inform the "System reset info".
Disable If Enable is selected, inform the "Serial Port opened info".
Disable If Enable is selected, inform the "Serial Port Closed info".
Enable
10.10.1.1 Set the IP address on the LAN port.
Configure the server IP address which receives the TRAP
information.
Configure the server Port which receives the TRAP
information.
If Enable is selected, DHCP server service will be enabled
on the LAN port.
def lanmask
<Subnet Mask>
def lanstart <IP
Addrss>
def lanend <IP
Address>
def leasetime
<msec>
255.255.255.0 Set the subnet mask address on the LAN port.
10.10.1.2 Set the start address for the DHCP range on the LAN port.
10.10.1.30 Set the end address for the DHCP range on the LAN port.
180 Set lease time for DHCP.
6.4 WiFi commands
Bellow are instruction and function which enable WiFi Network.
명령어 디폴트 설명
def wifi wireless
<Enable/ disable)
det wifi mode
[infrastructure
/ ad-hoc]
disable
infrastructure Configure the active mode of wireless LAN
Determine whether to use Eddy-WiFi module
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def wifi network
<802.11 b/g mixed,
802.11b only,
802,11g only,
802.11 b/g mixed Configure the active protocol of wireless network.
def wifi ssid
<SSID string>
def wifi channel
<Auto, 1 ~ 13)
def wifi bitrate
<auto,
1,2,5,6,9,11,12,18,2
4,36,48,54>
def wifi rts
(1 ~ 2347)
def wifi fragment
<256 ~ 2346>
def wifi roamming
[Enable/ Disable]
def wiri
authentication
[open, shared,
wpa-psk, wpa2psk, wpa-none]
def wifi encryption
[none, wep, tkip,
aes]
def wifi keyindex
[1 ~ 4]
def wifi key
[wep key string]
def wifi password
[wpa password]
def wifi line
[dhcp, static ip]
def wifi ip
[IP address]
def wifi gateway
[router Address]
def wifi mask
[Mask Address]
def wifi dns
[DNS Address]
None Configure wireless network name (SSID) you want connect.
Auto Select frequency which used for wireless connection.
Auto Configure the speed of wireless connection.
2347
2346
Disable
WPA2-PSK Select certification way when testing access point.
TKIP Configure the way of encryption
1 Select the index when Encryption is WEB
None Register key to use when Encryption is WEB.
None Register password to use when Encryption is TKIP.
DHCP Select acquiring way of IP in wireless network
192.168.1.72 Register IP address when acquiring way of IP is Static IP.
192.168.1.1 Register GW address when acquiring way of IP is Static IP.
255.255.255.0
168.126.63.1 Register DNS server address.
Configure minimum packets which enable RTS in
communication node.
Configure Maximum packet when sending with small
pieces of packet.
Configure whether to use roaming function of wireless
network.
Register Mask address when acquiring way of IP is Static
IP.
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6.5 Serial Commands
You can set the communication and operation environment for the serial port. Chapter 5 describes each option in
detail. Only a summary of each option is presented here.
Commands Default Descriptions
def port 1 protocol
[disable / com/
tcp_server/tcp_client/
tcp_broadcast /
tcp_multiplex/
udp_server/udp_client]
def port 1 socket
<port number>
def port 1 name <name> Port 1 Port alias name for convenience. 16 Characters at maximum
def port 1 speed
[150/300/600/1200/2400/480
0/9600/19200/38400/57600/
115200/230400/460800
/921600]
com Select the operation protocol, which the serial port would use.
Set the socket number for the port. TCP Server, TCP
4001
9600bps Set communication speed.
Broadcase, TCP Multiplex, and UDP server operation modes
make use of this port for awaiting network socket connections.
def port 1 data
[5 / 6 / 7 / 8]
Def po 1 interface
[rs422, rs485e, rs485ne]
def port 1 stop [1 / 2] 1 Set the number of stop bits.
def port 1 parity
[none/odd/even]
def port 1 flow
[none/xon/rts]
def port 1 signal
[data/modem]
def port 1 remote
<IP address>
def port 1 remoteport
<socket number>
def port 1 keepalive
<0 ~ 65535>
def port 1 latency
<msec>
8 Set the number of bits in each character size.
Configure interface of serial 3,4 port on Eddy-S4M
RS422
none Set parity bit check scheme.
none Set the flow control scheme.
data
0.0.0.0
4000
0
180
(In Eddy-DK, this can be selected by Dip Switch on Eddy-DK
board so that this category cannot be selected. )
Set the signal line checking method for the device to be
connected to the given serial port.
When the Operation Mode is set to TCP Client or UDP Client,
set the IP address to connect to.
When the Operation Mode is set to TCP Client or UDP Client,
set the socket number to connect to.
After a certain amount of time passes without any
communication after the socket connection between the given
serial port and the server is established, automatically
disconnect the socket connection.
This needs to be set when consecutive data from the given
serial port needs to be transmitted to socket at once.
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Commands Default Descriptions
def port 1 login
[Enable / Disable]
def port 1 loginname
<username>
def port 1 loginpass
<password>
Disable
None
None
When the Operation Mode is set to TCP Server, ask for the
username and password when the client tries to connect. Set
to 1 to enable.
