◆ Layer 2/3/4 CoS support through four priority queues
◆ Full support for VLANs with GVRP
◆ IGMP multicast filtering and snooping
◆ Support for jumbo frames up to 9 KB
◆ Manageable via console, Web, SNMP/RMON
Management Guide
SMC8612T
TigerSwitch 10/100/1000
Management Guide
From SMC’s Tiger line of feature-rich workgroup LAN solutions
38 Tesla
Irvine, CA 92618
Phone: (949) 679-8000
July 2003
Pub. # 150200034800A
Information furnished by SMC Networks, Inc. (SMC) is believed to
be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by
SMC for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights
of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted
by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of
SMC. SMC reserves the right to change specifications at any time
without notice.
SMC is a registered trademark; and EZ Switch, TigerStack and TigerSwitch are trademarks of
SMC Networks, Inc. Other product and company names are trademarks or registered
trademarks of their respective holders.
L
IMITED
Limited Warranty Statement: SMC Networks, Inc. (“SMC”) warrants its products
to be free from defects in workmanship and materials, under normal use and
service, for the applicable warranty term. All SMC products carry a standard 90-day
limited warranty from the date of purchase from SMC or its Authorized Reseller.
SMC may, at its own discretion, repair or replace any product not operating as
warranted with a similar or functionally equivalent product, during the applicable
warranty term. SMC will endeavor to repair or replace any product returned under
warranty within 30 days of receipt of the product.
The standard limited warranty can be upgraded to a Limited Lifetime* warranty by
registering new products within 30 days of purchase from SMC or its Authorized
Reseller. Registration can be accomplished via the enclosed product registration
card or online via the SMC web site. Failure to register will not affect the standard
limited warranty. The Limited Lifetime warranty covers a product during the Life of
that Product, which is defined as the period of time during which the product is an
“Active” SMC product. A product is considered to be “Active” while it is listed on
the current SMC price list. As new technologies emerge, older technologies become
obsolete and SMC will, at its discretion, replace an older product in its product line
with one that incorporates these newer technologies. At that point, the obsolete
product is discontinued and is no longer an “Active” SMC product. A list of
discontinued products with their respective dates of discontinuance can be found
at:
http://www.smc.com/index.cfm?action=customer_service_warranty.
All products that are replaced become the property of SMC. Replacement products
may be either new or reconditioned. Any replaced or repaired product carries
either a 30-day limited warranty or the remainder of the initial warranty, whichever
is longer. SMC is not responsible for any custom software or firmware,
configuration information, or memory data of Customer contained in, stored on, or
integrated with any products returned to SMC pursuant to any warranty. Products
returned to SMC should have any customer-installed accessory or add-on
components, such as expansion modules, removed prior to returning the product
for replacement. SMC is not responsible for these items if they are returned with the
product.
Customers must contact SMC for a Return Material Authorization number prior to
returning any product to SMC. Proof of purchase may be required. Any product
returned to SMC without a valid Return Material Authorization (RMA) number
clearly marked on the outside of the package will be returned to customer at
customer’s expense. For warranty claims within North America, please call our
toll-free customer support number at (800) 762-4968. Customers are responsible for
all shipping charges from their facility to SMC. SMC is responsible for return
shipping charges from SMC to customer.
WARRANTIES EXCLUSIVE: IF AN SMC PRODUCT DOES NOT OPERATE AS
WARRANTED ABOVE, CUSTOMER’S SOLE REMEDY SHALL BE REPAIR OR
REPLACEMENT OF THE PRODUCT IN QUESTION, AT SMC’S OPTION. THE
W
ARRANTY
v
L
IMITED WARRANTY
FOREGOING WARRANTIES AND REMEDIES ARE EXCLUSIVE AND ARE IN LIEU
OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, EITHER
IN FACT OR BY OPERATION OF LAW, STATUTORY OR OTHERWISE, INCLUDING
WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A
PARTICULAR PURPOSE. SMC NEITHER ASSUMES NOR AUTHORIZES ANY OTHER
PERSON TO ASSUME FOR IT ANY OTHER LIABILITY IN CONNECTION WITH
THE SALE, INSTALLATION, MAINTENANCE OR USE OF ITS PRODUCTS. SMC
SHALL NOT BE LIABLE UNDER THIS WARRANTY IF ITS TESTING AND
EXAMINATION DISCLOSE THE ALLEGED DEFECT IN THE PRODUCT DOES NOT
EXIST OR WAS CAUSED BY CUSTOMER’S OR ANY THIRD PERSON’S MISUSE,
NEGLECT, IMPROPER INSTALLATION OR TESTING, UNAUTHORIZED ATTEMPTS
TO REPAIR, OR ANY OTHER CAUSE BEYOND THE RANGE OF THE INTENDED
USE, OR BY ACCIDENT, FIRE, LIGHTNING, OR OTHER HAZARD.
LIMITATION OF LIABILITY: IN NO EVENT, WHETHER BASED IN CONTRACT OR
TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE), SHALL SMC BE LIABLE FOR INCIDENTAL,
CONSEQUENTIAL, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, OR PUNITIVE DAMAGES OF ANY KIND,
OR FOR LOSS OF REVENUE, LOSS OF BUSINESS, OR OTHER FINANCIAL LOSS
ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SALE, INSTALLATION,
MAINTENANCE, USE, PERFORMANCE, FAILURE, OR INTERRUPTION OF ITS
PRODUCTS, EVEN IF SMC OR ITS AUTHORIZED RESELLER HAS BEEN ADVISED
OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
SOME STATES DO NOT ALLOW THE EXCLUSION OF IMPLIED WARRANTIES OR
THE LIMITATION OF INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES FOR
CONSUMER PRODUCTS, SO THE ABOVE LIMITATIONS AND EXCLUSIONS MAY
NOT APPLY TO YOU. THIS WARRANTY GIVES YOU SPECIFIC LEGAL RIGHTS,
WHICH MAY VARY FROM STATE TO STATE. NOTHING IN THIS WARRANTY
SHALL BE TAKEN TO AFFECT YOUR STATUTORY RIGHTS.
* SMC will provide warranty service for one year following discontinuance from the
active SMC price list. Under the limited lifetime warranty, internal and external
power supplies, fans, and cables are covered by a standard one-year warranty from
date of purchase.
The TigerSwitch 10/100/1000 includes a built-in network
management agent. The agent offers a variety of management
options, including SNMP, RMON and a Web-based interface. A PC
may also be connected directly to the switch for configuration and
monitoring via a command line interface (CLI).
Note: The IP address for this switch is assigned via DHCP by
default. To change this address, see “Setting an IP Address”
on page 1-7.
The switch’s HTTP Web agent allows you to configure switch
parameters, monitor port connections, and display statistics
graphically using a standard Web browser such as Netscape
Navigator version 6.2 and higher or Microsoft IE version 5.0 and
higher. The switch’s Web management interface can be accessed
from any computer attached to the network.
1
The switch’s management agent is based on SNMP (Simple
Network Management Protocol). This SNMP agent permits the
switch to be managed from any system in the network using
management software.
The CLI program can be accessed by a direct connection to the
RS-232 serial console port on the switch, or remotely by a Telnet
connection over the network.
1-1
S
WITCH MANAGEMENT
The switch’s CLI configuration program, Web interface, and SNMP
agent allow you to perform the following management functions:
•Set user names and passwords for up to 16 users
•Set an IP interface for a management VLAN
•Configure SNMP parameters
•Enable/disable any port
•Set the speed/duplex mode for any port
•Configure up to 255 IEEE 802.1Q VLANs
•Enable GVRP automatic VLAN registration
•Configure IGMP multicast filtering
•Upload and download of system firmware via TFTP
•Upload and download of switch configuration files via TFTP
•Configure Spanning Tree parameters
•Configure Class of Service (CoS) priority queuing
•Configure up to six static or LACP trunks
•Enable jumbo frame support
•Enable port mirroring
•Set broadcast storm control on any port
•Display system information and statistics
1-2
C
ONNECTING TO THE SWITCH
Required Connections
The switch provides an RS-232 serial port that enables a
connection to a PC or terminal for monitoring and configuring the
switch. A null-modem console cable is provided with the switch.
Attach a VT100-compatible terminal, or a PC running a terminal
emulation program to the switch. You can use the console cable
provided with this package, or use a null-modem cable that
complies with the wiring assignments shown in Appendix C.
To connect a terminal to the console port, complete the following
steps:
1. Connect the console cable to the serial port on a terminal, or a
PC running terminal emulation software, and tighten the
captive retaining screws on the DB-9 connector.
2. Connect the other end of the cable to the RS-232 serial port on
the switch.
3. Make sure the terminal emulation software is set as follows:
•Select the appropriate serial port (COM port 1 or COM
port 2).
•Set the data rate to 9600 baud.
•Set the data format to 8 data bits, 1 stop bit, and no parity.
•Set flow control to none.
•Set the emulation mode to VT100.
•When using HyperTerminal, select Terminal keys, not
Windows keys.
1-3
S
WITCH MANAGEMENT
Note: When using HyperTerminal with Microsoft® Windows®
2000, make sure that you have Windows 2000 Service Pack
2 or later installed. Windows 2000 Service Pack 2 fixes the
problem of arrow keys not functioning in HyperTerminal’s
VT100 emulation. See www.microsoft.com for information
on Windows 2000 service packs.
4. Once you have set up the terminal correctly, the console login
screen will be displayed.
Note: Refer to “Line Commands” on page 3-80 for a complete
description of console configuration options.
For a description of how to use the CLI, see “Using the Command
Line Interface” on page 3-1. For a list of all the CLI commands and
detailed information on using the CLI, refer to “Command Groups”
on page 3-12.
