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Tel.: +53 78 46 00 al 02
Fax: +53 78 46 03
e-mail: ventas@smar.com
Smar Laboratories Corporation
6001 Stonington Street, Suite 100
Houston, TX 77040
Tel.: +1 713 849-2021
Fax: +1 713 849-2022
e-mail: sa le s@ sm ar . com
For the latest u pdates, please visit the SMAR website above.
FRANCE
Smar France S. A. R. L.
42, rue du Pavé des Gardes
F-92370 Chaville
Tel.: +33 1 41 15-0220
Fax: +33 1 41 15-0219
e-mail: smar.am@wanadoo.fr
SINGAPORE
Smar Singapore Pte. Ltd.
315 Outram Road
#06-07, Tan Boon Liat Building
Singapore 169074
Tel.: +65 6324-0182
Fax: +65 6324-0183
e-mail: info@smar.com.sg
Smar Research Corporation
4250 Veterans Memorial Hwy.
Suite 156
Holbrook , NY 11741
Tel: +1-631-737-3111
Fax: +1-631-737-3892
e-mail: sa le s@ sm ar r ese a rch . co m
Introduction
Introduction
The LD302 is part of first generation of Fieldbus devices. It is a transmitter for differential, absolute
and gauge pressure, level and flow measurements. It is based on a field-proven capacitive sensor
that provides reliable operation and high performance. The digital technology used in the LD302
enables the choice of several types of transfer functions, and easy interface between the field and
the control room. Also it has several interesting features that will considerably reduce the
installation, operation and maintenance costs.
The LD302 is part of Smar's complete 302 line of Fieldbus devices.
Fieldbus is not only a replacement for 4-20 mA or intelligent / smart transmitter protocols, it contains
much more. Fieldbus is a complete system enabling distribution of the control function to equip ment
in the field.
Some of the advantages of bi-directional digital communications are known from e xisting smart
transmitter protocols: Higher accuracy, multi-variable access, remote configuration and diagnostics,
and the multi-dropping of several devices on a single pair of wires.
These protocols are not intended to transfer control data, but maintenance information. Therefore
they are slow and too inefficient to be used.
The main requirements for Fieldbus are to overcome these problems. Closed loop control with
performance like a 4-20 mA system requires higher speed. Since higher speed means higher power
consumption, this clashes with the need for intrinsic safety.
Therefore, a moderately high communication speed has been selected, and the system was
designed to have a minimum of communication overhead. Using scheduling, the system controls
variable sampling, algorithm execution, and communication so as to optimize the usage of the
network, will not lose time. Thus, high closed loop performance is achieved.
Using Fieldbus technology, with its capability to interconnect several devices, very large control
schemes can be constructed. In order to be user friendly, the function block concept was introduced
(users of SMAR CD600 should be familiar with this, since it was implemented several years ago).
The user may now easily build and overview complex control strategies. Another advantage was
added: flexibility. The control strategy may be edited without having to rewire or change any
hardware.
The LD302, like the rest of the 302 family, has several built-in Function Blocks, such as the PID
controller, Input Selector and Splitter/Output Selector, therefore eliminating the need for a separate
control device. This feature reduces communication, so there is less dead-time and tighter control,
not to mention the reduction in cost.
Other function blocks are also available. They allow flexibility in control strategy implementation.
The need for implementation of Fieldbus in small as well as large systems was considered when
developing the entire 302 line of Fieldbus devices. T hey have the common features of being able to
act as a master on the network and be configured locally using a magnetic tool, eliminating the need
for a configurator or console in many basic applications.
The LD302 is available as a product of its own, but also replaces the circuit board for the LD301.
They both use the same sensor board. Refer to the maintenance section of this manual for
instructions on upgrading. The LD302 is part of SMAR's Series 302 of Fieldbus devices.
The LD302, like its predecessor LD301, has many built-in blocks, eliminating the need for a
separate control device. The communication requirement is considerably reduced, and that means
less dead-time and tighter control is achieved, not to mention the reduction in cost. They allow
flexibility in control strategy implementation.
Get the best results of the LD302 by carefully reading these instructions.
III
LD302 - Operation and Maintenance Instruction Manual
This Manual is compatible with version 3.XX, where 3
denotes software version and XX software release. The
indication 3.XX means that this manual is compatible
with any release of software version 3.
THE DISPLAY.............................................................................................................................................................. 2.3
HOW TO CONFIGURE A TRANSDUCER BLOCK .....................................................................................................3.1
LOWER AND UPPER TRIM ........................................................................................................................................3.2
PRESSURE TRIM – LD302.........................................................................................................................................3.3
THROUGH LOCAL ADJUSTMENT.............................................................................................................................3.5
SENSOR INFORMATION ........................................................................................................................................... 3.7
TEMPERATURE TRIM ................................................................................................................................................ 3.8
SENSOR DATA READING..........................................................................................................................................3.8
UPGRADING LD301 TO LD302 ..................................................................................................................................4.6
CONTROL DRAWING .................................................................................................................................................5.6
V
LD302 - Operation and Maintenance Instruction Manual
VI
Section 1
General
Installation
The overall accuracy of a flow, level, or pressure measurement depends on several variables.
Although the transmitter has an outstanding performance, proper installation is essential to
maximize its performance.
Among all factors, which may affect transmitter accuracy, environmental conditions are the most
difficult to control. There are, however, ways of reducing the effects of temperature, humidity and
vibration.
The LD302 has a built-in temperature sensor to compensate for temperature variations. At the
factory, each transmitter is submitted to a temperature cycle process, and the characteristics under
different pressures and temperatures are recorded in the transmitter memory. In the field, this
feature minimizes the temperature variation effect.
Placing the transmitter in areas protected from extreme environmental changes can minimize
temperature oscillation effects.
The transmitter should be installed a way as to avoid, as much as possible, direct exposure to the
sun or any source of irradiated heat. Installation close to lines and vessels should also be avoided.
Use longer sections of impulse piping between tap and transmitter whenever there is a high
temperature process. The use of sunshades or heat shields to protect the transmitter from external
heat sources should be considered.
Mounting
Humidity is fatal for electronic circuits. In humidity exposed areas, the O-rings for the electronic
housing covers must be correctly placed and the covers must be completely closed by tightening
them by hand until the O-rings are compressed.
Do not use tools to close the covers. Removal of the electronics cover in the field should be reduced
to the minimum necessary, as each time it is removed; the circuits are exposed to the humidity. T he
electronic circuit is protected by a humidity proof coating, but frequent exposure to humidity may
affect the protection provided. It is also important to keep the covers tightened in place. Every time
they are removed, the threads are exposed to corrosion, since painting cannot protect these parts.
Code-approved sealing methods should be employed on the inlet conduit the transmitter. T he
unused outlet connection should be plugged accordingly.
Although the transmitter is virtually insensitive to vibration, installation close to pumps, turbines or
other vibrating equipment should be avoided.
Proper winterization (freeze protection) should be employed to prevent freezing within the
measuring chamber, since this will result in an inoperative transmitter and could even damage the
cell.
NOTE
When installing or storing the transmitter, the diaphragm must be protected to
avoid scratching-denting or perforation of its s urface.
The transmitter has been designed to be heavy duty and lightweight at the same time. This makes
its mounting easier; mounting positions are shown in Figure 1.1 - Dimensional Drawing and
Mounting Position for LD302.
Existing standards for the manifolds have also been considered, and standard designs fit perfectly
to the transmitter flanges.
If the process fluid contain solids in suspension, install valves or rod-out fittings at regular intervals
to clean out the pipes.
1.1
LD302 - Operation and Maintenance Instruction Manual
The pipes should be internally cleaned by using steam or compressed air, or by draining the line
with the process fluid, before such lines are connected to the transmitter (blow-down). Do not allow
steam in the measuring chamber.
Follow operating safety rules during wiring, draining or blow-down.
Some examples of installation, illustrating the position of the transmitter according to the taps, are
shown in Figure 1.3 - Position of the Transmitter and Taps. The location of pressure taps and the
relative position of the transmitter are indicated in Table 1.1 - Location of Pressure Taps.
