Sirius Satellite Radio TL-3000 Pilot Operating Handbook

1 February 2011 / Change 4

Aircraft Serial No: ________

Author: Ing. M. Zahálka, TL-Ultralight, s.r.o.

This Pilot Operating Handbook must remain in the aircraft and be accessible to the pilot all times.

(THIS PAGE BLANK)

Pilot Operating Handbook Section 0

TL3000 Sirius Introduction

Dear Sirius Owner:

Congratulations on the purchase of your TL-3000 Sirius which is the result of many years of development by our company. We strive to be the leading designer of quality aircraft worldwide. You will find your new Sirius aircraft very enjoyable, extremely economical, and easy to maintain.

The Sirius is the ideal Light Sport Airplane. It is fast, economical, pleasing to the eye, and user friendly. We at TL Aircraft are certain that your Sirius will give you hours and hours of leisure flying and enjoyment. With this Pilot Operating Handbook (POH), we hope to help inform you about the design and operation of your aircraft.

This Pilot Operating Handbook is to be used as a guide to assist the pilot to safely use the Sirius aircraft. The contents are not intended to be a final authority and although proofed extensively they are still not considered error free. Therefore, the pilot in command is the final authority for the safe operation of the aircraft. Should there be any questions or errors found in reading this handbook please contact us immediately and we will issue a clarification.

I believe that your airplane will be very satisfying and provide you with years of pure enjoyment. Please study and become familiar with this POH manual and the respective manuals for the propeller and rescue system.

Thank you again for your business. We look forward to a continuing satisfied customer relationship. Feel free to contact us if you have any questions or comments regarding your Sirius aircraft.

I wish you a lot of joy flying your new TL-3000 Sirius.

In Hradec Králové 1st January 2010.

TL Ultralight L.T.D. (sig) Jiri Tlusty

1 Feb 11 – Chg 4 i

Pilot Operating Handbook Section 0

TL3000 Sirius Introduction

Notice! The information contained in this document is for reference and information only.

The pilot is the final and only responsible party for the safe operation of this aircraft.

TL-ULTRALIGHT s.r.o.

Airport, building 84

503 41 Hradec Kralove

tel/fax 495213378

tel 495.218.910.521.1753

info@tl-ultralight.cz

www.tl-ultralight.cz

1 Feb 11 – Chg 4 ii

Pilot Operating Handbook Section 0

TL3000 Sirius Introduction

Notice! The information contained in this document is for reference and information only.

The pilot is the final and only responsible party for the safe operation of this aircraft.

SECTION INDEX

GENERAL INFORMATION .............................................. 1

OPERATING LIMITATIONS ............................................ 2

EMERGENCY PROCEDURES ........................................ 3

NORMAL PROCEDURES ............................................... 4

PERFORMANCE ............................................................. 5

WEIGHT & BALANCE INFORMATION ........................... 6

AIRPLANE and SYSTEMS DESCRIPTION ..................... 7

REQUIRED PLACARDS & MARKINGS .......................... 8

AIRCRAFT HANDLING, SERVICE & MAINTENANCE ... 9

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION & APPENDIX A ..... 10

1 Feb 11 – Chg 4 iii

Pilot Operating Handbook Section 0

NOTE

CAUTION

WARNING

TL3000 Sirius Introduction

Notice! The information contained in this document is for reference and information only.

The pilot is the final and only responsible party for the safe operation of this aircraft.

NOTES, CAUTIONS, AND WARNINGS

Throughout this manual, small boxes are inserted referencing a Note, Caution, or Warning. These are items which require particularly close attention for special conditions or procedures.

This text box emphasizes specific operating conditions, steps in a procedure, helpful hints or useful advice.

This text box represents danger to equipment or operation. By not observing the cautions, the result could be the destruction of equipment and possibly personal danger and injury.

This text box represents a hazardous situation. Warnings are used to call attention to operating procedures or conditions which, if not strictly observed, may result in personal injury or death.

Every owner, pilot, operator, or user of the Sirius should become familiar with the entire contents of this Pilot Operating Handbook (POH). The text consists of flight and maintenance information combined with training instruction, Section 10, in accordance with ASTM 2245 and is required to be on board the plane and

available to the pilot during all flights. It also incorporates only partial information

about related systems from Rotax®, the engine manufacturer, Woodcomp® or DUC® ,the propeller suppliers, and Galaxy system. Please refer to the latest edition of those manufacturer manuals for specific and complete detailed operation of each aircraft system.

®,

the installed aircraft parachute

1 Feb 11 – Chg 4 iv

Pilot Operating Handbook Section 0

CAUTION

TL3000 Sirius Introduction

Notice! The information contained in this document is for reference and information only.

The pilot is the final and only responsible party for the safe operation of this aircraft.

This flight and operational manual produced by TL Ultralight is designed to introduce TL -3000 SIRIUS aircraft to its operator. It provides the basic usage information and operational procedures ensuring the most effective aircraft utilization by the operator.

