Signametrics SMX2055 Operator's Manual

Operator's Manual

Model SMX2055 5-½ Digit Digital PXI Multimeter

January 2010 Driver compatibility: Rev 1.60

CAUTION

In no event shall Signametrics or its Representatives are liable for any consequential damages whatsoever (including, without limitation, damages for loss of business profits, business interruption, loss of business information, or other loss) arising out of the use of or inability to use Signametrics products, even if Signametrics has been advised of the possibility of such damages. Because some states do not allow the exclusion or limitation of liability for consequential damages, the above limitations may not apply to you.

reproduced in any form without the permission of Signametrics Corporation.

Signametrics 2

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.0 INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................................................. 5

1.1 SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS..........................................................................................................................5

1.2 MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS .........................................................................................................................5

1.3 FEATURE SET .............................................................................................................................................5

2.0 SPECIFICATIONS...............................................................................................................................................6

2.1 DC VOLTAGE MEASUREMENT ...................................................................................................................6

2.2 DC CURRENT MEASUREMENT....................................................................................................................7

2.3 RESISTANCE MEASUREMENTS....................................................................................................................7

2.3.1 2-wire.......................................................................................................................................7

2.3.2 4-wire.......................................................................................................................................7

2.4 AC VOLTAGE MEASUREMENTS..................................................................................................................7

2.4.1 AC Voltage True RMS Measurement.......................................................................................8

2.4.2 Additional Errors Due To Signal Frequency...........................................................................8

2.5 AC CURRENT MEASUREMENT, TRUE RMS................................................................................................8

2.5.1 AC Current True RMS Measurement.......................................................................................8

2.5.2 Additional Errors Due To Current Frequency ........................................................................9

2.6 DIODE TEST FUNCTION ..............................................................................................................................9

2.7 MEASUREMENT RATES AND POWER LINE REJECTION..................................................................................9

2.8 ACCURACY NOTES ...................................................................................................................................10

2.9 OTHER SPECIFICATIONS ...........................................................................................................................10

3.0 GETTING STARTED.........................................................................................................................................12

3.1 SETTING THE DMM..................................................................................................................................12

3.2 INSTALLING THE DMM MODULE.............................................................................................................12

3.3 INSTALLING THE SOFTWARE.....................................................................................................................12

3.4 DMM INPUT CONNECTORS......................................................................................................................13

3.5 STARTING THE CONTROL PANEL ..............................................................................................................13

3.5 USING THE CONTROL PANEL....................................................................................................................14

4.0 DMM OPERATION AND MEASUREMENT TUTORIAL...........................................................................16

4.1 VOLTAGE MEASUREMENT........................................................................................................................16

4.1.1 DC Voltage Measurements ....................................................................................................16

4.1.2 True RMS AC Voltage Measurements ...................................................................................16

4.2 CURRENT MEASUREMENTS ......................................................................................................................17

4.2.2 Improving DC Current Measurements .................................................................................. 18

4.3 RESISTANCE MEASUREMENTS..................................................................................................................18

4.3.1 2-Wire Ohm Measurements ...................................................................................................18

4.3.2 4-Wire Ohm Measurements ...................................................................................................19

4.3.6 Effects of Thermo-Voltaic Offset............................................................................................19

4.8 DIODE CHARACTERIZATION .....................................................................................................................20

5.0 WINDOWS INTERFACE..................................................................................................................................20

5.1 DISTRIBUTION FILES ................................................................................................................................21

5.2 USING THE SM2060 DRIVER SET WITH C++ OR SIMILAR SOFTWARE......................................................23

5.2.1 Multiple Card Operations under Windows............................................................................23

5.3 VISUAL BASIC FRONT PANEL APPLICATION.............................................................................................24

5.3.1 Visual Basic Simple Application............................................................................................25

5.4 WINDOWS DLL DEFAULT MODES AND PARAMETERS..............................................................................25

5.5 USING THE SM2060 DLL WITH LABWINDOWS/CVI ............................................................................26

5.6 WINDOWS COMMAND LANGUAGE ...........................................................................................................26

DMMCalibrate................................................................................................................................27

DMMCleanRelay ............................................................................................................................27

DMMClearMinMax ........................................................................................................................28

3 Signametrics

DMMClosePCI ...............................................................................................................................28

DMMDelay .....................................................................................................................................29

DMMErrString................................................................................................................................29

DMMGetBusInfo.............................................................................................................................30

DMMGetCalDate............................................................................................................................30

DMMGetdB.....................................................................................................................................31

DMMGetdBStr................................................................................................................................31

DMMGetDeviation ......................................................................................................................... 32

DMMGetDeviatStr..........................................................................................................................33

DMMGetDiffMnMxStr....................................................................................................................33

DMMGetFunction...........................................................................................................................34

DMMGetGrdVer.............................................................................................................................34

DMMGetHwVer..............................................................................................................................35

DMMGetID.....................................................................................................................................35

DMMGetManDate..........................................................................................................................36

DMMGetMax..................................................................................................................................36

DMMGetMaxStr .............................................................................................................................37

DMMGetMin...................................................................................................................................37

DMMGetMinStr..............................................................................................................................38

DMMGetRange...............................................................................................................................38

DMMGetRate..................................................................................................................................39

DMMGetType .................................................................................................................................39

DMMGetVer ...................................................................................................................................40

DMMInit .........................................................................................................................................41

DMMIsAutoRange ..........................................................................................................................41

DMMIsInitialized............................................................................................................................42

DMMIsRelative...............................................................................................................................42

DMMOpenPCI................................................................................................................................43

DMMRead.......................................................................................................................................43

DMMReadNorm..............................................................................................................................44

DMMReadStr..................................................................................................................................45

DMMSetAutoRange ........................................................................................................................45

DMMSetFunction............................................................................................................................46

DMMSetRange................................................................................................................................46

DMMSetRate...................................................................................................................................47

DMMSetRelative.............................................................................................................................48

DMMTerminate...............................................................................................................................48

5.7 CALIBRATION SERVICE COMMANDS.........................................................................................................49

AC_zero ..........................................................................................................................................49

DMMLoadCalFile...........................................................................................................................49

GetGain...........................................................................................................................................50

GetOffset.........................................................................................................................................50

SetFcomp ........................................................................................................................................51

SetOffset..........................................................................................................................................52

Linearize_AD..................................................................................................................................52

Read_ADcounts ..............................................................................................................................53

5.8 MAINTANANCE COMMANDS.....................................................................................................................54

GrdXingTest ....................................................................................................................................54

5.9 ERROR CODES..........................................................................................................................................54

5.10 WARNING CODES ...................................................................................................................................55

5.11 PARAMETER LIST ...................................................................................................................................55

5.11.1 Measurement and Source Functions....................................................................................55

5.11.2 Range Values .......................................................................................................................55

5.11.3 Measurement Rate parameters ............................................................................................56

6 CALIBRATION .....................................................................................................................................................57

7.0 WARRANTY AND SERVICE...........................................................................................................................59

8.0 ACCESSORIES...................................................................................................................................................59

Signametrics 4

1.0 Introduction

Congratulations! You have purchased a PXI/CompactPCI Plug-in Digital Multimeter. The SMX2055 Digital Multimeters (DMM’s) are easy to setup and use, have sophisticated analog and digital circuitry to provide very repeatable measurements, and are protected to handle any unexpected situations your measurement environment may encounter. To get years of reliable service from these DMM’s, please take a few moments and review this manual before installing and using this precision instrument.

This manual describes the SMX2055 PXI/cPCI module.

1.1 Safety Considerations

Safety Considerations

The SMX2055 DMM is capable of measuring up to 240 VDC or 240 VAC across the Volt HI and LO terminals, and can also measure common mode signals that "float" the DMM above EARTH ground by up to 300 VDC or 250 VAC. When making common mode measurements, the majority of the circuits inside the DMM are at the common mode voltage. These voltages can be lethal and can KILL! During and

after installing your DMM, check to see that there are no wires or ribbon cables from your PC trapped inside the DMM.

The DMM comes installed with four shields (bottom, top and two edge strips) that must not be removed for performance as well as safety reasons. Removal of these shields and/or improper assembly of the

shields can result in lethal voltages occurring within you r PC. Be sure to check your installation before closing the cover on your personal computer.

Warning

Check to see that no loose wires or ribbon cables infringe upon any of the internal circuits of the DMM, as this may apply measurement voltages to your computer, causing electrocution and/or damage to your computer!

To avoid shock hazard, install the DMM only into a computer that has its power connector connected to a power receptacle with an earth safety ground.

When making any measurements above 50 VDC or 40 VAC, only use Safety Test Leads. Examples

of these are the Signametrics Basic Test Leads and Deluxe Test Leads, offered as an accessory with the Signametrics DMM’s.

1.2 Minimum Requirements

The SMX2055 DMM’s are precision plug-in modules that are compatible with IBM type personal computers (PCs), PXI and cPCI chassis. It requires as a minimum a Pentiums computer. They require a half-length expansion slot on the PCI bus or 3U PXI slot. A mouse must be installed when controlling the DMM from the Windows Control Panel. The SMX2055 comes with a Windows' DLL, for operation with Windows' Version 95/98/Me/2000/XP and NT4.0.

1.3 Feature Set

The SMX2055 is a traditional 5-1/2 digit DMM and it can be used as a general purpose DMM. The High Workload Multi Function SM2064 adds timing, capacitance, inductance, sourcing and a lot more speed. With its specialized measurements, it can replace some costly instruments, shrinking the size and cost of a test system.

5 Signametrics

SMX2055 basic features:

Volts DC; for ranges, 240mV to 240V Volts AC; Tru RMS; four ranges, 240mV to 240V 2-Wire Ohms, six ranges 240  to 24 M 4-Wire Ohms, five ranges 240  to 2.4 M DC current, four ranges 2.4 mA to 2.4 A AC current, four ranges 2.4 mA to 2.4 A Diode V/I characteristics at 100 A to 1mA Auto range, Relative, Min, Max, dB, %deviation operations

High Dynamic range; ±240,000 counts (240.000V)

Selectable measurement rate: 1 to 100 readings/sec

2.0 Specifications

The following specifications are based on both, verification of large number of units as well as mathematical evaluation. They should be considered under the environment specified.

It is important to note that a DMM specified range is expressed as a numeric value indicating the highest absolute measurement that can be displayed using the range. The lowest value that can be detected is expressed by the corresponding resolution for the range.

2.1 DC Voltage Measurement

Input Characteristics

 Input Resistance 240 mV, 2.4 V Ranges: >10 G, with typical leakage of 50pA  Input Resistance 24 V, 240 V Ranges: 10.00 M

Accuracy ± (% of reading + Volts) [1]

Range Full Scale

5-½ Digits

240 mV 240.000 mV

2.4 V 2.40000 V 24 V 24.0000 V

240 V 240.000 V 1 mV 0.02 + 3 mV

[1] With measurement rate set to 2rps or lower rate, within one hour from Zero (Relative control).

For resolution at higher measurement rates, see the following table. Use this table for DC Volts, DC current and Resistance measurements.

Maximum reading rate

2 / second 5-1/2 digits 19 bits 8 / second 5 digits 18 bits

50 / second 4-1/2 digits 17 bits

100 / second 4 digits 16 bits

DCV Noise Rejection Normal Mode Rejection, at 50, 60, or 400 Hz ± 0.5%, is better than 95 dB for Rates of 6rps and lower. Common Mode Rejection (with 1 k lead imbalance) is better than 120 dB for these conditions.

Resolution

1 V 0.015 + 7 V

10 V 0.014 + 30 V

100 V 0.02 + 750 V

One Year 23C  10C

Resolution

Signametrics 6

2.2 DC Current Measurement

Input Characteristics

 Number of built-in shunts Two  Currents greater than 2.4A require external shunt  Protected with 2.5A Fast blow fuse

Accuracy ± (% of reading + Amps) [1]

Range Full Scale

5-½ Digits

2.4 mA 2.40000 mA 24 mA 24.0000 mA

240 mA 240.000 mA

2.4 A 2.40000 A

Resolution Max Burden

Voltage

10 A

100 A

1 A 10 A

25mV 250mV 55mV 520mV

One Year 23C  10C

0.07 + 7 A

0.08 + 9 A

0.07 + 60 A

0.2 + 160 A

[1] With measurement rate set to 2rps or lower rate, within one hour from Zero (Relative control).

2.3 Resistance Measurements

2.3.1 2-wire

Accuracy ± (% of reading + ) [1]

Range [2] Full Scale

5-½ Digits

240  240.000  1 m

2.4 k 2.40000 k 10 m 24 k 24.0000 k 100 m 100 A 0.02 + 1  240 k 240.000 k 1  10 A 0.06 + 20 

2.4 M 2.40000 M 10  1 A 0.06 + 200  24 M 24.0000 M 100 

Resolution Test

current 1 mA 1 mA

100 nA

One Year

23C  10C

0.02 + 100 m

0.02 + 200 m

0.2 + 25 k

[1] With measurement rate set to 2rps or lower rate, within one hour from Zero (Relative control). [2] Test voltages are 2.4V max with the exception of the 240

 ranges 240 mV.

2.3.2 4-wire

Accuracy ± (% of reading + ) [1]

Range [2] Full Scale

5-½ Digits

240  240.000  1 m

2.4 k 2.40000 k 10 m 24 k 24.0000 k 100 m 100 A 0.02 + 500 m 240 k 240.000 k 1  10 A 0.06 + 10 

2.4 M 2.40000 M 10  1 A 0.06 + 200 

[1] With measurement rate set to 2rps or lower rate, within one hour from Zero (Relative control). [2] Test voltages are 2.4V max with the exception of the 240

Resolution Source

current 1 mA 1 mA

One Year

23C  10C

0.02 + 50 m

0.02 + 100 m

 ranges 240 mV.

2.4 AC Voltage Measurements

Input Characteristics

 Input Resistance 1 M, shunted by < 300 pF, all ranges  Max. Crest Factor 4 at Full Scale, increasing to 7 at Lowest Specified Voltage  AC coupled Specified range: 10 Hz to 100 kHz  Typical Settling time < 0.5 sec to within 0.1% of final value  Typical Settling time Fast RMS < 0.05 sec to within 0.1% of final value

7 Signametrics

2.4.1 AC Voltage True RMS Measurement

Accuracy ± (% of reading + Volts) [1]

Range Full Scale

5-½ Digits [3]

240 mV 240.000 mV

2.4 V 2.40000 V 24 V 24.0000 V

240 V 240.000 V 1 mV 2 V 0.25 + 400mV

Resolution Lowest specified

Input Voltage

1 V

10 V

100 V

5 mV

20 mV 0.25 + 10mV

200 mV 0.15 + 100mV

One Year [2] 23C  10C

0.15 + 150V

[1] With measurement rate set to 2rps or lower rate [2] Input frequency 47Hz to 10kHz. For other frequencies add error in tabel below [3] Signal is limited to 8x10

Volt Hz Product

2.4.2 Additional Errors Due To Signal Frequency

Add the following error to the above values for signal frequencies lower than 47Hz or greater than 10kHz

Range Signal Frequency

240 mV

20 Hz - 47 Hz

10 kHz - 50 kHz

20 Hz - 47 Hz 0.75 + 1mV 2.4 V

10 kHz - 50 kHz 0.45 + 2mV

20 Hz - 47 Hz 0.85 + 20mV 24V

10 kHz - 50 kHz 0.2 + 15mV

20 Hz - 47 Hz 0.85 + 200mV 240V

10 kHz - 50 kHz 0.15 + 100mV

[1] Select measurement rates that are lower than 1/10th of the signal frequency.

ACV Noise Rejection Common Mode rejection, for 50 Hz or 60 Hz with 1 k imbalance in either lead, is better than 80 dB.

% of reading + Volts [1]

0.8 + 50V

0.48 + 80V

2.5 AC Current Measurement, True RMS

Input Characteristics

 Crest Factor 4 at Full Scale  Number of built-in shunts Two  Currents greater 2.4A require external shunt  Protected with 2.5A Fast blow fuse

2.5.1 AC Current True RMS Measurement

Accuracy ± (% of reading + Amps) [1]

Range Full Scale

5-½ Digits

2.4 mA 2.40000 mA 24 mA 24.0000 mA

240 mA 240.000 mA

2.4 A 2.40000 A

[1] With measurement rate set to 2rps or lower rate [2] Input frequency 47Hz to 1kHz. For other frequencies, see tabel below

Resolution Lowest Specified

Current

10 A 60 A

100 A 300 A

1 A

10 A

3 mA 55mV 0.17 + 1 mA

30 mA 520mV 0.31 + 10 mA

Max Burden

Voltage

25mV

250mV

One Year 23C 

10C [2]

0.3 + 20 A

0.2 + 100 A

Signametrics 8

2.5.2 Additional Errors Due To Current Frequency

Range Signal Frequency [1]

20 Hz - 47 Hz 0.88 2.4 mA

1 kHz - 10 kHz 0.12

20 Hz - 47 Hz 0.84 24 mA

1 kHz - 10 kHz 0.24

20 Hz - 47 Hz 0.8 240 mA

1 kHz - 10 kHz 0.2

20 Hz - 47 Hz 0.55 2.4 A

1 kHz - 10 kHz 0.2

[1] All AC Current ranges have typical measurement capability of at least 20 kHz

% of reading

2.6 Diode Test Function

 Test Currents Five

 Current sources voltage compliance 4 V

Accuracy ± (% of reading + Volts) [1]

Range Full Scale

5-½ Digits

0.1 A 0.022 + 15 V 1 A 0.018 + 12 V

10 A 0.015 + 10 V

100 A 0.014 + 8 V

1 mA

2.40000 V

[1] With measurement rate set to 2rps or lower rate

Resolution

10 V

One Year 23C  10C

0.014 + 8 V

2.7 Measurement Rates and power line rejection

 Use DMMSetRate() using the following codes.

Symbol Code

(Readings/sec)

1 RATE_1 1 2 RATE_2 2 3 RATE_3 3

7 RATE_7 7 14 RATE_14 14 27 RATE_27 27 55 RATE_55 55

100 RATE_100 100

Power line Rejection Rate

50Hz 60Hz 400Hz

            

 



9 Signametrics

2.8 Accuracy Notes

Important: all accuracy specifications for DCV, Resistance, DCI, ACV, and ACI apply for the time periods shown in the respective specification tables. To meet these specifications, Self Calibration must be performed once a day or as indicated in the specification table. This is a simple software operation that takes a few seconds. It can be performed by calling Windows command DMMCal(), or selecting S-Cal in the control panel.

These products are capable of continuous measurement as well as data transfer rates of up to 100 readings per second (rps). In general, to achieve 5-1/2 Digits of resolution, the rate should be set to 2rps or lower.

2.9 Other Specifications

Temperature Coefficient over 0C to 50C Range

 Less than 0.1 x accuracy specification per C At

Hardware Interface Single PXI/cPCI 3U slot

Overload Protection (voltage inputs) 300 VDC, 250 VAC

Isolation 300 VDC, 250 VAC from Earth Ground

Maximum Input (Volt x Hertz) 8x106 Volt x Hz normal mode input (across Voltage HI &

LO).

1x106 Volt x Hz Common Mode input (from Voltage HI or

LO relative to Earth Ground).

Safety Designed to IEC 1010-1, Installation Category II.

Calibration Calibrations are performed by Signametrics in a computer at

23C internal temperature rise. All calibration constants are stored in a text file.

Temperature Range Operating -10C to 65C

Temperature Range Storage -40C to 85C

23C  10C

Size Single 3U PXI or CompactPCI slot

Power +5 volts, 200 mA maximum

Note: Signametrics reserves the right to make changes in materials, specifications, product functionality, or accessories without notice.

Accessories

Several accessories are available for the SM2060 series DMM’s, which can be purchased directly from Signametrics, or one of its approved distributors or representatives. These are some of the accessories available:

 DMM probes SM-PRB ($15.70)  DMM probe kit SM-PRK ($38.50)  Deluxe probe kit SM-PRD ($95.00).  Shielded SMT Tweezers Probes SM-PRSMT ($24.90).  Multi Stacking Double Banana shielded cable 36” SM-CBL36 ($39.00).

Signametrics 10

 Multi Stacking Double Banana shielded cable 48” SM-CBL48 ($43.00).  Mini DIN Trigger, 6-Wire Ohms connector SM2060-CON7 ($14.00).  Lab View VI’s library SM204x.llb (free).  Extended 3 Year warrantee (does not include calibration) $120.00 for SM2055.

11 Signametrics

3.0 Getting Started

After unpacking the DMM, please inspect for any shipping damage that may have occurred, and report any claims to your transportation carrier.

The DMM is shipped with the Digital Multimeter module; Installation CD and a floppy disk that contain the calibration and verification files. Also included is the Certificate of Calib ration.

3.1 Setting the DMM

The DMM is provided with plug-and-play installation software, and does not require any switch settings, or other adjustments prior to installation.

The SM60CAL.DAT file supplied with your DMM has a unique calibration record for that DMM (See "Calibration" at the end of this manual.) When using multiple DMM’s in the same chassis, the SM60CAL.DAT file must have a calibration record for each DMM. Append the unique calibration records of each DMM into one SM60CAL.DAT file using a text editor such as Notepad. The default location for the SM60CAL.DAT file is at the root directory C:\.

3.2 Installing the DMM Module

Warning

To avoid shock hazard, install the DMM only into a personal computer that has its power line connector connected to an AC receptacle with an Earth Safety ground.

After installation, check to see that no loose wires or ribbon cables infringe upon any of the internal circuits of the DMM, as this may apply measurement voltages to your computer, causing personal injury and/or damage to your computer!

Caution: Only install the DMM module with the power turned OFF to the PC!

Use extreme care when plugging the DMM module(s) into a PCI bus slot. If possible, choose an empty slot away from any high-speed boards (e.g. video cards) or the power supply. Please be patient during the installation process! The DMM comes with 4 safety-input jacks. Because of their necessary size, they are a tight fit in many PC chassis. Insert the bracket end of the DMM into your PC first, watching for any interference between the safety input jacks and your PC chassis. “Sliding” the bracket end of the DMM into the chassis may be helpful. Be

patient! You should only have to install it once!

3.3 Installing the Software

It is recommended that you first plug in the DMM into the PC chassis, than turn on the computer power. The first time you power up your computer with the DMM installed, your computer will detect it as new hardware and prompt you for a driver. The driver your computer requires is located on the installation CD (SM2060.INF).

Following the above driver installation, run the ‘SETUP’ program provided on the CD. This takes care of all installation and registration requirements of the software. If you are installing the DMM on a computer that had an SM2060 series install in it, you should first uninstall the old software. Also make sure you backup and remove the old calibration record (SM60CAL.DAT). For a clean reinstallation remove all INF files containing reference to the Signametrics DMM. Depending on operating system, these files will be located at Windows\inf, Windows\inf\other or WINNT\inf. The files will be named Oemx.INF where x is 0,1,2,… and/or SIGNAMETRICS.INF or SM2060.INF. If present, these files will prevent “Found New Hardware” wizard from detecting the new DMM.

Signametrics 12

3.4 DMM Input Connectors

Before using the DMM, please take a few moments and review this section to understand where the voltage, current, or resistance and other inputs and outputs should be applied. This section contains important

information concerning voltage and current limits. Do not exceed these limits, as personal injury or damage to the instrument, your computer or application may result.

Figure 3-1. The DMM input connectors.

V,  + This is the positive terminal for all Volts, 2W and diode test. It is also the Source high for 4W measurements. The maximum input across V,  + and V,  - is 300 VDC or 250 VAC when in the measuring mode. When in the 2-Wire or 4-Wire resistance mode, the maximum input allowed before damage occurs is

100 volts.

V,  - This is the negative terminal for all Volts, 2W and diode test. It is also the Source low for 4W measurements. Do not float this terminal or any other DMM terminal more than 300 VDC or 250 VAC above Earth Ground.

I + This is the positive terminal for all Current measurements. It is also the Sense high for 4W measurements.

The maximum input across I, 4W + and I, 4W - is 2.5 A. Do not apply more than 5 V peak across the I+ and Iterminals.

I – This is the negative terminal for all Current measurements. In the Current modes, it is protected with a 2.5 A, 250 V Fast Blow fuse (5 x 20 mm). It is also the Sense low for 4W measurements. V,  - and I, 4W - should

never have more than 5 V peak across them.

3.5 Starting the Control Panel

13 Signametrics

You can verify the installation and gain familiarity with the DMM by exercising its measurement functions usin g the Windows based Control Panel. To run the control panel, double click the “SM2064.EXE” icon. If you do not hear the relays click, it is most likely due to an installation error. Another possible source for an error is that th e SM60CAL.DAT file does not correspond to the installed DMM.

When the DMM is started the first time, using the provided control panel (SM2064.EXE), it takes a few extra seconds to extract its calibration data from the on-board store, and write it to a file C:\SM60CAL.DAT

The Control Panel is operated with a mouse. All functions are accessed using the left mouse button. When the DMM is operated at very slow reading rates, you may have to hold down the left mouse button longer than usual for the program to acknowledge the mouse click.

Note: The SM2060 front panel powers up in DCV, 8 readings per second (rps) and 240 V range. If the DMM is operated in Autorange, with an open input, it will switch between the 2.4V and 24V ranges every few seconds, as a range change occurs. This is perfectly normal with ultra high impedance DMM’s such as the SM2055. This phenomenon is caused by the virtually infinite input impedance of the 2.4V DC range. On these ranges, an open input will read whatever charge is associated with the signal conditioning of the DMM. As this electrical charge changes, the SM2055 will change ranges, causing the range switching. This is normal.

3.5 Using the Control Panel

Figure 3-2. The Control Panel. The three main groups include Measure, Source and Range buttons. The Range buttons are context sensitive such that only “240m, 2.4, 24 and 240 appear when in AC Voltage Function is selected, and 2.4m, 24m, 240m and 2.4 appear when AC Current functions is selected, etc.

Note: All of the controls described below correspond to their respective software function, which can be invoked within your control software or as objects in a visual programming environment. The software command language provides a powerful set of capabilities. Some of the functions are not included in the control panel, but are in the software.

DC/AC This function switches between DC and AC. This is applicable for the following DMM functions: Voltage, Current, and Voltage-Source. If Voltage-Source is the function presently in use, the Source control under the Tools menu can be used to set frequency and amplitude in ACV, and amplitude only in DCV and DCI.

Relative This is the Relative function. When activated, the last reading is stored and subtracted from all subsequent readings. This is a very important function when making low-level DCV measurements, or in 2W. For example, when using 2W, you can null out lead resistance by shorting the leads together and clicking on Relative. When making low level DC voltage measurements (e.g., in the V region), first apply a copper short to the V, + & - input terminals, allow the reading to stabilize for a few seconds, and click on Relative. This will correct for any internal offsets. The Relative button can also be used in the Percent and dB deviation displays (shown below), which are activated using the T

ools in the top menu.

Signametrics 14

The Min/Max box can be used to analyze variations in terms of Min, Max, Percent and dBV. This display can be activated by selecting the

in/Max/Deviation from the Tools menue. For instance, testing a circuit

M bandwidth with an input of 1V RMS, activate the Relative function with the frequency set to 100Hz, than sweep gradually the frequency, and monitor the percent deviation as well as the dBV error and capture any response anomalies with the Min/Max display. The left display indicates peaking of 2.468% (0.21 dBV) and maximum peaking in the response of +56.24mV and a notch of –

10.79mV from the reference at 100Hz.

Rate Box: Co

ntrols the DMM Measurement rate. As rate decreases, the measurement noise decreases. Also consider the power line frequency (50/60 Hz) of operation when setting it, as certain rates have better noise rejection at either 50 or 60 Hz. (See “Specifications” for details.). When measuring RMS values, there is no point setting the Rate to a value greater than 2rps.

Range: Can be set to Autorange or manual by clicking on the appropriate range in the lower part of the Windows panel. Autoranging is best used for bench top application and is not recommended for an automated test application due to the uncertainty of the DMM range, as well as the extra time for range changes. Locking a range is highly recommended when operating in an automated test system, especially to speed up measurements. Another reason to lock a range is to control the input impedance in DCV. The 240 mV and 2.4 V ranges have virtually infinite input impedance, while the 24 V and 240 V ranges have 10 M input impedance.

S_Cal: This function is the System Calibration that corrects for internal gain, scale factor and zero errors. The DMM does this by alternatively selecting its local DC reference and a zero input. It is required at least once every day to meet the accuracy specifications. It is recommended that you also perform this function whenever the external environment changes (e.g. the temperature in your work environment changes by more than 5C. This function takes a few seconds to perform. Disconnect all leads to the DMM before doing this operation. Keep in mind that this is not a substitute for periodic calibration, which must be performed with external standards.

15 Signametrics

4.0 DMM Operation and Measurement Tutorial

Most of the measurement functions are accessible from the Windows Control Panel (Figure above). All of the functions are included in the Windows DLL driver library. To gain familiarity with the DMM, run the Windows ‘SETUP.EXE’ to install the software, then run the DMM, as described in the previous section. This section describes in detail the DMM’s operation and measurement practices for best performance.

4.1 Voltage Measurement

Measures from 0.1 V to 240 VDC or VAC. Use the V,  + and V,  - terminals, being certain to always leave the I+, I- and DIN-7 terminals disconnected. Use the AC/DC button on the Control Panel to switch between AC and

DC.

Making Voltage Measurements is straightforward. The following tips will allow you to make the most accurate voltage measurements.

4.1.1 DC Voltage Measurements

When making very low-level DCV measurements (<1 mV), you should first place a copper wire shorting plug across the V,  + and V,  - terminals and perform Relative function to eliminate zero errors before making your measurements. A common source of error can come from your test leads, which can introduce several Volts of error due to thermal voltages. To minimize thermal voltaic effects, after handling the test leads; you should wait a few seconds before making measurements. Signametrics offers several high quality probes that are optimal for lowlevel measurements.

Note: The front panel powers up in 8rps, DCV, 240 V range. If the DMM is operated in Autorange, with an open input, The DMM will keep changing ranges. This is perfectly normal with ultra high impedance DMM’. The virtually infinite input impedance of the 240 mV and 2.4 V DCV ranges causes this phenomenon. On these ranges, an open input will read whatever charge is associated with the signal conditioning of the DMM. As this electrical charge accumulates, the DMM will change ranges.

