SMA SI 4548-US User Manual

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Off-Grid Inverter

SUNNY ISLAND 4548-US/6048-US

Operating Manual

SI4548-6048-US-BE-en-20 | Version 2.0 AMERICAN ENGLISH

SMA America, LLC Legal Provisions

Legal Provisions

or by any means, be it electronic, mechanical, photographic, magnetic or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SMA America, LLC.

SMA America,LLC doesn‘t make representations, express or implied, with respect to this do cum ent ati on o r an y of the equip men t an d/o r so ftw are it m ay d escribe, including (with no limitation) any implied warranties of utility, merchantability, or fitness for any particular purpose. All such warranties are expressly disclaimed. Neither SMA America,LLC nor its distributors or dealers shall be liable for any indirect, incidental, or consequential damages under any circumstances.

(The exclusion of implied warranties may not apply in all cases under some statutes, and thus the above exclusion may not apply.)

Specifications are subject to change without notice. Every attempt has been made to make this document complete, accurate and up-to-date. Readers are cautioned, however, that SMAAmerica,LLC reserves the right to make changes without notice and shall not be responsible for any damages, including indirect, incidental or consequential damages, caused by reliance on the material presented, including, but not limited to, omissions, typographical errors, arithmetical errors or listing errors in the content material.

All trademarks are recognized even if these are not marked separately. Missing designations do not mean that a product or brand is not a registered trademark.

The Bluetooth any use of such marks by SMA America,LLC and SMA Solar Technology Canada Inc. is under license.

Modbus Organization, Inc.

Phillips® and Pozidriv® are registered trademarks of Phillips Screw Company.

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word mark and logos are registered trademarks owned by Bluetooth SIG, Inc. and

is a registered trademark of Schneider Electric and is licensed by the Modbus

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SMA America, LLC

3801 N. Havana Street

Denver, CO 80239 U.S.A.

Operating Manual SI4548-6048-US-BE-en-20 3

Important Safety Instructions SMA America, LLC

Important Safety Instructions

SAVE THESE INSTRUCTIONS

This manual contains important instructions for the following products:

• Sunny Island 4548-US / 6048-US

This manual must be followed during installation and maintenance.

The product is designed and tested in accordance with international safety requirements, but as with all electrical and electronic equipment, certain precautions must be observed when installing and/or operating the product. To reduce the risk of personal injury and to ensure the safe installation and operation of the product, you must carefully read and follow all instructions, cautions and warnings in this manual.

Warnings in this Document

A warning describes a hazard to equipment or personnel. It calls attention to a procedure or practice, which, if not correctly performed or adhered to, could result in damage to or destruction of part or all of the SMA equipment and/or other equipment connected to the SMA equipment or personal injury.

Symbol Description

DANGER indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, will result in death or serious injury.

WARNING indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in death or serious injury.

CAUTION indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in minor or moderate injury.

NOTICE is used to address practices not related to personal injury.

1 Information on this Document

1.1 Validity

This document is valid for the following battery inverters as of firmware version 7.3:

• Sunny Island 4548-US (SI 4548-US-10)

• Sunny Island 6048-US (SI 6048-US-10)

1.2 Target Group

This document is for trained electrically qualified persons. A trained electrically qualified person has received sufficient training and has knowledge of the design and function of the device and has demonstrable practical experience of mounting, connecting and commissioning of the device. An electrically qualified person is trained to deal with the dangers and hazards involved in installing electrical systems.

1.3 Additional Information

You will find further information on special topics such as selecting and using PV inverters in off-grid systems in the download area at www.SMA-America.com.

1.4 Terminology

In this document, SMA Solar Technology America, LLC is referred to in the following as SMA. The syntax specified here for menus and parameters applies throughout the entire document.

Menu: Menu number, hash and menu name (150# Compact Meters) Parameter: Menu number, dot, parameter number and parameter name (150.01 GdRmgTm)

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2 Sunny Island 4548-US / 6048-US SMA America, LLC

2 Sunny Island 4548-US / 6048-US

2.1 Properties

The Sunny Island is a bidirectional inverter (battery inverter and battery charger) for off-grid systems. The Sunny Island supplies loads on the stand-alone grid side and charges the batteries with the energy from grid-feeding units connected on the AC side.

The comfortable support of AC and DC coupling, as well as the expandability of the systems formed with the Sunny Island guarantee highest flexibility. In addition, innovative technology allows the Sunny Island to achieve a maximum efficiency of more than 95%. Optimized for partial load operation, it impresses with low open-circuit and standby consumption. Due to the high overload capacity and the integrated output management, there is no need to oversize the Sunny Island.

The operation of up to three devices in a single-phase parallel system, of three devices in a three-phase system or of up to four devices in a double split-phase system enables the Sunny Island to establish off-grid power supply systems with a power of between 2 kW to 24 kW. In Multicluster systems, powers of up to as much as 100 kW are possible. Thanks to its sophisticated generator management, the Sunny Island can control connected diesel generators in a particularly low-stress and fuel-saving manner. The utility grid can also be integrated. The Sunny Island can also deactivate loads automatically if the battery does not provide sufficient electrical energy.

The critical component of the off-grid system, the battery, is dilig ent ly m oni tor ed a nd o pti mal ly u til ize d. For lead-acid batteries, the intelligent battery management of the Sunny Island precisely records the state of charge of the battery. This makes an improved utilization of the battery capacity possible, which also means that smaller and thus more cost-effective batteries can be used without affecting performance. The Sunny Island also offers an interface to integrate the external battery management of lithium-ion batteries.

In order to prevent premature aging caused by incorrect charging and frequent deep discharge, the Sunny Island has an intelligent charge control and reliable deep-discharge protection. Thanks to these functions, the battery life can be greatly extended in comparison with simpler devices.

Despite its complex functioning, the Sunny Island is easy to configure. All the settings required for operation can be quickly and easily configured in a few steps using the Quick Configuration Guide (QCG). By employing the concept of central operation referred to as "Single Point of Operation", the system/cluster parameters are only set on the master device, and all other devices automatically adopt the configuration. The easy-to-understand menu navigation allows quick access to all important data, even while the system is running. An SD memory card offers an easy system control and facilitates servicing.

Saving data and events

Always use the SD memory card to save data and events. In case of a failure SMA can thus help you quickly.

The Sunny Island monitors the set voltage and frequency limits on the utility grid and generator. If these limits are not observed, it disconnects from the external source without interruption and changes to stand-alone mode.

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SMA America, LLC 2 Sunny Island 4548-US / 6048-US

The Sunny Island also has an integrated anti-islanding feature which prevents islanding on the utility grid. If this process is triggered, the system also completely changes to stand-alone mode without interruption.

The Sunny Island can be integrated into different system constellations. The following graphics show the devices of a Sunny Island system and the different wiring options (single-phase / single-phase parallel, split-phase, double-split-phase and three-phase).

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2 Sunny Island 4548-US / 6048-US SMA America, LLC

Devices of a Sunny Island System:

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SMA America, LLC 2 Sunny Island 4548-US / 6048-US

Single-Phase System, 120 Vac, up to 6 kW:

• 4.5 kW with SI 4548-US-10

• 6 kW with SI 6048-US-10

Single-Phase Parallel System, 120 Vac, up to 18 kW:

Maximum 3 Sunny Island of types SI 4548-US-10 / 6048-US-10.*

* The types SI 4548-US-10 / 6048-US-10 can be arbitrarily combined, also with older devices of type SI 5048U.

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2 Sunny Island 4548-US / 6048-US SMA America, LLC

Split-Phase System, 240 Vac, up to 12 kW

2 Sunny Island of types SI 4548-US-10 / 6048-US-10.*

Three-Phase System, 120/208 Vac, up to 18 kW

3 Sunny Island of types SI 4548-US-10 / 6048-US-10.*

* The types SI 4548-US-10 / 6048-US-10 can be arbitrarily combined, also with older devices of type SI 5048U.

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SMA America, LLC 2 Sunny Island 4548-US / 6048-US

Double Split-Phase System, 240 Vac, up to 24 kW

4 Sunny Island of types SI 4548-US-10 / 6048-US-10. Only Sunny Island inverters of the same type must be used on one line conductor. L1 and L2 may be installed with different types (e.g.: L1 with 2 x SI 4548-US-10 und L2 with 2 x SI 6048-US--10).*

SMA multicluster technology

You will find all other information on SMA multicluster technology for up to twelve Sunny Island inverters and up to 100 kW power in the installation manual of the Multicluster Box.

2.2 At a Glance

The following figure provides an overview of all control elements and connections of the Sunny Island:

* The types SI 4548-US-10 / 6048-US-10 can be arbitrarily combined, also with older devices of type SI 5048U.

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2 Sunny Island 4548-US / 6048-US SMA America, LLC

Position Description

A Display

B LEDs showing device operation

C Control buttons

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SMA America, LLC 2 Sunny Island 4548-US / 6048-US

Position Description

D Slot for the SD memory card

E Opening for the additional connections area (insertion of the cables via conduits)

F Connection area for additional connections

G Opening for the additional connections area (insertion of the cables via conduits)

H Rubber enclosure opening for the area of additional connections (inserting cables

without conduits)

I DC connection area

K Opening for the DC connection area (insertion of DC+, DC − and the grounding

conductor)

L Opening for AC2 terminal (insertion of the conductors L, N and grounding

conductor)

M AC connection area

N Opening for AC1 terminal (insertion of the conductors L, N and grounding

conductor)

O DC circuit breaker

2.3 Scope of Delivery

Check that the delivery is complete. Check the packaging and the Sunny Island for externally visible damage.

Contact your supplier in case of damage to the packaging. Please contact your distributor if you find any damage to the Sunny Island or if the delivery is incomplete.

Keeping the packaging

Keep the packaging in case you need to return the inverter or its accessories.

Operating Manual SI4548-6048-US-BE-en-20 23

2 Sunny Island 4548-US / 6048-US SMA America, LLC

OP Q

Position Quantity Designation

A1SunnyIsland

B 1 Wall mounting bracket

C 2 Ventilation grid

D 1 Battery temperature sensor

E 2 Filler plug

F 2 Counter nut for filler plug

G 1 RJ45 cable, black

H1Silicone tube

I 1 Rubber plugs for feed-through of one cable

K 2 Rubber plugs for feed-through of 2 cables

L1SD memory card

M 2 M6x10 hexagon socket screw and split lock washer for

connecting the Sunny Island to the wall mounting bracket

N1 Operating manual

O1 Test report

P 2 4 -po le t erm ina l fo r co nne cti ng t he b att ery tempe rat ure sen sor and

battery current sensor

Q 2 3-pole terminal for connecting the relays 1 and 2

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SMA America, LLC 2 Sunny Island 4548-US / 6048-US

Position Quantity Designation

R 1 RS485 Piggy-Back (optional)

S 1 RJ45 cable, white (optional)

2.4 Required Tools and Materials

The following tools and materials are required in order to mount and install the Sunny Island 4548-US / 6048-US:

Tools (not included in scope of delivery)

Cable knife Combination pliers Crimping tool for bootlace ferrules (suitable for wire sizes up to 3/0 AWG) Diagonal cutting pliers Drill Drill bit (e.g. for masonry or wood), fastener Flat-blade screwdriver 2.5 mm Flat-blade screwdriver SZS 1.0 x 6.5 Allen key, 3 mm to 8 mm Multimeter Open-end/box wrenches or socket wrenches in the sizes 10/19/24/30 Cross-head screwdriver, PH1 and PH2 Spirit level Torque wrench 4 ft-lb to 21 ft-lb (6 Nm to 28 Nm) with hexagon socket screwdriver bit in the sizes

5 mm and 10 mm Torque wrench 5 in-lb to 22 in-lb (0.56 Nm to 2.5 Nm) with flat-blade screwdriver bit in the sizes

2.5 mm and flat-blade screwdriver SZS 1.0 x 6.5 Insulation stripping tool

/8 in or Ø 10 mm

Material (not included in scope of delivery)

Cable tie Heat-shrink tubing Hexagon screws, 8 mm x 60 mm Washers Screw anchor for the wall mounting bracket (e.g. SX 10) Bootlace ferrules appropriate for the selected cable (see Section6 "Electrical Connection", page39)

2.5 Identifying the Sunny Island

Identify the Sunny Island by the serial number (Serial No.) and the device type (Type) on the type label. The type label is located on the right-hand side of the enclosure. You will require the information on the type label to use the product safely and when seeking customer support from the SMA Service Line.