When the Operation Mode is set to TCP Server, set the
username to ask for(Max 8 bytes)
When the Operation Mode is set as TCP Server, set the
password to ask for( Max 8 bytes)
6.6 Username/Password Commands
Configure username and password for Web/Telnet/FTP.
Commands Default Descriptions
def username
<username>
def password
<password>
eddy
99999999
Set username to use in Web, Telnet, or FTP.
16 Characters at maximum.
Set password to use in Web, Telnet, or FTP.
16 Characters at maximum.
6.7 System Commands
Commands Descriptions
def default
def save
reboot Reboot Eddy.
Restore all settings to factory default. Requires reboot for changes to
take effect.
Save current configuration settings. Requires reboot for changes to take
effect.
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Chapter 7. apendix
7.1 Eddy-BT Operation
7.1.1 How to use Eddy-BT
Eddy-BT is an optional module that can be loaded and used with Eddy-CPU module.
The communication interface of Eddy-BT is RS-232 and connected with 4
If you want to develop your own application using Eddy-BT, please refer to “Test_BlueTooth.c” in “FileSystem”
source. Also, you can use the default applications (Com_Redirect, TCP_Server) without additional development.
The following diagram explains how to connect between Eddy-BT and Bluetooth device using Com-Redirect
program. (The default IP address of Eddy-DK is 192.168.0.223.)
th
serial port of Eddy-CPU module.
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1. Please power on Eddy-DK after you connect Eddy-BT with Eddy-CPU module.
2. Please set the “Operation Mode” of 4
button.
3. Please press “Save & Reboot” button of “Save & Reboot” menu. And then, Eddy-DK will be rebooted.
4. Please install COM_Redirector program on PC. (For more information, please refer to the manual of
Com_Redirector program.)
5. Please add port from COM_Redirect Control Panel after the installation of the program.
[* You can see that the 4
th
serial port(192.168.0.223, Port 4004) of Eddy-DK is assigned as COM10.]
6. Please open the port of PC as the default values (9600 bps, None Parity, 8 Data Bits, 1 Stop Bits) using
HyperTermanal.
7. You can connect Eddy-BT with Bluetooth device using AT commands. (For more information, please refer to
“Chapter 7.1.4. The meaning of AT commands”.)
Please press “ATZ+” and press “Enter” key. And then, you can see the “OK” message.
If you see the “OK” message, Eddy-BT is normally loaded with Eddy-CPU module.
Now you can connect Eddy-BT with Bluetooth device using “ATD+Address of the Bluetooth device”
command.
If Eddy-BT normally connects with Bluetooth device, you can see the “Connect” message.
th
serial port as “Com_Redirector” mode. And then, press “Save”
7.1.2 Operation Mode
In addition to the serial port configurations, the Eddy-BT requires also includes some settings for Bluetooth. For
getting the most out of Eddy-BT, user should understand the following Bluetooth connection schemes.
A Bluetooth device can play a role as a master or slave. Master tries to connect itself to other Bluetooth devices, and
slave is waiting to be connected from other Bluetooth devices. A Bluetooth connection is always made by a pair of
master and slave devices. A slave can be in two modes, Inquiry Scan or Page Scan mode. Inquiry Scan mode is
waiting for a packet of inquiry from other Bluetooth device and Page Scan mode is waiting for a packet of
connection from other Bluetooth device. Every Bluetooth device has its unique address, called BD (Bluetooth Device)
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address, which is composed of 12 hexa-decimal numbers.
Eddy-BT has 4 operation modes as follows:
Mode Description
Mode0 In this mode, there is no response when power on or software reset, and Eddy-BT is just
waiting for AT command input. Neither master nor slave is assigned to Eddy-BT in mode0.
User can change the configuration parameters of Eddy-BT in this mode.
Eddy-BT must be in Mode0, when it is directly controlled by AT commands.
The factory default is set to Mode0.
Mode1 Eddy-BT tries to connect the last connected Bluetooth device.
Eddy-BT in Mode1 is to be a master and tries to connect the last connected Bluetooth
device. Eddy-BT always stores the BD address of the Bluetooth device to which Eddy-BT
has connected last. When Eddy-BT is initially used or after hardware reset, there is no BD
address stored in Eddy-BT. In this case, Mode1 will not be able to work properly. The mode
change to Mode1 can be made after Eddy-BT succeeds to connect to one other Bluetooth
device. Once changed to Mode1, Eddy-BT will try to connect automatically the last
connected Bluetooth device whenever the unit is powered on or software reset.
Eddy-BT in Mode1 cannot be discovered or connected by other Bluetooth devices.
Mode2 Eddy-BT is waits for a connection from the last connected Bluetooth device.
Eddy-BT in Mode2 is to be a slave and waiting for the connection only from the last
connected Bluetooth device. Just like Mode1, if there is no BD address stored in Eddy-BT,
the mode change from other operation modes to Mode2 is not work properly. Once
changed to Mode2, Eddy-BT will wait for the connection from the last connected Bluetooth
device whenever the unit is powered on or software reset.
Eddy-BT in Mode2 cannot be discovered or connected to Bluetooth devices other than the
last connected device.
Mode3
Serial Ports
The applicable settings for serial ports are as follows.