Remote Connections
Prior to accessing the switch’s onboard agent via a network
connection, you must first configure it with a valid IP address,
subnet mask, and default gateway using a console connection,
DHCP or BOOTP protocol.
The IP address for this switch is assigned via DHCP by default. To
manually configure this address or enable dynamic address
assignment via DHCP or BOOTP, see “Setting an IP Address” on
page 1-7.
Note: This switch supports four concurrent Telnet sessions.
After configuring the switch’s IP parameters, you can access the
onboard configuration program from anywhere within the
attached network. The onboard configuration program can be
accessed using Telnet from any computer attached to the network.
The switch can also be managed by any computer using a Web
1-4
B
ASIC CONFIGURATION
browser (Internet Explorer 5.0 or above, or Netscape Navigator 6.2
or above), or from a network computer using network
management software.
Note: The onboard program only provides access to basic
configuration functions. To access the full range of SNMP
management functions, you must use SNMP-based network
management software.
Basic Configuration
Console Connection
The CLI program provides two different command levels —
normal access level (Normal Exec) and privileged access level
(Privileged Exec). The commands available at the Normal Exec
level are a limited subset of those available at the Privileged Exec
level and allow you to only display information and use basic
utilities. To fully configure switch parameters, you must access the
CLI at the Privileged Exec level.
Access to both CLI levels are controlled by user names and
passwords. The switch has a default user name and password for
each level. To log into the CLI at the Privileged Exec level using
the default user name and password, perform these steps:
1. To initiate your console connection, press <Enter>. The “User
Access Verification” procedure starts.
2. At the Username prompt, enter “admin.”
3. At the Password prompt, also enter “admin.” (The password
characters are not displayed on the console screen.)
4. The session is opened and the CLI displays the “Console#”
prompt indicating you have access at the Privileged Exec level.
1-5
S
WITCH MANAGEMENT
Setting Passwords
Note: If this is your first time to log into the CLI program, you
should define new passwords for both default user names
using the “username” command, record them and put them
in a safe place.
Passwords can consist of up to eight alphanumeric characters and
are case sensitive. To prevent unauthorized access to the switch,
set the passwords as follows:
1. Open the console interface with the default user name and
password “admin” to access the Privileged Exec level.
2. Type “configure” and press <Enter>.
3. Type “username guest password 0 password,” for the Normal
Exec level, where password is your new password. Press
<Enter>.
4. Type “username admin password 0 password,” for the
Privileged Exec level, where password is your new password.
Press <Enter>.
1-6
Username: admin
Password:
CLI session with the SMC8624T is opened.
To end the CLI session, enter [Exit].
Console#configure
Console(config)#username guest password 0 [password]
Console(config)#username admin password 0 [password]
Console(config)#
B
ASIC CONFIGURATION
Setting an IP Address
You must establish IP address information for the switch to obtain
management access through the network. This can be done in
either of the following ways:
Manual — You have to input the information, including IP
address and subnet mask. If your management station is not in the
same IP subnet as the switch, you will also need to specify the
default gateway router.
Dynamic — The switch sends IP configuration requests to
BOOTP or DHCP address allocation servers on the network.
Note: Only one VLAN interface can be assigned an IP address
(the default is VLAN 1). This defines the management
VLAN, the only VLAN through which you can gain
management access to the switch. If you assign an IP
address to any other VLAN, the new IP address overrides
the original IP address and this becomes the new
management VLAN.
Manual Configuration
You can manually assign an IP address to the switch. You may also
need to specify a default gateway that resides between this device
and management stations that exist on another network segment.
Valid IP addresses consist of four decimal numbers, 0 to 255,
separated by periods. Anything outside this format will not be
accepted by the CLI program.
Note: The IP address for this switch is assigned via DHCP by
default.
1-7
S
WITCH MANAGEMENT
Before you can assign an IP address to the switch, you must obtain
the following information from your network administrator:
•IP address for the switch
•Default gateway for the network
•Network mask for this network
To assign an IP address to the switch, complete the following
steps:
1. From the Privileged Exec level global configuration mode
prompt, type “interface vlan 1” to access the
interface-configuration mode. Press <Enter>.
2. Type “ip address ip-address netmask,” where “ip-address” is
the switch IP address and “netmask” is the network mask for
the network. Press <Enter>.
3. Type “exit” to return to the global configuration mode prompt.
Press <Enter>.
4. To set the IP address of the default gateway for the network to
which the switch belongs, type “ip default-gateway gateway,”
where “gateway” is the IP address of the default gateway. Press
<Enter>.
If you select the “bootp” or “dhcp” option, IP will be enabled but
will not function until a BOOTP or DHCP reply has been received.
You therefore need to use the “ip dhcp restart” command to start
1-8
B
ASIC CONFIGURATION
broadcasting service requests. Requests will be sent periodically in
an effort to obtain IP configuration information. (BOOTP and
DHCP values can include the IP address, subnet mask, and default
gateway.)
If the “bootp” or “dhcp” option is saved to the startup-config file,
then the switch will start broadcasting service requests as soon as
it is powered on.
To automatically configure the switch by communicating with
BOOTP or DHCP address allocation servers on the network,
complete the following steps:
1. From the Privileged Exec level global configuration mode
prompt, type “interface vlan 1” to access the
interface-configuration mode. Press <Enter>.
2. At the interface-configuration mode prompt, use one of the
following commands:
•To obtain IP settings through DHCP, type “ip address
dhcp” and press <Enter>.
•To obtain IP settings through BOOTP, type “ip address
bootp” and press <Enter>.
3. Type “exit” to return to the global configuration mode. Press
<Enter>.
4. Type “ip dhcp restart” to begin broadcasting service requests.
Press <Enter>.
5. Wait a few minutes, and then check the IP configuration
settings, by typing the “show ip interface” command. Press
<Enter>.
1-9
S
WITCH MANAGEMENT
6. Then save your configuration changes by typing “copy
running-config startup-config.” Enter the startup file name and
press <Enter>.
Console(config)#interface vlan 1
Console(config-if)#ip address dhcp
Console(config-if)#exit
Console#ip dhcp restart
Console#show ip interface
IP interface vlan
IP address and netmask: 10.1.0.54 255.255.255.0 on VLAN 1,
and address mode: User specified.
Console#copy running-config startup-config
Startup configuration file name []: startup
Console#
Enabling SNMP Management Access
The switch can be configured to accept management commands
from Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) applications.
You can configure the switch to (1) respond to SNMP requests or
(2) generate SNMP traps.
When SNMP management stations send requests to the switch
(either to return information or to set a parameter), the switch
provides the requested data or sets the specified parameter. The
switch can also be configured to send information to SNMP
managers (without being requested by the managers) through trap
messages, which inform the manager that certain events have
occurred.
Community Strings
Community strings are used to control management access to
SNMP stations, as well as to authorize SNMP stations to receive
trap messages from the switch. You therefore need to assign
community strings to specified users or user groups, and set the
access level.
1-10
B
ASIC CONFIGURATION
The default strings are:
•public - with read-only access. Authorized management
stations are only able to retrieve MIB objects.
•private - with read-write access. Authorized management
stations are able to both retrieve and modify MIB objects.
Note: If you do not intend to utilize SNMP, it is recommended
that you delete both of the default community strings. If
there are no community strings, then SNMP management
access to the switch is disabled.
To prevent unauthorized access to the switch via SNMP, it is
recommended that you change the default community strings.
To configure a community string, complete the following steps:
1. From the Privileged Exec level global configuration mode
prompt, type “snmp-server community string mode,” where
“string” is the community access string and “mode” is rw
(read/write) or ro (read only). Press <Enter>.
2. To remove an existing string, simply type “no snmp-server
community string,” where “string” is the community access
string to remove. Press <Enter>.
Console(config)#snmp-server community mis rw
Console(config)#snmp-server community private
Console(config)#
1-11
S
WITCH MANAGEMENT
Trap Receivers
You can also specify SNMP stations that are to receive traps from
the switch.
To configure a trap receiver, complete the following steps:
1. From the Privileged Exec level global configuration mode
prompt, type “snmp-server host host-address community-string,” where “host-address” is the IP address for
the trap receiver and “community-string” is the string
associated with that host. Press <Enter>.
2. In order to configure the switch to send SNMP notifications,
you must enter at least one snmp-server enable traps
command. Type “snmp-server enable traps type,” where “type”
is either authentication or link-up-down. Press <Enter>.
Configuration commands only modify the running configuration
file and are not saved when the switch is rebooted. To save all
your configuration changes in non-volatile storage, you must copy
the running configuration file to the start-up configuration file
using the “copy” command.
To save the current configuration settings, enter the following
command:
1. From the Privileged Exec mode prompt, type “copy
running-config startup-config” and press <Enter>.
1-12
M
ANAGING SYSTEM FILES
2. Enter the name of the start-up file. Press <Enter>.
Console#copy running-config startup-config
Startup configuration file name []: startup
Console#
Managing System Files
The switch’s flash memory supports three types of system files that
can be managed by the CLI program, Web interface, or SNMP. The
switch’s file system allows files to be uploaded and downloaded,
copied, deleted, and set as a start-up file.
The three types of files are:
•Configuration — These files store system configuration
information and are created when configuration settings are
saved. Saved configuration files can be selected as a system
start-up file or can be uploaded via TFTP to a server for backup.
A file named “Factory_Default_Config.cfg” contains all the
system default settings and cannot be deleted from the system.
See “Saving or Restoring Configuration Settings” on page 2-28
for more information.