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3 Safety SMA America, LLC

3 Safety

3.1 Intended Use

The Sunny Island is suitable for use indoors and in weather-protected outdoor areas. The Sunny Island is not suitable for supplying life-sustaining medical devices. A power outage must

not lead to personal injury. AC sources (such as PV inverters) can be used in off-grid systems for energy supply. Too much power

from the AC sources in the stand-alone grid can lead to system failures. The maximum output power of the AC sources must be observed in off-grid systems (see Section22 "Technical Data", page226). The powers of the individual Sunny Island inverters are added to yield the total maximum power.

The Sunny Island uses batteries for the storage of energy. The nominal voltage of the battery must correspond to the input voltage on the DC connection. The battery room must be ventilated in accordance with the requirements of the battery manufacturer and with the locally applicable standards and directives (see documentation of the battery manufacturer). If connecting a lithium-ion battery, the following must be observed:

• The lithium-ion battery must comply with the locally applicable standards and directives and be intrinsically safe.

• Ensure that the lithium-ion batteries are approved for use with the Sunny Island. The list of lithium-ion batteries approved by SMA for the Sunny Island is updated regularly (see the Technical Information "List of Approved Lithium-Ion Batteries" at www.SMA-America.com).

• If no lithium-ion batteries approved for the Sunny Island can be used, use lead-acid batteries.

• The lithium-ion batteries must be able to supply enough current at maximum output power of the Sunny Island (see Section22 "Technical Data", page226).

In off-grid systems or battery-backup systems with lead-acid batteries only, a maximum of four Sunny Island Charger charge controllers can be connected per cluster. In off-grid systems or battery-backup systems with lithium-ion batteries, only charge controllers approved by the manufacturer of the lithium-ion batteries must be used. A battery current sensor must be installed in off-grid systems or battery-backup systems with lithium-ion batteries and external charge controllers. The Sunny Island is not suitable for establishing a DC distribution grid.

The battery management must record the DC current when charging and discharging the battery. The Sunny Island can control various devices in the system (e.g. load-shedding contactors) via two

multifunction relays. The multifunction relays are not suitable for controlling functions which may endanger persons in the event of a malfunction of the multifunction relays, e.g. if there is insufficient redundancy in the ventilation of the battery room.

Us e th is p rod uct onl y in acc ord anc e wi th t he i nfo rma tio n pr ovi ded in the enclosed documentation and with th e locally appli cable standards and directives. Any o ther application may cause personal injury or property damage.

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SMA America, LLC 3 Safety

Alterations to the product, e.g. modifications or conversions, are permitted only with the express written permission of SMA Solar Technology AG. Unauthorized alterations will void guarantee and warranty claims and usually void the operation permit. SMA shall not be held liable for any damage caused by such changes.

Any use of the product other than that described in the Intended Use section does not qualify as appropriate.

The enclosed documentation is an integral part of this product. Keep the documentation in a convenient place for future reference and observe all instructions contained therein.

The type label must remain permanently attached to the product.

3.2 Important Notes regarding Operation

Observe all operating and safety information in this document. If these instructions are ignored, a signific ant danger of inju ry or death arises and damage to th e device, system or plant may also result. Carefully read the safety precautions before installing and commissioning the device. Store the manual at an easily accessible location.

Danger to life due to high voltages in the Sunny Island

Death or serious injury possible due to electric shock.

• All work on the Sunny Island must only be carried out by electrically qualified persons.

• All work on the Sunny Island must only be carried out in accordance with this document.

• All safety precautions listed here must be observed.

Danger to life from electric shock due to damaged Sunny Island

Operating a damaged Sunny Island can lead to hazardous situations that can result in death or serious injuries due to electric shock.

• Only operate the Sunny Island when it is technically faultless and in an operationally safe state.

• Regularly check the Sunny Island for visible damage.

• Make sure that all external safety equipment is freely accessible at all times.

• Make sure that all safety equipment is in good working order.

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3 Safety SMA America, LLC

Risk of crushing injuries due to movable generator parts

Moving parts in the generator can crush or sever body parts. A generator can be started automatically by the Sunny Island.

• Only operate the generator with the safety equipment.

• Install, maintain, and operate the generator according to the manufacturer's specifications.

Danger to life due to incompatible lithium-ion battery

An incompatible lithium-ion battery can lead to a fire or an explosion. Use of incompatible lithium-ion batteries can also make the user’s battery management system unsafe, and void manufacturers’ warranties. To avoid fire or explosion, we strongly recommend doing the following:

• Verify that the battery complies with locally applicable standards and directives, and is intrinsically safe.

• Verify that the particular lithium-ion battery type is approved for use with the SMA Sunny Island inverter (please see “List of Approved Lithium-Ion Batteries” under the Technical Information tab at www.SMA-America.com).

• If manufacturer approved Sunny Island lithium-ion batteries are not available, you may use lead acid batteries.

Destruction of the Sunny Island due to parallel connection of Sunny Island inverters which are set to different grid voltages

• Do not connect a Sunny Island in parallel if its line voltage is set to different values.

Batteries may be destroyed due to deep discharge

The self-consumption of the Sunny Island discharges the battery. In standby mode, this load is about 4 W and about 25 W in no-load operation.

• If you install the Sunny Island and do not wish to use it immediately, switch the Sunny Island off (see Section9.3 "Switching Off", page75).

• If you want to decommission the Sunny Island for a long period, switch the Sunny Island off (see Section9.3 "Switching Off", page75).

Connection requirements

Be sure to observe all valid regional standards and directives.

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SMA America, LLC 3 Safety

Installation altitude

The Sunny Island has been designed for use at altitudes of up to 9,840 ft (3,000 m) above MSL. Please contact SMA before using the device at altitudes above 9,840 ft (3,000 m).

A performance loss of 0.5% per 330 ft (100 m) is to be expected starting at an altitude of 6,560 ft (2,000 m) above MSL.

3.3 Potential Hazards

Electric shock from touching live components

Death or serious injuries. In order to ensure complete protection against contact, comply with the following observing this document:

• Ensure that the Sunny Island is correctly mounted.

• Ensure that the Sunny Island is properly grounded.

• Ensure that all connections are correctly made.

• Ensure that the enclosure lid is firmly closed.

Danger to life due to high voltages in the stand-alone grid

Death or serious injury possible due to electric shock. The Sunny Island can start on its own.

• Before working on the stand-alone grid, switch off and disconnect all AC and DC power sources.

• Ensure that the system cannot be reconnected.

• Open the enclosure lid of the Sunny Island and ensure that no voltage is present.

• Ground and short-circuit the AC cables outside the Sunny Island inverter.

• Cover or isolate any adjacent live components.

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3 Safety SMA America, LLC

Danger to life if the Sunny Island is used to supply energy to life-sustaining medical devices

The Sunny Island was not developed to power life-sustaining medical devices.

• Do not use the Sunny Island in systems in which a power outage might result in personal injury.

Destruction of the Sunny Island if installed in improper locations

The Sunny Island is only suited for indoor installation and corresponds to degree of protection NEMA 1 (IP30, or IP40 with inserted SD memory card).

• Do not expose the Sunny Island to moisture, rain or direct solar irradiation.

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SMA America, LLC 4 Mounting

4 Mounting

4.1 Selecting the Mounting Location

Danger to life if installed in improper locations

Death or serious burns. Despite careful construction, electrical devices can cause fires.

• Do not mount the Sunny Island on flammable construction materials.

• Do not mount the Sunny Island near highly flammable materials.

• Do not mount the Sunny Island in potentially explosive areas.

Risk of injury through contact with hot enclosure parts during operation

Burns to the body.

• Mount the inverter in such a way that the enclosure cannot be touched inadvertently.

Risk of injury due to the Sunny Island falling during transport or mounting

Physical injury (fractures or crushing) and damage to the Sunny Island.

• Take the weight of the Sunny Island of 139 lb (63 kg) into account.

• Use the recessed grips or steel bars for transporting and mounting.

Overheating of the Sunny Island due to insufficient clearance to other Sunny Island inverters in areas with high ambient temperatures

If several inverters have been installed in areas with high ambient temperatures, the independent cooling of individual inverters needs to be guaranteed.

If necessary, increase the clearances between the individual inverters and make sure there is enough fresh-air supply to ensure optimum operation of the inverters.

The Sunny Island switches itself off automatically in the event of overtemperature.

Observe the following conditions during mounting:

• The mounting location and method must be suitable for the weight and dimensions of the Sunny Island.

• Mount on a solid support surface.

• The mounting location must be accessible at all times.

• The ambient temperature must be between − 13°F ( − 25°C) and +140°F (+60°C).

• Do not expose the Sunny Island to direct solar irradiation, so as to avoid power reduction due to excessive heating.

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4 Mounting SMA America, LLC

• Mount the Sunny Island in such a way that the display is at eye level in order to allow the operating state to be read at all times.

• Mount vertically or tilted backwards by max. 45°.

• Never mount the device with a forward tilt.

• Do not mount in a horizontal position.

• The connection area must not point upwards.

• The room air can have a humidity of up to 100%, but this must not be condensing.

• In a living area, do not mount the unit on plasterboard walls, etc. in order to avoid audible vibrations.

The Sunny Island can make noises when in use which can be considered a nuisance when installed in a living area.

• Maintain the minimum distances to walls, other devices and objects as represented in the illustration. In order to maintain sufficient ventilation, when installing the device a minimum clearance of 12 in (30 cm) at the sides and top must be maintained. Operation and reading are made easier by installing the Sunny Island with its display at eye level and by keeping a distance of 20 in (50 cm) from the front.

• All cables are routed to the outside through the underside of the enclosure. Therefore a minimum clearance of 20 in (50 cm) must be observed here.

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SMA America, LLC 4 Mounting

4.2 Mounting the Sunny Island with the Wall Mounting Bracket

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4 Mounting SMA America, LLC

4.2.1 Mounting the Sunny Island on a Stone Wall

Risk of injury due to the Sunny Island falling

Physical injury (fractures or crushing) and damage to the Sunny Island.

• Ensure that the wall can carry the weight of the Sunny Island.

• If mounting onto a wooden wall with studs, ensure that the wall mounting bracket is firmly connected with all studs.

1. Place the wall mounting bracket against a suitable wall for mounting and align using a level. Mark the position of the drill holes using the wall mounting bracket. When doing this, use at least one hole on the left side and one hole on the right side of the wall mounting bracket.

2. Check the mounting location for current-carrying cables. If there are current-carrying cables at the mounting location, select a different mounting location.

3. Drill holes on the markings for them.

4. Secure the wall mounting bracket to the wall using appropriate screws and washers. Tighten the screws in a clockwise direction.

Risk of injury due to the Sunny Island falling during transport or mounting

Physical injury (fractures or crushing) and damage to the Sunny Island.

• Take the weight of the Sunny Island of 139 lb (63 kg) into account.

• Use the recessed grips or steel bars for transporting and mounting.

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SMA America, LLC 4 Mounting

5. Attach the Sunny Island to the wall mounting bracket.

6. Screw the Sunny Island to the wall mounting bracket on both sides using the screws (M6x10) provided. Tighten the screws clockwise.

7. Make sure that the screws are securely in place.

8. Close the recessed grips with the ventilation grids provided. To help you identify the sides, the ventilation grids are marked on the inside with "links/left" and "rechts/right".

☑ The Sunny Island is mounted using the wall mounting bracket.

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4 Mounting SMA America, LLC

4.2.2 Mounting the Sunny Island using Wall Studs

Risk of injury due to the Sunny Island falling

Physical injury (fractures or crushing) and damage to the Sunny Island.

• Ensure that the wall can carry the weight of the Sunny Island.

• If mounting onto a wooden wall with studs, ensure that the wall mounting bracket is firmly connected with all studs.

If the Sunny Island is to be mounted on wall studs, then us e th e ho les in the wal l mo unt ing brack et a s sh own in the figures. Ensure that the wall mounting bracket is positioned at least over one wall stud. Note that the wall mounting bracket is designed to mount on a single wall stud or on two wall studs. When mounting to wall studs, use a minimum of four 0.315 in (8 mm) lag screws with a minimum length of 2 in (50 mm).

If two or more Sunny Island inverters are to be installed, mount the inverters on two studs each in order to get better cooling. Make sure that the wall where you intend to install the Sunny Island is vertical and can carry the weight of the Sunny Island (139 Ib, 63 kg) on a long-term basis.

Otherwise proceed as per the mounting on a stone wall (see Section4.2.1 "Mounting the Sunny Island on a Stone Wall", page34).