Serial Port Settings Values
Baud rate
Data bite
Parity
Eddy-BT is waiting for the connection from any other Bluetooth devices. In Mode 3
the Eddy-BT is discoverable and can be connected to by other Bluetooth devices.
1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 14400, 19200, 38400, 57600, 115200, 230400,
460800, 921600
8
No parity, Even parity, Odd parity
Stop bit
Hardware Flow
Control
64
1, 2
Use, No Use
The values in box are the factory default settings.
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Data Bit
Eddy-BT supports only 8 data bit. In the case of 7 data bit and even/odd parity, use Eddy-BT 8 data bit and
none parity. At this time, master and slave are Eddy-BT. But 7 data bit and none parity is not support.
Hardware Flow Control)
Eddy-BT plugged into its host system transmits data from host to the other side Bluetooth device. This data
is saved temporarily in the internal buffer of Eddy-BT and sent repeatedly until the transmission is completed
packet by packet. When the radio transmission condition is not good enough to send data promptly, it can
cause a transmission delay. If the host sends more data when the buffer is full, buffer overflow will make
Eddy-BT malfunction consequently. In order to prevent this buffer overflow, Eddy-BT works as follows.
When using hardware flow control, Eddy-BT disables RTS so that it stops receiving any further data from the
host when the buffer becomes full. RTS will be re-enabled again to begin receiving data from the host when
the buffer has created more room for more data.
When hardware flow control is not being used, the Eddy-BT clears the buffer to secure room for the next
data when the buffer becomes full. This can mean a loss of data may occur. As the transmission data
becomes large, the possibility of data loss becomes greater.
For large data transmissions, the use of hardware flow control is highly recommended. (Not support flow
control in Multi-Drop Mode.)
7.1.3 Configuration
All the slaves should be in the status of waiting for connection either in Mode 2 or Mode 3 and the master
unit tries to connect to the slave units. The master unit needs to be configured to work in a multiple
connection mode using AT+MULTI,x command, which makes master reboots after execution.
AT+MULTI,0 Single Connection Mode
AT+MULTI,1 Multi-Drop Mode
AT+MULTI,2 Node Switching Mode
ATD000195000001
CONNECT000195000001
+++
OK
ATD000195000002
CONNECT000195000002
+++
OK
ATD000195000003
CONNECT000195000003
Passive Active
ATS46=000195000001
OK
ATS54=000195000002
OK
ATS55=000195000003
OK
ATS56=000195000004
OK
AT+MULTI,1 or AT+MULTI,2
OK
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+++
OK
ATD000195000004
CONNECT000195000004
AT+BTMODE,1
After rebooted automatically
master tries to connect to slaves
+++
After input the BD addresses of the slave units into 4 S-registers S46, S54, S55 and S56 and then set operation
mode as MODE1, users can use multiple connection function. If S-registers have available slaves’ address, AUTO
CONNECT message will be displayed following corresponding TASK.
TASK1 OK – AUTO CONNECT
TASK2 OK
TASK3 OK – AUTO CONNECT
AT+MULTI,n
TASK4 OK
Select a multiple connection mode
AT+MLIST?
It shows the current mode, the connection status and the BD addresses of slaves.
at+mlist?
CURRENT MODE: MULTI DROP
TASK1 – 000195000001
TASK2 – 000195000002
TASK3 – DISCONNECT
TASK4 - 000195000004
66
ATHx, ATHbdaddr
Using the ATH command, connections with all slaves or only connections with specific slaves can be disconnected
selectively
ATH
ATHx (ATH1, ATH2, ATH3, ATH4)
ATHbdaddr (ATH000195000001)
Disconnect all the slaves.
Disconnect the slave which belongs to the TASK x.
Disconnect the slave with specified BD address.
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ATOx, ATObdaddr
Using the ATO command, the communication status with the last active slave or a specific slave
can be set to online (only in Node Switching Mode).
ATO
ATOx (ATO1, ATO2, ATO3, ATO4)
ATObdaddr (ATO000195000001)
7.1.4 AT Command
AT command
AT command set is a
HTHayesTH and is recognized by virtually all HTpersonal computerTH modems. Eddy-BT provides the extended AT command
set to control and configure the serial parameters and Bluetooth connection.
AT Response
Eddy-BT replies to AT commands with 4 kinds of message, ‘ OK ’ , ‘ ERROR ’ , ‘ CONNECT ’ and
‘DISCONNECT’.
Operation Mode
Mode
Communicate with the slave recently communicated.
Communicate with the slave which belongs to the TASK x.
Communicate with the slave with specified BDaddress.
HTin fact standardTH HTlanguageTH for controlling HTmodemsTH. The AT command set was developed by
Description
Mode 0
Mode 1
Mode 2
Mode 3
Waiting for AT commands
Attempting to connect to the last connected Bluetooth device
Waiting for a connection from the last connected Bluetooth device
Waiting for the connection from another Bluetooth device
Operation Status
Status
Standby
Pending
Connect
Description
Waiting for AT commands
Executing tasks
Transmitting data
Security
Security Description
Authentication
Encryption
Pin Code (or Pass key)
Data encryption
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Symbols
The symbols are used for the description of command syntax as follows:
Symbols Meaning
ASCII Code
112233445566 Bluetooth device address
N or m One digit decimal number
to Timeout in seconds
Command Category
Command Category Index AT Commands
RESET 1
SERIAL PORT 3
BLUETOOTH
Carriage return 0x0D
Line feed 0x0A
Carriage return + Line feed
ATZ
2
4
Information 5
6
7
8
9
10
AT&F
AT
AT+UARTCONFIG,b,p,s,h
AT+BTINFO?