Process
Fluid
Location
of Taps
Best Location for the LD302 in
Relation to the Taps
Gas Top or Side Above the Taps
Liquid Side Below the Taps or at the Piping Centerline
Steam Side Below the Taps using Sealing (Condensate) Pots
Table 1.1 - Location of Pressure Taps
1.2
Installation
A
(
)
A
A
)
Dimensions are mm (in
Ø83
(Ø3.26)
1/4-18 NP T
(Withou t Adapters)
Drain f or Vent
1/2-14 N PT
(With Adap ters)
113
(4.44)
Y
Z
179
(7.04)
Allow 150 mm minimum f or local
zero and span adjustme nt with
magnetic tool
Terminal
Connecti ns
41,3
(1.62)
DN-50
94
(3.70)
RANGE
F1-F2-F3
F4
F5
F6
Mountin g Bracket
DIMENSIONS
Y
inmm
54,0
2,13
56,0
2,20
58,3
2,30
58,7
2,31
Electr ical
Connecti on
Z
mm in
68,6
2,70
2,78
70,6
2,87
72,9
73,3
2,89
47,5
(1.87)
83
3.26
72,5
(2.85)
100,5
(3.9 5)
97
(3.81)
181
(7.1 2)
7.34
186,5
dapter
(Without A dapters)
Drain for Vent
1/4"-18 NPT
1/2"-14 NP T
(Wi th A da pter s)
Electr ical
llow 150mm minimum f or local
83
(3.26)
97
(3.81)
zero and s pan adjustment with
magneti c tool
E
Level D iaphragm
Terminal
Connectio ns
113
(4.44)
Connecti on
Ø83
(3.26)
Screws
182
(7.16)
ØF
ØG
ØA
ØB
Label
45 máx
(1.77)
(3.78)
D
96
C
NSI-B 16.5 DIMENSIONS
A
CLASS
DN
150
300
2"
150
300
3"
600
150
4"
300
600
DN
PN
50
80
10/40
10/16
100
25/40
B# HOLES
120, 7
152, 4
165, 1
127
165, 1600
127
152, 4
190, 5
168, 1
209, 5
209, 5 168, 1
190, 5
228, 6
254
200
215, 9
273
DIN2501/2526 FORMA D DIMENSIONS
AB
12516510/40
200
160
220
180
235
190
D
C
1,6
22
22,8
1,6
6,432,3
24,4
1,6
1,6
29
38,76,422,2
1,6
24,4
1,6
32,2
6,4
45
C
DE
24
3
203
24
3
Level D iaphragm
with extension
F
EG
91,9
19,1
19,1
19,1
19,1
22,2
19,1
22,3
25,4
18320
18
18
22
91,9
91,9
127
127
158
158
138
162
48
4
48
8
48
8
73
4
73
8
873127
96
8
96
8
96158
8
# HOLES
G
F
448102
73
8
96158
8
96
8
72,5
(2.85)
100,5
(3.95)
Figure 1.1 - Dimensional Drawing and Mounting Position for LD302
1.3
LD302 - Operation and Maintenance Instruction Manual
(See section 5 - spare par ts list
for mount ing backe ts available)
Figure 1.2 - Dimensional Drawing and Mounting Position for LD302
PANE L MOUNT ING
Except for dry gases, all impulse lines should slope at the ratio 1:10, in order to
avoid trapping bubbles in the case of liquids, or condensation from steam or
wet gases.
1.4
Figure 1.3 - Position of the Transmitter and Taps
NOTE
Housing Rotation
Installation
The housing can be rotated in order to get the digital display in better position. To rotate it, release
the Housing Rotation Set Screw. (See Figure 4.3 - For Possible Positions of the Display)
WARNING
EXPLOSION PROOF INSTALLATIONS
The electronic housing and the sensor assembly in potentially explosive atmospheres must have a minimum
of 6 threads fully engaged. The provided joint allows 1 extra turn. Try to adjust the display window position by
rotating the housing clockwise. If the thread reaches the end before the desired position, then rotate the
housing counterclockwise, but not by more than one turn of the thread end. Transmitters have a stopper that
restricts housing rotation to one turn. See Figure 4.1 - Sensor Rotation Stopper.
The digital display itself can also be rotated. (See Figure 4.3 - Four Possible Positions of the
Display)
Reach the wiring block by removing the Electrical Connection Cover. This cover can be locked
closed by the cover locking screw (Figure 1.4). To release the cover, rotate the locking screw
clockwise.
Figure 1.4 - Housing Rotation Set Screw
For convenience there are three ground terminals: one inside the cover and two externals, located
close to the conduit entries. See Figure 1.5.
Figure 1.5 - Terminal Block
1.5
LD302 - Operation and Maintenance Instruction Manual
CO
Please refer to the General Installation, Operation and Maintenance Manual for more details.
The Figure 1.6 - Conduit Installation Diagram, shows the correct installation of the conduit, in order
to avoid penetration of water, or other substance, which may cause malfunctioning of the
equipment.
WIRES
RRECT
Figure 1.6 - Conduit Installation Diagram.
NOTE
INCORRECT
NOTE
The transmitters are calibrated in the vertical position and a different mounting position displaces the zero
point. In these conditions, it is recommended to do the zero pressure trim. The zero trim is to compensate
the final assembly position and its performance, when the transmitter is in its final position. When the
zero trim is executed, make sure the equalization valve is open and the wet leg levels are correct.
For the absolute pressure transmitter, the assembly effects correction should be done using the Lower
trim, due to the fact that the absolute zero, is the reference for these transmitters, so there is no need for
a zero value for the Lower trim.
When the sensor is in the horizontal position, the weight of the fluid pushes the diaphragm down,
making it necessary a Lower Pressure Trim.
DIAPHRAGM SENSOR
DIAPHRAGM SENSOR
HEAD OF THE FLUID
SENSOR IN THE VERTICAL POSITIONSENSOR IN THE HORIZONTAL POSITION
1.6
Fig. 1.7 - Sensor Positions
Bus and Tree Topology and Network Configuration
The LD302 uses the 31.25 kbit/s voltage mode option for the physical signaling. All other devices on
the same bus must use the same signaling. All devices are connected in parallel along the same
pair of wires.
Many types of Fieldbus devices may be connected on the same bus.
The LD302 is powered via the bus. The limit for such devices is 16 for one bus for non-intrinsically
safe requirement.
In hazardous area, the number of devices may be limited by intrinsically safe restrictions.
The LD302 is protected against reverse polarity, and can withstand ±35 VDC without damage.
However it will not work in this situation.
Connection of the LD302 working in bus topology is in Figure 1.8.
Connection of the LD302 working in tree topology is in Figure 1.9.
The connection of couplers should be kept at less than 15 per 250 m.
WARNING
In hazardous areas with explosion proof requirements, the covers must be tightened with at least 8 turns. In
order to avoid moisture penetration or corrosive gases, tighten the Cover until the O'ring touches the
housing. Then, tighten another 1/3 turn (120q) to guarantee the sealing. Lock the covers using the locking
screw.
Installation
In hazardous zones with intrinsically safe or non incendive requirements, the circuit entity parameters a nd
applicable installation procedures must be observed.
Cable access to wiring connections is obtained by the two conduit outlets. Conduit threads should be
sealed by means of code-approved sealing methods. The unused outlet connection should be plugged and
sealed accordingly.
Should other certifications be necessary, refer to the certification or specific standard for installation
limitations.
1.7
LD302 - Operation and Maintenance Instruction Manual
Figure 1.8 - Bus Topology
1.8
Figure 1.9 -Tree Topology
LD2EM 106.CDR
Section 2
H
H
H
Operation
The LD302 Series Pressure Transmitters use capacitive sensors (capacitive cells) as pressure
sensing elements, as shown in Figure 2.1 - Capacitive Cell. This is the same sensor that is used in
the LD301 series, the sensor modules are therefore interchangeable.
Figure 2.1 - Capacitive Cell
Functional Description - Sensor
Where,
P
and P2 are the pressures and P1tP
1
CH = Capacitance between the fixed plate on P1 side and the sensing diaphragm.
CL = Capacitance between the fixed plate on the P
d = Distance between CH and CL fixed plates.
'd = Sensing diaphragm's deflection due to the differential pressure 'P = P
Knowing that the capacitance of a capacitor with flat, parallel plates may be expressed as a function
of plate area (A) and distance (d) between the plates:
ACu
|
d
Where,
H
= Dielectric constant of the medium between the capacitor's plates.
A
CH|
|
The CH and CL should be considered as capacitances of flat and parallel plates with identical areas,
however, should the differential pressure ('P) applied to the capacitive cell not deflect the sensing
diaphragm beyond d/4, it is possible to assume 'P as proportional to 'd, that is:
u
d
(
d
'
)
2
and
2
side and the sensing diaphragm.
2
- P2.
1
A
u
d
)
(
2
CL
d
'
By developing the expression (CL - CH)/(CL + CH), it follows that:
d'v'P
2.1
LD302 - Operation and Maintenance Instruction Manual
H
CHCL'
2
C
CL
Though distance (d) between the fixed plates CH and CL is constant. It is possible to conclude that
the expression (CL - CH)/(CL + CH) is proportional to 'd and therefore, to the differential pressure
to be measured.
Thus, it is possible to conclude that the capacitive cell is a pressure sensor formed by two
capacitors whose capacitances vary according to the applied differential pressure.
d
d
Functional Description – Electronics
Refer to the block diagram Figure 2.2 - LD302 Block Diagram Hardware.
The function of each block is described below.
2.2
Figure 2.2 - LD302 Block Diagram Hardware
Oscillator
This oscillator generates a frequency as a function of sensor capacitance.
Signal Isolator
The control signals from the CPU and the signal from the oscillator are isolated to avoid ground
loops.
Central Processing Unit (CPU), RAM, FLASH and EEPROM
The CPU is the intelligent portion of the transmitter; it is responsible for the management and
operation of measurement, block execution, self-diagnostics and communication. The program is
stored in a FLASH memory for easy upgrade and saves the data in case of a power down. For
temporary storage of data there is a RAM. The data in the RAM is lost if the power is switched off,
however the main board has a nonvolatile EEPROM memory where the static data configured that
must be retained is stored. Examples of such data are the following: calibration, links and
identification data.