Each holder of this flight and operational manual and/or its parts is obliged to maintain it in updated state by implementation of amendments, revisions and changes as published in the bulletin through the following web-page:

http:/sirius.aero/owners/downloads

Owners are encouraged to keep their address and contact information current in order to receive the latest continued airworthiness program information. See the contact information below to email, fax, call or mail your contact data so that you can be informed and kept current on the safe operation of your aircraft.

This flight and operational manual is divided by topics into several sections that are split into paragraphs according to the significance and importance of their subject matter. Page replacement, amendment or handwriting revision, must all be recorded on the ‗List of Changes‘ log page by recording the change or amendment serial number, number of the published change or page changed or amended, new page or change publishing date, and implementation date and signature.

This operational manual is established in such a way that any revision or amendment execution is only possible by replacing or adding the appropriate pages and discarding the obsolete pages. Therefore, it is necessary that all manual holders pay increased attention to recording all changes and amendments and their implementing instructions.

1 Feb 11 – Chg 4 v

The Sirius meets the standard specification Design and Performance (D&P) established by ASTM International, Inc, (ASTM) Document F 2245, and it is therefore restricted by that guideline. The aircraft does not comply with any FAA Part 22, or 23 certification processes. Compliance with regulations placed upon the airplane category should be strictly adhered to by the pilot in command (PIC)

Pilot Operating Handbook Section 0

CAUTION

NOTE

TL3000 Sirius Introduction

Notice! The information contained in this document is for reference and information only.

The pilot is the final and only responsible party for the safe operation of this aircraft.

The items discussed in each of the amplified procedures are intended to comply with ASTM airplane Flight Training Supplement (FTS) in lieu of a separate manual. Additional flight training information is available in Section 10 of this manual. None of these items or procedures is intended to replace properly qualified ground or in-flight instruction by an FAA certified flight instructor (CFI).

This POH manual is valid only if the PIC complies with any changes that may be issued at a later date. Any pages affected by a change should be removed and replaced with the current effective pages

immediately.

The aircraft manufacturer issues notices of information and mandatory bulletins to ensure continued airworthiness in accordance with ASTM 2295 for the TL-3000 Sirius Special Light Sport Aircraft (SLSA). The notices are provided to all known owners of the Sirius aircraft.

All bulletins may be downloaded from:

http://www.sirius.aero/owners/downloads

To receive updates and bulletins on the safe continued operation of your aircraft please contact us at the address below. If this manual is found not to be current, revisions missing, or pages removed contact our USA location in accordance with the ASTM / TL Continued Airworthiness Service program for replacements.

TL Ultralight, s.r.o. Continued Airworthiness Service 8222 Remount Road KORK Municipal Airport North Little Rock, AR 72118

Info1@sportair.aero www.sirius.aero

Phone: 501.228.7777 Fax: 501.227.8888

1 Feb 11 – Chg 4 vi

Pilot Operating Handbook Section 0

TL3000 Sirius Introduction

Notice! The information contained in this document is for reference and information only.

The pilot is the final and only responsible party for the safe operation of this aircraft.

LIST OF EFFECTIVE PAGES

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1 Feb 11 – Chg 4 vii

Pilot Operating Handbook Section 0

Nr.

Date

Revised

Pages

Type of Revision

Posted

1 May 2009

None

Original Issue

N/A

31 Mar 2010

All

Re-issue

N/A

31 Aug 2010

All

Re-issue

N/A

31 Oct 2010

All

Re-issue

N/A

1 Feb 2011

All

Re-issue

TL3000 Sirius Introduction

Notice! The information contained in this document is for reference and information only.

The pilot is the final and only responsible party for the safe operation of this aircraft.

Page ...................... Date

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APPENDIX A

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List of changes

1 Feb 11 – Chg 4 viii

Pilot Operating Handbook Section 1

TL3000 Sirius General Information

Notice! The information contained in this document is for reference and information only.

The pilot is the final and only responsible authority for the safe operation of this aircraft.

SECTION 1

GENERAL INFORMATION

TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE

INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................... 1-3

AIRCRAFT ......................................................................................................... 1-4

3D TRANSPARENT DRAWING ........................................................................ 1-3

TOP VIEW DRAWING ....................................................................................... 1-5

SIDE VIEW DRAWING ...................................................................................... 1-6

FRONT / REAR VIEW DRAWING ..................................................................... 1-5

BASIC DIMENSIONS ........................................................................................ 1-7

AIRPLANE WEIGHTS ....................................................................................... 1-8

CABIN / ENTRY DIMENSIONS ......................................................................... 1-8

BAGGAGE SPACE AND ENTRY DIMENSIONS .............................................. 1-8

PROPELLEORS ................................................................................................ 1-8

ENGINE ............................................................................................................. 1-8

PARACHUTE SYSTEM ..................................................................................... 1-9

FUEL .................................................................................................................. 1-9

OIL ................................................................................................................... 1-10

BAGGAGE ....................................................................................................... 1-10

SYMBOLS, ABBREVIATIONS, AND TERMINOLOGY .................................... 1-11

GENERAL AIRSPEED TERMINOLOGY ......................................................... 1-11

METEOROLOGICAL TERMINOLOGY ............................................................ 1-12

AIRPLANE PERFORMANCE AND WEIGHT TERMINOLOGY ....................... 1-12

ABBREVIATIONS ............................................................................................ 1-16

V SPEED DEFINITIONS .................................................................................. 1-20

1 Feb 11 – Ch 4 1-1

Pilot Operating Handbook Section 1

TL3000 Sirius General Information

Notice! The information contained in this document is for reference and information only.

