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CAN data protocol
LD-MRS 400001S01
LD-MRS 400102S01
LD-MRS 800001S01

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Table of Content
1 Introduction 3
2 General information 3
2.1 CAN frame format 3
2.2 Identifiers 3
2.3 Message format 4
3 Object Data 5
3.1 List header: CAN Base ID (e.g. 0x500) 5
3.2 Timestamp: CAN Base ID + 0x1 (e.g. 0x501) 6
3.3 Tracking1: CAN Base ID + 0x2 (e.g. 0x502) 6
3.4 Tracking2: CAN Base ID + 0x3 (e.g. 0x503) 7
3.5 Class and box1: CAN Base ID + 0x4 (e.g. 0x504) 7
3.6 Box2: CAN Base ID + 0x5 (e.g. 0x505) 7
3.7 Contour header: CAN Base ID + 0x6 (e.g. 0x506) 8
3.8 Contour points: CAN Base ID + 0x7 (e.g. 0x507) 8
4 Command Interface 10
4.1 LD-MRS commands and command replies 10
4.1.1 Reset sensor 10
4.1.2 SaveConfig 11
4.1.3 Set Parameter 11
4.1.4 Get Parameter 11
4.1.5 Load Factory Defaults 12
4.1.6 Start Measure 12
4.1.7 Stop Measure 13
4.1.8 SetNTPTimestampSec 13
4.1.9 SetNTPTimestampFracSec 14
4.2 LD-MRS parameter list 15
4.3 Examples 22
5 LD-MRS error/warning 23
1.1 Error register 1 23
1.2 Error register 2 24
1.3 Warning register 1 25
1.4 Warning register 2 25
6 Ego motion information 26

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1 Introduction
This document describes how data is received and transmitted via CAN. Addressed
systems are LD-MRS400001S0, LD-MRS400102S01 and LD-MRS800000S01.
This document is based on firmware version 3.02.
Note: The standard LD-MRSXXX (without “S01”) also has a CAN interface. This interface
is used to control the external I/O-extender of the sensor and uses other commands.
This document does not apply to this sensor type!
2 General information
2.1 CAN frame format
The LD-MRS uses CAN 2.0A with 11-bit identifiers. The baudrate is 500 kBit/s.
2.2 Identifiers
Each CAN messages has an identifier (ID). For the LD-MRS, a base ID can be set as a
parameter (default is 0x500). This base ID defines a range of 16 subsequent IDs, starting
with the base ID itself. E.g., with the base ID set to 0x500, the used CAN messages will
have the IDs 0x500 through 0x50F.
As the message ID defines the message and its contents, each ID may only be used by
one device (or for one purpose) on the CAN bus. If multiple sensors should be used on
one CAN bus, each sensor must have a base ID that separates its ID range from the
other devices.
Table 1: CAN ID overview
Vehicle motion data
base ID
Object list header (start of object data)
Tracking1: First set of information for an object
Tracking2: Second set of information for an object
Class and box1: Bounding box information for an
object
Box2: Bounding box information for an object
Contour header: Start of contour information for an
object
Contour points: Additional contour points.
Reply from the sensor (for each received

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2.3 Message format
Message length is always 8 bytes, unless declared differently in the description.
Message byte and bit numbering is zero based. E.g., the first data byte of a message ist
byte 0, the last one byte 7.
Data encoding is big endian (Motorola) for all messages except command, command
reply and errors and warnings, which use little endian (Intel).

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3 Object Data
Object data can be transmitted via CAN if the corresponding output flag is enabled in the
sensor.
The ID range is CAN base ID … CAN base ID + 0x7, first and last ID included.
For a base ID 0x500 the range is [0x500, 0x507].
One set of object data consist of:
A list header message
A timestamp message
For each object:
o A Tracking1 message
o A Tracking2 message
o A Class and box1 message
o A Box2 message
o A contour header message
o For each next 1-3 contour points:
A Contour point message
Note: Data encoding is Big Endian format.
3.1 List header: CAN Base ID (e.g. 0x500)
Version of the object data format. This
document describes version 1.
Number of objects transmitted in this
cycle.
Estimated maximum sensor view range
on typical vehicles in percent [0,100].
100: full view range
0: low view range
0xFF: invalid (no estimation possible)
Current sensor temperature in °C. 0x80
indicates an invalid value.
bit 0: Velocity type
0 = absolute velocities,
1 = relative velocities.
bit 1: Bounding boxes
0 = boxes are object boxes (aligned to
object),
1 = boxes are bounding boxes (aligned
to axes of coordinate system).
bits 2…7:
reserved

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Counter for header and trailer message
(to be able to match header and trailer)
0: sensor not covered; other: sensor
covered = blind
3.2 Timestamp: CAN Base ID + 0x1 (e.g. 0x501)
Start time of the scan these objects are
based on.
Fractional seconds the scan start time.
3.3 Tracking1: CAN Base ID + 0x2 (e.g. 0x502)
ID of this object from the tracking. Use
this ID to refer messages to an object.
Position of the object (reference point,
e.g. center of gravity) in the reference
coordinate system in cm.
byte 5
bits 0…7,
byte 6
bits 4…7
Object velocity in 0.1 m/s in the reference
coordinate system. See list header for
absolute or relative velocities. 0x800
indicates an invalid velocity.
byte 6
bits 0…3,
byte 7
bits 0…7
Please refer to this image for clarification of the bits and bytes used for each information:
Byte 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
0
1
2
3
4
5 Velocity X
6
7 Velocity Y

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3.4 Tracking2: CAN Base ID + 0x3 (e.g. 0x503)
ID of this object from the tracking. Use
this ID to refer messages to an object.
Number of scans this object has been
tracked for. Saturates at 0xFF.
Number of scans this object has only be
predicted without measurement update.
Saturates at 0xFF. Is reset to 0 after
measurement update.
Detection time of this object as offset to
the reference time stamp in ms.
Standard deviation of the position
estimation in cm.
Standard deviation of the velocity
estimation in cm.
3.5 Class and box1: CAN Base ID + 0x4 (e.g. 0x504)
ID of this object from the tracking. Use
this ID to refer messages to an object.
Center position of the box in cm. See list
header for object box / bounding box.
3.6 Box2: CAN Base ID + 0x5 (e.g. 0x505)
ID of this object from the tracking. Use
this ID to refer messages to an object.
Size of the box in cm in the object
coordinate system. The box orientation is
only available for an object box. A
bounding box is an unrotated rectangle in
the reference coordinate system. In this
case the box size is always given in the
reference coordinate system. 0x8000
indicates an invalid orientation.

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Object box orientation in the reference
coordinate system in 1/100°. 0x8000
indicates an invalid orientation.
3.7 Contour header: CAN Base ID + 0x6 (e.g. 0x506)
ID of this object from the tracking. Use
this ID to refer messages to an object.
Number of contour points including start
point transmitted for this object. The
number of following ObjectDataContour
messages can be calculated by
(NumOfContourPoints+1) Div 3. If this
value is set to 0xFF (invalid), the contour
of this object was not calculated correctly
(e.g. too many contour points). In this
case, the ContourStartpoint contains the
closest distance to the object. No more
contour point messages are sent for this
object.
Closest contour
point number
The closest object distance can be found
in the contour point with this number. The
numbering starts with 0 (start point).
Position of the first contour point in cm in
the reference coordinate system. This is
the first point of the contour (or the
closest distance, see above). The
following contour points are only given by
offsets to the previous points.
3.8 Contour points: CAN Base ID + 0x7 (e.g. 0x507)
ID of this object from the tracking. Use
this ID to refer messages to an object.
Number of this contour message. Zero
based.
Add these offsets to the position of the
previous point. Calculate the position for

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each contour point (besides the start
point) using the offsets.
First contour point is the start point sent
in the contour header message.
Note that these offsets have a resolution
of 4 cm. Multiply these values by 4 to
convert to cm.
3.9 List trailer: CAN Base ID (e.g. 0x508)
Number of object
CAN messages
sent
Number of CAN messages sent for the
current object list.
NumOfWarningErr
orMessagesSent
Number of warning/error messages sent
since the last object list trailer:
Counter for header and trailer message
(to be able to match header and trailer)

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4 Command Interface
Commands can be transmitted via CAN.
The ID is CAN base ID + 0xA. Example: For a base ID 0x500 the command ID is 0x50A.
Attention: The data is encoded in little endian byte order in this message!
See detailed list of commands and
according options/parameters.
Depending on command. May be unused
for some commands.
After receiving a command a reply is always sent.
The ID is CAN base ID + 0xB. Example: For a base ID 0x500 the command ID is 0x50B.
Attention: The data is encoded in little endian byte order in this message!
If a command succeeded, the reply ID is
equal to the corresponding command ID.
If a command failed, the reply ID is the
command ID + 0x8000. Thus, the most
significant bit indicates a failed
command.
Depending on command this reply is
related to. May be completely unused for
some replies and if a command failed.
4.1 LD-MRS commands and command replies
4.1.1 Reset sensor
Restarts the sensor. For this command, no reply is sent.
Example: Reset the sensor.
Send the message ID=0x50A, DLC=2, Data=00 00. This will immediately reset the
sensor. Note that no reply is sent from the sensor.

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4.1.2 SaveConfig
Current sensor configuration
will be saved permanently.
Multiple SetParameter
commands may be sent
before saving the changes
permanently.
The command SaveConfig will be acknowledged by the same command ID without
command reply data.
4.1.3 Set Parameter
Set a single Parameter by its
index to the sensor memory.
Parameter is set only
temporarily until a SaveConfig
command (see 4.1.2) is sent.
Refer to LD-MRS parameter
list.
Set parameter accordingly to
parameter list. If e.g. a 2 byte
value is set, use the first 2
bytes. Fill the remaining 2
bytes with 0.
The command Set Parameter will be acknowledged by the same command ID without
any command reply data.
4.1.4 Get Parameter
Read a single Parameter with
its index from the LD-MRS.
Refer to LD-MRS parameter
list (4.2)

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Read a single Parameter by
its index from the LD-MRS.
Refer to LD-MRS parameter
list (4.2)
Example: Read the data output flags.
Send the message ID=0x50A, DLC=4, Data=11 00 12 10.
Answer from the sensor is ID=050B, DLC=8, Data=11 00 12 10 80 00 00 00.
Note that the two bold numbers can vary as they are the requested parameter.
4.1.5 Load Factory Defaults
Resets all parameters to the
factory defaults.
The command Load Factory Defaults will be acknowledged by the same command
ID without any command reply data.
Example: Send the message ID=0x50A, DLC=2, Data=1A 00. Reply from the sensor is
the message ID=0x50B, DLC=8, Data=1A 00 00 00 00 00 00 00.
4.1.6 Start Measure
Starts the measurement with
the current settings.
The command Start Measure will be acknowledged by the same command ID without
any command reply data.
Example: Send the message ID=0x50A, DLC=2, Data=20 00. Reply from the sensor is
the message ID=0x50B, DLC=8, Data=20 00 00 00 00 00 00 00.

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4.1.7 Stop Measure
The command Stop Measure will be acknowledged by the same command ID without
any command reply data.
Example: Send the message ID=0x50A, DLC=2, Data=21 00. Reply from the sensor is
the message ID=0x50B, DLC=8, Data=21 00 00 00 00 00 00 00.
4.1.8 SetNTPTimestampSec
sets the second of
NTPtimestamp.
Seconds (NTP format). The
time will be set in the sensor
when the fractional seconds
command is received (see 0).
The command SetNTPTimestampSec will be acknowledged by the same command ID
without any command reply data.
Example: To set the NTP-Seconds to 0x12345678, send the message ID=0x50A,
DLC=8, Data=30 00 00 00 78 56 34 12. Reply from the sensor is the message
ID=0x50B, DLC=8, Data=30 00 00 00 00 00 00 00.
Note that in order to set the time, you must send the fractional seconds with the
command SetNTPTimestampFracSec command next!

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4.1.9 SetNTPTimestampFracSec
Attention: Before this command can be executed, first command
"SetNTPTimestampSec” (0x0030) must be sent (see 4.1.8)!
sets the fractional second of
NTPtimestamp.
Fractional seconds (NTP
format).
The command SetNTPTimestampFracSec will be acknowledged by the same command
ID without any command reply data.

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4.2 LD-MRS parameter list
This table gives an overview of available LD-MRS parameters. Please refer to 4.1.3 and
4.1.4 for details on getting and setting these parameters.
IP address, subnet mask and standard gateway encode the data as UINT32 value which
is built like that: aa.bb.cc.dd = 0xaabbccdd. Due to little endian byte order this value must
be sent as 0xddccbbaa.
in kBaud - next matching
value (1000 kBaud, 500
kBaud, 250 kBaud, 125
kBaud) will be used.
Bit true: disable output,
false: enable output.
0xFFFF is invalid.
bit0: ETH scan data
bit1: reserved/internal
bit2: ETH object data
bit3: ETH vehicle data
bit4: ETH errors/warnings
bit5: CAN errors/warnings
bit6: CAN object data
bit7...15: reserved
<= 65 (max. number of
objects) limited by tracking
and CAN bus capacity.
Valid: < 3
0: closest point only
1: low density
2: high density
ObjectPriorizationCrit
erion
Valid: < 2
Used to reduce transmitted
objects via CAN. Decision
which objects are
discarded is based on this
criterion.
0: Radial
1: Look ahead

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Valid: all
bit 0: 0 = absolute
velocities, 1 = relative
velocities
bit 1: 0 = boxes are object
boxes, 1 = boxes are
bounding boxes
bits 2…15: reserved
Valid: all
Minimum tracking age
(number of scans) of an
object to be transmitted.
Valid: all
Maximum prediction age
(number of scans) of an
object to be transmitted.
In 1/32°, in the sensor
coordinate system.
Valid: 1600…-1919.
Start angle > end angle!
In 1/32°, in the sensor
coordinate system.
Valid: 1599…-1920.
Start angle > end angle!
In 1/256 Hz.
Valid:
3200 (12.5 Hz)
6400 (25.0 Hz)
12800 (50.0 Hz)
INT14 (!)
(16 bits
transferred)
In 1/32° in the sensor
coordinate system.
Valid: -5760…+5759
(-180°…+180°).
Bits 14 and 15 are ignored!
0: focused
1: constant
2: reserved
11520 (read only),
constant for LD-MRS
Available for
LDMRS800001.S01 only
0: full sensitivity (default)
1: lower 4 layers reduced
2: upper 4 layers reduced
3: both reduced

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Available for
LDMRS800001.S01 only
0: device not in upside
down mode (default)
1: upside down mode
active
Available for
LDMRS800001.S01 only
0: do not ignore points in
near range (up to 15m)
(default)
1: ignore points in near
range if 0x1108 is 1
Sensitivity control
active
0: not active (default)
1: Sensitivity will be
reduced dynamically up to
60% in case of direct sun
light.
In cm, related to vehicle
reference point, rear axle.
Order of translation and
rotation is essential
(Rotation -> Translation).
In cm, related to vehicle
reference point, rear axle.
Order of translation and
rotation is essential
(Rotation -> Translation).
In cm, related to vehicle
reference point, rear axle.
Order of translation and
rotation is essential
(Rotation -> Translation).
In 1/32°, order of
translation and rotation is
essential (Yaw->Pitch>Roll-> Translation).
In 1/32°, order of
translation and rotation is
essential (Yaw->Pitch>Roll-> Translation).

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In 1/32°, order of
translation and rotation is
essential (Yaw->Pitch>Roll-> Translation).
Width of the vehicle; valid:
all; in cm.
Reserved, internal.
Valid: all
Reserved, internal.
Valid: all
Reserved, internal.
Valid: all
Reserved, internal.
Valid: all
Vehicle Motion Data
Flags
Reserved, internal.
Bit 0: Vehicle Motion data
expected: 1=true, 0=false
Bits 1 to 15: reserved
Enable flag for
“SensorInfo”-data. Default
is 0 (disabled). When set
to 1, the sensor sends
SensorInfo data with each
scan.
Please refer to chapter Fehler!
Verweisquelle konnte nicht
gefunden werden. for details.
This setting is non-persistent
and has to be re-activated after
each reboot.

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Beam tilt angle. For
standard devices, this
angle is 0. For 8-layer
devices, this is the tilt of
the scan center in 0°
(forward) direction typically either 1.2° or 1.6°.
For a description of the data
format, see chapter Fehler!
Verweisquelle konnte nicht
gefunden werden..
Current timemeter value, in
[minutes]. This is the
overall power-on-time of
the sensor since
production.
This parameter is read-only.
Enables adaptive
sensitivity control. If
disabled, sensor works at
maximum sensitivity. Valid
values are 1 (Enabled,
DEFAULT) or 0 (Disabled).
This parameter is not persistent;
it will not be saved in the flash
memory and is set to default
(=enabled) at reboot.
This parameter is available only
in DSP firmware version 2.2.09.
FlexRes feature: Number
of angle sectors. This
defines the number of valid
sectors, set with the
following parameters.
The sensor checks the validity of
the sectors before applying the
configuration. In case of an
error, read parameter 0x7000 for
further information.
In 1/32°, in the sensor
coordinate system.
Valid: 1600…-1919.
This is the start angle of
the first sector.
The angular resolution for this
sector is set with parameter
0x4009.

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In 1/32°, in the sensor
coordinate system.
Valid: 1600…-1919.
This is the start angle of
the second sector.
The angular resolution for this
sector is set with parameter
0x400A.
Angular resolution,
Sector 1
Angular resolution of first
sector. Valid values are 32
(1.0°), 16 (0.5°), 8 (0.25°)
and 4 (0.125°).
Angular resolution,
Sector 2
Angular resolution of
second sector.
Angular resolution,
Sector 3
Angular resolution,
Sector 4
Angular resolution,
Sector 5
Angular resolution,
Sector 6
Angular resolution,
Sector 7
Angular resolution,
Sector 8

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Detailed error code
for FlexRes
Detailed error information
for FlexRes feature. When
parameter setting of
0x4000 fails, reading this
parameter will give the
reason.
0x006C: The number of shots
per scan is higher than
440.
0x006D: The sectors with a
resolution of 0.125° sum
up to more than 20°.
0x006E: The scan frequency is
not 12.5Hz.
0x006F: The start angles of the
sectors decrease not
strictly monotone.
0x0070: Could not set FlexRes
parameter because the
sensor is not idle and in
flex res mode.
0x0071: The resolution of one
sector is not 4,8,16 or
32 (0.125°, 0.25°, 0.5°,
1°)
0x0072: The number of sectors
is larger than 8

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4.3 Examples
This example shows how to set the IP address via CAN to 10.152.36.200.
Message ID:
CAN base ID + 0xA
e.g. 0x50A
Parameter index: 0x1000 (IP Address)
Parameter data (here: 10.152.36.200,
resp. 0x0A9824C8)

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5 LD-MRS error/warning
As soon as a LD-MRS laserscanner detects an error or wants to emit a warning, this
message is sent asynchronously. Errors and warning bits are reset after sending this
message.
This message will be sent periodically as long as errors of warnings persist.
The ID is CAN base ID + 0xF. Example: For a base ID 0x500, the command ID is 0x50F.
This message is encoded in Little Endian format!
See detailed description below
1.1 Error register 1
This register contains error flags from the FPGA of the scanner.
scan buffer transmitted incompletely, decrease scan
resolution/frequency/range; contact support
Scan buffer overflow , decrease scan
resolution/frequency/range; contact support
Bit 8: APD Under Temperature, provide heating. This bit
is set when the internal temperature drops below -40°C.
Bit 9: APD Over Temperature, provide cooling. This bit
is set when the internal temperature rises above
+125°C.
Bit 8 and 9: APD Temperature Sensor defect, contact
support

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1.2 Error register 2
This register contains error flags from the processor of the scanner.
Internal communication error. The DSP did not receive
any scan data from the FPGA. This error typically occurs
if the sensor cannot measure correctly. If the error
persists, contact support.
Internal communication error. The DSP could not
communicate correctly with the FPGA via the control
interface. If the error persists, contact support.
Internal communication error. The DSP did not receive
valid scan data from the FPGA for more than 500 ms.
This error may be caused by the current operating state
(e.g. failure of the motor control due to heavy vibration),
or by an internal defect. If the error persists, contact
support.
Incorrect configuration data, load correct configuration
values.
Configuration contains incorrect parameters, load correct
configuration values
Data processing timeout, decrease scan resolution or
scan frequency
Incoming CAN message lost. This is an overflow of the
input buffer, and at least one incoming CAN message
was lost. This error may indicate that the sensor is
flooded with incoming messages. Reduce the number of
messages.
Severe deviation (> 10%) from expected scan frequency.
This may indicate motor trouble. If error persists, contact
support.
This bit is available in firmware v2.2.09 and 3.02 or newer.
Motor blocked. No rotation of the internal mirror was
detected, and automatic restart has failed. This may
indicate motor trouble. If error persists, contact support.
This bit is available in firmware v2.2.09 and 3.02 or newer.

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1.3 Warning register 1
This register contains warning flags from the FPGA of the scanner.
warning of insufficient temperature (“Low temperature”).
This bit is set when the internal temperature drops below
-30°C.
warning of exceeding temperature (“High temperature”).
This bit is set when the internal temperature rises above
+115°C.
check syncronisation- and scan frequency
1.4 Warning register 2
This register contains warning flags from the processor of the scanner.
Ethernet interface blocked, check Ethernet connection
Incorrect or forbidden command received, check
command
Memory access failure, restart LD-MRS, contact support
Internal warning states:
Bit 7: Segement overflow
Bit 8: EgoMotion
Bit 9: MountingPosition
Bit 10: calculated frequency
Bit 11: no ntp time
Bit 12: no time sync pps
Bit 13: no time sync command
Bit 14: no time sync
Slight deviation from expected scan frequency (5..10%).
This may occur during operation due to vibration or
sensor movement, but may also indicate motor trouble.
This bit is available in Firmware v2.2.09 and 3.02 or newer.

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6 Ego motion information
Algorithms working in the LD-MRS are designed to use ego motion information if the
sensor is mounted e.g. on a vehicle. The ego motion data is the data from the vehicle,
e.g. ist speed, that is supplied to the sensor.
Generally this data is not mandatory, but data quality from the sensor will increase if
sensor is moving and reliable ego motion information is supplied via CAN. Data update
rate must be at least the scan frequency of the LD-MRS, but may be higher for better
results.
If vehicle motion data is supplied, it must be sent in the predefined CAN messages
specified below.
Note: Data encoding is Big Endian format.
Velocity in 0.01 m/s. Two’s complement.
Forward: positive values.
Cross acceleration in 0.001 m/s². Two’s
complement. To the left: positive values.
Steering wheel angle in 0.001 rad. Two’s
complement. To the left: positive values.
0x306
Yaw rate in 0.0001 rad/s. Two’s
complement. To the left: positive values.