Sensor EEPROM
Another EEPROM is located within the sensor assembly. It contains data pertaining to the sensor's
characteristics at different pressures and temperatures. This characterization is done for each
sensor at the factory. It also contains the factory settings; they are useful in case of main board
replacement, when its does an automatic upload of data from the sensor board to main board.
The Display
Operation
Fieldbus Modem
Monitors line activity, modulates and demodulates communication signals, inserts and deletes start
and end delimiters, and checks integrity of frame received.
Power Supply
Takes power from the loop-line to power the transmitter circuitry.
Power Isolation
Isolates the signals from the input section, the power to the input section must be isolated.
Display Controller
Receives data from the CPU, identifying which segments on the liquid crystal Display to turn on. The
controller drives the display background and the segment control signals.
Local Adjustment
There are two switches that are magnetically activated. A magnetic tool without mechanical or
electrical contact can activate them.
The integral indicator can display one or two variables, which are user selectable. When two
variables are chosen, the display will alternate within an interval of 3 seconds.
The liquid crystal display includes a 4 ½ numeric digits field, a 5 alphanumeric digits field and an
information field, as shown in Figure 2.3.
Figure 2.3 - LCD Indicator
2.3
LD302 - Operation and Maintenance Instruction Manual
2.4
Section 3
Transducer Block
Configuration
One of the many advantages of Fieldbus is that device configuration does not depend on the
configurator since the technology works with device descriptions and the interoperability concepts.
The LD302 may be configured from a third party terminal or an operator console. A particular
configurator is therefore not addressed here.
This section describes the characteristics of the blocks in the LD302. They follow the Fieldbus
specifications, but as for of transducer blocks, the input transducer block and display, they have
other special features.
The transducer block insulates the function blocks from the specific I/O hardware, such as sensors
or actuators. The transducer block controls access to the I/O through the manufacturer specific
implementation. This allows the transducer block to be executed as frequently as necessary to
obtain good data from sensors without burdening the function blocks that use the data. It also
insulates the function block from the manufacturer specific characteristics of certain hardware.
By accessing the hardware, the transducer block can get data from the I/O or pass control data to it.
The connection between a Transducer block and a Function block is called a channel. These blocks
can exchange data from their interface.
Usually, the transducer blocks perform functions, such as linearization, characterization,
temperature compensation, hardware control and data exchange.
How to Configure a Transducer Block
Each time a field device is selected on the SYSCON by instantiating them on the Operation menu,
automatically a transducer block appears on the screen.
The icon indicates that a transducer block has been created, and by clicking twice on the icon, it can
be accessed.
The transducer block has an algorithm, a set of contained parameters and a channel connecting it to
a function block.
The algorithm describes the behavior of the transducer as a data transfer function between the I/O
hardware and other function blocks. The set of contained parameters are unable to link to other
blocks. These contained parameters define the user interface to the transducer block. They can be
divided into Standard and Manufacturer Specific.
The standard parameters will be present for pressure, temperature, actuation devices, etc.,
regardless of the manufacturer. Oppositely, the manufacturers’ specific ones are defined by
themselves for their own purposes. As common manufacturer specific parameters, there are
calibration settings, material information, linearization curve, etc.
When a standard routine calibration is performed, the user conducts a step by step method. The
method is generally defined as a guideline to help the user with common tasks. The SYSCON
identifies each method associated with the parameters and enables the interface to it.
3.1
LD302 – Operation and Maintenance Instruction Manual
The SYSCON configuration software can configure many parameters of the Input Transducer block.
The device was
instantiated as
LD302
Here, you can see all
blocks instantiated.
Lower and Upper Trim
Each sensor has a characteristic curve that relates the applied pressure and the sensor signal. This
curve is determined for each sensor and it is stored in a memory along with the sensor. When the
sensor is connected to the transmitter circuit, the content of its memory is made available to the
microprocessor.
Sometimes the value on the transmitter display and the transducer block reading may not match to
the applied pressure.
The reasons may be:
As you can see the
Transducer and Display are
treated as special type of
Function Blocks, called
Transducer Blocks.
Figure 3.1 - Function and Transducer Blocks
The transmitter mounting position.
The user's pressure standard differs from the factory standard.
The transmitter had its original characterization curve shifted by overpressure, over heating or by
long term drift.
The TRIM is used to match the reading with the applied pressure.
There are two types of trim available:
Lower Trim: It is used to trim the reading at the lower range. The operator informs the LD302 of the
correct reading for the applied pressure. The most common discrepancy is the lower reading.
Check on section 1, the note on the influence of the mounting position on the indicator.
For better accuracy, the trim adjustment should be made in the in the lower and upper values of the
operation range values.
Upper Trim: It is used to trim the reading at the upper range. The operator informs the correct
reading for the applied pressure.
For accuracy, trim should be done within the operating range. The Figure 3.2 - LD302 SYSCON Transducer Configuration Screen, Figure 3.3 - LD302 SYSCON - Transducer Configuration Screen
and Figure 3.4 – LD302 SYSCON - Transducer Configuration Screen below shows the trim
adjustment operation into SYSCON.
3.2
NOTE:
Pressure Trim - LD302
Via SYSCON
It is possible to calibrate the transmitter through the parameters CAL_POINT_LO and
CAL_POINT_HI.
A convenient engineering unit should be chosen before starting the calibration. This engineering
unit is configured by the CAL_UNIT parameter. After its configuration the parameters related to
calibration will be converted to this unit.
Configuration
The parameter
CAL_UNIT should
be configured
according to the
desired Engineering
Unit in the device
calibration process
The
Engineering
Units can be
chosen from
the Pressure
Units list bo x.
After the
selection this
key should be
pressed to
complete the
operation
The following engineering unit's codes are defined for pressure according to Fieldbus Foundation
standard:
UNITCODES
InH2O a 68qF1148
InHg a 0qC1156
ftH2O a 68qF
mmH2O a 68qF
MmHg a 0qC
1154
1151
1158
Psi 1141
Bar 1137
mbar 1138
g/cm2 1144
kg/cm2 1145
Pa
1130
Kpa 1133
Torr 1139
Atm
1140
Mpa 1132
inH2O a 4qC
mmH2O a 4qC
1147
1150
3.3
LD302 – Operation and Maintenance Instruction Manual
CAL_UNIT allows the user to select different units for calibration purposes than the units defined by
SENSOR_RANGE. The SENSOR_RANGE parameter defines the maximum and minimum values
the sensor is capable of indicating, the engineering units used, and the decimal point.
Let’s take the lower value as an example:
Apply the input zero or the lower pressure value in an engineering unit, (the same used in parameter
CAL_UNIT), and wait for the readout of the parameter PRIMARY_VALUE to stabilize.
Write zero or the lower value in the parameter CAL_POINT_LO. For each value written a calibration
is performed at the desired point.
The Lower Range
Value should be
entered. This value
must be within of
the Sensor range
limi ts a llowed for
each type of
sensor.
In this case, a
range 2 se nsor is
used: The URL is
0 mmH2O or 0
Let’s take the upper value as an example:
Apply the input to the upper value of 5,000mmH2O of pressure and wait for the readout of the
parameter PRIMARY_VALUE to stabilize. Then, write the upper value, (5,000mmH2O) in the
parameter CAL_POINT_HI. For each value written a calibration is performed at the desired point.
The Upper Range
Value should be
entered. This
value must be
withi n of t he
Se nsor ra nge
limi ts a llowed for
each type of
sensor.
In this case, a
range 2
sensor is
used: The
URL is 5080
mmH2O or
200 inH2O.
It is recommended that a convenient engineering unit be chosen
through the XD_SCALE parameter of the Analog Input Block,
considering that the range limits of the sensor must be respected.
(100% and 0%).
It is also recommended for every new calibration, to save e xisting
trim data in parameters CAL_POINT_LO_BACKUP and
CAL_POINT_HI_BACKUP, by means of parameter
BACKUP_RESTORE, using option LAST_TRIM_BACKUP.
Through Local Adjustment
In order to enter the local adjustment mode, place the magnetic tool in the orifice “ Z” until flag “MD”
lights up on the display. Remove the magnetic tool from “ Z” and place it in orifice “ S”. Remove and
reinsert the magnetic tool in “S” until the message “LOC ADJ” is displayed. The message will be
displayed for approximately 5 seconds after the user removes the magnetic tool from “S”. The upper
value is taken as an example:
Apply to the input a pressure of 5,000mmH2O.
Wait for the pressure readout of the parameter P_VAL (PRIMARY_VALUE) to stabilize and then set
the UPPER parameter until it reads 5,000.
The exit of the trim mode on the local adjustment occurs
automatically when the magnetic tool is not used for 15 seconds
Even when parameters LOWER or UPPER already present the
desired value, they must be actuated so that calibration is
performed.
Configuration
WARNING
NOTE
Limit Conditions for Calibration:
For every writing operation in the transducer blocks there is an indication for the operation
associated with the waiting method. These codes appear in parameter XD_ERROR. Every time a
calibration is performed. Code 0, for example, indicates a successfully performed operation.