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SMA America, LLC 5 Opening and Closing

5 Opening and Closing

The enclosure of the Sunny Island has a removable lid. Remove the enclosure lid only when installing the device or for required maintenance or repair work.

5.1 Opening the Sunny Island

1. Stop the Sunny Island (see Section9.2 "Stopping the Sunny Island (Standby)", page75).

2. Disconnect the Sunny Island from voltage sources (see Section9.4 "Disconnecting the Device from Voltage Sources", page75).

3. Ensure that the system cannot be accidentally switched on again.

Danger to life due to high voltages in the Sunny Island

Death or serious injury possible due to electric shock.

• Wait 15 minutes before opening the Sunny Island until its capacitors are discharged.

Risk of burns due to hot components

Some components of the Sunny Island can get very hot during operation. Touching these components can cause burns. Heat build-up can cause burns.

• During operation, do not touch any parts other than the enclosure lid of the Sunny Island.

• When the Sunny Island is open, do not touch hot surfaces.

4. Loosen all six screws on the enclosure lid and set them aside.

5. Remove the enclosure lid and set it aside.

☑ The Sunny Island is open.

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5 Opening and Closing SMA America, LLC

5.2 Closing the Sunny Island

Electric shock due to live enclosure lid

Death or serious injuries. The grounding of the lid is ensured by the toothed washers.

• Fasten the washers for all six screws with the toothing facing toward the enclosure lid.

1. Place the enclosure lid onto the enclosure and fasten with the six screws and the corresponding washers in the sequence depicted on the right. Tighten the screws with a torque of 53 in-lb (6 Nm).

2. Commission the Sunny Island as described in Section (see Section9.1 "Switching On", page74).

☑ The Sunny Island is closed and in operation.

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SMA America, LLC 6 Electrical Connection

6 Electrical Connection

All cables are routed through the openings on the bottom side of the device (see next illustration) and connected to the appropriate terminals on the Sunny Island.

Use conduits to install the cables on the DC side and on the AC side on the Sunny Island. Conduits ensure the dust-tight and water-tight mounting of a cable on the enclosure and also serve as a strain relief of the cable at the terminal. Close all unused openings in the enclosure using the appropriate filler plugs.

Use the provided terminals to connect the cables inside the Sunny Island enclosure in a manner conforming to the appropriate standards.

Obtain an overview of the different devices and connection areas of the Sunny Island (see Section2.2 "At a Glance", page21).

Refer to the table below for the appropriate torque values and cable sizes.

Terminal Torque Cable size Cable type

DC connections 21 ft-lb (28 Nm) AWG 6 to AWG 3/0

(16 mm² to 95 mm²)

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Only use copper conductors. These cables must be approved for 167°F (75°C).

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Terminal Torque Cable size Cable type

AC terminals 22 in-lb (2.5 Nm) AWG 4 (25 mm²) Only use copper

conductors. These cables must be approved for 167°F (75°C).

Additional Connections

5in-lb to 7 in-lb (0.56 Nm to

0.79 Nm)

AWG 30 to AWG 12 (0.05mm² to 4mm²)

Only use copper conductors. These cables must be approved for 167°F (75°C).

An overview of the different devices and their connection areas of the Sunny Island 4548-US / 6048-US can be found in section (see Section2.2 "At a Glance", page21).

Detailed installation descriptions of the connections are provided in the following sections:

• Grounding (see Section6.5 "Interface for External Communication", page62)

• DC Connection (see Section6.2 "DC Connection", page43)

• AC Connection (see Section6.3 "AC Connection", page48)

• Data Cable of the Lithium-Ion Battery (see Section6.4.2 "Connecting the Data Cable of the Lithium-Ion Batteries", page53)

• Battery Temperature Sensor (see Section6.4.3 "Battery Temperature Sensor", page53)

• Battery Current Sensor (see Section6.4.4 "Battery Current Sensor", page54)

• Communication for Multi-Device Connection (see Section6.4.5 "Communication for Multi-Device Connection", page56)

• Multifunction Relay 1 and 2 (see Section6.4.6 "Multifunction Relay 1 and 2", page58)

• External Communication (see Section6.5 "Interface for External Communication", page62)

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6.1 Grounding

Danger to life due to electric shock

• Fuse the sub-distribution of the generator or the utility grid at input AC2 of the Sunny Island with an overcurrent protective device (Branch Circuit Protection).

• Ensure that the overcurrent protective device complies with the specifications of the National

Electrical Code

• Use an overcurrent protective device for a maximum of 70 A.

Danger to life from electric shock due to faulty grounding

To allow different types of grounding, the N connection of the Sunny Island is NOT connected to PE at the factory. However, since a connection between N and PE is required for correct operation, this must be done outside of the device.

• Before commissioning, connect the Sunny Island 4548-US/6048-US and all other devices of the stand-alone grid to a grounded utility grid.

• Take the National Electrical Code and directives into consideration.

, ANSI/NFPA 70.

, ANSI/NFPA 70, and all locally applicable standards

External grounding of the negative terminal of the battery

Ex ter nal groun din g of the negat ive ter min al of t he b att eries is possible because the batteries and the grid side are galvanically insulated within the Sunny Island.

• D ime nsi on t he cro ss- sec tio n of the gr oun din g cond uct or s uffic ien tly . Th us, you ar e ensu rin g that in the event of a fault the high currents occurring can be discharged with an external grounding.

• If grounding of the negative terminal of the battery is necessary, assemble this outside of the Sunny Island.

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Connecting the Grounding Conductor

1. Install a conduit with a diameter of 1

/2in. (38.1 mm) at the opening in the center of the

Sunny Island. Attach the conduit in the inside of the Sunny Island using the appropriate nut.

2. Pull the cable with the grounding conductor through the supply line from the inside of the distribution board into the enclosure of the Sunny Island.

3. Strip off the insulation of the grounding conductor.

4. P lug the groun din g co nduct or i nto th e DC termi nal for gr oun din g an d tigh ten th e fa ste ning s cre w with a torque of 21 ft-lb (28 Nm). Use an Allen key (8 mm).

☑ The grounding conductor is connected.

Calculating the cross-section of a grounding conductor

SMA cannot state generally valid values for the cross-section of the grounding conductor required for the external grounding of the battery. The conductor dimensions depend on the type and size of the battery connected, the external fuse (DC side) and the material used for the grounding conductor.

Calculating the grounding conductor cross-section according to applicable standards

Exact calculation of the grounding conductor cross-section must take account of the regionally applicable standards and directives (e.g National Electric Code

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Article 250.122).

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6.2 DC Connection

Function impairments of devices on the DC busbar

The Sunny Island is not suitable for use with DC supply grids. Function impairment can occur on devices installed on the DC side of a Sunny Island with cables exceeding 98 ft (30 m) and with a flexible connection.

• Only use fixed installations.

• Do not use cables of lengths greater than 98 ft (30 m) between the Sunny Island and the battery and/or DC device.

6.2.1 Safety Precautions/Conditions

Connect a suitable battery to the DC side (see Section22 "Technical Data", page226). The DC connection must be made in accordance with all locally applicable directives and directives.

Danger to life due to explosive gases

Explosive gases may escape from the battery and cause an explosion. This can result in death or serious injury.

• Protect the battery environment from open flames, embers, or sparks.

• Install, operate, and maintain the battery in accordance with the manufacturer's specifications.

• Do not heat the battery above the temperature permitted or burn the battery.

• Ensure that the battery room is sufficiently ventilated.

Chemical burns and poisoning due to battery electrolyte

If handled inappropriately, battery electrolyte can cause irritation to the eyes, respiratory system, and skin, and it can be toxic. This may result in blindness and serious chemical burns.

• Protect the battery enclosure against destruction.

• Do not open or deform the battery.

• Whenever working on the battery, wear suitable personal protective equipment such as rubber gloves, apron, rubber boots and goggles.

• Rinse acid splashes thoroughly with clear water and consult a doctor.

• Install, operate, maintain, and dispose of the battery according to the manufacturer's specifications.

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Risk of injury due to short-circuit currents

Short-circuit currents in the battery can cause heat build-up and electric arcs. Burns or eye injuries due to flashes may result.

• Remove watches, rings, and other metal objects.

•Use insulated tools.

• Do not place tools or metal parts on the battery.

Danger to life due to incompatible lithium-ion battery

• Verify that the battery complies with locally applicable standards and directives, and is intrinsically safe.

• If manufacturer approved Sunny Island lithium-ion batteries are not available, you may use lead acid batteries.

Ampacity of lithium-ion batteries in off-grid systems

In order to meet the requirements of off-grid systems, the Sunny Island has a high overload capacity. This overload capacity requires the battery to supply sufficient current. With lithium-ion batteries, this ampacity cannot be taken for granted.

• Check with the battery manufacturer whether the battery is suitable for off-grid systems with Sunny Island inverters. Pay special attention to the ampacity.

Lithium-ion batteries on the Sunny Island require firmware version 7.3

When using lithium-ion batteries on the Sunny Island, the firmware version must be at least 7.3.

• Before connecting a lithium-ion battery to the Sunny Island, check whether the Sunny Island has at least firmware version 7.3.

• If the Sunny Island has an older firmware version, update the firmware (see Section11.6 "Firmware Update", page98).

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6.2.2 Cable Dimensioning

Keep the cables to the battery as short as possible

The batte ry cables should be as short as po ssible. Long cables and insufficient wire sizes reduce the system efficiency as well as the overload capacities. Do not lay the battery cable under plaster or in armored conduits.

Choosing the wire size

For cable lengths exceeding 33 ft (10 m), SMA recommends choosing wire sizes greater than those given by the National Electrical Code

Example for Cable Dimensioning

With a 48 V battery voltage and an outgoing AC power of 4,500 W, a current of up to 100 A flows through the SI 4548-US-10 battery cable. At the same battery voltage and an outgoing AC power of 6,000 W, a current of up to 130 A flows through the battery cables of the SI 6048-US-10.

The current flowing through the battery cables causes a power loss and a voltage drop with every meter. Refer to the following table for the power loss and voltage drop associated with different wire sizes.

Wire size Power loss Voltage drop

AWG 2/0 (70 mm²) 1.8 W/ft (6 W/m) 14 mV/ft (45 mV/m)

AWG 3/0 (95 mm²) 1.4 W/ft (4.7 W/m) 11 mV/ft (35 mV/m)

310.15.

Example:

Fo r a d ist ance o f 33 ft ( 10 m) b etw een th e Su nny Islan d an d the b attery, at least 66 ft (20 m) of cable are needed (distance there and back). Using a wire size of AWG 2/0 (70 mm²), 100 A (nominal current of the battery) causes a power loss of 120 W in total and an effective voltage drop of 0.9 V.

Calculation of the averaged nominal current of the battery

You can calculate the averaged nominal current of the connected battery using the following formula:

= Nominal current of the battery

Bat

PAC = AC power of the inverter V

= Nominal voltage of the battery

Bat

= Inverter efficiency at a given AC power

INV

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6.2.3 Cable Protection

The DC circuit breaker in the Sunny Island can interrupt DC currents of up to 10 kA. In addition to the internal DC circuit breakers, install a separate, external fuse as close as possible to the battery. Install a fuse link for the fuse suitable for the maximum occurring DC currents.

Electric shock resulting from insufficient protection of the DC cables

Death or serious burns.

• Check whether external cable protection is present.

• If no external cable protection is present, observe the following: – Lay the DC cable in such way that ground faults and short circuits cannot occur. – Install the additional current limiting fuse outside of the Sunny Island. When doing so,

observe all locally applicable standards and directives.

6.2.4 Connecting the Sunny Island on the DC Side

Danger to life due to electric shock

• Connect the external fuse and the battery cable to the battery only after all installation work

has been completed.

Risk of burns due to hot battery components

Improper battery connection may result in excessively high transition resistances. Excessive transition resistances give rise to localized heat build-up.

• Ensure that all pole connectors are connected with the connecting torque specified by the

battery manufacturer.

• Ensure that all DC cables are connected with the connecting torque specified by the battery

manufacturer.

Requirements

• 1 conduit with a diameter of 11/2in. (38.1 mm) is installed at the opening in the middle of the Sunny Island (see Section6.1 "Grounding", page41).

• The conduit is attached inside the Sunny Island with a suitable nut.

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Installing the DC Connection

1. Pull the positive DC cable through the conduit from the distribution board into the enclosure of the Sunny Island.

2. Pull the negative DC cable through the conduit from the distribution board into the enclosure of the Sunny Island.

3. Remove the coating.

4. Strip the DC cable insulation.

DC connection area

The areas between the stripped conductor and the connection area must be clean. This ensures that the transition resistance and the heating of the terminal points is reduced.