•Operation Code — System software that is executed after
boot-up, also known as run-time code. This code runs the
switch operations and provides the CLI, Web and SNMP
management interfaces. See “Managing Firmware” on page
2-26 for more information.
•Diagnostic Code — Software that is run during system
boot-up, also known as POST (Power On Self-Test). This code
also provides a facility to upload firmware files to the system
directly through the console port. See “Upgrading Firmware via
the Serial Port” on page B-1.
1-13
S
WITCH MANAGEMENT
Due to the size limit of the flash memory, the switch supports only
two operation code files. However, you can have as many
diagnostic code files and configuration files as available flash
memory space allows.
In the system flash memory, one file of each type must be set as
the start-up file. During a system boot, the diagnostic and
operation code files set as the start-up file are run, and then the
start-up configuration file is loaded.
Note that configuration files should be downloaded using a file
namethat reflects the contents or usage of the file settings. If you
download directly to the running-config, the system will reboot,
and the settings will have to be copied from the running-config to
a permanent file.
System Defaults
The switch’s system defaults are provided in the configuration file
“Factory_Default_Config.cfg.” To reset the switch defaults, this file
should be set as the startup configuration file. See “Saving or
Restoring Configuration Settings” on page 2-28.
The following table lists some of the basic system defaults.
FunctionParameterDefault
IP SettingsManagement VLAN1
DHCPEnabled
BOOTPDisabled
User SpecifiedDisabled
IP Address0.0.0.0
Subnet Mask255.0.0.0
Default Gateway0.0.0.0
1-14
S
YSTEM DEFAULTS
FunctionParameterDefault
Web
Management
SNMPCommunity Strings“public” (read only)
SecurityPrivileged Exec LevelUsername “admin”
Console Port
Connection
HTTP ServerEnabled
HTTP Port Number80
“private” (read/write)
Authentication Failure
Traps
Link-up-Down TrapsEnabled
Normal Exec LevelUsername “guest”
Enable Privileged Exec
from Normal Exec
Level
Authenticationlocal
Baud Rate9600
Data bits8
Stop bits1
Paritynone
Local Console Timeout 0 (disabled)
Enabled
Password “admin”
Password “guest”
Password “super”
1-15
S
WITCH MANAGEMENT
FunctionParameterDefault
Port StatusAdmin StatusEnabled
Link Aggregation Static Trunksnone
Spanning Tree
Protocol
Address TableAging Time300 seconds
Virtual LANsDefault VLAN1
Auto-negotiationEnabled
Flow ControlDisabled
10/100/1000 Mbps Port
Capability
LACP (all ports)Disabled
StatusEnabled
Fast ForwardingDisabled
PVID1
Acceptable Frame
Type
Ingress FilteringDisabled
GVRP (global)Disabled
GVRP (port interface)Disabled
10 Mbps half duplex
10 Mbps full duplex
100 Mbps half duplex
100 Mbps full duplex
1000 Mbps full duplex
Full-duplex flow control
disabled
Symmetric flow control
disabled
(Defaults: All parameters
based on IEEE 802.1w)
All
1-16
FunctionParameterDefault
Class of ServiceIngress Port Priority0
Weighted Round Robin Class 0: 16
Class 1: 64
Class 2: 128
Class 3: 240
IP Precedence Priority Disabled
IP DSCP PriorityDisabled
Multicast
Filtering
Broadcast Storm
Protection
System LogStatusEnabled
Jumbo FramesStatusDisabled
IGMP SnoopingEnabled
Act as QuerierEnabled
StatusEnabled (all ports)
Broadcast Limit Rate256 packets per second
Messages LoggedLevels 0-7 (all)
Messages Logged to
Flash
Levels 0-3
S
YSTEM DEFAULTS
1-17
S
WITCH MANAGEMENT
1-18
C
HAPTER
C
ONFIGURING THE
S
WITCH
Using the Web Interface
This switch provides an embedded HTTP Web agent. Using a Web
browser you can configure the switch and view statistics to
monitor network activity. The Web agent can be accessed by any
computer on the network using a standard Web browser (Internet
Explorer 5.0 or above, or Netscape Navigator 6.2 or above).
Note: You can also use the Command Line Interface (CLI) to
manage the switch over a serial connection to the console
port or via Telnet.For more information on using the CLI,
refer to Chapter 3 “Command Line Interface.”
Prior to accessing the switch from a Web browser, be sure you
have first performed the following tasks:
1. Configure the switch with a valid IP address, subnet mask, and
default gateway using an out-of-band serial connection,
BOOTP or DHCP protocol. (See“Setting the IP Address” on
page 2-11.)
2
2. Set user names and passwords using an out-of-band serial
connection. Access to the Web agent is controlled by the same
user names and passwords as the onboard configuration
program. (See “Configuring the Logon Password” on page
2-14.)
3. After you enter a user name and password, you will have
access to the system configuration program.
2-1
C
ONFIGURING THE SWITCH
Notes: 1. You are allowed three attempts to enter the correct
password; on the third failed attempt the current
connection is terminated.
2. If you log into the Web interface as guest (Normal Exec
level), you can view page information but only change
the guest password. If you log in as “admin” (Privileged
Exec level), you can apply changes on all pages.
3. If the path between your management station and this
switch does not pass through any device that uses the
Spanning Tree Protocol, then you can set the switch
port attached to your management station to fast
forwarding to improve the switch’s response time to
management commands issued through the Web
interface. (See “STP Port and Trunk Configuration” on
page 2-65.)
Navigating the Web Browser Interface
To access the Web-browser interface you must first enter a user
name and password. The administrator has Read/Write access to
all configuration parameters and statistics. The default user name
and password for the administrator is “admin.”
2-2
N
AVIGATING THE WEB BROWSER INTERFACE
Home Page
When your Web browser connects with the switch’s Web agent,
the home page is displayed as shown below. The home page
displays the Main Menu on the left side of the screen and System
Information on the right side. The Main Menu links are used to
navigate to other menus, and display configuration parameters and
statistics.
Configuration Options
Configurable parameters have a dialog box or a drop-down list.
Once a configuration change has been made on a page, be sure to
click on the “Apply” or “Apply Changes” button to confirm the
2-3
C
ONFIGURING THE SWITCH
new setting. The following table summarizes the Web page
configuration buttons.
ButtonAction
RevertCancels specified values and restores current
values prior to pressing “Apply” or “Apply
Changes.”
RefreshImmediately updates values for the current page.
ApplySets specified values to the system.
Apply ChangesSets specified values to the system.
Notes: 1. To ensure proper screen refresh, be sure that Internet
Explorer 5.x is configured as follows: Under the menu
“Tools / Internet Options / General / Temporary
Internet Files / Settings,” the setting for item “Check for
newer versions of stored pages” should be “Every visit
to the page.”
2. When using Internet Explorer 5.0, you may have to
manually refresh the screen after making configuration
changes by pressing the browser’s refresh button.
Panel Display
The Web agent displays an image of the switch’s ports, indicating
whether each link is up or down. Clicking on the image of a port
opens the Port Configuration page as described on page 2-38.
2-4
Main Menu
Using the onboard Web agent, you can define system parameters,
manage and control the switch, and all its ports, or monitor
network conditions. The following table briefly describes the
selections available from this program.
MenuDescriptionPage
System
System Information Provides basic system description,
including contact information
IP Sets the IP address for management access2-11
PasswordsAssigns a new password for the logon user
StatisticsLists Ethernet and RMON port statistics2-122
802.1X
802.1X Port
Configuration
802.1X Statistics
trap functions.
parameters for multicast query
Displays the ports that are attached to a
neighboring multicast router/switch for
each VLAN ID
Assigns ports that are attached to a
neighboring multicast router/switch
Displays all multicast groups active on this
switch, including multicast IP addresses
and VLAN ID
Indicates multicast addresses associated
with the selected VLAN
Sets the authentication mode for individual
ports
Displays protocol statistics for the selected
port
2-106
2-113
2-117
2-118
2-121
2-119
2-131
2-134
Basic Configuration
Displaying System Information
You can easily identify the system by providing a descriptive
name, location and contact information.
2-8
B
ASIC CONFIGURATION
Command Attributes
•System Name – Name assigned to the switch system.
•Object ID – MIB II object ID for switch’s network management
subsystem.
•Location – Specifies the system location.
•Contact – Administrator responsible for the system.
•System Up Time – Length of time the management agent has
been up.
•MAC Address
•Web server
*
– The physical layer address for the switch.
*
– Shows if management access via HTTP is
enabled or disabled.
•Web server port
*
– Shows the TCP port number used by the
Web interface.
•Web secure server
*
– Shows if management access via secure
HTTP (HTTPS) is enabled or disabled.
•Web secure server port
*
– Shows the TCP port number used
by the HTTPS server.
•POST result
* CLI Only
*
– Shows results of the power-on self-test
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ONFIGURING THE SWITCH
Web – Click System, System Information. Specify the system name,
location, and contact information for the system administrator,
then click Apply. (This page also includes
allows you to access the Command Line Interface via Telnet.)
a Telnet button that
2-10
B
ASIC CONFIGURATION
CLI – Specify the hostname, location and contact information.
Console(config)#hostname Test Switch3-29
Console(config)#snmp-server location TPS - 3rd Floor3-66
Console(config)#snmp-server contact Chris3-66
Console#show system3-52
System description: SMC Networks SMC8612T
System OID string: 1.3.6.1.4.1.1991.1.5.1.1.4.1.1
System information
System Up time: 0 days, 2 hours, 4 minutes, and 7.13 seconds
System Name : Test Switch
System Location : TPS - 3rd Floor
System Contact : Chris
MAC address : 00-30-f1-47-58-3a
Web server : enable
Web server port : 80
Web secure server : enable
Web secure server port : 443
POST result
An IP address may be used for management access to the switch
over your network. By default, the switch uses DHCP to assign IP
settings to VLAN 1 on the switch. If you wish to manually
configure IP settings, you need to change the switch’s
user-specified defaults (IP address 0.0.0.0 and netmask 255.0.0.0)
to values that are compatible with your network. You may also
need to a establish a default gateway between the switch and
management stations that exist on another network segment.