AT+BTINQ?
AT+BTLAST?
AT+BTVER?
AT+BTRSSI,n
AT+MLIST?
68
Mode 11
12
Status 13
14
15
16
17
18
19
Connection 20
21
22
23
24
AT+BTMODE,n
AT+MULTI,n
+++
AT+SETESC,nn
ATO
AT+BTCANCEL
AT+BTSCAN
AT+BTSCAN,n,to
AT+BTSCAN112233445566,to
ATD
ATD112233445566
ATA
ATA112233445566
ATH
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Security 25
26
27
28
29
Miscellaneous 30
31
S-REGISTER 32
33
34
ATZ
Response OK
Purpose Software Reset
Description This has the same effects as Powercycling the unit.
This command disconnects any connected Bluetooth device, and stops ongoing
tasks. After rebooting, the status will be decided by the preset operation mode.
Some AT commands require the ATZ command be run so that the commands can
take effect.
AT+BTKEY=$string
AT+BTSD?
AT+BTCSD
AT+BTFP,n
AT+BTSEC,a,e
AT+BTNAME=$string
AT+BTLPM,n
AT&V
ATSnn?
ATSnn=mm
AT&F
Response OK
Purpose Hardware reset
Description This has the same effect as initialization by pressing the factory reset button.
All parameters are initialized to factory defaults
AT
Response OK
Purpose Check the connection status with host equipment
Description Check if the connection to host equipment is operating normally. The serial
parameters of Eddy-BT must be same as those of host equipment. If not, the Eddy-BT
will not respond or ‘ERROR’ message will appear or an abnormal sequence of
strings will appear.
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AT+UARTCONFIG,Baudrate,Parity,Stopbit,Hwfc
Response OK
Purpose Set Serial parameters
Parameters Baudrate=1200/2400/4800/9600/14400/19200/38400/57600/115200/230400/460800/9
21600 (Default=9600)
Parity=N/E/O (Default=N)
Stopbit=1/2 (Default=1)
Hwfc(Hardware Flow Control)=0/1 (Default=1)
Description The Serial parameters can be set or changed. The factory default is 9600, N, 1, 1.
To take effect the ATZ command must be used or Powercycle the unit.
Example AT+UARTCONFIF,115200,N,1,1
AT+BTINFO?
Response 112233445566,DeviceName,Mode,Status,Auth,Encryp,FlowControl
OK
Purpose Display Bluetooth settings
Description The current Bluetooth settings are displayed including BD address, Device name,
Operation mode, Operation status, Authentication, Data Encryption, and Hardware Flow
Control. The initial value of Device name is ‘ESD100V2_v2.0.0-445566’. ESD stands
for Eddy-BT, v2.0.0 for the version of firmware, and 445566 for the last 6 digits of BD
address.
Mode=MODE0/MODE1/MODE2/MODE3
Status=STANDBY/PENDING/CONNECT
Auth=0/1 (Authentication is not activated when 0)
Encrypt=0/1 (Encryption is not activated when 0)
FlowControl=HWFC/NoFC
AT+BTINQ?
Response 112233445566,FriendlyName,CoD
112233445566,FriendlyName,CoD
112233445566,FriendlyName,CoD
OK
Purpose Search Bluetooth devices nearby
Description The Bluetooth devices in Inquiry scan mode nearby are displayed with their BD
addresses, Device names, and Class of device.
Maximum 15 devices are scanned for 30 seconds. (Default 15 value in S-register 24)
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AT+BTLAST?
Response 112233445566
Purpose Display the BD address of the last connected device
Description The Bluetooth device last connected to this Eddy-BT is displayed with its BD
address.
AT+BTVER?
Response ESD100V2_v2.0.0
OK
Purpose Display device firmware version
Description Display device firmware version
AT+BTRSSI,n(Only Single Mode)
Response OK
0,255,0,0 (repeatedly)
Purpose Test signal strength
Parameters n=0: Stop signal strength test
n=1: Start signal strength test
Description When Bluetooth connection is established, you can use this command in Standby
status. The signal strength will be displayed repeatedly in order of Status,
LinkQuality, Status, RSSI. If the LinkQuality is close to 255 and RSSI is close to 0,
the signal strength is in good standing.
Example +++
AT+BTRSSI,1
OK
0,255,0,0
AT+MLIST?
Response CURRENT MODE:SINGLE CONNECTION MODE
OK
Purpose Display the current multiple connection mode and connected slave’s Bluetooth
addresses.
Description Display current mode(SINGLE CONNECTION MODE , MULTI-DROP MODE, NODE
SWITCHING MODE) and connected slave Bluetooth address.
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Example AT+MLIST?
CURRENT MODE: MULTI-DROP MODE
TASK1 000195000001
TASK2 DISCONNECT
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TASK3 DISCONNECT
TASK4 000195000004
AT+BTMODE,n
Response OK
Purpose Set operation mode
Parameters n=0: MODE0 (Default)
n=1: MODE1
n=2: MODE2
n=3: MODE3
Description When the operation status is ‘Pending’ currently, change the status to ‘Standby’
with AT+BTCANCEL prior to this command.