Th e Su nny Isl and has a DC ter min al f or a max imu m of 3/0 AWG for DC +, D C− and gro und ing conductor.

5. Insert the negative DC conductor in the "DC–" terminal and tighten the fastening screw with a torque of 21 ft-lb (28 Nm). Use an Allen key (8 mm).

6. Insert the positive DC conductor in the "DC+" terminal and tighten the fastening screw with a torque of 21 ft-lb (28 Nm). Use an Allen key (8 mm).

DC cable

Do not connect any other devices to the DC cables. Other devices must be connected directly to the battery via separate cables.

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6.3 AC Connection

6.3.1 Cable Protection

You must connect the Sunny Island via a sub-distribution to the stand-alone grid and any external source present.

Fit the sub-distribution with appropriate circuit breakers and observe all locally applicable standards and directives.

Fitting the sub-distribution with circuit breakers

The sub-distribution must be equipped with appropriate circuit breakers. Observe all locally applicable standards and directives.

Maximum permissible input current

The maximum input current allowed on the Sunny Island is 56 A. Higher input currents must not be connected to the Sunny Island.

No all-pole isolator on the Sunny Island

The Sunny Island is not equipped with an all-pole isolator. The neutral conductor (N conductor) is looped through the device and the N terminals of AC1 and AC2 are connected inside the Sunny Island.

6.3.2 AC1 (Loads/Sunny Boys)

The sub-distribution of the stand-alone grid (e.g. loads, PV inverter, wind power inverter) is connected to output AC1 of the Sunny Island.

If you want to fuse individual load circuits in a 120 V grid separately, install circuit breakers with a rated current of up to 20 A: the Sunny Island can safely trip circuit breakers of up to 20 A.

If you install circuit breakers with a higher rated current, the Sunny Island may not trip these. In this case the DC breaker in the Sunny Island would trip and the Sunny Island would disconnect (see Section9.5 "Recommissioning After Automatic Shutdown", page76).

Cable lengths in single-phase, parallel, split-phase, double split-phase and three-phase systems

The AC cables between the Sunny Island and the sub-distribution of a system must have the same wire size and the same cable length for all parallel connected devices.

Distributing loads and AC feed-in generators in multiple-phase systems

Distribute the feed-in power and the consumed power of the loads and AC feed-in generators as equally as possible across all line conductors of the system.

Connection in a split-phase system

In a sp lit -ph ase sys tem, conn ect the mas ter to line co ndu cto r L1 and the slave 1 to line conductor L2 (see Section2.2 "At a Glance", page21).

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Double-split-phase system

In a double split-phase system, connect the master and slave 2 to line conductor L1. In a double split-phase system, connect slave 1 and slave 3 to line conductor L2.

Connection in a three-phase system

Always install the master on line conductor L1, slave 1 on L2 and slave 2 on L3. This installation has a right-hand rotating magnetic field.

Failure of a line conductor within a three-phase system

If in a three-phase system, a line conductor fails on the master, the cluster stops. If a line conductor fails on a slave, the cluster can either continue to operate or switch off. Whether the cluster continues to work or switches off depends on the setting of the parameter "250.30 RnMod" (see Section19.2.5 "System Settings (250#)", page190).

Connecting the AC1 cable:

Wire size

The maximum wire size for connecting the loads/PV inverters is 4AWG (25mm²).

1. Install a conduit with a diameter of 3/4in. (19 mm) at the left opening on the left side of the Sunny Island enclosure. Attach the conduit on the inside of the Sunny Island with a counter nut.

2. Install the conduit on the distribution board.

3. Pull the cable from the distribution board through the conduit into the Sunny Island.

4. Remove the protective insulation of the three cables (insulation stripping length: 0.75 in (18 mm)).

5. Insert the grounding conductor into the terminal labeled "AC1 Loads/Sunny Boys" and tighten the fastening screw with a torque of 22 in-lb (2.5 Nm). Use a torque wrench with flat-blade screwdriver bit SZS 1.0 x 6.5.

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6. Insert N and L into the terminals labeled "AC1 Loads/Sunny Boys" and tighten the fastening screws with a torque of 22 in-lb (2.5 Nm). Use a torque wrench with flat-blade screwdriver bit SZS 1.0 x 6.5.

☑ The AC1 cables are connected.

6.3.3 AC2 (Generator/Grid)

The sub-distribution of the generator or utility grid is connected at input AC2 of the Sunny Island.

Cable lengths in single-phase, parallel, split-phase, double split-phase and three-phase systems

The AC cables between all Sunny Island inverters and generator or the utility grid of a system must have the same wire size and the same cable length.

Single-phase parallel system

In the case of single-phase parallel systems, also connect the generator or the utility grid to all slaves on AC2. The wire sizes and cable lengths used must be identical.

Distribution of loads and AC feed-in generators in multi-phase systems

Distribute the feed-in power and consumption power of the loads as well as the AC feed-in generators as equally as possible across all line conductors of the system.

Split-phase system

In a sp lit -ph ase sys tem, conn ect the mas ter to line co ndu cto r L1 and the slave 1 to line conductor L2 (see Section2.2 "At a Glance", page21).

Double-split-phase system

In a double split-phase system, connect the master and slave 2 to line conductor L1. In a double split-phase system, connect slave 1 and slave 3 to line conductor L2.

Three-phase system

Always install the master on line conductor L1, slave 1 on L2 and slave 2 on L3. This installation has a right-hand rotating magnetic field.

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Additional fuses in the system

If there are no additional fuses installed between the generator or utility grid and the Sunny Island, the Sunny Island knows whether it has a connection to the utility grid/to the generator. The Sunny Island can then draw current from the utility grid/from the generator.

If there are additional fuses or switches installed between the Sunny Island and the utility grid/ the generator, the Sunny Island cannot determine whether fuses or switches are disconnected or whether there is no voltage available from the utility grid/the generator. In either case the Sunny Island cannot charge its battery and the loads that are in operation will discharge the Sunny Island battery.

Check the additional fuses and switches regularly in order that the Sunny Island battery only discharges when there is no voltage available from the utility grid/the generator.

Connecting the AC2 Cable (Generator/Grid):

Wire size

The maximum wire size for connecting the generator is 4 AWG (25 mm²).

1. Install a conduit with a diameter of 3/4in. (19 mm) at the right opening on the left side of the Sunny Island enclosure. Attach the conduit on the inside of the Sunny Island with a counter nut.

2. Install the conduit on the distribution board.

3. Pull the cable from the distribution board through the conduit into the Sunny Island.

4. Remove the protective insulation of the three cables (insulation stripping length: 0.75 in (18 mm)).

5. Insert the grounding conductor into the terminal labeled "AC2 Gen/Grid" and tighten the fastening screw with a torque of 22 in-lb (2.5 Nm). Use a torque wrench with flat-blade screwdriver bit SZS 1.0 x 6.5.

6. Insert N and L into the terminals labeled "AC2 Gen/Grid" and tighten the fastening screws with a torque of 22 in-lb (2.5 Nm). Use a torque wrench with flat-blade screwdriver bit SZS

1.0 x 6.5.

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6.4 Additional Connections

6.4.1 Inserting the Data Cables

For installing the connections described in the following sections, lead the data cables through the specified holes in the cable support sleeve. Plugs for sealing the RJ45 data cables for internal and ex ter nal commu nic ation are pro vided in t he pla sti c flan ge p lat e upon delivery. Through a combination of the plugs there are up to four feed-throughs (two plugs without a feed-through, one plug with one feed-through and two plugs with two feed-throughs). Insert the necessary plugs with feed-through to attach the data cables.

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6.4.2 Connecting the Data Cable of the Lithium-Ion Batteries

Requirements:

The total length of the communication bus must not exceed 98 ft (30 m). Keep in mind that the communication bus possibly connects several nodes such as additional Sunny Island inverters.

The data cable must be a CAT5 cable with RJ45 plugs.

1. Plug the data cable into a free pin connector ComSync on the Sunny Island.

2. Connect the other end of the data cable to the battery management of the lithium-ion battery (see battery manufacturer documentation).

3. Ensure that the communication bus is closed at each end, e.g. with a terminator.

6.4.3 Battery Temperature Sensor

The battery temperature sensor measures the temperature of the connected battery. For lead-acid batteries, this is necessary since the optimum charging voltage for a battery strongly depends on the temperature (see Section13.5 "Charge Control", page110). For lithium-ion batteries, the external battery management transfers the battery temperature to the Sunny Island and thus replaces the battery temperature sensor.

The battery temperature sensor must be connected for the operation of the Sunny Island (included in the scope of delivery). In case of a fault (short circuit, cable break), the Sunny Island operates in a safe setting, which over time leads to deep discharge of the battery. A warning indicating that the defective battery temperature sensor should be replaced immediately is displayed.

Destruction of the battery through deep discharge as a result of the installation of an unsuitable battery temperature sensor

• Only use the battery temperature sensor included in the scope of delivery.

• Do not drill holes into the battery to install the battery temperature sensor.

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Battery temperature sensor in a cluster

A battery temperature sensor is provided with each Sunny Island. Only one battery temperature sensor is required for a cluster. Connect the temperature sensor to the master of the cluster.

Connecting the Battery Temperature Sensor

Polarity of the conductors

The polarity of the two conductors is irrelevant for the functioning of the battery temperature sensor.

1. Pierce a hole at a suitable location in the cable support sleeve using a sharp object.

2. Starting from the outside, lead the insulated conductors with bootlace ferrules through the hole in the Sunny Island.

3. Connect the insulated conductors correspondingly to the "BatVtgOut" terminal of the four-pole terminal included in the delivery.

4. Tighten the terminals (torque: 5 in-lb to 7 in-lb (0.56 Nm to 0.79 Nm)).

5. Insert the 4-pole terminal into the "BatTmp" pin connector on the Sunny Island.

6. Attach the battery temperature sensor to the outside of one of the battery cells. Choose a spot between two cells and in the central area of the battery storage system. The heat generation during operation is the greatest there.

6.4.4 Battery Current Sensor

In addition to the internal measurement, the Sunny Island provides the possibility to measure the battery current via a shunt. You need this function if you intend to operate additional DC generators and DC loads in your off-grid system. Only one battery current sensor is necessary in a cluster; this is to be connected to the cluster master.

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Destruction of the battery due to the connection of additional DC devices

If additional DC devices are installed in an off-grid system, the internal Sunny Island current measurement becomes inaccurate. The charge current can no longer be set exactly and as a result will destroy the battery.

• Install an external battery current sensor (shunt).

Example:

Connecting the Battery Current Sensor

Use cables of intrinsically safe circuits

Always use cables for intrinsically safe electric circuits for connecting the battery current sensor. Intrinsically safe means that the cable is double-insulated and that in the event of a short-circuit the wire melts but the insulation remains intact. In addition, the cable i s not combustible . In order to avoid measuring errors, make sure that the cable conductors are twisted.

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Installation notice

The battery current sensor must be looped around the negative terminal of the battery. The terminal of the battery current sensor which is connected to the Sunny Island (1), must be connected to the terminal "BatCur+" (see example).

• Positive battery current means that the battery is being discharged (current from the battery).

• Negative battery current means that the battery is being charged (current into the battery).

1. Pierce a hole at a suitable location in the cable support sleeve using a sharp object.

2. Starting from the outside, lead the insulated conductors with bootlace ferrules through the hole in the Sunny Island.

3. Connect the insulated conductors correspondingly to the "BatVtgOut" terminal of the 4-pole terminal included in the delivery.

4. Tighten the terminals (torque: 5 in-lb to 7 in-lb (0.56 Nm to 0.79 Nm)).

5. Insert the 4-pole terminal into the "BatTmp" pin connector on the Sunny Island.

☑ The battery current sensor is installed.

Commissioning the battery current sensor

When connecting a battery current sensor to the Sunny Island, you must set the device-internal offset during the initial start-up of the off-grid system on the Sunny Island as described(see Section8.3 "Commissioning the battery current sensor", page72).

6.4.5 Communication for Multi-Device Connection

The Sunny Island can be connected in parallel, as a split-phase system or in a three-phase system with other Sunny Island inverters in order to increase the overall power. The Sunny Island inverters communicate with each other via an RJ45 data cable. A black RJ45 cable is provided with each Sunny Island. You need it in order to establish an (internal) communication between several Sunny Island inverters. The maximum overall length of the communication bus of 98ft (30m) must

not be exceeded. If you operate only one Sunny Island in your system, the cable is not required.

Proceed as follows to implement the connection:

1. Remove one of the two plugs from the cable support sleeve.

2. Lead the RJ45 cable from the outside through the plugs inside the master.

3. Remove the terminator plugged into the "ComSyncOut" pin connector of the master and insert it in "ComSyncIn" pin connector of the master.

4. Plug the RJ45 cable into the "ComSyncOut" pin connector.

5. Connect the master with slave:

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Number of slaves Connection procedure

1 slave • Take the RJ45 cable coming from the master, insert it into the

slave and plug it into the "ComSyncIn" pin connector.

• Leave the terminator plugged into the "ComSyncOut" pin connector.

☑ Master and slave are connected.

2 slaves • Lead the RJ45 cable coming from the master into slave 1 and

plug it into the "ComSyncIn" pin connector.

• Remove the terminator in the slave 1 from the "ComSyncOut" pin connector.

• Plug the RJ45 cable included in the scope of delivery into the "ComSyncOut" pin connector of slave 1.

• Lead the RJ45 cable coming from slave 1 into slave 2 and plug it into the "ComSyncIn" pin connector.

☑ The master and the slaves are connected.

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6.4.6 Multifunction Relay 1 and 2

The Sunny Island offers you several options for the control of internal and external processes. Two multi-function relays are integrated into the Sunny Island to which you can assign functions using the parameters "241.01 Rly1Op" and "241.02 Rly2Op" (see Section15 "Relays", page139).

We recommend connecting the load shedding and generator request functions to the master, since, if a failure occurs, the slave may be waiting for a confirmation, but the master continues to operate and the device can at least operate in a limited capacity.

Operating principles of the relays

The relays are changeover contacts; they can be used as break contact (NCC) or as make contact (NOC).

You can only assign one function to each relay!

Connection to the Relay Contact

Danger to life from electric shock due to incorrect insulation

• Securely disconnect the insulated conductors leading to the relay contact from the communication area and the AC area.

• Strip off the insulation of the conductor leading to the relay contact.

• Sheathe the silicon tube included in the delivery via the insulated conductors used in the relay contacts.

• Never operate the Sunny Island without silicone tube.

1. Pierce a hole at a suitable location in the cable support sleeve using a sharp object.

2. Starting from the outside, lead the insulated conductors with bootlace ferrules through the hole in the Sunny Island.

3. Cut an appropriate piece from the silicone tube (included in scope of delivery) and pull it over the insulated conductors.

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4. Connect the insulated conductors to the supplied three-pole terminal. The pins have the following meaning:

– NC: normally closed (when the Sunny Island is

off, the relay is closed) – C: Contact (front contact) – NO: normally opened (when the Sunny Island

is off, the relay is open)

5. Tighten the terminals (torque: 5 in-lb to 7 in-lb (0.56 Nm to 0.79 Nm)).

6. Insert the three-pole terminal into corresponding pin connector on the Sunny Island.

Power Contactor for Load Shedding

The Sunny Island can automatically disconnect loads to protect the battery from deep discharge. An external (AC or DC) power contactor must be installed between the Sunny Island and the loads (see Section12.1 "Load Shedding", page102).

Installing the power supply of a DC power contactor for load shedding (e.g. relay2):

Power supply of the DC power contactor

A voltage of 48 V supplied by the battery is present in the control circuit.

• Load the BatVtgOut terminals with a maximum of 0.75 A.

1. Connect the A1 coil terminal of the power contactor to the terminal NO (Relay2).

2. Wire terminal C (Relay2) to the terminal "BatVtgOut +".

3. Wire the A2 coil connector of the power contactor to the terminal "BatVtgOut –".

☑ The control circuit of the power contactor is installed.

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Generator start

The Sunny Island can control generators. The Sunny Island directly supports generators that can be started/stopped using a single contact.

Default settings of the relays

Relay 1 is preset to the "AutoGn" generator start function and relay 2 to the "AutoLodSoc" load shedding function.

6.4.7 BatVtgOut Power Supply

The battery voltage is conducted to the outside at these terminals. The battery voltage is fused at both poles by PTC resistors (max. 0.75 A). Depending on the internal temperature of the Sunny Island, the tripping threshold is over 0.75 A.

This connection can be used, for example, to supply a DC contactor for load shedding.

Connecting the BatVtgOut Voltage Supply

1. Pierce a hole at a suitable location in the cable support sleeve using a sharp object.

2. Starting from the outside, lead the insulated conductors with bootlace ferrules through the hole in the Sunny Island.

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3. Connect the insulated conductors to the "BatVtgOut" terminal of the 4-pole terminal.

4. Tighten the screws of the terminal (torque: 5 in-lb to 7 in-lb (0.56 Nm to 0.79 Nm)).

☑ The BatVtgOut voltage supply is connected.

6.4.8 DigIn Digital Input

The DigIn connection is used as a digital input for external electrical sources.

Area of the input voltage at the DigIn input

A voltage of between 5 V and 63 V may be present at the digital input DigIn.

Corresponding functions

If you operate the system in mixed operation with generator and utility grid (GenGrid) in parallel, use the relays on the master device in order to activate the corresponding functions.

Connecting the DigIn Digital Input

1. Pierce a hole at a suitable location in the cable support sleeve using a sharp object.

2. Starting from the outside, lead the insulated conductors with bootlace ferrules through the hole in the Sunny Island.

3. Connect the insulated conductors correspondingly to the "DigIn" terminal of the 4-pole terminal.

4. Tighten the screws of the terminal (torque: 5 in-lb to 7 in-lb (0.56 Nm to 0.79 Nm)).

☑ The DigIn digital input is connected.

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6.5 Interface for External Communication

You can connect SMA communication devices (e.g. Sunny WebBox) or a PC with the appropriate software to a communication interface. You will find a detailed wiring diagram in the communication device manual, the software or on the Internet at www.SMA-America.com.

You can incorporate an RS485 communication interface into the Sunny Island.

Powerline/Powerline modem (PLM)

Communication via Powerline (PLC) is not possible in off-grid systems.

Communication in a cluster

Fitting a communication interface in a cluster is only necessary on the master.

6.5.1 Connection of the Interface for External Communication

Destruction of the communication interface through electrostatic discharge

Internal components of the Sunny Island can be irreparably damaged by electrostatic discharge.

• Ground yourself before touching components.

Interface for external communication in battery-backup systems

If a battery-backup system. is connected to the Sunny Island, the RS485 communication between the Sunny Island and the PV inverters is necessary For this, the following devices each need one RS485 interface:

• the Sunny Island (if there are several Sunny Island inverters, the Sunny Island master)

•each PV inverter

Connecting the Interface for External Communication

1. Remove the right-hand plug from the cable support sleeve.

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Position Description

A Slot for communication interface

BCable route

C Enclosure opening in the floor of the Sunny Island

2. Lead the cable from the outside through the enclosure opening (C) into the interior of the Sunny Island.

3. Plug the cable into the "ComSmaIn" pin connector.

4. Fit the plug around the cable.

5. Plug the plug back into the designated opening in the cable support sleeve.

6. Lay the cable in the cable route (B).

7. Connect the insulated conductors. Assignment pins in the RJ45 pin connector:

Sunny Boy/ Sunny WebBox

RS485 –

Signal allocation

RJ45 pin connector -

Sunny Island

RJ45 plug color code

2 A (Data+) 3 white with green

stripes

5 GND 2 orange with white

stripes

7 B (Data–) 6 green with white

stripes

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8. The RS485 data bus of the Sunny Island is terminated using a terminator. This terminator is already plugged into the "ComSmaOut" pin connector. Only remove the plug if you want to connect another communication device.

9. Plug the communication interface in slot (A).

Connecting the Sunny Island to the Sunny Boy and the Sunny WebBox with an RS485 Cable

Connecting the Sunny Island to the Sunny Boy and the Sunny WebBox with Separate RS485 Cables

Data Transmission Speed

The Sunny Island can be operated at different data transfer rates to communicate with external devices. Set the parameter "250.06 ComBaud".

Setting the baud rate

If PV inverters are connected to the communication bus, then the baud rate must be set to 1,200 bps (default setting).

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7 Control Elements

In order to commission the Sunny Island, you should familiarize yourself with its operation beforehand. The individual control elements can be seen in the following figure.

Position Description

A Display

BRed LED

C Green LED

D Control buttons

E Slot for the SD memory card

F DC Circuit Breaker

7.1 Display Messages

The display of the Sunny Island has two lines, each with 16 characters.

Meaning of the symbols

Observe the information on the meaning of the individual symbols (see Section10.6 "Display Messages (Overview)", page88).

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Position Description

A Output power/charging power (load status)

B Direction of energy flow and system status

C Displays if the Sunny Island loaded parameters for grid operation or parameters

for generator operation.

D Device assignment

E Status of the external source (asterisk, question mark or exclamation mark)

FRelay 1 status

GRelay 2 status

H Warning message (exclamation mark)

7.2 DC Circuit Breaker

The DC circuit breaker is used to switch on/off as well as to disconnect the Sunny Island on the DC side (see Section9 "Switching On and Off", page74).

7.3 Buttons

The table explains the functions of the buttons on the Sunny Island:

Button Function

cancels the selected function answers NO navigates one menu level higher stops device (when held pressed down)

navigates up one list element, increases data value

navigates down one list element, decreases data value

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Button Function

selects function selects value confirms change answers YES navigates one menu level down starts device (when held pressed down) stops device (when held pressed down)

7.4 Meaning of the Light-Emitting Diodes (LED)

On the Sunny Island control panel, there are both a green (above) and a red (below) light emitting diode (LED), the functions of which are described in the table below:

Green LED Red LED Operating state

––Off

On – Operation or Standby

– On Disturbance or error

7.5 SD Memory Card

The Sunny Island features an SD memory card which can be used for updating firmware and as a service interface (see Section11 "Data Storage on SD Memory Card", page93).

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8 Commissioning

8.1 Requirements

Checking the Connections

• Before commissioning check all electrical connections for correct polarity.

• Ensure that all electrical connections are connected in accordance with the specifications of this technical description.

Always save data

Always use the SD memory card for storing data and events. In case of a failure SMA can thus help you quickly.

• Always leave the SD memory card plugged in the Sunny Island.

• Plug the SD memory card into the card reader in the PC in order to read off the data and events.

The Quick Configuration Guide (QCG) allows you to quickly and easily commission your stand-alone grid power system. To do so, use the menu to select the 'suitable' system for you. The display then shows special queries via which the system parameters can be set specifically.

8.2 Starting the Quick Configuration Guide (QCG)

Error occurrence

If the Sunny Island displays an error message, this must be remedied before the Sunny Island is commissioned (see Section20 "Troubleshooting", page203).

Default settings of parameters

Upon starting the QCG, viable parameter values are set by default.

The QCG is automatically activated during the initial start-up of the Sunny Island. In this case begin with point 3. If the QCG is not activated automatically, begin with point 1.

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01#StartMenu

Start System

1. Switch the DC circuit breaker of the Sunny Island to "ON". ☑ The Sunny Island initiates the start-up phase.

The notifications shown here are displayed. The last notification is displayed as soon as the start-up phase is completed.

2. Press and hold down <ENTER> until the Sunny Island beeps three times. ☑ The QCG is started.

Systems with several Sunny Island inverters

If you have a system with more than one Sunny Island, you must take the following measures:

• Configure the Sunny Island with the latest firmware version as master or install the latest firmware version in the master (see www.SMA-America.com). The master updates the firmware of the slaves once the off-grid system is started.

•You must first run the QCG on the slave(s) before starting the master device (display message "INIT MASTER OK START?"). Only the device type is set there. Only start the

master device thereafter!

– "Start System" (if you have accidentally accessed the QCG and would o nly like to restart

the system)

– "New System" (if you would like to start a new system or perform changes to the plant

configuration)

– "New Battery" (if you wish to reset battery-specific parameters only) You cannot change

general parameters using "New Battery".

–"Emerg Charge" (if you would like to charge a deeply discharged battery using an

external source)

3. The following parameters must be set when "New Battery" is selected: – Device type (master, slave 1, slave 2, slave 3)

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Systems with one Sunny Island

If only one Sunny Island is used i n the system, the dev ice type is perman ently set to "master " and is not displayed.

