Signametrics SM2060, SMX2060, SMX2064, SM2064 Operator's Manual

Operator's Manual

Model SM2060 7½ Digit Digital PCI Multimeter Model SMX2060 7½ Digit Digital PXI Multimeter Model SM2064 7½ Digit High Work Load PCI Digital Multimeter Model SMX2064 7½ Digit High Work Load PXI Digital Multimeter

Signametrics Corporation

February 2005 Rev 1.1

CAUTION

In no event shall Signametrics or its Representatives are liable for any consequential damages whatsoever (including, without limitation, damages for loss of business profits, business interruption, loss of business information, or other loss) arising out of the use of or inability to use Signametrics products, even if Signametrics has been advised of the possibility of such damages. Because some states do not allow the exclusion or limitation of liability for consequential damages, the above limitations may not apply to you.

reproduced in any form without the permission of Signametrics Corporation.

Signametrics 2

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.0 INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................................................................8

1.1 S

AFETY CONSIDERATIONS

1.2 M

INIMUM REQUIREMENTS

1.3 F

EATURE SET

2.0 SPECIFICATIONS.............................................................................................................................................10

2.1 DC V

2.2 DC C

2.3 R

2.4 AC V

2.5 AC C

2.6 L

2.7 RTD T

2.8 T

2.9 A

2.10 T

2.11 T

2.12 M

2.13 S

2.14 A

2.15 O

OLTAGE MEASUREMENT

URRENT MEASUREMENT

ESISTANCE MEASUREMENTS

2.3.1 2-wire.....................................................................................................................................11

2.3.2 4-wire.....................................................................................................................................11

2.3.3 6-wire Guarded Resistance Measurement (SM2064)............................................................11

2.3.4 Extended Resistance Measurements (SM2064) .....................................................................12

OLTAGE MEASUREMENTS

2.4.1 AC Voltage True RMS Measurement.....................................................................................12

2.4.2 AC Peak-to-Peak Measurement (SM2064)............................................................................14

2.4.3 AC Crest Factor Measurement (SM2064) .............................................................................15

2.4.4 AC Median Value Measurement (SM2064)...........................................................................15

URRENT MEASUREMENT

EAKAGE MEASUREMENT

HERMOCOUPLE TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT

DDITIONAL COMPONENT MEASUREMENT CAPABILITY

2.9.1 Diode Characterization .........................................................................................................17

2.9.2 Capacitance, Ramp Method (SM2064)..................................................................................17

2.9.3 Capacitance, In-Circuit Method (SM2064)..........................................................................19

2.9.4 Inductance Measurement (SM2064)......................................................................................19

IME MEASUREMENTS

2.10.1 Threshold DAC ....................................................................................................................19

2.10.2 Frequency and Period Measurement...................................................................................20

2.10.3 Duty Cycle Measurement.....................................................................................................20

2.10.4 Pulse Width..........................................................................................................................20

2.10.5 Totalizer...............................................................................................................................21

RIGGER FUNCTIONS

2.11.1 External Hardware Trigger (at DIN-7 connector) ..............................................................21

2.11.2 Analog Threshold Trigger....................................................................................................21

2.11.3 Delayed Hardware Trigger..................................................................................................21

EASUREMENT APERTURE AND READ INTERVAL

OURCE FUNCTIONS

2.13.1 DC Voltage Source ..............................................................................................................24

2.13.2 AC Voltage Source...............................................................................................................24

2.13.3 DC Current Source..............................................................................................................24

CCURACY NOTES

THER SPECIFICATIONS

.............................................................................................................................................9

EMPERATURE MEASUREMENT

..........................................................................................................................8

.........................................................................................................................9

.................................................................................................................10

..................................................................................................................11

...............................................................................................................12

, T

RUE

RMS .............................................................................................15

(SM2064) ......................................................................................................16

(SM2064) .....................................................................................16

(SM2064) ...................................................................17

..........................................................................17

...........................................................................................................................19

.............................................................................................................................21

..................................................................................21

(SMX2064)...........................................................................................................23

.................................................................................................................................24

.........................................................................................................................25

3.0 GETTING STARTED.........................................................................................................................................27

3.1 S

ETTING THE

3.2 I

NSTALLING THE

3.3 I

NSTALLING THE SOFTWARE

3.4 DMM I

3.5 S

TARTING THE CONTROL PANEL

3.6 U

SING THE CONTROL PANEL

4.0 DMM OPERATION AND MEASUREMENT TUTORIAL...........................................................................32

DMM .................................................................................................................................27

DMM M

NPUT CONNECTORS

ODULE

.............................................................................................................27

....................................................................................................................27

......................................................................................................................28

..............................................................................................................29

....................................................................................................................30

3 Signametrics

4.1 V

OLTAGE MEASUREMENT

4.1.1 DC Voltage Measurements ....................................................................................................32

4.1.2 True RMS AC Voltage Measurements ...................................................................................32

4.1.3 AC Peak-to-Peak and Crest Factor (SM2064)......................................................................33

4.1.4 AC Median Value Measurement (SM2064)...........................................................................33

4.2 C

URRENT MEASUREMENTS

4.2.1 Extended DC Current Measurements (SM2064) ...................................................................34

4.2.2 Improving DC Current Measurements ..................................................................................34

4.2.3 DC Current Measurements at a specific voltage...................................................................34

4.3 R

ESISTANCE MEASUREMENTS

4.3.1 2-Wire Ohm Measurements ...................................................................................................35

4.3.2 4-Wire Ohm Measurements ...................................................................................................35

4.3.3 Using Offset Ohms function (SM2064)..................................................................................36

4.3.4 6-wire Guarded Resistance Measurement (SM2064)............................................................36

4.3.5 Extended Resistance Measurements (SM2064) .....................................................................37

4.3.6 Effects of Thermo-Voltaic Offset ............................................................................................38

4.3.7 Guarding High Value Resistance Measurements (SM2064) .................................................39

4.4 L

EAKAGE MEASUREMENTS

4.5 M

EASUREMENT TIMING

4.5.1 Aperture.................................................................................................................................40

4.5.2 Read Interval..........................................................................................................................40

4.6 RTD T

4.7 I

4.8 D

4.9 C

4.10 IN-C

4.11 I

4.12 C

4.13 T

4.14 F

4.15 S

4.16 I

4.17 M

4.18 U

EMPERATURE MEASUREMENT

NTERNAL TEMPERATURE

IODE CHARACTERIZATION

APACITANCE MEASUREMENT

IRCUIT CAPACITANCE MEASUREMENT

NDUCTANCE MEASUREMENT

HARACTERISTIC IMPEDANCE MEASUREMENT

RIGGER OPERATION

4.13.1 External Hardware Trigger.................................................................................................44

4.13.2 Analog Threshold Trigger....................................................................................................45

4.13.3 Software Generated Triggered Operations..........................................................................45

REQUENCY AND TIME MEASUREMENTS

4.14.1 Threshold DAC ....................................................................................................................47

4.14.2 Frequency and Period Measurements .................................................................................48

4.14.3 Duty Cycle Measurement.....................................................................................................48

4.14.4 Pulse Width..........................................................................................................................48

4.14.5 Totalizer Event Counter.......................................................................................................48

OURCING FUNCTIONS

4.15.1 DC Voltage Source ..............................................................................................................49

4.15.2 AC Voltage Source...............................................................................................................50

4.15.3 DC Current Source..............................................................................................................51

4.15.4 Source Current - Measure Voltage......................................................................................51

NTERFACING TO THE

4.16.1 Triggering the SM2060 DMM’s...........................................................................................51

4.16.2 Multiplexing with the SM2060 DMM’s................................................................................52

4.16.3 Interface Commands and Timing .........................................................................................52

EASURING TEMPERATURE WITH THERMOCOUPLES

SING THE

PXI

BUS TRIGGER FACILITIES

4.18.1 Selecting PXI Trigger Outputs.............................................................................................53

4.18.2 Selecting PXI Trigger Inputs ...............................................................................................54

........................................................................................................................32

......................................................................................................................33

..................................................................................................................35

(SM2064)..................................................................................................... 39

...........................................................................................................................40

(SM2064) .......................................................................................................42

.....................................................................................................................42

(SM2064) ...............................................................................................43

(SM2064) ............................................................................................... 44

.............................................................................................................................44

(SM2064)..........................................................................................................49

SM4040

SERIES RELAY SCANNERS

(SM2064) .....................................................................................42

(SM2064) ..........................................................................43

(SM2064)..................................................................... 44

...............................................................................................47

......................................................................51

.............................................................................53

(SMX2064)..........................................................................53

5.0 WINDOWS INTERFACE..................................................................................................................................55

5.1 D

ISTRIBUTION FILES

5.2 U

SING THE

5.3 V

ISUAL BASIC FRONT PANEL APPLICATION

5.4 W

INDOWS

SM2060 D

5.2.1 Multiple Card Operations under Windows............................................................................57

5.3.1 Visual Basic Simple Application............................................................................................59

DLL D

EFAULT MODES AND PARAMETERS

Signametrics 4

................................................................................................................................55

RIVER WITH

C++

OR SIMILAR SOFTWARE

.............................................................................................58

............................................................57

.............................................................................60

5.5 U

SING THE

5.6 W

INDOWS COMMAND LANGUAGE

SM2060 DLL

DMMArmAnalogTrigger ................................................................................................................60

DMMArmTrigger............................................................................................................................62

DMMBurstBuffRead .......................................................................................................................63

DMMBurstRead..............................................................................................................................64

DMMCalibrate................................................................................................................................65

DMMCleanRelay ............................................................................................................................66

DMMClearBuffer............................................................................................................................67

DMMClearMinMax ........................................................................................................................67

DMMClosePCI ...............................................................................................................................68

DMMDelay .....................................................................................................................................68

DMMDelayedTrigger .....................................................................................................................69

DMMDisableTrimDAC...................................................................................................................70

DMMDisArmTrigger ......................................................................................................................70

DMMDutyCycleStr .........................................................................................................................71

DMMErrString................................................................................................................................71

DMMFrequencyStr.........................................................................................................................72

DMMGetACCapsR .........................................................................................................................73

DMMGetAperture...........................................................................................................................73

DMMGetBufferSize.........................................................................................................................74

DMMGetBusInfo.............................................................................................................................74

DMMGetCalDate............................................................................................................................75

DMMGetdB.....................................................................................................................................76

DMMGetdBStr................................................................................................................................76

DMMGetCJTemp............................................................................................................................77

DMMGetDeviation .........................................................................................................................77

DMMGetDeviatStr..........................................................................................................................78

DMMGetFuncRange.......................................................................................................................78

DMMGetFunction...........................................................................................................................79

DMMGetGrdVer.............................................................................................................................79

DMMGetHwVer..............................................................................................................................80

DMMGetID.....................................................................................................................................80

DMMGetManDate..........................................................................................................................81

DMMGetMax..................................................................................................................................82

DMMGetMaxStr .............................................................................................................................82

DMMGetMin...................................................................................................................................83

DMMGetMinStr.............................................................................................................................. 83

DMMGetRange...............................................................................................................................84

DMMGetReadInterval ....................................................................................................................85

DMMGetSourceFreq ......................................................................................................................85

DMMGetTCType.............................................................................................................................86

DMMGetTriggerInfo.......................................................................................................................86

DMMGetType .................................................................................................................................87

DMMGetVer ...................................................................................................................................87

DMMInit .........................................................................................................................................88

DMMIsAutoRange ..........................................................................................................................88

DMMIsInitialized............................................................................................................................89

DMMIsRelative...............................................................................................................................89

DMMOpenPCI................................................................................................................................90

DMMOpenCalACCaps...................................................................................................................90

DMMOpenTerminalCal..................................................................................................................91

DMMPeriodStr ...............................................................................................................................92

DMMPolledRead ............................................................................................................................92

DMMPolledReadCmd.....................................................................................................................93

DMMPolledReadStr........................................................................................................................94

DMMQuickInit................................................................................................................................94

DMMRead.......................................................................................................................................95

DMMReadBuffer.............................................................................................................................96

DMMReadBufferStr........................................................................................................................97

WITH LABWINDOWS

...........................................................................................................60

/CVI®............................................................................60

5 Signametrics

DMMReadCJTemp .........................................................................................................................97

DMMReadCrestFactor ...................................................................................................................98

DMMReadDutyCycle......................................................................................................................99

DMMReadFrequency......................................................................................................................99

DMMReadInductorQ....................................................................................................................100

DMMReadMeasurement...............................................................................................................101

DMMReadMedian......................................................................................................................... 101

DMMReadNorm............................................................................................................................102

DMMReadPeakToPeak.................................................................................................................102

DMMReadPeriod..........................................................................................................................103

DMMReadStr................................................................................................................................104

DMMReadTotalizer ......................................................................................................................105

DMMReadWidth...........................................................................................................................105

DMMReady...................................................................................................................................106

DMMSetACCapsDelay .................................................................................................................106

DMMSetACCapsLevel..................................................................................................................107

DMMSetACVSource .....................................................................................................................107

DMMSetAperture..........................................................................................................................108

DMMSetAutoRange ......................................................................................................................109

DMMSetBuffTrigRead ..................................................................................................................109

DMMSetCapsAveSamp.................................................................................................................110

DMMSetCJTemp...........................................................................................................................111

DMMSetCompThreshold ..............................................................................................................112

DMMSetCounterRng..................................................................................................................... 112

DMMSetDCISource......................................................................................................................113

DMMSetDCVSource.....................................................................................................................114

DMMSetFastRMS.........................................................................................................................115

DMMSetFuncRange......................................................................................................................115

DMMSetFunction..........................................................................................................................116

DMMSetInductFreq......................................................................................................................116

DMMSetOffsetOhms.....................................................................................................................117

DMMSetPXITrigger......................................................................................................................117

DMMSetRange..............................................................................................................................118

DMMSetReadInterval...................................................................................................................119

DMMSetReference........................................................................................................................119

DMMSetRelative...........................................................................................................................120

DMMSetRTD ................................................................................................................................121

DMMSetSensorParams.................................................................................................................122

DMMSetSourceMode....................................................................................................................122

DMMSetSync ................................................................................................................................123

DMMSetTCType ........................................................................................................................... 124

DMMSetTempUnits....................................................................................................................... 124

DMMSetTrigPolarity....................................................................................................................125

DMMSetTrigRead.........................................................................................................................125

DMMSetTrimDAC ........................................................................................................................126

DMMStartTotalizer.......................................................................................................................127

DMMStopTotalizer .......................................................................................................................128

DMMTerminate.............................................................................................................................128

DMMTrigger.................................................................................................................................129

DMMTriggerBurst........................................................................................................................ 130

DMMWidthStr...............................................................................................................................131

5.7 C

ALIBRATION SERVICE COMMANDS

AC_zero ........................................................................................................................................133

DMMLoadCalFile.........................................................................................................................133

GetGain.........................................................................................................................................134

GetOffset.......................................................................................................................................134

SetFcomp ......................................................................................................................................135

SetOffset........................................................................................................................................136

Linearize_AD................................................................................................................................136

Read_ADcounts ............................................................................................................................137

......................................................................................................133

Signametrics 6

5.8 M

AINTANANCE COMMANDS

GrdXingTest ..................................................................................................................................138

5.7 E

RROR CODES

5.8 W

ARNING CODES

..................................................................................................................138

........................................................................................................................................138

...................................................................................................................................139

6.0 MAINTENANCE ..............................................................................................................................................139

6.1 P

ERFORMANCE TESTS

6.2 DC V

6.3 R

6.4 R

6.5 AC V

6.6 DC C

6.7 AC C N

OTE

6.8 C

6.8 I

6.9 F

6.10 C

OLTAGE TEST

ESISTANCE TEST

OLTAGE TEST

URRENT TEST

: S

OME RANGES APPLY TO

APACITANCE TEST

NDUCTANCE TEST

REQUENCY COUNTER TEST

ALIBRATION

............................................................................................................................141

................................................................................................................................141

, 2-

WIRE

.....................................................................................................................142

, 4-

WIRE

.....................................................................................................................143

................................................................................................................................144

................................................................................................................................145

................................................................................................................................146

2064

ONLY

. P

(SM2064

LEASE REFER TO CHAPTER

ONLY

) ....................................................................................................147

ONLY

) ...................................................................................................... 148

( SM2064

ONLY

) ......................................................................................149

2.0 (S

PECIFICATION

). .................146

.......................................................................................................................................150

7.0 WARRANTY AND SERVICE.........................................................................................................................152

8.0 ACCESSORIES.................................................................................................................................................152

7 Signametrics

1.0 Introduction

Congratulations! You have purchased a Personal Computer (PC) Plug-in instrument with analog and systems performance that rivals the best, all-in-one box, instruments. The SM2060 and SMX2064 Digital Multimeters (DMM’s) are easy to setup and use, have sophisticated analog and digital circuitry to provide very repeatable measurements, and are protected to handle any unexpected situations your measurement environment may encounter. To get years of reliable service from these DMM’s, please take a few moments and review this manual before installing and using this precision instrument.

This manual describes the SM2060 and SM2064 DMM’s. The SMX2060 is identical to the SM2060 and the SMX2064 is identical to the SM2064. The only difference is the bus type. The SM206X is a PCI module, while the SMX206X is a PXI/cPCI module.

Note: In this manual, all references made to the "SM2060" are applicable to the SMX2060, and references to the “SM2064” are applicable to the SMX2064. References to “DMM” apply to the SM2060, SMX2060, SM2064 and SMX2064. Features unique to the SM2064 will be identified as such.

1.1 Safety Considerations

Safety Considerations

The SM2060 series of DMM’s is capable of measuring up to 300 VDC or 250 VAC across the Volt HI and LO terminals, and can also measure common mode signals that "float" the DMM above EARTH ground by up to 300 VDC or 250 VAC. When making common mode measurements, the majority of the

circuits inside the DMM are at the common mode voltage. These voltages can be lethal and can KILL!

During and after installing your DMM, check to see that there are no wires or ribbon cables from your PC trapped inside the DMM.

The DMM comes installed with four shields (bottom, top and two edge strips) that must not be removed for performance as well as safety reasons. Removal of these shields and/or improper assembly of the

shields can result in lethal voltages occurring within your PC. Be sure to check your installation before closing the cover on your personal computer.

Warning

Check to see that no loose wires or ribbon cables infringe upon any of the internal circuits of the DMM, as this may apply measurement voltages to your computer, causing electrocution and/or damage to your computer!

To avoid shock hazard, install the DMM only into a computer that has its power connector connected to a power receptacle with an earth safety ground.

When making any measurements above 50 VDC or 40 VAC, only use Safety Test Leads. Examples

of these are the Signametrics Basic Test Leads and Deluxe Test Leads, offered as an accessory with the Signametrics DMM’s.

Signametrics 8

1.2 Minimum Requirements

The SM2060 series of system DMM’s are precision plug-in modules that are compatible with IBM type personal computers (PCs), PXI and cPCI chassis. It requires as a minimum a Pentiums computer. They require a half-length expansion slot on the PCI bus or 3U PXI slot. A mouse must be installed when controlling the DMM from the Windows Control Panel. The SM2060 comes with a Windows' DLL, for operation with Windows' Version

95/98/Me/2000/XP and NT4.0.

1.3 Feature Set

The base unit, the SM2060, has traditional 7-1/2 digit features and it can be used as a general purpose DMM, where accuracy and speed are important. The High Workload Multi Function SM2064 adds timing, capacitance, inductance, sourcing and a lot more speed. With its specialized measurements, it can replace some costly instruments, shrinking the size and cost of a test system.

SM2060 and SM2064 7½ Digit DMM’s feature table:

Function SM/SMX2060

DMM

DCV five ranges 240mV to 330V ACV five ranges 240mV to 330V 2-Wire Ohms, six ranges 240 Ω to 24 MΩ √ √ 4-Wire Ohms, six ranges 240 Ω to 24 MΩ √ √ DC current, four ranges 2.4 mA to 2.4 A AC current, four ranges 2.4 mA to 2.4 A Diode V/I characteristics at 100 ηA to 1mA √ √ (plus 10mA) Auto range, Relative Min/Max, dB and percent deviation functions On board measurement buffer External and threshold trigger Thermocouples type;

High Dynamic range; +24,000,000 counts

Frequency / Period measurement Measurement rate: 0.2 to 1,400/sec Measurement rate: to 20,000/sec Capacitance, ramp type, eight ranges, 1 nF to 10 mF Capacitance, In-Circuit method five ranges, 24nF to 2.4mF Inductance, six ranges 33 µH to 3.3 H Internal DMM temperature sensor Offset Ohms Temperature types pt385, 3911, 3916, 3926, Copper, variable Ro Pulse width, pos./neg., & duty cycle Totalizer/event counter Variable threshold DAC; all timing measure. Peak to Peak, Crest factor, Median Six wire Ohms (with force/sense) DCV source to ±10.0 V ACV source 0 to 20 V pk-pk, 2 Hz to 75 KHz DC current source, 1 nA to 12.5 mA Leakage measurement to ±10.0V three ranges 240nA, 2.4uA, 25uA

Expanded ranges

2-Wire Ohms two additional ranges 24 Ω and 240 MΩ 4-Wire Ohms additional range 24 Ω Resistance with V&I limits (to 10GΩ) DC Current four additional ranges 240nA, 2.4µA, 24µA, 240µA

B, E, J, K, N, R, S, T

√ √ √ √

√ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

SM/SMX2064

High Workload

DMM

√ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

9 Signametrics

2.0 Specifications

The following specifications are based on both, verification of large number of units as well as mathematical evaluation. They should be considered under the environment specified.

It is important to note that a DMM specified range is expressed as a numeric value indicating the highest absolute voltage that can be measured. The lowest value that can be detected is expressed by the corresponding resolution for the range.

2.1 DC Voltage Measurement

Input Characteristics

• Input Resistance 240 mV, 2.4 V Ranges: >10 GΩ, with typical leakage of 50pA

• Input Resistance 24 V, 240 V, 330V Ranges: 10.00 MΩ

Accuracy ± (% of reading + Volts) [1]

Range Full Scale

7-½ Digits

240 mV 240.00000 mV

2.4 V 2.4000000 V 24 V 24.000000 V

240 V 240.00000 V 330 V

330.00000 V

Resolution 24 hours

23°C ± 1°C

10 ηV 0.003 + 1 µV 0.004 + 1.5 µV 0.005 + 2 µV

100 ηV 0.002 + 3 µV 0.0025 + 5 µV 0.003 + 10 µV

1 µV 0.003 + 150 µV 0.004 + 250 µV 0.005 + 300 µV

10 µV

0.004 + 200 µV 0.005 + 300 µV

10 µV

0.005 + 250 µV 0.01+ 400 µV

90 Days 23°C ± 5°C

One Year 23°C ± 5°C

0.006 + 0.5 mV

0.015 + 0.7 mV

[1] With Aperture set to  0.5 Sec, and within one hour from Self Calibration (S-Cal).

For resolution at smaller Apertures, see the following table. Use this table for DC Volts, DC current and Resistance measurements.

Measurement Aperture

SM2060, SM2064

Maximum reading

rate

Resolution

0.5 s < Aperture 2 / second 7-1/2 digits 25 bits

10 ms < Aperture 100 / second 6-1/2 digits 22 bits 625µs < Aperture

1200 / second 5-1/2 digits 18 bits

2.5us < Aperture [2] 20,000 / second [2] 4-1/2 digits 14 bits

[2] Available only with the SM2064.

DCV Noise Rejection Normal Mode Rejection, at 50, 60, or 400 Hz ± 0.5%, is better than 95 dB for apertures of 0.160s and higher. Common Mode Rejection (with 1 kΩ lead imbalance) is better

than 120 dB for these conditions.

2.2 DC Current Measurement

Input Characteristics

• Number of shunts Five in SM2064, two in the SM2060

• Protected with 2.5A Fast blow fuse

Accuracy ± (% of reading + Amps) [1]

Range Full Scale

6-½ Digits

240 ηA [2] 240.0000 ηA

2.4 µA [2] 2.400000 µA 24 µA [2] 24.00000 µA

240 µA [2] 240.000 µA 10 ηA

2.4 mA 2.40000 mA 24 mA 24.0000 mA

240 mA 240.000 mA

2.4 A 2.40000 A

Resolution Max Burden

Voltage

0.1 pA 1 pA

10 pA

10 ηA

100 ηA

1 µA 10 µA

100 µV 100 µV 100 µV

2.5mV 25mV 250mV 55mV 520mV

24 hours 23°C ± 5°C

0.07 + 40pA 0.1 + 45pA 0.17 + 60pA

0.05 + 70pA 0.08 + 90pA 0.21 + 150pA

0.05 + 400pA 0.08 + 600pA 0.13 + 0.8nA

0.052 + 200 ηA 0.07 + 300 ηA 0.1 + 400 ηA

0.05 + 300 ηA 0.06 + 400 ηA 0.07 + 550 ηA

0.05 + 350 ηA 0.065 + 450 ηA 0.08 + 550 ηA

0.05 + 50 µA 0.055 + 60 µA 0.065 + 80 µA

0.3 + 60 µA 0.4 + 70 µA 0.45 + 90 µA

90 Days 23°C ± 5°C

[1] With Aperture set to  0.96 Sec, and within one hour from Zero (Relative control). [2] Available only with the SM2064.

One Year 23°C ± 5°C

Signametrics 10

2.3 Resistance Measurements

2.3.1 2-wire

Accuracy ± (% of reading + Ω) [1]

Range [4] Full Scale

7 ½ Digits

24 Ω[3] 24.000000 Ω 1 µΩ 240 Ω 240.00000 Ω 10 µΩ

2.4 kΩ 2.4000000 kΩ 100 µΩ 24 kΩ 24.000000 kΩ 1 mΩ 100 µA 0.0025 + 300 mΩ 0.004 + 330 mΩ 0.006 + 350 mΩ 240 kΩ 240.00000 kΩ 10 mΩ 10 µA 0.0055 + 3.2 Ω 0.006 + 4 Ω 0.007 + 5 Ω

2.4 MΩ 2.4000000 MΩ 100 mΩ 1 µA 0.018 + 40 Ω 0.03 + 50 Ω 0.04 + 70 Ω 24 MΩ 24.0000 MΩ 100 Ω 240 MΩ[3] 240.000 MΩ 1 kΩ

Resolution Source

current 10 mA 1 mA 1 mA

100 nA 10 nA

24 hours 23°C ± 1°C

0.0038 + 1.4 mΩ [2] 0.005 + 1.6 mΩ [2] 0.008 + 2 mΩ [2]

0.0037 + 4.5 mΩ [2] 0.0046 + 5 mΩ [2] 0.007 + 6 mΩ [2]

0.0023 + 28 mΩ 0.004 + 32 mΩ 0.006 + 33 mΩ

0.12 + 400 Ω 0.13 + 500 Ω 0.2 + 600 Ω

0.8 + 20 kΩ 1.0 + 30 kΩ 1.3 + 50 kΩ

90 Days 23°C ± 5°C

One Year 23°C ± 5°C

[1] With Aperture set to  0.5 Sec, and within one hour from Self Calibration (S-Cal). [2] Use of S-Cal and Relative to improve measurement floor. [3] Ranges are only available with the SM2064.

Ω

[4] Test voltages are 2.4V max with the exception of the 24

and 240 Ω ranges 240 mV.