To take effect the ATZ must be executed or Powercycle the unit
Example AT+BTMODE,2
OK
ATZ
AT+MULTI,n
Response OK
Purpose Set multiple connection mode
Parameters n=0: Single Connection Mode (Default)
n=1: Multi-Drop Mode
n=2: Node Switching Mode
Description Set single connection mode, multi-drop mode or node switching mode.
+++
Response OK
Purpose Convert the operation status of ‘Connect’ to ‘Standby’
Description In ‘Connect’ status, data from host is transmitted to the other side Bluetooth device,
and any AT command is not accepted but this command, which is not echoed on the
screen.
When Eddy-BT encounters a character ‘+’ from host, it stops the data transmission
and waits for next 2 characters. If the next 2 characters aren’t both ‘+’, it restart to
transmit data including the first ‘+’ as well. If not, it converts the operation status to
‘Standby’.
If the data from host includes ‘+++’, it will convert the operation status to
‘Standby’. Notice that Eddy-BT holds data transmission when it encounters ‘+’,
until receiving next character.
‘+’ is an escape sequence character by default, which is changeable by
AT+SETESC.
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AT+SETESC,nn
Response OK
Purpose Change the escape sequence character
Description Escape sequence character set to ‘+’ by default is changeable.
The parameter nn must be a printable character.
Example AT+SETESC,42
ATO (ATOx, ATObdaddr)
Response None
Purpose Convert the operation status of ‘Standby’ to ‘Connect’
Description You can convert the operation status of ‘Standby’ to ‘Connect’ ready to transmit
data. In Node Switching mode, a specific slave can be specified to become an active
connection by specifying the connection number or the Bluetooth address.
Example ATO
ATO3
ATO000195000001
AT+BTCANCEL
Response OK
Purpose Terminate the current executing task
Description This terminates a current executing task, such as Inquiry scan and Page scan, then
converts the operation status to ‘Standby’
AT+BTSCAN
Response OK
CONNECT 112233445566
Purpose Wait for inquiry and connection from other Bluetooth devices
Description This allows the inquiry and connection from the other Bluetooth devices. The operation
status will be in ‘Pending’ after this command. When connection is made and
released, the operation status is back to ‘Pending’. To convert the operation status
to ‘Standby’ AT+BTCANCEL must be used.
This has the same effect as AT+BTSCAN,3,0.
When connection is made with other Bluetooth device, response will be ‘CONNECT’
with its BD address.
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AT+BTSCAN,n,to
Response OK
CONNECT 112233445566
or
OK
ERROR
Purpose Wait for inquiry and connection from other Bluetooth devices for a given duration
Parameters n=1: Allows Inquiry scan
n=2: Allows Page scan
n=3: Allows both of Inquiry scan and Page scan
to= Time duration in seconds
Description For the given to, Eddy-BT is waiting for the inquiry and connection from other Bluetooth
devices. If the parameter of to is 0, it will wait forever.
When connection is made with other Bluetooth device, response will be ‘CONNECT’
with its BD address. If there is no connection made within this time duration, response is
‘ERROR’ and the operation status becomes to ‘Standby’.
Example AT+BTSCAN,2,30
AT+BTSCAN112233445566,to
Response OK
CONNECT 112233445566
or
OK
ERROR
Purpose Wait for connection by the Bluetooth device with given BD address
Parameters 112233445566=BD address
to= time duration in seconds
Description Eddy-BT will wait to be connected to by the Bluetooth device with the given BD
address. If the parameter of to is 0, it will wait forever.
When connection is made with the Bluetooth device, response will be ‘CONNECT’
with its BD address. If there is no connection made within this time duration, response is
‘ERROR’ and the operation status becomes to ‘Standby’.
Example AT+BTSCAN000B530011FF,30
ATD
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Response OK
CONNECT 112233445566
or
OK
ERROR
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Purpose Connect to the last connected Bluetooth device
Description Eddy-BT saves the BD address of the Bluetooth device most recently connected to.
If it fails to make a connection, response will display an ‘ERROR’.
ATD112233445566
Response OK
CONNECT 112233445566
or
OK
ERROR
Purpose Connect to a specific Bluetooth device with a given BD address
Parameters 112233445566=BD address
Description Eddy-BT attempts to connect to the Bluetooth device with the given BD address. To
make successful connection, the Bluetooth device must be in Page scan mode. This
attempt continues for 5 minutes.
If it fails to make connection, response is ‘ERROR’.
Example ATD000B530011FF
ATA
Response OK
Start ACL Open
ACL Connect Success
Purpose ACL connect to the last connected Bluetooth device
Description If it make connection, response will display an ‘ACL Connect Success’. Must have
reboot for new ACL connection.
ATA112233445566
Response OK
Start ACL Open
ACL Connect Success
Purpose ACL connect to a specific Bluetooth device with a given BD address
Parameters 112233445566 = BD address
Description Eddy-BT attempts to ACL connect to the Bluetooth device with the given BD address.
To make successful ACL connection, the Bluetooth device must be in Page scan mode.
