Sigma 3-16L, 3-16L IVD Operating Manual

Translation of the original operating manual
sb

03/2014
Rev. 2.11 of 11/08/2017
Sigma 3-16L;Laboratory Centrifuge;Sigma 3-16L IVD

Laboratory Centrifuge

part no. 0700902

Sigma 3-16L

Sigma 3-16L IVD

from serial no. 146284

Laboratory Centrifuge

Operating Manual

Please retain for later use!

Laboratory Centrifuge Sigma 3-16L
Laboratory Centrifuge Sigma 3-16L IVD

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Laboratory Centrifuge Sigma 3-16L

Laboratory Centrifuge Sigma 3-16L IVD

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Translation of the original operating manual, part no. 0700902

In case of inquiries, please state the following numbers:

Order number:
Serial number:

© Copyright by
Sigma Laborzentrifugen GmbH
An der Unteren Söse 50
37520 Osterode am Harz
Germany

Tel.: [phone] / 5007-0
Fax: [phone] / 5007-12
Web: www.sigma-zentrifugen.de
E-mail: [e-mail]

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Laboratory Centrifuge Sigma 3-16L IVD

Table of contents

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1 General information ............................................................................................................. 9

1.1 Importance of the operating manual .................................................................................. 9

1.2 Intended use ..................................................................................................................... 9

1.3 Warranty and liability......................................................................................................... 9

1.4 Copyright ........................................................................................................................ 10

1.5 Standards and regulations .............................................................................................. 10

1.6 Scope of supply .............................................................................................................. 10

2 Layout and mode of operation .......................................................................................... 11

2.1 Layout of the centrifuge .................................................................................................. 11

2.1.1 Functional and operating elements ............................................................................ 11

2.1.2 Name plate ................................................................................................................ 12

2.2 Mode of operation ........................................................................................................... 13

2.2.1 Centrifugation principle .............................................................................................. 13

2.2.2 Area of application ..................................................................................................... 13

2.2.2.1 Speed, radius, and relative centrifugal force ...................................................... 14

2.2.2.2 Density ............................................................................................................... 14

3 Safety .................................................................................................................................. 15

3.1 Marking of the unit ................................ .......................................................................... 15

3.2 Explanation of the symbols and notes ............................................................................. 16

3.3 Responsibility of the operator .......................................................................................... 17

3.4 Operating personnel ....................................................................................................... 17

3.5 Informal safety instructions ............................................................................................. 17

3.6 Safety instructions .......................................................................................................... 18

3.6.1 Electrical safety ......................................................................................................... 18

3.6.2 Mechanical safety ...................................................................................................... 18

3.6.3 Fire prevention ........................................................................................................... 19

3.6.4 Chemical and biological safety .................................................................................. 19

3.6.5 Safety instructions for centrifugation .......................................................................... 20

3.6.6 Resistance of plastics ................................................................................................ 20

3.6.7 Safety of rotors and accessories ................................................................................ 21

3.6.7.1 Service life ................................................................ ......................................... 21

3.7 Safety devices ................................................................................................................ 22

3.7.1 Lid lock device ........................................................................................................... 22

3.7.2 Standstill monitoring system ...................................................................................... 22

3.7.3 System check ............................................................................................................ 22

3.7.4 Earth conductor check ............................................................................................... 22

3.7.5 Imbalance monitoring system .................................................................................... 22

3.7.6 Rotor monitoring system ............................................................................................ 22

3.8 Measures in the event of hazards and accidents ............................................................ 23

3.9 Remaining hazards ......................................................................................................... 23

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4 Storage and transport ....................................................................................................... 24

4.1 Dimensions and weight ................................................................................................... 24

4.2 Storage conditions .......................................................................................................... 24

4.3 Notes on transport ................................ .......................................................................... 24

4.4 Packaging ....................................................................................................................... 25

4.5 Transport safety device ................................................................................................... 25

5 Set-up and connection ...................................................................................................... 26

5.1 Installation site ................................................................................................................ 26

5.2 Power supply .................................................................................................................. 26

5.2.1 Type of connection .................................................................................................... 26

5.2.2 Customer-provided fuses ........................................................................................... 26

6 Using the centrifuge .......................................................................................................... 27

6.1 Initial start-up .................................................................................................................. 27

6.2 Switching the centrifuge on ............................................................................................. 27

6.2.1 Opening and closing the lid ........................................................................................ 27

6.2.2 Installation of rotors and accessories ......................................................................... 28

6.2.2.1 Installation of the rotor ........................................................................................ 28

6.2.2.2 Installation of angle rotors with a hermetically sealed lid .................................... 28

6.2.2.3 Installation of accessories .................................................................................. 29

6.2.2.4 Adapters ............................................................................................................ 30

6.2.2.5 Tubes ................................ ................................................................ ................. 30

6.3 Control system "Spincontrol L" ........................................................................................ 31

6.3.1 User interface ............................................................................................................ 31

6.3.2 Manual mode ............................................................................................................. 32

6.3.2.1 Starting a centrifugation run ............................................................................... 32

6.3.2.2 Interrupting a centrifugation run ......................................................................... 32

6.3.2.3 Interrupting a deceleration process .................................................................... 32

6.3.2.4 Selection, display, and modification of data ........................................................ 32

6.3.2.5 Speed / relative centrifugal force (RCF) ............................................................. 33

6.3.2.6 Runtime ............................................................................................................. 33

6.3.2.7 Rotor selection ................................................................................................... 35

6.3.2.8 Acceleration and deceleration curves ................................................................. 36

6.3.2.9 Automatic lid opening function ("AutoOpen") ...................................................... 37

6.3.2.10 Sound signal ("Buzzer") ..................................................................................... 37

6.3.2.11 Program lock ("ProgLock") ................................................................................. 38

6.3.2.12 Cycle display ("Cycles") ..................................................................................... 38

6.3.2.13 Input lock ........................................................................................................... 39

6.3.3 Program mode ........................................................................................................... 41

6.3.3.1 Saving a program ............................................................................................... 41

6.3.3.2 Loading a program ............................................................................................. 42

6.4 Switching the centrifuge off ............................................................................................. 42

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7 Malfunctions and error correction .................................................................................... 43

7.1 General malfunctions ...................................................................................................... 43

7.1.1 Emergency lid release ............................................................................................... 44

7.2 Table of error codes ........................................................................................................ 45

7.3 Service contact ............................................................................................................... 46

8 Maintenance and service ................................................................................................... 47

8.1 Maintenance ................................................................................................................... 47

8.1.1 Centrifuge .................................................................................................................. 47

8.1.2 Accessories ............................................................................................................... 48

8.1.2.1 Plastic accessories ............................................................................................ 48

8.1.3 Rotors, buckets and carriers ...................................................................................... 49

8.1.4 Load bearing bolts ................................................................................................ ..... 49

8.1.5 Glass breakage ......................................................................................................... 50

8.2 Sterilisation and disinfection of the rotor chamber and accessories ................................ 50

8.2.1 Autoclaving ................................................................................................................ 51

8.3 Service ........................................................................................................................... 52

8.4 Return of defective parts ................................................................................................. 53

9 Disposal .............................................................................................................................. 55

9.1 Disposal of the centrifuge ............................................................................................... 55

9.2 Disposal of the packaging ............................................................................................... 55

10 Technical data .................................................................................................................... 56

10.1 Ambient conditions ......................................................................................................... 57

10.2 Technical documentation ................................................................................................ 57

11 Appendix ............................................................................................................................ 58

11.1 Range of accessories ..................................................................................................... 58

11.1.1 Maximum speed for tubes .......................................................................................... 61

11.1.2 Rotor radii .................................................................................................................. 61

11.2 Speed-gravitational-field-diagram ................................ ................................................... 62

11.3 Acceleration and deceleration curves ............................................................................. 63

11.4 Table of the service life of rotors and accessories ........................................................... 65

11.5 Resistance data .............................................................................................................. 66

11.6 EC declaration of conformity ........................................................................................... 70

11.7 Declaration of conformity – China RoHS 2 ...................................................................... 74

12 Index ................................................................................................................................... 76

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1 General information

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1.1 Importance of the operating manual

A fundamental requirement for the safe and trouble-free operation of the
centrifuge is to be familiar with the fundamental safety instructions and all
possible hazards.

The operating manual includes important information concerning the safe
operation of the centrifuge.

This operating manual and, in particular, the notes on safety and hazards
must be observed by all persons operating the centrifuge.

In addition, the local rules and regulations for the prevention of accidents

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must be complied with.

1.2 Intended use

The laboratory centrifuge is suitable for the separation of constituents of
different densities in mixtures with a maximum density of 1.2 g/cm3.

The laboratory centrifuge that is marked with IVD is intended for human
biological samples, including donated blood and tissue, in conjunction with
diagnostic in-vitro applications. This means that it is a medical product in
accordance with the IVD directive 98/79/EC.

Only trained, specialised personnel are authorised to use the centrifuge in
closed laboratories.

The intended use also includes:

• observation of all of the notes and instructions that are included in the
operating manual and

• compliance with the inspection and maintenance instructions.

Sigma Laborzentrifugen GmbH cannot be held liable for any damage

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resulting from non-compliance.

1.3 Warranty and liability

The warranty and liability are subject to our "General Conditions" that were
distributed to the operator upon the conclusion of the contract.

Warranty and liability claims are excluded if they are due to:

• improper use.

• non-compliance with the safety instructions and hazard warnings in the

operating manual.

• improper installation, start-up, operation, or maintenance of the

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centrifuge.

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• 1 power cord with an IEC C13 connector

depending on the voltage
variant

• 1 rotor wrench

Part no. 930 100

• 1 tube (30 g) heavy-duty grease for load-
bearing bolts

Part no. 71 401

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1.4 Copyright

The copyright concerning the operating manual remains with
Sigma Laborzentrifugen GmbH.

The operating manual is solely intended for the operator and their
personnel. It includes instructions and information that must not be

• duplicated,

• distributed, or

• communicated in any other way.

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Non-compliance may be prosecuted under criminal law.

1.5 Standards and regulations

EC declaration of conformity

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(see chapter 11.6 - "EC declaration of conformity")

1.6 Scope of supply

The centrifuge comprises:

Documentation:

Operating manual incl. EC declaration of conformity
(see chapter 11.6 - "EC declaration of conformity")

Accessories

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According to your order, our order confirmation, and your delivery note.

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1 Lid
2 User interface (see

chapter 6.3.1 - "User
interface")

3 Mains switch

4 Name plate

(see chapter 2.1.2 -

"Name plate")
5 Mains power input
6 Equipotential bonding

screw

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2 Layout and mode of operation

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2.1 Layout of the centrifuge

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2.1.1 Functional and operating elements

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Fig. 1: Total view of the centrifuge

Fig. 2: Rear view of the centrifuge

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1 Manufacturer and

registered office
2 Type
3 Serial number
4 Max. density
5 Nominal voltage
6 Input fuse
7 Symbol for special

disposal (see chapter

9 - "Disposal")
8 CE-mark in

compliance with the

directive 2006/42/EG
9 Part number
10 Year of manufacture
11 Max. speed
12 Max. kinetic energy
13 Power consumption

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2.1.2 Name plate

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Fig. 3: Example of a name plate

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2.2 Mode of operation

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2.2.1 Centrifugation principle

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Das

Centrifugation is a process for the separation of heterogeneous mixtures of
substances (suspensions, emulsions, or gas mixtures) into their
components. The mixture of substances, which rotates on a circular path, is
subject to centripetal acceleration that is several times greater than the
gravitational acceleration.

Centrifuges use the mass inertia inside the rotor chamber for separating the
substances. Due to their higher inertia, particles or media with a higher
density travel outwards. In doing so, they displace the components with a
lower density, which in turn travel towards the centre.

The centripetal acceleration of an object inside a centrifuge, as the effect of
centripetal force, depends on the distance between the object and the axis
of rotation as well as on the angular velocity. It increases linearly as a
function of the distance with regard to the axis of rotation and quadratically
as a function of the angular velocity. The bigger the radius in the rotor
chamber is and the higher the speed is, the higher the centripetal
acceleration is. However, the forces acting on the rotor also increase.

2.2.2 Area of application

Depending on the area of application of the centrifuge and also on the
particle size, solids content, and volume throughput of the mixture of
substances that is to be centrifuged, there are different types of centrifuges.

The areas of application go from household use as a salad spinner or
honey separator up to specialised technical applications in the clinical,
biological, or biochemical context:

• For numerous clinical examinations, cellular material must be separated
from the liquid to be analysed. The normal separation process can be
sped up considerably by using laboratory centrifuges.

• In the metal-working industry, centrifuges are used for separating oil
from metal cuttings. Dairies use centrifuges in order to separate cow’s
milk into cream and low-fat milk.