2.3.2 4-wire

Accuracy ± (% of reading + Ω) [1]

Range [4] Full Scale

7 ½ Digits

24 Ω [3] 24.000000 Ω 1 µΩ 240 Ω 240.00000 Ω 10 µΩ

2.4 kΩ 2.4000000 kΩ 100 µΩ 24 kΩ 24.000000 kΩ 1 mΩ 100 µA 0.0025 + 300 mΩ 0.004 + 330 mΩ 0.006 + 350 mΩ 240 kΩ 240.00000 kΩ 10 mΩ 10 µA 0.0055 + 3.2 Ω 0.007 + 4 Ω 0.007 + 5 Ω

2.4 MΩ 2.4000000 MΩ 100 mΩ 1 µA 0.018 + 40 Ω 0.03 + 50 Ω 0.04 + 70 Ω 24 MΩ 24.0000 MΩ 100 Ω

Resolution Source

current 10 mA 1 mA 1 mA

100 nA

24 hours 23°C ± 1°C

0.0038 + 0.7 mΩ [2] 0.005 + 0.8 mΩ [2] 0.008 + 1 mΩ [2]

0.0037 + 3 mΩ [2] 0.0046 + 4 mΩ [2] 0.007 + 5 mΩ [2]

0.0023 + 28 mΩ 0.004 + 32 mΩ 0.006 + 33 mΩ

0.12 + 400 Ω 0.13 + 500 Ω 0.2 + 600 Ω

90 Days 23°C ± 5°C

One Year 23°C ± 5°C

[1] With Aperture set to  0.5 Sec, and within one hour from Self Calibration (S-Cal). [2] Use of Relative to facilitate indicated floor (adder part of spec). [3] 24 Ω range only available with SM2064.

Ω

[4] Test voltages are 2.4V max with the exception of the 24

and 240 Ω ranges 240 mV.

2.3.3 6-wire Guarded Resistance Measurement (SM2064)

This is an in-circuit forced guard measurement method, as implemented in ICT testers. Add this typical additional error to the above specification.

Range Guard forced current

24 Ω [3] 240 Ω

2.4 kΩ 24 kΩ 100 µA 0.03 + 1 Ω 240 kΩ 10 µA 0.35 + 10 Ω 24 MΩ 1 µA 0.85 + 1000 Ω

[1] This table should be used in conjunction with the 2-wire and 4-wire table above.

10 mA 1 mA 1 mA

Accuracy ± (% of reading + Ω)

One Year 23°C ± 5°C [1]

0.3 + 4 mΩ

0.003 + 20 mΩ

0.005 + 100 mΩ

11 Signametrics

2.3.4 Extended Resistance Measurements (SM2064)

Characteristics

• Test Voltage Adjustable between -10V and +10V in 5mV steps

Accuracy ± (% of reading + Amps) [1]

Range

400kΩ

4MΩ

40MΩ

Measurement range

1kΩ to 100MΩ

10kΩ to 1GΩ

100kΩ to 10GΩ

Resol ution

10Ω

100Ω

1kΩ

Current Limit [3] 90 Days

25µA

2.5µA 250nA

23°C ± 5°C

0.2 +

50Ω

0.3 +

350Ω

0.4 +

3kΩ

One Year 23°C ± 5°C

0.33 + 90Ω

0.43 +

0.55 + 4.5kΩ

550Ω

[1] With Aperture set to  0.5 Sec, and within one hour from Zero (Relative control). [2] Multiply “% of reading” by 1/Voltage Source for applied voltages below 1V [3] Limit is reached when the test current exceeds the Current Limit, or it is below 0.04% of this value.

2.4 AC Voltage Measurements

Input Characteristics

• Input Resistance 1 MΩ, shunted by < 300 pF, all ranges

• Max. Crest Factor 4 at Full Scale, increasing to 7 at Lowest Specified Voltage

• AC coupled Specified range: 10 Hz to 100 kHz

• Typical Settling time < 0.5 sec to within 0.1% of final value

• Typical Settling time Fast RMS < 0.05 sec to within 0.1% of final value

2.4.1 AC Voltage True RMS Measurement

Range Full Scale 7-½ Digits Lowest specified Voltage Resolution

240 mV 240.0000 mV 5 mV [1]

2.4 V 2.400000 V 10 mV 24 V 24.00000 V 100 mV

240 V 240.0000 V 1 V 330 V

[1] Between 5 mV and 10 mV, add 100 µV additional errors to the accuracy table below. [2] Signal is limited to 8x10 32 kHz, or 8x10

330.0000 V 2 V

Volt Hz Product. For example, the largest frequency input at 250 V is

Volt x Hz.

100 ηV

1 µV

10 µV 100 µV 100 µV

Signametrics 12

AC Volts Accuracy with Fast RMS disabled (default).

With Fast RMS disabled, settling time to rated accuracy is within 0.5 s. Accuracy ± (% of reading + Volts) [1]

Range Frequency 24 hours

23°C ± 1°C

240 mV

2.4 V

24 V

240 V

330 V

10 Hz - 20 Hz 20 Hz - 47 Hz 47 Hz - 10 kHz 10 kHz - 50 kHz 50 kHz - 100 kHz 10 Hz - 20 Hz 3.0 + 2 mV 3.1 + 2.2 mV 3.2 + 2.5 mV 20 Hz - 47 Hz 0.93 + 1.3 mV 0.96 + 1.5 mV 1.0 + 1.7 mV 47 Hz - 10 kHz 0.05 + 1 mV 0.055 + 1.1 mV 0.065 + 1.2 mV 10 kHz - 50 kHz 0.62 + 1.2 mV 0.65 + 1.3 mV 0.70 + 1.5 mV 50 kHz - 100 kHz 5.1 + 1.5 mV 5.2 + 1.7 mV 5.3 + 2 mV 10 Hz - 20 Hz 3.0 + 14 mV 3.1 + 16 mV 3.3 + 20 mV 20 Hz - 47 Hz 0.93 + 12 mV 0.96 + 14 mV 1.0 + 16 mV 47 Hz - 10 kHz 0.06 + 10 mV 0.065 + 11 mV 0.073 + 13 mV 10 kHz - 50 kHz 0.31 + 18 mV 0.33 + 21 mV 0.35 + 25 mV 50 kHz - 100 kHz 2.0 + 30 mV 2.2 + 35 mV 2.4 + 40 mV 10 Hz - 20 Hz 3.0 + 140 mV 3.1 + 160 mV 3.3 + 200 mV 20 Hz - 47 Hz 0.93 + 120 mV 0.96 + 130 mV 1.0 + 150 mV 47 Hz - 10 kHz 0.04 + 100 mV 0.045 + 110 mV 0.06 + 130 mV 10 kHz - 50 kHz 0.32 + 150 mV 0.4 + 170 mV 0.45 + 200 mV 50 kHz - 100 kHz 2.5 + 200 mV 2.8 + 240 mV 3.2 + 300 mV 10 Hz - 20 Hz 3.0 + 200 mV 3.1 + 160 mV 3.3 + 200 mV 20 Hz - 47 Hz 1.0 + 180 mV 1.1 + 200 mV 1.1 + 250 mV 47 Hz - 10 kHz 0.05 + 150 mV 0.07 + 200 mV 0.08 + 230 mV 10 kHz - 50 kHz 0.34 + 200 mV 0.45 + 250 mV 0.5 + 300 mV 50 kHz - 100 kHz 2.5 + 270 mV 2.8 + 350 mV 3.2 + 400 mV

3.0 + 350 µV 3.1 + 380 µV 3.2 + 430 µV

0.92 + 150 µV 0.93 + 170 µV 0.95 + 200 µV

0.13 + 100 µV 0.14 + 110 µV 0.15 + 120 µV

0.55 + 160 µV 0.6 + 200 µV 0.63 + 230 µV

5.3 + 350 µV 5.4 + 370 µV 5.6 + 400 µV

90 Days 23°C ± 5°C

One Year 23°C ± 5°C

ACV Noise Rejection Common Mode rejection, for 50 Hz or 60 Hz with 1 kΩ imbalance in either lead, is better

than 60 dB.

AC Volts Accuracy with Fast RMS enabled.

13 Signametrics

Fast RMS settles to rated accuracy within 50ms.

Accuracy ± (% of reading + Volts) [1]

Range Frequency 24 hours

23°C ± 1°C

240 mV

2.4 V

24 V

240 V

330 V

350 Hz - 800 Hz 800 Hz - 10 kHz 10 kHz - 50 kHz 50 kHz - 100 kHz 350 Hz - 800 Hz 0.93 + 1.3 mV 0.96 + 1.5 mV 1.0 + 1.7 mV 800 Hz - 10 kHz 0.068 + 1 mV 0.075 + 1.1 mV 0.08 + 1.2 mV 10 kHz - 50 kHz 0.62 + 1.2 mV 0.65 + 1.3 mV 0.70 + 1.5 mV 50 kHz - 100 kHz 5.1 + 1.5 mV 5.2 + 1.7 mV 5.3 + 2 mV 350 Hz - 800 Hz 0.93 + 12 mV 0.96 + 14 mV 1.0 + 16 mV 800 Hz - 10 kHz 0.065 + 10 mV 0.068 + 11 mV 0.073 + 13 mV 10 kHz - 50 kHz 0.31 + 18 mV 0.33 + 21 mV 0.35 + 25 mV 50 kHz - 100 kHz 2.0 + 30 mV 2.2 + 35 mV 2.4 + 40 mV 350 Hz - 800 Hz 0.93 + 120 mV 0.96 + 130 mV 1.0 + 150 mV 800 Hz - 10 kHz 0.062 + 100 mV 0.065 + 110 mV 0.08 + 130 mV 10 kHz - 50 kHz 0.32 + 150 mV 0.4 + 170 mV 0.45 + 200 mV 50 kHz - 100 kHz 2.5 + 200 mV 2.8 + 240 mV 3.2 + 300 mV 350 Hz - 800 Hz 1.0 + 180 mV 1.1 + 200 mV 1.1 + 250 mV 800 Hz - 10 kHz 0.065 + 150 mV 0.07 + 200 mV 0.08 + 230 mV 10 kHz - 50 kHz 0.34 + 200 mV 0.45 + 250 mV 0.5 + 300 mV 50 kHz - 100 kHz 2.5 + 270 mV 2.8 + 350 mV 3.2 + 400 mV

0.6 + 150 µV 0.65 + 170 µV 0.7 + 200 µV

0.13 + 100 µV 0.14 + 110 µV 0.15 + 120 µV

0.55 + 160 µV 0.6 + 200 µV 0.63 + 230 µV

5.3 + 350 µV 5.4 + 370 µV 5.6 + 400 µV

90 Days 23°C ± 5°C

One Year 23°C ± 5°C

AC Volts Accuracy with Slow RMS (default).

Settles to rated accuracy within 1X to 10X signal period, settable by user.

Range Frequency 24 hours

23°C ± 1°C

240 mV

2.4 V

24 V

240 V

330 V

0.5 Hz - 10 Hz 10 Hz - 20 Hz 20 Hz - 60 Hz 60 kHz - 200 Hz

0.5 Hz - 10 Hz 0.2 + 2 mV 0.25 + 2.2 mV 0.3 + 2.5 mV 10 Hz - 20 Hz 0.3 + 1.3 mV 0.35 + 1.5 mV 1.0 + 1.7 mV 20 Hz - 60 Hz 0.5 + 1 mV 0.55 + 1.1 mV 0.65 + 1.2 mV 60 kHz - 200 Hz 0.62 + 1.2 mV 0.65 + 1.3 mV 0.70 + 1.5 mV

0.5 Hz - 10 Hz 3.0 + 14 mV 3.1 + 16 mV 3.3 + 20 mV 10 Hz - 20 Hz 0.93 + 12 mV 0.96 + 14 mV 1.0 + 16 mV 20 Hz - 60 Hz 0.06 + 10 mV 0.065 + 11 mV 0.073 + 13 mV 60 kHz - 200 Hz 0.31 + 18 mV 0.33 + 21 mV 0.35 + 25 mV

0.5 Hz - 10 Hz 3.0 + 140 mV 3.1 + 160 mV 3.3 + 200 mV 10 Hz - 20 Hz 0.93 + 120 mV 0.96 + 130 mV 1.0 + 150 mV 20 Hz - 60 Hz 0.04 + 100 mV 0.045 + 110 mV 0.06 + 130 mV 60 kHz - 200 Hz 0.32 + 150 mV 0.4 + 170 mV 0.45 + 200 mV

0.5 Hz - 10 Hz 3.0 + 200 mV 3.1 + 160 mV 3.3 + 200 mV 10 Hz - 20 Hz 1.0 + 180 mV 1.1 + 200 mV 1.1 + 250 mV 20 Hz - 60 Hz 0.05 + 150 mV 0.07 + 200 mV 0.08 + 230 mV 60 kHz - 200 Hz 0.34 + 200 mV 0.45 + 250 mV 0.5 + 300 mV

0.25 + 100 µV 0.3 + 200 µV 0.35 + 300 µV

0.3 + 150 µV 0.35 + 170 µV 0.4 + 200 µV

0.13 + 100 µV 0.14 + 110 µV 0.15 + 120 µV

0.55 + 160 µV 0.6 + 200 µV 0.63 + 230 µV

2.4.2 AC Peak-to-Peak Measurement (SM2064)

• Measures the peak-to-peak value of a repetitive waveform.

Signametrics 14

90 Days 23°C ± 5°C

One Year 23°C ± 5°C

ACV Range

240 mV 0.1 V 1.9 V 1 mV

2.4 V 1.0 V 16 V 10 mV 0.5 ± 40 mV

24 V 10 V 190 V 100 mV 0.5 ± 700 mV

240 V 100 V 850 V 1 V 0.55 ± 6 V

[1] Signal frequency range 30 Hz to 60 kHz.

2.4.3 AC Crest Factor Measurement (SM2064)

•

Measures the crest factor (CF) of a repetitive waveform

Lowest specified

input voltage

(Vp-p)

Full Scale

reading (Vp-p)

Resolution

Typical Accuracy 23°C ± 5°C

One Year [1]

0.5 ± 3 mV

ACV Range

240 mV 0.1 V 1.9 V 0.01

2.4 V 1.0 V 16 V 0.01 2.1 ±0.1

24 V 10 V 190 V 0.01 2.0 ±0.1

240 V 100 V 700 V 0.01 2.0 ±0.1 330 V 100 V 850 V 0.01 2.0 ±0.1

[1] Crest factor measurement requires signal frequency of 30 Hz to 60 kHz.

2.4.4 AC Median Value Measurement (SM2064)

• Measures the mid-point between the positive and negative peaks of a repetitive waveform

• Used to determine the Threshold DAC setting for optimal frequency and timing measurements

ACV Range

240 mV 0.08 V

2.4 V 0.80 V 24 V 8 V

240 V 80 V 330 V 80 V

[1] Median measurements require a repetitive signal with frequency range of 30 Hz to 30 KHz.

Lowest specified

input voltage

(Vp-p)

Lowest specified input

voltage (Vp-p)

Highest specified input

voltages (Vp-p)

Full Scale

reading

±0.95 V

±9.5 V

±95.0 V ±350.0 V ±350.0 V

Resolution

1 mV

10 mV 3% ±160 mV

100 mV 3% ±1.4 V

1 V 3% ±12 V 1 V 3% ±12 V

Resolution

Typical Accuracy 23°C ± 5°C

One Year [1]

2.2 ±0.3

Typical Accuracy 23°C ± 5°C One Year [1]

2.0% ±17 mV

2.5 AC Current Measurement, True RMS

15 Signametrics

Input Characteristics

• Crest Factor 4 at Full Scale, increasing to 10 at Lowest Specified Current

• Protected with 2.5 A

Fast Blow fuse

Range Full Scale 6 1/2 Digits Lowest Specified

Current

2.4 mA 2.400000 mA 24 mA 24.00000 mA

240 mA 240.0000 mA 3 mA 55mV 100 nA

2.4 A 2.400000 A 30 mA 520mV 1 uA

60 µA

300 µA

Accuracy ± (% of reading + Amps)

Range Frequency [1] 24 hours

23°C ± 1°C

2.4 mA

24 mA

240 mA

2.4 A

10 Hz - 20 Hz 20 Hz - 47 Hz 47 Hz - 1 kHz 1 kHz - 10 kHz 10 Hz - 20 Hz 20 Hz - 47 Hz 47 Hz - 1 kHz 1 kHz - 10 kHz 10 Hz - 20 Hz 20 Hz - 47 Hz 47 Hz - 1 kHz 1 kHz - 10 kHz 10 Hz - 20 Hz 1.8 + 4 mA 2.5 + 4.5 mA 2.7 + 5 mA 20 Hz - 47 Hz 0.66 + 4 mA 0.8 + 6 mA 0.9 + 6 mA 47 Hz - 1 kHz 0.3 + 3.8mA 0.33 + 3.8 mA 0.35 + 4 mA 1 kHz - 10 kHz 0.4 + 4mA 0.45 + 4.5 mA 0.5 + 5 mA

3.8 + 4 µA 2.7 + 4 µA 2.9 + 4 µA

0.9 + 4 µA 0.9 + 4 µA 1.0 + 4 µA

0.04 + 1.5 µA 0.08 + 3 µA 0.12 + 4 µA

0.12 + 4 µA 0.14 + 4 µA 0.22 + 4 µA

1.8 + 30 µA 2.6 + 30 µA 2.8 + 30 µA

0.6 + 30 µA 0.9 + 30 µA 1.0 + 30 µA

0.07 + 10 µA 0.15 + 20 µA 0.16 + 30 µA

0.21 + 30 µA 0.3 + 40 µA 0.4 + 40 µA

1.8 + 400 µA 2.7 + 400 µA 2.8 + 400 µA

0.6 + 400 µA 0.9 + 400 µA 1.0 + 400 µA

0.1 + 100 µA 0.17 + 180 µA 0.2 + 220 µA

0.3 + 300 µA 0.35 + 350 µA 0.4 + 400 µA

[1] All AC Current ranges have typical measurement capability of at least 20 kHz.

Maximum Burden

Voltage (RMS)

25mV 1 nA

250mV 10 nA

Resolution

90 Days 23°C ± 10°C

One Year 23°C ± 10°C

2.6 Leakage Measurement (SM2064)

Characteristics

• Burden Voltage: < 100

• Test Voltage: Adjustable between -10V to +10V in 5mV steps

Accuracy ± (% of reading + Amps) [1]

Range Full Scale

6-½ Digits

240 ηA 240.0000 ηA

2.4 µA 2.400000 µA 24 µA 24.00000 µA

[1] With Aperture set to  0.5 Sec, and within one hour from Zero (Relative control).

Resolution 24 hours

23°C ± 5°C

0.1 pA 0.15 + 50pA 0.2 + 65pA 0.17 + 100pA 1 pA 0.1 + 350pA 0.15 + 500pA 0.2 + 600pA

10 pA 0.08 + 3nA 0.12 + 4nA 0.18 + 2nA

90 Days 23°C ± 5°C

One Year 23°C ± 5°C

2.7 RTD Temperature Measurement (SM2064)

Signametrics 16

• Ro: Variable from 10

Ω

to 10 kΩ

• Measurement Method: 4-Wire

• Temperature units: Selectable

C or oF

RTD Type

pt385, pt3911, pt3916, pt3926 pt385, pt3911, pt3916, pt3926 Cu (Copper)

Cu (Copper)

Ro (Ω)

100, 200 Ω 0.01°C -150 to 650°C ±0.06°C

500, 1 kΩ 0.01°C -150 to 650°C ±0.03°C

Less than 12 Ω 0.01°C -100 to 200°C ±0.18°C for temperatures ≤ 20°C, ±0.05°C

Higher than 90 Ω 0.01°C -100 to 200°C ±0.10°C for temperatures ≤ 20°C, ±0.05°C

[1] With Aperture of 0.5s and higher, using a 4-wire RTD. Measurement accuracy does not include RTD probe error.

Resolution Temperature

range

Temperature Accuracy 23°C ± 5°C [1]

One Year

otherwise

2.8 Thermocouple Temperature Measurement (SM2064)

• Cold Junction Compensation: By Sensor measurement or S/W setting.

• Cold Junction Temperature range: 0

• Cold Junction Sensor: Use SMX40T or SM40T Isothermal unit, or define sensor equation

to 50

• Isothermal Block compatibility: SM4022, SM4042, SMX4032, SM40T, SMX40T

• Temperature units: Selectable

C or oF

TC Type Resolution Maximum Temperature

[2] B E J K N R S T

0.01°C 2200°C ±0.38 °C

0.01°C 1200°C ±0.035 °C

0.01°C 2000°C ±0.06 °C

0.01°C 3000°C ±0.07 °C

0.01°C 3000°C ±0.10 °C

0.01°C 2700°C ±0.25 °C

0.01°C 3500°C ±0.35 °C

0.01°C 550°C ±0.06 °C

[1] With Aperture of 0.5s and higher. Measurement accuracy does not include Thermocouple error. [2] DMM Linearization temperature range may be greater than that of the Thermocouple device.

Temperature Accuracy 23°C ± 5°C [1]

One Year

2.9 Additional Component Measurement Capability

2.9.1 Diode Characterization

• Available DC current values 100 ηA, 1 µA, 10 µA, 100 µA and 1 mA.

• SM2064 add variable current of 10 ηA to 12.5 mA

• Typical Current Value Uncertainty 1%

• Typical Voltage Value Uncertainty 0.02%

•

Maximum diode voltage compliance 4 V

2.9.2 Capacitance, Ramp Method (SM2064)

Accuracy ± (% of reading + Farads) [1]

17 Signametrics

Range Full Scale

Reading

1,200 pF 1,199.9 pF 0.1 pF 1.5 ± 0.25 pF

12 ηF 11.999 ηF 120 ηF 119.99 ηF

1.2 µF 1.1999 µF 12 µF 11.999 µF 1 ηF

120 µF 119.99 µF 10 ηF

1.2 mF 1.1999 mF

12 mF 50.000 mF

Resolution One Year

23°C ± 5°C

1 pF 1.2 ± 5 pF 10 pF 1.0

100 pF 1.0

100 ηF

1 µF

1.0

1.2 2

[1] Within one hour of zero, using Relative control. Accuracy is specified for values higher than 5% of the selected

range with the exception of the 1,200 pF range.

This Measurement is independent of set Aperture and Read Interval. If desired, the DMMSetCapsAveSamp() function may be used to control measurement parameters. It is provided

the application, trading off accuracy for speed.

Measurement time will vary as function of the set parameters, selected range and measured capacitance. The following are measurement times associated with the default parameters, as range is selected.

Range Input Measurement Time Measurement Rate (rps) 1,200 pF 5% of Scale 1,200 pF Full Scale

12 ηF

12 ηF 120 ηF 120 ηF

1.2 µF

12 µF

12 µF 120 µF 120 µF

1.2 mF 5% of Scale

1.2 mF Full Scale

12 mF 5% of Scale 12 mF Full Scale

5% of Scale

Full Scale

5% of Scale

Full Scale

5% of Scale

Full Scale

5% of Scale

Full Scale

5% of Scale

Full Scale

19.5 ms 51.3

52.3 ms 19.1

70.0 ms 14.3 118ms 8.5

8.9 ms 112.4

127 ms 7.9

15.6 ms 64.1

175 ms 5.7

14.1 ms 70.9

480 ms 2.1

17.3 ms 57.8

50.3 ms 19.9

52.6 ms 19.0

151.5 ms 6.6

52.8 ms 18.9

170 ms 5.9

means to fine tune the measurement timing for

Signametrics 18

2.9.3 Capacitance, In-Circuit Method (SM2064)

• Adjustable Peak Voltages Stimulus 100mV to 1.3V

• Minimum Parallel Load Resistance 100Ω

Accuracy ± (% of reading + Farads) [1]

Range Full Scale

3-½ Digits

24 ηF 23.99 ηF

240 ηF 239.9 ηF

2.4 µF 2.399 µF 24 µF 23.99 µF 10 ηF

240 µF 239.9 µF 100 ηF

2.4 mF 2.399 mF

24 mF 23.99 mF

Resolution One Year

23°C ± 5°C [2]

10 pF 2.7 ± 100 pF

100 pF 2.5 ± 500 pF

1000 pF

1 µF

10 µF

2.5 ± 5 ηF

[1] Within one hour of zero, using Relative control, and Caps Open-Cal operation

[2] Accuracy is specified for values higher than 5% of the selected range with the exception of the 2.4

F range.

Capacitance Measurement time is independent of set Aperture and Read Interval. It depends on range, and capacitance

2.9.4 Inductance Measurement (SM2064)

Range Test frequency Full Scale

4 ½ Digits

24 µH

240 µH

2.4 mH 4 kHz 3.3000 mH

24 mH 1.5 kHz 33.000 mH

240 mH 1 kHz 330.00 mH

2.4 H 100 Hz 3.3000 H

75 kHz 50 kHz

33.000 µH 1 ηH 3.0% + 500 ηH

330.00 µH 10 ηH 2.0% + 3 µH

[1] Within one hour of zero, and Open Terminal Calibration. [2] Accuracy is specified for values greater than 5% of the selected range.

Resolution

100 ηH 1.5% + 25 µH

1 µH 1.5% + 200 µH

10 µH

100 µH

Accuracy 23°C ± 5°C

One Year [2]

2.5 + 3 mH 3 + 35 mH

2.10 Time Measurements

2.10.1 Threshold DAC

• The Threshold DAC is used for selecting a detection level, providing optimal frequency and timing measurements even at extreme duty cycle values.

± (% of setting + volts)

Selected VAC

range [1]

240 mV -1.0 V to +1.0 V 0.5 mV 1.900 V 0.2% + 4 mV

2.4 V -10.0 V to +10.0 V 5.0 mV 19.00 V 0.2% + 40 mV 24 V -100.0 V to 100.0 V 50 mV 190.0 V 0.2% + 0.4 V 240 V -400 V to 400 V 500 V 850.0 V 0.2% + 4 V

[1] This table should be used in conjunction with the AC volts section above.

Threshold range (DC

level)

Threshold

DAC

resolution

Highest allowed input

Vp-p

Typical one year setting

uncertainty

19 Signametrics

2.10.2 Frequency and Period Measurement

ACV Mode

•

Input Impedance 1 MΩ with < 300 pF

Frequency Range 2 Hz - 100 Hz 100 Hz-1 kHz 1 kHz-10 kHz 10 kHz-100 kHz 100 kHz-300 kHz

Resolution 1 mHz 10 mHz 100 mHz 1 Hz 1 Hz

Uncertainty is ±0.002% of reading ± adder shown Input Signal Range [1] 10% - 200%

[

1] Input RMS voltage required for a valid reading. Do not exceed 250 V RMS input. For example, 10% -200%

4 mHz 20 mHz 200 mHz 2 Hz 5 Hz

of range

of range indicates that in the 240 mVAC range, the input voltage should be 24 mV to 660 mV RMS.

ACI Mode

•

Input Impedance 10 Ω in the 3 mA and 30 mA ranges, 0.1 Ω in the 330 mA and 2.5 A ranges.

Frequency Range 2 Hz - 100 Hz 100 Hz-1 kHz 1 kHz-10 kHz 10 kHz-500 kHz

Resolution 1 mHz 10 mHz 100 mHz 1 Hz

Uncertainty 0.01% ±4 mHz 0.01% ±20 mHz 0.01% ±200 mHz 0.01% ±2 Hz Input Signal Range,

2.4 mA, 240mA Ranges [1] Input Signal Range, 24 mA, 2.4 A ranges

10% -500%

of range

50% -100%

of range

10% - 200%

of range

10% - 500%

of range

50% - 100%

of range

10% -200%

of range

10% -500%

50% - 100%

of range

10% - 200%

of range

45% -200%

of range

10% - 500%

of range

50% - 100%

of range

[1] Input current required to give a valid reading. For example, 10% -500% of range indicates that in the 3.3 mA range, the input current should be 0.33 mA to 16.5 mA.