If it make connection, response will display an ‘ACL Connect Success’. Must have
reboot for new ACL connection.
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Example ATA0001950011FF
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TH (ATHx, ATHbdaddr)
Response OK
DISCONNECT
Purpose Release the current connection
Description The current Bluetooth connection will be disconnected. It takes about Supervision
Timeout(S37) to detect an abnormal disconnection such as power off and moving out of
service range. In multiple connection modes, a specific connection can be specified to
be disconnected by specifying the connection number or the Bluetooth address.
The response message of ‘DISCONNECT’ may be displayed on disconnection
depending on the disconnection condition. You can make it not displayed using S10
register.
Example ATH
ATH3
ATH000195000001
AT+BTKEY=$string
Response OK
Purpose Change pin code
Parameters $
Description Pin code is a string, which allows up to 16 alpha-numeric characters. Based on this pin
Example AT+BTKEY=”apple”
AT+BTSD?
Response 112233445566
Purpose Display a list of Bluetooth devices sharing the same pin code
Description Once a connection is made with a pin code, Eddy-BT saves the Bluetooth device with
AT+BTCSD
string
= New pin code (Default=”1234”)
code, Eddy-BT generates a link key which is used in actual authentication process
OK
its link key, generated by the pin code. The connection to a device listed in Eddy-BT can
be made automatically without the authentication process. The maximum number kept
on the list is 7.
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Response OK
Purpose Clear the list of Bluetooth devices sharing the same pin code
Description This clears the list of Bluetooth devices linked with the same key in flash memory. To
take effect the ATZ command must be used or Powercycle the unit.
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AT+BTFP,n
Response OK
Purpose Set generation of link key every time of connection
Parameters n=0: Inactivate (Default)
n=1: Activate
Description If n is set to 1, Eddy-BT asks for the pin code every time a connection is made. This can
be used to increase security.
AT+BTSEC,Authentication,Encryption
Response OK
Purpose Set authentication and data encryption
Parameters
Description If the authentication is activated, the pin code must be set by AT+BTKEY command.
AT+BTNAME=$
Response OK
Purpose Change device name
Parameters
Description Eddy-BT can have a user friendly name for easy identification. The name allows up to 30
Example AT+BTNAME=”My-Eddy-BT”
AT+BTLPM,n
Authentication
Authentication
Encryption
Encryption
Data encryption cannot be used when authentication is not enabled, i.e.
Authentication
string
$string
= New device name (Default=”ESDV2_v2.0.0-445566”)
alpha-numeric characters.
=0: Inactivate (Default)
=1: Activate
=0: Inactivate (Default)
=1: Activate
=0 and
Encryption
=1 will not work properly.
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Response OK
Purpose Set low power mode
Parameters n=0: Inactivate (Default)
n=1: Activate
Description During no data transmission, Eddy-BT can be in low power mode to save the power. It
takes a few seconds to wake the Eddy-BT out of low power mode.
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AT&V
Response S0:m0;S1:m1; …Sn:mn
OK
Purpose Display all the S-registers
Description All parameters are stored at S-register in flash memory. These values are sustained until
hardware reset.
Response S0:m0;S1:m1; …Sn:mn
OK
ATSnn?
Response value
OK
Purpose Display a given S-register
Parameters nn= Address of S-register
Description A specific S-register will be displayed.
ATSnn=mm
Response OK
Purpose Change S-register value
Parameters nn= Address of S-register
mm= New value of S-register
Description Some S-registers are optimized for the overall performance and protected and cannot
be changed. When users try to change these S-registers, response is ‘ERROR’.
For details of S-register, refer Appendix. B.
Example ATS10=0
Command Validity
AT Command
AT ○ ○
ATZ ○ ○
Standby Pending Connect
Operation Status
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AT&F ○ ○
AT+BINQ? ◎
ATD112233445566 ◎
ATD ◎
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ATA112233445566 ◎
ATA ◎
AT+BTSCAN ◎
AT+BTSCAN,n,to ◎
AT+BTSCAN112233445566,to ◎
AT+BTCANCEL ○
+++ ○
AT+SETESC ◎
ATO ●
ATH ●
AT+BTSEC,Auth,Encr ◎
AT+BTLAST? ○ ○
AT+BTMODEn ◎
AT+BTNAME=”Name” ◎
AT+BTKEY=”nnnn” ◎
AT+BTINFO? ○
AT+BTLPM,n ◎
AT+BTSD? ○ ○
AT+BTCSD ◎
AT+BTFP,n ◎
AT+UARTCONFIG,b,p,s,h ◎
AT+BTVER? ○ ○
AT+BTRSSI,n ●
◎ Valid only when Eddy-BT is not connected to other Bluetooth device.
● Valid only when Eddy-BT is connected to other Bluetooth device.
7.1.5 : S-Register
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S-registers contain 52 parameters for the Eddy-BT. These are stored in flash memory and the values will be saved
unless hardware reset is executed. The value of S-register can be accessed and changed with ATS command. Some
S-registers not shown below are set to maximize the performance of Eddy-BT. Thus it is not recommended to
change these S-registers.
Change the value of S-register only in Standby status. Turn Eddy-BT off and on.
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S1: Force to Reconnect (default 1)
S1=0, Eddy-BT in Mode1 does not try to reconnect when disconnected.