• Particularly big centrifuges are used in the sugar industry for separating
the syrup from the crystalline sugar.

• Ultracentrifuges are predominantly used in biology and biochemistry in
order to isolate particles, e.g. viruses. They are specifically designed for
high speeds up to 500,000 rpm. The rotor moves in a vacuum in order

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to avoid air friction.

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)/2,1( Rho

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2.2.2.1 Speed, radius, and relative centrifugal force

The acceleration g, which the samples are subject to, can be increased by
increasing the radius in the rotor chamber and by increasing the speed.
These three parameters are interdependent and linked with each other via
the following formula:

Relative centrifugal force RCF = 11.18 x 10-6 x r x n2

r = radius in cm
n = speed in rpm
RCF without any dimension

If two values are entered, the third value is determined by way of the stated
formula. If, afterwards, the speed or the radius is changed, the resulting
relative centrifugal force will be recalculated automatically by the control
unit. If the RCF is changed, the speed will be adapted while the specified
radius is maintained.

The speed-gravitational-field-diagram provides an overview of the
relationship between speed, radius, and RCF (see chapter 11.2 - "Speed-

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gravitational-field-diagram").

2.2.2.2 Density

The laboratory centrifuge is suitable for the separation of constituents of
different densities in mixtures with a maximum density of 1.2 g/cm3. All
information concerning the speed of rotors and accessories refers to liquids
with a density corresponding to this specification. If the density is above this
value, the maximum permissible speed of the centrifuge must be reduced
based on the following formula:

n = n

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Rho = density in g/cm3

max

x

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Dangerous voltage

I

On (Power)

Hot surface

0

Off (Power)

Caution! Risk of bruising

Name plate (see chapter

2.1.2 - "Name plate")

Protective earth (ground)

CE mark in compliance with
the directive 2006/42/EC

Earth (ground)

Do not dispose as part of
domestic waste

Unplug the mains plug

GS mark (tested safety;
only for Germany)

Arrow indicating the
direction of rotation

NRTL mark (only for the
USA and Canada)

4°C Guarantee

RCM mark
(only for Australia)

Centrifuge with heating
system

China RoHS 2 mark
(only for China)

Medical product in
accordance with the IVD
directive 98/79/EC (In-vitro
diagnostica)

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3 Safety

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3.1 Marking of the unit

The following symbols are used for all types of centrifuges manufactured by Sigma:

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NOTE

Safety indications on the centrifuge must be kept readable at all times. If
necessary, they must be replaced.

NOTE

Not all of the symbols/labels are used for this centrifuge type.

DANGER

This symbol stands for a direct hazard to the life and health of persons.

Non-observance of these symbols causes serious health problems up to
life-endangering injuries.

DANGER

This symbol stands for a direct hazard to the life and health of persons
due to electrical voltage.

Non-observance of these symbols causes serious health problems up to
life-endangering injuries.

WARNING

This symbol stands for a potential hazard to the life and health of persons.

Non-observance of these symbols can cause serious health problems up
to life-endangering injuries.

CAUTION

This symbol indicates a potentially hazardous situation

Non-observance of these notes can cause minor injuries or damage to
property.

NOTE

This symbol indicates important information.

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3.2 Explanation of the symbols and notes

In this operating manual, the following names and symbols to indicate
hazards are used:

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3.3 Responsibility of the operator

The operator undertakes to authorise only trained, specialised personnel to
work on the centrifuge (see chapter 3.4 - "Operating personnel").

The areas of responsibility of the personnel concerning the operation,
maintenance, and care of the unit must be clearly defined.

The safety-conscious work of the personnel in compliance with the
operating manual and the relevant EC health and safety directives, and the
national laws concerning health and safety and the prevention of accidents
must be checked at regular intervals (e.g. every month).

Under the international rules for health and safety at work, the operator is
obliged to:

• take measures in order to prevent danger to life or health during work.

• ensure that the centrifuges are used properly and entirely as intended

(see chapter 1.2 - "Intended use").

• take protective measures against fire and explosion when working with
hazardous substances.

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• take measures for the safe opening of the centrifuges.

3.4 Operating personnel

Only trained, specialised personnel are authorised to operate the unit. The
persons operating the unit must

• be familiar with the fundamental health, safety, and accident prevention
regulations.

• have read and understood this operating manual, in particular the safety

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sections and warning notes, and confirmed this with their signature.

3.5 Informal safety instructions

• This operating manual is a part of the product.

• The operating manual must be kept at the location of use of the

centrifuge. Ensure that it is accessible at all times.

• The operating manual must be handed over to any subsequent owner
or operator of the centrifuge.

• Any changes made must be added to the operating manual.

• In addition to the operating manual, the general and local rules and

regulations concerning the prevention of accidents and the protection of
the environment must also be supplied.

• Safety and danger indications on the centrifuge must be kept readable

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at all times. If necessary, they must be replaced.

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DANGER

• Ensure that the wall socket is properly wired and grounded.

• Check that the mains voltage agrees with the nominal voltage listed on

the name plate.

• Do not place vessels containing liquid on the centrifuge lid or within the
safety distance of 30 cm around the centrifuge. Spilled liquids may get
into the centrifuge and damage electrical or mechanical components.

• Work on the power supply system must only be performed by certified
electricians.

• Inspect the electrical equipment of the unit regularly. Defects such as
loose or burnt cables must be eliminated immediately.

WARNING

• Do not open the lid when the rotor is in motion!

• Do not reach into the rotor chamber when the rotor is in motion!

• Do not use the centrifuge if it was installed incorrectly.

• Do not use the centrifuge without panels.

• Do not use the centrifuge if the rotors and inserts show signs of

corrosion or other defects.

• Only use the centrifuge with rotors and accessories that have been
approved by the manufacturer. In case of doubt, contact the
manufacturer (see chapter 7.3 - "Service contact").

• Do not hold your fingers between the lid and the housing when closing
the lid. Risk of crushing!

• Defective lid relieving devices could cause the centrifuge lid to fall
(contact the service department, if necessary). Risk of crushing!

• Do not hit or move the centrifuge during its operation.

• Do not lean against or rest on the centrifuge during its operation.

• Do not spin any substances that could damage the material of the

rotors and buckets of the centrifuge in any way. Highly corrosive
substances, for example, damage the material and affect the
mechanical strength of the rotors and buckets.

• Stop the centrifuge immediately in the event of a malfunction. Eliminate
the malfunction (see chapter 7 - "Malfunctions and error correction") or
inform the service department of the manufacturer (see chapter 7.3 ­"Service contact").

• Ensure that all repairs are performed only by authorised and
specialised personnel.

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

3.6 Safety instructions

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3.6.1 Electrical safety

To reduce the risk of electrical shock, the centrifuge uses a three-wire
electrical cord and plug to connect the equipment to earth-ground. To

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

preserve this safety feature:

3.6.2 Mechanical safety

In order to ensure the safe operation of the centrifuge, observe the
following:

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WARNING

• Prior to any start-up, check the centrifuge, rotor, and accessories for
signs of damage that can be discerned from the outside. Special
attention must be paid to all of the rubber parts (e.g. motor cover, lid
seal, and adapters) in terms of visible structural changes. Defective
parts must be replaced immediately.

• Open the centrifuge when it is not in use so that moisture can
evaporate.

DANGER

• Do not spin explosive or inflammable substances.

• Do not use the centrifuge within hazardous locations.

DANGER

• Infectious, toxic, pathogenic, and radioactive substances may only be
used in special, certified containment systems with a bio-seal in order
to prevent the material from being released.

• Take suitable precautions for your own safety if there is a risk of toxic,
radioactive, or pathogenic contamination

• Materials that chemically react with each other with a high level of
energy are prohibited.

WARNING

• Keep informed about local measures to avoid harmful emissions
(depending on the substances to be centrifuged).

• Protective clothing is not required for the operation of the centrifuge.
The materials to be centrifuged may, however, require special safety
measures (e.g. centrifugation of infectious, toxic, radioactive, or
pathogenic substances).

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3.6.3 Fire prevention

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3.6.4 Chemical and biological safety

If pathogenic, toxic, or radioactive samples are intended to be used in the
centrifuge, it is in the responsibility of the user to ensure that all necessary
safety regulations, guidelines, precautions, and practices are adhered to
accordingly.

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WARNING

• Ensure that the centrifuge was set up properly (see chapter 5 - "Set-up
and connection").

• Maintain a safety distance of at least 30 cm (12 inches) around the
centrifuge.

• Do not store any dangerous goods in the centrifuge area.

• Do not stay in the safety area longer than what is absolutely necessary

for the operation of the centrifuge.

• Only use the centrifuge with rotors and accessories that have been
approved by the manufacturer. We explicitly warn against the use of
equipment of poor quality. Breaking glass or bursting vessels can
cause dangerous imbalances at high speeds

• Ensure that rotor and buckets are correctly fitted (see chapter 6.2.2.1 ­"Installation of the rotor").

• Observe the instructions on the installation of accessories (see chapter

6.2.2.3 - "Installation of accessories").

WARNING

• The rotor must be loaded axial symmetrically at equal weights.

• If liquids with a density > 1.2 g/cm3 are used, reduce the speed (see

chapter 2.2.2.2 - "Density").

• Do not use the centrifuge if the rotor is loaded asymmetrically.

• Do not use the centrifuge with tubes that are excessively long.

NOTE

• Refer to the resistance data (see chapter 11.5 - "Resistance data")!

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3.6.5 Safety instructions for centrifugation

For safe operation, observe the following before starting the centrifuge:

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3.6.6 Resistance of plastics

Chemical influences have a strong effect on the polymeric chains of
plastics, and, therefore, on their physical properties. Plastic parts can be

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damaged if solvents, acids, or alkaline solutions are used.

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WARNING

• Perform regular checks (at least once per month) for safety reasons!

• Pay special attention to changes, such as corrosion, cracks, material

abrasion, etc.

• After 10 years, they must be inspected by the manufacturer.

• After 50,000 cycles, the rotor must be scrapped for reasons of safety.

• If other data concerning the service life are engraved on the rotor or

bucket, these data shall apply accordingly. For example, a bucket with

the engraving “max. cycles = 10,000” has a service life of 10,000
cycles, and a rotor with the engraving “Exp. date 02/20” must be

scrapped in February 2020 at the latest (see figure).

NOTE

• Refer to the table of rotors and accessories with a different service
life (see chapter 11.4 - "Table of the service life of rotors and
accessories")!

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3.6.7 Safety of rotors and accessories

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3.6.7.1 Service life

The rotors and accessories have a limited service life.

Fig. 4: Different service life – engraving on the bucket/rotor

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3.7 Safety devices

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3.7.1 Lid lock device

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3.7.2 Standstill monitoring system

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3.7.3 System check

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The centrifuge can only be started when the lid is properly closed. The
electrical lock must be locked. The lid can only be opened when the rotor
has stopped. If the lid is opened by way of the emergency release system
during operation, the centrifuge will immediately switch off and decelerate
brakeless. If the lid is open, the drive is completely separated from the
mains power supply, i.e. the centrifuge cannot be started (see chapter 7.1.1

- "Emergency lid release").

Opening of the centrifuge lid is only possible if the rotor is at a standstill.
This standstill is checked by the microprocessor.

An internal system check monitors the data transfer and sensor signals with
regard to plausibility. The system continuously performs a self-check and
identifies malfunctions. Error messages are displayed as "Error" followed
by a code number (see chapter 7.2 - "Table of error codes").

3.7.4 Earth conductor check

For the earth conductor check, there is an equipotential bonding screw on
the rear panel of the centrifuge (see chapter 2.1.1 - "Functional and
operating elements"). An earth conductor check can be carried out by
authorized and specialized personnel using a suitable measuring
instrument. Please contact the service department (see chapter 7.3 -

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

"Service contact").

3.7.5 Imbalance monitoring system

The indication "Imbalance" in the rotor field and, in some cases, also a
sound signal indicate that the centrifuge is in the impermissible imbalance
range.The drive will be switched off in the acceleration phase or during the

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run.

3.7.6 Rotor monitoring system

When a rotor number and, if applicable, a bucket number are selected, the
computer will automatically check whether the entered speed or the

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entered gravitational field are permissible for the selected rotor.

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DANGER

• If an emergency arises, switch off the centrifuge immediately!

• If in doubt, call the emergency doctor!

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3.8 Measures in the event of hazards and accidents

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3.9 Remaining hazards

The unit was built state- of- the- art and according to the accepted safety
rules. However, danger to life and limb of the operator, or of third parties, or
impairments of the unit or other material assets cannot be completely
excluded when the unit is being used.

• Use the unit only for the purpose that it was originally intended for (see
chapter 1.2 - "Intended use").

• Use the unit only if it is in a perfect running state.

