Siemens SIPROTEC 7SA522 User Manual

SIPROTEC

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Distanc e Prot ection 7SA522

V4.3

Manual

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C53000-G1176-C155-3

Disclaimer of liability

We have checked the text of this manual against the hardware and software described. However, deviations from the description cannot be completely ruled out, so that no liability can be accepted for any errors or omissions contained in the information given.

The information in this manual is checked periodically, and necessary corrections will be included in future editions. We appreciate any suggested improvements.

We reserve the right to make technical improvements without notice.

Copyright

and communication of its contents, is not authorized except where expressly permitted. Violations are liable for damages. All rights reserved, particularly for the purposes of patent application or trademark registration.

Registered Trademarks

SIPROTEC, SINAUT, SICAM and DIGSI are registered trademarks of SIEMENS AG. Other designations in this manual may be trademarks that if used by third parties for their own purposes may violate the rights of the owner.

Release 4.30.01

7SA522 Manual

C53000-G1176-C155-3

Preface

Purpose of this Manual

This manual describes the functions, operation, installation, and placing into service of device 7SA522. In particular, one will find:

• Descriptions of device functions and settings;

• Instructions for mounting and commi s sioni ng;

• Compilation of the technical specifications;

• As well as a co mpilation of the most significant data for experienced users in the Appendix.

General information about design, configuration, and operation of SIPROTEC devices are laid down in the SIPROTEC

4 System Description

(Order no.: E50417-H1176-C151-A1).

T a rget Audience Protection engineers, commissioning engineers, personnel concerned with adjust-

ment, checking, and service of selective protective equipment, automatic and control facilities, and personnel of electrical facilities and power plants.

Applicability of this Manual

This manual is valid for Distance Protection Device SIPROTEC Firmware Version V4.3

4 7SA522;

Indication of Conformity

This product compli es with the d irecti ve of th e Cou ncil of the Euro pean Com muni ties on the app roximati on of the l aws of th e Me mber States relat ing to elec tromag netic compatibility (EMC Council Directive 89/336/EEC) and concerning electrical equipment for use within specified voltage limits (Low-voltage directive 73/23 EEC). This conformity is proved by tests conducted by Siemens AG in accordance with Article 10 of the Counc il Directive in agreement with the generic standards EN 50081 and EN 61 000-6-2 for EMC directive, and with the standard EN 60 255-6 for the low- voltage directive. The product conforms with the international standard of the series IEC 60 255 and the German standard VDE 0435.

Further Standa rds IEEE Std C37.90-*

This product is UL-certified according to the Technical Data:

C53000-G1176-C155-3

37SA522 Manual

Preface

Additional Support Should further information on the System SIPROTEC® 4 be desired or should partic-

ular problems arise which are not covered sufficiently for the purchaser's purpose, the matter should be referred to the local Siemens representative.

Training Courses Individual course offerings may be found in our Training Catalogue, or questions may

be directed to our training centre in Nuremberg.

Instructions and Warnings

The warnings and notes contained in this manual serve for your own safety and for an appropriate lifetime of the device. Please observe them! The following indicators and standard definitions are used:

DANGER!

indicates that death, severe personal injury or substantial property damage will result if proper precautions are not taken.

Warning

indicates that death, severe personal injury or substantial property damage can result if proper precautions are not taken.

Caution

indicates that minor personal injury or property damage can result if proper precautions are not taken. This particularly applies to damage on or in the device itself and consequential damage thereof.

1RWH

indicates information about the device or respective part of the instruction manual which is essential to highlight.

WARNING!

Hazardous voltages are present in this electrical equipment during operation. Failure to observe these precautions can result in death, personal injury, or serious

material damage. Only qualified personnel shall work on and in the vicinity of this equipment. The per-

sonnel must be thoroughly familiar with all warnings and maintenance procedures of this manual as well as the safety regulations.

Successful and safe operation of the device is dependent on proper transportation, storage, mounting and assembly and the observance of the warnings and instructions of the unit manual.

Of particular importance are the general installation and safety regulations for work in a high-voltage environment (for example, VDE, IEC, EN, DIN, or other national and international regulations). These regulations must be observed.

7SA522 Manual

C53000-G1176-C155-3

Definition QUALIFIED PERSONNEL

Prerequisites to proper and safe operation of this product are proper transport, proper storage, setup, installation, operation, and maintenance of the product, as well as careful operation and servicing of the device within the scope of the warnings and instructions of this manual.

• Is trained and authorized to energize, de-energize, clear, ground and tag circuits and equipment in accordanc e with establ is hed safety practi ce s.

• Training and instruction (or other qualification) for switching, grounding, and designating devices and systems.

• Is trained in rendering first aid.

Preface

Typographic and Graphical Conventions

To designate terms which refer in the text to information of the device or for the device, the following fonts are used:

3DUDPHWHUQDPHV

Designators of configuration or function parameters which may appear word-forword in the display of the device or on the screen of a personal computer (with operation software DIGSI

), are marked in bold letters of a monospace type style. This

also applies to header bars for selection menus.

$

Parameter addresses have the same character style as parameter names. Parameter addresses contain the suffix $ in the overview tables if the parameter can only be set in DIGSI

via the option Display additional settings.

3DUDPHWHU&RQGLWLRQV

possible settings of text parameters, which may appear word-for-word in the display of the device or on the screen of a personal computer (with operation software DIG-

), are additionally written in italics. This also applies to header bars for selection

menus.