S1=1, Eddy-BT in Mode1 keeps trying to reconnect when disconnected.
S3: Stream UART Policy (default 0)
S3=0, the priority of UART streaming is throughput.
S3=1, the priority is latency, which minimizes the delay of data transmission. This is useful in case of transmitting very
small data quickly.
When this value is 1, in order to minimize latency, Eddy-BT sends the received data immediately. When this value is
0, the Eddy-BT maximizes throughput, the Eddy-BT stores received data for a short time and sends a large data
packet. If the packet length is less than 100 bytes, having latency being the priority is recommended. If the packet
length is more than 100 bytes, having throughput as the priority is recommended. Also, if you want to use high baud
rate, throughput priority will be more effective. Just for reference, the buffer length for receiving data is 2 Kbytes.
S4: Enable Remote Name Query (default 1)
S4=0, Eddy-BT will query only the BD address. This speeds up the inquiry process.
S4=1, Eddy-BT will query the BD address, device name and class of device.
When this value is 1, Eddy-BT finds not only BD address but also friendly name. When this value is 0, Eddy-BT finds
only BD address. When set to 0 this will make queries much faster. When using the pairing button, finding friendly
name will be omitted automatically.
S6: Enable Low Power Mode (default 0)
S6=0, deactivate Low Power Mode.
S6=1, activate Low Power Mode.
This value decides whether Eddy-BT works in Low Power Mode or not. When this value is 0, Eddy-BT works only in
active power mode. When this value is 1, Eddy-BT will be in low power mode to save the power. Therefore, it takes a
few seconds to wake the Eddy-BT out of low power mode.
S10: Enable Response Message (default 1)
S10=0, Eddy-BT does not send response messages to the host system.
S10=1, Eddy-BT sends response messages to host system.
This value decides whether Eddy-BT sends response messages such as OK, ERROR, CONNECT, DISCONNECT or
not. When this value is 0, Eddy-BT will not send any response messages. If the response messages conflicts with
your host programs or devices that is connected to Eddy-BT, change this value to 0.
S11: Enable Escape (default 1)
S11=0, Eddy-BT does not allow escape sequence characters. The operation status of Connect cannot be changed
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to Standby. Since the Eddy-BT skips the process of detecting escape sequence characters, more efficient data
transmission can be had.
S11=1, Eddy-BT allows for the escape sequence character. Whenever it is needed, the Connect status can be
changed to Standby.
S12: Clear Data Buffer When Disconnected (default 0)
S12=0, Eddy-BT does not clear the data buffer received from host system when disconnected.
S12=1, Eddy-BT clears the data buffer when disconnected.
S13: Enable DCD Signal (default 1)
S13=0, DCD signal off
S13=1, DCD signal on
S14: Enable DTR Transfer (default 1
S14=0, DTR/DSR signal is transferred in a loop-back fashion..
S14=1, DTR signal is transferred to DSR of remote device.
S15: Enable Disconnect by DTR (default 0)
S15=0, DTR signal cannot release the connection.
S15=1, The Bluetooth connection can be released when DTR signal is off.
This value decides whether Bluetooth connection is released when DTR signal drops or not. If this value is 1, you can
use DTR signal in order to disconnect Bluetooth connection.
S22: Faster Connection (default 3)
S22=0, none
S22=1, page scan
S22=2, inquiry scan
S22=3, page/inquiry scan
Connecting time is average 1.5sec faster than normal mode.
S23: Intercharacter Timeout Setting (default 0)
S23=0 : Not used
S23=1 : 1 x S26
S23=2 : 10 x S26
S23=3 : 100 x S26
S24: Maximum Number of Inquiry Result (default 15)
The maximum number of inquiry list can be controlled. This value is up to 15.
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S26: Intercharacter Timeout (default 0)
This value describes time interval between characters used to separate the data from serial port. If there is no more
data coming from serial port in this value, data is sent to client.
S23=1 x S26=50 : Timeout-> 50msec
S23=2 x S26=50 : Timeout-> 500msec
S23=3 x S26=3 : Timeout-> 300msec
Inter Character Time Out * Optimal Value(S23 x S26)
50ms 180
100ms 235
200ms 340
* When 10 bytes data are sent every intercharacter timeout, they are sent separately by 10 bytes at the optimal
value. If the intercharater timeout is set below the optimal value, the data will be put together and sent by 20, 30, 40
bytes or more.
S28: Escape Sequence Character (default 43)
The decimal number of the ASCII code of escape sequence character can be controlled. The initial value is 43, the
ASCII code of ‘+’.
S31: Page Timeout (default 20)
This is the timeout in seconds to attempt connection with the ATD command. After this timeout expires, the Eddy-BT
will restart automatically. If this value is 0, Eddy-BT will attempt to connect without restarting
S33: Inquiry Timeout (default 30)
This is the timeout in seconds to execute inquiry scan.
S37: Supervision Timeout (default 5)
This is the timeout to presume disconnection, which is set to 5 seconds initially. The smaller the value becomes, the
more quickly Eddy-BT can detect an abnormal disconnection. But when the communication is suspended, it may be
regarded as disconnection. This value should be greater than the Slave Disconnect Timeout(S57). (Slave unit
depends on the value of master unit.)