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• Immediately eliminate any problems that can affect safety.

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Sigma 3-16L, 3-16L IVD

Height:

355 mm

Height with open lid:

770 mm

Width:

460 mm

Depth:

600 mm

Weight:

48 kg

CAUTION

The centrifuge weighs approx. 48 kg!

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4 Storage and transport

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4.1 Dimensions and weight

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4.2 Storage conditions

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The centrifuge can be stored in its original packaging for up to a year.

• Store the centrifuge only in dry rooms.

• The permissible storage temperature is between -20°C and +60°C.

• If you would like to store it for more than one year, or if you intend to

ship it overseas, please contact the manufacturer.

4.3 Notes on transport

• Install the transport safety device (see chapter 4.5 - "Transport safety
device")

• Always lift the centrifuge with a lifting device or with a sufficient number
of people helping you.

• When lifting the centrifuge, always reach under the centrifuge from the

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side.

• For transport use suitable packaging and, if at all possible, the original
packaging (see chapter 4.4 - "Packaging").

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CAUTION

The centrifuge weighs approx. 48 kg!

CAUTION

The transport safety device must be removed prior to start-up because the
screws lock the motor bearings!

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4.4 Packaging

The centrifuge is packaged in a slip-lid box.

• Take off the lid.

• Remove the box containing the accessories and the packaging material.

• Remove the slip-lid box.

• Lift the centrifuge upwards with a lifting device or with a sufficient

number of people to lift it safely. When lifting the centrifuge, always

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4.5 Transport safety device

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reach under the centrifuge from the side.

• Retain the packaging for any possible future transport of the centrifuge.

The transport safety device consists of a foamed plastic piece in the rotor
chamber.

Removal

• Open the lid by pressing the lid key. If the centrifuge is not connected to
the power supply, use the emergency release of the lid (see chapter

7.1.1 - "Emergency lid release").

• Remove the foamed plastic piece (see figure, item 1) from the rotor
chamber, by lifting it carefully on one side.

Fig. 5: Removal of the transport safety device

• Retain the transport safety device for the possibility of the return of the

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centrifuge.

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DANGER

The operating voltage on the name plate must correspond to the local
supply voltage!

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5 Set-up and connection

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5.1 Installation site

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Operate the centrifuge only in closed and dry rooms.
All the energy supplied to the centrifuge is converted into heat and emitted

to the ambient air.

• Ensure sufficient ventilation.

• Keep a safety distance of at least 30 cm around the centrifuge so that

the vents in the centrifuge remain fully effective.

• Do not subject the centrifuge to thermal stress, e.g. by positioning it
near heat generators.

• Avoid direct sunlight (UV radiation).

• The table must be stable and have a solid, even surface.

• Attention: During transport from cold to warmer places, condensational

water will collect inside the centrifuge. It is important to allow sufficient
time for drying (min. 24 h) before the centrifuge can be used again.

5.2 Power supply

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5.2.1 Type of connection

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Sigma centrifuges are units of protection class I. The centrifuges of this
model series have a three-wire power cord with an IEC C13 connector.
They are equipped with a mains power switch with an integrated thermal
circuit breaker.

• Switch the unit off by actuating the mains power switch.

• If it has tripped, let the circuit breaker cool for approximately 2 minutes.

• Switch the unit on.

The centrifuge is now ready for operation.

5.2.2 Customer-provided fuses

Typically, the centrifuge must be protected with 16 Amp L or B fuses that

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are to be provided by the customer.

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DANGER

• Before the initial start-up, please ensure that your centrifuge is properly
set up and installed (see chapter 5 - "Set-up and connection").

WARNING

Do not place your fingers between the lid and the housing when closing
the lid. Risk of crushing!

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6 Using the centrifuge

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6.1 Initial start-up

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6.2 Switching the centrifuge on

• Press the mains power switch.

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6.2.1 Opening and closing the lid

The display then illuminates. The centrifuge is ready for operation.

The lid can be opened if the centrifuge is at a standstill and if the lid key is
illuminated.

• Press the lid key in order to open the lid.
The centrifuge cannot be started if the lid is opened.

• To close, press with both hands slightly on the lid until the electrical lock
is locked.

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WARNING

Once a day or after 20 cycles, the rotor tie-down screw must be loosened
by some turns, and the rotor must be lifted and fastened again. This
ensures a proper connection between the rotor and the motor shaft.

CAUTION

When using rotors for microtiter plate formats:
Ensure that the plate holders are inserted together with the plates into the

buckets.

NOTE

The lid screw serves for the fastening of the lid onto the rotor only, not for
the fastening of the rotor onto the motor shaft.

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6.2.2 Installation of rotors and accessories

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6.2.2.1 Installation of the rotor

• Open the centrifuge lid by pressing the lid key.

• Unscrew the rotor tie-down screw from the motor shaft (counter-

clockwise).

• Lower the rotor with its central bore straight down onto the motor shaft.

• Tighten the rotor tie-down screw clockwise with the supplied rotor

wrench with 7.5 Nm. In doing so, hold the rotor at its outer rim.

• Follow the safety instructions and hazard warnings (see chapter 3 -

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"Safety")!

6.2.2.2 Installation of angle rotors with a hermetically sealed lid

• Screw the rotor cover onto the rotor and tighten it.

• Lower the rotor with the cover onto the motor shaft .

• Insert the rotor tie-down screw into the motor shaft. Tighten the rotor tie-

down screw with 7.5 Nm using the supplied rotor wrench so that the
spring washer assembly is compressed tightly.

• The rotor can also be used without a cover.

• The rotors can be installed or removed with a closed lid after loosening

the rotor tie-down screw.

• Follow the safety instructions and hazard warnings (see chapter 3 ­"Safety")!

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1 Rotor tie down screw
2 Lid
3 Rotor

correct

incorrect

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

Fig. 6: Angle rotor with a hermetically sealed lid

6.2.2.3 Installation of accessories

• Only use inserts that are suitable for the rotor (see chapter 11.1 ­"Range of accessories").

• All buckets of the swing-out roto need to be installed when spinning.

• Always load the axial symmetrical inserts/buckets of the rotors with the

same accessories and fill to avoid imbalance.

Centrifugation with different tube sizes

Working with different tube sizes is possible. In this case, however, it is
very important that axial symmetrical inserts are identical.

Fig. 7: Permissible and impermissible loading of a swing-out rotor with different tube sizes
(example illustrations)

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correct

incorrect

Centrifugation with low capacity

• Install the tubes axial symmetrically so that the buckets and their inserts
are loaded evenly.

• It is not permissible to load angle rotors on only one axis.

Fig. 8: Permissible and impermissible loading of an angle rotor and a swing-out rotor

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(example illustrations)

6.2.2.4 Adapters

In order to ensure easy handling, even if vessels of various sizes are used,
carrier systems were developed.

• Load the opposite adapters with the same number of vessels and with
the same weights in order to avoid imbalance.

• If all of the compartments of a carrier are not used, the buckets must be

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

loaded evenly. Loading the edges of a bucket only is not permissible.

6.2.2.5 Tubes

• Load the tubes outside of the centrifuge. Liquids in the buckets or
multiple carriers cause corrosion .

• Fill the tubes carefully and arrange them according to their weight.
Imbalances result in the excessive wear of the bearings.

• In high-speed angle rotors, the vessels must be filled up to their useful
volume (= the volume stated for the vessel). If the vessels are only
partially filled, they will deform. This may result in leaks at the seals that
may become loose.

• When using glass tubes, the maximum value of 4,000 x g must not be
exceeded (except special high-strength glass tubes; please refer to the
information provided by the manufacturer).

• Follow the safety instructions and hazard warnings (see chapter 3 -

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"Safety")!

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1 Start key
2 Function knob
3 Display
4 Stop key
5 Lid key

1 Speed/rcf field
2 Various display fields

(e.g. for rotor, curve,
or program selection)

3 Time field

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6.3 Control system "Spincontrol L"

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

6.3.1 User interface

The centrifuge is operated via three buttons with integrated light-emitting
diodes and one function knob. The display is divided into several different
fields. The various functions of the system can be called up by pressing
and turning the function knob.

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Fig. 9: User interface of the “Spincontrol L” control system

Display

The centrifuge display has the following display fields:

Fig. 10: Display of the “Spincontrol L” control system

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6.3.2 Manual mode

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6.3.2.1 Starting a centrifugation run

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6.3.2.2 Interrupting a centrifugation run

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6.3.2.3 Interrupting a deceleration process

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6.3.2.4 Selection, display, and modification of data

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The centrifuge is ready for operation when the start key is illuminated.

• Press the start key in order to start a centrifugation run.

• Press the stop key in order to interrupt a centrifugation run. The

centrifugation run will be terminated prematurely.

Quick stop

• Press the stop key for more than two seconds.

The centrifuge decelerates with the maximum deceleration curve.
After a quick stop, the centrifuge lid must be opened before a new

centrifugation run can be started.
A quick stop can also be triggered during a normal deceleration, e.g. in

order to speed up the deceleration.
When a quick stop is triggered, “fast” will be displayed in the lower right-

hand corner of the display.

• Press the start key during a deceleration process in order to interrupt it
and to restart the centrifuge.

• Turn the function knob in order to select a field. The selected field will
be preceded by the indication "set", "run", or "save".

• Press the function knob. The indication ("set", "run", or "save") flashes
and the modification mode is active.

• Turn the function knob in order to modify the set value of the selected
field.

• Press the function knob again to confirm the input and to quit the
modification mode

• The process will be interrupted if the stop key is pressed or after 60
seconds without any further input.

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NOTE

If the runtime is changed during an active centrifugation run, the time that
has already elapsed will not be taken into consideration. The centrifuge will
perform a complete run with the new runtime.

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

6.3.2.5 Speed / relative centrifugal force (RCF)

The set speed of the centrifuge is displayed in the upper area of the
Speed/RCF field. The actual value is displayed right below. The speed is
stated as the number of revolutions per minute (min-1 = rpm) and the RCF
values as a multiple of the gravitational acceleration (x g). The values are
interdependent (see chapter 2.2.2.1 - "Speed, radius, and relative
centrifugal force"). The maximum speed/RCF values depend on the rotor
that is used.

The parameters speed and RCF can be changed during the centrifugation.

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

6.3.2.6 Runtime

Fig. 11: Setting the speed value or the RCF value

The set runtime is displayed in the upper section of this field, with the
remaining runtime shown below. The runtime is counted down from the set
value, starting with the start of the centrifuge and ending with the start of
the deceleration phase. The maximum runtime is 99 h:59 min:59 sec. As of
59 min:59 sec, the unit switches from "h:min" to "min:s".

The parameter runtime can be changed during the centrifugation.

Fig. 12: Setting the runtime, here in the time unit "min:s"

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Runtime as of the set speed

If the runtime is to be counted as of the moment when the set speed is
reached, the symbol (see the illustration) behind the set speed value must
be activated:

• Select the clock symbol with the cursor and confirm the selection. The
symbol and the bar under the symbol start to flash.

• Activate the function by turning the function knob. The symbol remains
displayed in a permanent manner and the bar continues to flash.

• Further turning of the function knob will deactivate the function. In this
case, the symbol disappears but the bar continues to flash.

• Press the function knob in order to activate the desired setting. The bar
remains visible as long as the cursor is placed on the symbol.

Fig. 13: The function "Runtime as of the set speed" is activated

Continuous run

During the continuous run, the runtime of the centrifuge is unlimited and
must be stopped manually. The centrifuge accelerates during the
continuous run until the set speed is reached.

• Select the "Time" field and press the function knob. The indication "set"
flashes in the activated status.

• Turn the function knob from the time 0:00:10 anti-clockwise or from the
time 99:59:59 clockwise. The indication "Cont" will be displayed in the
"Time" field. During the centrifugation run, the elapsed time will be
displayed.

• Deactivate the continuous run by pressing the stop key or by entering a
specific runtime.

Fig. 14: Indication “Cont” during a continuous run

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NOTE

The rotor selection can only be changed when the centrifuge is at a
standstill.

Short run

A short run can be started if no run is active.

• Keep the start key pressed during the short run.

During the short run, the centrifuge accelerates with the acceleration curve
9 (maximum) until the maximum permissible speed of the rotor is reached.
The runtime is counted and in the "Time" field the indication "Short" is
displayed.

When the start key is released, the centrifuge decelerates to a standstill
based on the maximum deceleration curve.

When the short run is completed, the original parameters (curves, runtime,
and final speed) are restored and displayed.

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

Fig. 15: Indication “Short” during a short run

6.3.2.7 Rotor selection

This field shows the rotor that is currently being used.