The pilot is the final and only responsible authority for the safe operation of this aircraft.

(THIS PAGE BLANK)

1 Feb 11 – Ch 4 1-2

Pilot Operating Handbook Section 1

TL3000 Sirius General Information

Notice! The information contained in this document is for reference and information only.

The pilot is the final and only responsible authority for the safe operation of this aircraft.

INTRODUCTION

This manual is organized to conform to the ASTM F2746 Standard Specification for

Pilot‘s Operating Handbook (POH). A copy of this POH is issued with each

aircraft and must remain in the aircraft and available to the pilot during flight.

All pilots of this aircraft must read and understand the operation and limitations of this aircraft design. As such, many items are added as narrative information to assist them in clearly understanding what is required and in most cases help in achieving the necessary performance. The POH does not intend to and cannot replace properly qualified ground or in-flight instruction by an FAA certified flight instructor. (CFI)

Maintenance and operation of major components, engine, and aircraft parachute system, propeller, avionics or other installed equipment is provided in the appropriate manufacturer manuals which are included with the aircraft. The appropriate manufacturer‘s manual takes precedence over any conflict in this POH.

The Sirius has a high cruising speed and may traverse very different weather conditions during a single flight. The pilot is responsible for the safe flight of the aircraft and should be prepared to avoid any meteorological conditions which will endanger the occupants, the aircraft or both.

Section 1 provides general information and descriptive figures relevant to the aircraft and the engine. It also contains certain definitions of aeronautical terms, ASTM Design and Performance standards and commonly used abbreviations.

1 Feb 11 – Ch 4 1-3

Pilot Operating Handbook Section 1

TL3000 Sirius General Information

Notice! The information contained in this document is for reference and information only.

The pilot is the final and only responsible authority for the safe operation of this aircraft.

AIRCRAFT

The TL3000 Sirius is a full three axis, high wing, two place, side-by-side seating, tricycle landing gear aircraft with a toe brake steerable nose wheel. The primary aircraft structure is carbon fiber and fiberglass UV resistant reinforced laminate with an inner foam core creating a ‗sandwich‘ layered construction between each ply.

Various options may also be installed; therefore your aircraft may vary from the descriptions in this manual. Please check with the TL Continuing Airworthiness Center if you have any specific questions not addressed here.

Front View

Fig. 1-1

1 Feb 11 – Ch 4 1-4

Pilot Operating Handbook Section 1

TL3000 Sirius General Information

Notice! The information contained in this document is for reference and information only.

The pilot is the final and only responsible authority for the safe operation of this aircraft.

Side View & Top View

Fig. 1-2

1 Feb 11 – Ch 4 1-5

Pilot Operating Handbook Section 1

TL3000 Sirius General Information

Notice! The information contained in this document is for reference and information only.

The pilot is the final and only responsible authority for the safe operation of this aircraft.

3D View

Fig. 1-3

1 Feb 11 – Ch 4 1-6

Pilot Operating Handbook Section 1

TL3000 Sirius General Information

Notice! The information contained in this document is for reference and information only.

The pilot is the final and only responsible authority for the safe operation of this aircraft.

BASIC DIMENSIONS

Length .......................................................................... 22.15 ft.

Height .......................................................................... 7.38 ft. (at tail)

Cabin width .................................................................. 45 in.

Nose to Main wheel base……………………………… .. 5.02 ft.

Main wheel spacing…………………………… .............. 7.12 ft.

Wings

Area ............................................................................. 121.23 ft

Span……………………………….................................. 30.84 ft.

Aspect Ratio……………………………………………… 7.92 Root Chord……………………………………………… .. 4.27 ft. Tip Chord………………………………………………… . 2.95 ft. Loading…………………………………………………… . 10.89 lb/sf.

Ailerons

Area ............................................................................. 10.98 ft2

Span…………………………………………………… ..... 12.28 ft.

Deflection up…………………………………………… ... 11.50 deg. Deflection down………………………………………… .. 7.60 deg.

Flaps

Area ............................................................................. 14.22 ft

Span……………………………………………… ............ 13.60 ft.

Deflection takeoff……………………………………… .... 10.00 deg.

Deflection half…………………………………………… . 28.00 deg. Deflection landing……………………………………… ... 45.00 deg.

Elevators

Area….………………………………………………… ..... 21.64 ft2

Span……………………………………………………… . 9.84 ft.

Deflection up………………………………………… ....... 16.70 deg.

Deflection down……………………………………… ...... 8.50 deg.

Rudder

Area…………………………………………………… ...... 12.81 ft2

Deflection left-right…………………………………… ..... 20-20 deg.

General

Glide ratio .................................................................... 13:1

Tire pressure…………………………………………… ... 30 psi

Brakes, left-right-park………………………………… .... Hydraulic disk, DOT 3 or 4

1 Feb 11 – Ch 4 1-7

Pilot Operating Handbook Section 1

TL3000 Sirius General Information

Notice! The information contained in this document is for reference and information only.

The pilot is the final and only responsible authority for the safe operation of this aircraft.

AIRPLANE WEIGHTS

Maximum Ramp Weight: 1326 Lbs Standard Empty Weight: 760 Lbs Maximum Useful Load: 540 Lbs Maximum Takeoff or Landing Weight: 1320 Lbs (1430 seaplane) Maximum Baggage Weight: 75 Lbs. (see limitations) Maximum Calculated Structural Weight: 1320/1430 Lbs

CABIN / ENTRY DIMENSIONS

Door width: 37― Door height: 30‖ Head room (from seat bottom to ceiling): 38.5‖ Leg room (from seat back to rudder pedals): 49.5‖ Cabin width: 45‖ Seat width: 19-22‖

Note: Cabin doors are trapezoid not rectangles and are measured at entry.

BAGGAGE SPACE AND ENTRY DIMENSIONS

Maximum Compartment Width: 41‖ Maximum Compartment Height: 32‖ Maximum Compartment Length: 20.5‖ Minimum Compartment Width: 36‖ Minimum Compartment Height: 21.5‖ Entry Width: 37.5‖ Entry Height: 18‖

Note: Baggage area narrows aft from a cube shape to above sizes. Aft baggage shelf is

sloped, and not included in the above area or dimensions.

PROPELLER

Propeller Manufacturer: Woodcomp®, DUC, Sensenich. (See Master Equipment List (MEL) latest date) Number of Blades: 2/3 Propeller Type: Fixed-pitch, ground-adjustable

ENGINE

Number of Engines: 1 Engine Manufacturer: Rotax® G.m.b.H. Aircraft Engines Engine Model Number: 900 Series, Standard Equipment (See Master Equipment List (MEL) latest date) Engine Type: Normally-aspirated, liquid/air-cooled, dry sump, gear-reduced drive, dual carburetor-equipped, four-cylinder, four-stroke, electronic dual ignition, horizontally-opposed engine.

1 Feb 11 – Ch 4 1-8

Pilot Operating Handbook Section 1

NOTE

TL3000 Sirius General Information

Notice! The information contained in this document is for reference and information only.

The pilot is the final and only responsible authority for the safe operation of this aircraft.

GALAXY ROCKET PARACHUTE SYSTEM (GRS)

The rocket deployed aircraft parachute system is standard equipment. It is activated inside the cockpit by pulling a red ―T‖ handle located on the lower right pilot side position. The system is secured by a brass safety pin attached to an embroidered red safety tag. Refer to the Galaxy operational manual included with the aircraft for detailed information.

FUEL

The use of Premium Grade automobile fuel is approved for Rotax 900 series engines. See the Rotax Operator‘s manual section 10 for more data.

An Antiknock Index (AKI) is the usual octane rating for the US. Rotax specifies a minimum AKI of 91 for the 912ULS engine. AKI is an average of the RON and the MON rating method where: AKI = (RON+MON) / 2.

RON is common in Europe and sometimes causes confusion for owners who operate European engines. 91 RON is approximately 87 AKI (US Regular auto fuel) and 95 RON is approximately 91 AK (US Premium auto fuel).

Rotax Service Instruction SI-912-016 (or revised latest revised edition) details all specifications for Rotax engine fluids. A current copy is available at the airworthiness center web site:

www.sirius.aero/owners/downloads.

Approved Fuel Grade:

91 AKI Unleaded Automobile Fuel, ―Auto gas‖ (Amber color).

Approved Alternate Fuel Grade:

100LL Aviation Fuel, ―Avgas‖ (Blue color).

Total Fuel Capacity:

34.2 US Gallons, in two wing tanks.

Total Unusable Fuel:

2 US Gallons, total fuel system

100LL Avgas is an acceptable alternate fuel if 91 octane unleaded auto fuel is not available. Due to the high lead content, the use of 100LL Avgas should be less than 30% of engine time without increased engine maintenance. See the latest Rotax engine operational supplement for more detailed fuel specifications and information.

1 Feb 11 – Ch 4 1-9

Pilot Operating Handbook Section 1

NOTE

CAUTION

TL3000 Sirius General Information

Notice! The information contained in this document is for reference and information only.

The pilot is the final and only responsible authority for the safe operation of this aircraft.

Total unusable fuel is the minimum amount of fuel an aircraft may have in its gas tanks before engine fuel starvation. Unusable fuel, as its name implies, cannot be consumed by the engine for power and thus cannot be relied upon for flight, but is included in the aircraft empty weight.

During refueling of the wing tanks, a fuel spill may cause crazing of the aircraft windows. Flush immediately with clear water but do not rub the surface to remove the fuel. If the tank is full to the brim it will eliminate all fuel expansion area. As fuel warms it expands and will be forced out of the fuel vent line, spill on to the parking area and cause a fire hazard.

OIL

Oil Capacity: 3.7 Quarts (Empty system) Oil Filter: Rotax part number 825 701, (or latest Rotax part number). Oil Specifications: Vary depending on the engine operation and may vary from one aircraft to another depending on the operation, environment and fuel type. Refer to Figure 1-5 below and the latest Rotax engine oil service, fluid specification and instructions.

Oil Grade and Temperature Conditions

1 Feb 11 – Ch 4 1-10

Pilot Operating Handbook Section 1

CAUTION

TL3000 Sirius General Information

Notice! The information contained in this document is for reference and information only.

The pilot is the final and only responsible authority for the safe operation of this aircraft.

Fig. 1-5

Oil level is checked immediately after engine shutdown for best indication. An oil change will not require 3.7 quarts as some oil remains in the system for pre oiling and is not drained. Do not over fill.

No substitutions allowed!

Normal Rotax 900 series engine oil pressure may force the oil to bypass the filter of non-OEM filters. Rotax Oil Filter: part number 825 701, or latest version must be used,

BAGGAGE

Baggage is stored behind the seats .The baggage compartment can hold a maximum of 75 Lbs and is further limited by the maximum aft CG and structural loading for the aircraft. No concentrated loads are allowed. A weight and balance calculation should be completed by the PIC prior to each flight.

SYMBOLS, ABBREVIATIONS, AND TERMINOLOGY

GENERAL AIRSPEED TERMINOLOGY

Best Angle-of-Climb Speed (VX): The speed which results in the greatest gain of

altitude in a given horizontal distance.

Best Rate-of-Climb Speed (VY): The speed which results in the greatest gain in altitude in a given time.

Best Glide Speed (VG): The speed that will result in maximum glide distance.

Design Cruise Speed (VC): The optimal cruise speed.

Knots Calibrated Airspeed (KCAS): Indicated airspeed corrected for position and

instrument error and expressed in knots. KCAS is equal to KTAS in standard conditions at sea level.

Knots Indicated Airspeed (KIAS): The speed shown on the airspeed indicator and is expressed in knots. (Decreases approximately 2kt/1000‘ of ALT.)

Knots True Airspeed (KTAS): KCAS corrected for non-standard temperature and pressure and is expressed in knots.

1 Feb 11 – Ch 4 1-11

Pilot Operating Handbook Section 1

TL3000 Sirius General Information

Notice! The information contained in this document is for reference and information only.

The pilot is the final and only responsible authority for the safe operation of this aircraft.

Maneuvering Speed (VA): The maximum speed at which you may use abrupt full control travel without exceeding structural limitations of the aircraft or control systems.

Maximum Flap Extended Speed (VFE): The highest speed permissible with wing flaps in a prescribed extended position.

Maximum Structural Cruising Speed (VNO): The speed that should not be exceeded except in smooth air, and then only with caution.

Maximum Sustained Speed in Level Flight (VH): The highest speed that can be attained in level flight at sea level under standard conditions while the engine is operating at the manufacturer designated maximum continuous power setting.

Never Exceed Speed (VNE): The speed limit that may never be exceeded under any conditions at any time due to structural limitations of the airframe or control systems.

Stalling Speed (VS): The minimum steady flight speed at which the airplane is controllable without flaps.

Stalling Speed (VS0): The minimum steady flight speed with power off and full flaps.

METEOROLOGICAL TERMINOLOGY

Indicated Altitude: The altitude displayed on the altimeter.

Mean Sea Level (MSL): The average level of the ocean‘s surface – the level

halfway between mean high and low tides, used as a standard reference for expressing altitude.

Outside Air Temperature (OAT): The free air static temperature, expressed in either degrees Celsius (C) or degrees Fahrenheit (F).

Pressure Altitude: The altitude displayed on the altimeter on a standard day when the altimeter's barometric scale has been set to 29.92 inches of mercury (1013 mb).

Standard Temperature: 15°C (59°F) at sea level pressure altitude. (Decreases approximately 2°C (3.5°F) for each 1000 feet increase of altitude.)

True Altitude: The true height above mean sea level (MSL). True altitude is indicated altitude corrected for nonstandard atmospheric pressure.

1 Feb 11 – Ch 4 1-12

Pilot Operating Handbook Section 1

NOTE

TL3000 Sirius General Information

Notice! The information contained in this document is for reference and information only.

The pilot is the final and only responsible authority for the safe operation of this aircraft.

AIRPLANE PERFORMANCE AND WEIGHT TERMINOLOGY

Arm: The horizontal distance expressed in inches from the reference datum plane

to the center of gravity (CG) of an item or location.

Units of measurements and weights must be consistent for each set of calculations and in the same system of units, i.e., pounds and inches, or kilograms and centimeters.

Ballast: A specific amount of weight attached in a specific location, which can be temporarily or permanently installed in an aircraft, to help bring its CG within the required limits. If temporary ballast must be used for certain operations, the exact amount and its location must be placarded on the instrument panel within clear view of the pilot. The use of Ballast increases Empty Weight and reduces Useful Load.

Basic Empty Weight: The standard empty weight plus the weight of any additionally installed or optional equipment.

Empty Weight Center of Gravity: The CG of an aircraft in its basic empty weight condition, and is an essential part of the weight and balance record.

Brake Horsepower: The power developed by the engine expressed in horsepower and measured by an instrument resistant (brake) device.

Center of Gravity (CG): A point along an aircraft‘s longitudinal axis at which all the loads and forces are perfectly concentrated and balanced. It is computed by

dividing the total moment by the total weight of the airplane. Its distance from the

reference datum is found by dividing the total moment by the total weight of the airplane.

(Total Moment / Total Weight = Center of Gravity)

Center of Gravity Arm: The arm (distance) from data plane obtained by adding the airplane's individual moments and dividing the sum by the total weight.

Center of Gravity Limits are the extreme forward and aft CG locations (limits) within which the airplane must be operated at any given weight.

1 Feb 11 – Ch 4 1-13

Pilot Operating Handbook Section 1

TL3000 Sirius General Information

Notice! The information contained in this document is for reference and information only.

The pilot is the final and only responsible authority for the safe operation of this aircraft.

Center of Gravity Range: The horizontal distance, along an aircraft‘s longitudinal axis, within which an aircraft has been found to be fully maneuverable at all specified design speeds, weights and loading configurations.

Datum: (datum plane) A convenient vertical reference plane along the longitudinal axis of an aircraft from which all horizontal measurements are taken, the forward tip of the propeller spinner is the datum for the Sirius.

Demonstrated Crosswind Velocity: The velocity of the crosswind component at which adequate control of the airplane was demonstrated during takeoff and landing tests. The value is not considered to be a maximum limit.

Empty Weight Center of Gravity: The CG of an aircraft in its current empty weight condition, an essential part of the weight and balance record.

Gallons Per Hour: The amount of fuel (in US gallons) consumed in one hour.

Gear Box: The gears forward of the engine and aft of the propeller used to change

(reduce) the propeller RPM by a factor of 2.43 of the engine RPM.

Installed Equipment: All accessories and equipment permanently installed on an airframe or engine at the time of weighing included in the ―Installed Equipment List‖ resulting in the Basic aircraft weight. Additions and deletions must be noted in the list and new Weight and Balance calculations performed to determine the magnitude and effect of weight change

Manifold Pressure: The atmospheric pressure measured in the engine's induction system and is expressed in inches of mercury (Hg).

Maximum and Minimum Weights: Due to balance, structural, and aerodynamic considerations, maximum or minimum weights for certain locations on the aircraft are specified. For example, the pilot‘s minimum (100Lbs) and maximum (250Lbs) weight are specified for some CG calculations. The same is true for baggage, cargo, fuel, and any other disposable or variable load.

Maximum Forward and Maximum Aft CG Locations: A specified forward most and rear most CG location along the aircraft longitudinal axis. These CG location limits are expressed in inches from a convenient reference datum, the forward face of the engine propeller flange.

Maximum Design Weight: The maximum total weight, for which the aircraft‘s structure has been tested by the manufacturer for normal or seaplane operations.

1 Feb 11 – Ch 4 1-14

Pilot Operating Handbook Section 1

TL3000 Sirius General Information

Notice! The information contained in this document is for reference and information only.

The pilot is the final and only responsible authority for the safe operation of this aircraft.

Maximum Gross Weight: The maximum total weight, for which the aircraft‘s structure and performance have been tested by the manufacturer for normal operations.

Maximum Landing Weight: The maximum weight for the landing touchdown.

Maximum Ramp Weight: The maximum weight approved for ground maneuvers.

(It includes the weight of start, taxi and run-up fuel.)

Maximum Takeoff Weight: The maximum weight at which an airplane is approved for the start of its takeoff roll.

Mean Aerodynamic Chord: (MAC) The chord of a rectangular wing which has the same area, aerodynamic force and position of the center of pressure at a given angle of attack as a given wing. Simply stated, MAC is the width of an equivalent rectangular wing in given conditions. For simplification of the CG calculations the Sirius uses the length of arm limits and so does not require MAC calculations.

Moment: The product of the weight of an item multiplied by its arm (distance from datum plane). (Moment = Weight x Arm)

Nautical Miles per Gallon: The no-wind travel distance (in nautical miles) which can be expected per gallon of fuel consumed at a specific engine power setting and/or flight configuration.

Reference or Datum Plane: An imaginary vertical plane located on the forward face of the engine propeller hub from which all horizontal distances are measured for weight and balance purposes.

Revolutions per Minute: Expressed as engine ―speed‖, is the number of 360 degree rotations that the engine crankshaft completes in each minute of time. (The propeller, driven by the gear box, completes one revolution for each 2.43 engine revolutions.)

Standard Empty Weight: The weight of a standard airplane, including unusable fuel and full engine operating fluids.

Station: A vertical location along the airplane fuselage horizontal axis given in terms of the distance from the reference datum plane.

Tare: The weight of items used when weighing an airplane included in the scale readings. Tare is deducted from the readings to obtain the actual airplane weight.

Useful Load: The total amount of weight available for pilot, passengers, baggage, cargo and usable fuel. The difference between the maximum ramp weight and the

1 Feb 11 – Ch 4 1-15

Pilot Operating Handbook Section 1

TL3000 Sirius General Information

Notice! The information contained in this document is for reference and information only.

The pilot is the final and only responsible authority for the safe operation of this aircraft.

basic empty weight. The useful load will be reduced by the installation of additional equipment.

Usable Fuel: The amount of fuel available for engine use in flight.

Unusable Fuel: The quantity of fuel that cannot be safely used in flight.

Weight: Actual individual weight of each item such as airframe, crew, fuel,

baggage, cargo, expressed in pounds or kilograms

ABBREVIATIONS

100LL – 100 Octane Low Lead Aviation Fuel (Avgas)

A – Amps, Electrical Amperage

ADI _ attitude reference – Solid state gyro; Attitude Directional Indicator

AGL – Above ground level (in feet) AMP – Amps, Electrical Amperage AHARS – Attitude Heading and Reference System ALTN – Alternator (switch) AOI – Aircraft Operating Instructions (No longer used in LSA, AOI=POH) AOA – Angle of Attack, relative angle of the wind to an airfoil APPH, Approach, (Intermediate flap deflection) – 2nd extended flap Setting (28 degrees) ARTCC – Air Route Traffic Control Center (FAA) ASAP – As Soon As Possible

ASTM – ASTM International (Previously -American Society of Testing & Materials)

ATC – Air Traffic Control (Center) (FAA) AUX – Auxiliary (pump) Auto Gas – Automobile fuel, 91 Octane is min auto gas rating for Rotax engines Avgas – 100 Octane Low Lead Aviation Fuel (100LL)

Big Angle – Large AOA of the Propeller blade in relation to the air stream BHP – Brake Horse Power

CAS—Calibrated airspeed CB – Circuit Breaker CBLT – Cabin Light (switch) CBS – Circuit Breaker Switch CFIT – Controlled Flight Into Terrain Ch, Chg – Change CK – Check, Checked CM – Centimeter Code – Transponder Setting (Squawk Code) Com, Com1 – VHF radio CSP – Constant speed propeller, (not used in LSA)

1 Feb 11 – Ch 4 1-16

Pilot Operating Handbook Section 1

TL3000 Sirius General Information

Notice! The information contained in this document is for reference and information only.

The pilot is the final and only responsible authority for the safe operation of this aircraft.

CG – Center of Gravity CI – Cubic Inch(s)

D&P – Design and Performance (ASTM) Standards Datum – Location plane for base for measurement(s) along aircraft length DC – Direct Current DOT – (US) Department of Transportation

EIS – Engine Information System EFIS – Electronic Flight Information System EMS – Engine Monitoring System EMSB – Engine Monitoring System + Backup Instruments ETA – Estimated time of arrival EWCG – Empty weight center of gravity EXTRA – Extra, spare

FAA – (US) Federal Aviation Agency FLAP – (settings): Stage0/UP; Stage1/Takeoff; Stage2/Approach; Stage3/Landing FLSG - Fuel Level Sight Gauge (left or right wing root) FSDO – Flight Standards Service District Office (FAA) FPM – Feet per Minute Ft – (FT) Foot (Feet) FTS – Flight Training Supplement Full – (Landing flap deflection) – Stage 3; Max extended Flap Setting (45 degrees)

G – Acceleration due to gravity GAL– (US) Gallon(s) GEN – Generator GPH – (US) Gallons per hour GPS – Global Positioning System GMT – form of 24 hour time display, commonly known as ―Greenwich Mean Time‖ GRS – Galaxy Rescue System (aircraft rocket parachute system)

Half (Intermediate flap deflection) – Stage 2; 2nd extended Flap Setting (28 degrees) HOBBS – Engine hour meter Hp – Horse Power

IAW – In Accordance With IFR – Instrument Flight Rules (does not infer IMC) IGN1-2 – Ignition (switch) IMC – Instrument Meteorological Conditions (infers IFR) In – Inch(s) (IN) INST – Instrument, Avionics (switch)

Kg – Kilogram

1 Feb 11 – Ch 4 1-17

Pilot Operating Handbook Section 1

TL3000 Sirius General Information

Notice! The information contained in this document is for reference and information only.

The pilot is the final and only responsible authority for the safe operation of this aircraft.

KM – Kilometer KPH – Knots per hour Kt(s) (K) – Knot(s), nautical mile(s),

LAND, Landing – (Full flap deflection) – 3rd extended flap Setting (45 degrees) Lb(s) – Pound(s) (#) LL – Low Lead, as in 100LL avgas LSA – Light Sport Aircraft LSP – Light Sport Plane Ltr – Liter

M – Meter MAC – Mean Aerodynamic Chord MAG – Magnetic (slang=engine ignition system) MAIN – Master (switch) Max – Maximum MB – Milibar MC – Magnetic course MEL – Master Equipment List MIDO – Manufacturing Inspection District Office (FAA) Min – Minimum MODE C – Altitude data transmitted to ATC by the XPDR MODE S –Data transmitted to ATC by the XPDR, then rebroadcast by ATC to the XPDR

MoGas – Low octane ‗motor gas‘, not approved for Rotax engine operation

MPH – Miles per hour MPG – Miles per gallon MSL – Mean Sea Level (in feet)

NE – Never Exceed (as Vne) NM – Nautical Mile(s) NTSB – National Transportation Safety Board

OEM – Original equipment manufacturer OP – Oil Pressure OT – Oil Temperature

POH – Pilot Operating Handbook PIM – Pilot Information Manual (No longer used in LSA, PIM=POH) PITO – Pitot, heat (switch) PSI – Pounds per Square Inch

RPM – Revolutions per Minute

Small Angle – Small AOA of a Propeller blade in relation to the air stream Stage0 – (No flap deflection) – Flaps fully retracted, Flaps UP

1 Feb 11 – Ch 4 1-18

Pilot Operating Handbook Section 1

TL3000 Sirius General Information

Notice! The information contained in this document is for reference and information only.

The pilot is the final and only responsible authority for the safe operation of this aircraft.

Stage1 – (Intermediate flap deflection) – 1st extended flap Setting (10 degrees) Stage2 – (Intermediate flap deflection) – 2nd extended flap Setting (28 degrees) Stage3 – (Full flap deflection) – 3rd, Full extended flap Setting (45 degrees) STRB – Strobe (switch) STRT – Start (switch)

T&B – Turn and bank indicator Tach – Tachometer Takeoff – (Intermediate flap deflection) – 1st extended Flap Setting (10 degrees) TC – Turn Coordinator TDC – Top Dead Center, the highest position of the engine piston in the cylinder.

UP – (Minimum flap setting, Stage 0) – Retracted Flap Setting (0. Degrees) UBER – The ultimate, above all, the best, top, nothing is better, a superlative example of

its kind or class, Sirius, (included because there is only one abbreviation in U)

V – Volt(s) DC V(_) – Speeds, with subscript (see descriptions next page) VDC – Volts Direct Current VFR – Visual Flight Rules (infers VMC) VHF – Very High Frequency VMC – Visual Meteorological Conditions (may infer VFR or IFR) VSI – Vertical Speed Indicator VVI – Vertical Velocity Indicator

WgWg – Wig Wag recognition light flashing system

XPDR – Transponder XTRA – Extra, Spare (switch)

Z (Zulu) – form of 24 hour time display; an absolute time reference which is the same time around the world and doesn't change with the seasons. It is the same as Greenwich Mean Time (GMT). GMT was established in 1884 and placed the Prime Meridian at Greenwich, England. Zulu time is also known as Universal Time Co- ordinated (UT or UTC).

1 Feb 11 – Ch 4 1-19

Pilot Operating Handbook Section 1

V-speed designator

Description

Maximum speed during takeoff at which a pilot can safely stop the aircraft without leaving the runway.

Design maneuvering speed, also known as the ―Speed for maximum control deflection.‖ This is the speed above which full application of any single flight control may generate a force greater than the aircraft‘s structural limitations.

Design cruising speed, also known as the optimum cruise speed, is the most efficient speed in terms of distance, speed and fuel usage.

Design diving speed.

VDF

Demonstrated flight diving speed.

VFE

Maximum flap extended speed.

Maximum speed in level flight at maximum continuous power.

LOF

Lift-off speed.

VNE

Never exceed speed.

VNO

Maximum structural cruising speed or speed for normal operations

Ref

Landing reference speed or threshold crossing speed.

Stall or minimum steady flight speed for which the aircraft is still controllable.

VS0

Stall speed or minimum flight speed in landing configuration.

Speed that will allow for best angle of climb.

Speed that will allow for the best rate of climb.

VBE

Best endurance speed – the speed that gives the greatest airborne time for fuel consumed.

Best glide speed maximum lift-to-drag ratio thus the greatest gliding distance available.

Vme

Max endurance

Vmp

Minimum power

Vmr

Max range

VPD

Maximum speed at which aircraft parachute deployment has been demonstrated

tmax

Max threshold speed

TL3000 Sirius General Information

Notice! The information contained in this document is for reference and information only.

The pilot is the final and only responsible authority for the safe operation of this aircraft.

“V” Speeds

V-speeds or Velocity-speeds are standard terms used to define airspeeds useful to the operation of aircraft The actual speeds represented by these designators are expressed in terms of the aircraft‘s indicated airspeed, so that they can be read without having to apply correction factors.

1 Feb 11 – Ch 4 1-20

+ 182 hidden pages

Sirius Satellite Radio TL-3000 Pilot Operating Handbook

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

TL3000 Sirius Introduction

SECTION INDEX

GENERAL INFORMATION