4.1.2 True RMS AC Voltage Measurements

ACV is specified for signals greater than 1mV, from 10 Hz to 50 kHz. The ACV function is AC coupled, and measures the true RMS value of the waveform.

ACV measurements, if possible, should have the NEUTRAL or GROUND attached to the V, - terminal. See Figure 4-1, below. This prevents any “Common Mode” problems from occurring (Common Mode refers to floating the SM2060 V, LO above Earth Ground.) Common Mode problems can result in noisy readings, or even cause the PC to hang-up under high V X Hz input conditions. In many systems, grounding the source to be measured at Earth Ground (being certain to avoid any ground loops) can give better results.

The settling time and low end bandwidth of the RMS functio n are effected by the status of the Fast RMS control circuit. When fast RMS is selected, the RMS settling time is about 10 times faster, but the low end frequency is significantly increased.

Signametrics 16

Figure 4-1. Make Voltage ACV measurements with the source ground attached to the V, - to minimize “Common Mode” measurement problems.

4.2 Current Measurements

The DMM measures AC and DC currents between 100 A and 2.5 A. Use the +I, 4W terminals, being certain to always leave the V, + & - terminals disconnected. Use the AC/DC button to switch between AC and DC. The AC current is an AC coupled True RMS measurement function. See figure 4-2 for connection.

The Current functions are protected with a 2.5 A, 250 V fuse. The 2.4mA and 24mA ranges utilize a 10 shunt, while the 240mA and 2.4A ranges use a 0.1 shunt. In addition to the shunt resistors, there is some additional parasitic resistance in the current measurement path associated with the fuse and the internal wiring . The result is a low burden voltage.

Warning! Applying voltages greater than 35 V to the I+, I- terminals can cause personal injury and/or damage to your DMM and computer! Think before applying any inputs to these terminals!

17 Signametrics

Figure 4-2. AC and DC Current measurement connection.

4.2.2 Improving DC Current Measurements

When making sensitive DC current measurements disconnect all terminals not associated with the measurement. User the Relative function while in the desired DC current range to zero out any residual error. Using the S-Cal (DMMCalibrate ()) prior to activating Relative will improve accuracy further. Although the DMM is designed to withstand up-to 2.4A indefinitely, be aware that excessive heat may be generated when measuring higher AC or DC currents. If allowed to rise this heat may adversely effect subsequent measurements. In consideration with this effect, it is recommended that whenever practical, higher current measurements be limited to short time intervals. The lower two ranges of DC current may be effected by relay contamination.

4.3 Resistance Measurements

The key for stable and accurate Resistance measurements, with low test voltage, is in the number of current sources used. This DMM uses six. The DMM measures resistance by forcing a current, and measuring a voltage, which the DMM converts and displayes as a resistance value. Most measurements can be made in the 2-wire mode. The 4wire ohms is used to make low value resistance measurements. All resistance measurement modes are susceptible to Thermo-Voltaic (Thermal EMF) errors. See section 4.3.5 for details.

4.3.1 2-Wire Ohm Measurements

The DMM measure using 240 to 24 M ranges. Use the V,+, V,- terminals for this function. Be certain to disconnect the I+, I- terminals in order to reduce leakage, noise and for better safety.

Most resistance measurements can be made using the simple 2-wire Ohms method. Simply connect V,+ to one end of the resistor, and the V,- to the other end. If the resistor to be measured is less than 24 k, you should null out any lead resistance errors by first touching the V,+ and V,- test leads together and then performing a Relative function. If making measurements above 200 k, you should use shielded or twisted leads to minimize noise pickup. This is especially true for measurements above 1 M.

You may also want to control the Ohms current used in making resistance measurements. (See the Specifications section, "Resistance, 2-wire and 4-wire", for a table of resistance range vs. current level.) All of the Ohms ranges of the DMM have enough current and voltage compliance to turn on diode junctions. For characterizing semiconductor part types, use the Diode measurement function. To avoid turning on a semiconductor junction, you may need to select a higher range (lower current). When checking semiconductor junctions, the DMM displays a resistance value linearly related to the voltage across the junction .

Signametrics 18

For applications requiring voltage and current controlled resistance measurements, use the SMX2064, which has Extended Resistance Measurement function as well as active guarding.

4.3.2 4-Wire Ohm Measurements

4-wire Ohms measurements are advantageous for making measurements below 200 k, eliminating lead resistance errors. The Voltage (V,) Input terminals serve as a current source to stimulus the resistance, and the I, 4W Input terminals are the sense inputs. The Source + and Sense + leads are connected to one side of the resistor, and the Source - and Sense - leads are connected to the other side. Both Sense leads should be closest to the body of the resistor. See Figure 4-3.

4-wire Ohm makes very repeatable low ohms measurements, from 10 mto 200 k. It is not recommended to use 4W when making measurements above 200 k.

Figure 4-3. The I- and I+ sense leads should be closest to the body of the resistor when making 4W measurements.

4.3.6 Effects of Thermo-Voltaic Offset

Resistance measurements are sensitive to Thermo-Voltaic (Thermal EMF) errors. These error voltages can be caused by poor test leads, relay contacts and other elements in the measurement path. They affect all measurement methods, including 2-Wire and 4-Wire. To quantify this error, consider a system in which signals are routed to the DMM via a relay multiplexing system. Many vendors of switching products do not provide Thermal EMF specification, and it is not uncommon to find relays that have more than 50 V. With several relay contacts in the path, the error can be significant. This error can be measured using the DMM’s 240mV DC range. To do this, close a single relay that is not connected to any load, wait for a short time (about 2 minutes), than measure the voltage across the shorted relay contacts. Make sure to short the DMM leads and set ‘relative’ to clear the DMM offset prior to the measurement. To calculate worst-case error, count all relay contacts, which are in series with the measurement (V, +, V, - terminals in 2-Wire, and I+, I- terminals in 4-Wire mode). Multiply this count by the Thermal EMF voltage. Use Ohms law to convert this voltage to resistance error as in the following table.

Resistance Measurement Errors due to Thermo-Voltaic offsets.

Range Ohms DMM Error due to Error due to Error due to

19 Signametrics

240 

2.4 k 24 k 240 k

2.4 M 24 M

Current Resolution 1 mA 1 mA 100 uA 10 uA 1 uA 100 nA

1m  10 m 100 m 1  10 m 10 m 100 m 1  100 m 100 m 1  10  1  1  10  100  10  10  100  10  100  100  1 k 100 

10 V EMF 100 V EMF

1mV EMF

4.8 Diode Characterization

The Diode measurement function is used for characterizing semiconductor part types. This function is designed to display a semiconductor device’s forward or reverse voltage. The DMM measures diode voltage at a selected current. The available source currents for diode I/V characterization include five DC current values, 100 A, 1 A, 10 A, 100 A and 1 mA. The SMX2064 have an additional 10 mA range. It also has a variable current source that can be used concurrently with DCV measurement (see “Source Current / Measure Voltage”). This allows a variable current from 10 A to 12.5 mA. The maximum diode voltage compliance is approximately4 V.

Applications include I/V characteristics of Diodes, LEDs, Low voltage Zener diodes, Band Gap devices, as well as IC testing and polarity checking.

5.0 Windows Interface

Signametrics 20

The SM2060 Windows interface package provided, contains all required componenets for the following products: SMX2055, SM2060, SMX2060, SM2064, SMX2064. is a 32bit DLL based modules, which includes both, a DLL and a windows Kernel driver. This package is sufficient for most windows based software applications.

5.1 Distribution Files

The distribution CD contains all the necessary components to install and run the DMM on computers running any of the Microsoft® Windows™ operating systems. It also provides means for various software packages to control the DMM. Before installing the DMM or software, read the “Readme.txt” file. To install this software "Run Program" menu select ‘autorun.exe’ from the provided CD by double-click. Most files on this CD are compressed, and are automatically installed by running ‘autorun’, which in turn executes the setup.exe file located on the CD in the respective product directory.

The DLL is a protected-mode Microsoft® Windows™ DLL that is capable of handling up to ten Signametrics DMM’s. Also provided are samples Visual Basic™ front-panel application and a C++ sample, to demonstrate the DMM and the interface to the DLL. Check the README.TXT file for more information about the files contained on the diskette. Some important files to note are:

Description

File

SM60CAL.DAT

SM2060.LIB

SMX2060.DEF

SM2060.DLL

SMX2060.H

DMMUser.H

Msvbvm50.dll

Configuration file containing calibration information for each DMM. Do not write into this file unless you are performing an external calibration! This file is normally placed at the C:\ root directory by the setup program, and should be left there. It may contain calibration records for several DMM’s.

The Windows import library. Install in a directory pointed to by your LIB environment variable.

SM2060 driver DLL module definition file.

The 32-bit driver DLL. This should be installed either in your working directory, in the Windows system directory, or in a directory on your PATH. The installation program installs this file in your Windows system directory (usually C:\WINDOWS\SYSTEM for Win98/95 or at C:\WINNT\SYSTEM32 for Windows NT).

Driver header file. Contains the definitions of all the DMM’s function prototypes for the DLL, constant definitions, and error codes. Install in a directory pointed to by your INCLUDE environment variable.

Header file containing all of the necessary DMM’s function, range, rate definitions to be used with the various measure and source functions.

Visual Basic run-time interpreter. Usually already installed in your C:\WINDOWS\SYSTEM (or equivalent) directory. If it is not already installed, you will be prompted to install it by running Msvbvm50.exe for proper extraction and registration.

SM2064.vbw

SM2064.frm

SM2064.vbp

2060glbl.bas

File Description

Visual Basic project file

Visual Basic file with main form

Visual Basic project file

Visual Basic file with all global DMM declarations

21 Signametrics

SM2064.exe

Visual Basic DMM control panel executable

Msvcrt.dll System file. Installs in your C:\WINDOWS\SYSTEM directory.

Windrvr.vxd

Win98/95/Me Virtual Device Driver. Installs by ‘setup’ in your C:\WINDOWS\SYSTEM\VMM32 directory.

Windrvr.sys

Win NT Virtual Device Driver. Installs by ‘setup’ in your C:\WINNT\SYSTEM32\DRIVERS directory.

Install.doc

Installation instructions in MS Word

Important Notes about the SM60CAL.DAT file:

The file SM60CAL.DAT contains calibration information for each DMM, and determines the overall analog performance for that DMM. The first time you startup your DMM, this file will be created from the stored calibration data on-board the DMM. You must not alter this file unless you are performing an external calibration of the DMM. This file may contain multiple records for more than one DMM. Each record starts with a header line, followed by calibration data.

card_id 8123 type 2055 calibration_date 06/15/2005 ad ; A/D compensation. Set during manufacturing.

72.0 20.0 1.0 vdc ; VDC 240mV, 2.4V, 24V,… 330V ranges. 1

-386.0 0.99961

-37.0 .999991

-83.0 0.999795

-8.8 1.00015 0 1.0 ;Place holder on SMX2055 vac ; VAC 1st line - DC offset. Subsequent lines: 1

0.0

0.84 1.015461 23

0.0043 1.0256 22

0.1 1.02205 2

0.4 1.031386 1 0 1.0 0 ;Place holder on SMX2055 idc ; IDC 240nA to 2.5A ranges. 1 0 1.0 ;Place holder on SMX2055 0 1.0 ;Place holder on SMX2055 0 1.0 ;Place holder on SMX2055 0 1.0 ;Place holder on SMX2055

-10.0 1.00083 ; 2.4mA range

-16.0 1.00222

-50.0 1.0034

-176.0 1.0 ; 2.4A range iac ; IAC 2.4mA to 2.4A ranges, offset and gain

1.6 1.02402

0.0 1.03357

1.69 1.00513

0.0 1.0142 2w-ohm ; Ohms 24, 240, 2.4k,...,240Meg ranges, offset and gain 0 1.00 ; placeholders

1256.0 1.002307 ;240 Ohms range

110.0 1.002665

0.0 1.006304

0.0 1.003066

0.0 1.001848

0.0 0.995664 ;24Meg range

0.0 1.0 ; placeholders

entry is offset, 2nd is gain parameter

entry is Offset the 2nd is gain parameters

entry is Offset the 2nd is gain, 3rd freq. comp

…

Signametrics 22

The first line identifies the DMM and the calibration date. The "card-id" is stored on each DMM. During initialization the driver reads it from the DMM and matches it to that in the calibration record .

During initialization (DMMInit()), the driver reads various parameters such as DMM type (SM2060/44), and serial number, and then reads the corresponding calibration information from the SM60CAL.DAT file.

The DMMInit() function reads the information from these files to initialize the DMM. DMMInit accepts parameters that are the names of these files. A qualified technician may modify individual entries in the calibration file, then reload them using the DMMLoadCalFile command.

5.2 Using the SM2060 Driver Set With C++ or Similar Software

Install the SM2060.H and DMMUser.H header file in a directory that will be searched by your C/C++ compiler for header files. This header file is known to work with Microsoft Visual C++™. To compile using Borland, you will need to convert the SM2060.DEF and SM2060.LIB using ImpDef.exe and ImpLib.exe, provided with the compiler. Install SM2060.LIB in a directory that will be searched by the linker for import libraries. The SM2060 software must be installed prior to running any executable code. Install the SM2060.DLL in a location where either your program will do a LoadLibrary call to load it, or on the PATH so that Windows will load the DLL automatically.

In using the SM2060 driver, first call DMMInit which read the calibration information, performs self test and autocalibration. Call DMMSetFunction to set the DMM to a measurement function. The DMM function constants are defined in the DMMUser.H header file, and have names that clearly indicate the function they invoke. Use DMMSetRate to set the reading rate defined in the header file.

Two functions are provided to return DMM readings. DMMRead returns the next reading as a scaled doubleprecision (double) result, and DMMReadStr returns the next reading as a formatted string ready to be displayed.

All functions accept a DMM-number parameter. This value, nDmm, is used to identify the DMM number in a multiple DMM system. This value will be 0,1,2.. n. Most functions return an error or warning code, which can be retrieved as a string using DMMErrStr().

5.2.1 Multiple Card Operations under Windows

Single .EXE operation

Accessing multiple DMM’s from a single executable is the most common way for running up to 10 DMM’s using the Windows DLL. A combination of several SM2060s and SM2064s can be controlled, as long as the single .EXE (Thread) is used to control all of the units. Make sure that prior to issuing commands to any DMM, it is initialized using DMMInit(). The nDmm parameter is passed with each DLL command to define the DMM to be accessed. Since this configuration utilizes the DLL to service all DMM’s, it must handle a single read ing or control command one at a time. For example, when one DMM reads DCV, and another reads Capacitance, the DLL must finish reading the DCV before it will proceed to take a Capacitance reading. Being a relatively slow measurement, Capacitance will dictate the measurement throughput. For improved performance, one can use the following:

Multiple .EXE operation

By having several copies of SM2060.DLL, and renaming them, you can run multiple DMM’s with separate executables. For instance, having a copy named SM2060A.DLL in C:\windows\system (Win98/95), and having two executable files, MultiExe0.exe and MultiExe1.exe, each of the executables will run independently, making calls to the respective DLL. This can provide an execution throughput advantage over the method mentioned above. If using Visual Basic, the MultiExe.exe source code should define nDmm = 0, and MultiExe1.exe should define nDmm = 1. Also the first should declare the SM2060.DLL and the second should declare SM2064.DLL:

MultiExe0.exe VB function declarations:

Declare Function DMMInit Lib "SM2060.dll" (ByVal calFile As String) As Long Declare Function DMMRead Lib "SM2060.dll" (ByVal nDmm As Long, dResult As Double) As Long NDmm = 0

MultiExe1.exe VB function declarations:

Declare Function DMMInit Lib "sm20432A.dll" (ByVal calFile As String) As Long Declare Function DMMRead Lib "sm20432A.dll" (ByVal nDmm As Long, dResult As Double) As Long NDmm = 1

23 Signametrics

/*********************************************************************** * Exmp2040.C Exmp2040.EXE * * A simple Windows .EXE example for demonstrating the SM2060,64 * DMM’s using "C" * Sets Function to VDC, Range to 24V, Rate set to 6rps. * Display five measurements using a Message box. *********************************************************************** * Make sure SM2060.lib is included in the libraries. For Microsoft * Version 4.0 C++ and above, place under 'Source Files' in the * Workspace, along side with Exmp2060.c * PROJECT SETTINGS: * * /nologo /ML /W3 /GX /O2 /D "WIN32" /D "NDEBUG" /D "_CONSOLE" /D "_MBCS" * /FR"Release/" /Fp"Release/Exmp2060.pch" /YX /Fo"Release/" /Fd"Release/" /FD /c * * Copy both SM2060.DLL and SM2060.LIB to the project directory. * ***********************************************************************/ // #define WINAPI __stdcall #include <windows.h> #include <string.h> #ifdef _Windows #define _WINDOWS #endif #include "SMX2060.h" // functions declarations and error codes. #include "DMMUser.h" // All functions, range and rate info and function declarations. int main(void){ int I, nDmm = 0; // Address first DMM in the system char Read[16]; char strMsg[256]; i = DMMInit(nDmm,"C:\\SM60CAL.dat"); // initialize SM2055, and read calibration file if(i<0) MessageBox(0,"Initialization ERROR !", "Startup SM2060 DLL",MB_OK); // Error DMMSetFunction(nDmm,VDC); // Set to DCV function DMMSetRange(nDmm,_24V); // and to 33V range DMMSetRate(nDmm, strcpy(strMsg,""); // Clear string store for(i=1; i<= 5; i++){ // take 5 readings DMMReadStr(nDmm, Read); // read strcat(strMsg,Read); // Append each reading strcat(strMsg," "); // insert space between readings } MessageBox(0,strMsg, "SM2060.DLL Read Resistance & VDC",MB_OK); // Show readings return 0L; }

RATE_6R50); // meas. Rate = 6

5.3 Visual Basic Front Panel Application

The Visual Basic front panel application, SM2064.EXE, is an interactive control panel for the SM2060 family of DMMs. When it loads it will take a few seconds to initialize and self calibrate the hardware before the front panel is displayed.

The push buttons labeled V, I, etc. control the DMM function. As you push a function, the front panel application will switch the DMM to the selected range and function. Autorange mode is selected by pushing the AutoRange check box. The S-Cal box recalibrates the DMM, leaving the DMM in the same state prior to operation. (This is an

Signametrics 24

internal calibration only, and is different from the external calibration, which writes to the SM60CAL.DAT file. S-Cal is used to correct for any internal offset and gain drifts due to changes in operating temperature).

The source code file 2060Glbl.BAS (in the V_BASIC directory of the distribution diskette) contains the function declarations and the various ranges, rates and other parameters that are required. These definitions are the duplicates of the “C” header files required to write Visual Basic applications which interact with the driver DLL, along with some global variables required for this particular front-panel application.

5.3.1 Visual Basic Simple Application

The following is a simple panel application for Visual Basic, which includes two files, Global.Bas and SimplePanel.frm. It has a panel that contains two objects, a Text Box to display the DMM readings, and a Command Button that acts as a reading trigger.

Global.bas module file contents:

Option Explicit ' Declare all functions we are going to be using: From SM2060.H file. Declare Function DMMInit Lib "SM2060.dll" (ByVal nDmm as long, ByVal calFile As String) As Long Declare Function DMMSetRate Lib "SM2060.dll" (ByVal nDmm As Long, ByVal nRate As Long) _ As Long Declare Function DMMSetFunction Lib "SM2060.dll" (ByVal nDmm As Long, ByVal nFunc As Long) As Long Declare Function DMMSetRange Lib "SM2060.dll" (ByVal nDmm As Long, ByVal nRange As Long) As Long Declare Function DMMRead Lib "SM2060.dll" (ByVal nDmm As Long, dResult As Double) As Long

' Definitions from DMMUser.H ' for DMMSetFunction() Global Const VDCFunc = 0 Global Const VACFunc = 4 Global Const Ohm2Func = 21 Global nDmm as Long

' for DMMSetRange() Global Const Range0 = 0 Global Const Range1 = 1 Global Const Range2 = 2 Global Const Range3 = 3

'Measurement Rate for use with DMMSetRate() Global Const RATE_1R60= 4 '1rps with 60Hz line rejection Global Const RATE_1R50 = 5 '1rps with 50Hz line rejection Global Const RATE_2R60= 6 '2rps Global Const RATE_4R60 = 8 '4rps Global nDmm As Long ' Global store for the DMM number

SimplePanel.frm Form file contents:

Private Sub Form_Load() 'Fomr_Load allways gets executed first. Dim i As Long nDmm = 0 ‘Set to first DMM in the system i = DMMInit(nDmm,"C:\SM60CAL.dat") 'Initialize and load cal file i = DMMSetFunction(nDmm, VDCFunc) 'Set DMM to DCV function i = DMMSetRange(nDmm, Range2) 'Select the 24V range i = DMMSetRate(nDmm, RATE_2R60) 'Set measurement rate End Sub

Private Sub ReadBotton_Click() 'Read Botton Click action. Dim i As Long 'Any time this botton is pressed Dim dReading As Double 'the DMM takes a reading and displays it. i = DMMRead(nDmm, dReading) 'Take a reading TextReading.Text = dReading 'display it in a Text box. End Sub

5.4 Windows DLL Default Modes and Parameters

25 Signametrics

After initialization, the Windows DLL default modes and parameters on your DMM are set up as follows:

 Auto ranging: Off  Function: DC Volts  Range: 240V

 Relative: Off

 Measurement Rate: 2rps

5.5 Using the SM2060 DLL with LabWindows/CVI

When using the SM2060 DLL with LabWindows/CVI, you should read the LabWin.txt file included with the software diskette.

An example application of SM2060 DLL calls from LabWindows/CVI ® is shown below. It contains functions measure_ohms() and measure_vdc(), with sample calls to the SM2060.

NOTE: Although these measurement functions use LabWindows/CVI® and the LabWindows/CVI(R) Test Executive, they are not necessarily coded to LabWindows® instrument driver standards.

/* function: measure_ohms, purpose: measure 2-wire ohms */ int measure_ohms(double OHMreading) { short ret, i; DMMSetFunctions (0, OHMS2W); DMMSetAutoRange (0, TRUE); /* to settle auto-range and function changes ignore three readings */ for( i = 0 ; i < 4 ; i++ ) ret = DMMReadNorm (0, & OHMreading); return ret; } /* function: measure_vdc, purpose: measure DC Volts */ int measure_vdc(double Vreading) { short ret, i; DMMSetFunctions (0, VDC); DMMSetAutoRange (0, TRUE); /* to settle auto-range and function changes ignore three readings */ for( i = 0 ; i < 4 ; i++ ) ret = DMMReadNorm (0, &Vreading); return ret; }

5.6 Windows Command Language

The following section contains detailed descriptions of each function of the Windows command language. Those commands that pertain to only the SM2060 are indicated. Most functions return an error code. The code can either be retrieved as a string using DMMErrString function, or looked up in the SM2060.H header file. The DMMUser.H file contains all the pertinent definitions for the DMM ranges functions etc. The following description for the various functions is based on “C” function declarations. Keep in mind that the Windows DLL containing these functions assumes all int values to be windows 32bit integers (corresponds to VisualBasic long type). TRUE is 1 and FALSE is 0 (which is also different from VisualBasic where True is –1 and False is 0).

Grayed out functions are either, untested or unimplemented.

Signametrics 26

DMMCalibrate

Description Internally calibrate the DMM.

#include "SM2060.h"

int DMMCalibrate(int nDmm)

Remarks This function performs self calibration of the various components of the DMM, as well

as an extensive self test. At the end of this operation it returns th e DMM to the current operating mode. Using this function periodically, or when the DMM internal temperature varies, will enhance the accuracy of the DMM. Using this function does not remove the requirement to perform periodic external calibration.

Parameter

nDmm

Return Value The return value is one of the following constants.

Value

DMM_OKAY

Negative Value

Example status = DMMCalibrate(0); /* a quick internal cal.*/ Comments This performs an internal DMM calibration and is th e same as the S-Cal command in the

Type/Description

int Identifies the DMM. DMMs are numbered starting with zero.

Meaning

DMM is OK.

Error

VB Control Panel. It is not related to the external calibration represented in the SM60CAL.DAT file.

DMMCleanRelay

Description Service function that cleans specified relay.

#include "SM2060.h"

int DMMCleanRelay(int nDmm, int iRelay, int iCycles)

Remarks This function cleans iRelay by vibrating the contact iCycles times. This function is useful

for removing oxides and other deposits from the relay contacts. DC Current measurements are particularly sensitive to K2 contact resistance and therefore should be cleaned periodically. It is also useful for making sound in computer without a speaker.

Parameter

iRelay

iCycles

nDmm

Return Value Integer error code..

Type/Description

int The relay to clean. 1 for K2, 2 for K2 and 3 for K3.

int The number of times the relay contact is shaken. 1 to 1000.

int Identifies the DMM. DMMs are numbered starting with zero.

27 Signametrics

Value Meaning

DMM_OKAY

Negative Value

Example int status = DMMCleanRelay(0, 2, 100); // Shake K2 1000

Operation successfully completed.

Error code

DMMClearMinMax

Description Clears the Min/Max storage.

#include "SM2060.h"

int DMMClearMinMax(int nDmm)

Remarks This function clears the Min/Max values, and initiates a new Min/Max detection. See

DMMGetMin for more details.

Parameter

nDmm

Return Value Integer error code..

Value

Type/Description

int Identifies the DMM. DMMs are numbered starting with zero.

Meaning

DMM_OKAY

Negative Value

Example int status = DMMClearMinMax(0);

Operation successfully completed.

Error code

DMMClosePCI

Description Close the PCI bus for the specified DMM. Not for user applications.

#include "SM2060.h"

int DMMClosePCI(int nDmm)

Remarks This function is limited for servicing the DMM. It has no use in normal DMM operation.

See also DMMClosePCI() function.

Parameter

nDmm

Type/Description

int Identifies the DMM. DMMs are numbered starting with zero.

Return Value Integer error code.

Value

Meaning

DMM_OKAY

Negative Value

Example int status = DMMOpenPCI(0);

Operation successfully completed.

Error code

DMMRead

Description Return the next floating-point reading from the DMM.

#include "SM2060.h"

int DMMRead(int nDmm, double *lpdResult)

43 Signametrics

Remarks Executing the DMMRead function causes the DMM to perform a single conversion and

retrieve the result. The DMM, performs all scaling and conversion required, and returns the result as a 64-bit double-precision floating-point number in the location pointed to by

lpdResult. It can read all the Primary functions (those that can be selected using DMMSetFunction() and DMMSetRange() ). Returned result is a scaled value which is

normilized to the selected range. That is . That is, it returns 200 for 200mV input in the 240 mV range, and 100 for 100 k input in the 330k  range. Alternatively use the DMMReadNorm() function for base units read function, or DMMReadStr() to return the results as formated string of the DMMRead().Very large values are indication of over range condition.

Parameter

nDmm

lpdResult

Return Value The return value is one of the following constants.

Value

DMM_OKAY

Negative Value

Positive Value

Example double dResults[100];

For(i=0; I < 100; i++) DMMRead(0, &dResults[i]);// Read to a buffer

Type/Description

int Identifies the DMM. DMMs are numbered starting with zero.

double * Points to the location to hold the next reading.

Meaning

DMM initialized successfully.

Error code

Warning code, including over range.

int status;

DMMReadNorm

Description Take a reading that is in base value.

#include "SM2060.h"

int DMMReadNorm(int nDmm, double *lpdRead)

Remarks This function returns a double floating-point reading. Unlike DMMRead() the returned

value is in base units. That is, it returns 0.2 for a 200 mV input and 1e6 for a 1.0 M. Very large values are indication of over range condition.

Parameter

nDmm

lpdRead

Return Value Integer value version code or an error code.

Value

DMM_E_RANGE

Negative Value

DMM_OKAY

Type/Description

int Identifies the DMM. DMMs are numbered starting with zero.

double * Pointer to a location where the reading is saved.

Meaning

Over/Under range error.

Error code

Valid return.

Signametrics 44

Example double reading; int status = DMMReadNorm(0, &reading);

DMMReadStr

SM2060  SM2064 

Description Return the next reading from the DMM formatted for printing.

#include "SM2060.h"

int DMMReadStr(int nDmm, LPSTR lpszReading)

Remarks This function is the string version of DMMRead(). It reads the next measurement result,

performs all scaling and conversion required, and returns the result as a string formatted for printing. The print format is determined by the range and function. See DMMRead() for more details.

Parameter

nDmm

lpszReading

Return Value The return value is one of the following constants, or the string length is OK.

Value

DMM_OKAY

Negative Value

DMM_E_RANGE

Example char cBuf[64]; int status = DMMReadingStr(0, cBuf);

Type/Description

int Identifies the DMM. DMMs are numbered starting with zero.

LPSTR Points to a buffer (at least 64 characters long) to hold the

converted result. The return value will consist of a leading sign, a floating-point value in exponential notation, and a units specifier.

Meaning

Valid return.

Error code

DMM over range error occurred.

DMMSetAutoRange

Description Enable/Disable autorange operatio n of DMM

#include "SM2060.h"

int DMMSetAutoRange(int nDmm, int bAuto)

Remarks This function enables or disables autorange operation of the DMM.

Parameter

nDmm

bAuto

Type/Description

int Identifies the DMM. DMMs are numbered starting with zero.

int Determines whether or not autoranging is done. The value TRUE

(1) enables autoranging, FALSE (0) disables it.

45 Signametrics

Return Value The return value is one of the following constants.

Value

Meaning

DMM_OKAY

Negative Value

Example status = DMMSetAutoRange(0, TRUE); /* enable autoranging */

Function succeeded.

Error code

DMMSetFunction

Description Set the DMM function.

#include "SM2060.h" #include "DMMUser.h"

int DMMSetFunction(int nDmm, int nFunc)

Remarks This function selects the DMM’s measurement function. The DMMUser.h file contains a

table of values defined as VDC, VAC, IAC, IDC, OHMS4W, OHMS2W etc... Not all functions are available for all DMM types.

Parameter

nDmm

nFunc

Type/Description

int Identifies the DMM. DMMs are numbered starting with zero.

int A pre-defined constant corresponding to the desired function.

Return Value The return value is one of the following constants.

Value

Meaning

DMM_OKAY

Negative Value

DMM_E_FUNC

Example status = DMMSetFunction(0, IDC); // Set for DC current

DMM initialized successfully.

Error code

Invalid DMM function.

DMMSetRange

Description Set the DMM range for the present function.

#include "SM2060.h"

int DMMSetRange(int nDmm, int nRange)

Remarks This function sets the range used by the DMM for the present function. The table of

values is defined by the _240mV, _2400uA, etc. In general, the lowest range is 0, next is 1 etc. Each function has a pre defined number of ranges as specified in the specification section of this manual. Not all ranges are available for all DMM types. For instance the SM2064 has a 24 Ohms and 240Meg range, while the SM2060 and SMX2055 do not.

Signametrics 46

Parameter Type/Description

nDmm

nRange

Return Value The return value is one of the following constants.

Value

Meaning

DMM_OKAY

Negative Value

DMM_E_RANGE

Example status = DMMSetRange(0, _24mA);

int Identifies the DMM. DMMs are numbered starting with zero.

int A pre-defined constant corresponding to the desired range.

DMM initialized successfully.

Error code

Invalid DMM range value.

DMMSetRate

Description Set the measurement rate.

#include "SMX2060.h" #include "DMMUser.h"

int DMMSetRate(int nDmm, int iRate)

Remarks This function sets the rate at which the DMM makes measurements. The allowed values

are defined in the DMMUser.h file. The rate (iRate) can be set from 1rps (RATE_1) to 100rps (RATE_100). Some of the rates have specific power line rejection as indicated in the specification part of this manual.

Parameter

nDmm

iRate

Return Value The return value is one of the following constants.

Value

DMM_OKAY

Negative Value

ERR_APERTURE

Example status = DMMSetRate(0, RATE_2); // Set to 2rps

Type/Description

int Identifies the DMM. DMMs are numbered starting with zero.

int A pre-defined constant corresponding to the desired rate.

Meaning

DMM initialized successfully.

Error code

Invalid measurement rate value entered.

47 Signametrics

DMMSetRelative

Description Set the DMM relative reading mode for the present function.

#include "SM2060.h"

int DMMSetRelative(int nDmm, int bRelative)

Remarks This function selects relative or absolute reading mode for the DMM. If the bRelative

parameter value is TRUE (1), the DMM will change to relative reading mode. If FALSE, the DMM will change to absolute reading mode.

Parameter

nDmm

bRelative

Return Value The return value is one of the following constants.

Value

DMM_OKAY

Negative Value

Example status = DMMSetRelative(0, TRUE);

Type/Description

int Identifies the DMM. DMMs are numbered starting with zero.

int TRUE (1) to enter relative mode, FALSE (0) to clear mode.

Meaning

DMM mode changed successfully.

Error code

DMMTerminate

Description Terminate DMM operation (DLL)

#include "SM2060.h"

int DMMTerminate(int nDmm)

Remarks Removes DMM number nDmm. This routine is used only where it is needed to terminate

one DMM and start a new one at the same nDmm location. Otherwise, it is not recommended to use this function.

Parameter

nDmm

Return Value The return value is one of the following constants.

Value

TRUE

FALSE

Example DMMTerminate(0); /* Terminate DMM # 0 */

Type/Description

Meaning

Signametrics 48

int Identifies the DMM to be suspended.

DMM Terminated

DMM was not initialized, termination is redundant.

5.7 Calibration Service Commands

AC_zero

Description Disable AC measurement zero funciton.

#include "SM2060.h" #include "UseroDMM.h"

int AC_zero(int nDdmm, int bACZero )

Remarks ith bACZero FALSE, the AC zero function is disabled. If TRUE it is enabled. The

default value is TRUE. Diabeling the AC Zero funciton allows the derivation of the value to be set as offset parameter for the selected ACV range. This function is used during calibration.

Parameter

iDmm Identifies the DMM. DMMs are numbered starting with zero.

bACZero Forces the AC zero to be active or inactive. Allowed values are TRUE

Return Value The return value is one of the following constants.

Value

DMM_OKAY

Negative Value

Example int err; Err = AC_zero(0, FALSE); // disable AC Zero.

Type/Description

of FALSE.

Meaning

Valid return.

Error code

DMMLoadCalFile

Description Reload calibration record from file.

#include "SM2060.h"

int DMMLoadCalFile(int nDmm, LPCSTR lpszCal)

Remarks This function provides the capability to reload the calibration record. This is useful in

making limited calibration adjustments, and verifying them. By having a copy of the original calibration file ‘SM60CAL.DAT’ open with an editor, modifying calibration parameters and then reloading using DMMLoadCalFile, one can instantly verify the corrections made. Make sure the ‘SM60CAL.DAT’ file itself is not altered since that will void the calibration.

Parameter

nDmm

Type/Description

int Identifies the DMM. DMMs are numbered starting with zero.

49 Signametrics

lpszCal

Return Value The return value is one of the following constants.

Meaning

Value

LPCSTR Points to the name of the file containing the calibration

constants for the DMM.

DMM_OKAY

Negative Value

Example /* Load a modified copy of the original calibration file to

verify correction made to a specific entry */ int i = DMMLoadCalFile(0, "C:\CAL_A.dat");

Cal record loaded successfully.

Error code

GetGain

Description Retrieve currently set gain.

#include "SM2060.h" #include "UseroDMM.h"

int GetGain(int nDmm, doulbe * lpdGain)

Remarks This function returns the currently set gain,. This is the g ain associated with the currently

selected function and range. The value should be the same as that set in the calibration record for this function and range. The gain is returned as a 64-bit double-precision floating-point number in the location pointed to by lpdGaint. This function is useful while performaing calibration. Set SetGain() function for additional details.

Parameter

Type/Description

iDmm Identifies the DMM. DMMs are numbered starting with zero.

Return Value The return value is one of the following constants.

Value

Meaning

lpdGain

DMM_OKAY

Negative Value

Example double gain; GetGain(0, &gain); // read gain

double * Points to the location to hold the gain.

Valid return.

Error code

GetOffset

Description Retrieve currently set gain.

#include "SM2060.h" #include "UseroDMM.h"

Signametrics 50

int GetOffset(int nDmm, doulbe * lpdOffset)

Remarks This function returns the currently set offset,. This is the offset associated with the

currently selected function and range. The value should be the same as that set in the calibration record for this function and range. The offset is returned as a 64-bit doubleprecision floating-point number in the location pointed to by lpdOffsett. This function is useful while performaing calibration. Set SetOffset() function for additional details.

Parameter

iDmm Identifies the DMM. DMMs are numbered starting with zero.

Return Value The return value is one of the following constants.

Value

lpdOffset

DMM_OKAY

Negative Value

Example double offst; GetOffset(0, &offst); // read gain

Type/Description

Meaning

double * Points to the location to hold the offset.

Valid return.

Error code

SetFcomp

Description Set the ACV Frequency compensation factor

#include "SM2060.h"

int SetFcomp(int nDmm, int iFcomp)

Remarks This function sets the value of the ACV frequency compensation DAC. It is used for

calibration the ACV bandwidth..

Parameter

nDmm

iFcomp

Return Value Integer error code.

Value

DMM_OKAY

Negative Value

Type/Description

int Identifies the DMM. DMMs are numbered starting with zero.

int Freqeuncy Compnensation DAC value to be set. Allowed value is

between 0 and 31.

Meaning

Operation successfully completed.

Error code

51 Signametrics

Example

SetFcomp(0, 12); // set the frequency compensation

SetOffset

Description Set the the offset correction factor

#include "SM2060.h"

int SetOffset(int nDmm, double dOffset)

Remarks This function sets the value of the offset correction factor for the currently set function

and range..

Parameter

nDmm

dOffset

Return Value Integer error code.

Value

DMM_OKAY

Negative Value

Example

SetOffset(0, 11212.0); // Assert the offset factor

Type/Description

int Identifies the DMM. DMMs are numbered starting with zero.

double Offset value to be set.

Meaning

Operation successfully completed.

Error code

Linearize_AD

Description Activate/Deactivate A/D linearization correction.

#include "SM2060.h" #include "UseroDMM.h"

int Lineaize_AD(int nDdmm, int bLinerize )

Remarks If bLinerize is set to FALSE disables the A/D Linearization correction. The default value

is TRUE. Diabeling allows for the derivation of the parameters for calibration purposes. This function is used during calibration.

Parameter

iDmm Identifies the DMM. DMMs are numbered starting with zero.

bACZero Forces the AC zero to be active or inactive. Allowed values are TRUE

Return Value The return value is one of the following constants.

Value

DMM_OKAY

Negative Value

Example int err;

Type/Description

Meaning

Signametrics 52

of FALSE.

Valid return.

Error code

Err = Linearize_AD(0, FALSE); // disable AC Zero.

Read_ADcounts

Description Read A/D offset counts.

#include "SM2060.h"

int Read_ADcounts(int nDmm)

Remarks This function returnes the A/D raw counts. It is useful for retrieving the offset parameter

for various functions, including VDC, 2-W and 4-W ohms and DC current. It is limited for service use.

Parameter

nDmm

Return Value Integer error code.

Value

Any value int Offset reading.

Example

int i = Read_ADcounts(0); // read offset parameter

Type/Description

int Identifies the DMM. DMMs are numbered starting with zero.

Meaning

53 Signametrics

5.8 Maintanance Commands

GrdXingTest

Description Perform the specified test

#include "SM2060.h"

int GrdXingTgest(int nDmm, int iNumber, int iTest)

Remarks Perform the specified test as indicated by iTest. Repeat it for iNumber times. This

function is used to perform basic H/W tests.

Parameter

nDmm

iTest

iNumber

Return Value Integer error code.

Value

DMM_OKAY

Negative Value

Example

int i = GrdXingTest(0, 1, 3); // Test Guarded controller

Type/Description

int Identifies the DMM. DMMs are numbered starting with zero.

int Test type. 0: Basic Read/Write. 1: Toggle Reset line iNumber

times. 2: High Speed Guard Crossing stimulation. 3: Guarded controller communication test. 4: Guard Crossing loopback test. 5: High Speed Guard Crossing test (SM2064).

int Number of tests to be repeated.

Meaning

Operation successfully completed.

Error code

5.9 Error Codes

Operation of the DMM may be impaired, should be aborted or is not possible following an Error. Use the DMMErrString() function, to retrieve the string describing the error.

DMM_OKAY 0 // no error DMM_E_CAL -1 // cannot open the calibration file at the specified location. DMM_E_INIT -3 // DMM must be initialized in order to execute the operation. DMM_E_IO -4 // I/O Error, DMM not responding NOT_FOUND -5 // DMM was not detected PCI bus DMM_E_CAL_R -6 // Not found a valid calibration record in specified file. ERR_AD_HW -7 // H/W Error, the A/D does not respond. ERR_HW_INIT -8 // H/W error, can't access H/W to initialize it. May be due to bad address NO_CAL_RECORD -9 // can't find a cal record for for this DMM in the specified cal file. ID_HW_ERR -10 // Can't read ID from DMM GUARD_COM -12 // Communication error with DMM uP TIMEOUT -13 // process timed out Error GUARD_XING -14 // Guard crossing is broken CONTROLR_COM -15 // Microcontroller communication error OVERRUN -16 // Communication Overrun error FRAME -17 // Communication Frame error RCV_FIFO -18 // Com receive Fifo error

Signametrics 54

PARITY -19 // Com parity error WRONG_TYPE -20 // Wrong Cal record for DMM type WRONG_GRD_VER -21 // MCU Firmwhare does not support operation CANT_OPEN_PCI -22 // Can't open PCI device. Already open ? PCI_ITEMS -23 // Card does not have all PCI items. GENERAL_ERR -24 // General Error CAL_STORE -26 // Error reading Cal record from local storage CREAT_CAL_FILE -27 // Can't create named cal file to write cal record to OPEN_CAL_FILE -28 // Can't open cal file for reading cal record CREAT_CAL_RCRD -29 // Can't create on-board Cal Record

5.10 Warning Codes

Following a warning, the DMM will continue to run normally with the exception of the fault indicated by the warning code. Use the DMMErrString() function, to retrieve the string describing the warning. This string may be used to notify the user. Based on it, an action may be taken to correct the source of the warning. Several of the warning codes are part of a normal operation. Such are DMM_CNT_RNG, which indicates that the counter requires more iterations, or the POS_FS and NEG_FS are indication that the signal level is too high for the selected range, which is normal.

DMM_E_FUNC 102 // Invalid function value used DMM_E_RNG 103 // Invalid range value used DMM_E_IS_INIT 105 // Dmm already initialized: in use ERR_FUNC 107 // Illegal function selection ERR_PARAMETER 110 // wrong parameter value UN_CALIBRATED 111 // Expired Calibration. Needs service MC_STOP 115 // Microcontroller was stopped/interruped during an operation POS_FS 116 // Positive Over Range NEG_FS 117 // Negative Over Range BUSY 118 // DMM is busy, wait for ready FUNC_INACTIVE 119 // Function can not be selected, or not available for this ty pe DMM.

5.11 Parameter List

The following definitions are from the DMMUser.H file.

5.11.1 Measurement and Source Functions

The following list contains values that set the DMM functions. Use the DMMSetFuncction() function to set these values. Use DMMGetFunction() to retrieve the value of the currently set function

#define VDC 0 DC Volts #define VAC 5 AC Volts #define IAC 10 AC Current #define IDC 14 DC Current #define OHMS4W 22 2-Wire resistance #define OHMS2W 29 4-Wire resistance #define DIODE 37 Diode test

5.11.2 Range Values

The following list contains the allowed values for range setting with DMMSetRange() function. Use the DMMGetRange() function to retrieve the currently set range

// AC and DC Volts #define _240mV 0 // five DCV ranges #define _2400mV 1

55 Signametrics

#define _24V 2 #define _240V 3 // AC Current #define _2400uAAC 0 // 2.4mA #define _24mAAC 1 // 24mA #define _240mAAC 2 #define _2400mAAC 3 // 2.4A // DC Current #define _2400uA 4 // 2.4mA #define _24mA 5 // 24mA #define _240mA 6 // 240mA #define _2400mA 7 // 2.4A // 2 Wire and 4 Wire Ohms #define _240 1 #define _2400 2 #define _24k 3 #define _240k 4 #define _2400k 5 // Two Meg range #define _24MEG 6 // 2-Wire // Diode test #define _D100n 0 //Test current = 100nA #define _D1u 1 // 1uA #define _D10u 2 // 10uA #define _D100u 3 // 100uA #define _D1m 4 // 1mA

5.11.3 Measurement Rate parameters

The following list contains the definitions for the available Apertures. Use DMMSetRate() and DMMGetRate() to set and retrieve the apertures.

#define RATE_1 1 // 1rps with 60Hz line rejection #define RATE_2 2 // 2rps with 50Hz line rejection #define RATE_3 3 // 3rps with 60Hz line rejection #define RATE_7 7 // 7rps with 50Hz line rejection #define RATE_14 14 // 14rps with 60Hz line rejection #define RATE_27 27 // 27rps with 50Hz rejection #define RATE_55 55 // 54rps with 60Hz rejection #define RATE_100 100 // 100rps with 50Hz rejection

Signametrics 56

6 Calibration

Each SM/SMX2055/60/64 DMM uses its own SM60CAL.DAT calibration record to ensure the accuracy of its functions and ranges. The SM60CAL.DAT file is a text file that contains the DMM identification number, calibration date, and calibration constants for all DMM ranges. When the DMM is installed this file is generated from an internally stored record. Once extracted, the DMM reads it from a file rather than from its on-board record, since it is faster to read from a file. For most functions, the calibration constants are scale factor and offset terms that solve an "y = mx + b" equation for each range. An input "x" is corrected using a scale factor term "m" and an offset term "b"; this gives the desired DMM reading, "y". Keep in mind that for ranges and functions that are unavailable for a particular product in the SM2060 family. The following calibration record is for the SMX2055 and it contains some placeholders for ranges that are not available with the product. An example SM60CAL.DAT follows:

card_id 8123 type 2055 calibration_date 06/15/2005 ad #A/D compensation

2.0 10 0.99995 vdc #VDC 240mV, 2.4V,24V, 240V, 330V ranges, offset and gain parameters

-386.0 0.99961

-37.0 0.999991

-83.0 0.999795

-8.8 1.00015 0 1.0 ;Place holder vac #VAC 1st line - DC offset. Than offset, gain and freq each range240mV to 330V 0 ;Place holder

0.84 1.015461 23

0.0043 1.0256 23

0.0 1.02205 0

0.0 1.031386 0 0 1.0 0 ;Place holder idc # IDC 240nA to 2.5A, 8 ranges, offset and gain 0 1 ;Place holder 0 1 ;Place holder 0 1 ;Place holder 0 1 ;Place holder

-1450.0 1.00103 ;2.4mA range

-176.0 1.00602

-1450.0 1.00482

-176.0 1.00001 ;2.4A range iac # IAC 2.4mA to 2.5A ranges, offset and gain

1.6 1.02402

0.0 1.03357

1.69 1.00513

0.0 1.0142 2w-ohm #Ohms 24, 240, 2.4k,24k,240k,2.4M,24M,240Meg ranges, offset and gain 0 1 ;Place holder

1256.0 1.002307 ;240 Ohms

110.0 1.002665

0.0 1.006304

0.0 1.003066

0.0 1.001848

0.0 0.995664 ;24 MOhms 0 1 ;Place holder

…

The first column under any function, e.g.,"vdc", is the offset term "b", expressed as a value proportional to analog-to-digital (a/d) counts. The second column is the scale factor term "m". Within each function, the "b" and "m" terms are listed with the lowest range at the beginning. For example, under "2 above, "

1.27e+4 1.002259" represents the offset term for the 24  range, and "1.002259" is the scale

factor for this range. For the ACV function, the first line in the calibration record is the DC offset value. The rest of the lines

contain the RMS offset, gain correction factor, and a third column that represents a digital code from 0 to 31 that controls the high frequency performance of each AC function. A large value, e.g., 31, implies high attenuation.

w-ohm"

57 Signametrics

The SM60CAL.DAT file is created by performing external calibration. The general calibration algorithm consists of applying a zero value to the DMM followed by a value of 2/3

of the top of each range. Calibration of your SM/SMX2055/60/64 is best performed using calibration software available from Sign ametrics.

When using multiple DMMs in a single chassis, the SM60CAL.DAT file must have a calibration record for each DMM. You can combine the unique calibration records of each DMM into one SM60CAL.DAT file using any ASCII text editor such as “notepad.exe”.

Signametrics 58

7.0 Warranty and Service

The SM2060, SM2064, SMX2055, SMX2060 and SMX2064 are warranted against defects in manufacturing and materials for a period of one year from date of purchase. Removal of any of the three external shields or any attempt to repair the unit by other than unauthorized Signametrics service personnel will invalidate your warranty. Operating the Signametrics products outside their specified limits will void the warranty. For in-warranty repairs, you must obtain a return materials authorization (RMA) from Signametrics prior to returning your unit. Customer ships products at customer’s expense. Within the USA Signametrics will ship serviced or replaced unit at Signametrics’ expense.

Warranty extensions are available at the time of purchase for terms up to 36 months, in increments of 12 months.

If your unit requires repair or calibration, contact your Signametrics representative. There are no user serviceable parts within these products.

8.0 Accessories

Several accessories are available for the SM2055 DMM, which can be purchased directly from Signametrics, or one of its distributors or representatives. These include:

 Basic DMM probes  DMM probe kit  Deluxe DMM probe set  Shielded SMT Tweezer Probes  Multi Stacking Double Banana shielded cable 36”  Multi Stacking Double Banana shielded cable 48”  Mini DIN-7 Trigger, 6-Wire Ohms connector  4-Wire Kelvin probes

59 Signametrics

Signametrics SMX2055 Operator's Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual