HglPj‘¢hJ
1 H™Vah¬HJ 4
1.1 lŒ¬lm 4
1.2 ¬g¢G Hgjug¢lhJ 4
1.3 HBsjO¬HL HglŒw‘¬ 4
1.4 Hgjug¢lhJ Hguhlm ggsblm 5
1.5 lsC‘g¢m ¥§m Hgjwk¢v 7
1.6 HgjOgW lK Hg¥§h« 7
2 Hg‘wT 8
2.1 ‘wT Hglkjµ 8
2.2 ‘wT H®¥«Hx 9
2.3 HglgPŒhJ HgŒ¢hs¢m 01
3 HBsjO¬HL 11
3.1 rfG •‘G HsjO¬HL 11
3.2 j¥l¢v Hg¥sL HgVHf¨ ggl…Vlm 11
3.3 jV”¢F HglgPR fhgOb¨ Hgul‘¬D 31
3.4 HsjO¬HL lgPR tVL H®¨ulm Hglju¬¬M 51
3.5 HsjO¬HL lgPR Pa‘ HgkŒhkR 61
3.6 HsjO¬HL lgPR Pa‘ HgkŒhkR 71
4 Hgjk±¢T ‘HgVUh¢m 81
4.1 jPĢV 81
4.2 jk±¢T H®s¨p 81
4.3 jk±¢T lgPR l…Vlm H®¨ulm Hglju¬¬M 81
914776631/F
kkwp fŒVHxM £ƒH Hg¬g¢G ¥¢¬H‰ P¢E ¢Pj‘D Ugn ”htm Hgjug¢lhJ Hgl¨g‘fm ggP…h± Ugn Hgl±§V Hg¥lhgd gg¥§h« ‘w¢hkm Owhzwi Hg‘±¢…¢m.
ggl«¢¬ lK Hglug‘lhJ UK Hglkjµ.
j…qg‘H f«¢hVM Hgl‘rv H™g”jV‘kd: moc.gems.www.
jPj…± ¥§m Hgjwk¢v fPŒ§h td î¥VHx •¢m jy¢¢VHJ jujfV l…¢¬M gjPs¢K lkj¥hj§h ¬‘K îO¨hV lsfR.
3
H™Vah¬HJ
1.2 ¬g¢G Hgjug¢lhJ
¢ujfV ¬g¢G HglsjO¬L £ƒH ¥«x‰h l½”lb glgPR l…Vlm
H®¨ulm Hglju¬¬M’ ‘fhgjhgd ¢¥F HBPj…h± fi ”hlb‰
‘td Hgljkh‘G ObG tjVM UlG Hgl…Vlm.
1.3 HBsjO¬HL HglŒw‘¬
• w½lL lgPR l…Vlm HB¨ulm Hglju¬¬M Ow¢wh
gbsjO¬HL Hglk«gd.
• ¢¥F HsjO¬HL Hgl…Vlm tŒ¨ lv HgOb¨ Hgul‘¬D
HgƒD jkj¥i k…S HgaV”m Hglw½kum.
• ¢¥F HsjO¬HL lgPR l…Vlm H®¨ulm Hglju¬¬M
¬HOG Hglkh«G.
• ¢l”K HsjO¬HL lgPR l…Vlm H®¨ulm Hglju¬¬M
g…VL HggP‘L ‘Hg¥fK ‘Hgl”sVHJ ¬‘K HglPhV
‘Hgsl“ ‘HgOf« Hg¥hT îgo gwkv •k‘Hc U¬¢¬M
lK HglPqVHJ HgyƒHz¢m leG Pa‘HJ HgŒ¨hzT
‘HgfŒslh¨ ‘Hgu¥¢km îgo.
• ¢l”K HsjO¬HL Hgl…Vlm gPa‘ HgkŒhkR •‘ gulG
Hg”fm.
• ¢P±V HsjO¬HL lgPR l…Vlm H®¨ulm Hglju¬¬M
®¢m •YVHQ •OVD Y¢V H®sjO¬HlhJ
Hgl½Owwm g§h.