´$QQXQFLDWLRQVµ

Designators for information, which may be output by the relay or required from other devices or from the switch gear, are marked in a monospace type style in quotation marks.

Deviations may be permitted in drawings and tables when the type of designator can be obviously derived from the illustration.

7SA522 Manual C53000-G1176-C155-3

The following symbols are used in drawings:

device-internal logical input signal device-internal (logical) output signal internal input signal of an analogue quantity external binary input signal with number (binary input, input

indication) external binary output signal with number (device indication)

Preface

external binary output signal with number (device indication) used as input signal

Example of a p arameter sw itch designat ed FUNCTION with the address 1234 and the possible settings ON and OFF

Besides these, graphical symbols are used according to IEC 60 617-12 and IEC 60 617-13 or symbols derived from these standards. Some of the most frequently used are listed below:

Input signal of an analogue quantity

OR gate

AND gate

Exclusive–OR gate (antivalence): output is active, if only one of the inputs is active

Equivalence: output is active, if both inputs are active or inactive at the same time

Dynamic inputs (edge–triggered) above with positive, below with negative edge

Formation of one analogue output signal from a number of analogue input signals

Limit stage with setting address and parameter designator (name)

Timer (pickup delay T, example adjustable) with setting address and parameter designator (name)

Timer (dropout delay T, example non-adjustable)

Dynamic triggered pulse timer T (monoflop)

Static memory (RS-flipflop) with setting input (S), resetting input (R), output (Q) and inverted output (Q

)

■

7SA522 Manual

C53000-G1176-C155-3

1 Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

1.1 Overall Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

1.2 Application Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

1.3 Characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

2 Functions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

2.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

2.1.1 Functional Scope. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

2.1.1.1 Configuration of the Functional Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

2.1.1.2 Setting Notes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

2.1.1.3 Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

2.1.2 Device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

2.1.2.1 Trip Dependent Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

2.1.2.2 Spontaneous Annunciations on the Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

2.1.2.3 Setting Notes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

2.1.2.4 Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

2.1.2.5 Information List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

2.1.3 Power System Data 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

2.1.3.1 Setting Notes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

2.1.3.2 Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

2.1.4 Setting Group Changeover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

2.1.4.1 Purpose of the Setting Groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

2.1.4.2 Setting Notes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

2.1.4.3 Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

2.1.4.4 Information List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

2.1.5 Power System Data 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

2.1.5.1 Setting Notes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

2.1.5.2 Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

2.1.5.3 Information List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

2.1.6 Oscillographic Fault Records. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

2.1.6.1 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

2.1.6.2 Setting Notes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

2.1.6.3 Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

2.1.6.4 Information List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

C53000-G1176-C155-3

77SA522 Manual

Contents

2.2 Distance protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

2.2.1 Distance protection, general settings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

2.2.1.1 Earth Fault Detection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

2.2.1.2 Calculation of the Impedances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

2.2.1.3 Setting Notes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72

2.2.1.4 Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

2.2.1.5 Information List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

2.2.2 Distance protection with quadrilateral characteristic (optional) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

2.2.2.1 Method of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

2.2.2.2 Setting Notes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86

2.2.2.3 Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90

2.2.3 Distance protection with MHO characteristic (optional). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92

2.2.3.1 Functional Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92

2.2.3.2 Setting Notes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97

2.2.3.3 Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101

2.2.4 Tripping Logic of the Distance Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102

2.2.4.1 Functional Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102

2.2.4.2 Setting Notes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107

2.3 Power swing detection (optional). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108

2.3.1 Function Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108

2.3.2 Setting Notes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113

2.3.3 Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114

2.3.4 Information List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114

2.4 Protection data interfaces and communication topology (optional). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115

2.4.1 Function Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115

2.4.2 Setting Notes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118

2.4.3 Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122

2.4.4 Information List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122

2.5 Remote signals via protection data interface (optional). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124

2.5.1 Description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124

2.5.2 Information List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125

2.6 Teleprotection for distance protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127

2.6.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127

2.6.2 Method of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128

2.6.3 Permissive Underreach Transfer Trip with Zone Acceleration Z1B (PUTT) . . . . . . . . . . . 129

2.6.4 Direct Underreach Transfer Trip . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131

2.6.5 Permissive Overreach Transfer Trip (POTT). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132

2.6.6 Directional Unblocking Scheme. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136

2.6.7 Directional Blocking Scheme. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140

2.6.8 Transient Blocking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143

2.6.9 Measures for Weak and Zero Infeed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144

2.6.10 Setting Notes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146

2.6.11 Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149

2.6.12 Information List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149

7SA522 Manual

C53000-G1176-C155-3

Contents

2.7 Earth fault overcurrent protection in earthed systems (optional). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151

2.7.1 Functional Description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151

2.7.2 Setting Notes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163

2.7.3 Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172

2.7.4 Information List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175

2.8 Teleprotection for earth fault overcurrent protection (optional) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176