2.10.3 Duty Cycle Measurement

Frequency Range 2 Hz to 100 Hz 100 Hz to 1 kHz 1 kHz to 10 kHz 10 kHz to 100 kHz

Resolution 0.02% 0.2% 2% 20%

Typical Uncertainty is ±0.03% of reading ± adder shown Full scale reading 100.00 % 100.00 % 100.00 % 100.00 %

0.03% 0.3% 3% 20%

2.10.4 Pulse Width

Polarity Frequency range Resolution Width range Typical

Positive or negative pulse widths

2 Hz to 100 kHz

1 µs 2 µs to 1 s 0.01 +/- 4 µs

± (% of reading + sec)

Uncertainty

Signametrics 20

2.10.5 Totalizer

(s)

• Active edge polarity: Positive or negative transition

• Maximum count: 10^9

•

Allowed rate: 1 to 30,000 events per second

Uses Threshold DAC

•

2.11 Trigger Functions

2.11.1 External Hardware Trigger (at DIN-7 connector)

Trigger Input voltage level range +3 V to +15 V activates the trigger. Trigger Pulse Width Minimum trigger input current 1 mA Internal Reading Buffer Circular; 80 or 120 readings depending on resolution. Isolation of trigger input ±50 V from analog DMM inputs, and from chassis

Minimum = 1/Aperture + 50µS

earth ground.

2.11.2 Analog Threshold Trigger

• Trigger point: Selectable positive or negative transition of set threshold.

• Buffer type: Circular

• Captures up to 120 post-trigger readings for apertures

• Captures up to 80 post-trigger readings for apertures > 625uSec.

•

Aperture range: 160ms to 625

•

Read Interval

• User selects number of post-trigger readings.

• The number of pre-trigger readings: buffer size – post-trigger count.

• The number of cycles the circular filled, and the trigger point are retrievable.

range

: 1/Aperture to 65ms

µS (to 2.5µS with SM2064)

< 625uSec.

2.11.3 Delayed Hardware Trigger

This function allows time for the signal to settle after a trigger has occurred. It allows readings to be delayed up to 65mSec with 1 It allows readings to be delayed up to 1s with 2

µs resolutions.

µSec resolution

2.12 Measurement Aperture and Read Interval

Both Aperture and The Read Interval may be set. The range of values depend on the DMM model and its mode of operation. For example, when using the internal buffer such as in External Trigger mode, the Read Interval can be set smaller than in Command/Response operation. The time involved in processing the measurement command and the post processing and transmission of the measurement results constitute an overhead, which limits the minimum Read Interval to a value that is greater than the Aperture. Setting it to zero (default) results in the fastest measurement rates at the selected Aperture. The faster SM2064 has lower overhead and therefore a shorter minimum Read Interval than the SM2060. For instance, with Aperture set to 625us and Read Interval set to zero, in command/response operation the SM2060 measurement rate is about 1,090/s while that of the SM2064 is 1,370/s. This indicates overhead of about 300µs for the SM2060 and 100µs for the SM2064.

The SM2064 has 31 A/D apertures available, ranging from 5 Seconds to 2.5µS

available measurement apertures and the corresponding minimum read intervals and measurement rates.

Power Line Rejection Command/Response

mode min. Read

21 Signametrics

. The following table contains all

H/W Trigger mode min. Read Interval

/ max meas. Rate

Interval(s) / max meas.

(Hz)

rate(Hz)

Aperture 60Hz 50Hz 400Hz

5.1200s [1]

5.0666s [1]

√ √ √ √

2.08s [1]

2.0s [1]

1.06666s [1]

√ √ √ √

960ms [1]

533.33ms [1]

√

480ms [1]

266.666ms [1]

160.0ms

133.33ms

√ √ √ √ √

80.00ms

66.6667ms

√

40.00ms

33.333ms

√

20.00ms

16.6667ms

√

5.0677s / 0.2 N/A √ √

1.067s / 1 N/A √ √

533.6ms / 2 N/A √ √

268ms / 4 N/A

134ms / 8 133.5 ms / 8 √ √

67.2ms / 15 66.713 ms / 15 √ √

33.643ms / 29.72 33.38 ms / 30 √ √

16.77ms / 59.6 16.89 ms / 59

5.121s / 0.2 N/A

2.081s / 0.5 N/A

2.001s / 0.5 N/A

0.9605s / 1 N/A

480.2ms / 2 N/A

166ms / 6 160.3 ms / 6

80.4ms / 13 80.2 ms / 13

40.4ms / 25 40.32 ms / 24.8

20.098ms / 49.76 20.33 ms / 50

10ms 10.094ms / 99 10.25 ms / 97

8.333ms 8.422ms / 119 8.503 ms / 115 5ms 5.109ms / 195 5.187 ms / 185

4.16667ms 4.265ms / 234 4.274 ms / 220

2.5ms 2.598ms / 385 2.614 ms / 350

2.0833ms 2.177ms / 458 2.216 ms / 410

1.25ms 1.344ms / 744 1.380 ms / 625

1.0417ms 1.133ms / 880 1.158 ms / 864 625µS

520.83µS

312.5µS

260.42µS

130.21µS

2.5µS

719µs / 1,390 728 µs / 1,370 617µs / 1,625 622 µs / 1,610 410µs / 2,445 414 µs / 2,445 355µs / 2,825 358 µs / 2,825 223µs / 4,475 217 µs / 4,660 47µs / 21,600 45 µs / 22,200

[1] Not available with any of the Triggered modes.

Signametrics 22

The SM2060 has are 26 A/D apertures available, ranging from 5 Seconds to 625uSec. The following table contains all available measurement apertures corresponding minimum read intervals and measurement rates.

Power Line Rejection Command/Response

mode min. Read Interval(s) / max meas. rate(Hz)

Aperture 60Hz 50Hz 400Hz

5.1200s [1]

5.0666s [1]

2.08s [1]

2.0s [1]

1.06666s [1] 960ms [1]

533.33ms [1] 480ms [1]

266.666ms [1]

160.0ms

133.33ms

80.00ms

66.6667ms

40.00ms

33.333ms

20.00ms

16.6667ms 10ms 10.36ms / 97 10.25 ms / 97

8.333ms 8.68ms / 115 8.503 ms / 115 5ms 5.36ms / 185 5.187 ms / 185

4.16667ms 4.52ms / 220 4.274 ms / 220

2.5ms 2.86ms / 350 2.614 ms / 350

2.0833ms 2.44ms / 410 2.216 ms / 410

1.25ms 1.6ms / 625 1.380 ms / 625

1.0417ms 1.39ms / 719 1.158 ms / 864 625µS

[1] Not available with any of the Triggered modes.

Precise control of the measurement timing and line frequency rejection can be accomplished by controlling the Read Interval and Aperture. Line rejection is dictated by the Aperture, and the duration of measurement is controlled with Read Interval

Read Interval can be programmed in

√ √ √ √

√

√ √ √ √ √

√

5.0677s / 0.2 N/A √ √

1.067s / 1 N/A √ √

533.6ms / 2 N/A √ √

268ms / 4 N/A

134ms / 8 133.5 ms / 8 √ √

67.2ms / 15 66.713 ms / 15 √ √

33.7ms / 30 33.38 ms / 30 √ √

16.9ms / 59 16.89 ms / 59

µs increments for values up to 65ms

5.121s / 0.2 N/A

2.081s / 0.5 N/A

2.001s / 0.5 N/A

0.9605s / 1 N/A

480.2ms / 2 N/A

166ms / 6 160.3 ms / 6

80.4ms / 13 80.2 ms / 13

40.4ms / 25 40.32 ms / 24.8

20.35ms / 50 20.33 ms / 50

917µs / 1,090 728 µs / 1,370

H/W Trigger mode min. Read Interval(s) / max meas. Rate (Hz)

, and in 20µs increments to 1 second.

Figure 2-1: Time frame of a single measurement.

.13 Source Functions (SMX2064)

23 Signametrics

•• Isolated to 300 V DC from the Chassis

Current can be paralleled with multiple SM

•

Voltage can be pu

t in series with multiple SMX2064s

X2064s

2.13.1 D

Output Voltage range -10.000 V to +10.000 V Typical Current source/sink at 5V output 5 mA 5 mA DAC resolution 18 bits 12 bits Accuracy 23°C ± 10°C One Year 0.015% ± 350 µV Typical settling time 3 S (rate set to 2/s) 1 ms Typical source resistance

[1] An Aperture 3ms or higher is required for the clos e. set to 13 ed loop mod

C Voltage Source

Parameter Closed Loop [1] Open Loop

1.0% ± 35 mV

250 Ω

2.13.2 AC Voltage Sourc

The AC Voltage source has two ranges. 900 m generating 5 mV t 9.3V while 0 o n generate 300mV to 7.2V RMS.

Parameter Specification Ranges 900mV and 8V Output Voltage, sine wave 30mV to 7.2 V RMS (0.14 to 20.0V peak-to-peak) DAC resolution 12 bits Typical Current Drive at 3.5V RMS 3 mA RMS Accuracy 18 C to 2 Typical settling time (f-out > 40 Hz) 0.5 s Typical source resistance Frequency range / resolution 10 Hz to 100 kHz / 10 mHz SFDR (spurious free dynamic range) 60dBc THD (total harmonic distortion) 59dBc Frequency stability 100 ppm ± 10 mHz

[1] 166ms er Aperture is for prop ed loop mo

8°C One Yea

or high required er clos de.

the higher range ca

V range and 8V range. The lower range is capable of

ACV spec + 0.8% ± 20 mV

250 Ω

2.13.3 DC Current Source

Range Comp

1.25 µA

12.5 A 5 A 10 A 1% + 100 A µ

125 µA

liance Voltage Resolution [1] Minimum level

4.2 V 500 pA

4.2 V

η η η

50 ηA 100 ηA 1% + 500 ηA

1 ηA 1% + 10 ηA

Accuracy 23

°C ± 10°C One Year

1.25 mA 4.2 V

12.5 mA 1.5 V

[1] Resolution without Trim DAC. The use of the Trim DAC can improve the resolution by a factor of 10, but it has

be set separately since it is not calibrated.

2.14 Accuracy Notes

Signametrics 24

500 ηA 1 µA 1% + 5 µA

5 µA 10 µA 1% + 50 µA

Important: all accuracy specifications for DCV, Resistance, DCI, ACV, and ACI apply for the time periods show

in the respective specification tables. To meet these specifications, Self Calibration must be performed once a day o as indicated in the specification table. This is a simple software operation that takes a few sec

erformed by calling Windows command DMMCal(), or selecting S-Cal in the control panel.

onds. It can be

These products are capable of continuous m second (rps). In general, to achieve 7-1/2 D 6-1/2 digit resolution requires at least 10ms Aperture. For 5-1/2 use at lea

easurement as well as data transfer rates of up to 20,000 readings per

igits of resolution, the Aperture should be set to 0.5s or a higher value.

st 625us Aperture.

2.15 Other Specifications

Temperature Coefficient over 0°C to 50°C Range

• Less than 0.1 x accuracy specification per °C At

Aperture

• 2.5

• In Triggered modes Aperture is limited to 160ms or shorter.

Read Interval

• 47

ardware fa Single PCI slot

Overload Protection (voltage inputs) 330 VDC, 250 VAC

Isolation 330 VDC, 250 VAC from Earth Ground

Maximu 8x10

1x106 Volt x Hz Common Mode input (from Voltage HI or

afety 0-1, Installation Category II.

alibration Calibrations are

Temp at n ra -10°C to 65°C

Temperature Range Storage -40°C to 85°C

(user selectable)

• 625 µs to 2s in 26 di screte values, SM2060 (approx. 0.5 t

s to 2s in 31 discrete values, SM2064 (approx. 0.

(user selectable)

• 47µs to 65ms, 1µs steps in Trigger modes, SM2064

• 730

• 916

Inter ce

m Input (Volt x Hertz)

er ure Ra ge Ope ting

s to 65ms, 1us steps in Trigger modes, SM2060

s to 1s, 1µs step o , in command/respons

s to 1s, 1µs ste el s, in command/respon

Size SM2060, SM2064: 4.5” X 8.5” (PCI form

SMX2060, SMX2064: Single 3U PXI

DMM Internal Temperature sensor accuracy ±1°C (SM2064)

ower +5 volts, 300 mA maximum

Note: Signam accessories without notice.

etrics reserves the right to make changes in materials, specifications, product functionality, or

23C ± 5°C

o 1,400 readings per second)

5 to 20,000 readings per second)

s bel w 65ms e modes, SM2064 ps b ow 65m se modes, SM2060

Volt x Hz normal mode input (across Voltage HI &

LO).

LO relative to Earth Ground).

Designed to IEC 101

performed by Signametrics in a computer at

23°C internal tem stored in a text file.

perature rise. All calibration constants are

at)

or CompactPCI slot

25 Signametrics

Accessories

v SM2060 series DMM’s, which can be purchased directly from

Se eral accessories are available for the Signametrics, or one of its approved distributors or representatives. These ar

e some of the accessories available:

• DMM probes SM-PRB ($15.70)

• DMM probe kit SM-PRK ($38.50)

• Deluxe probe kit SM-PRD ($95.00).

• Shielded SMT Tweezers Probes SM-PRSMT ($24.90).

• Multi Stacking Double Banana shielded cable 36” SM-CBL36 ($39.00).

• Multi Stacking Double Banana shielded cable 48” SM-CBL48 ($43.00).

Mini DIN Trigger, 6-Wire

• Ohms connector SM2060-CON7 ($14.00).

• Lab View VI’s library SM204x.llb (free).

• Extended 3 Year warrantee (does not include calibration) $150.00 for SM2060 and SMX2060, $240 for the

SM2064 and SMX2064.

Signametrics 26

3.0 Getting Started

After unpacking the DMM, please inspect for any shipping damage that may have occurred, and report any claims to your transportation carrier.

The DMM is shipped with the Digital Multimeter module; Installation CD and a floppy disk that contain the calibration and verification files. Also included is the Certificate of Calibration.

3.1 Setting the DMM

The SM2060 series DMM’s are PCI plug-and-play devices and do not require any switch settings, or other adjustments prior to installation.

The SM60CAL.DAT file supplied with your DMM has a unique calibration record for that DMM (See "Calibration" at the end of this manual.) When using multiple DMM’s in the same chassis, the SM60CAL.DAT

file must have a calibration record for each DMM. Append the unique calibration records of each DMM into one

SM60CAL.DAT file using a text editor such as Notepad. The default location for the SM60CAL.DAT file is at

the root directory C:\.

3.2 Installing the DMM Module

Warning

To avoid shock hazard, install the DMM only into a personal computer that has its power line connector connected to an AC receptacle with an Earth Safety ground.

After installation, check to see that no loose wires or ribbon cables infringe upon any of the internal circuits of the DMM, as this may apply measurement voltages to your computer, causing personal injury and/or damage to your computer!

Caution: Only install the DMM module with the power turned OFF to the PC!

Use extreme care when plugging the DMM module(s) into a PCI bus slot. If possible, choose an empty slot away

from any high-speed boards (e.g. video cards) or the power supply. Please be patient during the installation process! The DMM comes with 4 safety-input jacks. Because of their necessary size, they are a tight fit in many

PC chassis. Insert the bracket end of the DMM into your PC first, watching for any interference between the safety

input jacks and your PC chassis. “Sliding” the bracket end of the DMM into the chassis may be helpful. Be

patient! You should only have to install it once!

3.3 Installing the Software

It is recommended that you first plug in the DMM into the PC chassis, than turn on the computer power. The first time you power up your computer with the DMM installed, your computer will detect it as new hardware and prompt you for a driver. The driver your computer requires is located on the installation CD (SM2060.INF).

Following the above driver installation, run the ‘SETUP’ program provided on the CD. This takes care of all

installation and registration requirements of the software. If you are installing the DMM on a computer that had an SM2060 series install in it, you should first uninstall the old software. Also make sure you backup and remove the old calibration record (SM60CAL.DAT). For a clean reinstallation remove all INF files containing reference to the Signametrics DMM. Depending on operating system, these files will be located at Windows\inf, Windows\inf\other or WINNT\inf. The files will be named Oemx.INF where x is 0,1,2,… and/or SIGNAMETRICSSM2060.INF. If present, these files will prevent “Found New Hardware” wizard from detecting the new DMM.

27 Signametrics

3.4 DMM Input Connectors

Before using the DMM, please take a few moments and review this section to understand where the voltage,

current, or resistance and other inputs and outputs should be applied. This section contains important

information concerning voltage and current limits. Do not exceed these limits, as personal injury or damage to the instrument, your computer or application may result.

Figure 3-1. The DMM input connectors.

V, Ω + This is the positive terminal for all Volts, 2WΩ, capacitance, diode and inductance measurements, and for sourcing of VDC, VAC and IDC. It is also the Source HI for 4WΩ measurements. The maximum input across V, Ω

+ and V, Ω - is 300 VDC or 250 VAC when in the measuring mode. When in the sourcing mode, the maximum input allowed before damage occurs is 100 volts.

V, Ω - This is the negative terminal for all Volts, 2WΩ, capacitance diode and inductance measurements, and or sourcing of VDC, VAC and IDC. It is also the Source LO for 4WΩ. Do not float this terminal or any other DMM terminal more than 300 VDC or 250 VAC above Earth Ground. (Also, see Trig, 6W Guard below.)

I + This is the positive terminal for all Current measurements. It is also the Sense HI for 4WΩ measurements and

6WΩ guarded measurements. The maximum input across I, 4WΩ + and I, 4WΩ - is 2.5 A. Do not apply more

than 5 V peak across these two terminals!

I – This is the negative terminal for all Current measurements. In the Current modes, it is protected with a 2.5 A, 250 V Fast Blow fuse (5 x 20 mm). It is also the Sense LO for 4WΩ measurements and 6WΩ guarded measurements. V, Ω - and I, 4WΩ - should never have more than 5 V peak across them.

Signametrics 28

TRIG / GUARD Both the Trigger and Guard functions are at the DIN-7 connector. This group of pins includes

the positive and negative hardware trigger input lines and the two SM2064 Guarded Measurement Force and Sense signals. The external trigger initiates reading(s) into the onboard buffer, and the 6W guard signals facilitate incircuit resistor measurements by means of isolating a loading node. The DIN-7 plug can be ordered from Signametrics and is also available at many electronic hardware distributors. The connector is generically referred to as a mini DIN-7 male. The trigger signal should be in the range of 3 V to 12 V peak. The two 6W guard signals should never have more than 5 V peak across them.

Warning! The DIN connector pins are protected to a maximum of 35 V with respect to the PC chassis and any other DMM terminal. Do not apply any voltages greater than 35 V to the DIN connector pins. Violating this limit may result in personal injury and/or permanent damage to the DMM.

DIN-7, Pin number Function 2 Sync output, referenced to pin 4 7 External Trigger input, Positive 4 Trigger and Sync Common 1 Guard Source (SM2064) 6 Guard Sense (SM2064)

DIN-7 Connector Pin Description, view from bracket side.

3.5 Starting the Control Pane

You can verify the installation and gain familial rity with the DMM by exercising its measurement functions using the Windows based Control Panel. To run the control panel, double click the “SM2064.EXE” icon. If you do not hear the relays click, it is most likely due to an installation error. Another possible source for an error is that the

SM60CAL.DAT file does not correspond to the installed DMM.

When the DMM is started the first time, using the provided control panel (SM2064.EXE), it takes a few extra seconds to extract its calibration data from the on-board store, and write it to a file C:\SM60CAL.DAT

The Control Panel is operated with a mouse. All functions are accessed using the left mouse button. When the DMM is operated at very slow reading rates, you may have to hold down the left mouse button longer than usual for the program to acknowledge the mouse click.

29 Signametrics

Note: The SM2060 front panel powers up in DCV, 0.5s Aperture, 0 Read Interval and 240 V range. If the DMM operated in Autorange, with an open input, it will switch between the 2.4V and 24V ranges every few seconds, a range change occurs. This is perfectly normal with ultra high impedance DMM’s such as the SM2060. This phenomenon is caused by the virtually

put will read whatever charge is associated with the signal conditioning of the DMM. As this electrical charge

in changes, the SM2060 will change ranges, causing the range switching. This is normal.

infinite input impedance of the 2.4V DC range. On these ranges, an open

3.6 Using the Control Panel

s a

The Control Panel for the SM2064. The three main groups include Measure, Source and Figure 3-2.

nge buttons. The Range but

Ra tons are context sensitive such that only “240m, 2.4, 24, 240 and 330 appear when in AC Voltage Function is selected, and 2.4m, 24m, 240m and 2.4 appear when AC Current functions is selected, etc.

Note: All of the controls described below correspond to their respective software function, which can be invoked within your control software or as objects in a visual programming environment. T

f the SM2060 provides a powerfuo ut are in the software.

DC/AC This function switches between DC and AC. This is applicable for the following DMM functions:

Voltage, Current, and Voltage-Source. If Voltage-Source is the function presently in use, the Source control under the Tools menu can be used to set frequency and amplitude in ACV, and amplitude only in DCV and DCI.

l set of capabilities. Some of the functions are not included in the control panel,

he software command language

Relative This is the Relative function. When activated, the last reading is stored and subtracted from all

bsequent readings. This is a very important function when making low-level DCV measurements, or in 2WΩ.

su For example, when using 2WΩ, you can null out lead resistance by shorting the leads together and clicking on

Relative. When making low level DC voltage measurements (e.g., in the µV region), first apply a copper short to the V,Ω + & - input terminals, allow the reading to stabilize for a few seconds, and click on Relative. This will correct for any offsets internal to the SM2060. The Relative button can also be used in the Percent and dB

deviation displays (shown below), which are activated using the

The Min/Max box can be used to analyze variations in terms of Min, Max, Percent and dBV. This display can be activated by selecting the Min/Max/Deviation from the Tools menue. For instance, testing a circuit bandwidth with an input of 1V RMS, activate the Relative function with the frequency set to 100Hz, than sweep gradually the frequency, and monitor the percent deviation as well as the dBV error and capture any response anomalies with the Min/Max display. The left display indicates peaking of 2.468% (0.21 dBV) and maximum peaking in the response of +56.24mV and a notch of –

10.79mV from the reference at 100Hz.

Tools in the top menu.

Aperture Box: Controls the SM2060 reading aperture. As aperture decreases, the measurement noise increas

For best accuracy set to the longest aperture acceptable for the application. Also consider the line frequency (50 Hz) of operation when setting it, as certain apertures have better noise rejection at either 50 or 60 Hz. (See

Signametrics 30

es.

/60

“Specifications” for details.). When measuring RMS values, there is no point setting the Read Interval (1/rate) to a value shorter than 0.16s since the RMS circuitry has a settling time that is greater.

Range: Can be set to Autorange or manual by clicking on the appropriate range in the lower part of the Windows panel. Autoranging is best used for bench top application and is not recommended for an automated test

application due to the uncertainty of the DMM range, as well as the extra time for range changes. Locking a range is highly recommended when operating in an automated test system, especially to speed up measurements. Another reason to lock a range is to control the input impedance in DCV. The 240 mV and 2.4 V ranges have virtually infinite input impedance, while the 24 V and 240 V and 330 V ranges have 10 MΩ input impedance.

S_Cal: This function is the System Calibration that corrects for internal gain, scale factor and zero errors. The

DMM does this by alternatively selecting its lo l DC reference and a zero input. It is required at least once every

ay to meet the SM2060 accuracy specifications. It is recommended that you also perform this function whenever

e external environment changes (e.g. the temperature in your work environment changes by more than 5°C, or the

M2064 on board temperature sensor indicates more than a 5°C change). This function takes less than a few

conds to perform. Disconnect all leads to the DMM before doing this operation. Keep in mind that this is not a

bstitute for periodic calibration, which must be performed with external standards.

losedLoop: This check box selection is used in conjunction with the AC and DC Voltage-Source functions of the

M2064. When checked, the DMM monitors the output level and continuously applies corrections to the output

vel. When not checked, the DMM is a 12-bit source vs. 16 bits in the ClosedLoop mode.

penCal: This check box selection is used in conjunction with inductance measurement. It is necessary to perform

pen Terminal Calibration using this control, prior to measuring inductance. This function characterizes both the

ternal DMM circuitry as well as the probe cables. To perform OpenCal, attach the probe cables to the DMM,

in leaving the other end of the probe cables open circuited. Then, activate the Op

enCal button.

Sources Panel:

There are three function buttons in the Source group (SM2064 only). The V, I, LEAK buttons select one of three source functions, Voltage (DC and AC), IDC and Leakage. The Sources Panel is automatically enabled when one of the source functions is enabled. It can also be invoked using the Sources Panel selection

under the

Tools menu. This panel allows the entry of values for all of the source functions, including Leakage.

The V-OUT Scroll bar and Text box are used to

set the Voltage for DC and AC Volts as well as for Leakage. When sourcing ACV, the voltage is

in RMS and the FREQ. Scroll bar and Text box

control the frequency of the source. It is also used to control inductance frequency. When sourcing DC current controls. W

hen measuring timing or freqeuncy

, use the I-OUT set of

the THRESH set of controls is used for

comperator threshold. All of the source controls are context sensitive and will be enabled when

31 Signametrics

.0 DMM Operation and Measurement Tutorial

Most of the SM2060 measurement functions are accessible from the Windows Control Panel (Figure above). All of the functions are included in the Windows DLL driver library. To gain familiarity with the SM2060 series DMM’s, run the Windows ‘SETUP.EXE’ to install the software, then run the DMM, as described in the previous section. This section describes in detail the DMM’s operation and measurement practices for best performance.

.1 Voltage Measurement

Measures from 0.1 µV to 330 VDC or 250 VAC. Use the V, Ω + and V, Ω - terminals, being certain to always lea the I+, I- and DIN-7 terminals disconnected. Use the AC/DC button on the Control Panel to switch between AC

and DC.

Making Voltage Measurements is straightforward. The following tips will allow you to make the most accurate voltage measurements.

4.1.1 DC Voltage Measurements

n making very low-level DCV measurements (<1 mV), you should first place a cop

Whe per wire shorting plug

across the V, Ω + and V, Ω - terminals and perform Relative function to eliminate zero errors before making your measurements. A common source of error can come from your test leads, which can introduce several µVolts of

error due to thermal voltages. To minimize thermal voltaic effects, after handling the test leads; you should wait few seconds before making measurements. Signametrics offers several high q

vel measurements.

uality probes that are optimal for low-

Note: The SM2060 front panel powers up in DCV, 0.5s aperture, 240 V range. If the DMM is operated in Autorange, with an open input, The DMM will keep changing ranges. This is perfectly normal with ultra high impedance DMM’s such as the SM2060. The virtually infinite input impedance of the 240 mV and 2.4 V DC ranges causes this phenomenon. On these ranges, an open input will read whatever charge is associated with the signal conditioning of the DMM. As this electrical charge accumulates, the SM2060 will change ranges.

4.1.2 True RMS AC Voltage Measurements

ACV is specified for signals greater than 1mV, from 10 Hz to 100 kHz. The ACV function is AC coupled, and measures the true RMS value of the waveform. As with virtually all true-RMS measu not read a perfect zero with a shorted input. This is normal.

ACV measurements, if poss See Figure 4-1, below. This prevents any “Common Mode” problems from occurring (Common Mode refers to

floating the SM2060 V,Ω LO above Earth Gr

cause the PC to hang-up under high V X Hz input conditions. In many systems, grounding the source to be measured at Earth Ground (being certain to avoid any ground loops) can give better results.

he settling time and low end bandwidth of the RMS function are effected by the status of the Fast RMS co

T circuit. When fast RMS is selected, the RMS settling time is about 10 times faster, but the low end frequency is significantly increased.

ible, should have the NEUTRAL or GROUND attached to the SM2060 V,Ω - terminal.

ound.) Common Mode problems can result in noisy readings, or even

ring meters, the SM2060 may

ntrol

Signametrics 32

Figure 4-1. Make Voltage ACV measurements with the source ground attached to the SM2060 V,Ω - to minimize “Common Mode” measurement problems.

4.1.3 AC Peak-to-Peak and Crest Factor (SM

Mea a repetitive waveform between 30 Hz

surement of Peak-to-Peak, Crest Factor and AC Median values requires and 100 kHz. The DMM must be in AC voltage measurement mode, with the appropriate range selected. Knowin the Peak-to-Peak value of the waveform is useful for setting the Threshold DAC (described below). This latter function is a composite function, and may take over 10 seconds to perform.

2064)

4.1.4 AC Median Value Measurement (SM2064)

To better understand the usage of this function, you should note that the DMM makes all AC voltage measurements through an internal DC blocking capacitor. The voltage is thus “AC coupled” to the DMM. The measuremen the Median value of the AC voltage is a DC measurement performed on the AC coupled input signal. This measurement returns the mid-point between the positive and negative peak of the waveform. The Median value is

sed for setu

ea at the comparator input

m sure the frequency of a low duty cycle, low amplitude AC signals since there is DC shift due t the comparator threshold level). For further information on the usage of AC Median value and Peak-to-Peak measurements, and the Threshold DAC, see the “Frequency and Timing Measurements” section below.

ting the comparator threshold level for best counter sensitivity and noise immunity. (It is difficult to

o the internal AC coupling. The SM2064 overcome this problem by allowing you to set

his function requires a repetitive signal. The DMM must be in AC voltage measurement mode, with the

T appropriate range selected.

t of

4.2 Current Measurements

The SM2060 measures AC and DC currents between 100 ηA and 2.5 A. Use the +I, 4WΩ terminals, being certain to always leave the V,Ω + & - terminals disconnected. Use the AC/DC button to switch between AC and DC. Th

C current is an AC coupled True Re MS measurement function. See figure 4-2 for connection.

The . The 2.4mA and 24mA ranges utilize a 10Ω shunt,

Current functions are protected with a 2.5 A, 250 V fuse

while the 240mA and 2.4A ranges use a 0.1Ω shunt. In addition to the shunt resistors, there is some additional parasitic resistance in the current measurement path associated with the fuse and the internal wiring. The result is a burden voltage of up to about 250mV.

33 Signametrics

4.2.1 Extended DC Current Measurements (SM2064)

In addition to the 2.4mA, 24mA, 240mA and 2.4A, the SM2064 has also four DC current ranges; 240nA, 2.4uA, 24uA and 240uA ranges. The lower three ranges are implemented with a “Virtual Zero Shunt” technology, commonly associated with specialized Micro Amp meters. It has an ultra low noise low leakage that renders it useful for measuring down to few Pico-amperes. This means that supe

utput DACs of such devices as heart pace makers, or low semiconductor leakages can be measured with practically

o no voltage drop.

In order to measure down to Pico Amperes it may be necessary to guard the terminals as described in the section of this manual (4.3.8

arning! Applying voltages greater than 35 V to the I+, I- terminals can cause personal injury and/or

W damage to your DMM and computer! Think before applying any inputs to these terminals!

Guarding High Value Resistance Measurements (SM2064))

r low currents from such circuits as Current

guarding

Figure 4-2. AC and DC Current measurement connection.

4.2.2 Improving DC Current Measurements

When making sensitive DC current measurements disconnect all terminals not associated with the measurement.

User the Relative function while in the desired DC current range to zero out any residual error. Using the S-Cal (DMMCalibrate ()) prior to activating Relative will improve accuracy further. Although the SM2060 family is

designed to withstand up-to 2.4A indefinitely, be aware that excessive heat may be generated when measuring high ts. In

er AC or DC currents. If allowed to rise this heat may adversely effect subsequent measuremen consideration with this effect, it is recommended that whenever practical, higher current measurements short time intervals. The lower two ranges of DC current may be effected by relay contamination. If the measurements seem unstable or high, while in IDC measurement, apply between 20mA and 50mA DC to the

current terminals and clean the K2 relay using the DMMCleanRelay(0, 2, 200). Repeat this until the measuremen

are stable.

be limited to

4.2.3 DC Current Measurements at a specific voltage

The leakage measurement function can be used to measure low-level currents at a specific voltage. T function uses the top and bottom terminals of the SM2064. It measures low level DC cu

rrents with a

specified DC voltage applied to the DUT.

Signametrics 34

his

4.3 Resistance Measurements

Resistance is measured using eight (six in the SM2060) precision curre

sistance value. Most measurements can be made in the 2-wire mode. The 4-wire ohms is used to make low value

re resistance measurements. All resistance measurement modes are susceptible to Thermo-Voltaic (Thermal EMF) errors. See section 4.3.5 for details.

nt sources, with the DMM displaying the

4.3.1 2-Wire Ohm Measurements

The DMM measure using 240Ω to 24 MΩ ranges. The SM2064 adds 24 Ω and 240 MΩ ranges, as well as extended resistance to 100 G. Use the V,Ω+, V,Ω- terminals for this function. Be certain to disconnect the I+, I- terminals in order to reduce leakage, noise and for better safety.

Most resistance measurements can be made using the simple 2-wire Ohms method. Simply connect V,Ω+ to one end of the resistor, and the V,Ω- to the other end. If the resistor to be measured is less than 30 kΩ, you should null out any lead resistance errors by first touching the V,Ω+ and V,Ω- test leads together and then performing a Relative function. If making measurements above 300 kΩ, you should use shielded or twisted leads to minimize noise pickup. This is especially true for measurements above 1 MΩ.

You may also want to control the Ohms current used in making resistance measurements. (See the Specifications section, "Resistance, 2-wire and 4-wire", for a table of resistance range vs. current level.) All of the Ohms ranges of the SM2060 have enough current and voltage compliance to turn on diode junctions. For characterizing semiconductor part types, use the Diode measurement function. To avoid turning on a semiconductor junction, you may need to select a higher range (lower current). When checking semiconductor junctions, the DMM displays a resistance value linearly related to the voltage across the junction.

or applications requiring voltage and current controlled resistance measurements, use the Extended Resistance

F Measurement function as well as active guarding is available with the SM2064.

4.3.2 4-Wire Ohm Measurements

4-wire Ohms measurements are advantageous for making measurements below 330 kΩ, eliminating lead resistance errors. The Voltage (V,Ω) Input terminals serve as a current source to stimulus the resistance, and the I, 4WΩ Inpu terminals are the sense inputs. The Source + and Sense + leads are connected to one side of the resistor, and the Source - and Sense - leads are connected to the other side. Both Sense leads should be closest to the body of the resistor. See Figure 4-

4-wire Ohm makes very repeatable low ohms measurements, from 100 µΩ (10 µΩ for SM2064) to 330 kΩ. It is n

ot recommended to use 4WΩ when making measurements above 100

ci t of leads can actually

litated up to 330 kΩ. 4-wire measurements are disabled above 330 kΩ since the extra se

degr

ade the accuracy, due to additional leakage and noise paths.

kΩ, although 4-wire ohms measurements are

35 Signametrics

Figure 4-3. The I- and I+ sense leads should be closest to the body of the resistor when making 4WΩ measurements.

4.3.3 Using Offset Ohms function (SM2064)

Inadvertent parasitic leakage currents, Thermo-voltaic voltages and other sources of voltage errors in a circuit can be the cause of inaccuracies in resistance measurements. This is common particularly when making measurements

f active circuit. Many users, unaware of the above issues, select very poor switching systems prone to high

o Thermal Errors that introduces some very high offset voltages, be it in 2-Wire or 4 O ll ome error. En lso easure internal resistance of low value hms can a v rc s ries, ow se al 2-Wire or 4-

oltage sou

Awire Ohms DMMSetOffsetOhms()

f Wh U d interv e twice negati sitive polarity voltages can be corrected as long as the total voltage incl resistan ement voltage plus the parasitic voltage are less than 0.5V. To calculate this voltage consult the specification part of this ma O ge. ul this fun ALSE. ion is i ented only with the SM2064.

hms ran The defa t value of ction is F This funct mplem

4.3. 6-wi Gua esis Meas ent (

T 64 a 6-wire r e measur ethod. It to make resistance

he SM20 provides guarded esistanc ement m is used

m est has other shunting paths, which

easurements when the resistor-under-t can cause inaccurate readings. This ethod isolates the resistor-under-test by maintaining a guard voltage at a user-defined node. The guard voltage

m prev

ents the shunting of the DMM Ohms source current from the resistor-under-test to other components. The Guard Source and Guard Sense terminals are provided at pins 1 and 6 of the DIN connector respectively.

Warning! The DIN connector pins are only protected to a maximum of 35 V with respect to the PC chassis or any other DMM terminal. Do not apply any voltages greater than 35 V to the DIN connector pins. Violating this limit may result in personal injury and/or permanent damage to the DMM.

Example: Assume a 30 kΩ resistor is in parallel with two resistors, a 510 Ω and a 220 Ω, which are connected series with each other. In a normal resistance measurement, the 510 Ω and 220 Ω would “swamp” the measurem shunting most of the DMM Ohms source current. By sensing the voltage at the top of the 30 kΩ, and then applying this same voltage to the junction of the 510 Ω and 220 Ω, there is no current flow through the shunting path. With this “guarding”, the SM2064 accurately measures the 30 kΩ resistor.

eviate s

es such a

connection, and set the Offset Ohm

of this

various batte

Runction. en set T E, the rea al will b

abling it can a

low voltage p

uding the

be used to m er supplies and nsors. Use the norm

s to the enabled or disabled state using the

as set. Both

ce measur

4 re rded R tance urem SM2064)

-Wire measurements. Offset

ve and po

nual for the specific current for each

ent

Signametrics 36

Figure 4-4. 6-wire guarded in-circuit ohms measurement configuration.

The current compliance of the Guard Force is limited to a maximum of 20 mA and is short circuit protected. The

. Due to

resistor connected between the low of the 4-wire terminals and the guard point is the burden resisto

: R

the limited guard source current, this resistor can not be lower than R ohms sourc

e current for the selected range, and R

Ω range and measuring a 300 Ω resistor imposes a limit on R resistor, R

, does not have this limit imposed on it, selecting the measurement polarity, Ra can become Rb and vise

is the resistance being measured. For example, selecting the 330

of at least 15 Ω or greater. Since the top burden

bmin

= Io * Rx / 0.02, where Io is the

bmin

versa. For cases where this limit is a problem, simply set the measurement polarity such that R

r, or R

is the higher of the

two burden resistors.

To measure values greater than 330 kΩ using the 6-wire guarded method, it is necessary to select the 2-wire ohms function, and maintain the 6-wire connection as in Figure 4-4 above.

4.3.5 Extended Resistance Measurements (SM2064)

The Extended Resistance measurement function complements the standard resistance measurement. While the standard resistance measurement forces a constant current, this function forces a variable voltage. It is ratiometric in its operation, meaning it is using internal precision resistors to establish references for the various ranges. The maximum test current is defined by the selected range. Negative Over-Range is reached when the test current exceeds this limit. Positive Over-Range is declared when the current is lower than 0.04% of the current limit. The test current is equal to the set test voltage divided by the measured resistance value.

Ranges are defined in terms of their current limit rather than resistance. The lowest range’s current limit is set at 24µA, therefore the lowest resistance it can measure with the test voltage programmed to 10V, is about 400k. With the test voltage set to 0.1V the minimum value is about 4k. The next range’s limit is 2.4µA which corresponds with 4M at 10V and 40k with 0.1V. The highest range current is limited to 240nA, which implies that the lowest resistance it can measure with 10V source is 40M and the lowest resistance it can measure with 0.1V is 400k. The highest range practical measurement limit is as high as 10G. The connection topology with optional active guarding is depicted in Figure 4-7.

Set the test voltage using the DMMSetDCVSource() function. Due to the availability of a higher test voltages than

is available with the normal resistance function, as well as the ratiometric method, this measurement function is best for high value resistors such as measuring leaky cables. Further benefit in setti

rning on of semiconductor junctions while testing high value resistors. The combined ability to limit both voltage

tu and current is significant in test applications where the destruction of a delicate sensor is a concern. The built-in voltage source can be set between -10V an

easurement noise. For instance measurinm

d +10V. Also consider that with lower voltages, there is increase in

g 10Meg resistor with 0.1V is noisier than using 1V.

ng a specific test voltage is to prevent

37 Signametrics

Add e testing high value resistive elements such as cables, transformers, and other leaky itional applications includ

objects such as printed circuit boards, connectors and semiconductors.

Range Measurement range Resolution Voltage Range Current Limit

400kΩ 1kΩ to 100MΩ 10Ω

4MΩ 10kΩ to 1GΩ 100Ω

40MΩ 100kΩ to 10GΩ 1kΩ

±0.02V to ±10.0V 25µA

±0.02V to ±10.0V 2.5µA

±0.02V to ±10.0V 250nA

Figure 4-7. Gua g rove ccurac suring high valu stors using the Extended Resistance su e ho

.6 Eff ts f Th rmo- ffset

4.3 ec o e Voltaic O

Resistance measurem sitiv hermo-Volt errors caused by p st ont methods, inclu ire, re and 3-Wire ( hms). system in w ign are d to MM via a rela products do not provi µV. With rel ont n th SM2060 24 e a single re ected to any lo (about 2 m h ea and set ‘rela contacts, re ries

error as in

sever

Resistanc as m r ue to Thermo sets.

SM2066

33 Ω 330 Ω

3.3 kΩ 33 kΩ 330 kΩ

Ohm

ge Ran

rdin impns a y when mea e resi

mea rem t met d.

ents are sen e to T aic (Thermal EMF) . These error voltages can be

oor te leads, relay c acts and s in the measure ath. They affect all measurement

ding 2-W 4-Wi 6-Wire guarded 2-Wire o To quantify this error, consider a

hich s als route the D y multiplexing sy Many vendors of switching

de Thermal F spec it is not uncommo ind relays that have more than 50

al ay c acts i e path, n be significant. This error can be measured using the

0mV DC range. To do t is, clos lay that is not conn ad, wait for a short time

inutes), t an m sure t voltage orted relay contac to short the DMM leads

tive’ lear MM offset p asurement. To cal error, count all relay

to c i t rior to the me culate worst-case

ich a n se with measu +, V, Ω- terminal terminals in 4-

). Mul y th ount the The Use Ohms l voltage to resistance

tiplwis by rmal EMF voltage. aw to convert t

e fol ing le.

lo tab

he D

EM ification, an n to f

he across the sh ts. Make sure

the

other element ment p

stem.

the error ca

rement (V, Ω s in 2-Wire, and I+, I-

e Me ure ent E rors d -Voltaic off

s D

Current 10 m

1 m

A 100 uA 10 uA

MM esoluti

R on

µΩ 1 0 mΩ

10 mΩ 1 100 mΩ

0 µΩ 10 00 mΩ

10 mΩ 1 1 Ω

mΩ 10 00 mΩ

1 mΩ 1 1 Ω

mΩ 10 Ω 10 10 0 mΩ 1 Ω 0 mΩ 1 0 Ω 100 10 Ω 1 Ω

rror due to E

µV EMF 1

rror due to

00 µV EMF

Error due to 1mV EMF

hisWire mode

Signametrics 38

1 uA

33 MΩ 330 MΩ

4.3.7 Gu rdi g Hi h Val ance Measurements (SM2064)

Measur sist ing t Wire function re tention. Due to t involved during such measurements, noise pickup an m dielectric, if a significant length is involved, an error would result due to leakage. Figure 4.8 exemplifies this er source. It is important to emphasize that in addition to the finite leakage associated with the distributed resistan R c

ing high value re ors us he 2- quire special at he high impedances

easurement it is important to use good quality shielded cables with a low leakage dielectric. Even with a good

, there must also be a voltage present between the two conductors, the shield and the center l

urrent to develop. Provided there was a way to eliminate this voltage, leakage would have been eliminated.

100 nA 10 nA

Ω 10 00 Ω 3.3 MΩ

1 Ω 1 10 Ω

0 Ω 10 kΩ 100 10 0 Ω 1 Ω kΩ 1 0 kΩ 100 10 kΩ 1 kΩ

a n g ue Resist

d leakage could be very significant. To improve this type of

ead, for leakage

ror

ce,

Figure 4-8. Depiction of the error caused the cable leakage, R

The SM2064 ide a l that can be c hield a the dielect it ista ith ield voltage guarded with Vx, as indicated between d an he h and therefore hroug

prov s an ctive guard signa onnected to the s nd prevent the leakage caused by

ric’s fin e res nce. W the sh in Figure 4-9, there is 0V

the shiel d t igh sense wire, no current flows t h R

Figure 4-9. Guarding improves accuracy in 2-W ire measurement while testing high value resistors.

4.4 Leakage Measurements (SM2064)

The SM2064 measures leakage currents by applying a DC voltage across the device under t

urrent through it. Three ranges are provided, 240nA, 2.4uA and 24uA. The voltage can be set between -10V and

c +10V. See Figures 4-10 for connection. The DC voltage at which leakage is measured is set using

est, and measuring the

39 Signametrics

functions.

eadStr() or DMMReadNorm() DMMSetDCVSource(). Leakage current is read using DMMRead(), DMMR

Figure 4-10. Leakage test configuration; reverse diode leakage at 5V.

4.5 Measurement Timing

4.5.1 Aperture

The SM2060 and SM2064 DMM’s have several parameters governing measurement timing, including Aperture, Read Interval and Overhead time. To maintain low noise and high accuracy, the DMM shuts down all communications and other operations while converting. All other operations such as data transfers and command processing are performed while the A/D is not active. The A/D is an integrating type and has a time during which it integrates (a sort of averaging) the input. This time is the A/D Aperture. It is significant, particularly when it relates to noise rejections. For instance, in the presence of 60Hz power line environment, there is significant 60Hz and its harmonics which can contaminate a measurement. Setting the Aperture time to an integer multiple of this frequency dramatically reduces this interference. Apertures of 16.667ms, 33.33ms, 66.667ms, etc. provide this rejection.

Aperture values are made up of a set consisting of 31 discrete values. It is set using the DMMSetAperture() command, the SM2064 can set it between 2.5us and 5.066s, and the SM2060 can set it between 625us and 5.066s. While using the various Trigger modes, the Aperture time must be set to 160ms or a lower value.

4.5.2 Read Interval

The Read Interval parameter is the length of time the DMM makes a measurement, including the transfer of the measurement results. Both the Aperture and Read Interval can be set within their specified limits. Setting them allows control over measurement timing. Figure 4-11 depicts the various timing elements associated with each DMM reading cycle. The actual measurement rate is the reciprocal of the actual Read Interval (RI). The time intervals indicated “Command Reception and Processing” and the “Process & Transmit Data”, are overhead times. This means that with the Read Interval set to 0, the DMM sets the Delay to 0, resulting in a minimal Read Interval consisting of the sum of the Aperture and the two overhead times indicated below. Set the Read Interval value using the DMMSetReadInterval() functions. Keep in mind that setting it to a value lower than the Minimum Read Interval indicated in the tables below will result in it being the table value.

Signametrics 40

Figure 4-11. Anatomy of a measurement

Power Line Rejection Command/Response mode

min. Read Interval(s) / max meas. rate(Hz)

Aperture 60

50Hz 400Hz

H/W Trigger mode min. Read Interval(s) / max meas. Rate (Hz)

5.1200s [1]

5.0666s [1]

2.08s [1]

2.0s [1]

1.06666s [1] 960ms [1]

533.33ms [1] 480ms [1]

266.666ms [1]

160.0ms

133.33ms

80.00ms

66.6667ms

40.00ms

33.333ms

20.00ms

16.6667ms

√ √ √

5.0677s / 0.2 N/A

√

√ √

√ √ √

1.067s / 1 N/A

√

√ √

533.6ms / 2 N/A

√

√ √

268ms / 4 N/A

√ √ √ √

134ms / 8 133.5 ms / 8

√

√ √

67.2ms / 15 66.713 ms / 15

√

√ √

33.643ms / 29.72 33.38 ms / 30

√

√ √

16.77ms / 59.6 16.89 ms / 59

√

5.121s / 0.2 N/A

2.081s / 0.5 N/A

2.001s / 0.5 N/A

0.9605s / 1 N/A

480.2ms / 2 N/A

166ms / 6 160.3 ms / 6

80.4ms / 13 80.2 ms / 13

40.4ms / 25 40.32 ms / 24.8

20.098ms / 49.76 20.33 ms / 50

10ms 10.094ms / 99 10.25 ms / 97

8.333ms 8.422ms / 119 8.503 ms / 115 5ms 5.109ms / 195 5.187 ms / 185

4.16667ms 4.265ms / 234 4.274 ms / 220

2.5ms 2.598ms / 385 2.614 ms / 350

2.0833ms 2.177ms / 458 2.216 ms / 410

1.25ms 1.344ms / 744 1.380 ms / 625

1.0417ms 1.133ms / 880 1.158 ms / 864 625µS

520.83µS

312.5µS

260.42µS

130.21µS

2.5µS

719µs / 1,390 728 µs / 1,370 617µs / 1,625 622 µs / 1,610 410µs / 2,445 414 µs / 2,445 355µs / 2,825 358 µs / 2,825 215µs / 4,660 217 µs / 4,660 47µs / 21,600 45 µs / 22,200

[1] Not available with any of the Triggered modes.

Table 4.1: The SM2064 has 31 A/D apertures available, ranging from 5 Seconds to 2.5uSec

. The table contains

rvals and measurement rates. available measurement apertures and the corresponding minimum read inte

41 Signametrics

Aperture 60 50Hz 400Hz

5.1200s [1]

5.0666s [1]

2.08s [1]

2.0s [1]

1.06666s [1] 960ms [1]

533.33ms [1] 480ms [1]

266.666ms [1]

160.0ms

133.33ms

80.00ms

66.6

40.00ms

33.333ms

20.00ms

16.6667ms 10ms 10.36ms / 97 10.25 ms / 97

8.333ms 8.68ms / 115 8.503 ms / 115 5ms 5.36ms / 185 5.187 ms / 185

4.16 ms / 220 4.274 ms / 220 667ms 4.52

2.5ms 2.86ms / 350 2.614 ms / 350

2.0833ms 2.44ms / 410 2.216 ms / 410

1.25ms 1.6ms / 625 1.380 ms / 625

1.0417ms 1.39ms / 719 1.158 ms / 864 625µS [1] Not available with any of the Triggered modes.

Power Line Rejection Command/Response mode

min. Read Interval(s) / max meas. rate(Hz)

Hz √ √ √

5.0677s / 0.2 N/A

√

√ √

√ √ √

1.067s / 1 N/A

√

√ √

533.6ms / 2 N/A

√

√ √

268ms / 4 N/A

√ √ √ √

134ms / 8 133.5 ms / 8

√

√ √

√

√ √

33.7ms / 30 33.38 ms / 30

√

√ √

16.9ms / 59 16.89 ms / 59

√

5.121s / 0.2 N/A

2.081s / 0.5 N/A

2.001s / 0.5 N/A

0.9605s / 1 N/A

480.2ms / 2 N/A

166ms / 6 160.3 ms / 6

80.4ms / 13 80.2 ms / 13

40.4ms / 25 40.32 ms / 24.8

20.35ms / 50 20.33 ms / 50

917µs / 1,090 728 µs / 1,370

H/W Trigger mode min. Read Interval(s) / max meas. Rate (Hz)

66.713 ms / 15 667ms 67.2ms / 15

Table 4.2: The SM2060 has 26 apertures available, ranging from 5 Seconds to 625uSec

available measurement apertures and corresponding minimum read intervals and measurement rates.

. The table contains all

4.6 RTD Temperature Measurement (SM2064)

For temperature measurements, the SM2064 measure and linearize RTDs. 4-wire RTD can be used by selecting the appropriate RTD type. Any ice temperature resistance between 25 Ω and 10 kΩ can be set for the platinum t RTDs. Copper RTDs can have ice temperature resistance values of 5 Ω to 200 Ω. The highest accuracy is obtained from 4-wire devices, since this method eliminates the error introduced by the r

onnection configuration for RTDs is identical to 4-wire Ohms.

esistance of the test leads. The

ype

4.7 Internal Temperature (SM2064)

A special on board temperature senso means to determine when to run the self-calibration function (S-Cal) for the DMM, as well as predicti performance of the DMM under different operating conditions. When used properly, this measurement can enhan the accuracy and stability of the DMM. It also allows monitoring of the PC internal temperature, which is important for checking other instruments in a PC-based test system.

r allows monitoring of the DMM’s internal temperature. This provides the

ng the

4.8 Diode Characterization

The semiconductor part types. This function is designed to

Diode measurement function is used for characterizing

display a semiconductor device’s forward or reverse voltage. The DMM measures diode voltage at a selected current. The available source currents for diode I/V characterization include five DC current values, 100 ηA, 1 µA, 10 µA, 100 µA and 1 mA. The SM2064 have an additional 10 mA range. The SM2064 also has a variable current

Signametrics 42

source that can be used concurrently with DCV measurement (see “Source Current / Measure Voltage”). This allows a variable current from 10 ηA to 12.5 mA. The maximum diode voltage compliance is approximately4 V.

Applications include I/V characteristics of Diodes, LEDs, Low voltage Zener diodes, Band Gap devices, as well a

IC testing and polarity checking. Typical current level uncertainty for diode measurements is 1%, and typical

voltage uncertainty is 0.02%.

4.9 Capacitance Measurement (SM2064)

The SM2064 measure capacitance using a differential charge balance (ramp) method, where variable current utilized to 200 pF. With the exception of the 10 ηF range, each of the ranges has a reading span from 5% of range to full scale. Capacitance values less than 5% of the selected range indicate zero. Since some large value electrolytic capacitors have significant inductance, as well as leakage and series resistance, the Auto ranging function may not be practi Because Capacitance measurement is sensitive to noise, you should keep the measurement leads away from noise

urces such as computer monitors. For best measurement accuracy at low capacitance values, zero the DMM using

so the ‘Relative’ while in the 10 ηF range. The effect of the cable quality and its total capacitance is profound particularly on low value capacitance. For testing surface mount parts, use the optional Signametrics SMT Tweeter

probes. You may increase the measurement speed by using the DMMSetCapsAveSamp() function. See figure 4

for connection.

stimulate a dV/dt across the capacitor. Use short high quality shielded probe cables with no more than

s are

cal.

-12

Figure 4-12. Measuring capacitors or inductors is best handled with coaxial or shielded probe wires.