• B ¢slp fhsjO¬HL lgPR l…Vlm H®¨ulm Hglju¬¬M
lK rfG H®aOhW ƒ‘D HgŒ¬VM Hg¥s¬¢m •‘
HgPs¢m •‘ HguŒg¢m HglP¬‘¬M )flh td ƒg“
H®¨…hG(’ •‘ llK ¢…jŒV‘K îgn HgOfVM ‘HgluVtm
lh gL ¢jL ƒg“ jPJ îaVHT •‘ îVah¬ Hgfhgy¢K
HglsC‘g¢K UK sblm £CBx.
1 H™Vah¬HJ
1.1 lŒ¬lm
lug‘lhJ £hlm gglsjO¬L:
HgVl‘« HglsjO¬lm
lug‘lhJ Uhlm P‘G Hg¬g¢G ‘Hgsblm
‘HgjOgW Hgk§hzd lK Hg¥§h«.
Hg‘wT
‘wT l…Vlm H®¨ulm Hglju¬¬M.
HBsjO¬HL
HsjO¬HL l…Vlm H®¨ulm
Hgjk±¢T ‘HgVUh¢m
Hglug‘lhJ HgljugŒm fhgjk±¢T HglkhsF
‘HgP…h± Ugn lgPR l…Vlm H®¨ulm Hglju¬¬M.
jPĢVHJ Hgsblm
lug‘lhJ
kwhzp
4
H™Vah¬HJ
1.4 Hgjug¢lhJ Hguhlm ggsblm
jujfV ¨hP‘km Hg¨uhL Hglju¬¬ lK lgPŒhJ HgOb¨
HgV•sd.
¢¥F Hjfhc ”htm jug¢lhJ HgsblhJ gbsjO¬HL H·lK
glgPR l…Vlm H®¨ulm Hglju¬¬M.
• ¢¥F rVHxM ¬g¢G Hgl…Vlm ‘Hg¬g¢G HglgPR lv
HgOb¨ Hgul‘¬D fukh¢m’ rfG HsjO¬HL Hgl…Vlm.
• ¢P±V HsjO¬HL Hg¥§h« Uk¬ P¬‘E jgT td sg“
Hg”§Vfhx •‘ HglŒfS •‘ fu¬ ju¨G ‘±hzT Hg¥§h«
•‘ Uk¬ sŒ‘¨i •‘ jg…i f¶D sfF ”hK. ‘¢kwp
fhgj‘¥i fhg¥§h« îgn •rVF lk…ƒ O¬lm lujl¬
gg…PW •‘ H™wb– •‘ î¥VHx Hgju¬¢bJ
Hgb«lm.
• td Phgm ‘¥‘¬ U¨G fhg¥§h« ¢¥F î¥VHx •UlhG
H™wb– Ugn ¢¬ tkd ljOwW tŒ¨.
• ¢lkv HsjO¬HL H®¨…hG g§ƒH Hg¥§h«. qv Hg¥§h«
‘sg”i fu¢¬H UK ljkh‘G H®¨…hG.
• HPVW Ugn twG Hg¥§h« lK lk…ƒ Hgj¢hV
Hg”§Vfhzd Uk¬I jV”i ‘rfG j¥l¢ui •‘ t”i •‘
jk±¢…i.
• ¢ŒjwV HsjO¬HL Hg¥§h« Ugn H®¨…hG H®”fV lK
8 sk‘HJ tlh •”fV faV¨ ‘¥‘¬£L jPJ îaVHT
•‘ j‘¥¢i f”¢…¢m HBsjO¬HL H·lK lK rfG aOW
”f¢V’ ‘ƒg“ îK ”hk‘H ¢¬V”‘K lOh¨V £ƒH
HBsjO¬HL.
• ¢lkv r¢hL H®¨…hG fjk±¢T Hg¥§h« ‘w¢hkji îB
îK ”hk‘H •”fV lK 8 sk‘HJ tlh t‘R ‘jPJ
îaVHT aOW fhg».
5
H™Vah¬HJ
• ¢P±V HsjO¬HL l‘H¬ jk±¢T wgfm •‘ •¬‘HJ Ph¬M
gysG •‘ î«Hgm fŒh¢h H®¨ulm lK Hg‘Uhx
‘H®¬‘HJ ‘lgPR l…Vlm H®¨ulm Hglju¬¬M.
• VHrF H®¨…hG gqlhK U¬L Ufe§L fhg¥§h«.