• Select the "Rotor" field and confirm the selection. The indication "set"

• Select the desired rotor. If there are rotors with several different types of

• Confirm the input. The selected rotor or rotor/bucket combination will be

flashes in the activated status.

possible buckets, the various combinations will be displayed one after
the other.

adopted.

Fig. 16: Preselection of a rotor or a rotor/bucket combination

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1

Automatic rotor identification system1

If the centrifuge is equipped with an automatic rotor identification system,
the input mode will be activated automatically if the system detects a
different rotor with several different types of possible buckets than the rotor
that is set. The bucket that is displayed is the bucket with the lowest
maximum speed. You can only select different types of buckets for the
identified rotor. If the input mode is aborted, this bucket will be stored
nonetheless.

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

This prevents the maximum permissible speed from being exceeded.

6.3.2.8 Acceleration and deceleration curves

Acceleration

This function is used to select an acceleration curve. The system offers 10
fixed, programmed acceleration curves (curves 0-9).

Brake

This function is used in order to select a curve that decelerates the
centrifuge to a standstill. Deceleration curves are inverted images of the
acceleration curves and are labelled with identical numbers. Deceleration
curve no. 0 represents a brakeless deceleration.

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Fig. 17: Preselection of a curve; here: preselection of an acceleration curve

not available for Sigma 4-5L

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

6.3.2.9 Automatic lid opening function ("AutoOpen")

The automatic lid opening function must be activated so that the lid opens
automatically at the end of the operation.

In order to activate the automatic lid opening function:

• Select the "Auto Open" symbol with the cursor and confirm the
selection. The symbol and the bar under the symbol start to flash.

• Activate the function by turning the function knob. The symbol remains
displayed in a permanent manner and the bar continues to flash.

• Turning the function knob further will deactivate the function. In this
case, the symbol disappears but the bar continues to flash.

• Press the function knob in order to activate the desired setting. The bar
remains visible as long as the cursor is placed over the symbol.

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Fig. 18: The automatic lid opening function "Auto Open" is activated

6.3.2.10 Sound signal ("Buzzer")

This function is used to set an acoustic warning signal that sounds at the
end of the centrifugation run and also in the event of an imbalance or error
message.

In order to activate the sound signal:

• Select the "Buzzer" symbol with the cursor and confirm the selection.
The symbol and the bar under the symbol start to flash.

• Activate the function by turning the function knob. The symbol remains
displayed in a permanent manner and the bar continues to flash.

• Turning the function knob further will deactivate the function. In this
case, the symbol disappears but the bar continues to flash.

• Press the function knob in order to activate the desired setting. The bar
remains visible as long as the cursor is placed over the symbol.

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Fig. 19: The sound signal “Buzzer” is activated

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6.3.2.11 Program lock ("ProgLock")

When the program lock is active, it is impossible to save any new
programs. In this case, the function "save program" is disabled.

In order to activate the program lock:

• Select the "ProgLock" symbol with the cursor and confirm the selection.
The symbol and the bar under the symbol start to flash.

• Activate the function by turning the function knob. The symbol remains
displayed in a permanent manner and the bar continues to flash.

• Turning the function knob further will deactivate the function. In this
case, the symbol disappears but the bar continues to flash.

• Press the function knob in order to activate the desired setting. The bar
remains visible as long as the cursor is placed over the symbol.

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Fig. 20: The program lock “ProgLock” is activated

6.3.2.12 Cycle display ("Cycles")

In order to activate the cycle display:

• Select the "Cycles" symbol with the cursor and confirm the selection.
The symbol is displayed and "set" flashes in front of the rotor display.

• All of the rotors and buckets can be selected by turning the function
knob. The cycles of the selected rotor and, if applicable, also of the
selected bucket are displayed.

• Press the function knob in order quit the cycle display.

Fig. 21: Cycle display for rotor 11650 and bucket 13421

Reaching the maximum number of cycles

When the maximum number of cycles is reached for a rotor or bucket, a
corresponding warning signal will be displayed every time that the
centrifuge is started: the start key, lid key, and entire display will flash.

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WARNING

When the maximum number of cycles of the rotor or bucket is reached, the
parts must be replaced immediately for safety reasons (see chapter

3.6.7.1 - "Service life").

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6.3.2.13 Input lock

Fig. 22: Display when the maximum number of cycles is reached (flashing)

When the start key is pressed, "CYCLES" will be displayed. The centrifuge
will not be started and the display will not return to its normal state until the
start key is pressed again.

The cycle display will be reset after the rotor and buckets have been
replaced by the service department of Sigma Laborzentrifugen GmbH (see
chapter 7.3 - "Service contact").

In order to prevent the centrifuge from being manipulated by unauthorised
persons, inputs can be disabled via the menu. Inputs via the keypad, i.e. for
starting or stopping a centrifugation run or for opening the lid, are enabled.

Activating a simple input lock:

• Position the cursor over the symbol " " in the lower right-hand corner
of the display.

As long as the symbol is displayed, the parameters of the centrifuge cannot
be changed.

Activating a permanent input lock:

• Press the start key three times and hold for approximately 2 seconds
when pressing it for the third time.

After the activation of this function, the padlock symbol flashes. The input
lock is activated.

• Proceed in the same manner in order to deactivate the permanent input
lock.

Fig. 23: "Padlock" symbol indicating an activated input lock

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NOTE

This function is only available if the centrifuge is at a standstill.

NOTE

The functions "Auto Open", "Buzzer", "ProgLock", and "Cycles" cannot be
entered as part of a program.

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6.3.3 Program mode

A program contains all the data that are required for a centrifuge run.
Certain sedimentation results can be repeated under identical conditions.

Programs can be saved, loaded, executed, and edited, when the centrifuge
is at a standstill.

A maximum of 50 programs can be stored under the numbers 1 - 50.
"--" means that the values that are currently set are not a stored program.
The programs can be protected against unauthorised use, modification, or

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

6.3.3.1 Saving a program

deletion with the aid of an input lock (see chapter 6.3.2.13 - "Input lock").

• Enter the parameters that are to be included in the program.

• Select the menu item "save Prog" and confirm the selection. The

indication "save" flashes in the activated status.

• Select a random storage location from the program selection list. Free
storage locations are indicated by a flashing display. Any storage
locations that are already occupied will be overwritten during the saving
process.

• Save the program in the desired location.

The program is now saved.

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Fig. 24: Saving a program

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6.3.3.2 Loading a program

• Select the menu item "run Prog" and confirm the selection. The
indication "run" flashes in the activated status.

• Select the desired program and confirm the selection by pressing the
function knob.

The program is now loaded.

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Fig. 25: Loading a program

6.4 Switching the centrifuge off

• Open the centrifuge when it is not in use so moisture can evaporate.

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• Switch the centrifuge off by pressing the mains power switch.

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NOTE

Error messages can be eliminated by pressing the lid key. The error itself
will not be eliminated, but the centrifuge can be operated again.

Type of error

Possible reason

Correction

No indication on the display

No power in the mains supply

Check fuse in the mains supply

Power cord is not plugged in

Plug in power cord correctly

Fuses have tripped

Reactivate temperature fuse (see
chapter 5.2.1 - "Type of connection")

Mains power switch off

Switch mains power switch on

Centrifuge cannot be started:
start key LED is not illuminated

Several

Power off/on. If the error occurs
again, contact service

Centrifuge cannot be started:
lid key LED flashes

The lid lock is not closed correctly

Open and close the lid. If the error
occurs again, contact service

Centrifuge decelerates during
operation

Brief mains power failure

Press start key in order to restart the
centrifuge

System error

Power off/on. If the error occurs
again, contact service

Centrifuge decelerates during
operation, imbalance message is
displayed

– Improper loading
– Centrifuge is inclined
– Drive problem
– Centrifuge was moved during run

Balance load and restart the
centrifuge. If the error occurs again,
contact service(see chapter 7.1.1 ­"Emergency lid release")

– Ungreased load- bearing bolts

Clean and grease load- bearing bolts

Lid cannot be opened

Lid lock has not released

Unlock the lid manually and contact
service

Lid seal sticks

Clean the lid seal and apply talcum
powder

Temperature value cannot be reached
(only for refrigerated centrifuges)

Condenser dirty (only air-cooled units)

Clean the condenser. If the error
occurs again, contact service

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7 Malfunctions and error correction

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7.1 General malfunctions

Error messages are displayed as "Error" followed by a code number. If the
acoustic signal is activated, it sounds when the error message is displayed.

• Eliminate the source of the problem (see table below).

• Acknowledge the error messages by pressing the lid key.

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WARNING

Do not unlock or open the lid unless the rotor is at a standstill.

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7.1.1 Emergency lid release

In the event of a power failure, it is possible to manually open the
centrifuge lid.

• Switch off the mains power switch and disconnect the power cord from
the socket.

• Remove the stopper (see figure, item 1) from the opening at the side
panel, e.g. with a screwdriver.

Fig. 26: Position of the opening for the emergency lid release

• The stopper is connected with a string. Pull the string in order to release
the lid.

• Then, reinsert the stopper into the opening.

If the lid is opened via the emergency lid release system during a centrifuge
run, the centrifuge will be switched off immediately and decelerate in an

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unbraked manner.

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Error no.

Kind of error

Measures

Note

1-9

System error

• Allow to slow down

• Power off/on

All these errors stop the
centrifuge or cause it to
decelerate brakeless

10-19

Speedometer error

• Allow to slow down

• Power off/on

20-29

Motor error

• Power off

• Ensure ventilation

30-39

EEPROM error

• Allow to slow down

• Power off/on

With error 34, 35, and 36, the
centrifuge will stop;
with error 37 and 38 only an
error message will be given

40-45

Temperature error
(only for refrigerated centrifuges)

• Allow to slow down

• Power off

• Allow to cool down

• Provide better ventilation (only

air cooled centrifuges)

• Provide sufficient water
throughput (only water cooled
centrifuges)

46-49

Imbalance error (only for centrifuges
with imbalance monitoring system)

• Allow to slow down

• Power off

• Eliminate the imbalance

50-59

Lid error

• Press lid key

• Close lid

• Remove foreign matter from

the opening of the lid lock
device

With error 50 and 51, the
centrifuge will stop

60-69

Process error

• Allow to slow down

• Power off/on

With error 60 message
"power failure during run",
with error 61, the message
"stop after power on"

70-79

Communication error

• Allow to slow down

• Power off/on

80-89

Parameter error

• Power off

• Allow to cool down

• Provide for better ventilation

With error 83, error message
only

90-99

Other errors

• Check connections

• Provide sufficient water

throughput (only water cooled
centrifuges)

NOTE

If it is impossible to eliminate the errors, contact the service!

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7.2 Table of error codes

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NOTE

• If you would like to utilise our service, please state the type of your
centrifuge and its serial number.

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7.3 Service contact

In the event of queries, malfunctions, or spare part enquiries:

From Germany:

Contact
Sigma Laborzentrifugen GmbH

An der Unteren Söse 50
37520 Osterode (Germany)
Tel. [phone]
E-mail: [e-mail]

Outside Germany:

Contact our agency in your country. All agencies are listed at
www.sigma-zentrifugen.de  [Sales Partners]

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CAUTION

If corrosion or other damage occurs due to improper care, the
manufacturer cannot be held liable or subject to any warranty claims.

WARNING

Take suitable precautions for your own safety if there is a risk of toxic,
radioactive, or pathogenic contamination.

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8 Maintenance and service

The centrifuge, rotor, and accessories are subject to high mechanical
stress. Thorough maintenance performed by the user extends the service

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life and prevents premature failure.

• Use soap water or other water-soluble, mild cleaning agents with a pH
value between 6 and 8 for cleaning the centrifuge and accessories (see
also chapter 8.2 - "Sterilisation and disinfection of the rotor chamber
and accessories").

• Avoid corrosive and aggressive substances.

• Do not use solvents.

• Do not use agents with abrasive particles.

• Do not expose the centrifuge and rotors to intensive UV radiation or

thermal stress (e.g. by heat generators).

8.1 Maintenance

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8.1.1 Centrifuge

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• Unplug the mains power plug before cleaning.

• Carefully remove all liquids, including water and particularly all the

solvents, acids, and alkaline solutions from the rotor chamber using a
cloth in order to avoid damage to the motor bearings.

• If the centrifuge has been contaminated with toxic, radioactive, or
pathogenic substances, clean the rotor chamber immediately with a
suitable decontamination agent (depending on the type of
contamination).

• After every cleaning process, grease the motor shaft slightly with a
small amount of heavy-duty grease for load-bearing bolts (part no.

71401) and distribute the grease with a cloth so that it forms a thin
layer.

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CAUTION

For the care of the accessories, special safety measures must be
considered as these are measures that will ensure operational safety at
the same time!

CAUTION

Do not clean the accessories in a dishwasher!

Cleaning in a dishwasher removes the anodised coating; the result is
cracking in areas that are subject to stress.