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ONFIGURING THE SWITCH
You can manually configure a specific IP address, or direct the
device to obtain an address from a BOOTP or DHCP server when
it is powered on. Valid IP addresses consist of four decimal
numbers, 0 to 255, separated by periods. Anything outside this
format will not be accepted by the CLI program.
•Management VLAN – This is the only VLAN through which
you can gain management access to the switch. By default, all
ports on the switch are members of VLAN 1, so a management
station can be connected to any port on the switch. However,
if other VLANs are configured and you change the Management
VLAN, you may lose management access to the switch. In this
case, you should reconnect the management station to a port
that is a member of the Management VLAN.
•IP Address Mode – Specifies whether IP functionality is
enabled via manual configuration (Static), Dynamic Host
Configuration Protocol (DHCP), or Boot Protocol (BOOTP). If
DHCP/BOOTP is enabled, IP will not function until a reply has
been received from the server. Requests will be broadcast
periodically by the switch for an IP address. (DHCP/BOOTP
values can include the IP address, subnet mask, and default
gateway.)
•IP Address – Address of the VLAN interface that is allowed
management access. Valid IP addresses consist of four
numbers, 0 to 255, separated by periods.
•Subnet Mask – This mask identifies the host address bits used
for routing to specific subnets.
•Gateway IP Address – IP address of the gateway router
between this device and management stations that exist on
other network segments.
•MAC Address – The MAC address of this switch.
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ASIC CONFIGURATION
Manual Configuration
Web – Click System, IP. Specify the management interface, IP
address and default gateway, then click Apply.
CLI – Specify the management interface, IP address and default
gateway.
If your network provides DHCP/BOOTP services, you can
configure the switch to be dynamically configured by these
services.
Web – Click System, IP. Specify the Management VLAN, set the IP
Address Mode to DHCP or BOOTP. Then click Apply to save your
changes. The switch will broadcast a request for IP configuration
settings on the next power reset. Otherwise, you can click Restart
DHCP to immediately request a new address.
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ONFIGURING THE SWITCH
If you lose your management connection, use a console
connection and enter show ip interface to determine the new
switch address.
CLI – Specify the management interface, and set the IP Address
Mode to DHCP or BOOTP.
Console(config)#interface vlan 13-92
Console(config-if)#ip address dhcp3-74
Console(config-if)#end
Console#ip dhcp restart3-75
Console#show ip interface3-77
IP address and netmask: 10.1.0.54 255.255.255.0 on VLAN 1,
and address mode: User specified.
Console#
Renewing DCHP – DHCP may lease addresses to clients
indefinitely or for a specific period of time. If the address expires
or the switch is moved to another network segment, you will lose
management access to the switch. In this case, you can reboot the
switch or submit a client request to restart DHCP service.
Web – If the address assigned by DHCP is no longer functioning,
you will not be able to renew the IP settings via the Web interface.
You can only restart DHCP service via the Web interface if the
current address is still available.
CLI – Enter the following command to restart DHCP service.
Console#ip dhcp restart3-75
Security
Configuring the Logon Password
The guest only has read access for most configuration parameters.
However, the administrator has write access for parameters
governing the onboard agent. You should therefore assign a new
2-14
S
ECURITY
administrator password as soon as possible, and store it in a safe
place. (If for some reason your password is lost, you can reload
the factory deafults file to restore the default passwords as
described in “Troubleshooting Chart” on page A-1.)
The default guest name is “guest” with the password “guest.” The
default administrator name is “admin” with the password “admin.”
Note that user names can only be assigned via the CLI.
Command Attributes
•User Name* – The name of the user.
(Maximum length: 8 characters, case sensitive; maximum
number of users: 16)
•Access Level* – Specifies the user level.
(Options: 0 - Normal, 15 - Privileged.)
•Password – Specifies the user password.
(Range: 0-8 characters plain text, case sensitive)
* CLI only.
Web – Click System, Passwords. To change the password for the
current user, enter the old password, then enter the new password,
confirm it by entering it again, then click Apply.
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ONFIGURING THE SWITCH
CLI – Assign a user name to access-level 15 (i.e., administrator),
then specify the password.
Console(config)#username bob access-level 153-30
Console(config)#username bob password 0 smith
Console(config)#
Configuring RADIUS/TACACS+ Logon Authentication
You can configure this switch to authenticate users logging into
the system for management access using local, RADIUS, or
TACACS+ authentication methods.
RADIUS and TACACS+ are logon authentication protocols that use
software running on a central server to control access to
RADIUS-aware or TACACS+-aware devices on the network. An
authentication server contains a database of multiple user name/
password pairs with associated privilege levels for each user that
requires management access to a switch.
Like RADIUS, Terminal Access Controller Access Control System
Plus (TACACS+) is a system that uses a central server to control
authentication
for access to switches on the network.
RADIUS uses UDP while TACACS+ uses TCP. UDP only offers best
effort delivery, while TCP offers a connection-oriented transport.
Also, note that RADIUS encrypts only the password in the
access-request packet from the client to the server, while TACACS+
encrypts the entire body of the packet.
Command Usage
•By default, management access is always checked against the
authentication database stored on the local switch. If a remote
authentication server is used, you must specify the
authentication sequence and the corresponding parameters for
the remote authentication protocol.
2-16
S
ECURITY
•RADIUS uses UDP while TACACS+ uses TCP. UDP only offers
best effort delivery, while TCP offers a connection-oriented
transport. Also, note that RADIUS encrypts only the password
in the access-request packet from the client to the server, while
TACACS+ encrypts the entire body of the packet.
•RADIUS and TACACS+ logon authentication control
management access via the console port, Web browser, or
Telnet.
•RADIUS and TACACS+ logon authentication assign a specific
privilege level for each user name/password pair. The user
name, password, and privilege level must be configured on the
authentication server.
•You can specify up to three authentication methods for any
user to indicate the authentication sequence. For example, if
you select (1) RADIUS, (2) TACACS and (3) Local, the user
name and password on the RADIUS server is verified first. If the
RADIUS server is not available, then authentication is attempted
using the TACACS+ server, and finally the local user name and
password is checked.
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ONFIGURING THE SWITCH
Command Attributes
•Authentication – Select the authentication, or authentication
sequence required:
- RADIUS – User authentication is performed using a RADIUS
server only.
- TACACS – User authentication is performed using a
TACACS+ server only.
- Local – User authentication is performed only locally by the
switch.
- [authentication sequence] – User authentication is
performed by up to three authentication methods in the
indicated sequence.
RADIUS Settings
•Server IP Address – Address of the RADIUS server.
(Default: 10.1.0.1)
•Server Port Number – Network (UDP) port of the RADIUS
server used for authentication messages.
(Range: 1-65535; Default: 1812)
•Secret Text String – Encryption key used to authenticate
logon access for client. Do not use blank spaces in the string.
(Maximum length: 20 characters)
•Number of Server Transmits – Number of times the switch
will try to authenticate logon access via the RADIUS server.
(Range: 1-30; Default: 2)
•Timeout for a reply(secs) – The number of seconds the
switch waits for a reply from the RADIUS server before it
resends the request. (Range: 1-65535; Default: 5)
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ECURITY
TACACS+ Settings
•Server IP Address – Address of the TACACS+ server.
(Default: 10.1.0.1)
•Server Port Number – Network (TCP) port of TACACS+ server
used for authentication messages.
(Range: 1-65535; Default: 1812)
•Secret Text String – Encryption key used to authenticate
logon access for client. Do not use blank spaces in the string.
(Maximum length: 20 characters)
Note: The local switch user database has to be set up by manually
entering user names and passwords using the CLI.
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ONFIGURING THE SWITCH
Web – Click System, Authentication Settings. To configure local or
remote authentication preferences, specify the authentication
sequence (i.e., one to three methods), fill in the parameters for
RADIUS or TACACS+ authentication if selected, and click Apply.
2-20
CLI Commands
CLI – Specify all the required parameters to enable logon
authentication.
Console(config)#authentication login radius3-56
Console(config)#radius-server host 192.168.1.253-58
Console(config)#radius-server port 1813-58
Console(config)#radius-server key green3-59
Console(config)#radius-server retransmit 53-60
Console(config)#radius-server timeout 103-60
Console#show radius-server3-61
Server IP address: 192.168.1.25
Communication key with radius server: green
Server port number: 181
Retransmit times: 5
Request timeout: 10
Console(config)#authentication login tacacs3-56
Console(config)#tacacs-server host 10.20.30.403-61
Console(config)#tacacs-server port 2003-62
Console(config)#tacacs-server key green3-63
Console#show tacacs-server3-63
Server IP address: 10.20.30.40
Communication key with tacacs server: green
Server port number: 200
Console(config)#
Configuring HTTPS
You can configure the switch to enable the Secure Hypertext
Transfer Protocol (HTTPS) over the Secure Socket Layer (SSL),
providing secure access (i.e., an encrypted connection) to the
switch’s Web interface.
S
ECURITY
Both the HTTP and HTTPS service can be enabled independently
on the switch. However, you cannot configure the HTTP and
HTTPS servers to use the same UDP port. If you change the
HTTPS port number, clients attempting to connect to the HTTPS
server must specify the port number in the URL, in this
format: https://device:port_number.
Note: If you enable HTTPS, you must indicate this in the URL.
For example: https://device [:port_number]
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ONFIGURING THE SWITCH
The following Web browsers and operating systems currently
support HTTPS:
Web BrowserOperating System
Internet Explorer 5.0 or laterWindows 98, Windows NT (with service
pack 6a), Windows 2000, Windows XP
Netscape Navigator 4.76 or
later
* To specify a secure-site certificate, see “Replacing the Default Secure-site
Certificate” on page 2-23
Windows 98, Windows NT (with service
pack 6a), Windows 2000, Windows XP,
Solaris 2.6
When you start HTTPS, the client and server establish a secure
encrypted connection. A padlock icon should appear in the status
bar for Internet Explorer 5.x and Netscape Navigator 4.x.
Command Attributes
•HTTPS Status — Allows you to enable/disable the HTTPS
server feature on the switch.
(Default: Enabled)
•
HTTPS Port — Specifies the UDP port number used for
HTTPS/SSL connection to the switch’s Web interface. The
default is port 443.
Web – Click System, HTTPS Settings. Select Enabled for the HTTPS
Status and specify the port number, then click Apply.
2-22
CLI Commands
CLI – Enter the following commands to specify the secure port
number and to enable HTTPS.
When you log onto the Web interface using HTTPS (for secure
access), a Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) certificate appears for the
switch. By default, the certificate that Netscape and Internet
Explorer display will be associated with a warning that the site is
not recognized as a secure site. This is because the certificate has
not been signed by an approved certification authority. If you
want this warning to be replaced by a message confirming that the
connection to the switch is secure, you must obtain a unique
certificate and a private key and password from a recognized
certification authority.
Note: For maximum security, we recommend you obtain a
unique Secure Sockets Layer certificate at the earliest
opportunity. This is because the default certificate for the
switch is not unique to the hardware you have purchased.
S
ECURITY
When you have obtained these, place them on your TFTP server,
and use the following command at the switch's command-line
interface to replace the default (unrecognized) certificate with an
authorized one:
Console#copy tftp https-certificate3-21
TFTP server ip address: <server ip-address>
Source certificate file name: <certificate file name>
Source private file name: <private key file name>
Private password: <password for private key>
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ONFIGURING THE SWITCH
Note: The switch must be reset for the new certificate to be
activated. To reset the switch, type:
Console#reload
Configuring SSH
The Secure Shell (SSH) server feature provides remote
management access via encrypted paths between the switch and
SSH-enabled management station clients.
Note: There are two versions of the SSH protocol currently
available, SSH v1.x and SSH v2.x. The switch supports only
SSH v1.5.
Command Attributes
•SSH Server Status — Allows you to enable/disable the SSH
server feature on the switch.
•SSH authentication timeout — Specifies the time interval in
seconds that the SSH server waits for a response from a client
during an authentication attempt. (Range: 1 to 120 seconds;
Default: 120 seconds)
(Default: enabled)
•SSH authentication retries — Specifies the number of
authentication attempts that a client is allowed before
authentication fails and the client has to restart the
authentication process.
(Range: 1 to 5 times; Default: 3)
2-24
S
ECURITY
Web – Click System, SSH Settings. Select Enabled for the SSH
Server Status, specify the authentication timeout and number of
retries, then click Apply.
CLI Commands
CLI – Enter the following commands to configure the SSH service.
Console(config)#ip ssh server3-38
Console(config)#ip ssh timeout 1003-37
Console(config)#ip ssh authentication-retries 53-37
Console(config)#
Console#show ip ssh3-40
Information of secure shell
SSH status: enable
SSH authentication timeout: 100
SSH authentication retries: 5
Console#show ssh3-40
Information of secure shell
Session Username Version Encrypt method Negotiation state
You can upload/download firmware to or from a TFTP server. By
saving runtime code to a file on a TFTP server, that file can later be
downloaded to the switch to restore operation. You can also set
the switch to use new firmware without overwriting the previous
version.
Command Attributes
•TFTP Server IP Address – The IP address of a TFTP server.
•
Destination File Name
file name should not contain slashes (\ or /), the leading letter
of the file name should not be a period (.), and the maximum
length for file nam es on the TFTP serv er is 127 characters or 31
characters for files on the switch. (Valid characters: A-Z, a-z,
0-9, “.”, “-”, “_”)
Note: The maximum number of runtime code files is 2.
—
File names are case-sensitive. The
Downloading System Software from a Server
When downloading runtime code, you can specify the Destination
File Name to replace the current image, or first download the file
using a different name from the current runtime code file, and then
set the new file as the startup file.
2-26
M
ANAGING FIRMWARE
Web – Click System, Firmware. Enter the IP address of the TFTP
server, enter the file name of the software to download, select a
file on the switch to overwrite or specify a new file name, then
click Transfer from Server.
When you download a file using a different name from the current
runtime code file, you need to select the new file name from the
drop-down box for the operation code used at startup, and then
click Apply Changes.
To start the new firmware, reboot the system.
2-27
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ONFIGURING THE SWITCH
CLI – Enter the IP address of the TFTP server, select config or
opcode file type, then enter the source and destination file names,
set the new file to start up the system, and then restart the switch.
Console#copy tftp file3-21
TFTP server ip address: 10.1.0.99
Choose file type:
You can upload/download configuration settings to/from a TFTP
server. The configuration file can be later downloaded to restore
the switch’s settings.
Command Attributes
•TFTP Server IP Address – The IP address of a TFTP server.
•
Destination File Name
—
File names are case-sensitive. The
file name should not contain slashes (\ or /), the leading letter
of the file name should not be a period (.), and the maximum
length for file nam es on the TFTP serv er is 127 characters or 31
characters for files on
the switch. (Valid characters: A-Z, a-z, 0-9,
“.”, “-”, “_”)
Note: The maximum number of user-defined configuration files is
limited only by available flash memory space.
2-28
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ANAGING FIRMWARE
You can save the configuration file under a new file name and
then set it as the startup file, or you can specify the current startup
configuration file as the destination file to directly replace it. Note
that the file “Factory_Default_Config.cfg” can be copied to the
TFTP server, but cannot be used as a destination file name on the
switch.
Web – Click System, Configuration. Enter the IP address of the
TFTP server, enter the name of the file to download, select a file
on the switch to overwrite or specify a new file name, and then
click Transfer from Server.
When you download a file using a different name from the current
startup configuration file, you need to select the new file name
from from the drop-down box for Startup Operation Code Image
File, and press Apply Changes. To use the new settings, reboot the
system via the System, Reset menu.
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ONFIGURING THE SWITCH
CLI – Enter the IP address of the TFTP server, specify the source
file on the server, and set the startup file name on the switch. If
you download the startup configuration file under a new file
name, you can set this file as the startup file at a later time, and
then restart the switch.
Console#copy tftp startup-config3-21
TFTP server ip address: 192.168.1.19
Source configuration file name: startup2.0
Startup configuration file name [startup] : startup2.0
\Write to FLASH Programming.
-Write to FLASH finish.
Success.
Console#config
Console(config)#boot system config: startup2.0 3-26
Console(config)#exit
Console#reload
Copying the Running Configuration to a File
You can save the current running configuration to a new file name
and then set it as the startup file. Enter a name for the new
configuration file, and then click Copy to File.
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ANAGING FIRMWARE
CLI – If you copy the running configuration to a file, you can set
this file as the startup file at a later time, and then restart the
switch.
Console#copy running-config file 3-21
destination file name : 051902.cfg
/
Console#
Console#config
Console(config)#boot system config: 051902.cfg 3-26
Console(config)#exit
Console#reload 3-18
Displaying Bridge Extension Capabilities
The Bridge MIB includes extensions for managed devices that
support Multicast Filtering, Traffic Classes, and Virtual LANs. You
can access these extensions to display default settings for the key
variables, or to configure the global setting for GARP VLAN
Registration Protocol (GVRP).
Command Attributes
•Extended Multicast Filtering Services – This switch does not
support the filtering of individual multicast addresses based on
GMRP (GARP Multicast Registration Protocol).
•Traffic Classes – This switch provides mapping of user
priorities to multiple traffic classes. (Refer to “Class of Service
Configuration” on page 2-87.)
•Static Entry Individual Port – This switch allows static
filtering for unicast and multicast addresses. (Refer to “Setting
Static Addresses” on page 2-47.)
•VLAN Learning – This switch uses Independent VLAN
Learning (IVL), where each port maintains its own filtering
database.
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ONFIGURING THE SWITCH
•Configurable PVID Tagging – This switch allows you to
override the default Port VLAN ID (PVID used in frame tags)
and egress status (VLAN-Tagged or Untagged) on each port.
(Refer to “VLAN Configuration” on page 2-70.)
•Local VLAN Capable – This switch does not support multiple
local bridges (i.e., multiple Spanning Trees).
•GMRP – GARP Multicast Registration Protocol (GMRP) allows
network devices to register endstations with multicast groups.
This switch does not support GMRP; it uses the Internet Group
Management Protocol (IGMP) to provide automatic multicast
filtering.
•GVRP – GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP) defines a
way for switches to exchange VLAN information in order to
register necessary VLAN members on ports across the network.
This function should be enabled to permit VLANs groups which
extend beyond the local switch.
2-32
Web – Click System, Bridge Extension.
CLI – Enter the following command.
M
ANAGING FIRMWARE
Console#show bridge-ext3-147
Max support vlan numbers: 255
Max support vlan ID: 4094
Extended multicast filtering services: No
Static entry individual port: Yes
VLAN learning: IVL
Configurable PVID tagging: Yes
Local VLAN capable: No
Traffic classes: Enabled
Global GVRP status: Enabled
GMRP: Disabled
Console#
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ONFIGURING THE SWITCH
Displaying Switch Hardware/Software Versions
Command Attributes
Main Board
•Serial Number – The serial number of the switch.
•Service Tag* – Not implemented.
•Number of Ports – Number of built-in RJ-45 ports
•Hardware Version – Hardware version of the main board.
•Internal Power Status – Displays the status of the internal
power supply.
•Redundant Power Status* – Displays the status of the
redundant power supply.
* CLI only.
Management Software
•Loader Version – Version number of loader code.
•Boot-ROM Version – Version number of Power-On Self-Test
(POST) and boot code.
•Operation Code Version – Version number of runtime code.
•Role – Shows that this switch is operating as Master (i.e.,
operating stand-alone).
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ANAGING FIRMWARE
Web – Click System, Switch Information.
CLI – Use the following command to display version information.
Console#show version3-54
Unit1
Serial number :A217056372
Service tag :[NONE]
Hardware version :R0C
Number of ports :12
Main power status :up
Redundant power status :not present
Agent(master)
Unit id :1
Loader version :1.0.0.0
Boot rom version :1.0.0.0
Operation code version :2.0.0.19
Console#
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ONFIGURING THE SWITCH
Port Configuration
Displaying Connection Status
You can use the Port Information or Trunk Information pages to
display the current connection status, including link state, speed/
duplex mode, flow control, and auto-negotiation.
Command Attributes
•Name – Interface label.
•Type – Indicates the of port type (1000Base-TX or
1000Base-SFP).
•Admin Status – Shows if the interface is enabled or disabled.
•Oper Status – Indicates if the link is Up or Down.
•Speed/Duplex Status – Shows the current speed and duplex
mode.
•Flow Control Status – Indicates the type of flow control
currently in use.
•Autonegotiation – Shows if auto-negotiation is enabled or
disabled.
•Trunk Member – Shows if port is a trunk member. (Port
Information only.)
•Creation – Shows if a trunk is manually configured or
dynamically set via LACP. (Trunk Information only.)
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P
ORT CONFIGURATION
Web – Click Port, Port Information or Trunk Information. Modify
the required interface settings, and click Apply.
CLI – This example shows the connection status for Port 13.
Console#show interfaces status ethernet 1/133-103
Information of Eth 1/13
Basic information:
Port type: 1000T
Mac address: 00-00-11-11-22-2F
Configuration:
Name:
Port admin: Up
Speed-duplex: Auto
Capabilities: 10half, 10full, 100half, 100full, 1000full,
Broadcast storm: Enabled
Broadcast storm limit: 256 packets/second
Flow control: Disabled
Lacp: Disabled
Port security: Disabled
Port security action: None
Current status:
Link status: Down
Operation speed-duplex: 1000full
Flow control type: None
Console#
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ONFIGURING THE SWITCH
Configuring Interface Connections
You can use the Trunk Configuration or Port Configuration page to
enable/disable an interface, manually fix the speed and duplex
mode, set flow control, set auto-negotiation, and set the interface
capabilities to advertise.
Command Attributes
•Name – Allows you to label an interface. (Range: 1-64
characters)
•Admin – Allows you to manually disable an interface. You can
disable an interface due to abnormal behavior (e.g., excessive
collisions), and then reenable it after the problem has been
resolved. You may also disable an interface for security
reasons.
•Speed/Duplex – Allows manual selection of port speed and
duplex mode (i.e., with auto-negotiation disabled).
•Flow Control – Allows automatic or manual selection of flow
control.
•Autonegotiation/Port Capabilities – Allows auto-negotiation
to be enabled/disabled. Specifies the capabilities to be
advertised for a port during auto-negotiation. The following
capabilities are supported.
- Sym (Gigabit only) – Check this item to transmit and receive
pause frames, or clear it to auto-negotiate the sender and
receiver for asymmetric pause frames.(The current switch
chip only supports symmetric pause frames.)
- FC - Supports flow control. Flow control can eliminate frame
loss by “blocking” traffic from end stations or segments
connected directly to the switch when its buffers fill. When
enabled, back pressure is used for half-duplex operation and
IEEE 802.3x for full-duplex operation. (Avoid using flow
control on a port connected to a hub unless it is actually
required to solve a problem. Otherwise back pressure
jamming signals may degrade overall performance for the
segment attached to the hub.)
(Default: Autonegotiation enabled; Advertised capabilities for
100BASE-TX – 10half, 10full, 100half, 100full; 1000BASE-T –
10half, 10full, 100half, 100full, 1000full;
1000BASE-SX/LX/LH – 1000full)
•Trunk – Indicates if a port is a member of a trunk. To create
trunks and select port members, see “Port Trunk Configuration”
on page 2-100.
Note: Autonegotiation must be disabled before you can configure
or force the interface to use the Speed/Duplex Mode or
Flow Control options.
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ONFIGURING THE SWITCH
Web – Click Port, Port Configuration or Trunk Configuration.
Modify the required interface settings, and click Apply.
CLI – Select the interface, and then enter the required settings.
Broadcast storms may occur when a device on your network is
malfunctioning, or if application programs are not well designed
or properly configured. If there is too much broadcast traffic on
your network, performance can be severely degraded or
everything can come to complete halt.
You can protect your network from broadcast storms by setting a
threshold for broadcast traffic for each port. Any broadcast packets
exceeding the specified threshold will then be dropped.
Command Usage
•Broadcast Storm Control is enabled by default.
•The default threshold is 256 packets per second.
•Broadcast control does not effect IP multicast traffic.
•The specified threshold applies to all ports on the switch.
Command Attributes
•Threshold – Threshold as percentage of port bandwidth.
(Range: 16, 64, 128, or 256 packets per second; Default: 256
packets per second)
•Broadcast Control Status – Shows whether or not broadcast
storm control has been enabled. (Default: Enabled)
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ONFIGURING THE SWITCH
Web – Click Port, Port Broadcast Control. Set the threshold for all
ports, and then click Apply.
CLI – Specify the required interface, and then enter the threshold.
The following sets broadcast suppression at 128 packets per
second on port 1.
You can mirror traffic from any source port to a target port for
real-time analysis. You can then attach a logic analyzer or RMON
probe to the target port and study the traffic crossing the source
port in a completely unobtrusive manner.
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P
ORT CONFIGURATION
Command Usage
•The mirror port and monitor port speeds must match, otherwise
traffic may be dropped from the monitor port.
•The switch supports only one port mirror session.
Web – Click Port, Mirror. Specify the source port, the traffic type to
be mirrored, and the target port, then click Add.
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ONFIGURING THE SWITCH
CLI – Use the interface command to select the target port, then use
the port monitor command to specify the source port. Note that
default mirroring under the CLI is for both received and
transmitted packets.
Port security is a feature that allows you to configure a switch port
with one or more device MAC addresses that are authorized to
access the network through that port.
When port security is enabled on a port, the switch stops learning
new MAC addresses on the specified port. Only incoming traffic
with source addresses already stored in the dynamic or static
address table will be accepted as authorized to access the network
through that port. If a device with an unauthorized MAC address
attempts to use the switch port, the intrusion will be detected and
the switch can automatically take action by disabling the port and
sending a trap message.
To use port security, first allow the switch to dynamically learn the
<source MAC address, VLAN> pair for frames received on a port
for an initial period, and then enable port security to stop address
learning. Be sure you enable the learning function long enough to
ensure that all valid VLAN members have been registered on the
selected port.
Note that a secure port has the following restrictions:
•It should not be connected to a network interconnection
device.
•It cannot be configured as a member of a static trunk.
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P
ORT CONFIGURATION
•It can be configured as an LACP trunk port, but the switch does
not allow the LACP trunk to be enabled.
Note: A port that is already configured as an LACP or static trunk
port cannot be enabled as a secure port.
Port Security Action
The switch allows you to set the security action to be taken when
a port intrusion is detected. This setting applies to all ports on the
switch.
•Shutdown and Trap — Indicates the action to be taken when
a port security violation is detected:
- None: Indicates that no action should be taken. (This is the
default.)
- Trap and Shutdown: Indicates that the port is to be disabled
and an SNMP trap message sent.
Web – Click Port, Port Security Action. Specify the security action
for a port intrusion, then click Apply.
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ONFIGURING THE SWITCH
Port Security Configuration
On the Port/Port Security Status page, you can enable/disable
security for any switch port. For each port number listed in the
“Port” column, you can configure the following parameter:
•Security Status — Enables or disables port security on the
port. (Default: disabled)
Note: If a port is disabled due to a security violation, it must be
manually re-enabled from the Port/Port Configuration page.
Web – Click Port, Port Security Status. Check the checkbox in the
Security Status column to enable security for a port, then click
Apply.
CLI – Use the interface command to select the target port, then use
the port security action command to configure the port intrusion
action (applies to all ports). Use the port security command to
enable security for the port.
Switches store the addresses for all known devices. This
information is used to route traffic directly between the inbound
and outbound ports. All the addresses learned by monitoring
traffic are stored in the dynamic address table. You can also
manually configure static addresses that are bound to a specific
port.
Setting Static Addresses
A static address can be assigned to a specific interface on this
switch. Static addresses are bound to the assigned interface and
will not be moved. When a static address is seen on another
interface, the address will be ignored and will not be written to the
address table.
Command Usage
Entries specified via the Web interface are permanent. Entries
specified via the CLI can be made permanent or can be set to be
deleted on reset.
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ONFIGURING THE SWITCH
Web – Click Address able, Static Addresses. Specify the interface,
the MAC address and VLAN, then click Add Static Address.
CLI – This example adds an address to the static address table, but
sets it to be deleted when the switch is reset.
The Dynamic Address Table contains the MAC addresses learned
by monitoring the source address for traffic entering the switch.
When the destination address for inbound traffic is found in the
database, the packets intended for that address is forwarded
directly to the associated port. Otherwise, the traffic is flooded to
all ports.
Command Usage
•You can display entries in the dynamic address table by
selecting an interface (either port or trunk), MAC address, or
VLAN.
•You can sort the information displayed based on interface (port
or trunk), MAC address, or VLAN.
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ONFIGURING THE SWITCH
Web – Click Address Table, Dynamic Addresses. Specify the search
type (i.e., Interface, MAC Address, or VLAN), the method of sorting
the displayed addresses, then click Query.
For example, the following screen shows the dynamic addresses
for port 5.
CLI – This example displays the address table entries for port 11.
Console#show mac-address-table interface ethernet 1/113-109
Interface Mac Address Vlan Type
--------- ----------------- ---- ---------------- Eth 1/11 00-10-b5-62-03-74 1 Learned
Console#
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PANNING TREE PROTOCOL CONFIGURATION
Changing the Aging Time
You can set the aging time for entries in the dynamic address table.
Command Usage
The range for the aging time is 17 - 2184 seconds. (The default is
300 seconds.)
Web – Click Address Table, Address Aging. Specify the new aging
time, then click Apply.
CLI – This example sets the aging time to 400 seconds.
The Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) can be used to detect and
disable network loops, and to provide backup links between
switches, bridges or routers. This allows the switch to interact with
other bridging devices (i.e., an STP-compliant switch, bridge or
router) in your network to ensure that only one route exists
between any two stations on the network, and provide backup
links that automatically take over when a primary link goes down.
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ONFIGURING THE SWITCH
The Spanning Tree Protocols supported by the switch include the
following standards:
•STP – Spanning Tree Protocol (IEEE 802.1D).
•RSTP – Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (IEEE 802.1w).
STP uses a distributed algorithm to select a bridging device
(STP-compliant switch, bridge or router) that serves as the root of
the spanning tree network. It selects a root port on each bridging
device (except for the root device) which incurs the lowest path
cost when forwarding a packet from that device to the root device.
Then it selects a designated bridging device from each LAN which
incurs the lowest path cost when forwarding a packet from that
LAN to the root device. All ports connected to designated bridging
devices are assigned as designated ports. After determining the
lowest cost spanning tree, it enables all root ports and designated
ports, and disables all other ports. Network packets are therefore
only forwarded between root ports and designated ports,
eliminating any possible network loops.
Once a stable network topology has been established, all bridges
listen for Hello BPDUs (Bridge Protocol Data Units) transmitted
from the Root Bridge. If a bridge does not get a Hello BPDU after
a predefined interval (Maximum Age), the bridge assumes that the
link to the Root Bridge is down. This bridge will then initiate
negotiations with other bridges to reconfigure the network to
reestablish a valid network topology.
RSTP is designed as a general replacement for the slower, legacy
STP. RSTP achieves much faster reconfiguration (around one tenth
of that required by STP) by reducing the number of state changes
before active ports start learning, predefining an alternate route
that can be used when a node or port fails, and retaining the
forwarding database for ports insensitive to changes in the tree
structure when reconfiguration occurs.
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PANNING TREE PROTOCOL CONFIGURATION
STP Information
The Spanning Tree, STP Information page contains information on
the current status of the Spanning Tree.
Command Attributes
•Spanning Tree State — Indicates if the Spanning Tree
Protocol is currently enabled on the switch.
•Bridge ID — Identifies a unique identifier for the switch in the
Spanning Tree. The ID is calculated using the defined Spanning
Tree priority of the switch and its MAC address. The lower the
Bridge ID, the more likely the switch will act as the root.
•Max Age — The maximum time (in seconds) the switch can
wait without receiving a configuration message before
attempting to reconfigure. All device ports (except for
designated ports) should receive configuration messages at
regular intervals. If the root port ages out STP information
(provided in the last configuration message), a new root port is
selected from among the device ports attached to the network.
(References to “ports” in this section means “interfaces,” which
includes both ports and trunks.)
•Hello Time — Specifies the time interval (in seconds) at which
the root device transmits a configuration message.
•Forward Delay — The maximum time (in seconds) the switch
will wait before changing states (i.e., discarding to learning to
forwarding). This delay is required because every device must
receive information about topology changes before it starts to
forward frames. In addition, each port needs time to listen for
conflicting information that would make it return to a
discarding state; otherwise, temporary data loops might result.
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ONFIGURING THE SWITCH
•Designated Root — Identifies the priority and MAC address of
the device in the Spanning Tree that the switch has accepted as
the root device.
- Root Port — Specifies the port number on the switch that is
closest to the root. The switch communicates with the root
device through this port. If there is no root port, the switch
has been accepted as the root device of the Spanning Tree
network.
- Root Path Cost — Identifies the path cost from the root port
on the switch to the root device.
• Root Hello Time* – Interval (in seconds) at which this
device transmits a configuration message.
• Root Maximum Age* – The maximum time (in seconds)
this device can wait without receiving a configuration
message before attempting to reconfigure. All device ports
(except for designated ports) should receive configuration
messages at regular intervals. If the root port ages out STA
information (provided in the last configuration message), a
new root port is selected from among the device ports
attached to the network. (References to “ports” in this
section means “interfaces,” which includes both ports and
trunks.)
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• Root Forward Delay* – The maximum time (in seconds)
this device will wait before changing states (i.e., discarding
to learning to forwarding). This delay is required because
every device must receive information about topology
changes before it starts to forward frames. In addition, each
port needs time to listen for conflicting information that
would make it return to a discarding state; otherwise,
temporary data loops might result.
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PANNING TREE PROTOCOL CONFIGURATION
• Root Hold Time* – The interval (in seconds) during which
no more than two bridge configuration protocol data units
shall be transmitted by this node.
•Configuration Changes — Specifies the number of times the
Spanning Tree has been reconfigured.
•Last Topology Change — Identifies the time since the
Spanning Tree was last reconfigured.
* CLI only.
Web – Click Spanning Tree, STP Information to display current
Spanning Tree information.
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ONFIGURING THE SWITCH
CLI – This example shows the current Spanning Tree settings.
Console#show spanning-tree3-128
Spanning-tree information
-------------------------------------------------------------- Spanning tree mode :RSTP
Spanning tree enable/disable :enable
Priority :32768
Bridge Hello Time (sec.) :2
Bridge Max Age (sec.) :20
Bridge Forward Delay (sec.) :15
Root Hello Time (sec.) :2
Root Max Age (sec.) :20
Root Forward Delay (sec.) :15
Designated Root :32768.000011112222
Current root port :0
Current root cost :0
Number of topology changes :1
Last topology changes time (sec.):10811
Transmission limit :3
Path Cost Method :long
--------------------------------------------------------------Eth 1/ 1 information
-------------------------------------------------------------- Admin status : enable
Role : disable
State : discarding
Path cost : 10000
Priority : 128
Designated cost : 0
Designated port : 128.1
Designated root : 32768.000011112222
Designated bridge : 32768.000011112222
Fast forwarding : disable
Forward transitions : 0
Admin edge port : disable
Oper edge port : disable
Admin Link type : auto
Oper Link type : point-to-point
Eth 1/ 2 information
-------------------------------------------------------------- Admin status : enable
Role : disable
State : discarding
Path cost : 10000
-
-
-
-
-
Console#
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PANNING TREE PROTOCOL CONFIGURATION
STP Configuration
Global settings apply to the entire switch.
Command Usage
RSTP supports connections to either STP or RSTP nodes by
monitoring the incoming protocol messages and dynamically
adjusting the type of protocol messages the RSTP node transmits,
as described below:
•STP Mode – If the switch receives an 802.1D BPDU (i.e., STP
BPDU) after a port’s migration delay timer expires, the switch
assumes it is connected to an 802.1D bridge and starts using
only 802.1D BPDUs.
•RSTP Mode – If RSTP is using 802.1D BPDUs on a port and
receives an RSTP BPDU after the migration delay expires, RSTP
restarts the migration delay timer and begins using RSTP
BPDUs on that port.
Command Attributes
•Spanning Tree State — Enables or disables the Spanning
Tree. If you enable the Spanning Tree, you must complete the
other fields.
•Spanning Tree Type — Specifies the type of Spanning Tree
Protocol used on the switch: (Default: RSTP)
- STP: Spanning Tree Protocol (IEEE 802.1D; i.e., when this
option is selected, the switch will use RSTP set to STP forced
compatibility mode))
- RSTP: Rapid Spanning Tree (IEEE 802.1w)
(Default: enabled)
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ONFIGURING THE SWITCH
•Priority — Bridge priority is used in selecting the root device,
root port, and designated port. The device with the highest
priority becomes the STP root device. However, if all devices
have the same priority, the device with the lowest MAC address
will then become the root device.
•Hello Time — Interval (in seconds) at which the switch
transmits a configuration message.
- Default: 2
- Minimum: 1
- Maximum: The lower of 10 or [(Max. Message Age / 2) -1]
•Maximum Age — The maximum time (in seconds) the switch
can wait without receiving a configuration message before
attempting to reconfigure. All device ports (except for
designated ports) should receive configuration messages at
regular intervals. Any port that ages out STP information
(provided in the last configuration message) becomes the
designated port for the attached LAN. If it is a root port, a new
root port is selected from among the device ports attached to
the network. (References to “ports” in this section means
“interfaces,” which includes both ports and trunks.)
2-58
- Default: 20
- Minimum: The higher of 6 or [2 x (Hello Time + 1)].
- Maximum: The lower of 40 or [2 x (Forward Delay - 1)]
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PANNING TREE PROTOCOL CONFIGURATION
•Forward Delay — The maximum time (in seconds) the switch
will wait before changing states (i.e., discarding to learning to
forwarding). This delay is required because every device must
receive information about topology changes before it starts to
forward frames. In addition, each port needs time to listen for
conflicting information that would make it return to a
discarding state; otherwise, temporary data loops might result.
- Default: 15
- Minimum: The higher of 4 or [(Max. Message Age / 2) + 1]
- Maximum: 30
•Path Cost Method — The path cost is used to determine the
best path between devices. The path cost method is used to
determine the range of values that can be assigned to each
interface.
- Long: Specifies 32-bit based values that range from
1-200,000,000.
- Short: Specifies 16-bit based values that range from 1-65535.
(This is the default.)
•Transmission Limit — The maximum transmission rate for
BPDUs is specified by setting the minimum interval between
the transmission of consecutive protocol messages. (Range:
1-10; Default: 3)
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ONFIGURING THE SWITCH
Web – Click Spanning Tree, STP Configuration. Modify the
required attributes, then click Apply.
CLI – This example enables Spanning Tree Protocol, and then sets
the indicated attributes.
The Spanning Tree, STP Port Information and Spanning Tree, STP
Trunk Information display the current status of ports and trunks in
the Spanning Tree.
Command Attributes
•STP Status — Displays current state of this port within the
Spanning Tree:
- Discarding — Port receives STP configuration messages, but
does not forward packets.
- Learning — Port has transmitted configuration messages for
an interval set by the Forward Delay parameter without
receiving contradictory information. Port address table is
cleared, and the port begins learning addresses.
- Forwarding — Port forwards packets, and continues
learning addresses.
The rules defining port status are:
- A port on a network segment with no other STA compliant
bridging device is always forwarding.
- If two ports of a switch are connected to the same segment
and there is no other STA device attached to this segment, the
port with the smaller ID forwards packets and the other is
discarding.
- All ports are discarding when the switch is booted, then some
of them change state to learning, and then to forwarding.
•Forward Transitions – The number of times this port has
transitioned from the Learning state to the Forwarding state.
•Designated Cost — The cost for a packet to travel from this
port to the root in the current Spanning Tree configuration. The
slower the media, the higher the cost.
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ONFIGURING THE SWITCH
•Designated Bridge — The priority and MAC address of the
device through which this port must communicate to reach the
root of the Spanning Tree.
•Designated Port — The priority and number of the port on the
designated bridging device through which this switch must
communicate with the root of the Spanning Tree.
•Oper Link Type – The operational point-to-point status of the
LAN segment attached to this interface. This parameter is
determined by manual configuration or by auto-detection, as
described for “Admin Link Type” in the STP Port/Trunk
Configuration page.
•Oper Edge Port – This parameter is initialized to the setting for
“Admin Edge Port” in the STP Port/Trunk Configuration page
(i.e., true or false), but will be set to false if a BPDU is received,
indicating that another bridge is attached to this port.
•Port Role – Roles are assigned according to whether the port
is part of the active Spanning Tree topology:
- Root: The port is connecting the bridge to the root bridge.
- Designated: The port is connecting a LAN through the bridge
to the root bridge.
- Alternate or Backup: A port that may provide connectivity
if other bridges, bridge ports, or LANs fail or are removed.
- Disabled: The role is set to disabled if a port has no role
within the Spanning Tree.
•Trunk Member — Indicates whether the port is configured as
a trunk member. (STP Port Information page only)
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PANNING TREE PROTOCOL CONFIGURATION
These additional parameters are only displayed for the CLI:
•Admin status – Shows if STA has been enabled on this
interface.
•Path Cost – This parameter is used by the STA to determine
the best path between devices. Therefore, lower values should
be assigned to ports attached to faster media, and higher values
assigned to ports with slower media. (Path cost takes
precedence over port priority.)
•Priority – Defines the priority used for this port in the
Spanning Tree Algorithm. If the path cost for all ports on a
switch is the same, the port with the highest priority (i.e.,
lowest value) will be configured as an active link in the
Spanning Tree. This makes a port with higher priority less likely
to be blocked if the Spanning Tree Algorithm is detecting
network loops. Where more than one port is assigned the
highest priority, the port with the lowest numeric identifier will
be enabled.
•Designated root – The priority and MAC address of the device
in the Spanning Tree that this switch has accepted as the root
device.
•Fast forwarding – This field provides the same information as
Admin Edge port, and is only included for backward
compatibility with earlier products.
•Admin Link Type – The link type attached to this interface.
- Point-to-Point – A connection to exactly one other bridge.
- Shared – A connection to two or more bridges.
- Auto – The switch automatically determines if the interface is
attached to a point-to-point link or to shared media.
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ONFIGURING THE SWITCH
•Admin Edge Port – You can enable this option if an interface
is attached to a LAN segment that is at the end of a bridged LAN
or to an end node. Since end nodes cannot cause forwarding
loops, they can pass directly through to the spanning tree
forwarding state. Specifying Edge Ports provides quicker
convergence for devices such as workstations or servers,
retains the current forwarding database to reduce the amount
of frame flooding required to rebuild address tables during
reconfiguration events, does not cause the spanning tree to
reconfigure when the interface changes state, and also
overcomes other STA-related timeout problems. However,
remember that Edge Port should only be enabled for ports
connected to an end-node device.
Web – Click Spanning Tree, STP Port Information or STP Trunk
Information.
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PANNING TREE PROTOCOL CONFIGURATION
CLI – This example displys the current Spanning Tree status of a
port.
Console#show spanning-tree ethernet 1/53-128
Eth 1/ 5 information
------------------------------------------------------------- Admin status : enable
Role : designate
State : forwarding
Path cost : 100000
Priority : 128
Designated cost : 0
Designated port : 128.5
Designated root : 32768.000011112222
Designated bridge : 32768.000011112222
Fast forwarding : disable
Forward transitions : 1
Admin edge port : disable
Oper edge port : disable
Admin Link type : auto
Oper Link type : point-to-point
Console#
STP Port and Trunk Configuration
You can configure RSTP attributes for specific interfaces, including
port priority, path cost, link type, and edge port. You may use a
different priority or path cost for ports of same media type to
indicate the preferred path, link type to indicate a point-to-point
connection or shared-media connection, and edge port to indicate
if the attached device can support fast forwarding. (References to
“ports” in this section means “interfaces,” which includes both
ports and trunks.)
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ONFIGURING THE SWITCH
Command Attributes
•STP State — Displays current state of this port within the
Spanning Tree:
- Discarding — Port receives STP configuration messages, but
does not forward packets.
- Learning — Port has transmitted configuration messages for
an interval set by the Forward Delay parameter without
receiving contradictory information. Port address table is
cleared, and the port begins learning addresses.
- Forwarding — Port forwards packets, and continues
learning addresses.
•Priority — Defines the priority used for this port in the
Spanning Tree Protocol. If the path cost for all ports on a switch
is the same, the port with the highest priority (i.e., lowest value)
will be configured as an active link in the Spanning Tree. This
makes a port with higher priority less likely to be blocked if the
Spanning Tree Protocol is detecting network loops. Where
more than one port is assigned the highest priority, the port
with lowest numeric identifier will be enabled. (Default: 128;
Range: 0-240, in steps of 16)
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PANNING TREE PROTOCOL CONFIGURATION
•Path Cost — This parameter is used by the STP to determine
the best path between devices. Therefore, lower values should
be assigned to ports attached to faster media, and higher values
assigned to ports with slower media. (Path cost takes
precedence over port priority.)
- Range —
Ethernet: 200,000-20,000,000
Fast Ethernet: 20,000-2,000,000
Gigabit Ethernet: 2,000-200,000
- Defaults —
Ethernet — half duplex: 2,000,000; full duplex: 1,000,000;
trunk: 500,000
Fast Ethernet — half duplex: 200,000; full duplex: 100,000;
trunk: 50,000
Gigabit Ethernet — full duplex: 10,000; trunk: 5,000
Note: When the Path Cost Method is set to short, the maximum
path cost is 65,535.
•Admin Link Type — The link type attached to this interface.
(Default: Auto)
- Point-to-Point — A connection to exactly one other bridge.
- Shared — A connection to two or more bridges.
- Auto — The switch automatically determines if the interface
is attached to a point-to-point link or to shared media.
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ONFIGURING THE SWITCH
•Admin Edge Port — You can enable this option if an interface
is attached to a LAN segment that is at the end of a bridged LAN
or to an end node. Since end nodes cannot cause forwarding
loops, they can pass directly through to the Spanning Tree
forwarding state. Specifying Edge Ports provides quicker
convergence for devices such as workstations or servers,
retains the current forwarding database to reduce the amount
of frame flooding required to rebuild address tables during
reconfiguration events, does not cause the Spanning Tree to
initiate reconfiguration when the interface changes state, and
also overcomes other STP-related timeout problems. However,
remember that Edge Port should only be enabled for ports
connected to an end-node device.
•Migration — Re-checks the appropriate BPDU format to send
on the selected interface. If at any time the switch detects STP
BPDUs, including Configuration or Topology Change
Notification BPDUs, it will automatically set the selected
interface to forced STP-compatible mode. However, you can
also check this Migration check box to manually re-check the
appropriate BPDU format (RSTP or STP-compatible) to send on
the selected interfaces.
•Trunk – Specifies if a port is member of a trunk.
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