Codes for XD_ERROR:
16: D efa ult V alue S et
22: Out of Range.
26: Invalid Calibration Request.
27: Excessive Correction.
Characterization Trim
It is used to correct the sensor reading in several points.
Use an accurate and stable pressure source, preferably a dead-weight tester. To guarantee the
accuracy, the tester should be at least three times more accurate than the transmitter. Wait for the
pressure to stabilize before performing the trim.
NOTE
3.5
LD302 – Operation and Maintenance Instruction Manual
The sensor characteristic curve at a certain temperature and for certain ranges may be slightly
nonlinear. This eventual non-linearity may be corrected through the Characterization Trim.
The user may characterize the transmitter throughout the operating range, obtaining even better
accuracy.
The characterization is determined from two to five points. Just apply the pressure and inform the
transmitter the pressure that is being applied.
The characterization trim cha nges the transmitter characteristics.
Read the instructions carefully and verify that a pressure standard with accuracy of 0.03% or better is being
used; otherwise the transmitter accuracy will be seriously affected.
Characterize a minimum of two points. These points will define the characterization curve. The
maximum number of points is five. It is recommended to select the points equally distributed over
the desired range or over a part of the range where more accuracy is required.
The Figure 3.5 - The Characterization Curve Configuration shows the SYSCON window to
characterize a new curve. Note that CURVE_X indicates the applied pressure according to the
standard pressure source. CURVEX_Y indicates measured pressure value to LD302.
The number of points is configured in the parameter CURVE_LENGTH, being in the maximum of 5
points. The entry points will be configured in the CURVE_X and of output in the CURVE_Y.
WARNING
This parameter
identifies the
number of valid
points.
The Parameter CURVE_BYPASS_LD controls the enabling/disabling of the curve and has the
following options:
"Disable",
"Enable and Backup Cal " ,
"Disable and Restore Cal " ,
"Disable or Allows to enter the points"
To configure the points of the curve, the option "Disable or Allows to enter the points " must be
chosen. Apply the desired pressure and wait until it stabilizes. (During stabilization, read the
normalized pressure through PRESS_NORMAL parameter and with the pressure being applied,
write in the parameters CURVE_X and CURVE_Y respectively). Finally it is necessary to write in the
CURVE_LENGTH parameter, the number of configured points, from 2 to 5 points. In case the curve
is not to be confirmed, choose the option " Disable and Restore Cal". For enabling and saving the
calibration settings, choose "Enable and Backup Cal".
Its C haracterizati o n
Curve can ha ve 2 to
5 points. These
points should be
between the
calibrated range for
better results.
Figure 3.5 - The Characterization Curve Configuration
3.6
Configuration
This parameter
activates or
deactivates the
Characterization
Curve after the
points ha ve been
co nfi g ured.
Figure 3.6 - The Characterization Curve Configuration
Sensor Information
The main information about the transmitter can be accessed by selecting the Transducer block icon
option as shown in Figure 3.10 - Creating Transducers and Function Blocks. The sensor information
will be displayed as shown below.
By the list box the user
can enable or disable
the Characterization
Curve, enter the points,
restore or backup the
curve entered. This
parameter should be
used preferably by a
calibration method.
This parameter
assigns the
Engineering Units for
all parameters re lated
to calibration methods.
Usually, they start their
names with
CAL_UNIT.
The appropriate
calibration unit can be
chosen by selecting
the Engineering Units
available for each type
of Transducer Block
Figure 3.7 - Transducer Block - Sensor Information
Only application dependent options defined by combo boxes can be changed. (E.g. Flange Type, O'
Ring Material, etc.) And the others are only factory configured (e.g. Sensor Isolating Diaphragm,
Sensor Fluid, etc.).
3.7
LD302 – Operation and Maintenance Instruction Manual
Temperature Trim
Write in the TEMPERATURE_TRIM parameter any value in the range of -40qC to +85qC. After that,
check the calibration performance using the SECONDARY_ VALUE parameter.
By a djus ting this
parameter to the
current temperature,
the device's
temperature
indication is
automa tically
adjusted.
Figure 3.8 - The Temperature Trim Configuration
Sensor Data Reading
When the transmitter LD302 is on, it is verified that the serial number of the sensor in the sensor
board is the same as the recorded serial number in the E2PROM in the main board. When these
numbers are different (a swap of sensor set or main board was carried through) the data stored in
the E2PROM of the sensor board is copied to the E2PROM of the main board.
Usually, its
operation is
done by a
method in
the facto ry.
3.8
Through the parameter BACKUP_RESTORE, this reading can be made, choosing the option
"SENSOR_DATA_RESTORE". The operation, in this case, is independent of the sensor serial
number. Through the option "SENSOR_DATA_BACKUP", the sensor data stored in the main board
EEPROM memory can be saved in the E2PROM of the sensor board. (This operation is done at
factory).
Through this parameter, we can recover default data from the factory about sensor and last saved
calibration settings, as well as calibrations. These are the following options:
xFactory Cal Restore: Recover last calibration settings made at factory;
xLast Cal Restore: Recover last calibration settings made by user and saved as backup;
xDefault Data Restore: Restore all data as default;
xSensor Data Restore: Restore sensor data saved in the sensor board and copy them to
main board EEPROM memory.
xFactory Cal Backup: Copy the actual calibration settings to the factory ones;
xLast Cal Backup: Copy the actual calibration settings to the backup ones;
xSensor Data Backup: Copy the sensor data at main board EEPROM memory to the
EEPROM memory located at the sensor board;
xNone:Default value, no action is done.
Configuration
This parameter is
used to save or
restore the default
factory or user
co nfi g urati on
stored at the
sensor module.
Figure 3.9 - Transducer Block - Backup/Restore
Transducer Display - Configuration
Using the SYSCON it is possible to configure the Display Transducer block.
The Transducer Display is treated as a normal block by SYSCON. It means, this block has some
parameters and those can be configured according to the customer's needs. (See the Figure 3.10 –
Creating Transducers and Function Blocks.
By selecting the
options contained in
the list box,
operations of
backup and restore
data in the sensor
module can be
selected.
Using its option,
the user can save
the las t calibra tion
settings.
The customer can choose the parameters to be shown on the LCD display, they can be parameters
just for monitoring purpose or for acting locally in the field devices by using a magnetic tool.
Figure 3.10 - Creating Transducers and Function Blocks
3.9
LD302 – Operation and Maintenance Instruction Manual
Display Transducer Block
The local adjustment is completely configured by SYSCON. It means, the user can select the best
options to fit his application. From the factory, it is configured with the options to set the Upper and
Lower trim, for monitoring the input transducer output and check the Tag. Usually, the transmitter is
much better configured by SYSCON, but the local functionality of the LCD allows an easy and fast
action on certain parameters, since it does not rely on communication and network wiring
connections. Among the possibilities of the Local Adjustment, the following options can be brought
out Mode block, Outputs monitoring, Tag visualization and Tuning Parameters setting.
The interaction between the user, is described in detail on the "General Installation, Operation and
Maintenance Procedures Manual". Take a detailed look at this manual in the chapter related to
"Programming Using Local Adjustment". The resources on this transducer display as well as all of
the Series 302 Field Devices from Smar, have the same methodology.
Once trained, the user can handle any kind of field devices from Smar.
All function block and transducers defined according to Foundation Fieldbus have a description of
their features written on binary files, by the Device Description Language.
This feature allows that third parties configurator enabled by Device Description Service technology
can interpret these features and make them accessible to configure. The Series 302 Function
Blocks and Transducers have been defined strictly according the Fieldbus Foundation specifications
in order to be interoperable to other parties.
In order to enable the local adjustment using the magnetic tool, it is necessary to prepare the
parameters concerning this operation via SYSCON (System Configuration). Figure 3.8 - The
Temperature Trim Configuration and Figure 3.9 - Transducer Block - Backup/Restore shows all
parameters and their respective values, which should be configured to enable local adjustment
through the magnetic screwdriver according to the user’s unit. All values shown on the display are
default values.
There are seven groups of parameters, which may be pre-configured by the user in order to enable,
a possible configuration by means of the local adjustment. As an example, suppose some
parameters are not to be shown; in this case, simply write an invalid Tag in the parameter,
Block_Tag_Param_X. By doing this, the device will not take the parameters related (indexed) to its
Tag as valid parameters.
Definition of Parameters and Values
Block_Tag_Param
This is the tag of the block to which the parameter belongs. It uses up to a maximum of 32
characters.
Index_Relative
This is the index related to the parameter to be actuated or viewed (0, 1, 2…). Refer to the Function
Blocks Manual to know the desired indexes, or see them on the SYSCON by opening the desired
block.
Sub_Index
To visualize a certain tag, choose for the index relative equal to zero, and for the sub-inde x equal to
one (refer to the paragraph “Structure Block in the Function Blocks Manual)”.
Mnemonic
This is the mnemonic for the parameter identification (it accepts a maximum of 16 characters in the
alphanumeric field of the display). Choose the mnemonic, with no more than 5 characters, so it will
no longer be necessary to rotate it on the display.