4.10 I

A fu tion, the advantage of this method is that the default sti

ability of this function to measure capacitors that have a very low value parallel resistance, which is impossible to do using conventional methods. This test function operates by figuring the complex impedance and extracting from it both, the capacitance and resistance. The measurement is practical down to a few hundred Pico Farads, and up to several thousands micro Farads, with parallel resistances as low as 20Ω to 300Ω depending on range. Once set to

this function, use DMMRead(), DMMReadStr() and DMMReadNorm() to measure the capacitance value. To ge the resistance value use DMMGetACCapsResist() following a read. Each of the ranges must be calibrated with

open terminals prior to making measurements. Each range must be calibrated. Do this by activating the AC-Caps

function, selecting the range to be calibrated and issuing DMMOpenCalACCaps(). The last function normalizes

the AC source signal. This open Calibration operation must be performed with the measurement cable or probes

n-Circuit Capacitance Measurement (SM2064)

second

method provided for measuring capacitors is the AC based method. Though not as accurate as the above

nc mulus is set at 0.45V peak, which is lower than a

iconductor junction on voltage. It may also be set over sem a wide range of voltages. A further advantage is the

43 Signametrics

plugged into the DMM, with the other end open. See figure 4-12 above for connection. If not modified by the

DMMSetACCapsLevel(

hich means that a sine wave that has a peak-to-peak amplitude of 0.9V. This level is used during both, open

w calibration and measurements. Since the DMM is op imized for this value, and it is well below most semicond on voltage, it is recommended no o change the level from

0.1V peak

alibration must be carried out. The results of DMMOpenCalACCaps() are kept in memory until the DLL is

c unloaded. Repeating Open calibration periodically will resul function must be used with a DMM

.11 Inductance Measurement (SM2064)

The ecision AC source with a frequency range of 20 Hz to 75 kHz. Since inductors can vary greatly with frequency, you should choose the appropriate generator frequency. In addition inductance, the inductor’s Q factor can be measured. A high quality coaxial or at least a shielded cable is highly recommended. For best accuracy, perform the Open Terminal Calibration function within an hour of inductance measurements. The Open Terminal Calibration function must be performed with the cable or probes plugged into the DMM, but with the other end open circuited. This process characterizes the internal signal path inside the DMM, the open application cable and the DMM circuitry. Set the Aperture to 40ms or to higher values for better accuracy.

or best measurement accuracy at low inductance values, zero the DMM often by using the ‘

F the leads shorted. This must be done a en Terminal Calibration operation. This Relative action removes the inductance of the D signal path and that of the application ca

to 5V peak using the DMMSetACCapsLevel() function. Any time the stimulus level is adjusted; open

SM2064 measures inductance using a pr

) function, when making a measurement the DMM uses a default voltage of 0.45Vpk,

t uctors

t t this default value. The stimulus voltage can be set from

t in improved accuracy. AC Capacitance measurement

Aperture of at least 80ms.

Relative’ function with

fter Op measures and

MM ble.

4.12 Characteristic Impedance Measurem

racteristic impedance, measure the cable’sTo measure transmission line’s cha

cable ope

oot of L

pec

n) and then its inductance L (wi

/C. Be certain the cable is long enough such that both the capacitance and inductance are within the

ified measurement range of the SM2064.

th the end of the cable shorted). The cable’s impedance equals the square

ent (SM2064)

capacitance C (with the end of the

4.13 Trigger Operation

Several trigger functions are provided; some are by means of an input signal to the trigger input, and others by means of input level.

on-board controller supervises the operation, and when conditions are valid, it captures data into its circular buffer, or sends it back to the PC bus. The aperture must be set to a value equal or smaller to 160ms for all trigger operations.

The Trigger functions provide for a stand-alone capture of measurements. The

4.13.1 External Hardware Trigger

The External Hardware Trigger inputs are isolated high and low input lines availabl

IN-7 connector. The External Trigger operation may be aborted using the DMMDisarmTrigger(). Read about

these functions in the Windows Command Language section (5.6) for details.

Warning! The DIN connector pins are only protected to a maximum of 35 V with respect to th or any othe Violatin

r DMM terminal. Do not apply any voltages greater than 35 V to the DIN connector pins.

g this limit may result in personal injury and/or permanent damage to the DMM.

4.13.1.1 Edge Triggered Operation

In this mode of operation, the DMM takes between 1 and 120 (or 1 and 80 if high resolution) measurements in response to the currently set edge. Once armed, the DMM waits for this Trigger event

until it occurs, or the process is aborted (DMMDisarmTrigr(nDmm)). While waiting for the selected

trigg

er edge, the DMM continuously makes measurements and stored them to the internal buffer, utilizing the whole buffer. Depending on the length of time prior to the trigger event, this circular buffer may or may not be filled / over-written. For additional information a counter is provided to counts the number times the buffer fills up while waiting for the trigger event. On reception of the trigger, the DMM takes

the number of readings specified in the DMMArmTrigger(nDmm, n) command and indicates it is ready (DMMReady() = TRUE). These post trigger readings are stored in subsequent locations of the circular

buffer. At the end of the capture process the internal buffer pointer points to the beginning of the buffer. Following the completion of the process, subsequent readings from the buffer will return 120-n pretrigger readings, followed by n post trigger readings. In the case where

Signametrics 44

e at pins 7 (+) and 4 (-) of the

e PC chassis

trigger occurred before the buffer

filled, there will be some NULL readings in the buffer, followed by pre-trigger and post-trigger is

readings. Following capture use the DMMGetTriggerInfo() function to retrieve information such as the

number of NULL readings, Pre-Trigger samples and buffer fill cycles.

4.13.1.2 Delayed Triggered Operation

In this trigger mode of operation, following the reception of the selected trigger edge, the DMM waits for the specified delay, and then it takes from 1 to 120 (or 1 to 80 if high resolution) measurements. The delay can be set from 10us to 1s.

The specified number of measurements is stored in the buffer. At the end of this operation, the internal buffer pointer points to the beginning of the buffer, such that reading the buffer starts with the first sample taken. To read all samples resulting from this operation, use one of the buffer read functions. See

DMMDelayedTrigger() function for details.

4.13.2 Analog Threshold Trigger

This mode of operation is entered by issuing the DMMArmAnalogTrigger command. In this mode, while waiting

for a trigger event, the DMM makes repeated measurements and places them in the internal buffer, as to provide pre-trigger samples. All measurements are made using the currently set range, function, Aperture and Read Interval. Trigger event occurs when the input value transverses through the set Threshold (dThresh) value, in the currently

set directions dictated by Edge (see DMMSetTrigPolarity). Following the trigger point, if enabled, the Sync output is activated (see DMMSetSync), and iPostSamples measurements are taken. At the end of this process the Sync output is deactivated. This mode may be aborted by issuing the Disarm command (DMMDisArmTrigger). Use DMMArmAnalogTrigger(int nDmm, int iPostSamples, double *dThresh). In addition to triggering on a value,

this function may be used as a zero-crossing detector, where the Sync may be used as a flag.

he dThresh value is in base units, and must be within the selected measurement range. For example, while in the

T 240 mV range, dThresh must be within -0.24 and +0.24. In the 24kΩ, range it must be set between 0.0 and

24000.0.

se the DMMReady to monitor completion of this operation. When ready, read up-to the above buffer size, using

DMMReadBuffer or DMMReadBufferStr functions. Once DMMReady returns TRUE, it should not be used

again prior to reading the buffer, since it initializes the buffer fo

Read Interval must be set between 0 (default) and 65ms. Aperture must be set between 160ms and 2.5us. The value of iPostSamples must be set between 1 and the buffer size. The buffer size is 80 for Apertures of 160ms to 1.4ms, and 120 for Apertures in the range of 2.5µs to 625us. The highest Aperture allowed for this operation is 160ms.

Aperture and Read Interval are set using the DMMSetAperture and DMMSetReadInteval functions, respectively

Figure 4-13. Analog Threshold Trigger operation with Positive Edge and Sync enabled.

r reading when it detects a ready condition.

4.13.3 Software Generated Triggered Operations

There are several software trigger functions. They can commend the DMM to make a predefined number of readings, with a specified number of settling read

MMTrigger, DMMBurstRead and DMMBurstBuffRead. Read about these functions in the Windows

Command Language section (5.6) for details.

ings. These include DMMSetBuffTrigRead, DMMSetTrigRead,

45 Signametrics

4.13.3.1 Burst Read Operation

In response to the DMMBurstRead(nDmm, iSettle, iSamples) command, the DMM enters a tight measurement

loop, where it samples the input and returns measurements to the c

iSett l of iSamples * (iSettle + 1) are taken by the DMM, and

le + 1 samples, sending only the last sample. A tota

iSamples are sent back. With the Read Interval set to 0, the total time per measurement is (iSettle + 1) * Aperture

time plus the time it takes to transmit the data back. The last is equal to 132µ for Aperture times greater than 625µs, and 88µs for other apertures. For instance, if iSettle is set to 3, and the Aperture is set to 10ms, the total time per sample will be 4 * 10ms + 132us = 40.132ms. iSettle may be set to a value between 0 to 250. The total number o measurements, iSam sampling timing. Failing to read the measurements at the rate they become available, or not reading all of the readings will result in communicaiton overrun. Aperture must be set to 160ms or lower value. The Sync output line

maybe turned on to synchronize external devices (DMMSetSync(0, Yes, 1)).

To retrieve the readings, following the iss of the DMMBurstRead command, use the DMMReadMeasurement

For proper operation, you must ret

i = DMMBurstRead(0, 2, 1000) ‘Take two setteling readings per sample, make 1000 measurements For i = 0 To 1000 – 1 'Tight read loop, need to get them as fast as they come. Read 1000 While DMMReadMeasurement(0, rd(i)) = No ‘ wait for readings to Wend Next

ples, must be between 1 and 60,000. Setting the Read Interval can help with fine tuning of the

ue .

rieve iSamples readings.

alling S/W. For each measurement sent, it takes

be ready, and pick them

4.13.3.2 Multiple Trigger Capture Operation

In response to the DMMSetBuffTrigRead (nDmm, iSettle, iSamples, iEdge) command, the DMM waites for hardware trigger edge of iEdge polarity to make measurements. For each trigger input it makes a measurement(s), storing the results in its on-board buffer. For each measurement is made up of iSettle + 1 samples, saving only the last sample. A total of iSamples trigger input pulses are required to complete the capture process, and iSamples are

aved to the buffer. With the Read Interval set to 0,

s the total time per measurement is (iSettle + 1) * Aperture plus the time it takes to save the data to the buffer. The last is equal to 130µ for Aperture times greater than 625µs, and 117µs for other apertures. iSettle may be set to a value between 0 to 250. The total number of measurements, iSamples, must be between 1 and 80 for Apertur greater than 625µs, 120 otherwise. Setting the Read Interval can help with fine tuning of the sampling timing. Use the DMMReady() function to monitor completion. Aperture tim must not exceed 160ms.

i = DMMSetBuffTrigRead(0, 2, 50, LEADING) ‘two setteling readings, 50 samples and positive Edge.

W mpletion

hile DMMReady (0) = No ‘ wait for co

end

For i = 0 To Samp - 1 'Read measuremets from buffer. DMMReadBuffer 0, rd(i) Next

4.13.3.3 Burst Capture to Buffer

The DMMBurstBuffRead function is similar to the soft Trigger function, DMMTrigger. In response to the DMMBurstBuffRead (nDmm, iSettle, iSamples) command, the DMM captures iSamples and stores them to the on- board buffer. For each measurement saved it takes iSettle + 1 samples, saving the last one. With the Read Interval set to 0, the total time per measurement is (iSettle + 1) * Aperture time plus the time it takes to save the data to the buffer. The last is equal to 130µ for Aperture times greater than 625µs, and 117µs for other apertures. iSettle may be set to a value between 0 to 250. The total number of measurements, iSamples, must be between 1 and 80 for Apertur

greater than 625µs, 120 otherwise. Setting the Read Interval can help with fine tuning of the sampling timing. Use

the DMMReady() function to monitor completion. Aperture time must not exceed 160ms.

i = DMMBurstBuffRead(0, 2, 50) ‘two setteling readings, 50 samples and positive Edge. While DMMReady (0) = No ‘ wait for completion of capture process Wend For i = 0 To 50 - 1 'Read measuremets from on-board buffer. DMMReadBuffer 0, rd(i) Next

Signametrics 46

4.13.3.4 Triggered Burst Capture

This function is similar to the Burst Read operation above. In response to the DMMSetTrigRead (nDmm, iSettle, iSamples, iEdge) command, the DMM enters a tight loop, where it responds to a trigger edge. On each of these

edges triggers the DMM to capture and send back a measurement. The total of trigger edges and measurement being equal to iSamples. For each hardware trigger edge, the DMM takes iSettle + 1 measurements, sending the last one. The S/W must keep up and read those samples as they come. iSettle may be set to a value between 0 to 250. The total number of measurements, iSamples, must be between 1 and 30,000. Setting the Read Interval can help with

defining the sampling timing. Use the DMMReady() function to monitor completion. Aperture time must not

exceed 160ms. The amount of time it takes the DMM to transmit the data back depends on the selected Aperture. It is about 132µ for Aperture times greater than 625µs, and 88µs for other apertures.

i = DMMSetTrigRead(0, 2, 500, LEADING) ‘Two setteling readings per sample, 500 measurements For i = 0 To 500 – 1 'Tight read loop, need to get them as fast as they come. Read 500 While DMMReadMeasurement(0, rd(i)) = No ‘ wait for readings to be ready, and pick them Wend Next

4.14 Frequency and Time Measurements

While the maximum RMS reading is limited to the set range, you can use most of the timing functions even if the RMS voltage reading indicates over range. This is true as long as the input peak-to-peak value does not exceed 6 times the selected range.

4.14.1 Threshold DAC

All timing measurements utilize the AC Voltage path, which is AC coupled. You need to select the appropriate ACV range prior to using the various frequency and timing measurement functions. The SM20 feat or all waveforms. Unlike symmetrical waveformure to accurately make these measurements f wav may produce a non-zero DC bias at the frequency counter’s

e and square wave, non-symmetrical waves comparator input. Other DMM’s have the comparator hard-wired to the zero crossing, and therefore canno asymmetrical wave such as a very low duty cycle signal. The SM2064 have a bipolar, variable Threshold DAC that enables these DMM’s to performance of these measurements. Functions affected by the Threshold DAC include frequency, period, pulse-width, duty-cycle and the Totalizer/Event Counter.

The Threshold DAC has 12 bits of resolution. Depending on the selected ACV range, this bipolar DAC can be set from a few mV to several hundred volts, positive or negative. See the Specifications sections for the limits of AC M dian Value measurements and Threshold DAC sete

The best setting of the Threshold DAC is based on the AC Median Value and Peak-to-Peak meas earl 10% duty cycle. This input has a median value of 2 V. A 90% dutier. For example 5 V logic level signal with cycl ting the Threshold DAC to the appropriate median value will result

e signal will have a –2 V median value. Set in reliable and accurate timing measurements in each case.

tings.

64 have a novel

s such as a sine

t handle

urement described

Figure 4-13. AC coupled timing measurements with Threshold DAC.

47 Signametrics

In Figure 4-13, the DMM is set to 2.4 ACV range, while the input is a 10% duty-cycle wave with 5 V peak-to-

peak. Due to AC coupling, the input at the comparator is –0.5 V to + 4.5 V. The Median Value is +2.0 V, which would be the optimal Threshold value.

Figure 4-14. Comparator and Threshold DAC Settings

4.14.2 Frequency and Period Measurements

Both Freq. and Per. check boxes are only visible when ACV or ACI functions are selected. These check boxes are

used to make frequency or period measurements. control panel alternately updates the amplitude reading followed by the frequency reading slower than indicated when frequency is activated. In the Windows control panel, period Once the frequency range is acquired, Frequency and Period have a maximum measurement time of about 1 se It could take up to five measurements before the correct frequency range is auto-selected. This process is auto Once within range, the ne

Both Frequency and Period measurement performance can be improved by properly setting the Threshold DAC, a novel feature of the SM2064. See “Threshold DAC”, “AC Median Value”, and “Peak-to-Peak” measurements for

further details.

xt frequency measurement is made at the last selected range.

Freq. measures from 2 Hz to 300 kHz. When activated, the

. The reading rate is

(Per) is also selectable.

cond.

matic.

4.14.3 Duty Cycle Measurement

Duty Cycle of signals from 2 Hz to 100 kHz can be measured. The minimum positive or negative pulse width of the signal must be at least 19µs. When measuring dut im ortant, due to finite slew rates of the signal. With the SM2064, the Threshold voltage can be set for precise

control of the level at which duty cycle is measured. For best measurement re Med nd small amplitude relative to the

ian value. This is particularly important for signals with low duty-cycle a

sele

cted scale.

y cycle precisely, the voltage at which the measurement is made is

sults, set the Threshold DAC to the

4.14.4 Pulse Width

User selectable positive or negative pulse widths may be measured for signal frequencies of 2 Hz to 25 kHz and minimum pulse widths of 19 µs. The Threshold DAC feature allows measurements at a pre-defined signal level. See Threshold DAC above for more details.

To measure pulse width, the DMM must be in the AC volts range appropriate for the input voltage. Keeping the peak-to-peak amplitude of the measured signal below 5.75 times the set range will guarantee the signal is within the linear region of the AC circuitry and gives the best performance.

4.14.5 Totalizer Event Counter

The Totalizer can be selected while the DMM is in the ACV mode. It is capable of counting events such as ove voltage excursions, switch closures, decaying resonance count, etc. The active edge polarity can be set for a p or negative transition. A count of up to 10 events per second.

Signametrics 48

may be accumulated. The maximum rate of accumulation is 30,000

ositive

The Threshold DAC can be set for a negative or positive voltage value. See Threshold DAC above for more details.

Example One: To monitor and capture the AC line for positive spikes which exceed 10% of the nominal 120 V

MS value, first select ACV 250 V range, than set tR

120 V RMS plus 10% (120V + 10%) X times this value wa de

s excee d.

he Threshold DAC to 186.7 V. This value is the peak value of

). En le talizer and read it periodically to get th

ab the To e number of

Example Two: Defects in coils, inductors, or transformers can be manifested as an increas attenuated resonance when s c . The Totalizer function can be

ransition owt s above a preset Threshold voltage as in the Figure 4-15 bel .

timulated with a charged apacitor

ed decay, or greatly

utilized to count

Figure 4-15. Testing inductor Q by counting the number of transitions of decaying resonance

4.15 Sourcing Functions (SM20. 64)

The SM2064 adds a number of sourcing functions, giving greater versatility for a variety of applicat

, DC, V C, IDC are isolated (flavailable sources V A , ti respect to the PC chassis). This allows so a significant common mode voltage as well as the ability t DC current, or in series for increased DC voltage.

tal-to-analog converters (DACs) are used for t ce functions, a 12-bit DAC, and a Trim DAC. Two digi

last augments the 12-bit DAC rm it site D and adds an additional 8 bits of reso

nction otherwise onlfu s requiring high precision, use both DACs by se g the ClosedLoop mode,

s u only.

DAC i

tilized. DCI source is limited to the 12-bit DAC

to fo a 16 b compo AC lution. For

oa ng with urcing with

o connect several SM2064 units in parallel for increased

he sour The

lectin y the 12-bit

ions. All of the

All three source functions use the V,Ω - ls of the SM2064.

+, and the V,Ω termina

4.15.1 DC Voltage Source

he SM2064 has a fully isolated bipolar DC voltage source. Two modes of operation are available: fast settling or

losed loop. In the ClosedLoop mode the DMM monitors the voltage source output, and updates it using the

c composite 16 bit DAC, at a rate proportional to the set measurement rate. The Clo accuracy and resolution. An aperture of 160ms or higher recommended for the ClosedLoop mode settling mode, no adjustments are made and the 12maximum drive. The output source resistance of the DCV source is approximately 220 Ω. See Figure 4-15 for connection.

bit DAC is used. Up to ±10.0 V can be sourced, with 10 mA

sedLoop mode offers the best

. In the fast

49 Signametrics

Figure 4-15. Sour ge. Monitoring of the output in closed loop operation.

4.15. Voltage

2 AC Source

cing DC volta

The AC voltag rce is fully iso ClosedLoop he source vol prop gher is recommended for the ClosedLoop

ortional to the set measurement rate. An aperture of 160ms or hi mode. The ClosedLoop mode offers the best accuracy. In the fast settling mode, the source voltage is monitored a can be displayed, but no DAC adjustments are made. Both amplitude and frequency can be set. The frequency range is 2 Hz to 75 kHz, and the amplitude is up to 20 V peak-to-peak with 10 mA maximum peak current drive. The output impedance is approximately 250 Ω.

e sou lated. It has two modes of operation: fast settling or closed loop. In the

mode, t tage is monitored, and corrections are made to the composite 16-bit DAC at a rate

Signametrics 50

igure 4-16. Generating AC voltage. Monitoring of the output in closed loop operation.

4.15.3 DC Current Source

The SM2064 has a fully isolated unipolar DC current source with five ranges. It uses the 12-bit DAC to control current level. This source function is useful for parametric component measurements as well as for system verification and calibration, where a precise DC current is necessary to calibrate current sensing components.

For improved resolution of the curre in the calibration record, or the cont Further details are in Chapter 6.

nt source, use the Trim DAC. It has to be set separately, since it is not included

rol software. Use

DMMSetTrimDAC

() command with a parameter of 0 to 100.

4.15.4 Source Current - Measure Voltage

When sourcing current and measuring voltage, there are two connection configurations: 1) Four wire connection, where the current sourcing terminals and the voltage sense terminals are connected to the load, as in 4-wire Ohms measurement function; and 2) Tw

robes as in the 2-wire Ohms measurement configuration. The first method eliminates lead resistance errors. One

p application is in semiconductor diode characterization discussed in Component Testing above. See Current Output for range details. Voltage compliance is limited to 4 V in both configurations.

o wire connection, where the current source terminals also serve as voltage sense

Source

Figure 4-15. Sourcing DC current and measuring voltage in be used for sem ametric tes

4.16 Interfacing to the SM4040 series Relay Scanners

The SM2060 series of Digital Multimeters are following section describes both, the hardwar synchronized operation.

4.16.1 Triggering the SM2

The SM2060 seri hardware trig cluding the SM4000 scanners. The latter can be setup to tr ment any tim channel. The interface requires a single

jumper between t g_com and C etween the SM4000 +5V and

TRIG_out to the r inputs. The erations can run independently from the computer, whereby the Scanner selec List table, and the DMM is triggered to take measurements fo annel selectio

es can accept a

igger a measure

he SM4000 Tri

SM2060 Trigge

the two-wire configuration. This function can

ts. iconductor par

designed to interface to the SM4000 series relay scanners. The

e interface and the software functions required to implement a

060 DMM’s

ger from many sources, in

e the scanner selects a new

ommon lines, and a connection b

various SM4000 auto-scanning op

ts channels from its Scan n. llowing each ch

51 Signametrics

ger interfacing

o an SM2060 class of DMM’s. Figure 4-16. Trig connection t

4.16.2 M

or two wire mea e SM2060 DM the scanner, or to both, the A-

us and C-Bus for 4-Wire measurements (assuming an SM4040 or SM4042 scanner). It is important to consider

B system-settling time when making measurements. T contributed by various sources. These include the sc wiring capacitance. The latter will varies with the type of measurement. For instance, when making high value Ohms measurements the DMM current source level could contribute significant delay due to the capacitance char time. For example, with 1,000pf cable capacitance, the source current of the SM2064 DMM using the 33MΩ rang is 0.1µA which translates to 33ms (dt = C*dV/I). It is also recommended to set the appropriate number of settlin

easurements for the DMM (m

4.16.3 Interface Commands and

The sequence requires the SM SM4040. Start by setting the SM4040 to the desired configuration, with Trigger Output enabled and positive polarity. Each channel selection will generate a positive pulse with duration equal to the actua be generated by one of t

DMMSetTrigR

scan. Since it’s on board FIFO i

it i rror occurs.

scan, s important to have a tight loop that reads the measurements fast enough so that no overrun e

Refer t Figure 4-16 for proper trigger connection.

SCANTrigg tState(nScan bled, PerOu , Ena osEd nReadings = 100 DMMSetTrigRead(nDmm, 4, nReadings, NegEdge) // Total of 100

while(DM Next SCANOpenAllChannels(nScan)

ultiplexing with the SM

surements, th

a minimum of 4 is recommended regardless of measurement rate).

M must be connected to the A-Bus or F

2060 DMM’s

ime delays exist in any measurement system. These delays are

anner’s relay actuation times, the DMM input settling and

Timing

2060 DMM to make triggered measurements. The triggers are generated by the

tion time. This could

he scanning. The SM2060 must be set up for triggered readings by using the

ead() command. In the following Visual Basic® example, the SM2060 sends readings during the

s limited to 5 readings, and the DMM must continue to send all readings during the

ge) // Set trigger output to Positive edge.

// Total number of measurements to take

readinigs and 4 settling readings

nScan, nSteps) // Start auto scan SCANAutoScan(

dings -1 // read values as they come

aFor I = 0 to nRe

MReadMeasurement(nDmm, reading) = NO // wait for each reading and store it

// Good idea to open all channels when done

Figure 4-17. Tr gered reading p

Unlike the previous example, DMMSetB

surements to it’s on-board buffer, whmea

mited to a maximum of 64 readings per scan.

liis

SCANTriggerOutState(nScan, Enabled, PosEdge) ‘ Set trigger output to Positive edge. nReadings = 50 ‘ Total number of measurements to take DMMSetBuffTrigRead(nDmm, 4, nReadings, NegEdge) ‘ Use 4 settling readings each

SCANAutoScan(nSca

ig rocess and timing of SM4042 Scanner and an SM2064 DMM’s.

n, nSteps) ‘ Set off AutoScan

Signametrics 52

uffTrigRead() is not time critical since the DMM saves all

ich is read after the scan is complete. However, this function

hile DMMReady(nDmm) = NO ‘ wait for the DMM to indicate completion

W Wend For I = 0 to nReadings -1 ‘ read values stored in the buffer

while(DMMReadBuffer(nDmm, reading(I)) ‘ Store each reading Next SCANOpenAllChannels(nScan) ‘ Good idea to open all channels when done While SCANReady(nScan) = NO ‘

Since AutoScan is a polled operation, DoEvents ' Make sure Scanner is ready Wend

There are several SM2060 family commands to be considered for this operation:

DMMSetTrigRead(), DMMSetBuffTrigRead(), DMMReadMeasurement(), DMMReady(), DMMReadBuffer() and DMMReadBufferStr().