• •‘rT jay¢G HgOb¨ Hgul‘¬D rfG jV”¢F lgPR
l…Vlm H®¨ulm Hglju¬¬M •‘ î«Hgji.
• ¢P±V î«Hgm lgPR l…Vlm H®¨ulm Hglju¬¬M •ekhx
jay¢G HgOb¨ Hgul‘¬D’ FFO‘HPVW Ugn
•K ¢”‘K lP¬¬ HgsVUm Ugn ‘qv )hT
jay¢G(.
• HjV“ lgPR l…Vlm H®¨ulm Hglju¬¬M gjfV¬ rfG
Ulg¢m Hgjk±¢T.
• ¢P±V HsjO¬HL l‘H¬ Hgjk±¢T Hgwgfm •‘
Hg”ha¨hJ HgPh¬M Uk¬ jk±¢T lgPR l…Vlm
H®¨ulm Hglju¬¬M.
• ¢P±V ‘qv •¢m •¬‘HJ t‘R lgPR l…Vlm
H®¨ulm Hglju¬¬M.
BsjO¬HL Hg¥§h« ‘lgPR l…Vlm H®¨ulm Hglju¬¬M
• HtwG Hg¥§h« lK lŒfS Hg”§Vfhx fu¬ HsjO¬Hli
‘rfG jk±¢…i.
•
¢P±V HsjO¬HL lgPR l…Vlm H®¨ulm Hglju¬¬M td
Phgm jgT sg“ Hg¨hrm •‘ HgŒhfS’ •‘ td Phgm sŒ‘¨
HgOb¨ Hgul‘¬D •‘ jg…i f¶D a”G lK H®a”hG.
• ¢P±V HsjO¬HL lgPR l…Vlm H®¨ulm Hglju¬¬M
td PhG jg…§h.
• ¢P±V jV“ lgPR l…Vlm H®¨ulm Hglju¬¬M ¬‘K
lVHrfm •ekhx jay¢g§h.
• ¢P±V î¥VHx •¢m ju¬¢bJ Ugd Hgl…Vlm.
• j¥kF lPh‘gm îwb– Hgl…Vlm fk…s“ •‘ ¬‘K
H®sjuhkm f…kd ljOwW.
• ¢P±V jV”¢F •‘ î«Hgm •‘ Hsjf¬HG HglgPŒhJ
HgŒ¢hs¢m lv r…G H®lhK Hgl…w‘G )V•S Hgl‘j‘V
HglkO…qm(.
• j¥kF HsjO¬HL ¢¬¢“ g¬tv Hg¨uhL ¬HOG Hgw¢k¢m.
‘HsjO¬L lgPR ¬tv Hg¨uhL HglOwW gƒg“.
• •rVHW ‘•¬HM jŒ¨¢v Hgl…Vlm Ph¬M’ gƒH j‘— HgPƒV
Uk¬ HgjuhlG lu§h.
• j¥kF HsjO¬HL •whfu“ ™«Hgm f‘Hrd Hg¨uhL lK
HBs¨‘HkhJ îƒH ”hK Hg¥§h« l‘w‘B fhgj¢hV
Hg”§Vfhzd •‘ r¢¬ Hgjay¢G. O¨V H™whfm
f¥V‘–!
• ¢kfyd •B jPj‘D H®¨ulm Ugn Pwn •‘ fƒ‘V •‘
•¢m l‘H¬ wgfm •OVN.
• ¬c Hg¨uhL Hgl¨§d g¢fV¬ rfG jŒ¨u¢i’ k±VH ®K
HgŒ‘HL H®”eV sl”h s¢u¨¢“ kjhzµ •tqG.
• j¥kF glS H®¥«Hx HgljPV”m •ekhx UlG Hg¥§h«.
HP…± Hg¢¬¢K ‘HgauV ‘HglbfS ‘HglbUR
‘H®a¢hx H®OVD fu¢¬H UK Hgl…Vlm’ gj¥kF
H™whfm HgaOw¢m •‘ jgT HgOb¨ Hgul‘¬D
‘lgPR l…Vlm H®¨ulm Hglju¬¬M.
• HjV“ Hg¥§h« g¢fV¬ rfG jk±¢…i.
• HsjO¬HL HglgPŒhJ H®wg¢m Hgjd jŒ¬l§h HgaV”m
Hglwkum ‘j‘tV£h. ¢l”K •K ¢C¬D HsjO¬HL
l”‘khJ ‘•‘Hkd ‘lgPŒhJ Y¢V •wg¢m îgd
îwhfhJ aOw¢m •‘ jgT HgOb¨ Hgul‘¬D
‘lgPR l…Vlm H®¨ulm Hglju¬¬M.
6
H™Vah¬HJ
1.6 HgjOgW lK Hg¥§h«
¢¥F H® ¢jL HgjOgW lK Hg¥§h« lv Hgk…h¢hJ
Hglk«g¢m! gbljehG ggjaV¢uhJ Hglul‘G f§h’ ¢kfyd
kŒG H®¥§«M HgŒ¬¢lm Hgjd ‘wgJ k§h¢m tjVM
wbP¢j§h ‘UlV£h HBtjVHqd îgn lVtR Hgk…h¢hJ
”d jwkT £kh“ P¢E ¢l”K f§ƒI Hg¨V¢Œm îUh¬M
j¬‘¢V •D •¥«Hx ƒHJ r¢lm l‘¥‘¬M fh®¥§«M HgŒ¬¢lm
llh ¢shU¬ Ugn Plh¢m Hgf¢zm ¢l”K ggsg¨hJ HglPg¢m
Hgluk¢m •‘ lsC‘gd HgjOgW lK Hgk…h¢hJ jŒ¬¢L
Hgl«¢¬ lK Hglug‘lhJ td £ƒH Hga¶K.
jyg¢T lgPR Hgl…Vlm fl‘H¬ Y¢V lg‘em ‘rhfgm ™Uh¬M
Hgj¬‘¢V.
• HgjOgW lK l‘H¬ Hgjyg¢T td lVtR Hgk…h¢hJ
HglkhsF.
Hguf‘HJ Hgfbsj¢”¢m
O¨V HBOjkhR
• j¥kF jV“ Uf‘M Hg¥§h« •‘ •D ¥«x lk§h ¬‘K
Ukh¢m.
• B jslp g©¨…hG fhgguF fh®”¢hS Hgfbsj¢”¢m.
1.5 lsC‘g¢m ¥§m Hgjwk¢v
B jjPlG ¥§m Hgjwk¢v lsC‘g¢m P¬‘E îwhfhJ
aOw¢m •‘ jgT Hglljg”hJ Hgkh¥L Ulh ¢gd:
• HsjO¬HL lgPR l…Vlm H®¨ulm Hglju¬¬M ®YVHQ
Y¢V Hgjd w½kuJ ®¥g§h.
• U¬L rVHxM ¬g¢G HglsjO¬L
• HgufE f¶D ¥«x lK •¥«Hx lgPR l…Vlm H®¨ulm
Hglju¬¬M.
• HsjO¬HL r¨v Y¢hV Y¢V •wg¢m.
• U¬L Hjfhc jug¢lhJ Hgsblm
7
Hg‘wT
2 Hg‘wT
2.1 ‘wT Hglkjµ
10GMMS- lgPR l…Vlm H®¨ulm Hglju¬¬M
8 lgPR l«‘¬ gPa‘ HgkŒhkR ‘UlG Hg”fm
9 lgPR Hg”fm
01 lgPR Pa‘ HgkŒhkR
11 lgPR g¬tv Hg¨uhL l«‘¬ fy¨hx
21 l…jh– gVf¨ wl‘gm Hgjef¢J Hg¬HzV¢m
31 g‘gF qf¨ Hgjyƒ¢m
41 ‘Uhx •‘ w¢k¢m Hg¨uhL l«‘¬M fy¨hx
1 Hg¥sL HgVHf¨ gl…Vlm H®¨ulm Hglju¬¬M
2 •¬HM HgjŒ¨¢v
3 rVW Hgl…Vlm gg…VL HgOaK
4 rVW Hgl…Vlm gg…VL Hg‘s¨d
5 rVW Hgl…Vlm gg…VL HgkhUL
6 HglgPR Hgs¢g”‘K gjk±¢T H®rVHW HgkhUlm
‘Hg‘s¨¢m ggl…Vlm
7 wl‘gm jef¢J ¬HzV¢m
8