S43: COD (default 001F00)
This value describes the sort of the bluetooth device and is editable.
S44: COD Filter (default 0)
This value is used to filter the sort of the bluetooth devices on inquiring. All the bluetooth devices are inquired in case
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of 0. In case of 3E0100, bluetooth devices with COD 3E0100 are inquired.
S45: Inquiry Access Code (default 0x9E8B33)
Inquiry access code is used during inquiry state. The reserved IAC addresses are 0x9E8B00 ~ 0x9E8B3F. The
general inquiry IAC is 0x9E8B33.
Eddy-BT is able to find the Bluetooth devices that are configured as the same IAC.
S46: BD Address of Last Connected Device
This saves the BD address of the Bluetooth device connected most recently in single connection mode. This saves
the Task1 BD address of the Bluetooth device connected most recently in a multiple connection mode.
S48: Low Power Max Interval (default 5000)
This is the max interval value to use low power mode, which is set to 5000 initially. (5000 x
625μsec = 3125msec)
S49: Low Power Min Interval (default 4500)
This is the min interval value to use low power mode, which is set to 4500 initially. (4500 x
625μsec = 2812msec)
A small interval increases power consumption, a large interval increases latency.
S52: Low Power Timeout (default 5)
This is the low power timeout value, which is set to 5 initially. (5sec)
During no data transmission in the timeout, Eddy-BT will be in low power mode to save the power.
Therefore, it takes a few seconds to wake the Eddy-BT out of low power mode.
S54: BD Address of Last Connected Device
This saves the Task2 BD address of the Bluetooth device connected most recently in a multiple connection mode.
S55: BD Address of Last Connected Device
This saves the Task3 BD address of the Bluetooth device connected most recently in a multiple connection mode.
S56: BD Address of Last Connected Device
This saves the Task4 BD address of the Bluetooth device connected most recently in a multiple connection mode.
S57: Slave Disconnect Timeout (default 3)
This S57 register value defines the time period in seconds that a master unit waits in case a slave unit does not
receive the data sent from the master. For this time period, the master unit will not send data to all slave units if any
slave unit does not receive the data. If the slave unit does not receive the data after this time period elapses, the
master unit will disconnect the connection with the problematic slave unit. The value should be greater than 0 and
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smaller than the Supervision Timeout(S37).
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S58: MAX TX POWER (default 0)
This value describes the peak output power. Setting this causes rebooting and applying. (There is
a little deviation according to the devices.)
Parameter dBm
0 Use chip setting.
1 -12
2 -8
3 -4
4 0
5 4
6 8
7 12
8 16
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7.2 Firmware Updates via FTP
Eddy supports firmware update with Web or FTP. This section describes update method via FTP and Telnet. Web
update is described in
1) Connect to Eddy with FTP, using correct username and password. (Default: eddy, 99999999)
2) Issue a command ‘bin’ for binary file transfer mode. Optionally use ‘hash’ to see the data transfer
mark.
3) Issue ‘put’ command upload the firmware file.
4) After getting a ‘Transfer complete’ message, issue a command ‘quit’ or ‘bye’ to disconnect.
Now we are ready to update the firmware.
Chapter 5. Configuration via Web.
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Firmware updates via FTP
5) Connect to Eddy with Telnet, using correct username and password. (Default: eddy, 99999999)
6) After the login, you are already at the default directory where the firmware resides. Update can start right
away.
7) Issue a command ‘ls’ to make sure firmware files are both successfully uploaded.
8) Use ‘upgrade’ command to write this file into Eddy’s Flash memory. Upgrade application
automatically detects whether the given firmware is kernel or file system.
9) Usage: upgrade <firmware filename> (Filename is case-sensitive.)
10) Make sure ‘Flash Write OK’ and ‘Flash Verify OK’ messages are displayed.
11) Enter ‘reboot’ to restart Eddy. Now Eddy will run with the new firmware.
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7.3 Ordering Information
Product Version Descriptions
Eddy-CPU 2.1 Embedded CPU Module
Eddy-CPU 2.5 Embedded CPU Module
Eddy-DK 2.1 Eddy V2.1 Development Kit
Eddy-S4M 2.1 Embedded CPU Module (Mini PCI Type)
Eddy-S4M-DK 2.1 Eddy-S4M v2.1 Development Kit
Eddy-S4M-JIG 2.1 Eddy-S4M v2.1 JIG Board
Eddy-WiFi 2.1 802.11 b/g WiFi Module
Eddy-BT 2.1 Bluetooth Module
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7.4 FCC Statement
THIS DEVICE COMPLIES WITH PART 15 OF THE FCC FULES. OPERATION IS SUBJECT TO
THE FOLLOWING TWO CONDITIONS:
1) THIS DEVICE MAY NOT CAUSE HARMFUL INTERFERENCE.
2) THIS DEVICE MUST ACCEPT ANY INTERFERENCE RECEIVED.
3) INCLUDING INTERFERENCE THAT MAY CAUSE UNDESIRED OPERATION.
FCC RF
INTERFERENCE STATEMENT
NOTE:
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to part 15
of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the
equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio
frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual, may cause harmful
interference to radio communications.
Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference in which case the user will be
required to correct the interference at his own expense.
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