2.8.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176

2.8.2 Directional Comparison Pickup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177

2.8.3 Directional Unblocking Scheme. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181

2.8.4 Directional Blocking Scheme. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185

2.8.5 Transient Blocking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188

2.8.6 Measures for Weak or Zero Infeed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189

2.8.7 Setting Notes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190

2.8.8 Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194

2.8.9 Information List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194

2.9 Weak-infeed tripping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196

2.9.1 Classical Tripping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196

2.9.1.1 Method of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196

2.9.1.2 Setting Notes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199

2.9.2 Tripping According to French Specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199

2.9.2.1 Method of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199

2.9.2.2 Setting Notes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202

2.9.2.3 Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203

2.9.2.4 Information List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204

2.10 External direct and remote tripping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206

2.10.1 Method of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206

2.10.2 Setting Notes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207

2.10.3 Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207

2.10.4 Information List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207

2.11 Overcurrent protection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208

2.11.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208

2.11.2 Method of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209

2.11.3 Setting Notes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215

2.11.4 Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220

2.11.5 Information List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222

2.12 Instantaneous high-current switch-on-to-fault protection (SOTF) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224

2.12.1 Method of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224

2.12.2 Setting Notes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225

2.12.3 Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225

2.12.4 Information List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 226

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2.13 Automatic reclosure function (optional) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227

2.13.1 Method of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228

2.13.2 Setting Notes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245

2.13.3 Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254

2.13.4 Information List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 256

2.14 Synchronism and voltage check (optional) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259

2.14.1 Method of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259

2.14.2 Setting Notes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263

2.14.3 Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268

2.14.4 Information List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269

2.15 Undervoltage and overvoltage protection (optional) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271

2.15.1 Overvoltage Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271

2.15.2 Undervoltage Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276

2.15.3 Setting Notes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280

2.15.4 Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284

2.15.5 Information List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 286

2.16 Frequency protection (optional). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288

2.16.1 Method of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288

2.16.2 Setting Notes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 290

2.16.3 Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292

2.16.4 Information List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 293

2.17 Fault locator. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 294

2.17.1 Functional Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 294

2.17.2 Setting Notes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 296

2.17.3 Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297

2.17.4 Information List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297

2.18 Circuit breaker failure protection (optional) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299

2.18.1 Method of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299

2.18.2 Setting Notes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309

2.18.3 Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 312

2.18.4 Information List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 313

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2.19 Monitoring function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 314

2.19.1 Measurement Supervision. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 314

2.19.1.1 Hardware Monitoring. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 314

2.19.1.2 Software Monitoring. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316

2.19.1.3 External Transformer Circuits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316

2.19.1.4 Malfunction Responses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 321

2.19.1.5 Setting Notes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 322

2.19.1.6 Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 324

2.19.1.7 Information List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 325

2.19.2 Trip circuit supervision. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 325

2.19.2.1 Method of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 325

2.19.2.2 Setting Notes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 328

2.19.2.3 Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 328

2.19.2.4 Information List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 328

2.20 Function control and circuit breaker testing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 330

2.20.1 Function control. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 330

2.20.1.1 Line Energization Recognition. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 330

2.20.1.2 Detection of the Circuit Breaker Position. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 333

2.20.1.3 Open Pole Detector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 336

2.20.1.4 Pickup Logic for the Entire Device. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 337

2.20.1.5 Tripping Logic of the Entire Device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 338

2.20.1.6 Setting Notes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 344

2.20.2 Circuit breaker trip test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 344

2.20.2.1 Method of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 344

2.20.2.2 Setting Notes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 345

2.20.2.3 Information List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 345

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2.21 Auxiliary functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 346

2.21.1 Processing of Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 346

2.21.1.1 Method of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 346

2.21.2 Statistics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 349

2.21.2.1 Function Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 350

2.21.2.2 Setting Notes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 350

2.21.2.3 Information List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 350

2.21.3 Measurement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351

2.21.3.1 Method of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351

2.21.3.2 Information List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353

2.21.4 Demand Measurement Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355

2.21.4.1 Long-term Average Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355

2.21.4.2 Setting Notes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355

2.21.4.3 Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355

2.21.4.4 Information List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 356

2.21.5 Min/Max Measurement Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 356

2.21.5.1 Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 356

2.21.5.2 Setting Notes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 356

2.21.5.3 Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 356

2.21.5.4 Information List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 357

2.21.6 Set Points (Measured Values). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 358

2.21.6.1 Limit Value Monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 359

2.21.6.2 Setting Notes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 359

2.21.6.3 Information List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 359

2.21.7 Energy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 360

2.21.7.1 Power Metering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 360

2.21.7.2 Setting Notes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 360

2.21.7.3 Information List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 360

2.22 Command processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 362

2.22.1 Control Authorization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 362

2.22.1.1 Command Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 362

2.22.1.2 Sequence in the Command Path. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 363

2.22.1.3 Switchgear Interlocking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 364

2.22.1.4 Information List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 367

2.22.2 Control Device. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 367

2.22.2.1 Information List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 367

2.22.3 Process Data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 368

2.22.3.1 Method of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 368

2.22.3.2 Information List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 369

2.22.4 Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 369

2.22.4.1 Information List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 369

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3 Mounting and Commissioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 371