– System configuration (see table for setting options)

Displayed text Description

3Phase Three-phase system, 3 Sunny Island

1Phase1 Single-phase system, 1 Sunny Island

1Phase2 Single-phase system, 2 Sunny Island

1Phase3 Single-phase system, 3 Sunny Island

2Phase2 Split-phase system, 2 Sunny Island

2Phase4 Double split-phase system, 4 Sunny Island

MC-Box Setting for Multicluster operation

–Date/time – Battery type (VRLA, FLA, NiCd, LiIon_Ext-BMS), default setting: "VRLA"

Battery types VRLA: Valve Regulated Lead Acid Valve-regulated lead-acid batteries with immobilized electrolyte in gel or AGM (Absorbent

Glass Mat Separator) in all standard designs available on the market (grid plate, tubular plate,

small, large, AGM, gel, etc.) FLA: Flooded Lead Acid Flooded lead–acid batteries with liquid electrolyte in all standard designs available on the

market (grid plate, tubular plate, small, large, etc.) NiCd: Nickel Cadmium Sealed pocket-type plate or fiber plate nickel-cadmium batteries. LiIon_Ext-BMS: Lithium-ions with external battery management system Closed lithium-ion battery with external battery management system.

– For FLA and VRLA: Nominal voltage of the battery 42 V to 52 V adjustable in 2 V steps;

default setting: 48 V. For NiCd: Nominal voltage of the battery 43.2 V to 48 V adjustable in 1.2 V steps; default setting: 45.6 V. For LiIon_Ext-BMS: no battery voltage adjustable.

– Nominal battery capacity:

– for lead-acid batteries (100 Ah to 10,000 Ah), default setting: "100 Ah" – for NiCd batteries (100 Ah to 10,000 Ah), default setting: "100 Ah" – for lithium-ion batteries (50 Ah to 10,000 Ah), default setting: "100 Ah"

– External voltage source (PvOnly, Gen, Grid, GenGrid)

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Value in variable Explanation

PvOnly Stand-alone grid, no utility grid, no generator

Gen Stand-alone grid with generator

Grid Battery-backup grid

GenGrid Battery-backup grid with generator

GenGrid:

– Maximum generator current (0 A to 224 A), default setting: "30 A" – Generator interface (Manual, Autostart), default setting: "Autostart" – Maximum grid current (0 A to 224 A), default setting: "30 A"

Grid:

– Maximum grid current (0 A to 224 A), default setting: "30 A"

Gen:

– Maximum generator current (0 A to 224 A), default setting: "30 A" – Generator interface (Manual, GenMan, Autostart), default setting: "Autostart"

4. The following parameters must be set when "New Battery" is selected: – Battery type (VRLA, FLA, NiCd), default setting: "VRLA" – Nomin al v olt age of the bat ter y (42 V to 5 2 V in 2 V steps f or F LA a nd V RLA , 43 .2 V to 48 V

in 1.2 V steps for NiCd), default setting: "48.0 V"

– Nominal capacity of the battery (100 Ah to 10,000 Ah for VRLA, FLA and NiCd, 50 Ah to

10,000 Ah for LiIon_Ext-BMS), default setting: "100 Ah"

☑ After entering all parameters, the following

notification appears.

5. Press <ENTER> to confirm.

☑ The notification shown here is displayed.

6. Press <ENTER> and hold until you hear an acoustic

signal.

☑ The Sunny Island has started and is in operation.

Adjustable Parameters

Observe the information on the possible settings of the parameters (see Section19 "Parameter Lists", page157).

Note that some parameters can only be changed after entering the installer password (see Section10.5 "Entering the Installer Password", page87) and in standby mode (see Section9.2 "Stopping the Sunny Island (Standby)", page75).

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8.3 Commissioning the battery current sensor

In the eve nt you hav e in stall ed a bat tery c urr ent sen sor in you r system, you are required to synchronize the internal offset of the device. To do this, proceed as follows:

1. Set the Sunny Island to standby mode (see Section9.2 "Stopping the Sunny Island (Standby)",

page75).

Entering incorrect parameters endangers operational safety. Damage to the off-grid system and its components

All parameter settings which could affect the operating safety of the off-grid system are protected by the installer password.

• Only trained electrically qualified persons are permitted to set and adjust system parameters.

2. Short-circuit the battery current sensor conductors. – BatCur+ to terminal 1 – BatCur– to terminal 1

3. Enter the installer password (see Section10.5 "Entering the Installer Password", page87).

4. Set the following parameters:

Choose the type of battery current sensor:

– "225.01 BatCurSnsTyp" (None/50 mV/60 mV). Only after activation of the parameter

wi th 5 0 m V or 60 mV, oth er p ara met ers (02 , 03 and 04 i n th e me nu "225# Battery Current Sensor") will be shown and activated.

5. Set the nominal current of the battery current sensor (e.g. 400 A/60 mV): – "225.02 BatCurGain60": (for a 60 mV output) – "225.03 BatCurGain50": (for a 50 mV output)

6. Start automatic calibration: – Set "225.04 BatCurAutoCal" to "Start".

☑ The Sunny Island conducts an automatic calibration.

7. Check the offset error:

Display value "120.06 TotBatCur" should be (close to) zero.

8. Reconnect the conductors of the battery current sensor correctly as displayed in the graphic.

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Make sure the insulated conductors have the correct polarity.

– BatCur+ to terminal 1 – BatCur– to terminal 2

9. Start the Sunny Island (see Section9.1 "Switching On", page74).

10. Check the current direction: "120.06 TotBatCur"

Current direction: Discharging the battery

• No generator/utility grid connected

• Loads are being supplied

The measured value of the battery current is positive.

Current direction: Charging the battery

• Generator/utility grid connected

• Loads are not/marginally supplied

• Battery is being charged

The measured value of the battery current is negative.

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01#StartMenu

Start System

9 Switching On and Off

9.1 Switching On

Systems with several Sunny Island inverters

Switch on the slaves before you switch on the master. To do this, proceed as follows.

1. Check the following requirements: – correct electrical connections – voltages and polarities

2. Switch the DC circuit breaker of the Sunny Island to "ON".

☑ The display light of the Sunny Island switches on.

Parameter "250.01 AutoStr"

Even with the parameter "250.01 AutoStr" set, the Sunny Island must be manually started after each time the device is switched on using the DC circuit breaker.

☑ The Sunny Island initiates the start-up phase.

The notifications shown here are displayed. The last notification is displayed as soon as the start-up phase is completed.

3. To change settings in the QCG, manually start the QCG.

(Press and hold down <ENTER> until the Sunny Island beeps three times.)

☑ The QCG is started and the notification

displayed here is shown.

or Wait five seconds.

☑ The Sunny Island skips the QCG and the

notification shown here is displayed.

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4. Press and hold <ENTER>.

☑ Process bar is shown in the display.

☑ On a slave, the notification displayed here is

shown until the master is started.

5. Press <ENTER> on the master.

☑ An acoustic signal sounds. The Sunny Island is in operation and the green LED is glowing.

9.2 Stopping the Sunny Island (Standby)

Standby

Even in standby mode the Sunny Island still requires approx. 4 W of power from the battery.

Proceed as follows to stop the Sunny Island:

1. Press <ENTER> or <ESC> to stop the Sunny Island.

☑ The notification shown here is displayed.

2. Press and hold <ENTER>.

☑ The remaining time is displayed as a bar.

☑ The Sunny Island is stopped. The notification shown

here is displayed.

9.3 Switching Off

To switch off the Sunny Island, proceed as follows:

"Switching sequence"

Only with the sequence shown here can you ensure that all internal meter positions/values are saved.

1. Stop the Sunny Island (see Section9.2 "Stopping the Sunny Island (Standby)", page75).

2. Switch the DC circuit breaker of the Sunny Island to "OFF".

☑ The Sunny Island is switched off.

9.4 Disconnecting the Device from Voltage Sources

1. Switch off the Sunny Island (see Section9.3 "Switching Off", page75).

2. Disconnect the Sunny Island from the battery.

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3. D isc onn ect the Sun ny Isl and fro m th e vo lta ge s our ces (AC 1 an d AC 2). Sep ara te A C1 and AC2

and disconnect from voltage sources.

☑ If PV inverters are connected to AC1, they automatically switch off once they are no longer

connected to the stand-alone grid.

4. Check that the Sunny Island has been disconnected from voltage sources.

5. Wait at least 15 minutes to let the capacitors discharge and to allow the voltage inside the

Sunny Island to drop to a safe level.

☑ The Sunny Island is free of voltage.

9.5 Recommissioning After Automatic Shutdown

A complete shutdown indicates that off-grid system devices have failed or are not working correctly due to incorrect parameter settings. Check the off-grid system fo r po ssi ble fau lts , bo th b efo re a nd a fte r recommissioning to avoid a complete shutdown in the future.

Damage to the Sunny Island and connected devices

• Disconnect the loads only.

• Do not disconnect generators.

• Install an external load-shedding contactor if the Sunny Island is coupled to PV arrays or wind generators on the AC-generating side.

To recommission the Sunny Island after it has switched off due to a battery being too deeply discharged, proceed as follows:

1. Switch the DC circuit breaker of the Sunny Island to "OFF".

Danger to life due to high voltages in the Sunny Island Death or serious injury possible due to electric shock

After an automatic disconnection, high residual voltages can remain in the Sunny Island capacitors.

• Wait at least 15 minutes before restarting the Sunny Island. The capacitors in the Sunny Island discharge during this time.

2. Wait at least 15 minutes.

3. Switch the DC circuit breaker of the Sunny Island to "ON". ☑ The display light of the Sunny Island switches on.

Switching on the DC circuit breaker

If, in rare cases, the device cannot be switched back on after 15 minutes, wait 30 minutes and try again.

4. Switch on the Sunny Island as described in section (see Section9.1 "Switching On", page74).

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Charging the batteries

After recommissioning, it is important that the batteries are charged. If an autostart generator is present in the stand-alone grid, the Sunny Island will request the generator after a few minutes.

5. Monitor the generator startup and check that the Sunny Island switches to charge mode.

6. Check for error-free functioning of all other energy generators in the system.

Battery-preservation mode after recommissioning

If, aft er recommissioning, t he Sunny Island immediately switches into battery-preservation mode (see Section13.6 "Battery-Preservation Mode", page113), disconnect all loads from the AC output.

The loads can be reconnected once the Sunny Island enters the state of charge. A precondition for this is that a generator capable of providing the required power is connected (see Section20.10 "Procedure during Emergency Charge Mode", page222).

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10 Operation

The main menu consists of a "Home Screen" and the other main menu entries, which split up into the different menu levels. Operating states, e.g. the current operating mode, power, etc. are displayed on the "Home Screen" (see Section10.6 "Display Messages (Overview)", page88).

The menu consists of a main menu and maximum two sub-menu levels (see Section10.1 "Menu Structure", page79).

Use the up and down arrow buttons to navigate through the menu levels. The cyclical arrangement (wrap around) allows you to scroll both forward and backwards to access the desired menu as quickly as possible.

Faster access to menus

If you want to access sub-menu "7", go back from step "1" to step "9" instead of going six steps forwards.

When the desired menu is reached press the <ENTER> key in order to access it. The <ESC> key exits the menu and puts you one menu level up.

Switching to the "Home Screen" in case of inactivity

If no button is actuated for more than five minutes (inactivity), the "Home Screen" appears.

Backlight

The display backlight is automatically deactivated after a short time of inactivity. You can switch the backlight back on by pressing one of the four buttons. No settings are changed when you press the button, this only activates the display illumination.

Button sound

The button sound is switched on by default. In order to deactivate it, set the parameter "250.04 BeepEna" to Off. If "250.04 BeepEna" is set to "Off", the Sunny Island does not emit an acoustic signal in the event of disturbances and errors.

Slaves wait for commands from the master

Slave devices must wait for commands from the master device. The following message is shown in the display during this time.

The Sunny Island uses an operating concept referred to as "Single Point of Operation". For a system with more than one Sunny Island, all entries are made on the master. There, you configure the entire system, confirm events, warnings and errors in the QCG (see Section8 "Commissioning", page68), and perform firmware updates when required (see Section11.6 "Firmware Update", page98).

Exception: When starting the device for the first time, you must set the slave devices as slave in the QCG and everything else is performed from the master.

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Single Point of Operation

Single Point of Operation also means that all log data of the master including the log data of the slaves are saved to the SD memory card on the master.

Messages

Messages can be displayed at any time while the device is in operation and they have priority over the "Home Screen" display.

10.1 Menu Structure

The navigation area includes the "Home Screen" and the main menu items:

• 100# Meters (display values)

• 200# Settings

• 300# Diagnosis

• 400# Failure/Event (lists)

• 500# Operation (operating functions)

• 600# Direct Access

The main menu is divided into several sub-menus. In a sub-menu, you can select a second sub-menu or a parameter.