Inc_Dec
It is the increment and decrement in decimal units when the parameter is Float, Float Status, or
integer, when the parameter is in whole units.
Decimal_Point_Numb.
This is the number of digits after the decimal point (0 to 3 decimal digits).
3.10
Configuration
Access
The access allows the user to read, in the case of the “Monitoring” option, and to write when "action"
option is selected, and then the display will show the increment and decrement arrows.
Alpha_Num
These parameters include two options: VALUE and mnemonic. In VALUE option, it is possible to
display data, both in the alphanumeric and in the numeric fields; this way, in case of data higher
than 10000, it will be shown in the alphanumeric field.
In the mnemonic option, the display may show the data in the numeric field and the mnemonic in the
alphanumeric field.
In case the user wants to see a certain tag, chose the index relative equal to zero, and for the subindex equal to one (refer to paragraph Structure Block in the Function Blocks Manual).
Figure 3.11 - Parameters for Local Adjustment Configuration
Figure 3.12 - Parameters for Local Adjustment Configuration
3.11
LD302 – Operation and Maintenance Instruction Manual
Figure 3.13 - Parameters for Local Adjustment Configuration
Figure 3.14 - Parameters for Local Adjustment Configuration
3.12
Configuration
This parameter
updates the local
adjustment
programming tree
configured on each
device.
Figure 3.15 - Parameters for Local Adjustment Configuration
Programming Using Local Adjustment
The local adjustment is completely configured by SYSCON. It means, the user can select the best
options for this application. From the factory, it is configured with the options to set the Upper and
Lower trim, for monitoring the transducer output and check the Tag. Usually, the transmitter is much
better configured by SYSCON, but the local functionality of the LCD allows an easy and fast action
on certain parameters, since it does not rely on communication and network wiring connections.
Among the possibilities of the Local Adjustment, the following options can be emphasized: Mode
block, Outputs monitoring, Tag visualization and Tuning Parameters setting.
The option "update
display" should be
selected in order to
execute the upgrade of
local adjustment
programming tree.
After this step, all the
parameters selected will
be shown on the LCD
display.
The interaction between the user is also described in detail on the "General Installation, Operation
and Maintenance Procedures Manual". Take a look at this manual in the chapter related to
"Programming Using Local Adjust ment".
All function block and transducers defined according to Fieldbus Foundation have a description of
their features written on binary files, by the Device Description Language. This feature allows that
third parties configurator enabled by the Device Description Service technology can interpret these
features and make them accessible to configure. The Function Blocks and Transducers of Series
302 have been defined rigorously according the Fieldbus Foundation specifications in order to be
interoperable to other parties.
This magnetic tool enables adjustment of the most important parameters of the blocks.
The jumper W1 on top of the main circuit board must be in place and the positioner must be fitted
with digital display for access to the local adjustment. Without the display, the local adjustment is not
possible.
3.13
LD302 – Operation and Maintenance Instruction Manual
e
Magnetic Tool
Table 3.4 shows the actions on the Z and S holes on the LD302 when Local Adjustment is enabled.
J1 Jumper Connections
If J1 (see figure 3.17) is connected to ON, it is possible to simulate values and status through the
SIMULATE parameter, from the function blocks.
Span Hole
Fig. 3.16 - Local Adjustment Holes
HOLEACTION
Z
S
Initializes and rotates through the available functions.
Selects the function shown in the display.
Table 3.4 - Purpose of the holes on the Housing
Zer o Hol
W1 Jumper Connections
If W1 is connected to ON, the local adjustment programming tree is enabled, the block parameters
can be adjusted and the communication can be pre-configured via local adjustment.
OFF ON
WR
J1
OFF ON
W1
MAIN BOARD
Fig. 3.17 - J1 and W1 Jumpers
LOC
ADJ
3.14
Configuration
In order to s tart the loca l
adjustment, place the
magnetic tool in orifice Z
and wait until letters MD
are displayed.
Remo ve t he
magnetic tool
from orifice S.
Place the
magnetic tool in
orifice S and wait
for 5 seconds.
Figure 3.18 - Step 1 - LD302
Insert the
magnetic tool in
orifice S and
once mo re LOC
ADJ should be
displayed.
Place the magnetic tool in
orifice Z. if this is the first
configuration, the option
shown on the display is the
TAG with its corresponding
mnemonic configured by
the S YS CON . Other wise,
the option shown on the
display will be the one
configured in the prior
operation. By keeping the
tool inserted in this orifice,
the local adjustment menu
will rota te.
Figure 3.19 - Step 2 - LD302
In this optio n t he
first variable
(P_VAL) i s
showed with its
respective value.
If it is wanted it to
be static, place
the tool in S a nd
keep it there.
Figure 3.20 - Step 3 - LD302
3.15
LD302 – Operation and Maintenance Instruction Manual
In order to calibrate the
lower val ue(L OWER) ,
insert the magnetic tool
in orifice S as soon as
LOWER is shown in the
display. An arrow
pointing upward (
increments the value
and an arrow pointing
downward (
decrements the value. In
order to increment the
value, keep the tool
inserted in S until the
desired value is set.
In order to calibrate the
upper value(UPPER),
insert the magnetic tool
in orifice S as soon as
upper is shown in the
display. An arrow
pointing upward (
increments the valve
and an arrow pointing
downward (
decrements the value.
In order to i ncrement
the value, keep the tool
inserted in S until the
desired value is set.
n)
p)
n)
p)
In order to decrement
the lower value, place
the magnetic tool in
orifice Z to shift the
arrow to the downward
position and then, by
inserting and keeping
the tool in orifice S, it
is possible to
decrement the lower
val ue.
Figure 3.21 - Step 4 - LD302
In order to decrement
the upper value, place
the magnetic tool in
orifice Z to shift the
arrow to the
downward position an
then, by insetting and
keeping the tool in
orifice S, it is possible
to decreme nt t he
upper value.
This Local adjustment configuration is a suggestion only. The user
may choose the best configuration via SYSCON, by just
configuring the display block (See Programming Using Local
Adjustment.)
3.16
Figure 3.22 - Step 5 - LD302
NOTE
Section 4
General
SYMPTOMPOSSIBLE SOURCE OF PROBLEM
Maintenance Procedures
The SMAR Series 302 devices are extensively tested and inspected before delivery to the end
user. Nevertheless, during their design and development, consideration has been given to the
possibility of repairs being made by the end user, when necessary.
In general, it is recommended that end users do not try to repair printed circuit boards. Spare circuit
boards may be ordered from SMAR when necessary. Refer to the item "Returning Materials" at the
end of this Section.
The table 4.1 will show the messages of errors and potential causes.
* Transmitter Connections
Check wiring polarity and continuity.
Check for short circuit or ground loops.
Check if the power supply connector is connected to the main board.
Check if the shield is not being used as a conductor.
It should be grounded at one end only.
* Power Supply
Check power supply output. The voltage must be between 9 - 32 VDC at the LD302 terminals.
Noise and ripple should be within the following limits:
NO COMMUNICATION
INCORRECT READING
a) 16 mV peak to peak from 7.8 to 39 KHz.
b) 2 V peak to peak from 47 to 63 Hz for non-intrinsic safety applications and 0.2 V for intrinsic
safety applications.
c) 1.6 V peak to peak from 3.9 MHz to 125 MHz.
* Network Connection
Check that the topology is correct and all devices are connected in parallel.
Check that two Terminators are OK and correctly positioned.
Check length of trunk and spurs.
Check spacing between couplers.
* Electronic Circuit Failure
Check the main board for defect by replacing it with a spare.
* Transmitter Connections
Check for intermittent short circuits, open circuits and grounding problems.
Check if the sensor is correctly connected to the LD302 terminal block.
* Noise, Oscillation
Adjust damping
Check grounding of the transmitters housing.
Check that the shielding of the wires between transmitter / panel is grounded only in one end.
* Sensor
Check the sensor operation; it should be within its characteristics.
Check sensor type; it should be configured to the LD302 affixes.
Check if process is within the range of the sensor and the LD302.
Table 4.1 - Error Messages and Potential Causes
4.1
LD302 - Operation and Maintenance Instruction Manual
If the problem is not stated in the table above, follow the Note below:
The Factory Init should be tried as a last option to recover the equipment control when the equipment
presents some problem related to the function blocks or the communication. This operation must be offline
and carried out only by authorized personnel, , since the equipment will be configured with standard
and factory data.
This procedure resets all of the configurations running in the equipment, after which a partial download
should be performed.
Two magnetic tools should be used to this effect,. On the equipment, withdraw the nut that affixes the
identification tag on the top of the housing, so that access is gained to the "S" and "Z" holes.
The operations to follow are:
1) Switch off the equipment, insert the magnetic tools and keep them in the holes (the magnetic end in the
holes );
2) Supply the equipment;
3) As soon as the Factory Init is shown on the display, take off the tools and wait for the "5" symbol on the
right upper corner of the display to disappear, thus indicating the end of the operation.
This procedure makes effective all of the factory configuration and will eliminate eventual problems with the
function blocks or with the equipment communication.
Disassembly Procedure
NOTE
Sensor Cleaning
WARNING
Do not disassemble with power on.
The Figure 4.4 - Exploded View shows an exploded view of the transmitter and will help to visualize
the following:
In order to have access to the sensor (19) for cleaning purposes, the transmitter should be removed
from its process connections. The transmitter should be isolated from the process by means of
manifolds or valves; then, the drain (13) must be opened to exhaust any remaining pressure.
4.2
Figure 4.1 - Sensor Rotation Stopper
Maintenance Procedures
After this, the transmitter may be removed from the standpipe. The flange bolts (16) may now be
loosened crosswise, one at a time. After removing bolts and flanges (15), the isolating diaphragms
will be easily accessible for cleaning.
Cleaning should be done carefully in order to avoid damaging the delicate isolating diaphragms. The
use of a soft cloth and a non-acid solution is recommended.
The oscillating circuit is a part of the sensor and the replacement of one, implies replacing the other.
To remove the sensor from the electronic housing, the electrical connections (in the field terminal
side) and the main board connector must be disconnected.
Loosen the hex screw (20) and carefully unscrew the electronic housing from the sensor, observing
that the flat cable is not excessively twisted.
NOTE
The transmitters have a stopper that can be released to allow the sensor to rotate more than one turn. ( See
Figure - 4.1 - Sensor Rotation Stopper ).
WARNING
Do not rotate the electronic housing more than 180q without disconnecting the electronic circuit from the
sensor and from the power s upply.
Electronic Circuit
To remove the circuit board (5), loosen the two screws (3) that anchor the board.
The board has CMOS components, which may be damaged by electrostatic discharges. Observe correct
procedures for handling CMOS components. It is also recommended to store the circuit boards in
electrostatic-proof cases.
Pull the main board out of the housing and disconnect the power supply and the sensor connectors.
Reassembly Procedure
Do not assemble the main board with power on.
Sensor Mounting
When mounting the sensor (19), it is recommended to make use of a new set of gaskets (18 & 24)
compatible with the process fluid. The bolts, nuts, flanges and other parts should be inspected for
corrosion or other eventual damage. Damaged parts should be replaced.
Backup Rings
High pressure transmitters A5, M5, M6 and High static pressure transmitters H2, H3, H4, H5 and the sensors
with tantalum diaphragm that use Buna-N or Viton O_Ring, must use a metallic backup Ring (17) to prevent
ext r usion o f O_Ri ng. Do not use the ba ckup O' Ri ng w he n the flange has a n ins ert o f K ynar (PVD F ).
Avoid bending the backup ring and inspect it for knots, cuts etc. Be careful when mounting it. The flat side,
which shines more than the beveled side should be mounted against the O_Ring. (See Figure 4.2 – Backup Ring Mounting).
WARNING
WARNING
NOTE
4.3
LD302 - Operation and Maintenance Instruction Manual
Gaskets should be lightly lubricated with silicone oil before they are fitted into their recesses. Use
halogen grease for inert fill applications. The flanges should then be positioned in order to press
them in place. With the flanges holding the O-Rings in place, insert the four bolts (16) and tighten
the nuts (23) finger tight, making sure the flanges remain parallel all the time.
x Tighten one nut until the flange seats.
x Tighten the nut diagonally across with a torque of approximately 2.5 kgf.m (20 ft. lbs).
x Tighten the first nut with the same torque.
x Verify the flange alignment.
x Check torque on the four bolts.
If adapters (25) have been removed, it is recommended to replace gaskets (24) and to connect the
adapters to the process flanges before coupling them to the sensor. Optimum torque is 2.5 Kgf.m
(20 ft. lbs).
The fitting of the sensor must be done with the main board out of the electronic housing. Mount the
sensor to the housing turning clockwise until it stops. Then turn it counterclockwise until it faces the
protective cover (1) parallel to the process flange. Tighten the hex screw (20) to lock the housing to
the sensor.
4.4
Figure 4.2 - Backup Ring Mounting
Electronic Circuit
Maintenance Procedures
Plug sensor connector and power supply connector to main board.
Attach the display to the main board. Observe the four possible mounting positions. The SMAR
mark indicates the up position.
Interchangeability
Figure 4.3 - Four Possible Positions of the Display
Anchor the main board and display with their screws (3).
After tightening the protective cover (1), mounting procedure is complete. The transmitter is ready to
be powered and tested. It is recommended to open the transmitter's pressure taps to atmosphere
and adjust the TRIM.
In order to obtain an accurate and better temperature compensated response, each sensor is
submitted to a characterization process and the specific data is stored in an EEPROM located in the
sensor body.
Each time the power is turned on, the main circuit reads the sensor serial number. If it is different
from the number stored in the memory, the circuit recognizes that there is a new sensor and the
following information is transferred from the sensor to the main circuit;
x Temperature compensation coefficients.
x Sensor's trim, including 5-point characteri zation curve.
x Sensor characteristics: type, range, diaphragm material and fill fluid.
The other transmitter characteristics are stored in the main circuit memory and are not affected by
sensor change.
4.5
LD302 - Operation and Maintenance Instruction Manual
Upgrading LD301 to LD302
The sensor and housing of the LD301 is exactly the same as the LD302. By changing the circuit
board of the LD301 it becomes a LD302. The display on the LD301 version 5.XX, is the same as on
LD302 and can therefore be used with the LD302 upgrade circuit board. With an LD301 version
three or earlier, that display cannot be used.
Upgrading the LD301 to a LD302 is therefore very much the same as the procedure for replacing
the main board described above.
To remove the circuit board (5), loosen the two screws (3) that anchor the board.
Caution with the circuit boards must be as mentioned above.
Pull the LD301 main board out of the housing, disconnect the power supply and the sensor
connectors.
Replace the LD302 main board reversing the procedure for removing the LD301 circuit.
Returning Materials
If it becomes necessary to return the transmitter to SMAR, simply contact our office, giving the
defective instrument's serial number, and return it to our factory.
In order to speed up analysis and solution of a problem, the defective item should be returned with
a description of the failure, with as much detailed information as possible. Other information
concerning the instruments’ operation, such as service and process conditions are also helpful.
ACCESSORIES
ORDERING CODE DESCRIPTION
SD1 Magnetic Tool for Local Adjustment
BC1 Fieldbus/RS232 Interface
SYSCON System Configurator
PS302 Power Supply
BT302 Terminator
PCI Process Control Interface
4.6
Maintenance Procedures
Figure 4.4 - Exploded View
4.7
LD302 - Operation and Maintenance Instruction Manual
SPARE PARTS LIST
DESCRIPTION OF PARTS POSITIONCODE
HOUSING, Aluminum (NOTE 2)
½ - 14 NPT 7 304-0130
M20 x 1.5 7 304-0131
PG 13.5 DIN 7 304-0132
HOUSING, 316 SS (NOTE 2)
½ - 14 NPT 7 304-0133
M20 x 1.5 7 304-0134
PG 13.5 DIN 7 304-0135
COVER (INCLUDES O'RING)
Alumi n um 1 and 12 204-0102
316 SS 1 and 12 204-0105
COVER WITH WINDOW FOR INDICATION (INCLUDES O’RING)
Alumi n um 1 204-0103
316 SS 1 204-0106
COVER LOCKING SCREW
SENSOR LOCKING SCREW
EXTERNAL GROUND SCREW
IDENTIFICATION PLATE FIXING SCREW
DIGITAL INDICATOR
TERMINAL INSULATOR
MAIN ELECTRONIC CIRCUIT BOARD (GLL 1000) LD302
FLANGE (WITH HOLE FOR DRAIN/VENT)
Plated Carbon Steel 15 204-0501
Stainless Steel 316 15 204-0502
Hastelloy C276 15 204-0503
Monel 400 15 204-0504
FLANGE (WITHOUT HOLE FOR DRAIN/VENT)
Plated Carbon Steel 15 204-0511
Stainless Steel 316 15 204-0512
Hastelloy C276 15 204-0513
Monel 400 15 204-0514
BLANK FLANGE (FOR GAGE AND ABSOLUTE MODELS)
Plated Carbon Steel 15 204-1101
Stainless Steel 316 15 204-1102
ADAP TE R
Plated Carbon Steel 25 203-0601
Stainless Steel 316 25 203-0602
Hastelloy C276 25 203-0603
Monel 400 25 203-0604
O’RINGS (N OTE 3)
Cover, Buna-N 2 204-0122
4.8
6 204-0120
20 204-0121
22 204-0124
9 204-0116
4 214-0108
10 400-0059
5 400-0233
Maintenance Procedures
SPARE PARTS LIST
DESCRIPTION OF PARTS POSITIONCODE
Neck, Buna-N 21 204-0113
O’RINGS (N OTE 3)
Flange, BUNA-N 18 203-0401
Flange, VITON 18 203-0402
Flange, TEFLON 18 203-0403
Flange, ETHYLENE/PROPYLENE 18 203-0404
Flange, TEFLON with spring LOADED 18 203-0405
Adapter, BUNA-N 24 203-0701
Adapter, VITON 24 203-0702
Adapter, TEFLON 24 203-0703
Adapter, ETHYLENE/PROPYLENE 24 203-0704
BACKUP RING (NOTE 3)
TERMINAL HOLDING SCREW.
Housing in Aluminum 11 304-0119
Housing in 316 Stainless Steel 11 204-0119
MAIN BOARD SCREW HOUSING IN ALUMINUM
Units with indicator 3 304-0118
Units without indicator 3 304-0117
MAIN BOARD SCREW HOUSING IN 316 STAINLESS STEEL
Units with indicator 3 204-0118
Units without indicator 3 204-0117
FLANGE BOLT
Carbon Steel 16 203-0300
Stainless Steel 316 16 203-0310
FLANGE NUT
Carbon Steel 23 203-0302
Stainless Steel 316 23 203-0312
ADAPTER BOLT
Carbon Steel 26 203-0350
Stainless Steel 316 26 203-0351
DRAIN/VENT SCREW
Stainless Steel 316 13 203-1401
Hastelloy C276 13 203-1402
Monel 400 13 203-1403
FLANGE PLUG (STOPPER)
Stainless Steel 316 14 203-0552
Hastelloy C276 14 203-0553
Monel 400 14 203-0554
MOUNTING BRACKET FOR 2” PIPE MOUNTING (NOTE 5)
Carbon Steel - 203-0801
Stainless Steel 316 - 203-0802
Carbon Steel with bolts, nuts, washers and U-clamp in 316SS - 203-0803
LOCAL ADJUSTMENT PROTECTION CAP
SENSOR
17 203-0710
8 204-0114
19 (NOTE 4)
Table 4.2 - Spare Part List
4.9
LD302 - Operation and Maintenance Instruction Manual
NOTE
For category A, it is recommended to keep, in stock, 25 parts
installed for each set, and for category B, 50.
1. Includes Terminal Block, Bolts, caps and Identification plate
without certification.
2. O-Rings and Backup Rings are packaged in packs of 12
units.
3. To specify sensors, use the following tables.
Including U-clamp, nuts, bolts and washers.
204-0301 SPARE PART NUMBER FOR DIFFERENTIAL, GAGE, ABSOLUTE AND HIGH STATIC PRESSURE SENSORS
CODE Type and Range
D1
Differential 0.125 to 5 kPa 0.5 to 20 inH2O
D2
Differential 1.25 to 50 kPa 5 to 200 inH2O
D3
Differential 6.25 to 250 kPa 25 to 1000 inH2O
D4
Differential 62.5 to 2500 kPa 9 to 360 psi
M1
Gage 0.125 to 5 kPa 0.5 to 20 inH2O
M2
Gage 1.25 to 50 kPa 5 to 200 inH2O
M3
Gage 6.25 to 250 kPa 25 to 1000 inH2O
M4
Gage 62.5 to 2500 kPa 9 to 360 psi
M5
Gage 0.625 to 25 MPa 90 to 3600 psi
M6
Gage 1 to 40 MPa 145 to 5800 psi
A1
Absolute 0.5 to 5 kPa 3.7 to 37 psia
A2
Absolute 2.5 to 50 kPa 0.36 to 7.2 psia
A3
Absolute 6.25 to 250 kPa 0.9 to 36 psia
A4
Absolute 62.5 to 2500 kPa 9 to 360 psia
A5
Absolute 0.625 to 25 MPa 90 to 3600 psia
H2
Differential – High Static Pressure 1.25 to 50 kPa 5 to 200 inH2O
H3
Differential – High Static Pressure 6.25 to 250 kPa 25 to 1000 inH2O
H4
Differential – High Static Pressure 62.5 to 2500 kPa 9 to 360 psi
H5
Differential – High Static Pressure 0.625 to 25 MPa 90 to 3600 psi
CODE Diaphragm (s) Material and Fill Fluid (1) (2) (3)
316L SST Silicone Oil
1
316L SST Fluorolube Oil
2
Haste lloy C276 Silicone Oi l
3
Haste lloy Fluorolube Oi l
4
Mone l 400Silicone Oi l
5
Tantalum Silicone Oil
7
Tantalum Fluorolube Oil
8
Others – Specify
Z
204-0301 D2 2
(1) Tantalum and Monel diaphragm are not available for Range 1.
(2) Absolute Models are not available with Tantalum diaphragms or Fluorolube Oil.
(3) Tantalum sensors will be sent with backup ring. They must be used when Viton or Buna_N O_Rings are used. Do not use the backup ring with
Teflon rings or Kynar insert in the process flanges.
4.10
204-0301 SPARE PART NUMB ER FOR LEVEL SENSORS
N
COD E Range
L2
Level 1.25 to 50 kPa 5 to 200 inH
L3
Level 6.25 to 250 kPa 25 to 1000 inH
L4
Level 62.5 to 2500 kPa 9 to 360 psi
COD E Diaphra gm Material a nd Fill Fluid (Low Side)
1
316L SST Silicone Oil
2
316L SST Fluorolube Oil
3
Hastelloy C276 Silicone Oil (1)
4
Hastelloy C276 Fluorolube Oil (1)
5
Monel 400 Silicone Oil
7
Tantalum Silicone Oil
8
Tantalum Fluorolube Oil
Z
Others – Specify
COD E Flange, Adapter and Drain/Vent Valves Material (Low Side)
C
Plated CS (Drain/Vent in Stainless Steel)
I
316L SST
H
Hastelloy C276 (1)
N
316 SST (Drain/Vent in Hastelloy C276) (1)
Z
Others – Specify
COD E Wette d O-Rings Material (Low Side)
0
B
V
T
Z
Without O-Rings (Remote Seal)
Buna N
Viton
Teflon
Others – Specify
CO DE Drain/Vent Position (Low Side)
Without Drain/Vent Note: For better drain/vent operation, the side vent or drain valves are standard .
0
Upper If drain/vent valves are not required, use code 0.
(1) Meets NACE material recommendations per MR-01-75
(2) Fluorolube fill fluid is not available for Monel Diaphragm.
(*) Leave it blank for no optional items.
4.11
LD302 - Operation and Maintenance Instruction Manual
4.12
Section 5
Technical Characteristics
Functional Specifications
Process Fluid
Liquid, gas or vapor.
Output Signal
Digital only. Fieldbus, 31.25 kbit/s voltage mode with bus power.
Power Supply
Bus power 9 - 32 VDC.
Quiescent Current consumption: 12 mA.
Output impedance: non-intrinsic safety from 7.8 kHz - 39 kHz should be greater or equal to 3 kOhm.
Intrinsic safety output impedance: (assuming an IS barrier in the power supply) from 7.8 kHz - 39
kHz should be greater than or equal to 400 Ohm.
Indicator
Optional 4½-digit numerical and 5-character alphanumerical LCD indicator.
Hazardous Area Certifications
Explosion proof, weather proof and intrinsically safe (CENELEC and FM standards).
Temperature Limits
Ambient: -40 to 85qC (-40 to 185qF).
Process: -40 to 100qC (-40 to 212qF) (Silicone Oil).
0 to 85qC (-32 to 185qF) (Fluorolube Oil).
-40 to 150qC (-40 to 302qF) for LD302L.
-25 to 85qC (-13 to 185qF) (Viton O-Rings).
Storage: -40 to 100qC (-40 to 212qF).
Display: -10 to 60qC ( 14 to 140qF) operation.
-40 to 85qC (-40 to 185qF) without damage.
Turn-on Time
Performs within specifications on less than 5.0 seconds after power is applied to the transmitter.
Volumetric Displacement
Less than 0.15 cm
Overpressure and Static Pressure Limits
From 3.45 kPa abs. (0.5 psia)* to:
8 MPa (1150 psi) for range 1.
16 MPa (2300 psi) for ranges 2, 3, 4 & 5.
32 MPa (4600 psi) for models H & A5.
40 MPa (5800 psi) for model M5.
52 MPa (7500 psi) for model M6.
* except the LD302A model.
For ANSI/DIN Level flanges (LD302L models):
150 lb Flanges: 6 psia to 275 psi at 100°F.
300 lb Flanges: 6 psia to 720 psi at 100°F.
600 lb Flanges: 6 psia to 1440 psi at 100°F.
PN10/16: -60 kPa to 2,8 MPa at 38°C.
PN25/40: -60 kPa to 9 MPa at 38°C.
3
(0.01 in3).
These overpressures will not damage the transmitter, but a new calibration may be necessary.
Flange Test Pressure: 60 MPa (8570 psi).
Humidity Limits
0 to 100% RH.
5.1
LD302 - Operation and Maintenance Instruction Manual
Performance Specifications
Reference conditions: range starting at zero, temperature 25qC (77qF), atmospheric pressure, power
supply of 24 Vdc, silicone oil fill fluid, isolating diaphragms in 316L SS and digital trim equal to lower
and upper range values.
Accuracy
±0.075% of span (for span t 0.1 URL).
±0.0375 [1+ (0.1 URL/SPAN)]% of span (for span < 0.1 URL).
For range 5 and 6, Absolute models, diaphragms in Tantalum, Monel or fill fluid in Fluorolube:
±0.1% of span (for span t 0.1 URL).
Linearity, hysteresis and repeatability effects are included.
Stability
±0.1% of URL for 24 months for ranges 2, 3, 4, 5 & 6.
±0.2% of URL for 12 months for range 1 & L models.
±(0.25% of URL for 5 years at 20qC temperature change and up to 70 bar of static pressure.
Temperature Effect
±(0.02% × URL+0.1% × span) per 20qC (36qF) for ranges 2, 3, 4 & 5.
±(0.05% × URL+0.15% × span) per 20qC (36qF) for range 1 & level models.
Static Pressure Effect
Zero error:
±0.1% URL per 7 MPa (1000 psi) for ranges 2, 3, 4 & 5 or 3.5 MPa (500 psi) for L models.
±0.1% URL per 1.7 MPa (250 psi) for range 1.
This is a systematic error that can be eliminated by calibrating at the operating static pressure.
Span error:
Correctable to ±0.2% of reading per 7 MPa (1000 psi) for ranges 2, 3, 4 and 5, and 3.5 MPa (500
psi) for range 1 and level models.
Power Supply Effect
±0.005% of calibrated span per volt.
Mounting Position Effect
Zero shift of up to 250 Pa (1 inH
Electro-Magnetic Interference Effect
Designed to comply with IEC 801.
Physical Specifications
Electrical Connection
½ -14 NPT, Pg 13.5, or M20 × 1.5 metric. Other connections upon request.
Process Connection
¼ -18 NPT or ½ -14 NPT (with adapter).
For L models see Ordering Code.
O), which can be calibrated out. No span effect.
2
Wet Parts
Isolating Diaphragms
316L SST, Hastelloy C276, Monel 400 or Tantalum.
5.2
Technical Characteristics
Drain/Vent Valves and Plug
316 SST, Hastelloy C276 or Monel 400.
Flanges
Plated carbon steel, 316 SST, Hastelloy C276 or Monel 400.
Wetted O-Rings (For Flanges and Adapters)
Buna N, Viton™ or PTFE. Ethylene-Propylene on request.
The LD302 is available in materials according to NACE MR-01-75.
Non-wet Parts
Electronic Housing
Injected aluminum with polyester painting or 316 SST (NEMA 4X, IP67).
Blank Flange
Plated carbon steel, when the wetted flange is made of this same material, and 316 SST in the other
cases.
Level Flange (LD302L) Material
316 SST.
Fill Fluid
Silicone or Fluorolube Oil.
Cover O-Rings
Buna N.
Mounting Bracket
Plated carbon steel with polyester painting or 316 SST.
Accessories (bolts, nuts, washers and U-clamp) in carbon steel or 316 SST.
Flange Screws, Bolts and nuts
Plated carbon steel, Grade 7 or 316 SST.
Identification Plate
316 SST.
Mounting
a) Flange mounted for models LD302L.
b) Optional universal mounting bracket for surface or vertical/horizontal 2"-pipe (DN 50).
c) Via bracket on manifold valve (Optional).
d) Directly on tube for closely coupled transmitter/ orifice flange combinations.
Approximate Weights
3.15 kg (7 lb) : all models, except level transmitters.
5.85 to 9.0 kg (13 lb. to 20 lb): level transmitter depending on the flanges, extension and materials.
Hastelloy is a trademark of the Cabot Corp.
Viton and Teflon are trademarks of E. I. DuPont de Nemours & Co.
Fluorolube is a trademark of Hooker Chemical Corp.
Monel is a trademark of International Nickel Co.
5.3
LD302 - Operation and Maintenance Instruction Manual
MODEL
DIFFERENTIAL, GAGE, ABSOLUTE AND HIGH STATIC PRESSURE TRANSMITTERS
LD302
CO DE Type and Range (1)
Differential 0.125 to 5 kPa 0.5 to 20 inH
D1
D2
Differential 1.25 to 50 kPa 5 to 200 inH
D3
Differential 6.25 to 250 kPa 25 to 1000 inH
Differential 62.5 to 2500 kPa 9 to 360 psi
D4
Gage 0.25 to 5 kPa 0.5 to 20 inH
M1
M2
Gage 1.25 to 50 kPa 5 to 200 inH
M3
Gage 6.25 to 250 kPa 25 to 1000 inH
Gage 62.5 to 2500 kPa 9 to 360 psi
M4
M5
Gage 0.625 to 25 MPa 90 to 3600 psi
M6
Gage 1 to 40 MPa 145 to 5800 psi
A1
Absolute 0.5 to 5 kPa 3.5 to 35 psia
A2
Absolute 2.5 to 50 kPa 0.36 to 7.2 psia
A3
Absolute 6.25 to 250 kPa 0.9 to 36 psia
A4
Absolute 62.5 to 2500 kPa 9 to 360 psia
A5
Absolute 0.625 to 25 MPa 90 to 3600 psia
H2
Differential – High Static Pressure 1.25 to 5 kPa 5 to 200 inH
H3
Differential – High Static Pressure 6.25 to 50 kPa 25 to 1000 inH
H4
Differential – High Static Pressure 62.5 to 250 kPa 9 to 360 psia
H5
Differential – High Static Pressure 0.625 to 2500 MPa 90 to 3600 psia
CO DE Diaphr agm (s) Mate rial and Fill Fluid
1
316L SST Silicone Oil
2
316L SST Fluorolube Oil
3
Hastelloy C276 Silicone Oil* (2) Absolute Models are not available with Tantalum diaphragms or Fluorolube Oil.
4
Hastelloy Fluorolube Oil*
5
Monel 400Silicone Oil(3) Tantalum and Monel diaphragm are not available for Range 1.
7
Tantalum Silicone Oil
8
Tantalum Fluorolube Oil
Z
Others – Specify
CO DE Flange(s), Adapter(s) and Drain/Vent Valves Material
Plated CS (Drain/Vent in Stainless Steel)
I
316 SST
H
Hastelloy C276*
M
Monel 400
N
316 SST (Drain/Vent in Hastelloy C276)*
Z
Others – Specify
CO DE W etted 0-Rings Materials (4)
Without 0-Rings
0
B
Buna N
V
Viton ( 4) O-R ings are not a vail able on si des wi th Remote Sea ls.
T
Teflon
Z
Others – Specify
CO DE Drain/Vent Position (5) (6)
0
Without Drain/Vent (5) For better drain/vent operation, vent valves are strongly recommended.
U
Upper
D
Lower (6) Drain/Vent valve not available on sides with Remote Seal.
CO DE Loc al I ndicat or
0
1
0
Without Indicator
With D igita l Indi cato r
CO DE Pr ocess Connections
0
1/4 - 18 NPT (Without Adapter)
1
1/2 - 14 NPT (With Adapter)
9
Rem ote Seal (Specify)
Z
Others – Specify
CO DE Electrical Connections
0
1/2-14 NPT
A
M20 x 1.5
B
Pg 13.5 DIN
CO DE Mounting Bracket for 2" Pipe or Surface Mount ing
1
2
7
Without Bracket
Carbon Steel Bra cket
316 SST Bracket
Carbon Steel bracket with 316 SST fasteners
CO DE Opti ons
H1
316 SST Hous ing
A1
316 SST Bolts and Nuts *
C1
Special Cleaning
ZZ
Special Options – Specify
O
2
O
2
O
2
O
2
O
2
O
2
O
2
O
2
LD302 D2 1IBU1002 **
(1) The upper range limit can be extended up to 1.2 times with a small degradation of accuracy. * Meets NACE material recommendations per MR-01-75.
5.4
** Leave it blank for no optional items.
Technical Characteristics
MODEL
LD302
LEVEL T RANSMITT ERS
COD E Range
L2
Level 1.25 to 50 kPa 5 to 200 inH2O
Level 6.25 to 250 kPa 25 to 1000 inH
L3
L4
Level 62.5 to 2500 kPa 9 to 360 psi
COD E Diaphra gm Ma ter ial and Fil l Fluid (L ow Side)
1
316L SST Silicone Oil
2
316L SST Fluorolube Oil
3
Hastelloy C276 Silicone Oil*
4
Hastelloy C276 Fluorolube Oil*
5
Monel 400 Silicone Oil
7
Tantalum Silicone Oil
8
Tantalum Fluorolube Oil
Z
Others – Specify
COD E Flange, Adapter and Drain/Vent Valves Material (Low Side)
Plated CS (Drain/Vent in Stainless Steel)
C
I
316L SST
H
Hastelloy C276*
M
Monel 400
Z
Others – Specify
COD E W etted 0-Rings Material (Low Side)
Without 0-Rings (Remote Seal)
0
B
Buna N
V
Viton
T
Teflon
Z
Others – Specify
COD E Drain/Vent Position (Low Side)
0
Without Drain/Vent Note: For better drain/vent operation, the side vent or drain valves are standard .
U
Upper If drain/vent valves are not required, use code 0.
Lower
316 SST Hous ing
316 SST Bolts and Nuts *
Special Cleaning
Special Options – Specify
LD302L2 1CZU10A1213
* Meets NACE material recommendations per MR-01-75 ** Fluorolube fill fluid is not available for Monel Diaphragm. *** Leave it blank no optionals items.
***
5.5
LD302 - Operation and Maintenance Instruction Manual
5.6
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