3.1 Mounting and Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 372

3.1.1 Configuration Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 372

3.1.2 Hardware Modifications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 376

3.1.2.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 376

3.1.2.2 Disassembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 378

3.1.2.3 Switching Elements on Printed Circuit Boards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 380

3.1.2.4 Interface Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 387

3.1.2.5 Reassembly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 391

3.1.3 Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 391

3.1.3.1 Panel Flush Mounting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 391

3.1.3.2 Rack Mounting and Cubicle Mounting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 393

3.1.3.3 Panel Surface Mounting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 395

3.2 Checking Connections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 396

3.2.1 Checking Data Connections of Serial Interfaces. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 396

3.2.2 Checking the Protection Data Communication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 398

3.2.3 Checking System Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 399

3.3 Commissioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 401

3.3.1 Test Mode / Transmission Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 402

3.3.2 Checking Time Synchronization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 402

3.3.3 Testing the System Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 403

3.3.4 Checking the Binary Inputs and Outputs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 405

3.3.5 Checking the Communication Topology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 407

3.3.6 Tests for Circuit Breaker Failure Protection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .411

3.3.7 Current, Voltage, and Phase Rotation Testing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 413

3.3.8 Direction Check with Load Current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 414

3.3.9 Polarity Check for the Voltage Input U4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 415

3.3.10 Polarity Check for the Current Input I4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 418

3.3.11 Measuring the Operating Time of the Circuit Breaker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 421

3.3.12 Testing of the Teleprotection System with Distance Protection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 422

3.3.13 Testing of the Signal Transmission with Earth-Fault Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 424

3.3.14 Check of the Signal Transmission for Breaker Failure Protection and/or End Fault Protection 426

3.3.15 Check of the Signal Transmission for Internal and External Remote Tripping . . . . . . . . . 426

3.3.16 Testing User-defined Functions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 427

3.3.17 Trip and Close Test with the Circuit Breaker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 427

3.3.18 Trip/Close Tests for the Configured Operating Devices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 427

3.3.19 Triggering Oscillographic Recordings for Test. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 428

3.4 Final Preparation of the Device. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 430

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4 Technical Data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 431

4.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 432

4.1.1 Analog Inputs and Outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 432

4.1.2 Auxiliary Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 433

4.1.3 Binary Inputs and Outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 433

4.1.4 Communication Interfaces. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 435

4.1.5 Electrical Tests. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 439

4.1.6 Mechanical Stress Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 441

4.1.7 Climatic Stress Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 442

4.1.8 Service Conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 442

4.1.9 Certifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 443

4.1.10 Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 443

4.2 Distance Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 444

4.3 Power Swing Detection (optional) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 447

4.4 Teleprotection for Distance Protection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 448

4.5 Earth Fault Overcurrent Protection in Earthed Systems (optional) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 450

4.6 Teleprotection for Earth Fault Overcurrent Protection (optional) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 459

4.7 Weak-Infeed Tripping (classic) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 460

4.8 Weak-Infeed Tripping (French specification) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 461

4.9 Protection Data Interfaces and Communication Topology (optional). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 462

4.10 External Direct and Remote Tripping. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 463

4.11 Time Overcurrent Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 464

4.12 Instantaneous High-Current Switch-onto-Fault Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 467

4.13 Automatic Reclosure Function (optional). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 468

4.14 Synchronism and Voltage Check (optional). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 469

4.15 Undervoltage and Overvoltage Protection (optional). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 471

4.16 Frequency Protection (optional). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 474

4.17 Fault Locator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 475

4.18 Circuit Breaker Failure Protection (optional) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 476

4.19 Monitoring Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 477

4.20 Transmission of Binary Information (optional) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 479

4.21 User Defined Functions (CFC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 481

4.22 Auxiliary Functions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 484

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4.23 Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 486

4.23.1 Panel Flush and Cubicle Mounting (Housing Size 1/2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 486

4.23.2 Panel Flush and Cubicle Mounting (Housing Size 1/1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 487

4.23.3 Panel Surface Mounting (Housing Size 1/2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 488

4.23.4 Panel Surface Mounting (Housing Size 1/1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 488

A Appendix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 489

A.1 Ordering Information and Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 490

A.1.1 Ordering information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 490

A.1.1.1 Ordering Code (MLFB) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 490

A.1.2 Accessories. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 495

A.2 Terminal Assignments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 498

A.2.1 Housing for panel surface and cubicle mounting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 498

A.2.2 Housing for Panel Surface Mounting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 503

A.3 Connection Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 512

A.3.1 Current Transformer Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 512

A.3.2 Voltage Transformer Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 516

A.4 Default Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 519

A.4.1 LEDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 519

A.4.2 Binary Inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 520

A.4.3 Binary Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 520

A.4.4 Function Keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 521

A.4.5 Default Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 522

A.4.6 Pre-defined CFC Charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 523

A.5 Protocol-dependent Functions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 527

A.6 Functional Scope. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 528

A.7 Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 530

A.8 Information List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 546

A.9 Group Alarms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 584

A.10 Measured Values. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 585

Literature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 591

Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 593

Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 601

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Contents

7SA522 Manual

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Introduction 1

The SIPROTEC® 4 7SA522 is introduced in this chapter. The device is presented in its application, characteristics, and scope of functions.

1.1 Overall Operation 18

1.2 Application Scope 22

1.3 Characteristics 25

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177SA522 Manual

1 Introduction

1.1 Overall Operation

The digital Distance Protection SIPROTEC® 4 7SA522 is equipped with a powerful microprocessor system. This provides fully numerical processing of all functions in the device, from the acquisition of the measured values up to the output of commands to the circuit breakers Figure 1-1 shows the basic structure of the 7SA522.

Analog I n pu ts The measuring inputs (MI) convert the currents and voltages coming from the trans-

formers and adapt them to the level appropriate for the internal processing of the device. The device has 4 current and 4 voltage inputs. Three current inputs are provided for measurement of the phase currents, a further measuring input (I configured to measure the earth current (residual current from the current transformer star-point), the earth current of a parallel line (for parallel line compensation) or the star-point current of a power transformer (for earth fault direction determination).