WARNING

Plastic accessories must not be greased!

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8.1.2 Accessories

• Immediately rinse off the rotor, buckets, or accessories under running
water if they have come into contact with any liquids that may cause
corrosion. Use a brush for test tubes in order to clean the bores of angle
rotors. Turn the rotor upside down and allow it to dry completely.

• Clean the accessories outside the centrifuge once a week or preferably
after each use. Adapters should be removed, cleaned and dried.

• If the rotors or accessories have been contaminated with toxic,
radioactive, or pathogenic substances, clean them immediately with a
suitable decontamination agent (depending on the type of
contamination). Take suitable precautions for your own safety if there is
a risk of toxic, radioactive, or pathogenic contamination.

• Dry the accessories with a soft cloth or in a drying chamber at

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approx. 50°C.

8.1.2.1 Plastic accessories

The chemical resistance of plastic decreases with rising temperatures (see
chapter 11.5 - "Resistance data").

• If solvents, acids, or alkaline solutions have been used, clean the plastic
accessories thoroughly.

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8.1.3 Rotors, buckets and carriers

Rotors, buckets and carriers are produced with the highest precision, in
order to withstand the permanent high stress from high gravitational fields.

Chemical reactions as well as stress-corrosion (combination of oscillating
pressure and chemical reaction) can affect or destroy the metals. Barely
detectable cracks on the surface can expand and weaken the material
without any visible signs.

• Check the material regularly (at least once a month) for
– cracks
– visible damage of the surface
– pressure marks
– signs of corrosion
– other changes.

• Check the bores of the rotors and multiple carriers.

• Replace any damaged components immediately for your own safety.

• After every cleaning process, grease the rotor tie-down screw slightly

with a small amount of heavy-duty grease for load-bearing bolts (part
no. 71401) and distribute the grease with a cloth so that it forms a thin

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layer.

8.1.4 Load bearing bolts

Only greased load bearing bolts ensure the even swinging of the buckets
and, therefore, the quiet run of the centrifuge. Non-greased bolts can lead
to a system shut-down due to imbalances.

After every cleaning process, grease the load-bearing bolts of the rotor
slightly with a small amount of heavy-duty grease for load-bearing bolts
(part no. 71401) and distribute the grease with a cloth so that it forms a thin

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layer.

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CAUTION

In the case of glass breakage, immediately remove all glass particles (e.g.
with a vacuum cleaner). Replace the rubber cushions since even thorough
cleaning will not remove all glass particles.

DANGER

If dangerous materials (e.g. infectious and pathogenic substances) are
used, the centrifuge and accessories must be disinfected.

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8.1.5 Glass breakage

Glass particles will damage the surface coating (e.g. anodising) of the
buckets, which will then lead to corrosion.

Glass particles in the rubber cushions of the buckets will cause glass
breakage again.

Glass particles on the pivot bearing of the load- bearing bolts prevent the
buckets and carriers from swinging evenly, which will cause an imbalance.

Glass particles in the rotor chamber will cause metal abrasion due to the
strong air circulation. This metal dust will not only pollute the rotor chamber,
rotor, and materials to be centrifuged but also damage the surfaces of the
accessories, rotors, and rotor chamber.

In order to completely remove the glass particles and metal dust from
the rotor chamber:

• Grease the upper third of the rotor chamber with e.g. Vaseline.

• Then, let the rotor rotate for a few minutes at a moderate speed

• Remove the grease with the glass and metal particles with a cloth.

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• If necessary, repeat this procedure.

(approx. 2000 rpm). The glass and metal particles will now collect at the
greased part.

8.2 Sterilisation and disinfection of the rotor chamber and
accessories

• Use commercially-available disinfectants such as, for example,
Sagrotan, Buraton, or Terralin (available at chemist’s shops or
drugstores).

• The centrifuge and the accessories consist of various materials. A
possible incompatibility must be considered.

• Before using cleaning or decontamination agents that were not
recommended by us, contact the manufacturer to ensure that such a
procedure will not damage the centrifuge.

• For autoclaving, consider the continuous heat resistance of the
individual materials (see chapter 8.2.1 - "Autoclaving").

Please contact us if you have any queries (see chapter 7.3 - "Service

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NOTE

It cannot be excluded that plastic parts, e.g. lids or carriers, may deform
during autoclaving.

Accessories

Max. temp.

(°C)

Min. time

(min)

Max. time

(min)

Max. cycles

Aluminium buckets

134-138

3 5 -

Aluminium rotors

134-138

3 5 -

Glass tubes

134-138

3

40

-

Polyallomer / polycarbonate rectangular carriers

115-118

30

40

-

Polyallomer / polycarbonate round carriers

115-118

30

40

-

Polyamide buckets

115-118

30

40

10

Polycarbonate / polyallomer lids for angle rotors

115-118

30

40

20

Polycarbonate tubes

115-118

30

40

20

Polyphenylsulfone (PPSU) caps for buckets

134-138

3 5 100

Polypropylene balance adapter for blood-bag systems

115-118

30

40

n.s.

Polypropylene copolymer tubes

115-121

30

40

20

Polypropylene rectangular carriers

115-118

30

40

-

Polypropylene rotors

115-118

30

40

20

Polypropylene round carriers

115-118

30

40

-

Polysulfone caps for buckets

134-138

3 5 100

Polysulfone lids for angle rotors

134-138

3 5 100

Rubber adapters

115-118

30

40

-

Stainless-steel balance weight for blood-bag systems

121

30

30

n.s.

Teflon tubes

134-138

3 5 100

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8.2.1 Autoclaving

The service life of the accessories essentially depends on the frequency of
autoclaving and use.

• Replace the accessories immediately when the parts show changes in
colour or structure or in the occurrence of leaks etc.

• During autoclaving, the caps of the tubes must not be screwed on in
order to avoid the deformation of the tubes.

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DANGER

In the event of service work that requires the removal of the panels, there
is a risk of electric shock or mechanical injury. Only qualified specialist
personnel is authorised to perform this service work.

NOTE

• If you would like to utilise our service, please state the type of your
centrifuge and its serial number.

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8.3 Service

The centrifuge is subject to high mechanical stress. In order to be able to
withstand this high level of stress, high-quality components were used
during the production of the centrifuge. Nevertheless, wear cannot be
excluded and it may not be visible from the outside. Especially the rubber
parts that are – among other things – part of the motor suspension, are
subject to ageing.

This is why we recommend having the centrifuge checked by the
manufacturer during an inspection once per year in the operating state and
once every three years in the dismantled state. Rubber parts should be
replaced after three years.

Information and appointments:

In Germany:

Contact
Sigma Laborzentrifugen GmbH
An der Unteren Söse 50
37520 Osterode (Germany)
Tel. [phone]
E-mail: [e-mail]

Outside Germany:

Contact our agency in your country. All agencies are listed at
www.sigma-zentrifugen.de  [Sales Partners]

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NOTE

We will return the part/unit if no declaration of decontamination is provided!

NOTE

If the form does not include a description of the malfunction, neither a
refund nor a credit note can be issued. In this case, we reserve the right to
return the part/unit to you at your expense.

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8.4 Return of defective parts

Although we exercise great care during the production of our products, it
may be necessary to return a unit or accessory to the manufacturer.

In order to ensure the quick and economical processing of returns of
centrifuges, spare parts, or accessories, we require complete and extensive
information concerning the process. Please fill in the following forms
completely, sign them, enclose them with the return package, and send
them together with the product to:

Sigma Laborzentrifugen GmbH
An der Unteren Söse 50
37520 Osterode (Germany)

1. Declaration of decontamination
As a certified company and due to the legal regulations for the
protection of our employees and of the environment, we are obliged to
certify the harmlessness of all incoming goods. For this purpose, we
require a declaration of decontamination.

• The form must be filled in completely and signed by authorised and

specialised personnel only.

• Affix the original form in a clearly visible manner to the outside of the

packaging.

2. Form for the return of defective parts
This form is for the product-related data. They facilitate the assignment,
and they enable the quick processing of the return. If several parts are
returned together in one packaging, please enclose a separate problem
description for every defective part.

• A detailed problem description is necessary in order to perform the

repair quickly and economically.

• Upon request, we will prepare and submit to you a cost estimate
prior to performing the repair. Please confirm such cost estimate
within 14 days. If the cost estimate has still not been confirmed after
4 weeks, we will return the defective part/unit. Please note that you
must bear the incurred costs.

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NOTE

The defective part/unit must be packaged in a transport-safe manner.
Please use the original packaging for the unit, if at all possible.

If the product is dispatched to us in unsuitable packaging, you will be
charged the cost for returning it to you in new packaging.

The forms can be downloaded online from

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www.sigma-zentrifugen.de  [Service]  [Overhaul and repair].

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In accordance with the directive 2002/96/EC, SIGMA centrifuges are
marked with the symbol shown to the left. This symbol means that it is not
permissible to dispose of the unit among household waste.

• You can return these centrifuges free of cost to
Sigma Laborzentrifugen GmbH.

• Ensure that the unit is decontaminated. Fill in a declaration of
decontamination (see chapter 8.4 - "Return of defective parts").

• Comply with any other applicable local rules and regulations.

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

9 Disposal

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9.1 Disposal of the centrifuge

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9.2 Disposal of the packaging

• Use the packaging to return the centrifuge for disposal or

• dispose of the packaging, after having separated the individual

materials.

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• Comply with all local rules and regulations.

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Manufacturer

Sigma Laborzentrifugen GmbH
An der Unteren Söse 50
37520 Osterode (Germany)

Type:

3-16L

3-16L IVD

Part no.:

10355, 10356, 10357

10358, 10359

Connection requirements
Electr. connection:

Protection class:
IP code:

see name plate
I
20

Connected load (kVA):

Power consumption (kW):

Max. current consumption (A):

Thermal circuit breaker (A):

0.70 (at 220-240 V / 50-60 Hz)

0.82 (at 120 V / 60 Hz)

0.85 (at 100 V / 50-60 Hz)

0.50 (at 220-240 V / 50-60 Hz)

0.50 (at 120 V / 60 Hz)

0.55 (at 100 V / 50-60 Hz)

3.2 (at 220-240 V / 50-60 Hz)

6.8 (at 120 V / 60 Hz)

8.5 (at 100 V / 50-60 Hz)

4.0 (at 220-240 V / 50-60 Hz)

8.0 (at 120 V / 60 Hz)

10.0 (at 100 V / 50-60 Hz)

Performance data
Max. speed (rpm):

Max. capacity (ml):
Max. gravitational field (x g):
Max. kin. energy (Nm):

15,300
1,600 (4 x 400)
21,475
9,530

Other parameters
Time range:

Storage locations:

10 sec – 99 h 59 min, short run, continuous run
50

Physical data
Height (mm):

Height with open lid (mm):
Width (mm):
Depth (mm):
Weight (kg):

355
770
460
600
48

Noise level (dB(A)):

57 (at maximum speed)

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10 Technical data

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NOTE

At a nominal voltage of 100V or 200V, a tolerance of +10% / -5% applies.

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10.1 Ambient conditions

• The figures are valid for an ambient temperature of +23°C and a
nominal voltage  10 %.

• For indoor use only.

• Allowable ambient temperature +5°C to +40°C.

• Max. relative humidity of air 80% up to 31°C with a linear decrease to

50% relative humidity of air at 40°C.

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

• Maximum altitude 2,000 m above sea level.

10.2 Technical documentation

For environmental reasons, the comprehensive technical documentation of
the centrifuge (e.g. circuit diagrams) and the safety data sheets of the
manufacturers of refrigerant and lubricants are not attached to this
documentation.

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You can order these documents from our service department.

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Part no.

Description

Max. speed
(rpm)

Max.
gravitational
field (x g)

11132

Swing-out rotor 28 x 15 ml complete, no. 11133, incl. 2 sets buckets no.
13104, 2 sets round carriers no. 17015 and 28 PP-tubes 15 ml no. 15023
Radius max. 15.5 cm, radius min. 4.5 cm

5 000

4 332

11133

Swing-out rotor, 4 place, for buckets no. 13104, 13130

5 000

11135

Swing-out rotor 24 x 1.5/2.0 ml, incl. 3 sets buckets no. 13124, for e.g.
reaction vials no. 15008, 15040, incl. hermetic aluminium lid no. 17879
Radius max. 7.4 cm, radius min. 3.5 cm

12 500

12 927

11136

Drum rotor for 6 cassettes no. 14000, 14002, 14020, 14021, for reaction
vials (max. 60/192 pcs.), incl. hermetic aluminium lid no. 17898
Radius max. 7.0 cm, radius min. 3.0 cm

Attention!
The vessels could be damaged at speeds exceeding 13,000 rpm!

13 000

13 226

11180

Swing-out rotor, 4 place, for buckets no. 13180, 13190, 13194

4 200

11181

Swing-out rotor 48 x 15 ml complete, no. 11180, incl. 2 sets rectangular
buckets no. 13180, 2 sets rectangular carriers no. 18015 and 48 PPCO­tubes 15 ml no. 15023
Radius max. 17.1 cm, radius min. 7.6 cm

4 200

3 372

11182

Swing-out rotor 12 x 50 ml culture tubes complete, no. 11180, incl. 2 sets
buckets no. 13190, 2 sets adapters no. 17346 and 12 tubes no. 15151
Radius max. 17.2 cm, radius min. 7.5 cm

4 200

3 392

11222

Swing-out rotor for microtiter plates, incl. 1 set carriers no. 13222,
max. height of plates 56 mm, max. load per bucket approx. 335 gram
Radius max. 12.1 cm, Radius min. 4.8 cm

3 000

1 218

11224

Swing-out cytology rotor complete, incl. 2 sets buckets no. 13224,
4 inserts no. 15223. The buckets with the object carriers could be locked in
90° position,
Radius max. 11.3 cm, radius min. 6.9 cm

3 000

1 137

11241

Swing-out rotor for microtiter plates, Biosafe with certificate, incl. 1 set
buckets no. 13241, 1 set caps 17108 and plate holder no. 17982, max.
height of plates 55 mm, without cap 17108 max. 66 mm, Max. load per
bucket approx. 290 gram
Radius max. 13.3 cm, radius min. 4.4 cm

4 200

2 623

12111

Angle rotor 10 x 10 ml, for tubes no. 15000, 15010, 15039,
incl. hermetic aluminium lid no. 17835
Radius max. 7.6 cm, radius min. 2.8 cm, angle 35°

15 300

19 890

12115

Angle rotor, for 12 PCR-strips with 8 tubes 0.2 ml, e.g no. 15042,
incl. hermetic aluminium lid no. 17875
Radius max. 9.8 cm, radius min. 7.2 cm, angle 45°

14 000

21 475

12131

Angle rotor 30 x 1.5/2.0 ml, for e.g. reaction vials no. 15008, 15040,
incl. hermetic aluminium lid no. 17848
Radius max. 10.0 cm, radius min. 6.7 cm, angle 45°

13 200

19 480

12150

Angle rotor 6 x 50 ml, for tubes e.g. no. 13055, 15051, 15052,
incl. hermetic aluminium lid no. 17837
Radius max. 8.4 cm, radius min. 2.1 cm, angle 25°

10 000

9 391

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11 Appendix

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11.1 Range of accessories

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Part no.

Description

Max. speed
(rpm)

Max.
gravitational
field (x g)

12154

Angle rotor 24 x 1.5/2.0 ml, for e.g. reaction vials no. 15008, 15040,
incl. hermetic aluminium lid no. 17829
Radius max. 8.2 cm, radius min. 5.0 cm, angle 45°

15 300

21 460

12155

Angle rotor 4 x 80/85 ml, for tubes e.g. no. 13085, 15076, 15080,
incl. hermetic aluminium lid no. 17839
Radius max. 9.1 cm, radius min. 1.4 cm, angle 26°

10 000

10 174

12156

Angle rotor 8 x 50 ml, for tubes e.g. no. 13055, 15051, 15052,
incl. hermetic aluminium lid no. 17840
Radius max. 9.6 cm, radius min. 3.3 cm, angle 25°

9 000

8 694

12157

Angle rotor 20 x 10 ml, for tubes e.g. no. 15000, 15010, 15039,
incl. hermetic aluminium lid no. 17841
Radius max. 9.8 cm, radius min. 5.8 cm, angle 25°

9 000

8 875

12158

ngle rotor 6 x 30 ml, for tubes e.g. no. 15029, 15030, 15032,
incl. hermetic aluminium lid no. 17842
Radius max. 7.9 cm, radius min. 2.1 cm, angle 29°

15 300

20 675

12159

Angle rotor 6 x 85 ml, for tubes e.g. no. 13085, 15076, 15080,
incl. hermetic aluminium lid no. 17843
Radius max. 9.8 cm, radius min. 2.8 cm, angle 25°

8 000

7 012

12171

Angle rotor for 12 x 15 ml culture tubes, e.g. no. 15115,
incl. hermetic aluminium lid no. 17872
Radius max. 9.9 cm, radius min. 4.3 cm, angle 25°

9 000

8 965

12182

Angle rotor 12 x 5 ml, Eppendorf reaction caps, incl. hermetic aluminium
lid no. 17182 (software version 32 or higher)
Radius max. 8.4 cm, radius min. 4.3 cm

15 000

21 130

12310

Angle rotor for 6 x 50 ml culture tubes, Biosafe certificate, optimised for
high performance tubes from BD, Corning, Eppendorf, TPP, incl. hermetic
aluminium lid no. 17934
Radius max. 9.4 cm, radius min. 3.2 cm

9 000

8 512

12311

Angle rotor for 12 x 15 ml culture tubes, Biosafe certificate, optimised for
high performance tubes from BD, Corning, Eppendorf, TPP, incl.
aluminium lid no. 17935
Radius max. 9.9 cm, radius min. 4.5 cm

9 000

8 965

12349

Angle rotor 48 x 1.5/2.0 ml, for reaction vials, e.g. no. 15008, 15040,
incl. hermetic lid 17349
Radius max. 10.0 cm, radius min. 6.5 cm

13 000

18 894

19776

Angle rotor for 6 x 50 ml culture tubes, e.g. no. 15151, incl. hermetic
aluminium lid no. 17831

9 000

8 422

13104

Round bucket, sealable with caps no. 17109 or 17111, suitable for round
carriers Ø 56.5 no. 17006 - 17101 and bottles 200 ml no. 15202, max.
tube length 110 mm, 1 set = 2 pcs., suitable for 11133,
Radius max. 15.5 cm, radius min. 4.5 cm

5 000

4 332

13130

Bucket, suitable for 3 culture tubes 15 ml no. 15115, sealable with cap no.
17109, 17111, 1 set = 2 pcs.
Radius max. 16.0 cm, radius min. 4.0 cm

5 000

4 472

13180

Rectangular bucket, for rectangular carriers no. 18002 - 18200, sealable
with cap no. 17112, max. tube length 115 mm, 1 set = 2 pcs.
Radius max. 17.1 cm, radius min. 7.6 cm

4 200

3 372

13190

Round bucket, suitable for round carriers Ø 85 mm no. 17344 - 17400 and
400 ml bottle no. 15401, Biosafe sealable with cap no. 17190, max. tube
length 110 mm, 1 set = 2 pcs.
Radius max. 17.2 cm, radius min. 7.5 cm

4 200

3 392

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Part no.

Description

Max. speed
(rpm)

Max.
gravitational
field (x g)

13194

Bucket for hexagon adapters no. 18309 - 18312, for culture tubes 15 and
50 ml, 1 set = 2 pcs.
Radius max. 16.8 cm, radius min. 6.6 cm

4 200

3 313

13241

Bucket for microtiter plates, Biosafe certificate, closeable with cap 17108,
max. height of plates 55 mm with cap 17108, 66 mm without cap 17108,
incl. plateholder no. 17982, 1 set = 2 pcs.
Radius max. 13.3 cm, radius min. 4.4 cm

4 200

2 623

Part no.

Description

13000

Adapter for reaction vials 0.25/0.4 ml no. 15014, 1 set = 2 pcs., suitable for 12110, 12131, 12154

13002

Adapter for reaction vials 0.5/0.75 ml, Ø 7.9/10 x 28/31 mm, e.g. no. 15005, 1 set = 2 pcs., suitable for
12110, 12131, 12154, 12348, 18002

13021

Adapter for PCR-tube 0.2 ml, e.g no. 15042, 1 set = 2 pcs., suitable for 12110, 12131, 12154

13055

Stainless steel tube 50 ml, Ø 28.5 x 101.5 mm, sealable with cap no. 17054, suitable for 12150, 12156,
13082

13059

Adapter for 1 round bottom tube 10 ml, max. Ø 16.2/19 x 75 - 85 mm, e.g. no. 15000, 15010, 15039,
1 set = 2 pcs.

13060

Adapter for 1 culture tube 15 ml no. 15115, 1 set = 2 pcs.

13062

Adapter for 1 Greiner tube 15 ml, Ø 17/22 x 95 - 100 mm, 1 set = 2 pcs., suitable for 12150

13079

Bottom adapter for 1 tube 50 ml, e.g. no. 15051, 15052, 1 set = 2 pcs.

13080

Adapter for 1 culture tube 50 ml, e.g. no. 15151, 1 set = 2 pcs., suitable for 12155 without lid, 12159

13081

Adapter for 1 culture tube 15 ml, e.g. no. 15115, 1 set = 2 pcs., suitable for 12155 without lid, 12159

13082

Adapter for 1 tube 50 ml, max. Ø 28.8 x 105 - 115 mm, e.g. no. 13055, 15051, 15052, 1 set = 2 pcs.,
suitable for 12155, 12159

13083

Adapter for 1 tube 30 ml, max. Ø 25.5 x 90 - 100 mm, e.g. no. 15029, 15030, 15032, 1 set = 2 pcs.,
suitable for 12155, 12159

13084

Adapter, for 2 tubes 10 ml, Ø 16/17.5 x 75 - 90 mm, e.g. no. 15000, 15010, 15039, 1 set = 2 pcs., suitable
for 12155, 12159

13085

Stainless steel tube 85 ml, Ø 38 x 103 mm, sealable with cap no. 17185, suitable for 12155, 12159

Adapters and stainless steel tubes

The complete list of accessories can be downloaded from

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www.sigma-zentrifugen.de.

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11.1.1 Maximum speed for tubes

Some tubes, such as centrifuge glass tubes, microtubes, culture tubes,
fluoropolymer tubes and especially high-volume tubes can be used in our
rotors, buckets, and adapters at higher speeds than their breaking limit.

• Always fill the tubes up to their useful volume (= the volume that is
stated for the tube).

• When using glass tubes, the maximum value of 4,000 x g must not be
exceeded (except special high-strength glass tubes; please refer to the

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information provided by the manufacturer).

11.1.2 Rotor radii

The information in the accessories table concerning the radius refers to the
values of the respective rotor as shown below. The radius calculation is
described in chapter 2.2.2.1 - "Speed, radius, and relative centrifugal
force".

Fig. 27: Minimum and maximum radius of an angle rotor

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Fig. 28: Minimum and maximum radius of a swing-out rotor

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11.2 Speed-gravitational-field-diagram

Fig. 29: Speed-gravitational-field-diagram

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Linear curve no.

Slop

0

4 [rpm/sec]

1

6 [rpm/sec]

2

8 [rpm/sec]

3

17 [rpm/sec]

4

25 [rpm/sec]

5

33 [rpm/sec]

6

50 [rpm/sec]

7

100 [rpm/sec]

8

200 [rpm/sec]

9

1.000 [rpm/sec]

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11.3 Acceleration and deceleration curves

Linear curves are numbered in the direction of increasing acceleration
(from right to left).

The deceleration curves are inverted images of the acceleration curves and
are assigned the same numbers. An exception is curve 0. It decelerates
brakeless (spin-out).

In general, the runtime, until the set speed is reached, depends on the
moment of inertia of the rotor.

Linear curves

The slope of the fixed acceleration curves defines the time that is required
to accelerate the rotor by 1,000 rpm.

Curve 9 is a special case compared to the other curves. The centrifuge
accelerates with maximum power. The runtime, until the set speed is
reached, depends solely on the moment of inertia of the rotor.

Fig. 30: Slope of linear curves

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Fig. 31: Diagram of linear curves

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Rotor /
bucket

Cycles

Service life

("Exp.Date")

Autoclaving Suitable for centrifuge Remarks

9100 15,000

4-15C, 4K15C, 4-16, 4-16S,
4-16K, 4-16KS, 6-15, 6K15,
6-16, 6-16K

without engraving, only
"spincontrol
professional" and
"spincontrol S"

11026 7 years

1-14, 1-14K

12033 5 years

1-16 Edition, 1-16K Edition

12082 7 years

1-14, 1-14K

12083 7 years

1-14, 1-14K

12084 7 years

1-14, 1-14K

12085 7 years

1-14, 1-14K

12092 5 years 20x

1-14, 1-14K

12093 5 years 20x

1-14, 1-14K

12094 5 years 20x

1-14, 1-14K

12096 5 years 20x

1-14, 1-14K

12097 5 years 20x

1-14, 1-14K

12101 5 years 20x

1-15, 1-15K, 1-15P, 1-15PK

12124 5 years 20x

1-15, 1-15K, 1-15P, 1-15PK

12126 5 years 20x

1-15, 1-15K, 1-15P, 1-15PK

12134 5 years 20x

1-16, 1-16K

12135 5 years 20x

1-16, 1-16K

12137 5 years 20x

1-16, 1-16K

12500 7 years

6-15, 6K15, 6-16, 6-16K

12600 7 years

6-16S, 6-16KS

13218 20,000

4-16, 4-16S, 4-16K, 4-16KS,
6-16, 6-16S, 6-16K, 6-16KS

13296 5 years 10x

2-6, 2-6E, 2-7

13299 5 years 10x

2-6, 2-6E, 2-7,
2-16P, 2-16KL, 2-16KHL

13635 25,000

6-16, 6-16K, 6-16S, 6-16KS

13650 20,000

4-5L, 4-16S, 4-16KS,
4-16KHS, 6-16S, 6-16HS,
6-16KS, 6-16KHS

13845 20,000

8K, 8KS, 8KBS

13850 10,000

8K, 8KS, 8KBS

13860 15,000

8K, 8KS, 8KBS

13864 1,000

8K, 8KS, 8KBS without engraving

13865 1,000

8K, 8KS, 8KBS without engraving

13866 1,000

8K, 8KS, 8KBS without engraving

13867 2,500

8K, 8KS, 8KBS without engraving

If no other data concerning the service life are engraved on the rotor or accessory, rotors and
buckets must be checked by the manufacturer after 10 years. After 50,000 cycles, rotors must be
scrapped for safety reasons.

Rotors and accessories
with a different service life

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11.4 Table of the service life of rotors and accessories

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NOTE

The data refer to resistance at 20°C.

- no data
1 resistant
2 practically resistant
3 partially resistant
4 not resistant

Concentration

High Density

Polyethylene

Polyamide

Polycarbonate

Polyoxymethylene

Polypropylene

Polysulfone

Polyvinyl chloride, hard

Polyvinyl chloride, weak

Polytetrafluorethylene

Acrylonitrile-butadiene-

caoutchouc

Aluminium

Medium

Formula

[%]

HDPE

PA

PC

POM

PP

PSU

PVC

PVC

PTFE

NBR

AL

Acetaldehyde

C2H4O

40

3 2 4 2 3 4 4 - 1 4 1

Acetamide

C2H5NO

saturated

1 1 4 1 1 4 4 - 1 - 1

Acetone

C3H6O

100

1 1 4 1 1 4 4 - 1 4 1

Acrylonitrile

C3H3N

100

1 1 4 3 3 4 4 4 1 4 1

Allyl alcohol

C3H6O

96

1 3 3 2 2 2 2 4 1 1 1

Aluminium chloride

AlCl3

saturated

1 3 2 4 1 - 1 - 1 1 4

Aluminium sulfate

Al2(SO4)3

10

1 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Ammonium chloride

(NH4)Cl

aqueous

1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 3

Ammonium hydroxide

NH3 + H2O

30

1 3 4 1 1 2 1 - 1 - 1

Aniline

C6H7N

100

1 3 4 1 2 4 4 4 1 4 1

Anisole

C7H8O

100

3 4 4 1 4 4 2 - 1 4 1

Antimony trichloride

SbCl3

90

1 4 1 4 1 - 1 - 1 - 4

Benzaldehyde

C7H6O

100

1 3 4 1 1 3 4 4 1 4 1

Benzene

C6H6

100

3 2 4 1 3 4 4 - 1 4 1

Boric acid

H3BO3

aqueous

1 3 1 2 1 - - - 1 1 1

Butyl acrylate

C7H12O2

100

1 2 4 2 3 4 4 4 1 - 1

Butyl alcohol, normal

C4H10O

100

1 1 2 1 1 2 2 4 1 1 1

Calcium chloride

CaCl2

alcoholic

1 4 2 3 1 - - 4 1 1 3

Carbon disulfide

CS2

100

4 3 4 2 4 4 4 4 1 3 1

Carbon tetrachloride
(TETRA)

CCl4

100

4 4 4 2 4 4 4 4 1 3 1

Chlorine

Cl2

100

4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 1 - 3

Chlorine water

Cl2 x H2O

3 4 4 4 3 - 3 3 1 - 4

Chlorobenzene

C6H5Cl

100

3 4 4 1 3 4 4 4 1 4 1

Chloroform

CHCl3

100

3 3 4 4 3 4 4 4 1 4 3

Pos: 217 /100 Sigma/100 BA Zentrifugen Sig ma (Standardmodule)/110 Anhang/ 110-0050 Beständigkeitstabelle @ 28 \mod_1405320711439_68.docx @ 19 5209 @ 2 @ 1


11.5 Resistance data

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Laboratory Centrifuge Sigma 3-16L IVD

11 Appendix

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- no data
1 resistant
2 practically resistant
3 partially resistant
4 not resistant

Concentration

High Density

Polyethylene

Polyamide

Polycarbonate

Polyoxymethylene

Polypropylene

Polysulfone

Polyvinyl chloride, hard

Polyvinyl chloride, weak

Polytetrafluorethylene

Acrylonitrile-butadiene-

caoutchouc

Aluminium

Medium

Formula

[%]

HDPE

PA

PC

POM

PP

PSU

PVC

PVC

PTFE

NBR

AL

Chromic acid

CrO3

10

1 4 2 4 1 4 1 - 1 4 1

Chromic potassium
sulphate

KCr(SO4)2 x
12H2O

saturated

1 2 1 3 1 - 1 - 1 - 3

Citric acid

C6H8O7

10

1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Citric acid

C6H8O7

50

1 3 1 2 1 - - - 1 1 1

Copper sulphate

CuSO4 x 5H2O

10

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4

Cyclohexanol

C6H12O

100

1 1 3 1 1 1 1 4 1 2 1

Decane

C10H22

100

- 1 2 1 3 - - - 1 2 1

Diaminoethane

C2H8N2

100

1 1 3 1 1 - 3 4 1 1 1

Diesel fuel — 100

1 1 3 1 1 - 1 3 1 1 1

Dimethyl formamide
(DMF)

C3D7NO

100

1 1 4 1 1 4 3 - 1 3 1

Dimethyl sulfoxide
(DMSO)

C2H6SO

100

1 2 4 1 1 4 4 - 1 - 1

Dimethylaniline

C8H11N

100

- 3 4 2 4 - - - 1 - 1

Dioxane

C4H8O2

100

2 1 4 1 3 2 3 4 1 3 1

Dipropylene glycol
(mono)methyl ether

C4H10O

100

3 1 4 1 4 4 4 4 1 - 1

Ethyl acetate

C4H8O2

100

1 1 4 1 1 4 4 4 1 4 1

Ethylene chloride

C2H4Cl2

100

3 3 4 1 3 4 4 4 1 - 1

Ferrous chloride

FeCl2

saturated

1 3 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 - 4

Formaldehyde solution

CH2O

30

1 3 1 1 1 - - - 1 2 1

Formic acid

CH2O2

100

1 4 3 4 1 3 3 1 1 2 1

Furfural

C5H4O2

100

1 3 3 2 4 - - - 1 4 1

Gasoline

C5H12 - C12H26

100

2 1 3 1 3 3 2 - 1 1 1

Glycerol

C3H8O3

100

1 1 3 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1

Heptane, normal

C7H16

100

2 1 1 1 2 1 2 4 1 1 1

Hexane, n-

C6H14

100

2 1 2 1 2 1 2 4 1 1 1

Hydrogen chloride

HCl 5 1 4 1 4 1 1 1 - 1 2 4

Hydrogen chloride

HCl

concentrated

1 4 4 4 1 1 2 3 1 4 4

Hydrogen peroxide

H2O2 3 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 - 1 3 3

Hydrogen peroxide

H2O2

30

1 4 1 4 1 1 1 - 1 3 3

Hydrogen sulphide

H2S

10

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 3 1

Iodine, tincture of

I2 1 4 3 1 1 - 4 4 1 1 1

Laboratory Centrifuge Sigma 3-16L
Laboratory Centrifuge Sigma 3-16L IVD

11 Appendix

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- no data
1 resistant
2 practically resistant
3 partially resistant
4 not resistant

Concentration

High Density

Polyethylene

Polyamide

Polycarbonate

Polyoxymethylene

Polypropylene

Polysulfone

Polyvinyl chloride, hard

Polyvinyl chloride, weak

Polytetrafluorethylene

Acrylonitrile-butadiene-

caoutchouc

Aluminium

Medium

Formula

[%]

HDPE

PA

PC

POM

PP

PSU

PVC

PVC

PTFE

NBR

AL

Isopropyl alcohol

C3H8O

100

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 - 2

Lactic acid

C3H6O3

3

1 3 1 2 1 1 2 - 1 1 1

Magnesium chloride

MgCl2

10

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Mercuric chloride

HgCl2

10

1 4 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 4

Mercury

Hg

100

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 3

Methyl acetate

C3H6O2

100

1 1 4 2 1 - 4 4 1 - 1

Methyl alcohol

CH4O

100

1 2 4 1 1 3 1 3 1 2 1

Methyl benzene

C7H8

100

3 1 4 1 3 4 4 4 1 4 1

Methyl ethyl ketone
(MEK)

C4H8O

100

1 1 4 1 1 4 4 4 1 4 1

Methylene chloride

CH2Cl2

100

4 3 4 3 3 4 4 4 1 - 1

Mineral oil — 100

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 - 1 1 1

Nitric acid

HNO3

10

1 4 1 4 1 1 1 - 1 4 3

Nitric acid

HNO3

100

4 4 4 4 4 - 4 - 1 4 1

Nitrobenzene

C6H5NO2

100

3 4 4 3 2 4 4 4 1 4 1

Oleic acid

C18H34O2

100

1 1 1 2 1 - 1 - 1 3 1

Oxalic acid

C2H2O4 x 2H2O

100

1 3 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 2 1

Ozone

O3

100

3 4 1 4 3 1 1 - 1 4 2

Petroleum — 100

1 1 3 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 1

Phenol

C6H6O

10

1 4 4 4 1 4 1 3 1 3 1

Phenol

C6H6O

100

2 4 4 4 1 3 4 3 1 3 1

Phosphoric acid

H3PO4

20

1 4 2 4 1 - - - 1 2 4

Phosphorus
pentachloride

PCl5

100

- 4 4 4 1 - 4 4 1 - 1

Potassium hydrogen
carbonate

CHKO3

saturated

1 1 2 1 1 - - - 1 - 4

Potassium hydroxide

KOH

30

1 1 4 3 1 1 1 1 1 - 4

Potassium hydroxide

KOH

50

1 1 4 3 1 1 1 1 1 - 4

Potassium nitrate

KNO3

10

1 1 1 1 1 - - - 1 1 1

Potassium
permanganate

KMnO4

100

1 4 1 1 1 - 1 - 1 3 1

Pyridine

C5H5N

100

1 1 4 1 3 4 4 4 1 4 1

Resorcinol

C6H6O2

5

1 4 2 3 1 4 2 - 1 - 2

Silver nitrate

AgNO3

100

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 4

Laboratory Centrifuge Sigma 3-16L

Laboratory Centrifuge Sigma 3-16L IVD

11 Appendix

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Translation of the original operating manual, part no. 0700902

- no data
1 resistant
2 practically resistant
3 partially resistant
4 not resistant

Concentration

High Density

Polyethylene

Polyamide

Polycarbonate

Polyoxymethylene

Polypropylene

Polysulfone

Polyvinyl chloride, hard

Polyvinyl chloride, weak

Polytetrafluorethylene

Acrylonitrile-butadiene-

caoutchouc

Aluminium

Medium

Formula

[%]

HDPE

PA

PC

POM

PP

PSU

PVC

PVC

PTFE

NBR

AL

Sodium bisulphite

NaHSO3

10

1 1 2 4 1 - - - 1 1 1

Sodium carbonate

Na2CO3

10

1 1 1 1 1 - - - 1 - 3

Sodium chloride

NaCl

30

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3

Sodium hydroxide

NaOH

30

1 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 4

Sodium hydroxide

NaOH

50

1 1 4 1 1 1 1 - 1 2 4

Sodium sulfate

Na2SO4

10

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Spirits

C2H6O

96

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 - 1

Styrene

C8H8

100

4 1 4 1 3 - 4 4 1 4 1

Sulphuric acid

H2SO4 6 1 4 1 4 1 1 1 - 1 2 3

Sulphuric acid

H2SO4

fuming

4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 1 4 3

Tallow — 100

1 1 1 1 1 - 1 1 1 1 1

Tetrahydrofuran (THF)

C4H8O

100

3 1 4 1 3 4 4 4 1 3 1

Tetrahydronaphthalene

C10H12

100

3 1 4 1 4 4 4 4 1 - 1

Thionyl chloride

Cl2SO

100

4 4 4 2 4 4 4 4 1 - 3

Tin chloride

SnCl2

10

1 4 2 2 1 - - - 1 1 4

Transformer oil

—

100

1 1 3 3 1 1 1 - 1 1 1

Trichloroethane

C2H3Cl3

100

3 3 4 2 4 4 4 4 1 4 4

Urea

CH4N2O

10

1 1 1 1 1 - - - 1 1 1

Urine — 100

1 1 1 1 1 - 1 1 1 - 2

Vinegar

C2H4O2

10

1 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1

Vinegar

C2H4O2

90

1 4 4 4 1 3 1 4 1 - 1

Wax — 100

- 1 1 1 - - - 1 - 1

Wines — 100

1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 - 4

Xylene

C8H10

100

3 1 4 1 4 4 4 4 1 4 1

Pos: 218 /010 Universalmodule/Seiten wechsel @ 0\mod_1202116244312_0.d ocx @ 105 @ @ 1

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Laboratory Centrifuge Sigma 3-16L IVD

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Pos: 219 /100 Sigma/110 BA Zentrifugen Sig ma (Projekte)/3-16L/110 Anhang/ 110-0060 Konformitätserklärung 3-16L, 3-1 6L IVD @ 29\mod_1405321664076_ 68.docx @ 197337 @ 2 @ 1

11.6 EC declaration of conformity

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Laboratory Centrifuge Sigma 3-16L IVD

11 Appendix

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Laboratory Centrifuge Sigma 3-16L IVD

11 Appendix

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11.7 Declaration of conformity – China RoHS 2

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=== Ende der Liste für Textmarke Inhalt ===

Laboratory Centrifuge Sigma 3-16L
Laboratory Centrifuge Sigma 3-16L IVD

Index

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12 Index

A

Acceleration ............................................... 36

Acceleration curve ..................................... 62

Acceleration curves .................................... 36

Accessories, cleaning and care .................. 47

Acid................................................ 20, 46, 47

Activating the modification mode ................ 32

Adapters .............................................. 30, 47

Alkaline solutions ........................... 20, 46, 47

Ambient conditions ..................................... 56

Ambient temperature ................................. 56

Anodised coating ....................................... 47

Application examples ................................. 13

Autoclaving ................................................ 50

Automatic lid opening function ................... 37

AutoOpen .................................................. 37

B

Brake ......................................................... 36

Brief mains power failure ............................ 42

Bucket ........................................................ 30

Buckets, cleaning and care ........................ 48

Buzzer ....................................................... 37

C

Capacity ..................................................... 55

Carrier ........................................................ 30

Carrier systems .......................................... 30

Carriers, cleaning and care ........................ 48

CE mark in compliance with the directive

2006/42/EC ............................................ 15

Centrifugation of infectious, toxic, radioactive,

or pathogenic substances ....................... 19

Centrifugation principle .............................. 13

Centrifugation with different tube sizes ....... 29

Centrifugation with low capacity ................. 30

Centrifuge cannot be started ...................... 42

Centrifuge decelerates during operation .... 42

Centrifuge is inclined .................................. 42

Centrifuge was moved during run .............. 42

Centrifuge, cleaning and care .................... 46

Changes in colour ...................................... 50

Changes in structure .................................. 50

Chemical and biological safety ................... 19

Chemical resistance of plastic .................... 47

China RoHS 2 – Declaration of conformity . 73

Cleaning agents ......................................... 49

Cleaning the bores of angle rotors ............. 47

Cleaning the centrifuge .............................. 46

Closing the lid ................................ ...... 18, 27

Communication error ................................. 44

Condensation ............................................. 26

Condenser dirty ......................................... 42

Connected load .......................................... 55

Contamination ...................................... 19, 47

Continuous heat resistance ........................ 49

Continuous run .......................................... 34

Control system ........................................... 31

Copyright ................................................... 10

Corrosion ................ 18, 21, 30, 46, 47, 48, 49

Cost estimate ............................................. 52

Cracking .................................................... 47

Cracks ....................................................... 48

Current consumption .................................. 55

Customer-provided fuses ........................... 26

Cycle display (Cycles) ................................ 38

Cycles ........................................................ 28

Cycles (cycle display) ................................ 38

D

Damage of the surface ............................... 48

Dangerous goods....................................... 20

Dangerous materials .................................. 49

Deceleration curve ................................ ..... 62

Deceleration curves ................................... 36

Declaration of conformity ..................... 10, 69

Declaration of conformity – China RoHS 2 . 73

Declaration of decontamination .................. 52

Declaration of Decontamination ................. 54

Decontamination agent ........................ 47, 49

Deformation of tubes .................................. 50

Density ................................................. 12, 20

Different service life of rotors and accessories

......................................................... 21, 64

Dimensions ................................................ 24

Direct hazard to the life and health ............. 16

Laboratory Centrifuge Sigma 3-16L

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Index

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Directive 2002/96/EC ................................. 54

Disinfectants .............................................. 49

Disinfection of the rotor chamber and

accessories ................................ ............ 49

Display ....................................................... 31

Disposal of the centrifuge ........................... 54

Disposal of the packaging .......................... 54

Documentation ........................................... 10

Drive problem ............................................ 42

E

Earth conductor check ............................... 22

EC declaration of conformity ................ 10, 69

EEPROM error ........................................... 44

Electrical connection .................................. 55

Electrical safety .......................................... 18

Emergency lid release ............................... 43

Equipotential bonding screw ...................... 22

Error correction .......................................... 42

Error message ........................................... 42

Explanation of the symbols and notes ........ 16

Explosive substances ................................ 19

F

Fire preventions ......................................... 19

Form for the return of defective parts ......... 52

Functional and operating elements ............ 11

Fuses have tripped .................................... 42

G

General conditions ................................ ....... 9

Glass breakage .......................................... 49

Glass particles ........................................... 49

Gravitational field ....................................... 55

Grease for load bearing bolts ..................... 46

H

Hazard warnings .............................. 9, 28, 30

Highly corrosive substances ...................... 18

I

Imbalance ...................................... 29, 30, 48

Imbalance error .......................................... 44

Imbalance monitoring system .................... 22

Importance of the operating manual ............. 9

Important information ................................. 16

Improper loading ........................................ 42

Infectious substances ................................ 49

Inflammable substances ............................ 19

Informal safety instructions ........................ 17

Initial start-up ................................ ............. 27

Input fuse ................................................... 12

Input lock ................................................... 39

Inspection by the manufacturer .................. 51

Installation of accessories .......................... 29

Installation of angle rotors with a hermetically

sealed lid ................................................ 28

Installation of rotors and accessories ......... 28

Installation of the rotor ............................... 28

Installation site ........................................... 26

Intended use ................................................ 9

Interrupting a centrifugation run ................. 32

Interrupting a deceleration process ............ 32

IP code ...................................................... 55

K

kin. energy ................................................. 55

Kinetic energy ............................................ 12

L

Layout of the centrifuge.............................. 11

Leaks ................................................... 30, 50

Lid cannot be opened ................................ 42

Lid error ..................................................... 44

Lid lock device ........................................... 22

Lid lock has not released ........................... 42

Lid seal sticks ............................................ 42

Linear curves ............................................. 62

Load bearing bolts, cleaning and care ........ 48

Loading a program ..................................... 41

M

Mains power switch off ............................... 42

Mains switch .............................................. 11

Mains voltage ............................................. 18

Maintenance .............................................. 46

Malfunctions and error correction ............... 42

Manual mode ............................................. 32

Manufacturer .............................................. 55

Marking of the unit ..................................... 15

Maximum number of cycles ....................... 38

Maximum speed for tubes .......................... 60

Measures in the event of hazards and

accidents ................................................ 23

Mechanical safety ...................................... 18

Laboratory Centrifuge Sigma 3-16L
Laboratory Centrifuge Sigma 3-16L IVD

Index

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Mode of operation ...................................... 13

Motor error ................................ ................. 44

Motor shaft ........................................... 28, 46

Multiple carrier ........................................... 30

N

Name plate .......................................... 11, 12

No indication on the display ....................... 42

No power in the mains supply .................... 42

Noise level ................................................. 55

Nominal voltage ......................................... 12

Non-greased bolts ...................................... 48

Notes on safety and hazards ....................... 9

Notes on transport ..................................... 24

O

Online download of forms .......................... 53

Opening the lid ........................................... 27

Operating personnel .................................. 17

Operating voltage....................................... 26

Operational safety ...................................... 47

Overseas shipping ..................................... 24

P

Packaging .................................................. 25

Parameter error ......................................... 44

Pathogenic substances .................. 19, 46, 49

Plastic accessories, cleaning and care ....... 47

Potential hazard to the life and health ........ 16

Potentially hazardous situation................... 16

Power consumption ............................. 12, 55

Power cord is not plugged in ...................... 42

Power supply ............................................. 26

Preselection of a curve............................... 36

Pressure marks .......................................... 48

Prevention of accidents ................................ 9

Problem description ................................... 52

Process error ............................................. 44

ProgLock program lock .............................. 38

Program lock (ProgLock) ........................... 38

Protection class ................................... 26, 55

Q

Quick stop .................................................. 32

Quitting the modification mode ................... 32

R

Radioactive substances ....................... 19, 46

Radius ....................................................... 14

Range of accessories ................................ 57

Reaching the maximum number of cycles .. 38

Relative centrifugal force (RCF) ........... 14, 33

Removal of the transport safety device ...... 25

Remove glass particles and metal dust from

the rotor chamber ................................... 49

Responsibility of the operator ..................... 17

Return of centrifuges, spare parts, or

accessories ............................................ 52

Return of defective parts ............................ 52

Risk of electrical shock............................... 18

Rotor chamber ........................................... 46

Rotor monitoring system ............................ 22

Rotor radii .................................................. 60

Rotor selection ........................................... 35

Rotor tie-down screw ........................... 28, 48

Rotor wrench ....................................... 10, 28

Rotors and accessories with a different

service life ........................................ 21, 64

Rotors for microtiter plate formats .............. 28

Rotors, cleaning and care .......................... 48

Runtime ..................................................... 33

Runtime as of the set speed ...................... 34

S

Safety area ................................................ 20

Safety devices ........................................... 22

Safety distance .............................. 18, 20, 26

Safety instructions ............................ 9, 28, 30

Safety instructions for centrifugation .......... 20

Safety of rotors and accessories ................ 21

Safety, chemical and biological .................. 19

Safety, electrical ........................................ 18

Safety, mechanical ..................................... 18

Saving a program....................................... 40

Scope of supply ......................................... 10

Selection, display, and modification of data 32

Serial number ................................ 12, 45, 51

Service ....................................................... 51

Service contact .......................................... 45

Service life ................................................. 46

Service life of rotors and accessories ... 21, 64

Service life of the accessories .................... 50

Service work .............................................. 51

Set-up and connection ............................... 26

Laboratory Centrifuge Sigma 3-16L

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Short run .................................................... 35

Solvents ......................................... 20, 46, 47

Sound signal (buzzer) ................................ 37

Spare part enquiries ................................... 45

Speed ...................................... 12, 14, 33, 55

Speed-gravitational-field-diagram .............. 61

Speedometer error ..................................... 44

Standards and regulations ......................... 10

Standstill monitoring system ...................... 22

Starting a centrifugation run ....................... 32

Sterilisation of the rotor chamber and

accessories ................................ ............ 49

Storage and transport ................................ 24

Storage conditions ..................................... 24

Storage locations ....................................... 55

Stress-corrosion

see

corrosion ............................................. 48

Structural changes ................................ ..... 19

Supply voltage ........................................... 26

Switching the centrifuge off ........................ 41

Switching the centrifuge on ........................ 27

System check ............................................ 22

System error ........................................ 42, 44

T

Table of error codes ................................... 44

Table of rotors and accessories with a

different service life .......................... 21, 64

Technical data ........................................... 55

Technical documentation ........................... 56

Temperature error ...................................... 44

Temperature value not reached ................. 42

Thermal circuit breaker .............................. 55

Thermal stress ........................................... 46

Time range................................................. 55

Toxic substances ................................. 19, 46

Transport safety device .............................. 25

Tubes ......................................................... 30

Type..................................................... 12, 55

Type of connection ..................................... 26

Type of the centrifuge .......................... 45, 51

U

Ungreased load- bearing bolts ................... 42

Useful volume

- volume that is stated for the tube .... 30, 60

User interface ............................................ 31

UV radiation ......................................... 26, 46

V

Vents ......................................................... 26

Vessels ...................................................... 30

W

Warranty and liability .................................... 9

Wear .......................................................... 51

Weight ....................................................... 24

Work on the power supply system ............. 18

Y

Year of manufacture .................................. 12