Entering incorrect parameters endangers operational safety. Damage to the off-grid system and its components

All parameter settings which could affect the operating safety of the off-grid system are protected by the installer password.

The menu items and parameters in which system parameters can be changed are accessible after entering the installer password (see Section10.5 "Entering the Installer Password", page87).

• Only trained electrically qualified persons are permitted to set and adjust system parameters.

You can access the navigation area from one of two levels:

•User level

• Installer level (password required)

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Overview of the Menu Structure:

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100# Meters - Display values

In this main menu, you will find the display values for the following devices of the off-grid system:

• 110# Inverter Meters − Sunny Island

• 120# Battery Meters − Battery

• 130# External Meters − Utility grid/Generator

• 140# Charge Controller − Sunny Island Charger (is only shown when there is at least one

Sunny Island Charger connected to the Sunny Island)

• 150# Compact Meters − compact view of values for commissioning

By opening the relevant sub-menu - if necessary, the second sub-menu - you can view the parameters (e.g., Parameter "112.03 InvVtg").

200# Settings

The following sub-menus allow you to view and adjust the system parameters:

• 210# Inverter Settings − Sunny Island

• 220# Battery Settings − Battery

• 230# External Settings − Utility Grid/Generator

• 240# Relay Settings − Relays

• 250# System Settings − System

• 280# Password Setting − Password entry

300# Diagnosis

The following sub-menus allow you to view system data:

• 310# Inverter Diagnosis − Sunny Island

• 320# Battery Diagnosis − Battery

• 330# External Diagnosis − Utility Grid/Generator

400# Failure/Event - Failures and Events

You can view various error and event lists in the following sub-menus:

• 410# Failures Current − Current failures

• 420# Failure History − Previous warnings and failures

• 430# Event History − Previous events

500# Operation - Functions during operation

The following sub-menus allow you to view and adjust operating parameters:

• 510# Operation Inverter − Sunny Island

• 520# Operation Battery − Battery

• 540# Operation Generator − Generator

• 550# Operation MMC − SD Memory Card

• 560# Operation Grid − Utility grid

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600# Direct Access − Direct access to the parameters

This is a main menu that gives you direct access to the settings and display values (see Section10.3 "Direct Access - Direct Access to the Parameters", page83).

10.2 Changing Parameters

Using the up and down arrow buttons, you navigate through a selected menu to view or change a parameter, for example. When the relevant parameter is displayed, you can read off its present value.

An arrow next to the value indicates that the parameter can be changed. If you press <ENTER>, the arrow begins to blink and you can use the up and down arrow buttons to

change the value of the parameter "221.02 BatCpyNom".

Increments (speed)

The increment size (speed) of the change increases if you hold the button pressed down. As soon as the desired value appears on the display, press <ENTER> to save the new value. Then select Y(es) or N(o) by pressing the up/down arrow buttons to accept or reject the changes. Press <ENTER> again in order to finish the process and continue with other modifications.

Changing parameters

Note that some parameters can only be changed when the device is in standby mode (see

Section19.2 "Adjustable Parameters", page166). All menu items that can only be changed by

the installer using a password are shaded in gray in the parameter list. The Sunny Island displays a corresponding message for parameters that can only be changed in

standby mode or require a different password level.

Display Description

Incorrect password level, you cannot make any ch ang es in t he m enus ( see Secti on 10. 5 "E nteri ng t he Installer Password", page87).

All menu items and parameters that can only be changed by the installer are shaded in gray in the parameter list (see Section19 "Parameter Lists", page157).

This parameter can only be changed in standby mode. Stop the Sunny Island to change the parameter (see Section9.2 "Stopping the Sunny Island (Standby)", page75).

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10.3 Direct Access - Direct Access to the Parameters

The "600# Direct Access" menu gives you direct access to the selected parameter using the parameter name or number.

Via the Select Name sub-menu, you have direct access to the following functions:

•GnManStr: manual starting of the generator (see Section14.1.4 "Manual Generator Operation", page121)

• ManChrgSel: manual starting of equalization charge (see Section13.5.3 "Equalization Charge", page112)

Via the Select Number menu, you have direct access to every parameter by entering the parameter number.

Example

Using the menu 600# Direct Access, you can select the parameter "222.01 BatChrgCurMax", e.g. to set the maximum battery charging current.

The direct access must be entered as a five-digit number, for example 22201. Here, the first three digits describe the menu number and the last two describe the parameter number.

Exit the menu level after the parameter has been set.

10.4 Compact Meters

The "150# Compact Meters" menu is intended primarily to help the installer commission the device. The display gives you information at a glance on the following areas:

•Battery 1

•Battery 2

• Inverter (AC values)

•InvTot

• Utility grid/Generator (External)

•ExtTot

•Inverter status

Selecting the area

You can select the different displays of the compact meters using the up/down arrow buttons. Here, you can also use the "Wrap around" function.

The displays are always shown from the upper left to the lower right.

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Bat1 (Battery values 1)

Position Description

A Name of the compact meter

B Present battery state of charge (BatSoc)

C Estimated error of the state of charge (BatSocErr)

D Total battery current of the cluster (TotBatCur)

E Battery temperature (BatTmp)

Bat2 (Battery values 2)

Position Description

A Name of the compact meter

B Battery voltage (BatVtg)

C Setpoint of charging voltage (BatChrgVtg)

D Active charging process (BatChrgOp)

E Remaining absorption time (AptTmRmg)

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Inv (AC Values of Inverter)

Position Description

A Name of the compact meter

B Present voltage at the inverter (InvVtg)

C Present frequency at the inverter (InvFrq)

D Present active power of the inverter (InvPwrAt)

E Present reactive power at the inverter (InvPwrPt)

InvTot (Total AC Values of Inverter)

Position Description

A Name of the compact meter

B Total active power of the inverter (cluster)

C Total reactive power of the inverter (cluster)

Ext (AC Values of External Source)

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Position Description

A Name of the compact meter

B Voltage of the external source (ExtVtg)

C Frequency of the external source (ExtFrq)

DActive power of the external source (ExtPwrAt)

E Reactive power of the external source (ExtPwrPt)

ExtTot (Total AC Values of External Source)

Position Description

A Name of the compact meter

B Total active power of the external source (cluster)

C Total reactive power of the external source (cluster)

OpStt (Inverter and Generator Status)

Position Description

A Name of the compact meter

B Operating state of the inverter (InvOpStt)

C State of the generator (GnStt)

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10.5 Entering the Installer Password

Entering incorrect parameters endangers operational safety. Damage to the off-grid system and its components

All parameter settings which could affect the operating safety of the off-grid system are protected by the installer password.

• Only trained electrically qualified persons are permitted to set and adjust system parameters.

Do not disclose the password to unauthorized persons

Do not provide the following information for entering the installer password to unauthorized persons. Illegal provision of this information to other persons will lead to the invalidation of all SMA warranty provisions.

Entering the password

The Sunny Island allows you to enter the password not only in standby, but also during operation.

The password is dependent on the operating hours counter. In the installer level, there are extended

access privileges to all necessary parameters.

Password = checksum of the operating hours

Proceed as follows to enter the installer password of the "Home Screen":

1. Keep pressing the "arrow down" key until the "200# Settings" menu is displayed.

2. Press <ENTER>.

3. Keep pressing the "arrow up" key until the "280# Password Setting" menu is displayed.

4. Press <ENTER>.

☑ The "280# Password Setting" sub-menu opens.

5. Press <ENTER>.

6. Determine the password. Calculate the checksum (sum of all digits) of the operating hours. In the message shown here:

1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 = 21

7. Enter the password by pressing the up/down arrow buttons.

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8. Confirm the password by pressing <ENTER>.

☑ The installer password has been entered.

Operating level [1] = the installer level is set.

9. Exit the menu by pressing the <ESC> key.

Switching operating levels

• If the password is invalid, the Sunny Island does not switch to the installer level. In this case, recalculate and re-enter the installer password as described in this section.

The installer level is switched back to the user level if:

• the Sunny Island is switched off and on again.

• specific parameters are entered (e.g. parameter "510.01 InvRs") that cause a restart.

• an incorrect password is entered.

• no activity takes place within five minutes.

10.6 Display Messages (Overview)

The display has two lines, each with 16 characters. The first line shows the menu number and the menu name, or the name of the parameter where applicable. In the lower line - if required - the name of the menu is added or additional text is displayed (for example the parameter value).

"Home Screen"

Position Description

A Output power/charging power (load status)

B Direction of energy flow and system status

C Displays if the Sunny Island loaded parameters for grid operation or parameters

for generator operation.

D Device assignment

E Status of the external source (asterisk, question mark or exclamation mark)

FRelay 1 status

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Position Description

GRelay 2 status

H Warning message (exclamation mark)

The Sunny Island also shows the following values one after the other in the upper line of the "Home Screen" (parameter name and parameter value in 3-second intervals):

• Bar display for output power or charging power (the direction of energy flow is displayed by the arrows in the lower line)

• Total active power of the inverter (cluster)

• Active power of external source (total of all phases)

• Present state of charge of the battery (SOC)

• Meters (always one of five possibilities, depending on priority)

– Remaining absorption time – Remaining generator warm-up time – Remaining Run1h time for the generator – Remaining time of Timer 1 – Remaining time of Timer 2

• Active charging process

Situational displaying of text and values

The display shows only values that are relevant in the actual system status. If there is no generator connected, no generator values are displayed

Messages on the slave devices

On the slave devices, the upper line of the display shows the bar graph for output power or charging power. The lower line of the display shows the device assignment (e.g. S1 for slave

1) and, where applicable, the status of external sources (*, for a description, see further above) and the status of relays.

Meaning of the Symbols that appear in the "Home Screen":

Symbol Meaning

Nominal power

Nominal load exceeded.

Direction of energy flow between grid/generator side, battery and load side.

Generation side (Generator/Grid) is on.

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Symbol Meaning

Battery

Load side (Loads/Sunny Boys)

Utility pole

The Sunny Island is working with grid limits.

The Sunny Island is working with generator limits.

The Sunny Island is configured as master.

The Sunny Island is configured as slave 1.

The Sunny Island is configured as slave 2.

Status of the external source: Voltage and frequency of the generator/the utility grid are within the configured

limits.

Status of the external source: Voltage and frequency of the external source are not within set limits. In this case,

the Sunny Island does not connect the generator to the stand-alone grid.

Status of the external source (at position (E) on the display): The maximal admissible generator reverse power was exceeded and the

Sunny Island has disconnected the generator from the stand-alone grid.

"Battery" request reason: The generator has been requested as a result of the battery state of charge.

"Cycle" request reason: The generator was requested via the time-dependent repetition cycle of the

generator operation (parameter: 235.17 GnTmOpCyc).

This symbol can only be shown in Multicluster operation. "External" request reason: The generator was requested via the extension cluster. This request can only take

place in multicluster operation.

"Load" request reason: The generator has been requested as a result of the load-dependent generator

request.

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Symbol Meaning

"Start" request reason: The generator has been requested by the operator manually setting the generator

request in the Sunny Island from "Auto" to "Start". The generator is then no longer automatically controlled or switched off by the Sunny Island.

"Time" request reason: The generator was started for one hour using the "Run1h" setting in the

Sunny Island. Once this time has passed, the Sunny Island automatically switches off the generator.

Display for relay (solid circle = relay is activated; empty circle = relay is deactivated)

Warning message is displayed (at position (H): This symbol blinks until you have confirmed the warning or the error in the menu

"410# Failures Current" or "420# Failure History".

Display "Generator Status" and "Request Reason"

The two displays above are cyclically shown on the display as the status of the external source.

Example:

If the dis play changes every thr ee seconds from "* " to "B", this means that the generator voltage and frequency are within the set limits and that the generator was requested as a result of the battery state of charge.

Stopping the generator manually

If the generator has been manually stopped, no generator status information is displayed. The field remains empty in this case.

Indications of a warning

If faults occur, the device switches into standby mode and shows the fault on the display. The fault must be eliminated and confirmed, then the Sunny Island carries out an autostart.

10.7 Parameter Display

Parameters on the Sunny Island are displayed as follows: In the upper line, the parameter number comes first, then

a separator (hash) followed by the parameter name. In the lower line, there is the value with the unit and the modification mark (enter arrow) is on the far right.

Parameter/value list

If you would like to switch from a menu (regardless of whether it is a main or sub-menu) into a parameter/value list, the menu numbers are not included on the display.

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Syntax for menus and parameters

The syntax specified here for menus and parameters applies throughout the entire document. A m enu is des ignat ed b y the n umb er o f the m enu , hash and th e na me o f th e menu (120# Bat ter y

Meters). A parameter is labeled with the menu number, dot, the parameter number and parameter name

(120.02 BatVtg).

10.8 Display of Events

The Sunny Island can display a list of events: The serial number (quantity) of the event is displayed in

the upper line. Display of time and date and time changes in two-second intervals. In the lower line are the number of the event and the corresponding short text.

10.9 Display of Warnings and Failures

The Sunny Island can display a list of errors and warnings: The consecutive number (quantity) of the error is on the

upper line; the time and date display changes in two-second intervals. On the lower line are the number of the error and the corresponding error short text.

A "!" on the right on the upper line indicates when the warning and/or error occurred. A "C" on the right on the upper line indicates when the warning or the error was confirmed or cleared.

Direct access to the error list

As a shortcut, press ESC and the arrow up button simultaneously to go directly to the error list (#420 Failure History).

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11 Data Storage on SD Memory Card

The Sunny Island can store firmware, parameters and measured data on a SD memory card which must be FAT-16-formatted and may have a max. size of 2 GB (possible storage sizes are 32/64/ 128/256/512 MB and 1 GB and 2 GB). Use the supplied SD memory card only for the Sunny Island. Do not save any multimedia files on the SD memory card.

File names are saved in 8.3 format and files with other designations are ignored.

Example of a format

A valid 8.3 format is, for example, "M1111LOG.DAT".

8.3 is the "o ld" MS-DOS format with a file nam e that has a maximum of eight figures before and three figures after the dot.

Type of memory card

SMA recommends the use of a Transcend SD memory card. If you use a memory card from another manufacturer, check whether the card is FAT-16

formatted. If necessary, format the card. Be aware that data stored on the card will be lost.

Using memory cards in the off-grid system

If you combine the Sunny Island inverters in one off-grid system, use one SD memory card always only for one type of Sunny Island (SI 4548-US-10 / 5048U / 6048-US-10). This will ensure optimum functioning of the off-grid system.

• Make a note of the type of the Sunny Island used on the SD memory card after the first data recording.

• Only insert this SD memory card into this type of Sunny Island.

On ce y ou h ave inser ted the SD m emo ry c ard in the slo t on your P C, y ou c an s ear ch t he c orres pon din g drive in your Explorer (example here: Microsoft Windows). The following data is present on this drive (here E:):

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The files on the SD memory card have the following meanings:

File name Meaning

evthism.log (evthisN.log for SlaveN) Event history of the device, saved by means of parameter

"550.03 CardFunc", option StoEvtHis

failhism.log (failhisN.log for SlaveN) Failure history of the device, saved by means of

parameter "550.03 CardFunc", option StoFailHis

si030607.evt Event/failure history for the day

(Format MMDDYY)

si030607.log Data logging for the day

(Format MMDDYY)

sipar1.lst Parameter list of the device, created by means of

parameter "550.01 ParaSto", option Set1

sipar2.lst Parameter list of the device, created by means of

parameter "550.01 ParaSto", option Set2

sipar.lst This file is saved after changing a parameter.

update.bin Software for the device

batstat.txt Statistical values of the battery. These values are saved

every day at 10:00 p.m.

batstat.sma Internal data from SMA

si.ccf System information from Sunny Island.

"BOOTEX.LOG" File

The file "BOOTLEX.LOG" is not necessarily contained on the card, it will be created depending on the operating system used (e.g. Windows XP or Windows 2000).

The firmware of the Sunny Island expects device-specific data in the main directory of the SD memory card. This data includes a new firmware, parameters and measuring data.

The Sunny Island uses the SD memory card to save and load device parameters. The Sunny Island still records the measuring data on the SD memory card. It saves this data in a

special file. This contains, among other things, a header, time stamp, date and data type. There are two different types of log data:

• Measurement data (are saved cyclically)

• Events and errors (are only saved when they occur)

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The Sunny Island supports the acquisition of measurement data with data from the fields:

•Battery

•Inverter

•System

•External source

•Loads

Always save data

Always use the SD memory card for storing data and events. In case of a failure SMA can thus help you quickly.

1. In the event of a fault contact the SMA Service Line.

2. Upon agreement with the SMA Service Line, save all data from the SD memory card into one folder and compress this (e.g. as ZIP file).

3. Send the compressed data via e-mail to the SMA Service Line.

The data saved on the SD memory card can be processed using common spreadsheet programs.

• The first 13 lines of the file are used for information (file header).

• The following data is separated by semicolons.

• Decimal places are separated by periods.

• The date format is MM/DD/YYYY

• The time format is hh:mm.

Log Data

For additional information on processing the log data, please refer to the manual of the data processing software you use.

11.1 Inserting the SD Memory Card

Electrostatic discharge when inserting the SD memory card Electrostatic discharge can damage the Sunny Island components

• Ground yourself before inserting or removing the SD memory card at the Sunny Island enclosure.

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Insert the SD memory card with the cut corner pointing down into the slot on the Sunny Island (see illustration).

After inserting the SD memory card into the Sunny Island, the adjacent message appears on the display prohibiting the removal of the card:

Initializing the SD memory card may take a few minutes. During this time, the buttons are disabled and cannot be used for making entries, and three points appear in the lower line of the display.

If the procedure was successful, the graphic shown here is displayed.

☑ The Sunny Island initializes the SD memory card and writes a file "Sipar1.Ist" to the SD memory

card.

In case of a fault, the following message appears:

11.2 Removing the SD Memory Card

To ensure that all log data is saved upon deactivation, write all data not yet saved from the buffer to the SD memory card by using the parameter "550.03 CardFunc" with the option "ForcedWrite".

Data loss

If you remove the SD memory card without first activating the parameter "550.03 CardFunc", you lose up to a maximum of 15 minutes of data.

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11.3 Saving and Loading Parameters

You can configure and use various settings with various parameters, this means winter and summer. This parameter seta are known as Set 1 and Set 2. Using the parameter "550.01 ParaSto", you can save the current parameter settings and using the parameter "550.02 ParaLod", you can load the saved parameters.

Save settings

If the syste m is working optimally, it is a good idea to save these settings. This is especially useful if you try out new settings and then wish to reset the inverter back to the previous settings.

When saving the parameters, you have the following options:

• Set1 (save parameter set 1)

• Set2 (save parameter set 2)

When loading the parameters, you have the following options:

• Set1 (load parameter set 1)

• Set2 (load parameter set 2)

• Factory (load the default settings (reset))

Write protection function of SD memory cards

The write protection function of SD cards (plastic sliding clip on the left side) is not supported by the Sunny Island. You should take note of this when writing data to your card.

11.4 Writing Log Data

Using the parameter "550.04 DatLogEna", you can activate the function for writing log data to your SD memory card (activated by default).

If the Sun ny I sla nd is writ ing dat a to the SD memo ry c ard , removing the card is prohibited and the following message appears on the display:

11.5 Status Messages

Using the parameter 312.07 CardStt", you can query the status of your SD memory card:

Display Description

The SD memory card is deactivated.

The SD memory card is activated.

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Display Description

The SD memory card is full.

The SD memory card has an invalid file format.

The SD memory card is incompatible.

The Sunny Island is loading parameters from the SD memory card.

Loading parameters from the SD memory card has failed.

The SD memory card is being accessed.

The Sunny Island is writing log data to the SD memory card.

11.6 Firmware Update

The firmware of the Sunny Island can be updated via the SD memory card. Upon startup or when the SD memory card is inserted, the Sunny Island searches for special update files on the SD memory card. If it finds files containing new firmware versions, it performs an update when the Sunny Island is in standby mode.

Duration of the firmware update

The update for single-phase systems takes approximately five minutes. For system configurations with more than one Sunny Island, the software update can take up to

20 minutes. A status bar shows the progress of the update. Leave the SD memory card in the Sunny Island

until the update is finished. During the update process, leave the DC switch to the "On" position.

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Proceed as follows for a firmware update:

Observe the following:

• • You may only download firmware versions from www.SMA-America.com. Using unauthorized firmware versions cancels the warranty.

• N one of t he a lre ady exi sti ng p ara met er s ettin gs a re c han ged or erased during a firmware update.

• New parameters are assumed with default values.

• If there is an update to the firmware version greater or equal to 6.000, the battery management is automatically reset. All set parameters are lost.

• Do not activate the DC circuit breaker during the firmware update.

• Do not switch off the Sunny Island during the firmware update.

1. Create a backup copy of the existing parameter lists (see Section11.3 "Saving and Loading Parameters", page97).

2. Download the latest firmware version from the Internet at www.SMA-America.com.

3. Copy the "UPDATE.BIN" file to the SD memory card.

4. Set the master device to standby.

5. Insert the SD memory card into the slot of the master.

☑ The update will be performed.

Reset after a successful update

After the update has been successfully completed a reset is enforced in order for the changes to become effective. After the reset, the master device remains in standby mode.

6. Press and hold <ENTER>.

☑ The Sunny Island starts. The update has been completed.

Starting QCG

If you have carried out a firmware update in which the number before the dot in the firmware version has changed, it is advisable to start QCG and to perform all settings anew.

Firmware Update in a System with One Sunny Island

During the update, the Sunny Island displays the following messages.

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Load parameter

Firmware Update in a System with Several Sunny Island

In a system with several Sunny Island inverters, the firmware is only updated on the master. If the master detects that a slave has a different firmware version, it transmits its firmware to the slave and makes sure that all Sunny Island inverters within a system operate with the identical firmware version.

While the master updates the slaves, the devices show the following messages, among other things. The display messages listed below may be shown at various lengths. Wait until the master displays the message "Update finished". Press Enter" and for the slaves the display message "Ready Wait for Master." Do not make any entries during the update.

Display message Display from Explanation

Master The master update

starts.

Master Master update part 1/

Master Master update part 2/

⋮

Master The slave update starts.

⋮

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Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

1 Information on this Document

1.1 Validity

1.2 Target Group

1.3 Additional Information

1.4 Terminology

2 Sunny Island 4548-US / 6048-US

2.1 Properties

2.2 At a Glance

2.3 Scope of Delivery

2.4 Required Tools and Materials

2.5 Identifying the Sunny Island

3 Safety

3.1 Intended Use

3.2 Important Notes regarding Operation

3.3 Potential Hazards

4 Mounting

4.1 Selecting the Mounting Location

4.2 Mounting the Sunny Island with the Wall Mounting Bracket

4.2.1 Mounting the Sunny Island on a Stone Wall

4.2.2 Mounting the Sunny Island using Wall Studs

5 Opening and Closing

5.1 Opening the Sunny Island

5.2 Closing the Sunny Island

6 Electrical Connection

6.1 Grounding

6.2 DC Connection

6.2.1 Safety Precautions/Conditions

6.2.2 Cable Dimensioning

6.2.3 Cable Protection

6.2.4 Connecting the Sunny Island on the DC Side

6.3 AC Connection

6.3.1 Cable Protection

6.3.2 AC1 (Loads/Sunny Boys)

6.3.3 AC2 (Generator/Grid)

6.4 Additional Connections

6.4.1 Inserting the Data Cables

6.4.2 Connecting the Data Cable of the Lithium-Ion Batteries

6.4.3 Battery Temperature Sensor

6.4.4 Battery Current Sensor

6.4.5 Communication for Multi-Device Connection

6.4.6 Multifunction Relay 1 and 2

6.4.7 BatVtgOut Power Supply

6.4.8 DigIn Digital Input

6.5 Interface for External Communication

6.5.1 Connection of the Interface for External Communication

7 Control Elements

7.1 Display Messages

7.2 DC Circuit Breaker

7.3 Buttons

7.4 Meaning of the Light-Emitting Diodes (LED)

7.5 SD Memory Card

8 Commissioning

8.1 Requirements

8.2 Starting the Quick Configuration Guide (QCG)

8.3 Commissioning the battery current sensor

9 Switching On and Off

9.1 Switching On

9.2 Stopping the Sunny Island (Standby)

9.3 Switching Off

9.4 Disconnecting the Device from Voltage Sources

9.5 Recommissioning After Automatic Shutdown

10 Operation

10.1 Menu Structure

10.2 Changing Parameters

10.3 Direct Access - Direct Access to the Parameters

10.4 Compact Meters

10.5 Entering the Installer Password

10.6 Display Messages (Overview)

10.7 Parameter Display

10.8 Display of Events

10.9 Display of Warnings and Failures

11 Data Storage on SD Memory Card

11.1 Inserting the SD Memory Card

11.2 Removing the SD Memory Card

11.3 Saving and Loading Parameters

11.4 Writing Log Data