) may be

7SA522 Manual

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1.1 Overall Operation

Figure 1-1 Hardware structure of the digital Distance Protection 7SA522

A voltage measuring input is provided for each phase-earth voltage. A further voltage input (U

) may optionally be used to measure either the displacement voltage (e-n volt-

age), for a busbar voltage (for synchronism and voltage check) or any other voltage U

(for overvoltage protection). The analog values are transferred further to the IA

input amplifier group. The input amplifier group IA provides high-resistance termination for the analog input

quantities. It consists of filters that are optimized for measured value processing with regard to bandwidth and processing speed.

The AD analog digital converter group contains analog/digital converters and memory components for data transfer to the microcomputer system.

7SA522 Manual C53000-G1176-C155-3

1 Introduction

Microcomputer System

Apart from processing the measured values, the microcomputer system µC also executes the actual protection and control functions. They especially consist of:

• Filtering and conditioning of the measured signals,

• Continuous monitoring of the measured quantities

• Monitoring of the pickup conditions for the individual protective functions

• Querying of limit values and time sequences,

• Control of signals for logical functions,

• Reaching trip and close command decisions,

• Stocking messages, fault data and fault values for fault analysis purposes,

• Administration of the operating system and its functions, e.g. data storage, realtime clock, communication, interfaces, etc.

The information is provided via output amplifier OA.

Binary Inputs and Outputs

Binary inputs and outputs from and to the computer system are routed via the I/O modules (inputs and outputs). The computer system obtains the information from the system (e.g remote resetting) or the external equipment (e.g. blocking commands). Additional outputs are mainly commands that are issued to the switching devices and messages for remote signalling of events and states.

Front Elements LEDs and an LC display provide information on the function of the device and indicate

events, states and measured values. Integrated control and numeric keys in conjunction with the LCD facilitate local inter-

action with the device. Thereby, all information on the device such as configuration and setting parameters, operation and fault indications and measured values can be retrieved or changed, (see also Chapter 2 and SIPROTEC order no. E50417-H1176-C151.

Devices with control functions also allow station control on the front panel.

Serial Interfaces Via the serial inte rface

using the operating program DIGSI dling of all device functions.

The service using DIGSI

interface can also be used for communication with a personal computer

. This interface is especially well suited for the fixed wiring of the devices

to the PC or operation via a modem. Via the serial system interface

tion unit or to a control centre. This interface may be provided with various protocols and physical transmission schemes to suit the particular application.

A further interface is provided for time synchronization ternal synchronization sources.

Further communication protocols can be realized via additional interface modules.

Protection Data Interface (optional)

Depending on the version there are one or two protection data interfaces interfaces the data for the teleprotection scheme and further information such as closing the local circuit breaker, other external trip commands coupled via binary inputs and binary information can be transmitted to other ends.

4 System Description,

in the front panel the communication with a personal computer

is possible. This facilitates a comfortable han-

all device data can be transferred to a central evalua-

of the internal clock through ex-

. Via these

Power Supply These described functional units are supplied by a power supply PS with the neces-

sary power in the different voltage levels. Brief supply voltage dips which may occur

7SA522 Manual

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1.1 Overall Operation

on short circuits in the auxiliary voltage supply of the power system are usually bridged by a capacitor (see also Technical Data, Sub-section 4.1).

7SA522 Manual C53000-G1176-C155-3

1 Introduction

1.2 Application Scope

The digital distance protection SIPROTEC® 4 7SA522 is a selective and quick protection for overhead lines and cables with single- and multi-ended infeeds in radial, ring or any type of meshed systems of any voltage levels. The network neutral can be earthed, compensated or isolated.

The device incorporates the functions which are normally required for the protection of an overhead line feeder and is therefore capable of universal application. It may also be applied as time-graded back-up protection to all types of comparison protection schemes used on lines, transformers, generators, motors and busbars of all voltage levels.

The devices located at the ends of the protected zone exchange measuring information via teleprotection functions with conventional connections (contacts) or via optional protection data interfaces using dedicated communication links (usually fibre optic cables) or a communication network. If the 7SA522 devices are equipped with a protection data interface, they can be used for a protection object with 2 ends. Lines with three terminals (teed feeders) require at least one device with two protection data interfaces.

Protective Elements

The basic function of the device is the recognition of the distance to the fault with distance protection measurement. In particular for complex multiphase faults, the distance protection has a non-switched 6-impedance-loops design (full scheme). Different pickup schemes enable a good adaption to system conditions and the user philosophy. The network neutral can be isolated, compensated or earthed (with or without earth current limiting). The use on long, heavily-loaded lines is possible with or without series compensation.

The distance protection may be supplemented by teleprotection using various signal transmission schemes (for fast tripping on 100 % of the line length). In addition, an earth fault protection for high resistance earth faults (ordering option) is available, which may be directional, non-directional and may also be incorporated in signal transmission. On lines with weak or no infeed at one line end, it is possible to achieve fast tripping at both line ends by means of the signal transmission schemes. Subsequent to energizing the line onto a fault which may be located along the entire line length, it is possible to achieve a non-delayed trip signal.

In the event of a failure of the measured voltages due to a fault in the secondary circuits (e.g. trip of the voltage transformer mcb or a fuse) the device can automatically revert to an emergency operation with an integrated overcurrent protection, until the measured voltage again becomes available. This time overcurrent protection has three definite-time overcurrent stages and one inverse-time stage; a number of characteristics based on various standards is available for the inverse-time stage. The stages can be combined in any way. Alternatively, the time delayed overcurrent protection may be used as back-up time delayed overcurrent protection, i.e. it functions independent and parallel to the distance protection.

Depending on the version ordered, most short-circuit protection functions may also trip single-pole. They may work in co-o per ati on with an integrated automatic reclosure (available as an option) which enables single-pole, three-pole or single and three-pole automatic reclosure as well as several interrupt cycles on overhead lines. Before reclosure after three-pole tripping, the device can check the validity of the reclosure through voltage and/or synchronism check (can be ordered optionally). It is also possible to connect an external automatic reclosure and/or synchronism check as well as double protection with one or two automatic reclosure functions.

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1.2 Application Scope

Apart from the mentioned fault protection functions, additional protection functions are possible, such as multi-stage overvoltage, undervoltage and frequency protection, circuit breaker failure protection and protection against effects of power swings (simultaneously active as power swing blocking for the distance protection). For the rapid location of the damage to the line after a fault, a fault locator is integrated which also may compensate the influence of parallel lines.

Digital Transmission of Protection Data (optional)

If the distance protection is to be complemented by digital teleprotection schemes, the data required for this purpose can be transmitted via the protection data interface by employing a digital communication link. Communication via the protection data interfaces can be used for transmitting further information. Besides measured values also binary commands or other information can be transmitted.

With more than two devices (= ends of the protected object) the communication can be built up as a ring. This enables a redundant operation in case one communication line fails. The devices will automatically find the remaining healthy communication lines. But even with two ends, communication lines can be doubled to create redundancies.

Control Functions Depending on the ordered variant the device provides control functions which can be

accomplished for activating and deactivating switchgears via the integrated operator panel, the system interface, binary inputs and a personal computer with the operating software DIGSI

. The status of the primary equipment can be transmitted to the device via auxiliary contacts connected to binary inputs. The current status (or position) of the primary equipment can be read out at the device, and used for interlocking or plausibility monitoring. The number of the operating equipment to be switched is limited by the binary inputs and outputs available in the device or the binary inputs and outputs allocated for the switch position indications. Depending on the equipment used one (single point indication) or two (double point indication) binary inputs may be used. The capability of switching primary equipment can be restricted by a setting associated with the switching authority (remote or local), and by the operating mode (interlocked/non-interlocked, with or without password request). Processing of interlocking conditions for switching (e.g. switching error protection) can be established with the aid of integrated, user-configurable logic functions.

Messages and Measured Value s; Fault Recording

The operating messages provide information about conditions in the power system and the device. Measurement quantities and values that are calculated can be displayed locally and communicated via the serial interfaces.

Device messages can be assigned to a number of LEDs on the front cover (allocatable), can be externally processed via output contacts (allocable), linked with user-definable logic functions and/or issued via serial interfaces (see Communication below).

During a fault (fault in the system) important events and status changes are stored in the fault logs. Instantaneous fault values are also saved in the device and may be analyzed subsequently.

Co m mu n ic a t i on Serial interfaces are available for the communication with operating, control and

memory systems. A 9-pin DSUB socket on the front cover is used for local communication with a person-

al computer. By means of the SIPROTEC al and evaluation tasks can be executed via this operating

operating software DIGSI® 4, all operation-

interface, such as specifying and modifying configuration parameters and settings, configuration of userspecific logic functions, retrieving operational messages and measured values, inquiring device conditions and measured values, issuing control commands.

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1 Introduction

To establish an extensive communication with other digital operating, control and memory components the device may be provided with further interfaces depending on the order variant.

The service

interface can be operated through data lines. Also, a modem can be connected to this interface. For this reason, remote operation is possible via personal computer and the DIGSI

operating software, e.g. to operate several devices via a

central PC. The system

interface ensures the central communication between the device and the substation controller. The service interface can be operated through data cables or optical fibres. For data transmission there are several standardized protocols available. The integration of the devices into automation systems from other manufacturers can also take place with this profile.

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1.3 Characteristics

General Features • Powerful 32-bit microprocessor system

• Complete di gi tal proces si ng of me as ur ed va lu es an d co nt r ol , fro m the sa mp li n g of the analog input values up to the closing and tripping commands to the circuit breakers

• Complete galvanic and reliable separation between internal processing circuits from the measurement, control, and power supply circuits by analog input transducers, binary inputs and outputs and the DC/DC or AC/DC converters

• Complete scope of functions which are normally required for the protection of a line feeder

• Digital protection data transmission, may be used for teleprotection with permanent monitoring of disturbance, fault or transfer time deviations in the communication network with automatic runtime re-adjustment

• Distance protection system realizable for 3 ends

• Simple device operation using the integrated operator panel or a connected personal computer with operator guidance

1.3 Characteristics

• Storage of fault indications as well as instantaneous values for fault recording

Distance Protection • Protection for all types of faults in systems with earthed, compensated or isolated

starpoint

• Selectable polygonal tripping characteristic or MHO-circle characteristic;

• Reliable differentiation between load and fault conditions also on long, high-loaded lines

• High sensitivity in the case of a weakly loaded system, extreme stability against load jumps and power swings

• Optimum adaption to the line parameters by means of the tripping characteristic with diverse configuration parameters and “load trapezoid” (elimination of the possible load impedances);

• Six measuring systems for each distance zone

• Six distance zones, selectable as forward, reverse or non-directional reaching, one may be used as an overreach zone

• Nine time stages for the distance zones

• Direction determination (with polygon) or polarisation (with MHO-circle) is done with unfaulted loop (quadrature) voltages and voltage memory , thereby achieving unlimited directional sensitivity, and not affected by capacitive voltage transformer transients

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• Suitable for lines with series compensation

• Insensitive to current transformer saturation

• Compensation against the influence of a parallel line

• Shortest tripping time is approx. 17 ms (for f

= 50 Hz) or 15 ms (for fN = 60 Hz)

• Phase segregated tripping (in conjunction with single-pole or single- and three-pole auto-reclosure)

• Non-delayed tripping following switch onto fault

1 Introduction

• Two sets of earth impedance compensation

Power Swing Supplement (optional)

Teleprotection Supplement

• Power swing detection with dZ/dt measurement with three measuring systems

• Power swing detection up to a maximum of 7 Hz swing frequency;

• In service also during single-pole dead times

• Settable power swing programs

• Prevention of undesired tripping by the distance protection during power swings

• Tripping for out-of-step conditions can also be configured

• Different procedures may be set:

• Permissive Underreach Transfer Trip = PUTT (via a separately settable overreach zone);

• Comparison schemes (Permissive O verreach Transfer Trip = POTT or blocking schemes, with separate overreach zone);

• Suitable for lines with two or three ends

• Phase segregated transmission possible in lines with two ends

• Optionally signal exchange of the devices via dedicated communication links (in general optical fibres) or a communication network, in this case a phase-segregated transmission with two or three line ends and continuous monitoring of the communication paths and the signal propagation delay with automatic re-adjustment.

Earth Fault Protection (optional)

• Time overcurrent protection with maximally three definite time stages (DT) and one inverse time stage (IDMT) for high resistance earth faults in earthed systems

• For inverse time protection a selection from various characteristics based on several standards can be made

• The inverse time stage can also be set as fourth definite time stage

• High sensitivity (depending on the version from 3 mA);

• Phase current stabilization against fault currents during current transformer saturation

• Second harmonic inrush restraint

• Optionally earth fault protection with zero sequence voltage tripping time or inverse time tripping

• Each stage can be set to be non-directional or directional in the forward or reverse direction

• Single-pole tripping enabled by integrated phase selector

• Direction determination with automatic selection of the larger of zero sequence voltage or negative sequence voltage (U quantities (I I

). or with negative sequence system quantities (I2, U2) or with zero sequence

power (3I

, U0), with zero sequence current and transformer starpoint current (I0,

· 3U0);

, Iy or U2), with zero sequence system

• One or more stages may function in conjunction with a signal transmission supplement; also suited for lines with three ends

• Instantaneous tripping by any stage when switching onto a fault

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1.3 Characteristics

Transmission of Information (only with numerical protection data transmission)

Tripping at Line Ends with no or Weak Infeed

External Direct and Remote Tripping

Time Overcurrent Protection

• Transmission of the measured values from all ends of the protected object

• Transmission of 4 commands to all ends

• Transmission of 24 additional binary signals to all ends

• Possible in conjunction with telepr otection schemes

• Allows fast tripping at both line ends, even if there is no or only weak infeed available at one line end

• Phase segregated tripping and single-pole automatic reclosure (version with singlepole tripping)

• Tripping at the local line end from an external device via a binary input

• Tripping of the remote line end by internal protection functions or an external device via a binary input (with teleprotection)

• Selectable as emergency function in the case of measured voltage failure, or as backup function independent of the measured voltage

• Maximally two definite time stages (DT) and one inverse time stage (IDMT), each for phase currents and earth current

• For IDMT protection a selection from various characteristics based on several standards is possible

Instantaneous High-Current Switch-onto-Fault Protection

Automatic Reclosure Function (optional)

• Blocking capability e.g. for reverse interlocking with any element

• Instantaneous tripping by any stage when switching onto a fault

• Stub fault protection: Additional stage for fast tripping of faults between the current transformer and line isolator (when the isolator switching status feed back is available); particularly suited to substations with 1

/2 circuit breaker arrangements.

• Fast tripping for all faults on total line length

• Selectable for manual closure or following each closure of the circuit breaker

• With integrated line energization detection

• For reclosure after single-pole, three-pole or single-pole and three-pole tripping

• Single or multiple reclosure (up to 8 reclosure attempts)

• With separate action times for every reclosure attempt, optionally without action times

• With separate dead times after single-pole and three-pole tripping, separate for the first four reclosure attempts

• Controlled optionally by protection pickup with separate dead times after single, two-pole and three-pole pickup

• Optionally with adaptive dead time, reduced dead time and dead line check.

Synchronism and Voltage Check (optional)

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• V eri f ic at i on of th e synchronous con d it i ons b ef o re re clo sing after th re e- po l e t rip p in g

• Fast measuring of voltage difference U quency difference f

diff

;

of the phase angle difference ϕ

diff

and fre-

diff

1 Introduction

• Alternatively, check of the de-energized state before reclosing

• Closing at asynchronous system conditions with prediction of the synchronization time

• Settable minimum and maximum voltage

• Verification of the synchronous conditions or de-energized state also possible before the manual closing of the circuit breaker, with separate limit values

• Also measurement via transformer

• Measuring voltages optionally phase-phase or phase-earth

Voltage Protection (optional)

Frequency Protection (optional)

• Overvoltage and undervoltage detection with different stages

• Two overvoltage stages for the phase-earth voltages, with common time delay

• Two overvoltage stages for the phase-phase voltages, with common time delay

• Two overvoltage stages for the positive sequence voltage, with a time delay each, optionally with compounding

• Two overvoltage stages for the negative sequence voltage, with a time delay each

• Two overvoltage stages for the zero sequence voltage or any other single-phase voltage, with a time delay each

• Settable drop-off to pick-up ratios for the overvoltage protection functions

• Two undervoltage stages for the phase-earth voltages, with common time delay

• Two undervoltage stages for the phase-phase voltages, with common time delay

• Two undervoltage stages for the positive sequence voltage, with a time delay each

• Settable current criterion for undervoltage protection functions

• Monitoring on underfrequency (f<) and/or overfrequency (f>) with 4 frequency limits and delay times that are independently adjustable

• Very insensitive to phase angle changes

• Large frequency range (approx. 25 Hz to 70 Hz)

Fault Location • Initiated by trip command or reset of the pickup

• Computation of the distance to fault with dedicated measured value registers

• Fault location output in ohm, kilometers or miles and % of line length

• Parallel line compensation can be selected

• Taking into consideration the load current in case of single-phase earth faults fed from both sides (settable)

Circuit Breaker Failure Protection (optional)

• With definite time current stages for monitoring current flow through every pole of the circuit breaker

• With definite time monitoring time steps for single-pole and three-pole tripping

• Start by trip command of every internal protection function

• Start by external trip functions possible

• Single-stage or two-stage

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• Short dropout and overshoot times

1.3 Characteristics

User-defined Functions

Commissioning; Operation (only with digital transmission of protection data)

Command Processing

Monitoring Functions

• Freely programmable combination of internal and external signals for the implementation of user-defined logic functions;

• All common logic functions

• Time delays and set point interrogation

• Display of magnitude and phase angle of local and remote measured values

• Display of measured values of the communication link, such as runtime and availability

• Switchgears can be energized and de-energized manually via local control keys, the programmable function keys on the front panel, via the system interface (e.g. by SICAM operating software DIGSI

or LSA), or via the operating interface using a personal computer and the

)

• Feedback on switching states via the circuit breaker auxiliary contacts (for commands with feedback)

• Plausibility monitoring of the circuit breaker position and monitoring of interlocking conditions for switchi ng ope ra tio ns

• Availability of the device is greatly increased by monitoring of the internal measurement circuits, auxiliary power supply, hardware, and software

Additional Functions

• Current transformer and voltage transformer secondary circuits are monitored using summation and symmetr y check techniques

• Trip circuit supervision

• Checking for the load impedance, the measured direction and the phase sequence

• Monitoring the signal transmission of the optional digital communication path

• Battery buffered real time clock, which may be synchronized via a synchronization signal (e.g. DCF77, IRIG B via satellite receiver), binary input or system interface

• Continuous calculation and display of measured quantities on the front display. Indication of measured values of the remote end or of all ends (for devices with protection data interfaces);

• Fault event memory (trip log) for the last 8 network faults (faults in the power system), with real time stamps

• Fault recording and data transfer for fault recording for a maximum time range of 15 s

• Statistics: Counter with the trip commands issued by the device, as well as recording of the fault current data and accumulation of the interrupted fault currents

• Communication with central control and memory components possible via serial interfaces (depending on the individual ordering variant), optionally via data line, modem or fibre optics

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1 Introduction

• Commissioning aids such as connection and direction checks as well as circuit breaker test functions

■

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+ 576 hidden pages

Siemens SIPROTEC 7SA522 User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

Disclaimer of liability

Copyright

Registered Trademarks

Preface

Purpose of this Manual

T a rget Audience Protection engineers, commissioning engineers, personnel concerned with adjust-

Applicability of this Manual

Additional Support Should further information on the System SIPROTEC® 4 be desired or should partic-

Training Courses Individual course offerings may be found in our Training Catalogue, or questions may

Contents

Introduction 1

1.1 Overall Operation

Analog I n pu ts The measuring inputs (MI) convert the currents and voltages coming from the trans-

Microcomputer System

Binary Inputs and Outputs

Front Elements LEDs and an LC display provide information on the function of the device and indicate

Serial Interfaces Via the serial inte rface

Power Supply These described functional units are supplied by a power supply PS with the neces-

1.2 Application Scope

Control Functions Depending on the ordered variant the device provides control functions which can be

Co m mu n ic a t i on Serial interfaces are available for the communication with operating, control and

1.3 Characteristics

Distance Protection • Protection for all types of faults in systems with earthed, compensated or isolated

Tripping at Line Ends with no or Weak Infeed

External Direct and Remote Tripping

Time Overcurrent Protection

Instantaneous High-Current Switch-onto-Fault Protection

Voltage Protection (optional)

Fault Location • Initiated by trip command or reset of the pickup

Circuit Breaker Failure Protection (optional)