Referring to fig

an t-Delay, for completion of the measurements prior to the selection of the next channel.

ure 4.17, the total time it takes the DMM make a reading must be set to be shorter

4.17 Measuring Temperature with Thermocouples

The SM2060 series of Digital Multimeters have built in linearization for eight thermocouple types including B, E,

, N, R, S and T. In addition th

temperature. The DMMSetTemperatureUnits() selects between C and F. Once selected, all subsequent

e DMM has means for both, entering and measuring the reference (cold) junction

o o

temperature functions should consider the set temperature units. DMMSetTCType() selects the type of

thermocouple being measured. It can be used as frequently as needed when measuring several types. Prior to measuring a Thermocouple it is important to set the reference, or cold junction temperature. This can be done as often as necessary as to keep track of variations in this temperature. Once set, all subsequent thermocouple measurements will use and compensate for this temperature. One way to set this temperature is to simply pass it to

the DMM using the DMMSetCJTemp(). Make su

junc

tion temperature range is 0

SM4 eing utilized to connect the thermocouples, DMMReadCJTemp() should be used

0T screw terminal block is b

C to 50oC. If using the SM4042 or SM4040 to mult

re to set it to the currently set tem

perature units. The cold

iplex the thermocouples, and the

to measure the cold junction. Make sure to select and connect the “D” to the “A” bus of the SM4000 switching. The third method of measuring and entering the cold junction temperature is by measuring a user provided sensor. Provided this sensor have an output between –3.3V and +3.3V, and it can be characterize by the equation used by

the DMMReadCJTemp(); t

= b + (V

– a) / m, the parameters can be set using DMMSetSensorParams(). V

cjs

the sensor generated voltage, a, b and m are the coefficients which are entered using DMMSetSensorParams() and

the cold junction temperature. Once set, use DMMReqadCJTemp() to measure the sensor temperature.

cjs

4.18 Using the PXI bus Trigger Facilities (SMX2064)

The designed to interface to the PXI J2 Triggers. That includes the SMX2064 PXI Digital Multimeters is PXI_TRIG0 through PXI_TRIG6 and PXI_STAR trigger. The trigger to the DMM is a Wire-Ored function of t

external trigger from the DIN-7 connector, and the PXI_TRIG input. The data ready signal from the SMX2064 can

be selected to drive PXI_TRIG1 through PXI_TRIG6 or the PXI_STAR trigger. The DMMSetPXITrigger()

function is used to select the input and output trigger.

4.18.1 Selecting PXI Trigger Outputs

The DMM issues a Data Ready pulse each time the A/D is done making a measurement, indicati

ready to be read. A short (about 100µs) negative pulse is issued for each measurement, with the

ositive edge indicating data is ready. The Trigger output is selected by the third parameter (iTrigOut) of

e DMM lse can be set to be output to any of the following lines.

th setPXITrigger() function. The trigger pu iTrig

Out Trigger Output Routing 0 Disables trigger output 0 0 0 0 1 PXI_TRIG1 0 1 0 PXI_TRIG2 0 1 1 PXI_TRIG3 1 0 0 PXI_TRIG4 1 0 1 PXI_TRIG5 1 1 0 PXI_TRIG6 1 1 1 PXI_STAR

ng data

53 Signametrics

4.18.2 Selecting PXI Trigger Inputs

The trigger input to the DMM is the wired-ored signal of the the selected PXI bus trigger. Make sure that no s PXI trigger bus is in use. When using the DIN-7 trigger inp (iTrigInput = 0). Read about the operation of the External Hard that operation pertains to both, the external and the PXI tr selected by the second parameter (iTrig may be selected from an

iTrigIn 0 0 0 Disables PXI trigger input 0 0 1 PXI_TRIG1 0 1 0 PX RI_T IG2 0 1 1 PX RI_T IG3 1 0 0 PXI_TRIG4 1 0 1 PXI_TRIG5 1 1 0 PXI_TRIG6 1 1 1 PXI_STAR

The default, when the DMM is initialized (started) is for both Trigger input and output bto e deselected, or disabled.

y of the following lines.

Selected PXI Trigger input

In) of the DMMsetPXITrigger() function. The DMM trigger input

ignal is connected to the DIN-7 trigger input while the

trigger input from the DIN-7 connector and

ut make sure the trigger input is Disabled

ware trigger in the above sections, since

igger input operations. The Trigger input is

Signametrics 54

5.0 Windows Interface

he Windows interfacT includes both, a DLL and a windows Kernel driver. This package is sufficient for most windows based software being used to control the DMM.

e package provided with the SM2060 series DMM is a 32bit DLL based modules, which

5.1 Distribution Files

The distribution diskette contains all the necessary components to install a any eans for various software packages to

of the Microsoft® Windows™ operating systems. It also provides m control the DMM. Before installing the DMM or software, read the “Readme.txt” file. To install this so Program" menu select ‘autorun.exe’ from the provided CD by double-click. Most files on this CD are comp and are automatically installed by running ‘autoru

e respective product directory.

he SM2060 DLL is a protected-mode M

gn ’s. Also provided are samples Visual Basic™ front-panel application and a C++ sample, to

ametrics DMM

dem XT file for more information about the

onstrate the DMM and the interface to the DLL. Check the README.T files

contained on the diskette. Some important files to note are:

File Description

icrosoft® Windows™ DLL that is capable of handling up to ten

n’, which in turn executes the setup.exe file located on the CD in

nd run the DMM on computers running

ftware "Run

ressed,

SM60CAL.DAT

SM20603

SM206032.D

SM206032.H

DMMUser.H

Msv 5

2.LIB

bvm 0.dll

Configuration file containing calibration information for each DMM. Do not write into this file unless you are performing an external calibration! This file is normally placed at the C:\ root directory by the setup program, and should be left there. It may contain calibration records for several DMM’s.

The Windows import library. Install in a directory pointed to by your

LIB environment variable.

SM2060 driver DLL module definition file.

The 32-bit driver DLL. This should be installed either in your working directory, in th

TH. The installatio

system dire

C:\WINNT\

er header file. Contains the definitions of all the DMM’s function

Driv

ototypes for the DLL, constant definitions, and error codes. Install in

pr a directory pointed to by

Header file containing all of the necessary DMM’s function, range, rate definitions to be used with the various measure and source functions.

Visual Basic run-tim

C:\WINDOWS\SYSTEM (or equi

installed, you will be prompte for proper extraction an

e Windows system directory, or in a directory on your

n program installs this file in your Windows

ctory (usually C:\WINDOWS\SYSTEM for Win98/95 or

SYSTEM32 for Windows NT).

your INCLUDE environment variable.

e interpreter. Usually already installed in your

valent) directory. If it is not already

d to install it by running Msvbvm50.exe

stration.

d regi

SM2064.vbw

SM2064.frm

SM2064.vbp

2044glbl.bas

Visual Basic project file

Visual Basic file with ma

Visual Basic project file

Visual Basic file with all global DMM declarations

in form

55 Signametrics

File Description

SM2064.exe

rt.dll System file. Installs in your C:\WINDOWS\SYSTEM directory.

Msvc

Windrvr.vxd

Visual Basic DMM control panel executable

Win98/95/Me Virtual Device Driver. Installs by ‘setup’ in your

C:\WINDOWS\SYSTEM\VMM32 directory.

Windrvr.sys

Win NT Virtual Device Driver. Installs by ‘setup’ in your

C:\WINNT\SYSTEM32\DRIVERS directory.

Install.doc

Installation instructions in MS Word

Important Note about the SM60CAL.DAT file:

The file SM60CAL.DAT contains calibration information for each DMM, and determ

performance for that DMM. You must not alter this file unless you are performing an

ines the overall analog

external calibration of the DMM. This file may contain multiple records for more than one DMM. Each record starts with a header line, followed by calibra

tion data.

card_id 10123 type 2044 calibration_date 06/15/1999 ad ; A/D compensation

72.0 20.0 vdc ; VDC 330mV, 3.3V, 33V, 330V ranges. 1

-386.0 0.99961

-37.0 .999991

-83.0 0.999795

-8.8 1.00015 v ; VAC 1st lin

ac e - DC offset. Subsequent lines: 1

5 ; starting with the 330mV range, and

.303 last line is for the 250V range.

0.84 1.015461 23

0.0043 1.0256 23

0.0 1.02205 0

0.0 1.031386 idc

; IDC 3.3mA to 2.5A ranges. 1

-1450.0 1.00103

-176.0 1.00602

-1450.0 1.00482

-176.0 1.0 ia ; IAC 3.3mA to 2.5A ranges, offs

c et and gain

1.6 1.02402

0.0 1.03357

1.69 1.00513

0.0 1.0142 2w-ohm ; Ohms 33, 330, 3.3k,...,330Meg ranges, offset an

12700.0 1.002259 ;in the SM2060, the 1

1256.0 1.002307

110.0 1.002665

0.0 1.006304

0.0 1.003066

0.0 1.001848

0.0 0.995664

0.0 1.00030

…

entry is offset, 2nd is gain parameter

entry is Offset the 2nd is gain parameters

entry is Offset the 2nd is gain, 3rd freq. comp

d gain

and last lines are placeholders

he first line identifies the DMM and the calibration date. The "card-id" is stored in ROM on each DMM. During

initi rom the DMM.CFG file to identify where the DMM is located in I/O

alization the driver uses the information f

space, reads the "card-id" a

nd "calibration_da

te", and then reads the corresponding calibration information from the

SM60CAL.DAT file.

Signametrics 56

During initialization (DMMInit()), the driver reads various parameters such as DMM type (SM2060/44), and serial number, and then reads th information from the SM60CAL.DAT file.

The DMMInit() function

parameters that are the names of these files. A qualified technician may modify individual entries in the calibration

file, then relo the DMMLoadCalFile command.

ad them using

e corresponding calibration

reads the information from these files to initialize the DMM. DMMInit accepts

5.2 Using the SM

Install the SM206032.H an

for header files. This head and, you

will need to convert the SM h the compiler. Install SM2060.

software must be installed

your program will do a Lo e DLL

automatically.

In using the SM2060 drive

the DMM function. The D H header file, and have names that clearly indicate the function they invoke. Use DMMSetAperture and DMMSetReadInterval to set the reading

te defined in the header f

ra ile.

Two functions are provide precision (double) resul atted string ready to be displayed.

All functions accept a DMM-number parameter, which must be set to the value nDmm, which was returned by DMMInit() function. For

can be retrieved as a string

5.2.1 Multiple

Single .EXE opera

e Windows DLL. A com

th bination of several SM2060s and SM2064s can be controlled, as long as the single .EXE

hread) is used to control

(T all of the units. Make sure that prior to issuing commands to any DMM, it is initialized

using DMMInit(). The nD

Since this configuration ut

e at a time. For example L must finish

ading the DCV before it will proceed to take a Capacitance reading. Being a relatively slow measurement,

apacitance will dictate the measurement throughput. For improved performance, one can use the following:

Multiple .EXE operation

By having several M206032.D hem, you can run multiple DMM’s with separate executables. For instance, having a copy named SM206032A.DLL in C:\windows\system (Win98/95), and having two executable fi e0.exe and M ng

calls to the respective DLL. This can provide an execution throughput advantage over the method mentioned above.

If using Visual Ba xe.exe so nDmm = 1. Also the first should declare th

MultiExe1.exe VB function declarations:

/*********************************************************************** * Exmp2040.C Exmp2040.EXE *

MultiExe0.exe VB function declarations:

Declare Function DMMInit Lib "SM2060.dll" (ByVal calFile As String) As Lo Declare Fun Read Lib "SM2060.dll" (ByVal nDmm As Long, dResult As Double) As Long NDmm = 0

Declare Func "sm2043 Long Declare Function DMMRead Lib "sm20432A.dll" (ByVal nDmm As Long, dResult As Double) As Long NDmm = 1

copies of S LL, and renaming t

les, MultiEx ultiExe1.exe, each of the executables will run independently, maki

sic, the MultiE urce code should define nDmm = 0, and MultiExe1.exe should define

ction DMM

tion DMMInit Lib 2A.dll" (ByVal calFile As String) As

2060 Driver With C++ or Similar Software

d DMMUser.H header file in a directory that will be searched by your C/C++ compiler

er file is known to work with Microsoft Visual C++™. To compile using Borl

2060.DEF and SM2060.LIB using ImpDef.exe and ImpLib.exe, provided wit

LIB in a directory that will be searched by the linker for import libraries. The SM2060

prior to running any executable code. Install the SM2060.DLL in a location where either adLibrary call to load it, or on the PATH so that Windows will load th

r, first call DMMInit to read the calibration information. Call DMMSetFunction to set

MM function constants are defined in the DMMUser.

d to return DMM readings. DMMRead returns the next reading as a scaled double-

t, and DMMReadStr returns the next reading as a form

multiple DMM’s, this value will be 0,1,2.. n. Most functions return an error code, which

using DMMErrStr().

Card Operations under Windows

tion

’s from a single executabAccessing multiple DMM le is the most common way for running up to 10 DMM’s using

mm parameter is passed with each DLL command to define the DMM to be accessed.

ilizes the DLL to service all DMM’s, it must handle a single reading or control command

, when one DMM reads DCV, and another reads Capacitance, the DL

e SM2060.DLL and the second should declare SM2064.DLL:

57 Signametrics

* A simple Windows .EXE example for demonstrating the SM2060,64 * DMM’s using "C"

Sets Function to VDC, Range to 24V, Aperture set to 160ms.

* * nts a Message box.

Display five measureme

**************************** *******

ake sure SM206032.lib is inclu

M ded in the libraries. For Microsoft

* Ve

rsion 4.0 C++ and above, pla * Workspace, along side wi * PROJECT SETTINGS: * * /nologo /ML /W 2 /D "WIN32" /D "NDEBUG" /D "_CONSOL * /FR"Release/" /Fp"Rele o"Release/" /Fd"Release/" /FD /c * * Copy LIB to the project directory * ***********************************************************************/ // #include <windows.h> #include <string.h> #ifdef _Wind #define _W #endif #include "SMX2060.h" #include "DMMUser.h" int main(void){ int I, nDmm = 0; char Read[16]; char strMsg[256]; i = DMMInit(nDmm if(i<0) MessageBox(0, DMMSetFunction DMMSetRange(n DMMSetAperture strcpy(strMsg,""); for(i=1; i<= 5; i++ DMMReadStr(nDmm, Read); // read strcat(strMsg,Read); // Append each reading Msg," "); // insert space between readings } MessageBox(0,strMsg, "SM206032.DLL Read Resistance & VDC",MB_OK); // Show readings

}

both SM206032.DLL and SM206032. .

#define WINAPI __stdcall

strcat(str

return 0L;

3 /GX /O E" /D "_MBCS"

ows INDOWS

using

*** *******************************

ce under 'Source Files' in the

th Exmp2060.c

ase/Exmp2060.pch" /YX /F

// functions declarations and error codes. // All functions, range and rate info and function declarations.

// Address first DMM in the system

,"C:\\SM60CAL.dat"); // initialize SM2064, and read calibration file

"Initialization ERROR !", "Startup SM206032 DLL",MB_OK); // Error (nDmm,VDC); // Set to DCV function Dmm,_24V); // and to 33V range (nDmm,

// Clear string store ){

APR_p16s); // 160ms Aperture

// take 5 readings

5.3 Visual B Front Pan

The Visual Basic front application, SM2064.EX .

When it loads it w ew seconds to

asic

panel

ill take a f initialize and self calibrate the hardware before the front panel is

displayed.

The push buttons , I, etc. control the DMM function. As you push a

will switch the D e selected range and function. Autorange mode is selected

check box. The S x recalibrates the ving the DMM in the same state prior to operation. (This is an internal calibratio d is different fro ternal calibration, which writes to the SM60CAL.DAT file. S-Cal is used to c ernal of operating temperature).

labeled V function, the front panel application MM to th by pushing the AutoRange

-Cal bo

n only, an

orrect for any int fset and gain drifts due to changes in

Signametrics 58

el Application

E, is an interactive control panel for the SM2060 DMM

DMM, lea

m the ex

The freq and per check boxes are context sensitive and appear in ACV and ACI. When freq is enabled, the

frequency and am at the this mode, the reading rate is slower than indicated. When

plitude are shown same time. In

per is enabled, the period is shown. The SM2064 panel have additional capabilities, which are disabled if an

SM2060 is detected.

The source code file ory of th

clarations and the variou anges definitions are the duplicates

de s r , rates and other parameters that are

the “C” header files req o w he driver DLL, along with

of uired t rite Visual Basic applications which interact with t

me particular front-panel application.

so global variables required for this

5.3.1 Visual Basic Sim

The following is a simple p

GLOBAL.BAS (in the V_BASIC direct e distribution di

required. These

ple Application

anel application for Visual Basic, which includes two files, Global.Bas and

skette) contains the function

SimplePanel.frm. It has a panel that contains two objects, a Text Box to display the DMM readings, and a

Command Bu ts as a reading trigger.

tton that ac

Global.bas module file c

ontents:

Option Explicit ' Declare all functions we are going to be using: From SM206032.H file. Declare Function DMMInit Lib "SM2060.dll" (ByVal nDmm as long, ByVal calFile As String) As Long Declare SetAperture Lib "SM2060.dll" (ByVal nDmm As Long, ByVal nAperture As Long) _ As Long Declare Function DMM Declare Function DMM Declare Function DMM

' Definitions from DMM ' for DMMSetFunction Global Const VDCFun Global Const VACFun Global Const Ohm2Fu Global nDmm as Long

' for DMMSetRange() Global Const Range0 = Global Const Range1 Global Const Range2 Global Const Range3

'Measurement Apertures for use w Global Const APR_1p0666s = Global Const APR_p96s = 5 '96 Global Const APR_p5333s = 6 '5 Global Const APR_p48s = 7 '480ms Global Const APR_p2666s = 8 '2 Global Const APR_p16s = 9 '160ms Global nDmm As Long ' Global

Function DMM

SetFunction Lib "SM2060.dll" (ByVal nDmm As Long, ByVal nFunc As Long) As Long SetRange Lib "SM2060.dll" (ByVal nDmm As Long, ByVal nRange As Long) As Long Read Lib "SM2060.dll" (ByVal nDmm As Long, dResult As Double) As Long

User.H

()

c = 0 c = 4 nc = 21

0 = 1 = 2 = 3

ith DMMSetAperture()

4 '1.07s

0ms Aperture 33ms

66ms

store for the DMM number

SimplePanel.frm Form file contents:

Private Sub Form_Load() Dim i As Long nDmm = 0 ‘Set to first DMM in the sy i = DMMInit(nDmm,"C:\SM60CAL.dat") 'Initialize and load cal file i = DMMS (nDmm, VDCFunc) 'Set DMM to DCV function i = DMMSetRange(nDmm, Range2) 'Select the 24V range i = DMMSetAperture(nDmm, APR_p16s) 'Set measurement Aperture to 160ms End Sub

Private Sub ReadBotton_Click() 'Read Botton Click action. Dim i As L is botton is pressed Dim dRead akes a reading and displays it. i = DMMRead(nDmm, dReading) 'Take a reading TextReading.Text = dReading 'display it in a Text box. End Sub

etFunction

ong

ing As Double

'Fomr_Load allways gets executed first.

stem

'Any time th 'the DMM t

59 Signametrics

5.4 Windows DLL Default Modes and Parameters

After initialization, the Wi

• Auto ranging: Of

• Function: DC Vol

• Range: 240V

•

Relative: Off

• Read Interval: 0ms

• Temp s are set to

•

erature unit

Offset Ohms: Off In-Cirtuite Caps level: 0.45V Peak. Closed Loop mode Trigger polarity: Po Sync output polarity: Positive Sync output: Disabled Fast RMS: off

ermocouple type

Th : ‘K’

ndows DLL default modes and parameters on your DMM are set up as follows:

erture:• Measurement Ap

533.33ms

°C

: Off

sitive Edge

5.5 Using the SM

When using the SM2060 D software diskette.

2060 DLL with LabWindows/CVI®

LL with LabWindows/CVI, you should read the LabWin.txt file included with the

An example application of

contains functions measur

NOTE: Although these me Test Executive, they are no

/* function: measure_ohms int measure_ohms(double short ret, i; DMMSetFunction DMMSetAutoRan

return ret; } /* function: measure_vdc, p DC Volts */ int measure_vdc(double Vreading) { short ret DMMSetFunctions (0, VDC); DMMSetAutoRange (0, TRUE); /* to settle auto-range and function changes ignore three readings */ for( i = 0 ++ ) ret = DMMR return re

/* to settle auto-range and function changes ignore three readings */ for( i = 0 ; i < 4 ; i+

, i;

; i < 4 ; i

t; }

SM2060 DLL calls from LabWindows/CVI ® is shown below. It

e_ohms() and measure_vdc(), with sample calls to the SM2060.

asurement functions use LabWindows/CVI® and the LabWindows/CVI(R) t necessarily coded to LabWindows® instrument driver standards.

, purpose: measure 2-wire ohms */

OHMreading) {

s (0, OHMS2W);

ge (0, TRUE);

+ ) ret = DMMReadNorm (0, & OHMreading);

urpose: measure

eadNorm (0, &Vreading);

5.6 Windows Command Language

The following section contains detailed de commands that pertain to only the SM2060 r

be retrieved as a string using DMMErrStr ooked up in the SM2060.H header file. The DMMUser.H file co all the pertinent definitions for the DMM ranges funct

for the various fu based on “C” function declarations. Keep in mind t

these functions assu int values to be wi t integers (corresponds to VisualBasic long type). TRUE

is 1 and FALSE i ch is also differen Basic where True is –1 and False is 0).

Grayed out functi tested o

DMMArm gge

M2060 ; SM2064 ;

Signametrics 60

ntains ions etc. The following description

nctions is hat the Windows DLL containing

mes all

s 0 (whi

ons are either, un r unimplemented.

AnalogTri r

scriptions of each function of the Windows command language. Those

are indicated. Most functions return an error code. The code can eithe

ing function, or l

ndows 32bi

t from Visual

Description Arm DMM for analog level trigger operation.

#include "SM206032.h"

int DMMArmAnalogTrigger(int nDmm, int iPostSamples, double *dThresh)

emarks

This function is usable for VDC, VAC, Ohms, IAC IDC and Leakage. It sets up the DMM for analog level trigger operation. In response to this command the DMM continuously makes measurements, storing them to a circular buffer. A trigger event occurs when a measured value crosses the threshold, dThresh, in the transition direction specified by the currently set Edge. The Edge polarity is set using the DMMSetTrigPolarity function. At the trigger point the DMM makes additional iPostSamples measurements and stores them to the circular buffer. Following completion of the capture process, use the DMMGetTriggerInfo function to get information related to the operation, such as the total number of pre trigger measurements.

The dThresh value is in base units, and must be within the selected measurement range. For example, in the 240 mV range, dThresh must be within -0.24 and +0.24. In the 24kΩ, range it must be set between 0.0 and 24000.0.

Prior to executing this operation set the measurement function, range, Aperture, Read Interval and Edge polarity. Between the time this function is issued and the time the buffer is read, no other command should be sent to the DMM. Two exceptions are the

DMMReady and DMMDisArmTrigger commands.

and Read Interval are set using the DMMSetAperture and DMMSetReadInteval

functions, respectively.

Parameter

nDmm

iPostSamples

dThresh

Return Value The return value is one of the following constants.

Value

DMM_OKAY

Negative value

e the DMMReady to monitor completion of this operation. When ready, read up-to

the above buffer size, using DMMReadBuffer or DMMReadBufferStr functions. Once

DMMReady returns TRUE, it should not be used again prior to reading the buffer, since it initializes the buffer for reading when it detects a ready condition.

Type/Description

int Identifies the DMM. DMMs are numbered starting with zero.

int The number of samples the DMM takes following a trigger pulse.

This number must be between 1 to 80 or 1 to 120. See above details.

double Analog level trigger threshold value

Meaning

Operation successfully terminated

Error code.

Example double Buffer[80];

61 Signametrics

DMMArmAnalogTrigger(0

hile( ! DMMReady(0));

i++)

for(i=0; i < 80 ; j = DMMReadBuffer(0, &Buffer[i]);

,80,1.5);

DMMArmTrigger

SM2060 ;

SM2064 ;

Description

clude "SMX

Remarks Setup the DMM for external hardware trigger mode (input at DIN7 connector).

Arm DMM for external trigger operation.

#include "SMX2060.h"

#in 2060.h"

int DMMArmTrigger(int nDmm, int iPostTrig)

Following reception of this command the DMM continuously makes measurements and places them in a circular buffer, while waiting for the for the selected trigger edge. All measure re made at the

the selected trigger edge the DMM makes iPostTrig samples at the currently function and

range, st em to t

iPostTrig post-trigger samples. The total number of which is limited to the buffer size (120 or 80 depending on set Aperture. See DMMArmAnalogTrigger for detail the exception of the DMMReady and DMMDisarmTrigger commands, follow issue of the DMMArmTrigger command, no other function should be sent to the DMM

prior to reading the captured data. This function is usable for VDC, VAC, Ohms RTD and IDC and Leak

DMMGetTriggerInfo function to get information related to the operation. The Trigger

Edge p

ments a currently set Aperture and Read Interval. On reception of

oring th he buffer. The result is a buffer containing both, pre-trigger and

age. Following completion of the capture process, Use the

olarity can be set with the DMMSetTrigPolarity function.

s). With

ing the

, IAC,

The width of the trigger i

Read Interval, whichev

Following DMMArmTrigger, use the DMMReady to monito

process. When the DMM is ready read the buffer using DMMReadBuffer or DMMReadBufferStr functions. Make 120 or 80 read operations to read both, the pretrigger and post-trigger (iPostTrig) samples. Following trigger operation, once DMMReady returns TRUE, it should not be called again since it prepares the buffer for reading when it detects a ready condition. Other related functions include, DMMReadBufferStr, DMMSetReadInterval, DMMSetSync, and DMMSetAperture.

Parameter

nDmm

iPostTrig

eturn Value The return value is one of the following constants.

Value Meaning

DMM_OKAY

Type/Description

int Identifies the DMM. DMMs are numbered starting with zero.

int The number of samples the DMM takes following a trigger. This

value must be between 1 and 80 or 120 depending on set resolution.

Operation successfully terminated

nput must be at least as wide as the selected Aperture and/or

er is greater.

r completion of the capture

Signametrics 62

Negativ

e Value

Error code.

Example double Buff DMMArmTrigger(0,70);

while( ! DMMRe for(i=0; i < 70 ; i++) j = DMMReadBuffer(0, &Buffer[i]);

DMMBu d

rstBuffRea

er[70];

ady(0));

SM2060 ; SM2064 ;

Description Setup the DMM for Triggered operation.

#include "SM206032.h"

#include "DMMUser.h"

int DM

Remarks Following reception of this command the D

of iSamples measurements at the currently set

and Read Interval. Those re

spreceeded by iSettle readi

iSettle + 1 readings are taken. The last reading is saved

iSamples. No other DMM command should be issued until the process is com

the contents of the buffer are read. One exception is the DMMDisarmTrigger

command, which terminates the process. No autoranging is allowed in this mode. This

function is usable for VDC, VAC, Ohm

Mea

com

Interval, if set).

Use the DMMRead

ready, read up to iSa

Once DM eturns TRUE, it should not be used again until the buffer is read,

since it cle lags in preparation for buffer reading when it detects a ready

condition.

MBurstBuffRead(int nDmm, int iSettle, int iSamples)

MM enters a burst read mode, taking a total

measurement function, range, Aperture

adings are saves to the on-board buffer. Each measurement I

ngs, which are discarded. Therfore for each sample saved

. This process repeats for

s, IAC, IDC and RTD measurements.

surement A et to 160ms or lower. The total time it takes to plete this p tely iSamples * ( iSettle + 1) * Aperture (or Read

perture should be s

rocess is approxima

y to monitor if the has completed the operation, and is ready. When

mples, using DMMReadBuffer or DMMReadBufferStr functions.

MReady r

ars some f

plete, and

Parameter Type/Description

iDmm

iSettle

iSamples

eturn Value The return value is one of the following constants.

Value

DMM_

Negative Va

Example double Buff

OKAY

lue

int Identifies the DMM. DMM

int The number of setteling measurements, prior to read value. Must be set between 0 and 250.

int The number of samples the DMM takes following the same

number of trigger pul 120 depending on set Aperture.

Meaning

Operation succes

Error code.

er[50];

ses. This number must be between 1 and 80 or

sfully terminated

s are numbered starting with zero.

63 Signametrics

DMMBurstRead

SM2060 ; M20

64 ;

DMMBurstBuffRead(0, 4, 50); // 4 settling readings for each

// measurement, and take 50 readings

while( ! DMMReady(0) ); // wait for completion

for(i=0; i < 50 ; i++) // read 50 readings from DMM’s

// on-board buffer

j = DMMReadBuffer(0, &Buffer[i]);

Description e n, sending back measurements as they

Remarks

Setup th DMM for multiple readings operatio

come.

#include "SM206032.h"

#include "DMMUser.h"

int DMMBurstRead(int nDmm, int iSettle, int iSamples)

execution of this command the DMM enters a tight loop, where it takes multiple

easurements, sending them back as they come. This function is similar to the

DMMSetTrigRead function, with the exception that it does not wait

trigger to start the process. For each reading returned the DMM takes

sending the last sample bac

Aperture and Read Interval

the issue of this command and un

necessary to keep up with the DM

come. Failing to do so will result in communication overrun. Use the

DMMReadMeasurement command to read these measurements. The DMM

communication channel has a limited size FIFO

wed in this m e of this function is that it makes measurements with

allo

nsistant samp efuly and only in cases where this feature is

a co

necessary. It is usable for VDC, Ohms and IDC measurements. Measurement Aperture

should be set to 1 ual

to (iSamples * ( iSettle + 1) * Aperture or * Read Interval if it is not set to 0.

Use the DMMReadMeasurement to monitor when reading becomes available, and to

read the data. Read as many samples as iSamples to guarantee proper conclusion of this

capture process.

ode. The advantag

ling rate. Use it car

60ms or lower. The total time it takes to complete this process is eq

k. All samples are taken at the set Measurement function, currently set. This process repeats for iSamples. Following

til iSampels measurements are read back, it is

M and read all iSample measurements as fast as they

which helps a bit. No auto ranging is

for a hardware iSettle + 1 samples,

Parameter

nDmm

iSettle

iSamples

eturn Value he following constants.

R The return value is one of t

Value

DMM_OKAY

Negative Value

Signametrics 64

Type/Description

int Identifies the DMM. DMMs are numbered starting with zero.

int The number of settling measurements, prior to read value. Must be set between 0 and 250. Recommended value is 4.

int The number of samples the DMM takes following the same

number of trigger pulses. This number must be between 1 and 60,000, inclusiv

Meaning

Operation successfully terminated

Error code.

Example double Reading[250]; tRead(0, 10, 250); // settle 10 reads., 250 samples

while( ! DMMReadMeasurement(0 , Reading[i]) );

DMMBurs

for(i=0; i < 250 ; i++) // read 250 meas. as they come

DMMCalibrate

SM2060 ; SM2064

;

65 Signametrics

Description ternally calibrate the DMM.

include "SM206032.h"

DMMCalib

Remarks This function p ell

Parameter

nDmm

R The return value is one of the following constants.

eturn Value

Value Meaning

DMM_OKAY

Negativ

xample

E Comments This performs an internal DMM calibration and is the same as th

DMMCleanRe

int rate(int nDmm)

erforms self calibration of the various components of the DMM, as w as an extensive self test. At the end of this operation it returns the DMM to the current operating mode rnal temperature varies, will enhance the accuracy of the DMM. Using this function does not remove the

quirement to

re perform periodic external calibration.

e Value

status = DMMCalibrate(0); /* a quick internal cal.*/

VB Control Panel. It is not related to the external calibration represented in the

SM60CAL.DAT file.

. Using this function periodically, or when the DMM inte

Type/Description

int Identifies the DMM. DMMs are numbered starting w

DMM is OK.

Error

e S-Cal command in the

ith zero.

lay

SM2060 ; SM2064 ;

Description Clean specified relay.

#include "SM206032.h"

int DMMCleanRelay(int nDmm, int iRelay, int iCycles)

Remarks This function cleans iRelay by vibrating the contact iCycles times. This function is useful

for removing oxides and other deposits from th measurements are particularly sensitive to K2 contact resistance and therefore should be cleaned p riodically. It

Parame

iRelay

ter Type/Description

e is also useful for making sound in computer without a speaker.

int The relay to clean. 1 for K2, 2 for K2 and 3 for K3.

e relay contacts. DC Current

Signametrics 66

iCycles

int The number of times the relay contact is shaken. 1 to 1000.

nDmm

eturn Value Integer error code..

Value

DMM_OKAY

egative Value

Example tus = DM lay(0, 2, 100); // Shake K2 1000

int sta MCleanRe

int Identifies the DMM. DMMs are numbered starting with zero.

Meaning

Operation mpleted.

Error code

successfully co

DMMClearBuffer

SM2060 ; SM2064 ;

Description lears the contents of the internal buffer.

int DMMClearBuffer(int nDmm)

Remarks

#include "SM206032.h"

This function clears the internal buffer. It is useful when experimenting with the various trigger fu

nctions.

Parameter Type/Description

nDmm

Return Value er error co

Value

DMM_OKAY

Negative Value

Example int status = DMMClearBuffer(0);

Integ de..

int Identifies the DMM. DMMs are numbered starting with zero.

Meaning

Operation successfully completed.

Error code

DMMClearMinMax

SM2060 ;

s rs the Min/Max storage.

De cription Clea

int DMMClearMinMax(int nDmm)

Remarks n/Max values, and initiates a new Min/Max detection. See

SM2064 ;

include "SM206032.h"

This function clears the Mi

MMGetMin for more details.

Parameter

nDmm

Type/Description

int Identifies the DMM. DMMs are numbered starting with zero

67 Signametrics

Return Value Integer error code..

Value

DMM_O

Negati

Example atus arMinMax(0);

DMMClosePC

2060 ; SM2064 ;

Des PCI bus for the specified DMM. Not for user applications.

cription Close the

#include "SM206032.h"

int DMMClosePCI(int nDmm)

Remarks his function is limited for servicing the DMM. It has no use in normal DMM operation.

Parame

nDmm

KAY

ve Value

int st = DMMCle

See also DMMOpenPCI() function.

ter Type/Description

Meaning

Operation successfully completed.

Error

code

int Identifies the DMM. DMMs are numbered starting with ze

ro.

Return Value

Value

DMM_O

Negativ

xample int status = DMMClosePCI(0);

Integer error code.

Meaning

KAY

e Value

Operation successfully completed.

Error code

DMMDelay

SM2060 ; SM

Description Wait for a given

lude "SM2

2064 ;

time.

#inc

int DMMDelay(double dTime)

06032.h"

Signametrics 68

Remarks Delay of dTime seconds. dTime must be a positive double number between 0.0 and 100.0

seconds.

Parameter Type/Description

dTime

Return Value The return val

Value

DMM_

Negative Value

Example DMMDelay(1.2); /* wait for 1.2 Sec */

DMMDelayed

OKAY

Trigger

double Delay time in seconds.

ue is one of the following constants.

Meaning

Operation s

Error code

uccessfully terminated

SM2060 ; SM2064 ;

Description DMM for ion.

nclude "SMX

Arm delayed external trigger operat

#include "SMX

#i 2060.h"

int DMMDelayedTrigger(int nDmm, double dDelay, int iSamples)

2060.h"

Remarks

terval must be set between 0 (default) and 65ms. Aperture must be set between

Setup for del receptio currently the DMM be set between 0 and 1s. The samples are taken using the currently set function, range, Apertu etAperture) and Read-Interval (DMMSetReadInterval). iSamples are stored in the DMM’s internal buffer. With the exception of the DMMReady and DMMDisarmTrigger com no other function should be used prior to readi usable in VDC, VAC, Ohms, IAC, RTD and ID

Read In

60ms and 2.5us. The value of iPostSamples must be set between 1 and the buffer size.

1 The buffer size is 80 for Apertures of 160ms to 1.4ms, and 120 for Apertures in the range of 2.5µs to 625us. The h

nd Read Interval are set using the DMMSetAperture and DMMSetReadInteval

a functions, respectively.

Following DMMDelayedTrigger, use the DMMReady to m capture process. When the DMM is ready read the buffer using DMMReadBuffer or

DMMReadBufferStr functions. Read iSamples measurements from DMMReady returns TRUE, it should not be called again since it prepares the buffer for

ding when it dition. Other related functions include; DMMReady,

rea detects a ready con

DMMReadBuffer, DMMReadBufferStr, DMMSetReadInterval, DMMSetSync, DMMSetTrigP

ayed ext

n of this c it state, waiting for trigger edge

selected (see DMMSetTrigPolarity()). At the detection of the selected polarity,

waits f ior to making iSamples samples. The value of dDelay can

re (DMMS

ernal trigger capture mode (off the DIN7 connector). Following

ommand the DMM enters a wa

or dDelay pr

mands, following the issue of DMMDelayedTrigger command,

ng the captured data. This function is

ighest Aperture allowed for this operation is 160ms. Aperture

onitor completion of the

the buffer. Once

olarity, DMMDisarmTrigger.

69 Signametrics

Parameter

nDmm

dDelay

iSamples

mple double

Exa Buffer[50]; //Delay 0.1s, take 50 samples

DMMDelayedTrigger(0, 0.1, 50); while( ! DMMReady(0) ); // wait for completion for(i=0;i<50;i++) DMMReadBuffer(nD

DMMDisableT

rimDAC

Type/Description

int Identifies the DMM. DMMs are numbered starting with zero.

double This post-trigger delay value can be 0.0 to 1.0

int The number of samples the DMM takes follo

value must be between 1 and 80 or 120 depending on set resolution.

mm, Buffer[i]); // read

wing a trigger. This

SM2060 

Description Terminate the operation of the Trim DAC.

#include "SM206032.h"

t DMMDisableTrimDAC(int nDmm)

Remarks is function di C. Since usage of the Trim DAC consumes the

Th sables the Trim DA

must

on-board microcontroller’s resources it

use. See DMM

more details.

SetTrimDAC, DMMSetDCVSource and DMMSetACVSource for

be turned off with this function when not in

Parameter

nDmm

Return Value Integer error code.

Value

DMM_OKAY

Negative Value

xample DMMDisableTrimDAC(0); // Remove Trim DAC from operation

Type/Description

int Identifies the DMM. DMMs are numbered starting with zero.

Meaning

Operation successfully completed.

Error code

DMMDisArmTr

igger

SM2060 ; SM2064 ;

Description bort trigger operation.

int DMMDisArmTrigger(int nDmm) Remarks

This function sends the DMM a trigger termination command. If the DMM is waiting for a trigger, following one of the Triggered operations, it will terminate the operation and will be ready for a new operation. I

analog level trigger arm command (DMMArmAnalogTrigger, DMMArmTrigger, or

MTrigger

DM ).

t can be used following an external hardware or

Signametrics 70

Parameter

nDmm

Return Value Integer error code

Value Meaning

DMM_OKAY

Negative Value

Type/Description

int Identifies the DMM. DMMs are numbered starting with zero.

Operation successfully completed.

Error code

DMMDutyCycleStr

SM2060 

scription Return percent duty cycle of an AC signal in string format.

int DMMDutyCycleStr(int nDmm, LPSTR lpszReading)

Remarks his function is the string version of DMMReadDutyCycle. The measurement result is

SM2064 ;

de "SM206032.h"

#inclu

stored at the location pointed to by lpszReading. See DM

details.

MReadDutyCycle for more

Parame

nDmm

lpszRea

Return Value The return valu llowing constants.

Value

DMM_OKAY

Negative Value

xample char cBuf[64]; int status = DMMDutyCycleStr(0, cBuf);

ter Type/Description

int Identifies the DMM. DMMs are numbered starting with zero.

ding

LPSTR Points to a buffer (at least 64 characters long) to hold the result.

e is one of the fo

Meaning

Valid return.

Error code

DMMErrString

SM2060 ; SM2064 ;

Description Return the string describing the warning or error code.

#include "SM206032.h"

int DMMErrString(int iErrorCode, LPSTR lpszError, int iBuffLength)

Remarks This function returns a string containing the error or warning description which

corresponds to the iErrorCode. The string is placed at lpszError. Error codes are negative numbers, while warning codes are positive numbers.

71 Signametrics

eterParam Type/Description

iErrorCode

iBuffLength

lpszError

Return Value The return value is the length of the error string or one of the following constants.

Value Meaning

Negativ

Example

DMM cyStr

Frequen

SM2060  SM2064 ;

Description MM frequency reading, formatted for printing.

e Value

char cBuf[64]; int length = DMMErrString( -3, cBuf, 48);

Return the next D

#in 06032.h"

clude "SM2

int DMMFreq

int

Error code.

int available length of the string buffer

The maximum

LPSTR Points to a b

error/warning string.

Error code

uencyStr(int nDmm, LPSTR lpszReading)

uffer (at least 64 characters long) to hold the

Remarks This function m string formatted

for printing. The print format is fixed to six digits plus units, e.g., 05.001 Hz. If the DMM is in Autorang

command. It may take several calls to DMMFrequencyStr() to get the measured

frequency, because the DMM frequency counter uses a frequency ranging scheme which gets activated only when a frequency or period reading function is received. If the previou measured frequency was 2 Hz and t

(or vise versa), it might take as many as six calls to DMMFrequencyStr() or any of the

other fre ency measu

use the DMMSetCounterRng() is function is a Secondary function which requires the

DMM to be in either VAC or IAC function and at the appropria

Parame

nDmm

lpszReading

Return Va The return value is one of the following constants.

lue

ter Type/Description

sly he frequency being measured is 300 kHz

akes frequency measurement and returns the result as a

e, be certain to take an amplitude reading before using this

qu rement functions, to read the correct frequency. To improve this

te range.

int Identif

LPSTR Points to a buffer (at least 6

converted result.

ies the DMM. DMMs are numbered starting with zero.

4 characters long) to hold the

Value

DMM_OKAY

DMM_CNT_RNG

Signametrics 72

Meaning

Operation successfully completed.

Frequency counter is over or under range.

Negative V

alue

Error code

Example char cBuf[6

int status; status = DM

4];

MFrequencyStr(0, cBuf);

DMMGetACCapsR

SM2060  SM

Description Return the component of the last AC Caps measurement.

int DMMGetACCapsR(int nDmm, double *lpdResult)

Rem nction retrieves the resistive component from last reading of the In Circuit (AC

arks This fu

2064 ;

#include SM206032.

b returns the result as a 64-bit double-precision floating-point number in the location pointed to by lpdResult. Returned result is a value in ohm Capacitance Measurements section of this manual.

Parameter

nDmm

lpdResul

resistance

" h"

ased) Capacitance measurement. It performs all scaling and conversion required, and

s. Read about In-Circuit

Type/Description

int Identifies the DMM. DMMs are numbered starting with zero.

double * Poin

ts to the location to hold the resistance value.

Return Value The return value is one of the following constants.

Value

DMM_OKAY

Negative Value

OVER_RNG

Example double d;

int st status = DMMGetACCapsR(0, &d);

atus;

Meaning

DMM initialized successfully.

Error code

Over range occurred, implying a very high parallel resistance value.

DMMGetAperture

SM2060 ; 2064 ;

Des reading rate

cription Get DMM

int DMMGetAperture(int nDmm, double *lpdAperture)

emarks e floating rate in readings per second.

nclude "SM206032.h"

This function returns a doubl

Parameter Type/Description

nDmm

int Identifies the DMM. DMMs are numbered starting with zero.

73 Signametrics

lpdApert

ure

double * Pointer where the aperture is saved to.

Return Value

Example

int status; double aperture;

Value

Negative Value

Integer value version code or an error code.

Meaning

Error code

status = D

MMGetAperture(0, & aperture);

DMMGetBufferSize

SM2060 ; SM

Description e e.

Re arks This fun

m ction returns the currently set buffer size. This value can be 80 or 120. The value

2064 ;

Return th currently selected internal buffer siz

SM206032.

#include #include "UseroDMM

int DMMGetBufferSize(int nDmm, int * lpiLength)

depends

" h"

.h"

on the settings of the Aperture value.

Parame

iDmm

lpiLength

Return Va The return value is one of the following constants.

Example int length;

MMGetBuffe

lue

Value

Value int Error or Warning code

ter Type/Description

int Identi

Int * Pointer at which the buffer length is

Meaning

D rSize(0, & length); // read buffer size

fies the DMM. DMMs are numbered starting with zero.

stored.

DMMGetBusInfo

SM2060 ; SM

Description h d Slot numbers for the selected DMM.

2064 ;

Returns t e PCI Bus an

int DMMGetBusInfo(int nDmm, int *bus, int *slot)

emarks This function reads the PCI bus and slot numbers for the selected DMM. . It provides

means to relate the physical card location to the nDmm value by detecting the location of a DMM in the PCI system tree. This function actually scans the hardware rather then look up the i

Paramete Type/Description

Signametrics 74

nformation in the registry.

nDmm

int Identifies the DMM. DMMs are numbered starting with zero.

bus

slot

Return Value f the following constants.

Value Meaning

DMM_OKAY

Negativ

Example int bus, slot; // Find on which bus, and slot the DMM is at

The return value is one o

e number

DMMGetBusInfo(3, &bus, &slot); // DMM#3

int * a pointer to integer at which the

int * A pointer to an in

15)

Operation was successful.

Error code

teger where the slot number is stored (0 to

bus number is stored (0 to 255)

DMMGetCalDate

SM2060 ; SM

Descriptio Return the calibration date string from the DMM.

arks This fun

Rem ction reads the calibration date string from the structure. This is the date the

2064 ;

int DMMGetCalDate(int nDmm, LPSTR lpszCalDate)

MM was calibrated last.

Parame

nDmm

lpszCalD te

Return Value The return value is one of the following constants.

ter Type/Description

int Identifi MM. DMMs are numbered sta

LPSTR Points to a buffer (at least 64 characters long) to hold the cal date string.

es the D rting with zero.

75 Signametrics

Value Meaning

any positive number

Negative number

Example char cBuf[64];

t status;

in status = DMMGetCalDate(0, cBuf);

Length of the date string

Error code

DMMGetdB

SM2060 ; SM

Description Get dB de the reading at the time relative was activated.

int Dmm, double *lpdDev)

Remarks This function returns a double floating value th

2064 ;

#includ

reading made just before the relative function was activated. This function is useful in determ DC

Parameter

nDmm

viation from

SM2060

e " 32.h"

DMMGetdB(int n

at is the dB deviation relative to the

ining measurement errors in dB. It can be used for bandwidth measurements or

evaluation.

Type/Description

int Identifies the DMM. DMMs are numbered starting with zero.

lpdDev

Return Value

Example double dB; int status = DMM

Integer error code..

Value

DMM_OKAY

Negativ

e Value

double * Pointer where the dB value is to be saved.

Meaning

Opera mpleted.

tion successfully co

Error

code

GetdB(0, &dB);

DMMGetdBStr

SM2060 ; SM

Description eviation ding at the time relative was activated.

em This function is the same as the DMMGetdB(), with the exception that it returns a string.

R arks

2064 ;

Get dB d from the rea

#include "SM206032.h"

int DMMGetdBStr(int nDmm, LPCSTR lpszDB)

See DMMGetdB() for more details.

Signametrics 76

Parameter Type/Description

nDmm

lpszDB

Return Value Integer string le

Value

Negative Value

Example char cBuf[64]; int strLength = DMMGetdBStr(0, cBuf);

int Identifies the DMM. DMMs are numbered starting with zero.

LPCSTR Points to a buffer (at l

result. The return value will consist of a leading sign a floating-point, and a ‘dB’ units sp

ngth if successful, or an error code..

Meaning

Error code

ecifier

east 64 characters long) to hold the

DMMGetCJTemp

SM2060 ;

s the currently set cold junction temperature.

De cription Retrieve

int DMMGetCJTemp(int nDmm, double *lpdTemp)

Remarks nction temperature. For more details see

SM2064 ;

include "SM206032.h"

Get the currently set cold ju

DMMSetCJTemp() function.

Parame

nDmm

lpdTemp

Return Value e return valu wing constants.

Value Meaning

DMM_OKAY

Negative Value

Example DMMGetCJTemp(0, &temp);

ter Type/Description

int Identifies

double * Points to the location to hold the temperature.

Th e is one of the follo

Operation successfully terminated

Error code.

the DMM. DMMs are numbered starting with zero.

DMMGetDeviation

M2060 ; SM2064 ;

escription Get percent deviation from the reading at the time relative was activated.

#include "SM206032.h"

int DMMGetDeviatio

n(int nDmm, double *lpdDev)

Remarks This function re uble floating value that is the percent deviation relative to the

reading made just before the relative function was activated (DMMSetRelative). This

function is useful in quantifying measurement errors. It can be used for bandwidth

turns a do

77 Signametrics

measurements or DC evaluation, or percent variation of a device under test over

ature. Th fail window for

temper e absolute value of lpdDev can be used as a pass/ production. Another function effecting DMMGetDeviation is DMMSetReference. Unlike D etRelative, which uses th

DMMSetReference provides the facility to set this reference.

MMS e current measurement as a reference,

Parame

nDmm

lpdDev

Return Value Integer error code..

Example

Value

DMM_OKAY

Negativ

ter Type/Description

int Identifies the DMM. DMMs are numbered starting with zero.

double * Pointer where the deviation value is to be saved.

Meaning

Operation successfully completed.

e Value

double error; int status = DMMGetDeviation(0, &error);

Error code

DMMGetDeviatStr

SM2060 ; SM

Description Get percent dev

int DMM Str(int nDmm, LPCSTR lpszDev)

2064 ;

iation from the reading at the time relative was activated.

#include "SM20603

GetDeviat

2.h"

Remarks ct iation(), with the exception that it returns

Parameter

nDmm

lpszDev

Return Value Integer string length if successful, or an error

Example char cBuf[64];

code.

Value

Negative Value

This fun ion is the same as the DMMGetDev a string. See DMMGetDeviation() for more details.

Type/Description

int Identifies the DMM. DMMs are numbered startin

LPCSTR Points to a buffer (at least 64 characters long) to hold the

result. The return value will consist of a leading sign a floating-point, and a % units specifier

Meaning

Error code

int strLength = DMMGetDeviatStr(0, cBuf);

g with zero.

DMMGetFuncRange

SM2060 ; SM 2064 ;

Signametrics 78

Description Get DMM range code.

#include "SM206032.h"

#include "DMMUser.h"

int DMMGetFuncRange(int nDmm)

Remarks This function returns the combined DMM function/range code. See DMMUser.h for the

complet codes.

Parameter Type/Description

e set of

nDmm

Return Value function/range, or an error code.

Value Meaning

Positive

Negative

Example if(DMMGetFuncRange == VDC_300mV) p

DMMGetFunc

SM2060 ; SM2064 ;

Description t DMM funct

#include "DMMUser.h"

int DMMGetFunction(int nDmm)

Integer value corresponding to the currently set DMM The following are a few examples of the returned value.

value

Value

selected");

tion

Ge ion code.

#include "SM2

int Identifies the DM

See DMMUser.h for funct

Error co

06032.h"

M. DMMs are numbered starting with zero.

ion/range codes.

rintf("Lowest VDC range

Remarks This function returns the DMM function code. The codes are defined in the DMMUser.h

file.

Parameter Type/Description

nDmm

Return Value

Value

Positive value

Negative Value

Exa DMMGetFunction == VDC) printf("VDC Function selected");

mple if(

Integer value corresponding to the current function, or an error code.

int Identifies the DMM. DMMs are numbered starting with

zero.

Meaning

See DMMUser.h for function/range codes.

Error code

DMMGetGrdVer

SM2060 ; SM2064 ;

79 Signametrics

Description Get DMM firmware version.

#include "SM206032.h"

int DMMGetGrdVer(int nDmm)

Remarks This function returns the DMM firmware version of the on-board controller.

Parame

nDmm

Return Value Integer value. T

Value Meaning

Positive Value

Negative Value

Example firmwarever = DMMGetGrdVer(0);

ter

Type/Description

int Identifies the DMM. DMMs are numbered starting with zero.

he return value is the version value or an error code.

Version

Error code

DMMGe

tHwVer

SM2060 ; SM2064 ;

escription

#inc

int DMMGetHwVer(int nDmm)

Get the hardware version of the DMM. D

lude "SM206032.h"

Remarks his function returns the hardware version. A returned value of 0 corresponds to Rev_, 1

Parameter

nDmm

Return Value e.

Value Meaning

Positive value

Negative Value

Example int HWVer = DMMGetHwVer(0);

DMMGe

tID

T corresponds to Rev_A, 2 to

Type/Description

int Identifies the DMM. DMMs are numbered starting with zero.

DMM hardware code or an error cod

Hardware version code

Error code

Rev_B etc.

SM2060 ; SM2064 ;

scription

De Get DMM ID code.

#include "SM206032.h"

Signametrics 80

int DMMGet

ID(int nDmm)

Remarks This function returns the D

that must match the calibratio reflect the last digits of the

Parameter Type/Description

nDmm

Return Value eger value ca umber) or an error code.

Value Meaning

DMM_E_DMM

Example int id = DMMGetID(0);

DMMGe

tManDate

Int rd ID code (serial n

int Identifies the DMM. DMMs are numbered starting

with zero.

Invalid DMM number.

MM identification code. Each DMM has a unique ID code

n file card_ID field in SM60CAL.DAT. This code must

DMM serial number.

SM2060 ; SM2064 ;

Description Get Manufacturing date stamp from the DMM hardware

#include "SM206032.h"

int DMMGe

tManDate(int nDmm, int *month, int *day, int *year)

Remarks Thi

Parameter Type/Description

nDmm

onth

ear

Return Value Integer error code or.

s function returns the DMM manufacturing date which is read from the hardware. The month, day and year are returned as integ specific manufacturing date.

int Identifies the DMM. DMMs are numbered starting

with zero.

int * A pointer to an i

int * A pointer to an integer where the day is stored

int * A pointer to an integer where the year is stored

ers. This is used to track the DMM to a

nteger where the month is stored

Value Meaning

81 Signametrics

DMM_OKAY

Operation was successful.

DMM_E_

Example int month, day, year, status

DMM

status = DMMGetManDate(0, &mont

Invalid DMM number.

DMMGetMax

SM2060 ; SM2064 ;

Description Get Maximum reading history.

clude "SM20

#in 6032.h"

int DMMGetMa

Remarks This function returns a double floating val

function) value since either a function change, range change or call to the

DMMClearMin ion was made. This value is updated every time a measurement is performed using DMMRead, DMMReadStr or DMMReadNorm.

Parameter Type/Description

nDmm

lpdMax

x(int nDmm, double *lpdMax)

ue that is the maximum (of the Min/Max

Max funct

int Identifies the DMM. DMMs are numbered starting with zero.

double * Pointer where the

h, &day, &year);

Max value is to be saved.

Return Value Integer erro

Value

DMM_O

Negative Value

Example double Mx; int status = DMMGetMax(0, &Mx);

DMMGetMaxS

SM2060 ; SM2064 ;

Description

lpszReading)

emarks e result as a string

R This function is the string version of DMMGetMax. It returns th

KAY

Returns the maximum as a formatted string.

#include "SM206032.h"

int DMMGetMaxStr(int nDmm, LPSTR

rmatted for printing. The print format is determined by the range and function. See

DMMGetMax for more details.

r code..

Meaning

Operation successfu

Error code

lly completed.

Parameter Type/Description

nDmm

Signametrics 82

int Identifies the DMM. DMMs are numbered starting with zero.

lpszReading

LPSTR Points to a buffer (at least 64 characters long) to hold the

esult.

Return Value e return value

Value

DMM_OKAY

Negative V

Example char cBuf[64];

Th is one of the following constants, or the string length is OK.

Meaning

alid return.

alue

int st DMMGetM

atus = axStr(0, cBuf);

rror code

DMMGetMin

2060 ; SM2064 ;

Description Get Minimum reading history.

#include "SM206032.h"

int DMMGetMin(int nDmm, double *lpdMax)

Remarks This function returns a double floating value that is the minimum (of the Min/Max

function) value since either a function change, range change

DMMClearMinMax() function was made. This value is updated every time a

asurement is p MRead, DMMReadStr or DMMReadNorm.

me erformed using DM

or a call to the

Parame Type/Description

nDmm

lpdMax

Return Value Integer error cod

Valu Meaning

DMM_OKAY

Negativ

xa ple double Min; int status = DMMGetMin(0, &Min);

E m

ter

e Value

int Identifies the DMM. DMMs are numbered starting with zero.

ouble *

d Pointer where the Min value is to be saved.

e..

Opera fully completed.

tion success

Error code

DMMGetMinStr

SM2060 ;

SM2064 ;

83 Signametrics

Description Returns the minimum as a formatted string.

#include "SM206032.h"

int DMMGetMinStr(int nDmm, LPSTR lpszReading)

Remarks This function is the string version of DMMGetMin. It returns the result as a string

formatted for print int format is determined by the range and function. See

DMMGetMin for more details.

ing. The pr

Parameter

nDmm

lpszReading

Return Value The ret

Value

DMM_OKAY

Negative Val

Example char cBuf[64];

DMMGetRang

SM2060 ; SM2064 ;

Description Get DMM range code.

urn value is one of the following constants, or the string length is OK.

int status = DMMGetMinStr(0, cBuf);

#include "SM206032.h" #include "DM

Type/Description

int Identifies the DMM. D

LPSTR Points to a buffer (at least 64 characters long) to hold the result.

Meaning

Valid return

Error code

MUser.h"

MMs are numbered starting with zero.

int DMMGetRange(int nDmm)

Remarks This function returns the DMM range code. The range codes are in the sequence of 0, 1,

2, 3, … where 0 is the lowest range.

Parameter

nDmm

Return Value Integer value corresponding to the currently set DMM range, or an error code.

Value

Zero or positive value

Negative Value

a ;

Ex mple int id

GetRange == 0) printf("Lowest range selected");

if(DMM

Type/Description

int Identifies the DMM. DMMs are numbered starting

with zero.

Meaning

Range; zero being the lowest

Error code

Signametrics 84

DMMG Interval

SM2060 ; SM2064 ;

Description Get Read Interval value.

DMMGetR mm, double *lpdRI)

etRead

#include "SM206032.h"

int eadInterval(int nD

Remarks This function re val.

Parame

nDmm

lpdDev

Return Value Integer error co

Value Meaning

DMM_

Negative Value

Exa e dRI; int status = DMMGetReadInterval(0, &dRI);

mple doubl

DMMG ceFreq

etSour

ter Type/Description

OKAY

turns a double floating value that is the currently set A/D Read Inter

int Identifies th

double * Pointer where the Re

de..

Operation successfully completed.

Error code

e DMM. DMMs are numbered starting with zero.

ad Interval is saved.

SM2060  SM2064 ;

Description Get the currently set ACV Source fr

#include "SM206032.h"

int DMMGetSourceFreq(int nDmm, double *lpdFreq)

equency.

Remarks e that is the currently set ACV source

Parameter

nDmm

lpdFreq

R Integer er de..

eturn Value ror co

Value Meaning

DMM_OKAY

Negative Value

This function returns a double floating valu

quency of th used to display or verify the default frequency of the

fre

ulus for the measurement ranges.

stim

e SM2064. It can be

various Inductance

Type/Description

int Identifies th

double *

Operation successfully completed.

Error code

e DMM. DMMs are numbered starting with zero.

Pointer where the frequency value is to be saved.

85 Signametrics

Example double f; int status =

DMMGetTCTy

SM2060 ; SM2064 ;

DMMGetSourceFreq(0, &f);

Descriptio Get the themocouple type currently selected.

clude "SM206032.h"

int DMMGetTC

Remarks This function returns the Themocouple ty

Return Value DMM type Integ

Example int TCtype = DMMGetTCType(0);

#in

clude "DMM

#in

Param Type/Description

eter

nDmm

Value Meaning

Btype to TType

Negative V

alue

User.h"

Type(int nDmm)

int Identifies the DMM. DMMs are numbered starting with zero.

er or an error code.

Type of thermocuple as specified in DMMUser.h file

Error code

pe currently selected.

DMMGetTriggerInfo

SM2060 ; SM2064 ;

Description Get Capture Infromation following Tri

#include "SMX2060.h"

int DMMGetTriggerInfo nt * iNullCount, int * iPreTrig, int *iBufCycles)

Remarks This function retu

instance, if the tr d, the buffer does have a chance to fill. That is the total number of pre trigger samples plus

post trigger samples is less than the size of the buffer. The iNullCount is the number of

these “empty” sam ignored when readi

iPreTrig va umber of valid samples taken prior to the trigger event. If the circular bu least once, or “wraps”, the value of iBufCycles will be greater than

0. Than the sum The am be calculated using the following relation:

tTriggDelay = iReadInterval * ( (iBufCycles

oun ollowing the issue of the command may

rns various parameters associated with previous trigger operation. For

igger event occurred soon after DMMArmTrigger command is issue

ples at the begining of the buffer. These empty samples should be

lue is the n

ffer fills at

of iPreTrig and iPostTrig sam

t of time the trigger event occurred f

(int nDmm i

ng the buffer by reading and discarding iNullCount samples. The

gger operation.

ples is equat to the size of the buffer.

* 120) + iPreTrig)

DMMArmTrigger, DMMGetTriggerInfo,

Parame

Other related functions include;

DMMReadB D

MMSetSync, DMMSetTrigPolarity, DMMDisarmTrigger.

ter Type/Description

uffer, DMMReadBufferStr, DMMSetReadInterval,

nDmm

Signametrics 86

int Identifies th

e DMM. DMMs are numbered starting with zero.

Return Value DMM type Integer or an error code.

Value

iNullCount The number of empty buffer location can be 0 to 120 or 80 depending o

iPreTrig The number of available pre-trigger samples. This value can be be 0 to 1

iBufCycles The number of times the buffer filled prior to trigger. This value can be

Negative

Example int DMMtype = DMMGetType(0, &Empty, &Pre, &wraps);

DMMGe

tType

SM2060 ; SM2064

Descriptio Get the type of the DMM.

#include "SM2

Remarks This function returns a value representing the DMM model.

Value

;

t DMMGetType(int nDmm)

Meaning

set conversion resolution.

or 80 depending on set conversion resolution.

0 to 65,280.

rror code

06032.h"

Parame

nDmm

Return Va DMM type Integer or an error code.

Example int DMMtype = DMMGetType(0);

lue

Value

2060

2064

Negative

ter Type/Description

int Identifies the DMM.

Meaning

SM2060 is at nDmm slot

SM2064 is at nDmm slot

Value

Error code

DMMGet

SM2060 ; SM

Description Get DMM software driver version.

Ver

2064 ;

#includ SM206032.h"

e "

DMMs are numbered starting with zero.

int DMMGetVer(int nDmm, double *lpfResult )

Remarks This function returns the DMM software driver version, which is a double floating value.

Parameter

Type/Description

87 Signametrics

nDmm

entifies the DMM. DMMs are numbered starting with zero.

int Id

lpfResul

R urn Value Int

et eger error code.

Value Meaning

Negative

Example nt status; double ver;

Value

i status = DMMGetVer(0, &ver);

double * Pointer to the location w

Error code

hich holds the version.

DMMInit

SM2060 ; SM2064 ;

Description M

Remarks This function o ns the

Initialize a D M.

#include "SM2

int D nt nDmm, LPCSTR lpszCal)

MMInit(i

driver for the specified DMM. The first DMM being 0, the second 1, etc.. It also initializes the DMM hardware and does extensive s initializes the software and reads the appropriate calibration record for the respective DMM from the file specified by lpszCa, followed by self calibration. If the calibration record is outdated, it opens a warning window. If an error is detected, an error code is returned

06032.h"

r DMMQuickInit() must be the first function to be executed. It ope

elf test to the DMM hardware. It then

Parameter Type/Description

nDmm

lpszCal

Return Value The re

Value Meaning

DMM_OKAY

Negative Value

Example /* initialize DMM */ int i = DMMInit(0,"C:\SM60CAL.dat"); // Initialize the first DMM

turn value is one of the following constants.

int Identifies the DMM. DMMs are numbered starting with zero.

LPCSTR Points to t

constants for the DMM. Calib

from the file named SM60CAL.

DMM initialized successfully.

Error code

he name of the file containing the calibration

ration information is normally read

DAT located in the current directory.

DMMIsAutoRange

SM2060 ; SM2064 ;

Signametrics 88

Description Get the status of the autorange flag.

#include "SM206032.h"

int DMMIsAutoRange(int nDmm)

Remarks This function returns the DMM autorange flag state.

Parame

nDmm

Return Value UE, FALSE

Value Meaning

TRUE

FALSE

DMM_

Example

ter Type/Description

int Ide

TR or an error code.

Autoranging mode is selected.

Autoranging mode is not selected.

E_DMM

int autorange = DMMIsAutoRange(0);

Invalid DMM number.

ntifies the DMM. DMMs are numbered starting with zero.

DMMIsInitialized

SM2060 ; SM

Descriptio Get the status of the DMM.

2064 ;

#include "SM206032.h"

int itialized(int nDmm)

Remarks This function returns the status of the DMM. If TRUE, the DMM has been initialized and

Parameter Type/Description

nDmm

Return Value

Value

TRUE

FALSE

DMM_E

Example int active = DMMIsInitialzied(0);

DMMIsIn

is active. If FALSE the DMM is not in

sing DMMInit or DMMQuickInit functions. This function is used for maintenance

u and is not needed under no

int Identifies the DMM. DMMs are numbered starting with zero.

TRUE, FALSE or an error code.

Meaning

DMM is initialized and active.

DMM is not initialized.

_DMM

Invalid DMM number.

rmal operation.

itialized. To use the DMM, it must be initialized

DMMIsRelative

SM2060 ; SM2064 ;

89 Signametrics

Description Get the status of the Relative flag.

clude "SM2

int DMMIsRel

Remarks This function returns the DMM Relative flag state.

Parame Type/Description

nDmm

Return Value Integer TRUE,

Value Meaning

TRUE

FALSE

Negative Val

Example int rel = DMMIsRelative(0);

#in 06032.h"

ative(int nDmm)

ter

int Identifies the DMM. DMMs are numbered starting with zero.

FALSE or an error code.

Relative mode is selected.

Relative mode is not selected.

Error code

DMMOpenPCI

SM2060 ; SM2064 ;

Descriptio Open the PCI bus for the specified DMM. Not for user application.

#include "SM206032.h"

int DMMOpenPCI(int nDmm)

Remarks This function is limited for servicing the DMM. It has no use in normal DMM operation..

Return Value nteger err

ample

lso DMMClosePCI() function.

See a

Parameter

nDmm

I or code.

Value Meaning

DMM_OKAY

Negativ

e Value

int status = DMMOpenPCI(0);

Type/Description

int Identifies the DMM. DMMs are numbered starting with

Operation successfully completed.

Error code

zero.

DMMOpenCalACCaps

2060  SM2064 ;

s rate the AC based in circuit capacitance function.

De cription Calib

nclude "SM206032.h"

Signametrics 90

int DMMOpenCalACCapsl(int

nDmm)

Remarks the selected range of the AC Capacitance measurement path

Parame

nDmm

Return Value Integer error code.

Value

DMM_OKAY

Negative Value

Example int status = DMMOpenCalACCaps(0);

This function characterizes and source, which is required prior to making measurements. For better accuracy it should be performed frequently. It should be perform characterizes the stimulus source at the specific frequency associated with the selected range. It takes about fifteen seconds to complete the process. Make sure to perform th operation for each range you intend to use.

ter

Type/Description

int Identifies the DMM. DMMs are numbered starting with zero.

Meaning

Operation successfully completed.

Erro

r code

ed without test leads. This function

DMMOpenTerminalCal

SM2060  SM

Description e the Indu ith open terminals.

2064 ;

Calibrat ctance measurement function w

"SM206032.h"

int DMMOpenTerminalCal(int nDmm)

em This function characterizes the Inductance measurement path and source, which is

R arks

Parameter

nDmm

Return Value Integer error code.

Value

DMM_OKAY

#include

red prior to making inductance measurements. It should be performed within one

requi hour, before using the inductance m performed more frequently. The Open Terminal calibration should be performed with the

test leads open. The DMMOpenTerminalCal swee

across the full bandwidth, and makes measurements at several points. It takes about twenty seco Inductance m operation with the inductance r and with the probes shorted.

nds to complete the process. For a complete characterization of the

easurement system it is also necessary to perform the inductance zero

Type/Description

int Identifies the DMM. DMMs are numbered starting with zero.

Meaning

Operation successfully completed.

easurements. For better accuracy it should be

ps the inductance stimulus source

ange and frequency selected, using the Relative function

91 Signametrics

Negativ

Example

DMMPeriodSt

SM2060  SM2064 ;

e Value

int status = DMMOpenterminalCal(0);

Error code

Description

Remarks his function m g formatted for

Parameter Type/Description

nDmm

lpszReading

Return Val The return value is one of the fol

ue lowing constants.

Value

DMM_OKAY

Negative Valu

Return the next DMM period reading, formatted for printing.

#in

clude "SM2

int DMMPeriodStr

inting. The pr

DMMFrequencyStr() for more details.

06032.h"

(int nDmm, LPSTR lpszReading)

akes a period measurement and returns the result as a strin int format is fixed to five digits plus units, e.g., 150.01 ms. See

int umbered starting with zero.

Identifies the DMM. DMMs are n

LPSTR ts to a buffer (at least 64 characters long) to hold the

converted result. The return value will consist of a leading sign, a

float ion, and a units specifier.

Meaning

Operation successfully terminated

Error code

Poin

ing-point value in exponential notat

DMM_CNT_RNG

Example char

DMMPolledRe

SM2060 ; SM2060 ;

SM2064 ;

cBuf[64];

int status;

tatus = DMMPeriodStr(0, cBuf);

Period measurement H/W is over or under range.

Signametrics 92

Description Tests the DMM for ready status, and returns the next floating-point reading.

#include "SM206032.h"

int DMMPolledRead(int nDmm, double FAR *lpdResult)

Remarks DMMPolledRead polls the DMM for readiness. If the DMM is not ready it will return

FALSE. If the DMM is ready with a new re

will be placed at the location pointed to by l more details. Do not use DMMReady to check for readiness since it will cause communication failure.

ading it will return TRUE, and the reading

pdResult. See DMMPolledReadCmd for

Parameter

nDmm

lpdResult

eturn Value The return value is one of the following constants.

Value

FALSE

TRUE

Negative Value

Example

double read; if(DMMPolle

Type/Description

int Identifies the DMM. DMMs are numbered starting with zero.

double FAR * Points to the location to hold the next reading.

Meaning

DMM is not ready

DMM is ready, and reading is placed at lpdResult

Error code

dRead(0, &d)) fprintf(“%9.4f\n”,d); // Show

DMMPolledReadCmd

SM2060 ; SM

Description Send DMM Pol ommand.

2064 ;

led Read c

#includ 06032.h"

e "SM2

int Polle (int nDmm)

Remarks If the DMM is not busy with a prior

DMM dReadCmd

DMM to execute a single read and. The DMM must be set to a specific range and one of the following functions to e the polled read command: VDC, VAC, IDC, IAC 2-wire, 4-wire, 6-wire, or RTD function. Composite functions su Inductance, Peak-to-Peak etc. are not capable of polled read oper

Aperture

processing

mmand and entered the busy state. The DMM remains busy until it is ready with the

co next reading. This function is useful where it is necessary to conserve CPU t

make the DMM a polled device. Use DMMPolledRead or DMM

for readiness and read measurem since it will cause commun

Polled read process, this function will trigger the

comm

us ,

ch as Capacitance,

ation. Measurement

should be set to 160ms or lower. If FALSE is returned, the DMM is busy

a prior polled read. A DMM_OKAY indicates the DMM accepted the read

ime and

PolledReadStr to test

ent. Do not use DMMReady to check for readiness

ication failure.

93 Signametrics

Parame

nDmm

Return Value

Value

FALSE

DMM_OK

Negativ

Example nt status

DMMPo adStr

SM2060 ; SM

Description is read MM formatted for printing.

int DMMPolledReadStr(int nDmm, LPS

i = DMMPolledReadCmd(0);

lledRe

2064 ;

ter

DMM_OKAY if command accepted, else FALSE or an error code.

e Value

If DMM

#include 06032.h"

Type/Description

int Identifies the DMM. DMMs are numbered starting with zero.

Meaning

DMM is busy and can’t execute a polled read command.

Operation successfu

Error code

y, return the next reading from the D

"SM2

l. DMM entered busy state

TR lpszReading)

emarks This function is the string version of DMMPolledRead. See DMMPolledRead for more

details.

Paramete Type/Description

nDmm

lpszRead

Return Va The return value is one of the following constants, or the string length is OK.

Example char strMsg

lue

Value

FALSE

TRUE

Negative Val

int Identifies the D

ing

if(DMMPolledReadStr(0, strMsg)) MessageBox(0,strMsg, "SM2064",MB_OK); // display readings;

LPSTR P

converted result. The return value will consist of a leading sign, a floating-point value in exponential notation, an

Meaning

DMM is not ready

DMM is ready, and reading is placed at lpszReading

r code

Erro

[64];

oints to a buffer (at least 64 characters long) to hold the

MM. DMMs are numbered starting with zero.

d a units specifier.

DMMQuickInit

SM2060 ; SM2064 ;

Signametrics 94

Description Initialize a DMM without tests.

#include "SMX2060.h"

int DMMQuickInit(int nDmm, LPCSTR lpszCal)

Remarks This function or DMMInit() must be the first functions to be executed. It opens the

driver for the specified DMM. The first DMM being 0, the second 1, etc... It also initializes the DMM hardware. This function is designed for speed and therefore does not perform the v

itializes the so

in the file specified by function can be under 100ms.

arious self tests and calibration performed by the DMMInit functions. It

ftware and reads the appropriate calibration record for the DMM from

lpszCal. Depending on the operating system, the execution of this

Parameter

nDmm

lpszCal

Return Value The return value is one of the following constants.

Value

DMM_OKAY

Negative Value

Example /* initialize DMM */ int i = DMMQuickInit(0,"C:\SM60CAL.dat"); // Quickly initialize the first DMM

DMMRea

SM2060 ; SM2064

;

Type/Description

int Identifies the DMM. DMMs are numbered starting with zero.

LPCSTR Points to the name of the file containing the calibration

constants for the DMM. Calibration information is normally read

from the file named SM60CAL.DAT located in the current directory.

Meaning

DMM initialized successfully.

Error code

escription Return the next floating-point reading from the DMM.

#include "SM206032.h"

int DMMRead(int nDmm, double *

lpdResult)

95 Signametrics

Remarks Executing the DMMRead function causes the DMM to perform a single conversion an

retrieve the result. The DMM, performs all scaling and conversion required, and returns the result as a 64-bit double-precision floating-point number in the location pointed to by

lpdResult. It can read all the Primary functions (those that can be selected us DMMSetFunction() and DMMSetRange() ). Returned result is a scaled value which is

normilized to the selected range. That is . That is, it returns 200 for 200mV input in the 240 mV range, and 100 for 100 kΩ input in the 330k Ω range. Alternatively use the

DMMReadNorm() fu the results as formated string of the DMMRead().Very large values are indication of

r range condition.

ove

nction for base units read function, or DMMReadStr() to return

ing

Parame Type/Description

nDmm

lpdResul

Return Value The return valu the following constants.

Value

DMM_OKAY

Negative Value

Positive Value

xample

E double dResults[100];

DMMR fer

eadBuf

SM2060 ; SM2064 ;

Description internal buffer.

ter

int Identifies the DMM. DMMs are numbered starting with zero.

int statu

or(i=0; I <

double * Points to the location to

e is one of

Meaning

DMM initialized successfully.

Error code

Warning cod

100; i++) DMMRead(0, &dResults[i]);// Read to a buffer

e, including over range.

hold the next reading.

Return the next double floating-point reading from the DMM

#include "SM206032.h"

int DMMReadBuffer(int nDmm, double *lpdResult)

Remarks ad the next m e DMM internal buffer, pointed to by an internal

Parame

nDmm

lpdResult

Return Value

Re easurement from th buffer pointer, and increment the pointer. Store the measurement as a 64-bit doubleprecision floati this

operation to the number of samples (size) of the buffer. See DMMArmAnalogTrigger()

nctions for m

fu ore information about the buffer size.

ter Type/Description

The return value is one of the following constants.

Signametrics 96

ng-point number in the location pointed to by lpdResult. Limit using

int Identi

double * Points to the location wh

fies the DMM. DMMs are numbered starting with zero.

ich holds the stored measuremnt.

Value Meaning

DMM_OKAY

Negativ

Example double int status; DMMArmTrigger(0,10); // Set up for 10 t

for(i=0; i < 10 ; i++)

e Value

while( ! DMMReady(0));

status = DMMReadBuffer(0, &Buffer[i]);

Operation successfully completed.

Error Code

Buffer[10];

DMMReadBuf

SM2060 ; SM2064 ;

Description

Remarks The same as DMMReadBuffer()

Parame

ferStr

Return the next reading, formatted for printing.

#include "SM206032.h"

int DMMReadBufferStr

Measurem

pszReading.

ter Type/Description

ents are stored as a null terminated string at the location pointed to by

(int nDmm, , LPSTR lpszReading)

except the reading is formatted as a string with units.

riggered samples

nDmm

lpszReadi

Return Value The return value is

Value Meaning

DMM_OKAY

Negative Value

ample

Ex char Buf[64];

DMMArmTrigger(0,1); // take a single triggered sample

DMMReadCJT

while( !DMMReady(0)); DMMReadBufferStr(0, Buf);

emp

int s the DMM. DMMs are numbered starting with zero.

Identifie

LPSTR ds the formatted reading

stri

Operation successfully completed.

Error code

Points to the location which hol

ng. Allow minimum of 64.

one of the following constants.

SM2060 ; SM2064 ;

Description Read cold junction temperature for th

#include "SM206032.h"

int

DMMReadCJTemp(int nDmm, double *lpdTemp)

ermocouple measurement.

97 Signametrics

Remarks Read the cold juncion temperature sensor for subsequent thrermocouple measurements.

When measuring temperature using thermocouples it is necessary to establish a reference or cold junction temperaturem. This is the temperature at which the themocouple w are connected to the DMM or to the switching card’s cooper wires. One way to do

by measuring the cold junction sensor using this function. D

function reads the sensor output voltage (0 to +/-3.3V), and converts it to cold junction

perature usi tion Temp = b + (Vcjs – a)/m. The default values of a,

tem ng the built in equa b and m are designed specifically for the temperarute sensor of the SM40T terminal block. The valu thermocouple measurements as well as return at the location pointed to by lpdTemp.

e of the cold junction temperature is saved internally for subsequent

MMReadCJTemp()

ires

this is

Parame

nDmm

lpdTemp

Return Value u e following constants.

Value Meaning

DMM_OKAY

Negative

Example DMMReadCJTemp(0, &temp)

ter Type/Description

int Identifies the DMM. DMMs are numbered starting with zero.

double * Points to the location to h

The return val e is one of th

Operation successfully terminated

Value

Error code.

;

DMMReadCrestFactor

SM2060  SM2064 ;

Description

Return ACV signal’s Crest Factor.

#include "SM206032.h"

int DMMReadCrestFactor(int nDmm, double *lpdResult)

old the temperature.

Remarks To use this function the DMM must be in ACV measurement function, and a valid range

ust be selected. ocation

m A double-precision floating-point Crest Factor is stored in the l

pointed to by lpdResult. This measurement is a composite function, utilizing several sub

functions, and could take over 10 seconds to section of the manual for more detail.

Parameter

nDmm

lpdResult

urn Value The return value i

Ret s one of the following constants.

Signametrics 98

perform. See the Crest Factor measurement

Type/Description

int Identifies the DMM. DMMs are numbered starting with zero.

double * Points to the location to hold the Crest Factor.

Value Meaning

DMM_OKAY

Negative Value

Example double CF; int status = DMMReadCrestFactor(0, &CF);

Operation successfully completed.

Error code

DMMReadDutyCycle

SM2060  SM2064 ;

Description turn percent signal.

Remarks This is a Secondary function and the DMM must b

Parameter

nDmm

#include "SM2

int DMMReadDutyCycle(int nDmm, double *lpdDcy)

valid range must be set. It returns percent duty cycl double-precisio point numbers in the location pointed to by lpdDcy. The measured duty cycle is effected by the setting of the Threshold DAC.

duty cycle of ACV

06032.h"

e in AC measurement function, and a

e of the signal. It is stored as

n floating-

Type/Description

int Identifies the DMM. DMMs are numbered starting with zero.

lpdDcy

Return Value The return value is one of the following constants.

Value Meaning

DMM_OKAY

Negative Value

Example

double dcy; int state; state = DMMRe

double * Points to the location which holds the duty cycle.

Operation successfully completed.

Erro

r code

adDutyCycle(0, &dcy);

DMMReadFrequency

SM2060 ; SM2064 ;

Description Return the next double floating-point frequency reading from the DMM.

#include "SM206032.h"

int DMMReadFrequency(int nDmm, double *lpdResult)

99 Signametrics

Remarks This is function, that is the DMM must be in ACV measurement function, and a valid

range must be selected for proper operation. If the frequency counter is not eng select it. Make a single frequency measurement, and store the result as a 64-bit double-

precision floating-point number in the location pointed to by lpdResult. See DMMFrequencyStr() for more details. In cases where the of frequency being measured

pproximatel SetCounterRng to select the appropriate range. This

is a y known, use DMM

will eliminate the self ranging of the counter, resulting in a single measurement to acquire the freq

Parameter Type/Description

uency.

aged,

nDmm

lpdRes

ult

Return Value rn value is one of the following constants.

Value Meaning

DMM_OKAY

DMM_E_INIT

DMM_E_DMM

Example d

The retu

ouble d;

int status = DMMReadFrequency(0, &d);

int Identifies the DMM. DMMs a

double * Po

Operation successfully completed.

DMM is uninitialized. Must be initialize prior to using any function.

Invalid DMM number.

ints to the location to hold the frequency.

DMMReadInductorQ

SM2060  SM2064 ;

Description Return inductor’s Q value.

#include "SM206032.h"

int DMMReadInductorQ(int nDmm, double *lpdResult)

re numbered starting with zero.

Remarks To use this function the DMM must be in the Inductance measurement function, and a

valid inductanc een read prior to using this function. Resulting Q is

stored as double-precision floating-point number in the location pointed to by lpdResult.

Parameter

nDmm

lpdResult

Return Value The return value is one of the following constants.

Value

DMM_OKAY

Negative Value

Example double Q;

int status = DMMReadInductorQ(0, &Q);

e value must have b

Type/Description

int Identifies the DMM. DMMs are numbered starting with zero.

double * Points to the location to hold the inductor’s Q.

Meaning

Operation successfully completed.

Error code

Signametrics 100

Signametrics SM2060, SMX2060, SMX2064, SM2064 Operator's Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual