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ðˇ ½ˇ₣𹸳šğ Þ=₣ ¹− Þ− ŠÐˇł ¹˙ ýýˇ ½− ²=ýš=¹¼¦ý˝ ³šÐ²=šÐŠ−×−˝ž³ž²K
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ş× ğ²=½žÝš ş¹ˇ ³ž=¸=обЗЙзI=рˇ Ð=Þˇ =×¹−Ł˙ ÝÝš½š=ŠšŠ−ý˚ Þˇ =g~î~ ∑I=¾ğ½ −ł¹ˇ ¾˝ š²=¸=
обЗЙз=ЕдбйлK=
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2
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Ò₣ š½Ðð˙ =ýš=fl ¼½ş =½− Þ= ÌŠžłş =ı ¹¸³ž²
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½Ð²=Š¼Þˇ½ş ½ž½š²=ðˇ Ð=½Ð²=ݚн− ¼¹ł˝ š²=½− ¼=½žÝš¾ćÞ− ¼=³ˇ ²I=ł ¹¸ł− ¹ˇ =ðˇ Ð=
ˇ ×− ½šÝš³ý ˇ ½Ðð˙ K
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ŠšŠ−ý˚ Þˇ =×− ¼=ך¹Ð˚₣− Þ½ˇ Ð=³½ž=³¼³ðš¼¸=³ˇ ²K=Û׺=−¹Ð³ý˚Þš²=³¼Þ¦¸ðš²I=ý×− ¹š˝ =Þˇ=
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ş × ğ ²=ðÝ − ׸= ˇ¹Ð¦ý ć Þ=×г½ ğ ½Ðð ć Þ=ð ˇ¹½ ć ÞI= ˇ×ć ݚРˇ=¸=½¹ − × − × −˝ ž³ž=
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⁄ Ýš²=−Ð=š×ğ Þ¼ý ˝ š²=š½ ˇ йšÐ ć Þ=ð ˇ ÐL¸=×¹ −İş Þ½ ğ Þ= ˇ×− ½šÝ −Ć Þ=šý× − ¹Ðð ˙ =³¸ý ˇ½ˇ =ð ˇ ÐL¸=
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ÌÐ=ˇ ךÐð−Þ˝ ³šÐ²=½ž²=−¦ş Þž²=šÞŠ˚₣ 𽎠Ð=Þˇ =ŠÐˇ¾˚¹− ¼Þ=ˇ×ş =ˇ ¼½˚²=×−¼=
ס ¹− ¼³Ð˙ Ž− Þ½ˇ Ð=³½Ð²=− Šžł˝ š²=₣ ¹¸³ž²K
ÌÐ=×Ýž¹−¾−¹˝ š²=×−¼=ך¹Ðł¹˙ ¾−Þ½ˇ Ð=³š=ˇ ¼½ş =½−Þ=ÌŠžłş =ı ¹¸³ž²=šÞŠ˚₣ 𽎠Ð=Þˇ=
ˇ ÝÝ˙ þ− ¼Þ= ₣ğ ¹ ˝²=×¹−šÐŠ− ×− ˝ ž³žK
3
„гˇłğł ¸
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šÞŠ˚₣ 𽎠Ð=Þˇ =ýžÞ=¼×− ³½ž¹˝Ž− Þ½ˇÐ=ˇ×ş =ş ݡ =½ˇ =Š˝ð½¼ˇK
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‚šÞ= ˇÞ ˇ Ý ˇ ýŁ ˙ Þ− ¼ýš=ð ˇ ý ˝ˇ =𼦠ĆÞž=łÐˇ =ך¹Ðš ₣şýšÞ− I=×Ýž¹ −¾ − ¹˝š²I=ðÝ×K=× − ¼=
˚₣−¼Þ=Ýž¾¦š ˝= ˇ×ş =½− =Š˝ð½¼− K
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„˝ Þˇ Ð=×Цˇ Þş I=ך¹Ð³½ˇ ³Ðˇð˙ I=Þˇ =ס¹− ¼³Ðˇ ³½−ĆÞ=³½žÞ=−¦ş Þž=ýš¹Ðð˙ =ýˇĆ¹ ˇ =¸=
¾ğ ½šÐÞ˙ =йбсЙдлK=Уˇ¹ˇðˇÝ−Ć ýšI=³žýšÐć³½š=ş ½Ð=ˇ ¼½ş =ŠšÞ=š×ž¹š˙ ŽšÐ=ðˇý˝ˇ=ˇ×ş =½Ð²=
ݚн− ¼¹ł˝ š²=¸=½žÞ=ˇ×şŠ−³žK
ÓÞš¼ýˇ ½Ðð˙ =ŠÐðˇÐćýˇ ½ˇ
Ò Ć ý¾ ğ Þ ˇ=ýš=½žÞ=г ₣Ć− ¼³ ˇ=Þ − ý − ¦š³ ˝ˇ=ך¹ ˝=×Þš¼ý ˇ½Ðð ć Þ=ŠÐð ˇÐ ğ ý ˙½ ğ ÞI=ž=
ˇÞ ˇ× ˇ¹ ˇłğł¸I=½¹ −× −× − ˝ž³ž=ð ˇÐ=₣¹¸³ž=¼ÝÐð−Ć =×− ¼=×¹− ³½ˇ½šĆ š½ˇÐ=ˇ×ş =½ž=Þ− ý− ¦š³ ˝ˇ=
ך¹˝ =×Þš¼ýˇ ½Ððć Þ= ŠÐðˇÐğ ý˙½ğ Þ=Eý− ¼³Ðð¸I=¾ğ½−ł¹ˇ ¾˝ š²I=ðÝ×KF=š×н¹˚ ך½ˇ Ð=ýşÞ− Þ=łÐˇ =
×¹−³ğ ×Ðð¸=¸=ЊÐğ½Ðð¸=₣ ¹¸³žK=„˙ Þ=−=₣ ¹¸³½ž²=ŠšÞ=š˝Þˇ Ð=ð˙½−₣− ²=šð½š½ˇý˚Þğ Þ=
×Þš¼ýˇ ½Ððć Þ=ŠÐðˇÐğ ý˙½ğ Þ=¸=Šš=ŠÐˇ¦˚ ½šÐ=¹ž½¸=˚ł ð¹Ð³ž=ˇ×ş =½− Þ=ð˙½−₣− =½ğ Þ=
×Þš¼ýˇ ½Ððć Þ=ŠÐðˇÐğ ý˙½ğ Þ=ł Ðˇ=ˇÞˇ×ˇ¹ˇłğł ¸I=½¹−×−×−˝ ž³ž=¸=₣ ¹¸³ž=ˇÞ½Ðł¹˙ ¾ğ Þ=
×− ¼=ŠžýÐ−¼¹ł¸¦žðˇÞ=¸=½¹ −×−×−и¦žðˇÞ=ðˇ ½D=ˇ¼½ş=½−Þ=½¹ş×−I=½ş ½š=ž=ˇÞˇ×ˇ¹ˇłğł¸I=
½¹−×−×−˝ ž³ž=ðˇ Ð=₣ ¹¸³ž=½− ¼=¼ÝÐð−Ć =¦šğ ¹š˝½ˇ Ð=ş ½Ð=ˇ ޽н˝¦š½ˇ Ð=³½ž=Þ−ý− ¦š³˝ˇ =ך¹˝=
×Þš¼ýˇ ½Ððć Þ=ŠÐðˇÐğ ý˙½ğ Þ=ðˇ Ð=ס¹˚₣ 𽎠Ð=³½−Þ=ЊÐ−𽸽ž=×Þš¼ýˇ½Ðð ćÞ=ŠÐðˇÐ ğý˙ ½ğÞ=
½− =ŠÐðˇ˝ ğ ýˇ =˚ł š¹³ž²=ˇ ס н¸³šğ Þ=ˇ ×− Žžý˝ğ ³ž²K=·Ðˇ =½− =Ýşł− =ˇ ¼½ş I=³¼Þг½˙ ½ˇ Ð=ž=
ˇ ×− ¾¼ ł ¸=× ˇ ¹˙ Þ− ýž²= ₣ ¹¸³ž²=½ − ¼=¼ÝÐð −Ć =× − ¼=×¹ − ³½ ˇ ½šĆš½ˇÐ=ˇ ׺ =×Þš¼ý ˇ ½Ðð˙ =
ŠÐðˇÐć ýˇ½ˇK
Úˇ =tбеЗзпл=ˇ ×− ½šÝ−Ć Þ=³¸ýˇ =ðˇ ½ˇ ½š¦˚ Ю=½ž²=jбЕкзлзСн=`зкйзк~нбзе=³½Р²=ВУfl =ðˇ ÐL¸=
³š=˙ ÝÝš²=₣ć ¹š²K
4
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5
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„гˇłğł ¸
7
„гˇłğł ¸
CP8 PATENT
8
„гˇłğł ¸
Ú− =×¹−İş Þ=ˇ ¼½ş =˚₣ šÐ=ˇŠšÐ−Š− ½ž¦š˝=ˇ×ş =½žЮ =jm bdJQ=sбл м~д=m~нЙе н=mзкн Сздбз=iб ЕЙ елЙ=ł Ðˇ =× ¹−³ğ ×Ðð¸=ðˇ Ð=ýž=
šý×− ¹Ðð¸=₣ ¹¸³ž=ˇ×ş =½− Þ=ðˇ½ˇÞˇÝ𠽸=ł Ðˇ =Eˇ F=ðğ ŠÐð−×−˝ ž³ž=Ł˝ Þ½š− =³Ć ý¾ğÞˇ =ýš=½− =jmbdJQ=sáÇÉç=
pí~åÇ~êÇ=E?jmbdJQ=sáÇÉç?F=ðˇ ÐL¸=EŁ F=ˇ×− ðğ ŠÐð− ×− ˝ ž³ž=jmbdJQ=sáÇÉç=½−=−×−˝ −=˚ ₣ šÐ=ðğ ŠÐð−×− О¦š˝=ˇ×ş =
½− Þ=ðˇ ½ˇ Þˇ Ý𠽸=³½ˇ =×ݡ˝³Ðˇ =×¹− ³ğ ×Ðð¸²=ðˇ Ð=ýž=šý×− ¹Ðð¸²=йˇ ³½ž¹Ðş ½ž½ˇ ²=ðˇ ÐL¸=ˇ ×− 𽸦žðš=ˇ ׺ =
˚ Þ ˇ Þ= ˇ ŠšÐ −Š − ½žý ˚ Þ−=× ˇ ¹−₣ ˚ˇ =Ł ˝ Þ½š −K=‚šÞ=× ˇ ¹ ˚ ₣š½ ˇ Ð=−Ć ½š=¼× −Þ − š ˝ ½ ˇ Ð=ð ˇ ý ˝ˇ = ˙ ŠšÐ ˇ =łÐ ˇ =ð ˇ ý ˝ˇ = ˙ ÝÝž=
₣¹¸³žK=Ó¹ ş³¦š½š²=×Ýž¹ −¾ −¹˝ š²=ý× −¹ −ĆÞ=Þ ˇ=Š −¦ −ĆÞ= ˇ× ş=½žÞ=jmbd=i^K=„×Ð³ðš¾¦š ˝½š=½žÞ=г½ −³šÝ ˝Š ˇ=
ЬннйWLLпппKгйЙЦд~KЕзгK
Ú− =×¹−İş Þ=˚₣ šÐ=ˇ ŠšÐ− Š− ½ž¦š˝ =ˇ ׺ =½žЮ=jmbdJQ=pулнЙгл=m~нЙен=mзкнСздбз=iбЕЙелЙ=ł Ðˇ =ðğ ŠÐð− ×−˝ ž³ž=
Ł ˝Þ½š − =³Ć ý¾ğ Þˇ =ýš=½ − =jmbdJQ=pулнЙгл=pн~еЗ ~кЗI=šр½ş ²=š˙Þ=ˇ ס Ð½š˝ ½ˇ Ð=×¹ ş ³¦š½ž=˙ŠšÐˇ=ðˇ Ð=ðˇ ½ˇ Ł−ݸ=
ŠÐðˇÐğ ý˙½ğ Þ=ł Ðˇ =½žÞ=ðğ ŠÐð−×−˝ ž³ž=³₣ š½Ðð˙ =ýš=Eˇ F=ŠšŠ−ý˚ Þˇ =ˇ ×− ¦žðš¼ý˚Þˇ =¸=ˇ Þ½Ðł¹ˇ ýý˚Þˇ =³š=¾¼³Ðð˙=
ý˚ ³ˇ =½ˇ =− ×−˝ˇ=š˝ Þˇ Ð=×Ýž¹ğ ý˚ Þˇ =³š=ý˝ˇ =Ł˙ ³ž=½˝ ½Ý− =×¹− ²=½˝ ½Ý− =ðˇ ÐL¸=EŁ F=ŠšŠ− ý˚ Þˇ =½ˇ =− ×−˝ˇ =ˇ ×− ½šÝ−Ć Þ=
Ł− ¸¦šÐˇ =³š=ý ˝ˇ = Ł˙ ³ž=½ ˝ ½Ý − =×¹ − ²=½ ˝ ½Ý − =ð ˇ Ð=ýš½ ˇ Š ˝ Š − Þ½ ˇ Ð=³½ − Þ=½šÝÐð ş = ₣ ¹¸³½ž= ł Ðˇ =ý ş ÞÐýž=ˇ× − ¦¸ðš¼³ž=
ðˇ ÐL¸=₣ ¹¸³žK=Ú˚ ½− К²=×¹ş ³¦š½š²=˙ ŠšÐš²=ý×− ¹−Ć Þ=Þˇ =Š− ¦−Ć Þ=ˇ ׺ =½žÞ=jmbd=i^I=ii`K=„×Ð³ðš¾¦š˝ ½š=½žÞ=
г½− ³šÝ˝Šˇ =ЬннйWLLпппKгйЙЦд~KЕзг=łÐˇ =×¹ş ³¦š½š²=×Ýž¹−¾−¹˝ š²K=
9
Óš¹Ðš₣ş ýšÞˇ
„гˇłğł ¸= KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK N
Ú− =ÚžÝ˚ ¾ğ Þş =³ˇ ²= KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKNP
ÏšðÐÞć Þ½ˇ ²= KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK NQ
Ú− ×− ¦˚ ½ž³ž=½ž²=Ë˙¹½ˇ²=pfj=ðˇÐ=½ž²=
Íס½ˇ¹˝ˇ ²= KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK OM
fl ¾ˇ˝ ¹š³ž=½ž²=Ë˙ ¹½ˇ ²=pfj=ðˇ Ð=½ž²=
Íס½ˇ¹˝ˇ ²= KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK ON
Ùş ¹½Ð³ž=½ž²=Íס½ˇ¹˝ˇ ²= KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKOO
Ú− ×− ¦˚ ½ž³ž=½ž²=Ë˙¹½ˇ²=ÍÞ¸ýž²=KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK OR
fl ¾ˇ˝ ¹š³ž=½ž²=ð˙ ¹½ˇ ²=ýÞ¸ýž²=KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK OS
„Þš¹ł− ×−˝ ž³ž=ðˇ Ð=fl ךޚ¹ł− ×−˝ ž³ž=½− ¼=
ڞݚ¾ćÞ− ¼=³ˇ ²= KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK OS
ËÝš˝Šğ ýˇ =ÓÝžð½¹−Ý−ł˝ − ¼= KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK OU
„ÞŠš˝ þšÐ²=−¦ş Þž²=EËĆ ¹Ðˇ =̦ş ÞžF= KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKOV
„ÞŠš˝ þšÐ²=−¦ş Þž²=E„þ𠽚¹Ðð¸=̦ş ÞžF= KKKKKKKKKKKK PO
¿Þ−Ðłýˇ =Ú− ¼=ڞݚ¾ćÞ− ¼=Òˇ ²= KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK PP
Țн− ¼¹ł˝ š²=ÓÝ−¸ł ž³ž²=KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK PQ
ı¹¸³ž=ýš=½žÞ=̦ şÞž=³½žÞ=Ë ˇÞ− ÞÐð¸=Ê ˚³ž= KKKKPQ
Țн− ¼¹ł˝ š²=Ùğ Þž½Ðð¸²=Ëݸ³ž²LËݸ³ž²=sáÇÉç= KKKKKKK PS
Ó¹ˇłý ˇ½− ×− ˝ ž³ž=ý˝ˇ²=Ùğ Þž½Ðð¸²=Ëݸ³ž²= KKKKK PS
Úˇ₣ š˝ˇ =Ëݸ³ž= KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK PT
„סÞ˙ ðÝž³ž= KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK PU
fl ×˙ Þ½ž³ž=ý˝ˇ ²=ÙğÞž½Ðð¸²=Ëݸ³ž²= KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK PU
ÍšÞ−Ć =Ëݸ³šğ Þ=EÙğ Þž½Ðð¸=Ëݸ³žF= KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK QM
Ó¹ˇłý ˇ½− ×− ˝ ž³ž=ý˝ˇ²=Ëݸ³ž²=sáÇÉç=KKKKKKKKKKKKKKQR
NM
fl ×˙ Þ½ž³ž=³š=ý˝ˇ=Ëݸ³ž=sáÇÉç=KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK QS
ÍšÞ−Ć =Ëݸ³šğ Þ=EËݸ³ž=sáÇÉçF=KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKQT
ı¹¸³ž=½ −¼=ÍšÞ −Ć=KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK RN
ËĆ ¹Ð− =ÍšÞ−Ć =KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKRN
„гˇłğł ¸=ıˇ ¹ˇ 𽸹ğ Þ= KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK RP
flÝÝ ˇł¸=½ ğÞ=·Ý ğ³³ ćÞ=„г ˇłğł¸²= KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKRR
flÝÝ ˇł¸=½ž²=Íš¦ şŠ −¼=„г ˇłğł¸²=KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK RR
ı¹¸³ž=Ó¹ −½ Ć× ğÞ= KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK RT
È˝ ³½ˇ =„ס ¾ć Þ= KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK RV
flÝÝ ˇł¸=Ë ˇ½ ˙½ ˇþž²=ÌÞ −ý ˙½ğ Þ= KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK SM
flÝÝ ˇł¸=½ž²=È ˝³½ ˇ²=× −¼=„ý¾ ˇÞ ˝Žš½ˇÐ= KKKKKKKKKKKKKK SM
„×ÐÝ −ł ¸=½ž²=ÍÞ¸ýž²= fl× − ¦¸ðš¼³ž²=KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKSN
flÝÝ ˇł¸=Ë ˇ½ ˙½ ˇþž²=È ˝³½ ˇ²=„× ˇ¾ć Þ= KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK SN
Ó¹− ³¦¸ðž=Î˚ˇ²=„ס ¾¸²= KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK SN
Ó¹−Ł− ݸ=Èš×½− ýš¹šÐć Þ=³½Ð²=„ס¾˚²=ý− ¼=KKKKK SO
fl Þ½Ðł¹ ˇ ¾¸=ˡ ½ˇ ₣𹸳šğ Þ=È ˝ ³½ˇ ²=„ס ¾ć Þ=
ýš½ˇþĆ =Ë˙ ¹½ˇ ²=pfj=ðˇ Ð=Ò¼³ð𼏲=KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK SP
„Ć ¹š³ž=ÌÞş ýˇ ½− ²=KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK SP
Ëݸ³ž=ˇ×ş =½ž=È˝³½ˇ=„ס¾ć Þ=KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK SP
„ךþš¹łˇ³˝ˇ =ˡ½ˇ₣𠹸³šğ Þ=½ž²=È˝ ³½ˇ ²=
„ס¾ć Þ= KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK SQ
‚Ðˇł¹ ˇ ¾¸=ˡ½ˇ₣𠹸³šğ Þ=½ž²=È˝ ³½ˇ ²=
„ס¾ć Þ= KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK SQ
‚Ðˇ₣š ˝ ¹Ð³ž=Ìý˙Ў ²= KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK SR
Óš¹Ðš₣ş ýšÞˇ
fl ޽г½− ˝ ₣ž³ž=◊₣− ¼=Ë− ¼Š− ¼Þ ˝ ³ýˇ ½− ²=¸=sáÇÉç=
`äáé=Ë− ¼Š− ¼Þ˝ ³ýˇ½− ²=³š=ð˙ ¦š=ˡ½ˇ₣ć ¹ž³ž=
½ž²=È˝ ³½ˇ ²=„ס¾ć Þ=KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKSS
ˡ ½˙ ³½ˇ ³ž=ÍÞ¸ýž²=KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKST
È˝ ³½ˇ =Úˇ₣ š˝ˇ ²=Ëݸ³ž²=KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKST
fl ×− ³½ − ݸ=ý ˝ˇ ²=ˡ ½ˇ ₣ć¹ž³ž²=È ˝ ³½ˇ ²=
„ס¾ć Þ=KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKSU
ȸРž=ý˝ˇ ²=ˡ½ˇ₣ć ¹ž³ž²=È˝ ³½ˇ ²=„ס¾ć Þ= KKKKKKSV
Ùğ ½−ł ¹ˇ ¾Ðð¸=Íž₣ˇ Þ¸= KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKTM
ȸРž=Ùğ½−ł¹ˇ ¾Ðć Þ=KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKTM
„łł ¹ˇ ¾¸=sáÇÉç=`äáéë=KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKUM
ÍžÞĆýˇ ½ˇ =KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKUT
jjp= KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKUT
pjp=KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKUT
bã~áä= KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKUT
„ð×− ý׸=˼Ğ˚ Ýž²= KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKVU
ÓÝž¹−¾−¹˝ˇ =˼Ğ˚ Ýž²= KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKNMM
ÔĆ ¦ýгž=½ğ Þ=jjpLpjpLbã~áä=KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKNMN
sçÇ~ÑçåÉ=äáîÉ>= KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKNMR
„ðð˝ Þž³ž=½− ¼=t^m=_кзплЙк= KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKNMS
Уš¹Р¸ł ž³ž=³š=ý˝ˇ =³šÝ˝Šˇ =t^m=KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKNMS
jÉÇá~=mä~óÉê=KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKNNM
„Þˇ Ýݡł ¸=ýš½ˇþĆ =½−¼=jìëáÅ=mä~óÉê=ðˇÐ=½ −¼=
sáÇÉç=mä~óÉê=KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKNNM
jìëáÅ=mä~óÉê=KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKNNM
sáÇÉç=mä~óÉê= KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKNNP
Ú− =¼ÝÐðş =ý− ¼=KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKNNT
Ùğ ½−ł ¹ˇ ¾˝ š²=KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKNNU
sбЗЙзл= KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKNOQ
◊₣− Ð=C=Ë− ¼Š− ¼Þ˝³ýˇ½ˇ = KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKNOV
ȸРšÐ²=g~î~∑ = KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKNPQ
ÒšÝЊ− Šš˝ 𽚲= KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKNPU
ÌÐ=fl×− ¦žðš¼ý˚ Þš²=ÒšÝ˝ Šš²=ý− ¼= KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKNPU
Ó¹ş ½¼×ˇ =Ëš˝ ýšÞˇ=KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKNPV
¿Ýݡ =÷łł ¹ˇ ¾ˇ = KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKNQM
ȸРšÐ²=g~î~∑= KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKNQP
d~гЙл=KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKNQP
pЕкЙЙел~оЙкл=KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKNQR
Ф¼¦э˝ ³šÐ²=KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKNQS
ÓÝž¹−¾−¹˝ˇ=g~î~ ∑ = KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKNQU
„¾ˇ ¹ý−ł˚ ²=KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKNQV
Âýš¹−ÝşłÐ− = KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKNQV
ϼ×Þž½¸¹Ðˇ =KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKNRP
fl ¹Ð¦ý−ýž₣ ˇ Þ¸=KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKNRR
Â₣−ł ¹˙ ¾ž³ž=Ùğ Þ¸²= KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKNRT
Òˇ ¹ğ ½¸²=EpÅ~ååÉêF=KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKNRU
ı ¹− Þ ş ýš½¹ − = KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKNSO
„¹łˇ³˝ š²=KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKNSP
Óˇł ðş ³ýÐ− =Ô− Ýş Ð= KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKNSS
ı ¹− Þ ş ýš½¹ − = fl Þ½˝ ³½¹−¾ž²=Í ˚ ½¹ž³ž²= KKKKKKKKKKKNST
NN
Óš¹Ðš₣ş ýšÞˇ
Òžýš˝ğ ³ž=„þşŠğ Þ= KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKNSU
‡− ¸¦šÐˇ =ڞݚ¾ćÞ− ¼=KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKNSV
„¾ˇ ¹ý−ł˚ ²=pfj=KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKNTM
Ô¼¦ý˝ ³šÐ²=KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK NTN
Ó¹−¾˝ Ý= KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKNTN
ÔĆ ¦ýгž=½ž²=̦ş Þž²=KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK NTU
Ô¼¦ý˝ ³šÐ²=◊₣− ¼=KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKNUR
›¹ˇ =C=Âýš¹− ýžÞ˝ˇ=KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK NUR
ÔĆ ¦ýгž=·Ýć ³³ˇ ²=KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKNUT
Ô¼¦ý˝ ³šÐ²=Ëݸ³šğ Þ=KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKNUU
Ô¼¦ý˝ ³šÐ²=Ëݸ³šğ Þ=sáÇÉç=KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKNVR
fl ³¾˙ ÝšÐˇ =KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKNVT
Ô¼¦ý˝ ³šÐ²=ÍÞ¸ýž²= KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK OMM
„×ˇÞˇ¾− ¹˙ =Ô¼¦ý˝ ³šğ Þ= KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK OMN
fl¹₣ š ˝−=Ëݸ³š ğÞ= KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK OMO
Íš½¹ž½˚ ²=Ëݸ³šğ Þ=KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK OMP
Ëş ³½− ²=Ëݸ³šğÞ= KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKOMQ
Ò¼ÞŠš³Ðýş ½ž½ˇ = KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK OMS
_дмЙнззнЬ=KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK OMS
ЫЧ˚ ¹¼¦¹š²= KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKONO
Ô¼¦ý˝ ³šÐ²=‚Ðð½Ć− ¼= KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK ONP
Ô¼¦ý˝ ³šР²=fенЙкеЙн=KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKONS
_~ЕвмйLflÞ˙ 𽞳ž= KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK OOM
ÒĆ ÞŠš³ž=½− ¼=VMOpe=ýš=½− Þ=Û×− Ý−ł г½¸=Òˇ ²= KKKKKKKKKK OOP
fl× ˇÐ½¸³šÐ²=Ò¼³½¸ýˇ½− ²=KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK OOP
NO
Íş Ю½šэ=dmop=PdLdpj=KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKOOQ
e~еЗлЙн=j~е~ЦЙк= KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK OOR
„ł ðˇ ½˙ ³½ˇ ³ž=È−łÐ³ýÐð−Ć =KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK OOR
fl Þ½Ðýš½ć×гž=Ó¹−Ł Ýžý˙½ğ Þ= KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK OOT
Û×− Šš˝ þšÐ²=fl ³¾ˇ Ýš˝ˇ ²=ðˇ Ð=⁄¹− Ð=ı ¹¸³ž²= KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK OOV
ÌÔÌÁ=ı ФВТВТ=KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK OOV
У„ФБ‡fl ИИМО=KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK OPR
УФМЩЫИfl Ï„ÁÒ=Òı „ÚÁËfl =Í„=ÚÂ=ı ÔÂÒÂ=Ò„=
Ìı ÂÍfl Úfl = KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK OPS
p^o=KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK OPT
УФМЩЫИfl Ï„ÁÒ=·Áfl=ıÔÂÒÂ=ÒÚÁÒ=ÂÓfl =KKKKKKKKKKKK OPU
Úš ₣ ÞÐð ˙= ıˇ ¹ ˇ 𽞹г½Ðð ˙ =ð ˇÐ=Ó¹ −ˇ йš½Ðð ˙=
ˇþš³ −¼ ˙¹=KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK OQO
Úš₣ ÞÐð˙=ıˇ¹ˇ 𽞹г½Ðð˙ =KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK OQO
Ó¹−ˇ йš½Ðð˙=ˇ þš³−¼˙ ¹=KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKOQO
„¼¹š½¸¹Ð− =KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK OQP
È˝ ³½ˇ =½ğ Þ=Țн− ¼¹ł Ðć Þ=ÍšÞ−Ć =KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK OQU
Ú−=ÚžÝ˚¾ ğÞş=³ ˇ²
Óˇ ¹ˇ ðˇ Ý−Ć ýšI=šÝ˚ł þ½š=×¹− ³šð½Ðð˙ =½ˇ =ס ¹ˇ ð˙ ½ğ K=Ú− =×ݸ¹š²=ˇ Þ½Ððš˝ ýšÞ−=
ס ¹˙ Š− ³ž²=½− ¼=½žÝš¾ć Þ− ¼=³ˇ ²=×¹˚ ךÐ=Þˇ =ך¹Ð˚₣ šÐ=½ˇ =šþ¸²W
≥
ÚžÝ ˚¾ğÞ −=Pd=ErjqpFLdpjVMMLNUMMNVMMLdomp
≥
Í× ˇ½ ˇ ¹ ˝ˇ =Á şÞ½ ğÞ=ÈЦ ˝−¼
≥
Ë˙ ݼ””ˇ =Íס ½ˇ ¹˝ˇ ²
≥
Ù −¹½Ð³½¸=šÞ ˇ ÝÝ ˇ ³³ şýšÞ −¼=¹š Ćý ˇ ½ −²=E^`F
≥
Ò½š¹š −¾ ğ ÞÐð ş=fl ð − ¼³½Ðð ş
≥
Í −Þ ˙ Š ˇ =ÍÐð¹ −¾ ćÞ −¼=Ù −¹ž½ ćÞ= fl ð −¼³½Ðð ćÞ
≥
`aJolj
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Ë˙ ¹½ˇ =ÍÞ¸ýž²=pa
≥
Ë ˇ Ý ćŠÐ −=sáÇÉç
13
ÏšðÐÞć Þ½ˇ²
NK flð−¼³½Ððş
OK Óݸ ð ½¹ˇ=ÓÝ−¸łž³ž²=EÓݸ𽹠ˇ=‡˚Ý− ¼²FW
a=b=c=d
ÓÝ¸ð½¹ˇ=Ł ˚Ý− ¼²=„×˙Þğ L
Ë˙ ½ğ W
fl ¹Ð³½š¹ ş=×ݸð½¹−=
Ł˚Ý −¼²W
‚šþ ˝ =×ݸ𽹠−= Ł ˚Ý − ¼²W „ý¾ ˇÞ ˝ ŽšÐ=½ −=ýžÞÐ ˇ˝−=žýš¹ − Ý şł Ð − = ş ½ˇ Þ=× ˇ ½ž¦š ˝ =³½žÞ=
PK ËšÞ½ ¹Ððş=×ݸð½¹−W
QK fl ¹Ð³½š¹ş =×ݸð½¹−=
šÝ˚ ł₣− ¼W
A
RK Óݸ ð ½¹−=fl ×−³½−ݸ²L
„סÞ˙ ðÝž³ž²W
D
SK Óݸ ð ½¹−=Ò¼Þ½şýš¼³ž²W SÓÐ˚ ³½š=łÐˇ =Þˇ =ˇ Þ −˝ þš½š=½− =ýšÞ−Ć =³¼Þ½− ýšĆ ³šğ Þ=ć ³½š=
TK Óݸ ð ½¹−=ڞݚ¾ğÞž½¸W GÓÐ˚ ³½š=ðˇ Ð=ð¹ˇ ½¸³½š=×К³ý˚Þ− = ˇ ¼½ş =½− =×ݸð½¹−= łÐˇ =Þˇ =
UK Óݸ ð ½¹−L *=„Þˇ Ýݡł ¸²WP„Þˇ ÝÝ˙ ³³šÐ=½− Þ=½Ć× − =½ğ Þ=₣ˇ¹ ˇ 𽸹ğ Þ=ýš½ˇþĆ =
14
Íš½ˇ ðÐÞ−Ć Þ=½− =й−ý ˚ˇ =ł Ðˇ =½− =ýˇ ¹ð˙ ¹Ð³ýˇ =šÞş ²=³½−Ð₣š˝ − ¼=½− ¼=ýšÞ−Ć =
ðÝ×K
„ý¾ˇÞ˝ ŽšÐ=½ž=È˝ ³½ˇ=„ס¾ć Þ=ş ½ˇÞ=ס½ž¦š˝=³½žÞ=
ðˇ ½˙ ³½ˇ ³ž=Jˇ Þˇ ý− Þ¸²K
„ý¾ˇÞ˝ ŽšÐ=½ˇ =šÐ³š¹₣şýšÞˇ =ýžÞĆýˇ ½ˇ =ş½ˇ Þ=ס ½ž¦š˝=
³½žÞ=ðˇ½˙ ³½ˇ ³ž=ˇÞˇý− Þ¸²K
ðˇ ½˙ ³½ˇ ³ž=ˇ Þˇ ý− Þ¸²K
„ý¾ˇÞ˝ Žš½ˇ Ð=½− =ËĆ ¹Ð−=ýšÞ−Ć=ş½ˇ Þ=ס ½ž¦š˝ =³½žÞ=
ðˇ ½˙ ³½ˇ ³ž=ˇ Þˇ ý− Þ¸²I=³½ž=³¼Þ˚₣ šÐˇ=šð½šÝš˝½ˇ Ð=ž=
ýˇ ¹ðˇ ¹Ð³ý˚ Þž=ݚн−¼¹ł˝ˇ K
„ð½šÝš˝ =½ž =Ý š Ð ½ − ¼¹ł˝ˇ =× − ¼=šý¾ˇÞ˝ Žš½ˇ Ð=ð˙½ğ =ˇ¹Ð³½š¹˙=
³½žÞ=−¦ş ÞžK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=³½žÞ=ðˇ½˙³½ˇ ³ž=ˇÞˇý− Þ¸²=ł Ðˇ =Þˇ =šý¾ˇÞ˝ ³š½š=
½žÞ=−¦ş Þž=ÍžÞ¼ý˙½ğÞK
Ó¹ˇłý ˇ½− ×− К˝ =¸=Š˚₣ 𽎠Ð=ðݸ³šÐ²I=šý¾ˇÞ˝ ŽšÐ=½žÞ=
− ¦ş Þž=?⁄Ýš²= − Ð=ðݸ³šÐ²?=³½žÞ=ðˇ½˙ ³½ ˇ ³ž= ˇÞˇ ý − Þ¸²K
Þˇ =ˇ ×− 𽸳š½š=×¹ş ³Łˇ ³ž=³½Ð²=𾎠¹ý−ł˚ ²=×− ¼=
š×Ц¼ýš˝ ½šK
³¼ÞŠš¦š˝ ½š=ˇ ¼½şýˇ ½ˇ =ýš=½− =Ë˚Þ½¹−=½žÝš¾ğÞž½¸K=
E„þˇ ¹½˙½ˇ Ð=ˇ×ş =½žÞ=ð˙ ¹½ˇ =pfjKF
½š³³˙¹ğ Þ=š×ÐÝ−łć ÞW=^ÄÅI=^_`I=NOP=ðˇÐ=~ÄÅ=³½žÞ=
− ¦ş Þž=šÐ³ˇ łğł ¸²=ðšÐý˚Þ − ¼K
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=łÐˇ =Þˇ =šÐ³ˇ ł˙ ł š½š=mI=\I=
ˇ Þˇ ý− Þ¸²K
–
=¸=*=³½žÞ=ðˇ½˙ ³½ˇ ³ž=
1
10
11
2
3
4
5
6
7
12
13
14
15
16
8
9
VK ÍÐð¹ ş¾ğ Þ−
NMK ‡− ž¦ž½Ðð¸=Ùğ½−ł¹ˇ ¾Ðð¸=Íž₣ˇ Þ¸=E„³ğ ½š¹Ðð¸=Ù ğ½−ł ¹ˇ ¾Ðð¸=Íž₣ˇ Þ¸F
NNK ËĆ ¹Ðˇ =̦ş Þž
NOK ÍÐð¹ş¾ğÞ− =EłÐˇ =½ž=₣ ¹¸³ž=½ž²=−¦ş Þž²=ğ ²=−¦ş Þž²=×¹−Ł− ݸ²FK
NPK ‚šþ˝ =Óݸð½¹− =„Ý˚ ł₣− ¼W
C
„ð½šÝš˝ =½ž=ݚн− ¼¹ł˝ˇ =×− ¼=šý¾ˇÞ˝ Žš½ˇ Ð=ð˙½ğ =ŠšþÐ˙=
³½žÞ=−¦ş ÞžK
ı¹ž³Ðý −× −К ˝½ ˇÐ=łÐˇ=½ ž =³ ĆÞŠš³ž=ýš=½− =?s ç Ç ~ Ñ ç å É =ä á î É > ? =
ˇÞ− ˝ł−Þ½ ˇ²=½ −Ю=ДкзплЙкK=УР ˚³½š=³½žÞ=ð ˇ½ ˙³½ ˇ³ž==
ˇÞ ˇý− Þ¸²K
NQK Óݸð½¹− =Úš¹ ý ˇ ½Ð³ý−Ć =ð ˇ Ð=
„Þš¹ł− ×−˝ž³ž²L
fl ךޚ¹ł− × −˝ž³ž²W
Úš¹ýˇ½˝ ŽšÐ=ý˝ˇ =ðݸ³ž=ðˇ Ð=šÞš¹ł− ×− К˝ Lˇ×šÞš¹ł− ×− К˝=
½− =½žÝ˚ ¾ğ Þ− K
F
NRK Óݸð½¹− =‚Ðˇł¹ ˇ ¾¸²L
„×г½¹− ¾¸²W
‚Ðˇł¹ ˙ ¾šÐ=½−=₣ˇ¹ˇ 𽸹ˇ =×¹ÐÞ=ˇ×ş =½− =й− ý˚ˇ I=
š×г½¹˚ ¾šÐ=³½žÞ=×¹−žł−Ć ýšÞž=−¦ş Þž=ðÝ×K
U
NSK Óݸð½¹− =Ó− ݼý˚³ğ ÞW EflÞ− ˝łšÐ=½žÞ= −¦ şÞž=½ −¼=jÉÇá~=mä~óÉêK
ÏšðÐÞć Þ½ˇ²
15
ÏšðÐÞć Þ½ˇ²
NTK ÓÝžð½¹−ÝşłÐ−W
Óݸð½¹− =NW= Ò¼Þ½ş ýš¼³ž=łÐˇ =½−=Ë˚Þ½¹ −=½žÝš¾ğÞž½¸K=E„þˇ¹½˙½ˇÐ=
ÓÝ¸ð½¹ˇ =OJVW ÓÐ˚ ³½š=ðˇ Ð=ð¹ˇ ½¸³½š=×К³ý˚Þˇ =³½žÞ=ðˇ½˙ ³½ˇ ³ž=
Óݸð½¹− =MW ÓÐ˚ ³½š=ðˇ Ð=ð¹ˇ ½¸³½š=×К³ý˚Þ− =ł Ðˇ =Þˇ =šÐ³ˇł ˙ł š½š=HK
NUK @LÓݸð½¹− =Ùݡ ²W
R
ˇ ׺ =½žÞ=ð ˙ ¹½ˇ =pfjKF=ÓÐ˚ ³½š=ðˇÐ=ð¹ˇ ½¸³½š=×К³ý˚Þ− =
³½žÞ=ðˇ½˙ ³½ˇ ³ž=ˇÞˇý− Þ¸²K=
ˇ Þˇ ý− Þ¸²= ł Ð ˇ =Þˇ =šý¾ˇ Þ˝ ³š½š=ð˙ ¦š= ˇ ¹Ð¦ý ş =½ ˇ₣š ˝ˇ ²=
ðݸ³ž²K=
„Þˇ ÝÝ˙ ³³šÐ=½ˇ =³ĆýŁ−ݡ =−¦ş Þž²=³½žÞ=−¦ş Þž=
šÐ³ˇłğł ¸²=ðšÐý˚Þ− ¼K
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=ðˇ Ð=ð¹ˇ ½¸³½š=×К³ý˚Þ− =ł Ðˇ =šÞˇ Ýݡł ¸=½ğ Þ=
ł Ýğ ³³ć Þ=³½žÞ=− ¦ş Þž=šÐ³ˇ łğł ¸²=ðšÐý˚Þ − ¼K
„Þš¹ł− ×− К˝ =ðˇ Ð=ˇ ךޚ¹ł−×− К˝ =½− =¾Ýˇ ²Lšþ𠽚¹Ððş =
¾ğ ½Ð³ýş =³½ž=ݚн− ¼¹ł˝ˇ =¾ğ ½−ł ¹ˇ ¾Ðð¸²=ýž₣ˇ Þ¸²K
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=ðˇ Ð=ð¹ˇ ½¸³½š=×К³ý˚Þ− =³½žÞ=ðˇ½˙ ³½ˇ ³ž=
ˇ Þˇ ý− Þ¸²= ł Ð ˇ =šÞˇ Ýݡ ł¸=ýš½ ˇ þĆ =½ ğ Þ=¹¼¦ý ˝ ³šğÞ=½− ¼=
Ó¹−¾˝ Ý=×− ¼=šÞš¹ł− ×−и¦žðš==×Ð−=×¹ş³¾ˇ½ˇ=ðˇÐ=½ −¼=
Ó¹−¾˝ Ý=ÒÐğ מݺK
17
18
16
ÏšðÐÞć Þ½ˇ²
19
20
24
25
21
22
23
NVK Ùğ½−ł¹ˇ ¾Ðð¸=Íž₣ˇ Þ¸=E„þ𠽚¹Ðð¸=Ùğ½−ł ¹ˇ ¾Ðð¸=Íž₣ˇ Þ¸F
OMK ‡− ž¦ž½Ðð¸=̦ş Þž
ONK „Þ³ğýˇ ½ğý˚ ÞžJ Ëš¹ˇ˝ˇ W
OOK ȼ₣Þ˝ˇ =ËÐÞž½−ĆW
OPK Ë˙ ݼýýˇ =Íס½ˇ¹˝ˇ²
OQK Û×−Š−₣ ¸=sfabl=lrq=E÷þ−Š− ²=¸₣−¼FLÒĆ ÞŠš³ž ²=ÍÐð¹−¾ćÞ− ¼=Ù− ¹ž½ć Þ=
fl ð− ¼³½Ðð ć Þ
ORK „þ𠽚¹Ðð¸=Û×−Š−₣ ¸W
OSK Ò½š¹š−¾ğ ÞÐð˙ =ž₣š˝ˇ
Ó¹− šÐŠ−×−˝ ž³žW=ÍžÞ=ðˇÝĆ ×½š½š=½− =š×˙Þğ =ý˚¹− ²=½− ¼=
½žÝš¾ćÞ− ¼=ýš=½−=₣˚ ¹Ð=³ˇ ²=ş½ˇÞ=½−=₣¹ž³Ðý−×−К ˝½š=łÐ ˇ½˝=
ý×− ¹š˝ =Þˇ =š×ž¹š˙ ³šÐ=½žÞ=ˇ×ş Š− ³ž=½ž²=šÞ³ğ ýˇ½ğ ý˚ Þž²=
ðš¹ˇ˝ˇ ²K
ı ¹ž³Ðý−×− К ˝ ½ˇ Ð=ğ²=¾Ý ˇ ²=¸=ğ²=šþ𠽚¹Ðð ş ²=¾ ğ ½Ð³ý ş ²=
³½ž=ݚн− ¼¹ł˝ˇ =Ğ ž¾Ðˇ ð¸²=¾ğ½−ł¹ˇ ¾Ðð¸²=ýž₣ˇ Þ¸²K
ı ¹ž³Ðý−×− К ˝ ½ˇ Ð=łÐ ˇ =½ž=³ĆÞŠš³ž=½− ¼=¾− ¹½Ð³½¸=¸=½− ¼=
ðˇ Ýğ Š˝− ¼=ý𽎠¾− ¹˙ ²=ŠšŠ− ý˚ Þğ Þ=rp_K
26
17
ÏšðÐÞć Þ½ˇ²
OTK Êùˇ =¼×˚ ¹¼¦¹ğ ÞW
OUK Ë˙ ݼýýˇ =¼×−Š−₣ ¸²=ð˙ ¹½ˇ ²=ýÞ¸ýž²
OVK ÍÐð¹¸=ȼ₣Þ˝ˇW=
PMK ÓÝš¼¹Ðð˙ =×Ý¸ð½¹ˇ =E„×˙Þğ LË˙½ğ LÙğ ½−ł ¹ˇ¾Ðð¸=Íž₣ ˇÞ¸LflðĆ ¹ğ ³žFW
ÓÝš¼¹Ðð˙ =ÓÝ¸ð½¹ˇ=
J„×˙Þğ JLË˙½ğ W
Óݸð½¹− =Ùğ½−ł¹ˇ ¾Ðð¸²=
ýž₣ˇ Þ¸²W=
18
Ò½ ˚ÝÞšÐ=ð ˇÐ=Ý ˇýŁ ˙ ÞšÐ=ŠšŠ −ý˚Þ ˇ=ý ˚³ ğ =¼× ˚¹¼¦¹ ğ ÞK
ı¹ž³Ðý −× −К ˝½ ˇÐ= ğ²= ˚ÞŠšÐþž=¾ ş¹½Ð³ž²=½ž²=ýס½ ˇ¹ ˝ˇ²K
E fl ¼½ ˙ =½ ˇ =Š Ć−=×ݸ𽹠ˇ =ݚн −¼¹ ł−ĆÞ= ˇ Þ ˙ × −Š ˇ = ş½ ˇ Þ=ž=
−¦ şÞž= ٹ˝ ³ð𽎠Ð=³½ž=¦˚ ³ž=×¹−Ł−ݸ²KF
Íš½ˇ ðÐÞš˝ =½− =ýˇ ¹ðˇ ¹Ð³ý˚Þ− =³½−Ð₣š˝ − =š×˙Þğ =¸=ð˙½ğ K
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=³½žÞ=ðˇ½˙ ³½ˇ ³ž=ˇÞˇý− Þ¸²=¸=ðˇ½˙ =½ž=ŠÐ˙ ¹ðšÐˇ=
ý˝ˇ ²=ðݸ³ž²=ł Ðˇ =ˇ ¼þ¸³š½š=¸=Þˇ =ýšÐć ³š½š=½žÞ=˚ Þ½ˇ ³ž=
½− ¼=ˇ ð− ¼³½Ðð−Ć K
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=³½ž=ݚн− ¼¹ł˝ˇ =¾ğ½−ł¹ˇ ¾Ðð¸²=ýž₣ˇ Þ¸²=łÐˇ =Þˇ=
ˇ ¼þ¸³š½š=¸=Þˇ =ýšÐć ³š½š=½ − =š× ˝ ×šŠ − =òççãK
„ý¾ˇÞ˝ Žš½ˇ Ð=½− =ËĆ ¹Ð−=ýšÞ−Ć=ş½ˇ Þ=×К³½š˝ =³½žÞ=
ðˇ ½˙ ³½ˇ ³ž=ˇ Þˇ ý− Þ¸²=ðˇ ÐI=³½ž=³¼Þ˚₣ šÐˇ I=šð½šÝš˝½ˇ Ð=ž=
ýˇ ¹ðˇ ¹Ð³ý˚ Þž=ݚн−¼¹ł˝ˇ K=
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=ðˇÐ=ð¹ˇ ½¸³½š=×К³ý˚Þ− =łÐˇ =Þˇ =šÞš¹ł−×−и³š½š=
½ž=¾ğ½−ł¹ˇ ¾Ðð¸=ýž₣ˇ Þ¸K
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=ðˇ Ð=ð¹ˇ ½¸³½š=×К³ý˚Þ− =ł Ðˇ =Þˇ =šý¾ˇÞ˝ ³š½š=½−=
ýšÞ−Ć =„×ÐÝ−ł˚ ²K
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=ðˇ½˙ =½ž=ŠÐ˙¹ðšÐˇ=ý˝ˇ ²=šÐ³š¹₣ş ýšÞž²=ðݸ³ž²=
ł Ðˇ =Þ ˇ = ˇ × ˇ Þ½¸³š½š=³½žÞ=ðݸ³žK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=ðˇ½˙ =½ž=ŠÐ˙¹ðšÐˇ=ý˝ˇ ²=ðݸ³ž²=łÐˇ =Þˇ =
šý¾ˇÞ˝ ³š½š=½Ð²=„×ÐÝ−ł˚ ²=ðݸ³ž²K
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=³½Ðł ýÐˇ˝ˇ =ł Ðˇ =Þˇ =?ðÝšÐŠć ³š½š?=½žÞ=š³½˝ˇ ³ž=³½ž=
ݚн− ¼¹ł˝ˇ =¾ğ½−ł¹ˇ ¾Ðð¸²=ýž₣ˇ Þ¸²K
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=Eðˇ Ð=ð¹ˇ ½¸³½š=×К³ý˚Þ− F=ł Ðˇ =Þˇ=½¹ˇŁ ¸þš½š=ý˝ˇ =
¾ğ ½−ł ¹ˇ ¾˝ˇ =ýš=½ž=¾ğ ½−ł ¹ˇ ¾Ðð¸=ýž₣ˇ Þ¸K
27
28
29
30
ÏšðÐÞć Þ½ˇ²
Óݸð½¹−=fl ðĆ¹ğ ³ž²W=
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=łÐˇ =Þˇ =š×г½¹˚ Ğ š½š=³½žÞ=×¹−žł−Ć ýšÞž=−¦ş ÞžK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=ðˇ Ð=ð¹ˇ ½¸³½š=×К³ý˚Þ− =ł Ðˇ =Þˇ=ˇ×− ¹¹˝Ğ š½š=ý˝ˇ =
šÐ³š¹₣ş ýšÞž=ðݸ³žK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=ðˇ½˙ =½ž=ŠÐ˙ ¹ðšÐˇ =ý˝ˇ ²=šÐ³š¹₣ş ýšÞž²=ðݸ³ž²=łÐˇ =Þˇ =
³½š˝ Ýš½š=½− Þ=½şÞ−=ˇ ס ³₣−Ýžý˚Þ − ¼=³½− Þ=ðˇÝ −Ć Þ½ˇK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=łÐˇ =Þˇ =½š¹ýˇ ½˝ ³š½š=½žÞ=ðݸ³žK
19
ÏšðÐÞć Þ½ˇ²
Ú− ×− ¦˚ ½ž³ž=½ž²=Ë˙ ¹½ˇ ²=pfj=ðˇ Ð=½ž²=Íס ½ˇ ¹˝ˇ ²
NK
ÒĆ ¹š½š=ðˇ Ð=ˇ ¾ˇ й˚ ³½š=½− =ð˙ ݼýýˇ =½ž²=ýס ½ˇ ¹˝ˇ ²=E FK
OK
ÒĆ ¹š½š=ðˇ Ð=½− ×− ¦š½¸³½š= ½žÞ=ð˙ ¹½ˇ =pfj=³½žÞ=¼×−Š−₣ ¸=ð˙ ¹½ˇ ²=pfjK
PK
˹ˇ ½¸³½š=½žÞ=ýס½ˇ ¹˝ˇ =˚½³ÐI=ć ³½š=− Ð=ý𽎠ÝÝÐð−˝=ˇ ð¹−Š˚ 𽚲=½ž²=ýס½ˇ¹˝ˇ ²=Þˇ =
?ð− н˙Ž− ¼Þ?=×¹− ²=½ˇ =ð˙½ğI=³Ć ¹š½š=½− ¼²=− Šžł−ò=×− ¼=ٹ˝ ³ð− Þ½ˇÐ=³½− =š×˙Þğ =
ý˚ ¹− ²=½ž²=ýס½ˇ¹˝ˇ ²=³½Ð²=ˇ Þ½˝ ³½−Ð₣ š²= ¼×−Š−₣˚²= I=³½ž=³¼Þ˚ ₣šÐˇ=½ −×−¦š½¸³½š=
½žÞ= K
QK
Ú− ×− ¦š½¸³½š=×˙ ÝÐ=½− =ð˙ ݼýýˇ =½ž²=ýס½ˇ¹˝ˇ ²K
Òžýš˝ğ ³ž
≥
‡š ŁˇÐ ğ ¦š ˝ ½š= ş½Ð= ₣¹ž³Ðý −× − К ˝ ½š=ý şÞ − Þ=ð˙ ¹½š²=pfj=½ ğÞ=PsK
≥
‡šŁˇÐ 𠦚˝ ½š=ş ½Ð=₣ ¹ž³Ð”−×− К˝ ½š=½ž=”ס½ˇ¹˝ˇ =½− ¼=َ ³Ðð−Ć =šþ− ×Ýг”−Ć =
EukJN_qVMFK
20
1
2
Ë˙ ¹½ˇ =pfj
4
3
ÏšðÐÞć Þ½ˇ²
1
2
3
4
fl ¾ˇ˝ ¹š³ž=½ž²=Ë˙ ¹½ˇ ²=pfj=ðˇ Ð=½ž²=Íס½ˇ ¹˝ˇ ²
NK
‡šŁˇÐ 𠦚˝ ½š=ş ½Ð=½− =½žÝ˚¾ğ Þ− =š˝Þˇ Ð=šÞš¹ł−×− Оý˚ Þ− =ðˇ Ð=ş ½Ð=−=¾− ¹½Ð³½¸²=ðˇ Ð=½ˇ=
˙ Ýݡ =ˇ þš³−¼ ˙ ¹=˚ ₣−¼Þ=ˇ×− ³¼ÞŠš¦š ˝ K=ÒĆ ¹š½š=ð ˇ Ð= ˇ¾ˇ й ˚ ³½š=½ − =ð ˙ ݼýý ˇ =½ž²=
ýס½ˇ¹˝ˇ ²=E FK
OK
fl Þˇ ³žðć³½š=½žÞ=ý× ˇ ½ˇ ¹˝ˇ =ˇ ׺=½žÞ=×¹− šþ−₣ ¸=ðˇÐ=ˇ ¾ˇ й˚³½š=½žÞ=ˇ ׺ =½ − =
½žÝ˚¾ğ Þ−K
PK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=×¹− ²=½ˇ =ð˙½ğ =×¹− ³šð½Ðð˙ == š Þć=³¼ł₣¹şÞğ²=³×¹ć₣Þš½š=½žÞ=ð˙ ¹½ˇ=pfj=
˚þğ = ˇ×ş=½žÞ=¼×−Š −₣ ¸=½ž²=ð˙¹½ˇ²=pfj=E FK
fl׺ ¹¹ÐĞ ž=½ž²=Íס½ ˇ¹ ˝ˇ²
Â=³¼³ðš¼¸=½¹−¾−Š− ½š˝½ˇ Ð=ˇ×ş =½ž=ýס½ˇ¹˝ˇ K=Óˇ¹ˇðˇÝ−Ć ýšI=ŠÐˇŁ ˙ ³½š=½ˇ =ס¹ˇð˙½ğ =
³½−Ð₣š˝ˇ =×− ¼=ˇ¾− ¹ −Ć Þ=³½žÞ=ˇ×ş ¹¹ÐĞ ž=½ž²=ýס½ˇ¹˝ˇ ²=×¹− ðšÐý˚Þ− ¼=Þˇ=
×¹− ³½ˇ½˚Ğ š½š=½− =ך¹ÐŁ˙ ÝÝ− ÞW
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21
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22
ÏšðÐÞ ć Þ½ ˇ²
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ÏšðÐÞ ć Þ½ ˇ²
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24
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25
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26
ÏšðÐÞć Þ½ˇ²
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27
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28
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WÓš¹Ðˇłğł¸=šð½ş²=½−¼=ŠÐð½Ć−¼
OK W Țн− ¼¹ł˝ˇ =šð½ş ²=³Ć ÞŠš³ž²=xšÞš¹ł−×−˝ ž³žz
PK W fl Þ½ˇ Ýݡł ¸=ŠšŠ−ý˚ Þğ Þ=ýš=šþ𠽚¹Ðð¸=³¼³ðš¼¸
QK L W ÒĆ ÞŠš³ž=ýš=½− =ŠÐˇð− ýг½¸=x×¹ˇłý ˇ½− ×− ˝ ž³žLš×Ðð− ÐÞğÞ˝ˇ z
RK W Ë˙ ¹½ˇ =ýÞ¸ýž²=½−×− ¦š½žý˚ Þž
SK L W Ùğ Þž½Ðð¸=ðݸ³ž=xšÐ³š¹₣ş ýšÞžL³š=šþ˚ ÝÐþžz
TK L L W
Țн− ¼¹ł˝ˇ =š×Ðð− ÐÞğÞ ˝ˇ ²=рЭ¸³ž²=обЗЙз=šЮš¹ł¸
UK W ÌÐ=šð½¹−×˚ ²=˚ ₣− ¼Þ=¹¼¦ýг½š˝ =³š=?Ùğ Þ¸½K=Ëݸ³šÐ²?=ˇ×ş =?⁄Ýš²=−Ð=
ðݸ³šÐ²?
VK W „ý¾ˇÞ˝ Žš½ˇ Ð=ý˝ˇ =ˇ ³¾ˇ ݸ²=³šÝ˝Šˇ =t^m
NMK L L W „Њ−×− и³šÐ²=xł¹ˇ ×½ş =ý¸Þ¼ýˇ Lý¸Þ¼ýˇ =×− ݼý˚³ğ ÞLÉJã~áäz
29
ÏšðÐÞć Þ½ˇ²
N N K LLLLLW
ˡ ½˙ ³½ˇ ³ž=³Ć ÞŠš³ž²
xðˇÝć ŠÐ− =rp_LÛ×˚ ¹¼¦¹š²=„Þš¹ł˚²Lˇ Þ½ˇ Ýݡł ¸=×Ýž¹−¾−¹ÐćÞ=ý˚³ ğ=
_дмЙнззнЬ
¼×˚ ¹¼¦¹ğ ÞL¹Ć ¦ýгž=
=xšÞš¹ł− ×−˝ ž³ž=E³½žÞ=ðˇ½˙ ³½ˇ ³ž=
ˇ Þˇ ý− Þ¸²=¸=šð½ ş ²=½ž²=ð ˇ ½˙ ³½ˇ ³ž²=ˇÞˇ ý− Þ¸²FL ˇ Þ½ˇ Ýݡ ł¸=
×Ýž¹−¾− ¹Ðć ÞLš×Ðð− ÐÞğÞ ˝ˇ =ýš=½−=ˇ ð− ¼³½Ððş =_дмЙнззнЬzz
NOK L W „¾ˇ ¹ý−ł ¸=g~î~∑ =xş½ˇ Þ=šð½šÝš˝ ½ˇ Ð=E˚ł₣ ¹ğ ý− FL³š=ˇÞˇ ³½− ݸ=Eł ð¹ÐFz
NPK Ehˇý˝ˇ=˚ Þ Š š Ð þ ž F LLLLLW
Ú¹˚₣− Þ=×¹−¾˝ Ý=xˡ Þ− ÞÐðş LÒ¼Þ˙ Þ½ž³žL‚¹ˇ ³½ž¹Ðş ½ž½ˇLfl ¼½−ð˝ Þž½−L
fl ð− ¼³½Ðð ş LÒÐ ğ ×žÝ ş z
N Q K LLLLW
ÔĆ ¦ýгž=³Ðğ מÝ−Ć LŠş Þž³ž²=x³Ðğ מݺLˇ Ćþž³ž=˚Þ½ˇ³ž²LŠ şÞž³ž=
šÞš¹ł− ×− Оý˚ ÞžL³Ðğמݺ=ðˇÐ=Š şÞž³ž=šÞš¹ł−×−Оý˚Þž=Lˇ Ćþž³ž=
˚ Þ½ˇ ³ž²=ðˇ Ð=ŠşÞž³ž=šÞš¹ł− × − Оý ˚ Þžz
NRK L L W Țн− ¼¹ł˝ˇ =ž₣š˝ − ¼=xˇÞ− Ðð½¸=³¼Þ− ýÐÝ˝ˇ =L=ýÐð ¹ş¾ğÞ− =šÞš¹ł−×− Оý˚ Þ− =
L=ýÐð¹ş¾ğÞ− =³š=³˝ł ˇ ³žz
NSK L L L W=
Ò½˙ ¦ýž=¾ş ¹½Ð³ž²=ýס½ˇ¹˝ˇ ²=x×ݸ¹ž²=¾ş ¹½Ð³žL³¼Þг½˙½ˇ Ð=¾ş ¹½Ð³žL
ˇ ס Ð½š˝ ½ˇ Ð=¾ş¹½Ð³žL ˙ ŠšÐˇ =ýס ½ˇ ¹˝ˇ z
NTK W ȼ₣Þ˝ˇ =ðÐÞž½−Ć =šÞš¹ł¸
NUK W Âý𹏳Ð− =þ¼×Þž½¸¹Ð=šÞš¹łş
NVK L W „Þš¹ł− ×−˝ ž³ž=ðˇ½ˇ₣ć¹ž³ž²=₣¹−Þ−ŠÐ ˇł¹ ˙ýýˇ½− ²=xýšL₣ğ ¹˝ ²=
šÐŠ−×−˝ ž³ž=¼×šÞ¦Ć ýгž²z
OMK W Ò½ˇ =„þš¹₣ş ýšÞˇ =ך¹Ð˚ ₣− Þ½ˇ Ð=ýž=³½ˇ Ýý˚Þˇ =ýžÞĆ ýˇ ½ˇ =xł ¹ˇ ×½ş =
ý¸Þ¼ýˇ L×− ݼý˚³ˇ LÉJã~áäz
30
ÏšðÐÞć Þ½ˇ²
ONK L L W „Њ−×− и³šÐ²=¹¼¦ý˝³šğÞ=t^mLlq^=x„Њ−×−˝ ž³ž=t^mL„Њ−×−˝ ž³ž=
Ý¸Ğ ž²=lq^L„Њ− ×− и³šÐ²=t^m=ðˇ Ð=Ý¸Ğ ž²=lq^z
OOK W „Њ−×−˝ ž³ž=ýžÞĆýˇ ½− ²=½žÝš¾ğ Þž½¸
OPK W ˡ½˙ ³½ˇ ³ž=³Ć ÞŠš³ž²=xӹ㠽žI=š×Ðð− ÐÞğÞ ˝ˇ =ý˚³ğ =¼×˚ ¹¼¦¹ğ Þ=
xšÞš¹ł ¸=L=ˇ Þ½ˇ Ýݡł¸=×Ýž¹−¾− ¹Ðć Þzz
OQK W ËÝš˝Šğ ýˇ =ڞݚ¾ćÞ− ¼=šÞš¹łş
ORK W ËÝš˝Šğ ýˇ =ÓÝžð½¹−Ý−ł˝ − ¼=šÞš¹łş
OSK LEðšÞş FW ÔĆ ¦ýгž=¼×˚ ¹¼¦¹ğ Þ=xšÞš¹łş Lýž=šÞš¹łşz
OTK NOWMMW Ô−ÝşÐ
OUK MNKMNKMRW Âýš¹− ýžÞ˝ˇ
OVK E⁄Þ− ýˇ =ס¹−₣ ˚ˇ =ŠÐð½Ć− ¼F
PMK EÓÝž¹−¾−¹˝ˇ =„ð×− ý׸²=˼Ğ˚ Ýž²F
„ÞŠš˝ þšÐ²=Óݸð½¹ğ Þ=„Ý˚ł₣− ¼
·Ðˇ =Þˇ =šð½šÝ˚ ³š½š=½žÞ=šÞ˚¹ł šÐˇ =×− ¼=š×гžýˇ˝ Þš½ˇ ÐI=×Ð˚ ³½š=½−=ˇ Þ½˝ ³½−Ð₣− =×ݸð½¹−K
PNK Óš¹Ð−₣ ¸=³½žÞ=ð˙½ğ =ˇ ¹Ð³½š¹¸=×Ýš¼¹˙=½ž²=−¦ş Þž²W
„ý¾ˇÞ˝ ŽšÐ=½žÞ=šÞ˚¹ł šÐˇ =×− ¼=šð½šÝš˝½ˇ Ð=ýš=½−=ˇ ¹Ð³½š¹ş =×ݸð½¹−=
šÝ˚ ł₣− ¼K
POK Óš¹Ð−₣ ¸=³½žÞ=ð˙½ğ =ŠšþÐ˙ =×Ýš¼¹˙ =½ž²=−¦ş Þž²W
„ý¾ˇÞ˝ ŽšÐ=½žÞ=šÞ˚¹ł šÐˇ =× − ¼=šð½šÝš˝½ˇ Ð=ýš=½− =Ššþ˝ =×ݸð½¹− =šÝ˚ł₣− ¼K
31
ÏšðÐÞć Þ½ˇ²
„ÞŠš˝ þšÐ²=−¦ş Þž²=E„þ𠽚¹Ðð¸=̦ş ÞžF
„ÞŠš˝ þšÐ²=ˡ½˙³½ˇ³ž²
N K LLLW
Ò½˙ ¦ýž=¾ş ¹½Ð³ž²=½ž²=ýס½ˇ¹˝ˇ ²=x×ݸ¹ž²=¾ş ¹½Ð³žL³¼Þ˝ ³½ˇ½ˇ Ð=
¾ş ¹½Ð³žLˇ ס Ð½š˝ ½ˇ Ð=¾ş ¹½Ð³žL˙ ŠšÐˇ =ýס ½ˇ ¹˝ˇ z
OK W Ô−ÝşÐ
PK L W Á³₣Ć ²=ݡýŁ ˇÞş ýšÞ− ¼=³¸ýˇ½− ²L„ð½ş ²=šýŁ ˚ ÝšÐˇ ²=½− ¼=ŠÐð½Ć− ¼
QK L W ıˇ ý˚ Þˇ =³¼ýŁ˙ Þ½ˇ
RK W „гš¹₣ş ýšÞž=¾ğ Þž½Ðð¸=ðݸ³ž
KW
S
TK W Ëݸ³ž=³š=šþ˚ÝÐþž
UK W „Њ−×− и³šÐ²=xýžÞĆýˇ ½ˇ Lfl Þˇ ¾−¹˙ =Óˇ¹˙Š− ³ž²z
VK= W Ûמ¹š³˝ˇ =t^m=mìëÜ
NMK= W Âý𹏳Ð− =þ¼×Þž½¸¹Ð=šÞš¹łş
NNK W fl¹₣ š˝− =¸₣− ¼=×− ¼=ˇÞˇ×ˇ¹˙ł š½ˇÐ
NOK W Țн− ¼¹ł˝ˇ =šð½ş ²=³Ć ÞŠš³ž²
NPK W ₣¹−Þş ýš½¹− =L=₣¹−Þ− ŠÐˇðş ×½ž²=ˇ Þ½˝ ³½¹− ¾ž²=ý˚ ½¹ž³ž²
NQK W „гš¹₣ş ýšÞˇ =ŠšŠ−ý˚ Þˇ =l_bu
NRK W Â₣−ł ¹˙ ¾ž³ž=Ùğ Þ¸²=šÞš¹ł− ×− Оý˚Þž
32
„гš¹₣ş эšЮž=рЭ¸³ž=обЗЙз
š¹Ð−₣ ¸=ýžÞ¼ý˙½ğ Þ
12:00
Óš¹Ð−₣ ¸=šÞŠš˝ þšğÞ
ÏšðÐÞć Þ½ˇ²
¿Þ−Ðłýˇ =Ú− ¼=ڞݚ¾ćÞ− ¼=Òˇ²
Í×− ¹š˝ ½š=Þˇ=ˇÞ− ˝ þš½š=½− =½žÝ˚¾ğ Þş =³ˇ ²=ýš=½− ¼²=ס¹ˇð˙½ğ =½¹šÐ²=½¹ş ×− ¼²W=³½žÞ=
ðˇ Þ− ÞÐð¸=¦˚ ³žI=³½ž=¦˚ ³ž=ˇ ¼½− ¾ğ ½−ł ¹˙ ¾ž³ž²=ðˇ Ð=³½ž=¦˚ ³ž=×¹−Ł−ݸ²K
ˡ Þ− ÞÐð¸=Ê˚ ³ž
NK
fl Þ− ˝ þ½š=½−=½žÝ˚¾ğ Þ ş =³ ˇ ²=ý ˚₣ ¹Ð=½ − =ð ˇ×˙ ðÐ=Þ ˇ =³½ ˇ ý ˇ ½¸³šÐ=³½ž=¦ ˚ ³ž=× − ¼=Šš ˝₣ ÞšÐ=
³½žÞ=šÐðşÞˇ K
Ê˚ ³ž=fl ¼½− ¾ğ ½−ł¹˙ ¾ž³ž²
OK
Óš¹Ð³½¹˚Ğ ½š=½žÞ=−¦ş Þž=NUMŒ=ŠšþÐş ³½¹−¾ˇ K
ı ¹ž³Ðý−×− и³½š= ˇ ¼½¸=½ž=¦˚ ³ž=łÐ ˇ =Þˇ =Łł ˙ Ýš½š=¾ğ½−ł ¹ ˇ ¾˝ š²=½−¼=š ˇ ¼½−Ć =³ ˇ ²=ýš=
½žÞ=šþ𠽚¹Ðð¸=¾ğ½−ł¹ˇ ¾Ðð¸=ýž₣ˇÞ¸K
ÍžÞ=ך¹Ð³½¹˚Ğš½š=ˇ¹Ð³½š¹ ş³½¹−¾ˇ =½žÞ=−¦şÞžI=ðˇ¦ ć²=ˇ¼½ ş=ý×−¹š˝=Þˇ=½ž²=
×¹− þšÞ¸³šÐ=ŽžýÐ˙K
Ê˚ ³ž=Ó¹−Ł− ݸ²
PK
ËÝš˝ ³½š=½žÞ=ðĆ ¹Ðˇ=− ¦ş Þž=×¹− ²=½− =×Ýžð½¹−ÝşłÐ−K
Òžýš˝ğ ³ž
≥
ÌÐ=ݚн −¼¹ ł˝ š²=½ ğÞ=×Ýš¼¹Ðð ćÞ=×ݸ𽹠ğÞ=š× ˙Þğ =ð ˇ Ð=ð ˙½ğ= ˇ ޽г½¹ ˚¾−Þ½ˇ Ð= ş½ˇ Þ=ž=
−¦ şÞž= ٹ˝ ³ð𽎠Ð=³½ž=¦˚ ³ž=×¹ −Ł−ݸ²K
≥
Ú− =×Ýžð½¹− Ýşł Ð− =Šš=ý×− ¹š˝ =Þˇ =₣ ¹ž³Ðý− ×− О¦š˝ =ş ½ˇ Þ=ž=− ¦ş Þž=Ł ¹˝ ³ð𽎠Ð=³½ž=¦˚ ³ž=
×¹−Ł− ݸ²K
≥
Íž=ý𽎾˚ ¹š½š=½− =½žÝ˚¾ğ Þ− =ýš=½žÞ=−¦ş Þž=½−×− ¦š½žý˚ Þž=³½ž=¦˚ ³ž=×¹−Ł− ݸ²I=
ðˇ ¦ć ²=ð˙ ½Ð=½˚ ½− Ð− =ý×− ¹š˝ =Þˇ =×¹− þšÞ¸³šÐ=ŽžýÐ˙=³½žÞ=−¦ş ÞžK
33
Țн − ¼¹ ł˝ š²=ÓÝ −¸ ł ž³ž²
ı¹¸³ž=ýš=½žÞ=̦ şÞž=³½žÞ=Ë ˇÞ− ÞÐð¸=Ê ˚³ž
Â=×¹ ş³ Ł ˇ ³ž=³š= ş Ýš²=½Ð²=š¾ ˇ¹ý −ł˚ ²=×¹ ˇłý ˇ ½− × − К ˝ ½ ˇ Ð= ˇ×ş =½ − =Ë Ć ¹Ð − =ýšÞ −Ć K=·Ð ˇ=Þ ˇ=
ˇÞ− ˝þš½š=½ −=Ë Ć¹Ð −=ýšÞ −Ć=×Ð ˚³½š=½ −=ðšÞ½¹Ðð ş=×ݸð½¹− =E F=³½žÞ=
ðˇ ½˙ ³½ˇ ³žJˇ Þˇ ý− Þ¸²K
·Ðˇ =Þˇ =šððÐÞ¸³ š½š=½Ð²=𾎠¹ý−ł˚ ²=¦ˇ =×¹˚ ךÐ=Þˇ=ýˇ ¹ð˙ ¹š½š=½ˇ =³½−Ð₣š˝ˇ =½− ¼=ýšÞ−Ć =ðˇ Ð=
Þˇ =š×ÐÝ ˚ þš½šK=·Ðˇ =Þˇ =š×ÐÝ˚ þš½š=˚ Þˇ =³½− Ð₣ š˝− =½− ¼=ýšÞ−Ć =Ešý¾ˇ Þ˝ Žš½ˇ Ð=³š=šÐ³ˇłğł Ðð˙ FI=
ý𽎠ðÐÞ¸³½š=½− =й−ý˚ˇ =₣ ¹ž³Ðý−×−Ðć Þ½ˇ ²=½ˇ =×Ý¸ð½¹ˇ=
³¼Þ˚₣ šÐˇ =×Ð˚ ³½š= =łÐˇ =Þˇ =š×ÐÝ˚ þš½šK
Òš=− ¹Ð³ý˚ Þš²=ŠÐˇ ŠÐðˇ³˝ š²=¦ˇ=₣ ¹šÐˇ ³½š˝ =Þˇ =×Ð˚ ³š½š=˚Þˇ=ˇ×ş =½ˇ =×Ý¸ð½¹ˇ =šÝ˚ł₣− ¼=
Ešý¾ˇÞ˝Ž− Þ½ˇ Ð=³š=ˇłðĆ Ýš²FI=×− ¼= šý¾ˇÞ˝ Žš½ˇ Ð=³½žÞ=ð˙½ğ =ŠšþÐ˙ =¸=ˇ ¹Ð³½š¹¸=×Ýš¼¹˙ =½ž² =
− ¦ş Þž²K=ÓÐ˚³½š=½ − =ˇ Þ½ ˝ ³½ − Ð₣− =×ݸð½¹− =šÝ˚ł₣− ¼=E
·Ðˇ =Þˇ =š×г½¹˚Ğ š½š=³½žÞ=×¹−žł−Ć ýšÞž=−¦ş ÞžI=×Ð˚ ³½š=½− =Ššþ˝ =×ݸð½¹− =šÝ˚ł₣− ¼=š˙ Þ=
ˇ ¼½ş=šý¾ ˇ Þ˝ ŽšÐ=½žÞ=˚ ÞŠšÐþž=
×ݸð½¹− =šÝ˚ł₣− ¼=š˙ Þ=ˇ ¼½ş =šý¾ˇÞ˝ ŽšÐ=½žÞ=˚ ÞŠšÐþž=
Ë˙ ¦š=šÞş ½ž½ˇ =³š=ˇ ¼½ş =½− Þ=− Šžłş =₣ ¹¸³ž²=þšðÐÞ˙ =ýš=ý˝ˇ=Ý˝ ³½ˇ =½ğ Þ=³½− Ð₣ š˝ğ Þ=
Ešý¾ˇÞ˝Ž− Þ½ˇ Ð=ýš=×Ý˙łÐ ˇ=ł ¹ˇ ¾¸F=×− ¼=×¹˚ ךÐ=Þˇ=š×ÐÝ˚ þš½š=×¹ÐÞ=šð½šÝ˚ ³š½š=½ž=
ŠÐˇ ŠÐðˇ³˝ˇ=×− ¼=ך¹Ðł¹˙ ¾š½ˇ ÐK=„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=ð ˙ ¦š=³½−Ð₣š˝ −=łÐˇ =Þˇ =ˇ ×−ðˇ ÝĆĞ š½š=½žÞ=
š×ş ýšÞž=−ý˙ Ў =³½−Ð₣š˝ ğ Þ=×− ¼=×¹˚ ךÐ=Þˇ =š×ÐÝ˚ þš½šK=flÞ− ˝ þ½š=½ˇ =³½−Ð₣š ˝ˇ =½ž²=
¼×− šÞş ½ž½ˇ ²=ˇ¾−Ć =×¹− žł− ¼ý˚Þğ ²=ˇÞ− ˝ þš½š=½ˇ =³½−Ð₣š˝ˇ=× − ¼=ס¹− ¼³Ð˙Ž− Þ½ˇ Ð=³½žÞ=
ðĆ ¹Ðˇ =šÞş ½ž½ˇ K
Óˇ ¹˙ ŠšÐł ýˇ W
?„ס¾˚ ²?=→=?È˝ ³½ˇ =„ס¾ć Þ?= →=?Ó¹− ³¦K=Î˚ˇ ²=„×K?
Ó˝ ³ğ
K=·Ðˇ =Þˇ =ðÝš˝ ³š½š=½− =ËĆ ¹Ð− =ýšÞ−ĆI=×Ð˚ ³½š=½− =Ššþ˝=
A
=¸=CFK
÷þ−Š−²
aI=bI=c
K
=ðˇ Ð=d=ðˇ Ð=³½ž=
34
Țн − ¼¹ ł˝ š²=ÓÝ −¸ ł ž³ž²
ı¹¸³ž=ýš=½žÞ=̦ş Þž=³½ž=Ê˚³ž=Ó¹−Ł− ݸ²
Úˇ =ŠÐˇ ¦˚ ³Ðýˇ =×Ý¸ð½¹ˇ =³½ž=¦˚ ³ž=×¹−Ł− ݸ²=½ž²=−¦ş Þž²=š˝Þˇ Ð=½ˇ =×Ýš¼¹Ðð˙ =×Ý¸ð½¹ˇ=
š×˙Þğ =ðˇ Ð=ð˙½ğ I=½− =×ݸð½¹− =¾ğ½−ł¹ˇ ¾Ðð¸²=ýž₣ˇ Þ¸²=ðˇ Ð=½− =×ݸð½¹−=ˇ ðĆ¹ğ ³ž²K
·Ðˇ =Þˇ=ˇÞ− ˝ þš½š=½− =ËĆ ¹Ð− =ýšÞ−Ć I=×Ð˚ ³½š=½− =×ݸð½¹− =¾ğ½−ł¹ˇ ¾Ðð¸²=ýž₣ˇ Þ¸²=³½žÞ=
ðˇ ½˙ ³½ˇ ³ž=ˇ Þˇ ý− Þ¸²K
·Ðˇ =Þˇ =š×ÐÝ˚ þš½š=˚Þˇ =³½− Ð₣ š˝− =ýšÞ−Ć =Ešý¾ˇ Þ˝ Žš½ˇÐ=³š=šÐ³ˇłğłÐð ˙FI=×Ð˚³½š=½ˇ=
×Ýš¼¹Ðð˙ =×Ý¸ð½¹ˇ =š×˙Þğ =ðˇ Ð=ð˙½ğ =ðˇ Ð=×Ð˚ ³½š=½− =×ݸð½¹−=¾ğ½−ł¹ˇ ¾Ðð¸²=ýž₣ˇÞ¸²=
ł Ðˇ =Þ ˇ =š×ÐÝ ˚ þš½š=½ − =³½− Ð₣ š˝ − =ýšÞ−Ć K
Òš=− ¹Ð³ý˚ Þš²=ŠÐˇ ŠÐðˇ³˝ š²I=¦ˇ =₣ ¹šÐˇ ³½š˝ =Þˇ =×Ð˚ ³š½š=˚Þˇ=ˇ×ş =½ˇ =×Ý¸ð½¹ˇ =šÝ˚ ł₣− ¼=
Ešý¾ˇÞ˝Ž− Þ½ˇ Ð=ý˚³ˇ =³š=ˇłðĆ Ýš²FI=½ˇ=− ×− ˝ˇ =šý¾ˇÞ˝Ž− Þ½ˇ Ð=³½žÞ=ð˙½ğ =ˇ ¹Ð³½š¹¸=ðˇ Ð=
ŠšþÐ˙=łğ Þ˝ˇ =½ž²=−¦ş Þž²K=Ú−=ˇ ¹Ð³½š¹ş =×ݸð½¹− =šÝ˚ ł₣− ¼=š˝Þˇ Ð=½− =×ݸð½¹−=
¾ğ ½−ł ¹ˇ ¾Ðð¸²=ýž₣ˇ Þ¸²=ðˇÐ=½− =Ššþ˝ =×ݸð½¹− =šÝ˚ł₣−¼=š ˝ÞˇÐ=½−=×ݸð½¹−= ˇðĆ ¹ğ ³ž²K
ÌÐ=ݚн− ¼¹ł˝ š²=½ğÞ=×Ýš¼¹Ððć Þ=×ݸð½¹ğ Þ=³½ž=ݚн− ¼¹ł˝ˇ=¾ ğ½−ł¹ˇ ¾Ðð¸²=ýž₣ˇ Þ¸²=
š˝ Þˇ Ð=− Ð=šþ¸ ²W
ÓÝš¼¹Ðð˙ =ÓÝ¸ð½¹ˇ =š×˙Þğ Lð˙½ğ Ww ç ç ã = ý˚³ˇLwççã=˚þğ
Óݸð½¹− =Ùğ½−ł¹ˇ ¾Ðð¸²=ýž₣ˇÞ¸²W È¸Ğž
Óݸð½¹−=fl ðĆ¹ğ ³ž²W „×ÐÝ−ł˚²
35
Țн− ¼¹ł˝ š²=Ùğ Þž½Ðð¸²=Ëݸ³ž²LËݸ³ž²=sáÇÉç
Ò¼ýŁ− ¼Ý¸
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Í×− ¹š˝ ½š=Þˇ =×¹ˇłý ˇ½− ×−и³š½š=ýÐˇ=ðݸ³ž=¸=Þˇ=ˇ×ˇ Þ½¸³š½š=³š=ý˝ˇ =ðݸ³ž=³½ž=
¦˚ ³ž=×¹−Ł− ݸ²=½ž²=− ¦ş Þž²=₣ ¹ž³Ðý− ×− ÐćÞ½ˇ ²=½ˇ =×Ýš¼¹Ðð˙ =×Ý¸ð½¹ˇK
Ó¹ˇłý ˇ½− ×− ˝ ž³ž=ý˝ˇ ²=Ùğ Þž½Ðð¸²=Ëݸ³ž²
NK
„гˇł ˙ł š½š=½− Þ=ðğŠÐðş =ך¹Ð−₣ ¸²=ðˇ Ð=½− Þ=ˇ ¹Ð¦ýş =½žÝš¾ ćÞ− ¼=×− ¼=¦˚ Ýš½š=Þˇ =
ðˇ Ý˚ ³š½š=ðˇÐ=×Ð˚³½š=
„ ˙Þ=×Ýžð½¹ − Ý −ł ¸³š½š=Ý ˇÞ¦ ˇ³ý ˚Þ− = ˇ ¹Ð¦ý ş I=×Ð ˚³½š=U= ł Ð ˇ=Þ ˇ=ŠÐ ˇł ¹ ˙Ğ š½š=½ − Þ=
ˇ¹Ð¦ý ş= ˇ¹Ð³½š¹ ˙= ˇ×ş =½− =й− ý ˚ˇK
Ëݸ³šÐ²=÷ð½ˇ ð½ž²=flÞ˙ł ðž²
NK
„гˇł ˙ł š½š=½− Þ=ˇ ¹Ð¦ýş =NNO=¸=VNN=EŠÐš¦Þ¸²=ˇ¹Ð¦ýş ²=˚ ð½ˇð½ž²=ˇÞ˙ł ðž²F=
₣ ¹ž³Ðý− ×− Ðć Þ½ ˇ ²=½ − =×Ýžð½¹ −Ýşł Ð− =ð ˇ Ð=×Ð ˚ ³½š=
Òžýš˝ğ ³ž
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ÌÐ=ðݸ³šÐ²=˚ ð½ˇð½ž²=ˇÞ˙łðž²=šÞŠ˚₣ 𽎠Ð=Þˇ =ýžÞ=š˝Þˇ Ð=Š¼Þˇ½ş Þ=Þˇ=
×¹ˇłý ˇ½− ×− О¦ −ĆÞ=³š=şÝˇ =½ˇ =Š˝ ð½¼ˇ =ðÐÞž½¸²=½žÝš¾ğÞ ˝ˇ ²=ş½ˇ Þ=₣¹ž³Ðý−×−Ð−ĆÞ½ˇÐ=
³¼ł ðšð¹Ðý˚ Þš²=¼×ž¹š³˝ š²=ŠÐð½Ć−¼=ðˇ ÐL¸=ݚн− ¼¹ł˝ š²=½− ¼=½žÝš¾ćÞ− ¼K=·Ðˇ=
ך¹Ð³³ş ½š¹š²=×Ýž¹−¾−¹˝ š²I=š×Ðð− ÐÞğ Þ¸³½š=ýš=½− Þ=ס¹−₣ ˚ˇ =ŠÐð½Ć−¼K
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Í×− ¹š˝ ½š=Þˇ=₣ ¹ž³Ðý−×−и³š½š=ˇ¼½ ş=½−Þ=ˇ¹Ð¦ý ş=˚ ð½ˇð½ž²=ˇÞ˙ł ðž²=łÐˇ =Þˇ =
×¹ˇłý ˇ½− ×− и³š½š=ýÐˇ =ðݸ³ž=˚ ð½ˇ ð½ž²=ˇÞ˙ł ðž²=³š=−×−Ðˇ Џ×− ½š=₣ć ¹ˇ I=ýš=¸=
₣ğ ¹˝ ²=ð ˙ ¹½ ˇ =pfj=½ − × − ¦š½žý ˚ Þž=³½ − =½žÝ ˚¾ğ Þ − I=š¾D= ş ³ − Þ= ٹ˝ ³ðš³½š=šÞ½ ş ²=
šýŁ˚ ÝšÐˇ ²=šÞş ²=ŠÐð½Ć− ¼=PdLdpjK
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=ł Ðˇ =Þˇ =ðˇÝ˚³š½šK
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=ł Ðˇ =Þˇ =ðˇÝ˚ ³š½šK
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36
Țн− ¼¹ł˝ š²=Ùğ Þž½Ðð¸²=Ëݸ³ž²LËݸ³ž²=sáÇÉç
‚К¦Þš˝ ²=Ëݸ³šÐ²
NK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=ðˇ Ð=ð¹ˇ ½¸³½š=×К³ý˚Þ−=½−= Q=ý˚₣ ¹Ð=Þˇ =šý¾ˇ Þг½š˝ =½− =³ĆýŁ−Ý− =H=
E×¹ş ¦šýˇ =ŠÐš¦Þć Þ=ðݸ³š ğÞFK
OK
„г˙ł š½š=½− Þ=ðğ ŠÐðş=₣㹎 ²I=ˇ ð− Ý− ¼¦−ĆýšÞ−=ˇ ׺=½−Þ=ðğŠÐðş=ך ¹Ð−₣¸²=E₣ğ¹˝²=½−=
ˇ ¹₣ Ðð ş =ýžŠ ˚ ÞF=ðˇ Ð=½−Þ= ˇ ¹Ð¦ýş =½žÝš¾ ćÞ− ¼=ð ˇ Ð=×Ð ˚ ³½š=
Ó¹− ³¦¸ðž=„Þş²=ˡ½ˇ₣ğ ¹žý˚Þ− ¼=fl ¹Ð¦ý−Ć =ڞݚ¾ćÞ− ¼=³½ž=È˝ ³½ˇ =„ס¾ć Þ
NK
fl ¾−Ć =×Ýžð½¹ − Ý −ł¸³š½š=½− Þ=ˇ¹Ð¦ý ş =½žÝš¾ć Þ− ¼I=×Ð˚ ³½š=x„×ÐÝKz=ð ˇ Ð=š×ÐÝ ˚ þ½š=
?fl ×− ¦¸ðK=fl¹Ð¦ý−Ć ?K
·Ðˇ =Ýš×½−ý˚ ¹šÐš²=³₣ š½Ðð˙ =ýš=½ž=ŠžýÐ− ¼¹ł˝ˇ=ý˝ˇ ²=Þ˚ˇ ²=ðˇ½ˇ₣ć¹ž³ž²I=Šš ˝½š=
?Ó¹− ³¦¸ðž=Î˚ˇ²=„ס ¾¸²?=³½ž=³šÝ˝Šˇ SNK
„ý¾˙ Þгž=¸=fl׺ð¹¼Ğ ž=Ú− ¼=fl¹Ð¦ý−Ć =Í− ¼=³½žÞ=̦ş Þž=½− ¼=ˡÝ−Ć ýšÞ− ¼=Ò¼ÞŠ¹− ýž½¸
NK
Íš½˙ =½žÞ=×Ýžð½¹−Ýşł ž³ž=šÞş ²=ˇ ¹Ð¦ý−Ć =½žÝš¾ćÞ− ¼I=×Ð˚ ³½š=x„×ÐÝKz=ðˇ Ð=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=
?fl ׺ ð¹K=fl ¹Ð¦ý−Ć ?=¸=?„ý¾ ˙Þгž=fl ¹Ð¦ý−Ć ?K=
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½− ¼²=ˇ ¹Ð¦ý−Ć ²=₣ ¹ž³Ðý− ×− Ðć Þ½ˇ²=½ˇ=ˇ¹Ð¦ýž½Ðð˙ =×Ý¸ð½¹ˇ =E
½žÝš¾ćÞ− ¼=½− ¼=Ë˚ Þ½¹− ¼=½žÝš¾ğÞž½¸=š˝Þˇ Ð=ˇ ޽г½−Ð₣ гý˚Þ− ²=³½− =×ݸð½¹− =
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Šš˝ ½š=?È˝ ³½ˇ =Úˇ₣š ˝ˇ ²=Ëݸ³ž²?=³½ž=³šÝ˝Šˇ STK
NK
·Ðˇ =Þˇ =ðˇÝ˚ ³š½š=˚Þˇ Þ=ˇ ¹Ð¦ýş=₣ ¹ž³Ðý−×−Ðć Þ½ˇ ²=½ž=ݚн− ¼¹ł˝ˇ=½ˇ ₣š˝ˇ ²=ðݸ³ž²I=
×Ð˚ ³½š=ðˇ Ð=ð¹ˇ ½¸³½š=×К³ý˚Þ− =˚Þˇ =ˇ ׺ =½ˇ =ˇ ¹Ð¦ýž½Ðð˙ =×Ý¸ð½¹ˇ =E
Ì=ˇ ¹Ð¦ýş ²=½žÝš¾ćÞ− ¼=×− ¼=š˝Þˇ Ð=ˇ×− ¦žðš¼ý˚Þ− ²=³½ž=Ý˝³½ˇ=½ˇ₣š ˝ˇ²=ðݸ³ž²=
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37
Țн− ¼¹ł˝ š²=Ùğ Þž½Ðð¸²=Ëݸ³ž²LËݸ³ž²=sáÇÉç
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˚ ğ²=ð ˇ Ð=NM=ˇ ¹Ð¦ý−Ć ²I=³½ž=Ý ˝ ³½ˇ=?⁄ Ýš²=−Ð=Ëݸ³šÐ²?=ך¹Ð ˚ ₣−Þ½ ˇ Ð=˚ ğ²=PM= ˇ ¹Ð¦ý−˝K
NK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=D=³½žÞ=ðˇ½˙ ³½ˇ ³ž=ˇÞˇý− Þ¸²K
OK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=ý˝ˇ =ˇ ׺ =½Ð²=ðˇ½žł− ¹˝š² =?⁄Ýš²=− Ð=Ëݸ³šÐ²?I=?ËÝž¦˚Þ½š²=fl¹Ð¦ý− ˝?I=
?fl Þˇ ×˙Þ½K=Ëݸ³šÐ²?=¸=?„гš¹₣şýšÞš²?K
·Ðˇ =šÞˇ Ýݡł ¸=ýš½ˇþĆ =½ğ Þ=ˇ¹₣ š˝ğ ÞI=×Ð˚ ³½š=c=¸=dK
PK
͡ ¹ð˙ ¹š½š=½− Þ=ˇ ¹Ð¦ýş =½žÝš¾ćÞ− ¼=×− ¼=¦˚ Ýš½š=Þˇ =ðˇ Ý˚ ³š ½šK
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ÓÐ˚ ³½š=D=ł Ðˇ =Þˇ =š×ˇÞˇðˇÝ˚³š½š=½− Þ=ˇ ¹Ð¦ýşK
fl ×˙ Þ½ž³ž=ý˝ˇ ²=ÙğÞž½Ðð¸²=Ëݸ³ž²
Íş Ýв=ˇ ÞÐ₣ ÞšĆ ³šÐ=ý˝ˇ =šÐ³š¹₣ş ýšÞž=ðݸ³žI=½− =½žÝ˚¾ğ Þ− =ð− ¼Š− ¼Þ˝ ŽšÐK
NK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=D=¸=xÿ³− Þz=łÐˇ=Þˇ=ˇ×ˇÞ½¸³š½š=³½žÞ=ðݸ³žK
◊ =×Ð˚³½š= − ×− Ð− Џ×− ½š=×ݸð½¹− =šð½ ş ²=½ ğ Þ= FI= I=U=ð ˇ Ð=x flס ³₣ Kz= ş ½ ˇÞ=š˝ Þˇ Ð=
šÞš¹ł− ×− Оý˚ Þž=ž=ݚн− ¼¹ł˝ˇ=?fl ×˙ Þ½K=ð˙¦š=Óݸð½K?K=„Þš¹ł− ×−и³½š=½ž=
ݚн− ¼¹ł˝ˇ =fl ×˙ Þ½ž³ž²=ýš=Ë˙ ¦š=Óݸð½¹− =³½− =×¹−¾˝ Ý=ð˙ ¦š=½¹ş×− ¼=ݚн− ¼¹ł ˝ˇ ²=
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38
Țн− ¼¹ł˝ š²=Ùğ Þž½Ðð¸²=Ëݸ³ž²LËݸ³ž²=sáÇÉç
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„˙ Þ=˚₣ š½š=šłł ¹ˇ ¾š˝ =³½žÞ=¼×ž¹š³˝ˇ =fl Þˇł Þć¹Ð³ž²=Ëݸ³ž²=E`ifF=ðˇ Ð=½− =Š˝ ð½¼− =½− ¼=
ðˇ Ý−Ć Þ½− ²=ýš½ˇ Š˝ŠšÐ=½− Þ=ˇ ¹Ð¦ýş =½žÝš¾ćÞ− ¼I=½ş½š=−=ˇ ¹Ð¦ýş²=½−¼=ðˇÝ −ĆÞ½−²=¦ˇ=
šý¾ˇ Þг½š˝ =³½žÞ=−¦ş ÞžK=„˙ Þ=−=ˇ ¹Ð¦ýş ²=ðˇ Ð=½−=şÞ−ýˇ =½−¼=ðˇÝ −ĆÞ½−²=š˝ÞˇÐ=
ˇ ×−¦žðš¼ý ˚ Þ ˇ =³½ ž=È˝ ³½ ˇ =„× ˇ¾ćÞI=½ ş½š=³½žÞ= −¦ ş Þž=½ − ¼=½žÝš¾ćÞ − ¼=¦ ˇ =šý¾ ˇ Þг½š ˝=
−=ˇ ¹Ð¦ý ş²= ˇÝÝ ˙=ð ˇÐ=½−= şÞ −ýˇ =½ −¼=ðˇÝ −ĆÞ½−²K
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„˙ Þ=×¹ş ðšÐ½ˇ Ð=ł Ðˇ =˚ Þˇ Þ=ך¹Ð− ¹Ð³ý˚ Þ− =ˇ ¹Ð¦ýş I=³½žÞ=−¦ş Þž=¦ˇ =šý¾ˇ Þг½š˝ =½−=
ý¸Þ¼ýˇ =?fl׺ ð¹K=ˇ ¹Ð¦ý−Ć?K
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⁄ ½ˇ Þ=Š˚ ₣š³½š=ýÐ ˇ =ðݸ³ž=ˇ×ş = ˚ Þˇ =˙ ½− ý − =½ − ¼= − × − ˝ − ¼=½ž=¾ ğ½−ł ¹ˇ ¾ ˝ˇ = ˚ ₣ š½š=
ðˇ ½ˇ₣𹸳šÐ=³½ž=È ˝ ³½ˇ =„ס ¾ć ÞI=½ş ½š=ž=¾ğ½−ł¹ˇ ¾˝ˇ I=½−=şÞ−ýˇ =ðˇ Ð=−=ˇ ¹Ð¦ýş ²=
½žÝš¾ćÞ− ¼=ˇ ¼½−Ć =½− ¼=ˇ½ş ý−¼=šý¾ˇÞ˝Ž− Þ½ˇ Ð=³½žÞ=−¦ş ÞžK
fl ׺ ¹¹Ð Ğ ž=ýÐ ˇ ²=„гš¹ ₣ş ýšÞž²=Ëݸ³ž²
NK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=F=ş ½ˇ Þ=½− =½žÝ˚ ¾ğ Þ−=ð−¼Š−¼Þ˝ŽšÐ= łÐˇ =Þˇ =ˇ ×−¹¹˝ Ğš½š=ý˝ˇ =ðݸ³ž=½žÞ=
− ×− ˝ˇ=ŠšÞ=¦˚ Ýš½š=Þˇ =ˇ ס Þ½¸³š½šK
„Þžý˚¹ğ ³ž=½− ¼=ˡÝ−ĆÞ½− ²=ş ½Ð=š˝ ³½ š=flס ³₣−Ýžý ˚ Þ− ²
NK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=xflס³₣− Ýžý˚Þ− z=ş ½ˇ Þ=½− =½žÝ˚¾ğÞ− =ð− ¼Š− ¼Þ˝ ŽšÐ=ł Ðˇ =Þˇ=³½š˝Ýš½š=˚ÞˇÞ=
½ş Þ− =ˇ ס³₣−Ýžý ˚Þ− ¼=ł Ðˇ=Þˇ=šÞžýš¹ć ³š½š=½− Þ= ðˇÝ−Ć Þ½ˇ =ş ½ Ð=ŠšÞ=ý×− ¹š˝ ½š=Þˇ=
ˇ ס Þ½¸³š½š=³½žÞ=ðݸ³žK
39
Țн− ¼¹ł˝ š²=Ùğ Þž½Ðð¸²=Ëݸ³ž²LËݸ³ž²=sáÇÉç
ÍšÞ−Ć =Ëݸ³šğ Þ=EÙğ Þž½Ðð¸=Ëݸ³žF
Ú −=½žÝ ˚ ¾ ğÞ ş=³ ˇ ²=ŠÐ ˇ ¦ ˚ ½šÐ=×¹ ş³¦š½š²=ݚн −¼¹ ł˝ š²=× −¼=ý×−¹ −Ć Þ=Þ ˇ=
₣¹ž³Ðý −× −О¦ −ĆÞ= ş½ˇ Þ=ýÐˇ =ðݸ³ž=š˝ Þˇ Ð=³š=šþ˚ ÝÐþžK
ÔĆ ¦ýгž=½ž²=÷Þ½ˇ ³ž²=½− ¼=flð− ¼³½Ðð−Ć
ˡ ½˙ =½ž=ŠÐ˙ ¹ðšÐˇ =ý˝ˇ ²=ðݸ³ž²I=ý×− ¹š˝ ½š=Þˇ =¹¼¦ý˝ ³š½š=½žÞ=˚ Þ½ˇ ³ž=½− ¼=ˇð− ¼³½Ðð−Ć=
Eðˇ Ð=½žÞ=˚ Þ½ˇ ³ž=½ğ Þ=¾− ¹ž½ć Þ=ˇð− ¼³½Ððć ÞI=š¾ş ³− Þ=š˝Þˇ Ð=³¼ÞŠšŠšý˚Þˇ FK
NK
ˡ ½˙ =½ž=ŠÐ˙ ¹ðšÐˇ =ý˝ˇ ²=ðݸ³ž²I=×Ð˚ ³½š=½− =š×˙Þğ =¸=ð˙½ğ =×Ýš¼¹Ððş =×ݸð½¹− =łÐˇ =Þˇ =
šý¾ˇ Þг½š˝ =ž=−¦ş Þž=÷Þ½ˇ ³ž²=flð− ¼³½Ðð−Ć K
OK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=½− =š×˙Þğ =×Ýš¼ ¹ Ððş=×ݸð½¹−=E¸= aLdF=łÐˇ =Þˇ =ˇ ¼þ¸ ³ š½š=½žÞ=˚ Þ½ˇ ³ž=½− ¼=
¸₣− ¼=ðˇ ½˙ =½žÞ=ðݸ³žI=¸=×Ð˚ ³½š=½− =ð˙½ğ =×Ýš¼¹Ððş =×ݸð½¹− =E¸=
ýšÐć ³š½š=½žÞ=˚ Þ½ˇ ³žK
Í×− ¹š˝ ½š=Þˇ=š×ÐÝ ˚þš½š=ˇÞ˙ýš³ˇ=³š=×˚Þ½š=š×˝×šŠˇ=˚Þ½ˇ³ž²=¸₣− ¼=Eš×˝×šŠ−=N= ˚ğ²=
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ÓÐ˚ ³½š= =š˙ Þ=ž=˚ Þ½ˇ ³ž=˚₣ šÐ=¹¼¦ýг½š˝ =³½− =š×˝ ךŠ− =×−¼=š×Ц¼ýš˝ ½šK
Ú− =½žÝ˚ ¾ğ Þ− =š×г½¹˚¾šÐ=³½žÞ=−¦ş Þž=ðݸ³ž²=ˇ¼½şý ˇ½ˇ=š˙Þ=ŠšÞ=šð½šÝš³½š˝=
ð˙ ×− Ðˇ =¹Ć ¦ýгžK
„Þš¹ł− ×−˝ ž³ž=ðˇ Ð=fl ךޚ¹ł− ×−˝ ž³ž=½ğ Þ=Íšłˇ ¾ć ÞğÞ
Í×− ¹š˝ ½š=Þˇ=− ýÐÝš˝ ½š=ý˚³ğ =½ğ Þ=ýšł ˇ¾ć Þğ ÞI=×− ¼=ٹ˝ ³ð− Þ½ˇ Ð=³½−=×˝³ğ =ý˚¹− ²=½− ¼=
½žÝš¾ćÞ− ¼I=šÞš¹ł− ×− Ðć Þ½ˇ²=½ˇK
NK
ˡ ½˙ =½ž=ŠÐ˙ ¹ðšÐˇ =ý˝ˇ ²=ðݸ³ž²=×Ð˚ ³ ½š=x„×ÐÝKz=ðˇ Ð=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?Íš ł˙¾ğ Þ− =„Þš¹łş ?K
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F=łÐˇ =Þˇ =
40
Țн− ¼¹ł˝ š²=Ùğ Þž½Ðð¸²=Ëݸ³ž²LËݸ³ž²=sáÇÉç
Ê˚ ³ž=ý˝ˇ ²=Ëݸ³ž²=³š=fl Þˇ ý− Þ¸
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NK
ˡ ½˙ =½ž=ŠÐ˙¹ðšÐˇ=ý˝ˇ ²=ðݸ³ž²I=×Ð˚³½š=x„×ÐÝKz=ðˇÐ=š×ÐÝ˚þ½š=?flÞˇý− Þ¸?K
Â=½¹˚₣− ¼³ˇ =ðݸ³ž=½˝ ¦š½ˇ Ð=³š=ˇÞˇý− Þ¸K
OK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=x„×ÐÝKz=ðˇ Ð=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?Ëݸ³ž=Î˚− ¼=fl ¹Ð¦K?K
PK
„гˇł ˙ł š½š=½− Þ=ˇ ¹Ð¦ýş =½žÝš¾ćÞ− ¼=×− ¼=¦˚ Ýš½š=Þˇ =ðˇÝ˚ ³š½š= ½ˇ¼½ş₣ ¹− Þˇ =ðˇ ÐI=³½ž=
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Țн− ¼¹ł˝ š²=Ùğ Þž½Ðð¸²=Ëݸ³ž²LËݸ³ž²=sáÇÉç
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„˙ Þ=˚₣ š½š=šłł ¹ˇ ¾š˝ =³½žÞ=¼×ž¹š³˝ˇ =fl Þˇł Þć¹Ð³ž²=Ëݸ³ž²=E`ifF=ðˇ Ð=½− =Š˝ ð½¼− =½− ¼=
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šý¾ˇ Þг½š˝ =³½žÞ=−¦ş ÞžK=„˙ Þ=−=ˇ¹Ð¦ýş ²=ðˇ Ð=½−=şÞ−ýˇ =½− ¼=ðˇÝ −Ć Þ½− ²=š˝Þˇ Ð=
ˇ ×−¦žðš¼ý ˚ Þ ˇ =³½ ž=È˝ ³½ ˇ =„× ˇ¾ćÞI=½ ş½š=³½žÞ= −¦ ş Þž=½ − ¼=½žÝš¾ćÞ − ¼=¦ ˇ =š ý ¾ ˇ Þг½š ˝=
−=ˇ ¹Ð¦ý ş²= ˇÝÝ ˙=ð ˇÐ=½−= şÞ −ýˇ =½ −¼=ðˇÝ −ĆÞ½−²K
fl ׺ ¹¹Ð Ğ ž=ýÐ ˇ ²=„гš¹ ₣ş ýšÞž²=Ëݸ³ž²
NK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=F=ş ½ˇ Þ=½− =½žÝ˚ ¾ğ Þ−=ð−¼Š−¼Þ˝ŽšÐ= łÐˇ =Þˇ =ˇ ×−¹¹˝Ğš½š=ý ˝ˇ=ðݸ³ž=½žÞ=
− ×− ˝ˇ=ŠšÞ=¦˚ Ýš½š=Þˇ =ˇ ס Þ½¸³š½šK
„Þžý˚¹ğ ³ž=½− ¼=ˡÝ−ĆÞ½− ²=ş ½Ð=š˝ ³½ š=flס ³₣−Ýžý ˚ Þ− ²
NK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=xflס³₣− Ýžý˚Þ− z=ş ½ˇ Þ=½− =½žÝ˚¾ğÞ− =ð− ¼Š− ¼Þ˝ ŽšÐ=ł Ðˇ =Þˇ=³½š˝Ýš½š=˚ÞˇÞ=
½ş Þ− =ˇ ס³₣−Ýžý ˚Þ− ¼=ł Ðˇ=Þˇ=šÞžýš¹ć ³š½š=½− Þ= ðˇÝ−Ć Þ½ˇ =ş ½ Ð=ŠšÞ=ý×− ¹š˝ ½š=Þˇ=
ˇ ס Þ½¸³š½š=³½žÞ=ðݸ³žK
46
КлЮуз Video
Åðéë.
Енблл. Ейкьнщн
Цщфпг. Цщф. Мзч.
Енесг. Прф. Zoom
МегЬц. Мз Енесг
Енесгпр. DTMF
ЕрйлпгЮ
Ðßóù
Țн− ¼¹ł˝ š²=Ùğ Þž½Ðð¸²=Ëݸ³ž²LËݸ³ž²=sáÇÉç
ÍšÞ−Ć =Ëݸ³šğ Þ=EËݸ³ž=sáÇÉçF
Ò˝ł ˇ ³ž=½− ¼=ÍÐð¹−¾ćÞ−¼
NK
ˡ ½˙ =½ž=ŠÐ˙ ¹ðšÐˇ =ý˝ˇ ²=рЭ¸³ž²=обЗЙзI=ЧР˚ ³½š=xÒÐğ מݺ z=ł Ðˇ =Þˇ =ˇ×šÞš¹ł− ×− и³š½š=
½− =ýÐð¹ş ¾ğÞ−K
·Ðˇ =Þˇ =ðˇ½ˇ¹ł ¸³š½š=½ž=³˝ł ˇ ³ž=½− ¼=ýÐð¹−¾ćÞ− ¼I=×Ð˚ ³½š=xÍž=ÒÐğ ×KzK
„Þˇ Ýݡł ¸=„ÐðşÞğÞ
Í×− ¹š˝ ½š=Þˇ =šÞˇ ÝÝ˙ ³³š½š=½Ð²=šÐðş Þš²=ˇ×ş =½žÞ=ðĆ ¹Ðˇ =ðˇ Ð=½ž=Ł− ž¦ž½Ðð¸=−¦ş ÞžK
NK
ˡ ½˙ =½ž=ŠÐ˙ ¹ðšÐˇ =ý˝ˇ ²=рЭ¸³ž²=обЗЙз=ЧР˚ ³½š=x„×ÐÝKz=ðˇÐ=š×ÐÝ˚þ½š=?„ÞˇÝÝK=„ÐðşÞğ Þ?K
fl Ýݡ ł¸=½ž²=„Ððş Þˇ ²=³ ˇ ²
NK
ˡ ½˙ =½ž=ŠÐ˙¹ðšÐˇ=ý˝ˇ ²=рЭ¸³ž²=обЗЙз=ЧР˚ ³½š=x„×ÐÝKz=ðˇ Ð=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?Ùğ½−ł¹ˇ¾˝ˇ ?K
OK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=ý˝ˇ =ˇ ׺ =½Ð²=š×ÐÝ−ł˚ ²=?„³ğ ½K=Ùğ ½K=Íž₣ K?I=?„þğ ½K=Ùğ ½K=Íž₣ K?=¸=?„ý¾K=
„Þˇ ÝÝK=„ÐðK?K
?„³ğ ½K=Ùğ ½K=Íž₣ ?W Â=šÐðşÞˇ =ˇ ׺ =½žÞ=š³ğ ½š¹Ðð¸=¾ğ½−ł¹ˇ ¾Ðð¸=ýž₣ˇ Þ¸=
?„þğ ½K=Ùğ ½K=Íž₣ ?W Â=šÐðşÞˇ =ˇ ׺ =½žÞ=šþ𠽚¹Ðð¸=¾ğ½−ł¹ˇ ¾Ðð¸=ýž₣ˇ Þ¸=
?„ý¾K=„Þˇ ÝÝK=„ÐðK?W Â=¾ğ½−ł¹ˇ ¾Ðð¸=ýž₣ˇ Þ¸=ˇ ךޚ¹ł−×− К˝ ½ˇ Ð=ðˇ Ð=
šý¾ˇÞ˝ Žš½ˇ Ð=ðˇ Ð=³½˚ ÝÞš½ˇ Ð=³½− =³¼Þ−ýÐÝž½¸K
šý¾ˇÞ˝ Žš½ˇ Ð=ðˇ Ð=³½˚ ÝÞš½ˇ Ð=³½− =³¼Þ−ýÐÝž½¸K
₣ ¹ž³Ðý− ×− К˝½ˇ Ð=ž=šÐð ş Þˇ =× − ¼=š×ÐÝ˚þˇ ½š=ýš=½žÞ=š×ÐÝ−ł¸=
?„Þˇ Ýݡ ð½Ðð¸=„ÐðşÞˇ ?=¸=?Ô¼¦ýK=Ëݸ³ž²=sáÇÉç?=
E³šÝK NVRFK
47
Țн − ¼¹ ł˝ š²=Ù ğ Þž½Ðð¸²=Ëݸ³ž²LËݸ³ž²=sáÇÉç
ı¹¸³ž=½ž²=Țн −¼¹ ł ˝ˇ²=Ì×½Ðð−Ć =wççã
Ú− =− ×½Ððş =òççã=³ˇ ²=š×н¹˚ ךÐ=Þˇ =ýšł š¦Ć Þš½š=½ž=¾ğ ½−ł¹ˇ ¾˝ˇ I=šþˇ ³¾ˇ Ý˝ Ž− Þ½ˇ ²=
ýšłˇÝ Ć ½š¹ž=ðˇ¦ˇ¹ş ½ž½ˇ=ˇ×ş =½ž=ݚн− ¼¹ł˝ˇ =òççã=½− ¼=− ×½Ðð−Ć =¾ˇð−Ć K=Ú− =− ×½Ððş =
òççã=₣ ¹ž³Ðý−×− К˝½ˇ Ð=ğ ²=½− =š×˝ ךŠ− =òççã=x
ˇ ðş ýž=ך¹Ð³³ ş ½š¹ − I=šÞš¹ ł− × − К ˝ ½ ˇ Ð=½ − = Ğ ž¾Ð ˇ ð ş =òççãK
NK
ˡ ½˙ =½ž=ŠÐ˙ ¹ðšÐˇ =ý˝ˇ ²=рЭ¸³ž²=обЗЙз=ЧР˚ ³½š=x„×ÐÝKz=ðˇ Ð=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?„Þš¹ł− ×−˝ ž³ž=
Ì×½K=wççã?K
Â=šÐðşÞˇ =ýšł š¦Ć Þš½ˇ ÐK
„Þš¹ł− ×−˝ ž³ž=ðˇ Ð=fl ךޚ¹ł− ×−˝ ž³ž=½ğ Þ=Íšłˇ ¾ć ÞğÞ
Í×− ¹š˝ ½š=Þˇ=− ýÐÝš˝ ½š=ý˚³ğ =½ğ Þ=ýšł ˇ¾ć Þğ ÞI=×− ¼=ٹ˝ ³ð− Þ½ˇ Ð=³½−=×˝³ğ =ý˚¹− ²=½− ¼=
½žÝš¾ćÞ− ¼I=šÞš¹ł− ×− Ðć Þ½ˇ²=½ˇK
NK
ˡ ½˙ =½ž=ŠÐ˙ ¹ðšÐˇ =ý˝ˇ ²=рЭ¸³ž²=обЗЙз=ЧР˚ ³½š=x„×ÐÝKz=ðˇ Ð=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?Íšł˙¾ğÞ−=
„Þš¹łş ?K
Òžýš˝ğ ³ž
≥
Òš=¦− ¹¼Łć Šš²=ך¹ÐŁ˙ ÝÝ− ÞI=˝³ğ ²=Þˇ=ý žÞ=ý×−¹˚ ³š½š=Þˇ =³¼Þš₣˝ ³š½š=ýÐˇ =ðݸ³ž=¸=Þˇ=
×¹ˇłý ˇ½− ×− и³š½š=ýÐˇ =ðݸ³ž =ýš=ðˇ ݸ=ˇ ð¹şˇ ³žK=Ò¼Þг½−Ćýš=Þˇ=₣ ¹ž³Ðý−×−К˝½š=½ −=
³½š¹š−¾ğ ÞÐðş=fl ð− ¼³½Ððş =ðˇ Ð=½ž=Í−Þ˙ Ў =ÍÐð¹−¾ćÞ−¼=Ù−¹ž½ćÞ=flð −¼³½Ððć ÞK=
≥
Íš=ˇ ¼½¸=½žÞ=š×ÐÝ−ł¸I=˝³ğ ²=Þˇ =ýžÞ=ý×−¹˚ ³š½š=Þˇ =³¼Þš₣˝³š½š=ýÐˇ =ðݸ³ž=₣ğ ¹˝ ²=
ŠÐˇð− ׸=š˙ Þ=ˇ ¼þ¸³š½š=½žÞ=˚ Þ½ˇ ³ž=³½−=ˇ ð− ¼³½Ððş K=Ò¼Þг½−Ć ýš=Þˇ =ýšÐć ³š½š=½žÞ=
˚ Þ½ˇ ³ž=³½−= ˇ ð− ¼³½Ðð ş =¸=Þ ˇ =₣ ¹ž³Ðý − × − и³š½š=½ −=³½š¹š− ¾ğ ÞÐðş =flð− ¼³½Ðð ş =ð ˇ Ð=½ž=
Í− Þ˙ Ў =ÍÐð¹− ¾ć Þ− ¼=Ù− ¹ž½ć Þ=fl ð− ¼³½Ððć ÞK
×
=OzK=„˙ Þ=ˇ ¼þ¸³š½š=½− =š×˝ ךŠ− =òççã=
48
Țн− ¼¹ł˝ š²=Ùğ Þž½Ðð¸²=Ëݸ³ž²LËݸ³ž²=sáÇÉç
Ô¼¦ý˝ ³šÐ²=Ëݸ³šğ Þ=sáÇÉç
fl Ýݡ ł¸=Ó− Ðş ½ž½ ˇ ²=½ž²=„гš¹₣ş ýšÞž²=„Ðð şÞˇ ²
Í×− ¹š˝ ½š=Þˇ =¹¼¦ý˝ ³š½š=½žÞ=×−Ðş ½ž½ˇ =½ž²=šÐðşÞˇ ²=½− ¼=ðˇÝ −Ć Þ½ˇK
NK
ˡ ½˙ =½ž=ŠÐ˙¹ðšÐˇ=ý˝ˇ ²=рЭ¸³ž²=обЗЙз=ЧР˚ ³½š=x„×ÐÝKz=ðˇ Ð=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?Ô¼¦ýK=Ëݸ³ž²=
sáÇÉç?K
OK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?Í− ¹¾¸=„гš¹₣ş ý?K
PK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?ˡÞ− ÞÐð¸?I=?Ó−Ðş ½ž½ˇ =„ÐðşÞK?=¸=?·¹¸ł−¹ˇ =ˡ ¹˚?K
?ˡÞ− ÞÐð¸?W ı ¹ž³Ðý−×− К˝½ˇ Ð=ž=ðˇÞ− ÞÐð¸=×− Ðş ½ž½ˇK
?Ó−Ðş ½ž½ˇ =„Ððş ÞK?W Â=×−Ðş ½ž½ˇ =½− ¼=¾ˇð−Ć =˚₣ šÐ=×¹− ½š¹ˇÐş ½ž½ˇ=˚Þˇ Þ½Ð=½− ¼=
?·¹¸ł− ¹ˇ =ˡ ¹˚ ?W Ì=¹¼¦ýş ²=ˇ Þˇ Þ˚ğ ³ž²=½ğ Þ=ðˇ ¹˚ =˚₣ šÐ=×¹− ½š¹ˇ Ðş ½ž½ˇ =
„Þš¹ł− ×−˝ ž³ž=¸=flךޚ¹ł− ×−˝ž³ž=Ùğ ½Ð³ý−Ć
Í×− ¹š˝ ½š=Þˇ =šÞš¹ł− ×− и³š½š=¸=Þˇ =ˇ ךޚ¹ł−×− и³š½š=½− =¾ğ ½Ð³ýş =½ž²=−¦ş Þž²=³ˇ ²K
NK
ˡ ½˙ =½ž=ŠÐ˙¹ðšÐˇ=ý˝ˇ ²=рЭ¸³ž²=обЗЙзI= ЧР˚³½š=x„ЧРЭKz=рˇ Ð=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?Ô¼¦ýK=Ëݸ ³ž²=
sáÇÉç?K
OK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?Ùğ ½Ð³ýş ²?K
PK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=ˇ×ş =?„Þš¹łş ?I=?˜²=ˡÞ− ÞK=ÔĆ ¦ýK?=¸=?Íž=šÞš¹łş ?K
„˙ Þ=š×ÐÝ˚ þš½š=?„Þš¹łş ?I=− =¾ğ ½Ð³ýş ²=½ž²=− ¦ş Þž²=¦ˇ =š˝ Þˇ Ð=×˙ Þ½ˇ =šÞš¹łş²=ð ˇ ½˙ =
½ž=ŠÐ˙ ¹ðšÐˇ =ýÐˇ ²=рЭ¸³ž²=обЗЙзK
„˙ Þ=š×ÐÝ˚ þš½š=?˜²=ˡÞ− ÞK=ÔĆ ¦ýK?I=½ş ½š=− =¾ğ ½Ð³ýş ²=¦ˇ =³Ł ¸³šÐ=ˇÞ˙Ý−ł ˇ =ýš=½Ð²=
¹¼¦ý˝ ³šÐ²=×− ¼=˚ ₣− ¼Þ=ł˝ ÞšÐ=łÐˇ =½− =Ùğ ½Ð³ýş =E³šÝK NUNFK
¹¼¦ý−Ć =ˇ Þˇ Þ˚ğ ³ž²=½ğ Þ=ðˇ ¹˚ K
˚ Þˇ Þ½Ð=½ž²=×−Ðş ½ž½ ˇ ²K
49
Țн− ¼¹ł˝ š²=Ùğ Þž½Ðð¸²=Ëݸ³ž²LËݸ³ž²=sáÇÉç
ÔĆ ¦ýгž=½ž²=÷𦚳ž²=sáÇÉç
NK
ˡ ½˙ =½ž=ŠÐ˙ ¹ðšÐˇ =ý˝ˇ ²=рЭ¸³ž²=обЗЙз=ЧР˚ ³½š=x„×ÐÝKz=ðˇ Ð=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?Ô¼¦ýK=Ëݸ³ž²=
sáÇÉç?K
OK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?÷𦚳ž?K
PK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=a=EÙğ ½KF=¸=b=EÒð−Ć ¹− FK=
50
Цщфпгсбц. МзчбнЮ
ЕрйлпгЮ
Цщфпгсбц. МзчбнЮ
ЕрйлпгЮ
¸опдпт
¸опдпт
ı ¹¸³ž=½−¼=ÍšÞ−Ć
ËĆ ¹Ð− =ÍšÞ−Ć
NK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š= =³½žÞ=ðˇ½˙ ³½ˇ ³ž=ˇÞˇý− Þ¸²K
„ý¾ˇÞ˝ Žš½ˇ Ð=½− =ËĆ ¹Ð− =ýšÞ−Ć K
OK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=aI=bI=c=¸=d=ł Ðˇ =Þˇ =ýˇ¹ð˙¹š½š=½−=ýšÞ−Ć=×−¼=š×Ц¼ýš ˝½š=ðˇÐI=³½ž=
³¼Þ˚₣ šÐˇ I=×Ð˚ ³½š= =łÐˇ =×¹ş³Łˇ³ž=³½ž=ݚн−¼¹ł˝ˇ =×− ¼=³ˇ ²=šÞŠÐˇ¾˚ ¹šÐK
„ý¾ˇÞ˝ Žš½ˇ Ð=½− =¼×− ýšÞ−Ć K
·Ðˇ =Ýš×½−ý˚ ¹šÐš²=³₣ š½Ðð˙ =ýš=½Ð²=š×ÐÝ−ł˚ ²=½− ¼=ýšÞ−Ć I=Šš˝ ½š=½−Þ=×˝Þˇðˇ =³½Ð²=
³šÝ˝Šˇ OQU=ðˇ Ð=OQVK
ı ¹¸³ž=½−¼=ÍšÞ−Ć =ýš=½žÞ=̦ş Þž=³½ž=Ê˚ ³ž=Ó¹ −Ł− ݸ²
NK
Ô¼¦ý˝ ³½š=½− =½žÝ˚¾ğ Þ− =³½ž=¦˚³ž=×¹−Ł− ݸ²=½ž²=−¦şÞž²K
OK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=½− =×ݸð½¹− =¾ğ½−ł¹ˇ ¾Ðð¸²=ýž₣ˇ Þ¸²=łÐˇ =Þˇ =šý¾ˇÞ˝ ³š½š=½− =ðĆ ¹Ð− =ýšÞ−Ć K
PK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=½− =×Ýš¼¹Ððş =š×˙Þğ =¸=½− =×Ýš¼¹Ððş =ð˙½ğ =×ݸð½¹− =ł Ðˇ =Þˇ =ý𽎠ðÐÞ¸³š½š=½žÞ=
š³½˝ˇ ³ž=š×˙Þğ=¸=ð˙½ğ I=³½ž=³¼Þ˚₣ šÐˇ =×Ð˚ ³½š=½− =×ݸð½¹− =¾ğ½−ł¹ˇ ¾Ðð¸²=ýž₣ˇ Þ¸²K
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=½− =×ݸð½¹−=ˇ ðĆ¹ğ ³ž²=łÐˇ =Þˇ =š×г½¹˚ Ğ š½š=³½− =ËĆ ¹Ð− =ýšÞ−Ć K
Â=š³½˝ˇ ³ž=³š=˚Þˇ =šÐð−Þ˝ ŠÐ− =ýšÞ−Ć =ý𽎠ðÐÞš˝½ˇ Ð=ýš=½− Þ=˝ ŠÐ− =½¹ş×−=ş×ğ ²=ðˇ Ð=³½žÞ=
ðˇ Þ− ÞÐð¸=¦˚ ³ž=½ž²=− ¦ş Þž²I=₣ ¹ž³Ðý− ×− Ðć Þ½ˇ ²=½ˇ =×Ýš¼¹Ðð˙ =×Ý¸ð½¹ˇ =š×˙ Þğ =ðˇ Ð=
ð˙ ½ğ I=ş ×ğ ²=Šš˝₣ Þ− ¼Þ=½ˇ =Ł˚ Ýž=³½žÞ=šÐðş Þˇ K
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Šš˝ ½š=½ž=³šÝ˝Šˇ NUK
51
ı ¹¸³ž=½−¼=ÍšÞ−Ć
Ò¼Þ½− ýšĆ ³šÐ²
Ú− =½žÝ˚ ¾ğ Þş =³ˇ ²=ŠÐˇ ¦˚ ½šÐ=˚ Þˇ =×ݸð½¹− =³¼Þ½ş ýš¼³ž²=E×− ¼=˚₣ šÐ=ˇ ޽г½− Ð₣ г½š˝ =³½− =
×ݸð½¹− =³¼Þ½ ş ýš¼³ž²W=
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ËÝž¦ ˚ Þ½š²= fl ¹Ð¦ý −˝
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„гš¹ ₣şýšÞš²=Ëݸ³šÐ²
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Âýš¹ −Ý şł Ð −
≥
fl ¹Ð¦ý −ýž ₣ ˇ Þ¸
≥
 ₣−ł¹ ˙ ¾ž³ž=Ù ğÞ¸²
ı ¹¸³ž=½ğÞ=Ò¼Þ½− ýšĆ ³šğ Þ
NK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=½− =×ݸð½¹− =³¼Þ½ş ýš¼³ž²K
OK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=½− =³½−Ð₣š˝ −=×− ¼=š×Ц¼ýš˝ ½šK
Ó¹−³ˇ ¹ý−ł¸=½ğ Þ=Ò¼Þ½− ýšĆ³šğÞ
NK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=½− =×ݸð½¹− =³¼Þ½ş ýš¼³ž²K
OK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=x„×ÐÝKz=ðˇ Ð=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?fl ޽г½−˝ ₣ ž³ž?K
„ý¾ˇÞ˝ Žš½ˇ Ð=ž=Ý˝ ³½ˇ =ýš=½ˇ =ŠÐˇ¦˚ ³Ðýˇ =³½−Ð₣š˝ˇ K
PK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=½− =³½−Ð₣š˝ −=×− ¼=š×Ц¼ýš˝ ½šK
Òžýš˝ğ ³ž
≥
·Ðˇ =Þˇ =ý 𽎠ðÐÞ¸³š½š=½− =³ ½ −Ð₣š˝ − =³½ž=Ý˝ ³½ˇ =×− ¼=šý¾ˇÞ˝ Žš½ˇ Ð=³½− =ُýˇ=NI =ý ˇ¹ð˙¹š½š=
½− =³½− Ð₣ š˝− I=×Ð˚ ³½š=x„×ÐÝKz=ðˇ Ð=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=
Ò½ž=³¼Þ˚₣ šÐˇ =×Ð˚ ³½š=
FI=ý š=½−=−×−˝ −=ý×−¹š˝½š=Þˇ=˚₣š½š=ł¹¸ł−¹ž=×¹ş³Łˇ³ž=³½−=
S
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a
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Íš½ˇð˝ Þž³ž?K
52
„гˇłğł ¸=ıˇ ¹ˇ 𽸹ğ Þ
·Ð ˇ =Þ ˇ =šÐ³ ˇł˙ ł š½š= ₣ˇ¹ ˇ 𽸹š²= ş½ˇ Þ=ŠžýÐ − ¼¹ łš˝ ½š=ð ˇ ½ ˇ ₣𠹸³šÐ²=È ˝³½ ˇ ²=„× ˇ ¾ ć ÞI=
ł¹ˇ ×½˙ =ýžÞ Ćýˇ ½ˇ =¸=ýžÞĆýˇ ½ˇ =× −ݼý ˚³ ğÞ=ðÝ×KI=×Ð ˚³½š=½ ˇ= ˇÞ½ ˝³½ −Ð ₣ˇ=×Ý¸ð½¹ˇK
Ò½ž=ý˚¦− Š− =šÐ³ˇłğł ¸²=ýš=×− Ýݡ×ݸ=×˝ š³ž=×ݸð½¹ğ ÞI=×Ð˚ ³½š=š×ˇ ÞšÐÝžýý˚Þˇ =ð˙ ¦š=
×ݸð½¹− =ý˚₣ ¹Ð=Þˇ =šý¾ˇ Þг½š˝=− =₣ ˇ¹ˇ 𽸹ˇ ²=×− ¼=¦˚ Ýš½šK=·Ðˇ =ס¹˙ ŠšÐłýˇ I=×Ð˚ ³½š=½−=
H
=ý ˝ˇ =¾ −¹˙ = ł Ðˇ =Þ ˇ =šý¾ ˇ Þг½š ˝ =½ −= ł ¹˙ ýý ˇ =^=¸=Š Ć− =¾ −¹˚ ²= ł Ðˇ =Þ ˇ =šý¾ ˇ Þг½š ˝ =½ − =
ł¹˙ ýýˇ =_K
Ó˝ Þˇ ðˇ ²=ıˇ ¹ˇ 𽸹ğ Þ
ÓÐ˚Ž− Þ½ˇ ²=ð˙ ¦š=×ݸð½¹− I=− Ð=₣ˇ¹ˇ 𽸹š²=ˇ ÝÝ˙Ž− ¼Þ=ýš=½žÞ=ס¹ˇð˙½ğ =³šÐ¹˙ K=Â=³šÐ¹˙=
ŠÐˇ¾˚ ¹šÐ=ˇÞ˙Ý−ł ˇ =ýš=½žÞ=š×ÐÝšłý˚ Þž=łÝć ³³ˇK
„ÝÝžÞÐð˙
Πλήκτρο Κε φαλαί οι Χαρακτήρες Πεζοί Χαρακτήρες Αριθ µοί
.
E½šÝš˝ˇ F
,
Eðş ””ˇF
-
EסĆÝ ˇF
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
E ˇ× ş ³½¹ − ¾ − ²F
fl‡·¿^_`O ˇŁł ˙~ÄÅO O
‚„‰÷abcP ŠšŽ˚ ÇÉÑP P
ÂÊÁ◊ ÿ¯defQ ž¦Ð¸˝İ fi ÖÜáQ Q
ËÈÍghiR рЭэавдR R
ÎÏÌ⁄ jklS Þþ−şãåçS S
ÓÔÒmnopT ×¹³²éèêëT T
@ :1
; ! ’
N
53
„гˇłğł ¸=ıˇ ¹ˇ 𽸹ğ Þ
Πλήκτρο Κε φαλαί οι Χαρακτήρες Πεζοί Χαρακτήρες Αριθµοί
N
O
Q
P
R
G-O
Q
P
R
ÚÛÙ‹ ˘qrsU ½¼¾ ĆŞ˛íìîU U
ıˆ˜›tuvwV ₣Ğğć ïñóòV V
EðšÞş FH=Z=Y=[
„Þˇ ÝÝ˙ ³³šÐ=½− Þ=½Ć×− =½ğ Þ=₣ˇ¹ˇ 𽸹ğ Þ=ýš½ˇþĆ =
½š³³˙¹ğ Þ=š×ÐÝ−łć ÞW=^ÄÅI=^_`I=NOP=ðˇ Ð=~ÄÅK
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%/ ˜<>§=\ | ¥
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) ↵
:
ÓÐ ˚³½š=ð ˇÐ=ð¹ ˇ½¸³½š=×К³ý ˚Þ ˇ =½ ˇ=×ݸ𽹠ˇ=ł Ð ˇ =Þ ˇ=šÐ³ ˙ł š½š=½ − ¼²=
ˇ¹Ð¦ý−Ć ²=MJVK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=ðˇ Ð=ð¹ˇ ½¸³½š=×К³ý˚Þ− =½− =×ݸð½¹− =ł Ðˇ =šÞˇ Ýݡł ¸=ýš½ˇþĆ =½ž²=
ýš¦şŠ− ¼=šÐ³ˇłğł¸²=ðšÐý ˚Þ− ¼=ýš=×− Ýݡ ×ݸ=×˝ š³ž=×ݸð½¹ğ Þ=ðˇ Ð=½ž²=
ýš¦şŠ− ¼=šÐ³ˇ łğł ¸²=ÚVK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=ðˇ Ð=ð¹ˇ ½¸³½š=×К³ý˚Þ− =ł Ðˇ =Þˇ =šý¾ˇ Þг½š˝ =ž=−¦ş Þž=·Ýć ³³ˇ ²=
„гˇłğł ¸²K
54
„г ˇłğł ¸= ıˇ¹ ˇð½¸¹ ğ Þ
flÝÝ ˇł¸=½ ğÞ=·Ý ğ³³ ćÞ=„г ˇłğł¸²
Í×− ¹š˝ ½š=Þˇ=ˇ ÝÝ˙ þš½š=½ž=łÝć ³³ˇ =šÐ³ˇ łğł ¸²=³½žÞ=−¦ş Þž=šÐ³ˇ łğł ¸²=ðšÐý˚Þ− ¼K
NK
Ò½žÞ=−¦ş Þž=šÐ³ˇłğł ¸²=ðšÐý˚Þ− ¼=×Ð˚ ³½š=x„×ÐÝKzK=ðˇÐ=š×ÐÝ˚þ½š=?·Ýć³³ ˇ=„гˇłğłK?K
OK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=½ž=łÝć ³³ˇ =×−¼=š×Ц¼ýš˝ ½šK
fl Ýݡ ł¸=½ž²=Íš¦ş Š−¼=„гˇ łğł ¸²
Í˚ ¦− Š− ²=„гˇłğł ¸²=ËšÐý˚ Þ− ¼=qV
Â=ý˚¦− Š− ²=šÐ³ˇłğł ¸²=ðšÐý˚Þ− ¼=qV=š×н¹˚ ךÐ=½ž=ł ¹¸ł− ¹ž=ðˇ Ð=šĆð− Ýž=šÐ³ˇłğł ¸=
ðšÐý˚Þ− ¼K
NK
Ò½žÞ=−¦ş Þž=šÐ³ˇłğł ¸²=ðšÐý˚Þ− ¼=×Ð˚ ³½š=ðˇ Ð=ð¹ˇ ½¸³½š=×К³ý˚Þ− =½− = P=ł Ðˇ =Þˇ =
šÞš¹ł− ×− и³š½š=½ž=ý˚ ¦− Š− =šÐ³ˇ łğł ¸²=qVK
OK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=x„×ÐÝKz=ðˇ Ð=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?Í˚ ¦K=„гˇłğł ¸²?K
PK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=½ž=ý˚¦− Š−=šÐ³ˇłğł ¸²=E^ÄÅI=^_` I=~ÄÅI=NOPFK
QK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=ð˙ ¦š=×ݸð½¹− =ý˝ˇ =¾−¹˙=ł Ðˇ=½−=ł ¹˙ ýýˇ =×− ¼=¦˚ Ýš½š=Þˇ =šÐ³ˇł ˙łš½š=ðˇÐ=½ −=
− ×− ˝ − =ˇÞ½Ð³½−Ð₣ š˝ =³½ −=³¼ł ðšð¹Ðý˚Þ − =×ݸð½¹−K
·Ðˇ =Þˇ =šÐ³ˇł ˙ł š½š=½ž=Ý˚ þž=?Óć²?I=×Ð˚ ³½š= M=O=MK
RK
„˙ Þ=ž=Ý˚ þž=×− ¼=šý¾ˇÞ˝ Žš½ˇ Ð=ŠšÞ=š˝Þˇ Ð= ˇ¼½¸=×− ¼=¦˚ Ýš½šI=×Ð˚³½š= a=¸=b=ý˚₣ ¹Ð=Þˇ=
ýˇ ¹ð˙ ¹š½š=½ž=³ğ ³½¸=Ý˚ þžK
SK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š= =łÐˇ =Þˇ =š×ÐÝ˚ þš½š=½ž=Ý˚ þžK
Òžýš˝ğ ³ž
≥
„ ˙Þ=ž=³ ğ ³½¸=Ý ˚þž=ŠšÞ=šý¾ ˇÞ ˝Žš½ ˇÐ=³½ −= Ł ¸ý ˇ =RI=šÐ³ ˇ ł ˙ łš½š=½ž=³ğ ³½¸=Ý ˚þž=þ ˇÞ ˙ =
ˇ¾−Ć =×¹− žł− ¼ý ˚Þğ ²=š×г½¹˚Ğ š½š=³½ž=ý˚¦− Š− =šÐ³ ˇłğł¸²=ðšÐý˚Þ− ¼=ýš=×− Ýݡ×ݸ=
× ˝š³ž=×ݸ𽹠ğÞK
55
„гˇłğł ¸=ıˇ ¹ˇ 𽸹ğ Þ
Ò¼ýŁ− ¼Ý¸
≥
„˙ Þ=×Ð˚ ³š½š=Q=ˇ Þ½˝ =½− ¼=Ł ¸ýˇ½− ²=SI=šÐ³˙łš½ ˇÐ=ðšÞş =ŠÐ˙ ³½žýˇ =ýš½˙ =½žÞ=
š×ÐÝšłý˚ Þž=Ý˚ þžK
ÒĆ ýŁ− ݡ =ðˇ Ð=Òžýš˝ˇ =Ò½˝ þž²
NK
Ò½žÞ=−¦ş Þž=šÐ³ˇłğł ¸²=ðšÐý˚Þ− ¼=×Ð˚ ³½š=x„×ÐÝKz=ðˇÐ=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?Ó¹− ³¦K=Ò¼ýŁşÝ− ¼?K
OK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=½− =³ĆýŁ−Ý−=×−¼=š×Ц¼ýš˝ ½šK
Ú− =ÈšþÐðş =ý− ¼
Í×− ¹š˝ ½š=Þˇ =ŠžýÐ− ¼¹ł ¸³š½š=½ž=ŠÐð¸=³ˇ ²=Ý˝ ³½ˇ =Ý˚ þšğ Þ=łÐˇ =½ž=ý˚ ¦−Š− =šÐ³ˇ łğł ¸²=
ðšÐý˚Þ− ¼=ÚVK
NK
Ò½žÞ=−¦ş Þž=šÐ³ˇłğł ¸²=ðšÐý˚Þ− ¼I=³½ž=ý˚¦− Š−=šÐ³ˇłğł ¸²=ðšÐý˚Þ− ¼=ÚVI=×Ð˚ ³½š=
x„×ÐÝKz=ðˇ Ð=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?Ú− =ÈšþÐðş =ý− ¼?K
OK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?Ó¹− ³¦¸ðž=Þ˚ˇ²=Ý˚ þž²?=ðˇ Ð=šÐ³˙ł š½š=ý˝ˇ=Þ˚ˇ=Ý˚ þžK
·Ðˇ =Þˇ =šÐ³˙ł š½š=ý˝ˇ =Ý˚ þž=³½ž=Ý˝³½ˇ
NK
Ò½žÞ=−¦ş Þž=šÐ³ˇłğł ¸²=ðšÐý˚Þ− ¼I=³½ž=ý˚¦− Š−=šÐ³ˇłğł ¸²=ðšÐý˚Þ− ¼=ÚVI=×Ð˚ ³½š=
x„×ÐÝKz=ðˇ Ð=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?Ú− =ÈšþÐðş =ý− ¼?K
OK
͡ ¹ð˙ ¹š½š=½ž=Ý˚ þž=×− ¼=š×Ц¼ýš˝ ½šK
PK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=x„×ÐÝKz=ðˇ Ð=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?„ךþš¹łˇ³˝ˇ ?K
QK
„ךþš¹łˇ ³½š˝ ½š=½ž=Ý˚þžK
56
„г ˇłğł ¸= ıˇ¹ ˇð½¸¹ ğ Þ
ı¹¸³ž=Ó¹ −½ Ć× ğÞ
⁄ ½ˇ Þ=šÐ³˙ łš½š=₣ ˇ ¹ˇ 𽸹š²I=ý×− ¹š ˝ ½š=Þ ˇ=₣¹ž³Ðý− ×− и³š½š=½Ð²=×¹− ½˙ ³šÐ²=× − ¼=˚ ₣− ¼Þ=
ðˇ ½ˇ₣ğ ¹ž¦š˝ =³½ˇ =Ó¹ş ½¼×ˇ =Ëš˝ ýšÞˇ K
·Ðˇ =ך¹Ð³³ş ½š¹š²=Ýš×½−ý˚ ¹šÐš²=³₣ š½Ðð˙ =ýš=½ž=ŠžýÐ− ¼¹ł˝ˇ=×¹ ş ½¼×ğ Þ=ðšÐý˚Þğ ÞI=
Šš˝ ½š=?Ó¹− ³¦¸ðž=Ù¹˙ ³šğ Þ=³š=Ó¹ş ½¼×ˇ =Ëš˝ ýšÞˇ ?=³½ž=³šÝ˝Šˇ NPVK
NK
Ò½žÞ=−¦ş Þž =šÐ³ˇłğł ¸²=ðšÐý˚Þ− ¼=ý𠽎ðÐÞ¸³½š=½− =й−ý˚ˇ =³½ž=¦˚ ³ž=×−¼=¦˚Ýš½š=Þˇ=
šÐ³˙ł š½š=½− =×¹ş ½¼×−K
OK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=x„×ÐÝKz=ðˇ Ð=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?„ЊÐð˚ ²=Ô¼¦ýK?K
PK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?„гˇł K=Ó¹−½Ć×− ¼? K
QK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=½− =×¹ş ½¼×− =ðš˝ ýšÞ− =×− ¼= š×Ц¼ýš˝ ½šK
Ú− =š×ÐÝšł ý˚ Þ− =×¹ş ½¼×− =ðš˝ ýšÞ− =šÐ³˙ł 𽎠ÐK
fl޽Рł¹ ˇ¾¸I= fl×− ð− ׸=ð ˇÐ=„×Ððş ÝÝž³ž=ËšÐý˚Þ− ¼
ı ¹ž³Ðý−×− Ðć Þ½ ˇ ²=ˇ ¼½˚ ²=½Ð²=š×ÐÝ−ł ˚ ²I=ý×− ¹š ˝ ½š=Þ ˇ =×¹ ˇłý ˇ ½− × − и³š½š=š×šþš¹ ł ˇ ³˝ˇ =
ðšÐý˚Þ− ¼=šĆ ð− ݡK
fl Þ½Ðł¹ ˇ ¾¸=ðˇ Ð=fl ×− ð − ׸=ËšÐý ˚Þ− ¼
NK
Ò½žÞ=−¦ş Þž=šÐ³ˇłğł ¸²=ðšÐý˚Þ− ¼I=×Ð˚ ³½š=x„×ÐÝKz=ðˇ Ð=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?„ЊÐð˚ ²=Ô¼¦ýK?K
OK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?fl Þ½Ðł¹ˇ ¾¸?=¸=?fl ×−ð− ׸?K
PK
Íš½ˇ ðÐÞ¸³½š=½− =й−ý˚ˇ =³½− =×¹ć½−=ł¹˙ ýýˇ =× −¼=¦ˇ=ˇ Þ½Ðł¹ˇ ¾š˝ =¸=¦ˇ =ˇ ×−ð−ך˝=
ðˇ ÐI=ðˇ ½ş×ÐÞI=×Ð˚ ³½š= K
QK
Íš½ˇ ðÐÞ¸³½š=½− =й−ý˚ˇ =³½− =½šÝ 𼽎˝−=ł¹˙ ýýˇ =łÐˇ =Þˇ =ýˇ ¹ð˙¹š½š=½žÞ=ך¹Ð−₣ ¸=
ðˇ ÐI=ðˇ ½ş×ÐÞI=×Ð˚ ³½š= K
57
„гˇłğł ¸=ıˇ ¹ˇ 𽸹ğ Þ
„×Ððş ÝÝž³ž=ËšÐý˚Þ− ¼
NK
Ò½žÞ=−¦ş Þž=šÐ³ˇłğł ¸²=ðšÐý˚Þ− ¼I= ýš½ˇðÐÞ¸³½š=½−=й−ý ˚ˇ=³½ž=¦˚³ž=×−¼=¦˚Ýš½š=
Þˇ =š×Ðð− Ýݸ³š½š=½ˇ=ł ¹˙ýýˇ½ˇK
OK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=x„×ÐÝKz=ðˇ Ð=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?„ЊÐð˚ ²=Ô¼¦ýK?K
PK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?„×Ððş ÝÝž³ž?K
Ú− =ˇ ×− ¦žðš¼ý˚ Þ− =ðš˝ ýšÞ− =š×Ðð− ÝÝ˙ ½ˇ ÐK
58
ЕрбцЭт
ЛЯуфб Ербцюн
ДйбчеЯсйуз ПмЬдбт
ЛЯуфб Фбч. КлЮу
Уфпйч. Ербц. Мпх
ЕйдйкЭт Схим.
ЕрйлпгЮ
Ðßóù
È˝ ³½ˇ =„ס¾ć Þ
Ò½ž=È˝ ³½ˇ =„ס¾ć Þ=”×−¹š˝ ½š=Þˇ=ˇ×− ¦žðšĆ ³š½š=½− ¼²=ˇ ¹Ð¦”−Ć ²=½žÝš¾ćÞ− ¼=ðˇ Ð=½Ð²=
ŠÐš¼¦Ć Þ³šÐ²=ÉJã~áä=½ğ Þ=¾˝Ýğ Þ=³ˇ ²I=½ğÞ=”šÝć Þ=½ž²=− Ðð−ł˚ ÞšÐˇ ²=ðˇ Ð=½ğ Þ=³¼Þš¹łˇ½ ć Þ=
³ˇ ²K
Ò½− =½žÝ˚¾ğ Þş =³ˇ ²=ý×−¹−Ć Þ=Þˇ=ˇ×− ¦žðš¼½−Ć Þ=˚ğ²=ð ˇÐ=RMM=ðˇ½ˇ₣𠹸³šÐ²K=Òš=ý˝ˇ =
È˝ ³½ˇ =„ס ¾ć ÞI=ý×− ¹š˝ ½š=Þˇ =ˇ ×− ¦žðšĆ ³š½š=½ˇ =ס ¹ˇ ð˙ ½ğ =³½− Ð₣ š˝ˇ W
Ò½−Ð₣š˝ˇ =×− ¼=fl×− ¦žðš Ć− Þ½ˇ Ð=³½ž=ÍÞ¸ýž=½− ¼=ڞݚ¾ćÞ−¼
⁄ Þ− ý ˇ W= ˚ ğ²=ð ˇ Ð=NS=₣ ˇ ¹ˇ 𽸹š²
„×ć Þ¼ý− W= ˚ğ ²=ðˇ Ð=NS=₣ˇ¹ˇ 𽸹š²
ÚžÝK=NW= ˚ğ ²=ðˇ Ð=PO=Ğ ž¾˝ˇ
ÚžÝK=O=Ešý¾ˇÞ˝ Žš½ˇ Ð=ş½ˇ Þ=¼× ˙¹₣ šÐ=ðˇ½ˇ₣ć ¹ž³ž=łÐˇ =½− =?ÚžÝK=N?FW=
˚ ğ²=ð ˇ Ð=PO=Ğž¾ ˝ˇ
ÚžÝK=P=Ešý¾ˇÞ˝ Žš½ˇ Ð=ş½ˇ Þ=¼× ˙¹₣ šÐ=¸Šž=ðˇ½ˇ₣ć ¹ž³ž=łÐˇ =½− =?ÚžÝK=O?FW=
˚ ğ²=ð ˇ Ð=PO=Ğž¾ ˝ˇ
bã~áäNW= ˚ğ ²=ðˇ Ð=NOU=₣ˇ¹ˇ 𽸹š²
bã~áäO=Ešý¾ˇÞ˝ Žš½ˇÐ=ş½ ˇÞ=¼×˙¹₣ šÐ=ðˇ½ˇ₣ć¹ž³ž=łÐˇ =½− =?bã~áäN?FW=
˚ ğ²=ð ˇ Ð=NOU=₣ ˇ ¹ˇ 𽸹š²
bã~áäP=Ešý¾ˇÞ˝ Žš½ˇÐ=ş½ ˇÞ=¼×˙¹₣ šÐ=¸Šž=ðˇ½ˇ₣ć¹ž³ž=łÐ ˇ=½−=?bã~áäO?FW=
˚ ğ²=ð ˇ Ð=NOU=₣ ˇ ¹ˇ 𽸹š²
Ìý˙Ў W= NS=−ý˙ Šš²=EÂ=š×šþš¹łˇ³˝ˇ=½ğÞ=
− Þ− ý˙ ½ ğ Þ=½ğ Þ= −ý˙ Š ğ Þ= ł˝Þ𽎠Ð=ˇ × ş =½− =
ýšÞ−Ć =‚Ðˇ₣š ˝ ¹Ð³ž=Ìý˙Ў ²KF
⁄Þ− ý ˇ=й şý −¼W= ˚ğ²=ð ˇÐ=SQ= ₣ ˇ¹ ˇð½¸¹š²
⁄Þ− ý ˇ=× şÝž²W= ˚ğ²=ð ˇÐ=SQ= ₣ ˇ¹ ˇð½¸¹š²
⁄Þ− ý ˇ=Þ −ý −ĆW= ˚ğ²=ð ˇÐ=SQ= ₣ ˇ¹ ˇð½¸¹š²
Ú ˇ₣ K=Ë ć ŠKW= ˚ğ ²=ð ˇÐ=OM= ₣ˇ ¹ ˇð½¸¹š²
⁄Þ− ý ˇ=₣ć ¹ ˇ²W= ˚ğ²=ð ˇÐ=PO= ₣ ˇ¹ ˇð½¸¹š²
Òžýš ˝ğ ³žW= ˚ğ ²=ð ˇÐ=ORS= ₣ˇ¹ ˇ 𽸹š²
=Ej=UJNF
59
È˝ ³½ˇ =„ס ¾ć Þ
Âýš¹K=·˚ ÞÞž³ž²W
Ùğ ½−ł ¹ˇ ¾˝ˇ W
fl ޽г½K=ÚşÞ− ¼LsáÇÉç=E·Ð ˇ =Ëݸ³ž=ÙğÞ¸²I=·Ð ˇ =Ëݸ³ž=sáÇÉçI=·Ðˇ =Î ˚− =͸޼ý ˇ FW
ͼ³½ÐðşW
Ò½−Ð₣š˝ˇ =×− ¼=fl×− ¦žðš Ć− Þ½ˇ Ð=³½ž=ÍÞ¸ýž=pfj
⁄ Þ− ý ˇ W ˚ ğ²=ð ˇ Ð=NS=₣ ˇ ¹ˇ 𽸹š²
ÚžÝK=NW ˚ğ ²=PO=Ğ ž¾˝ˇ
ÚžÝK=O=Ešý¾ˇÞ˝ Žš½ˇ Ð=š˙ Þ=šÐ³ˇ₣ ¦š˝ =?ÚžÝK=N?FW
bã~áäNW ˚ğ ²=ðˇ Ð=UM=₣ˇ¹ˇ 𽸹š²
Ìý˙Ў WN N =−ý˙ Šš²=EÂ=š×šþš¹łˇ³˝ˇ=½ ğÞ=−Þ−ý˙ ½ğÞ=½ğÞ=−ý˙ ŠğÞ=
ı ¹ž³Ðý−×− Ðć Þ½ ˇ ²=½ž=¦Ć¹ ˇ =¼×˚ ¹¼¦¹ğÞ=¸=½ž=ݚн− ¼¹ ł˝ˇ =ˇ ³ Ć ¹ý ˇ ½ž²=³ Ć ÞŠš³ž²=
_дмЙнззнЬ
žÝšð½¹− ÞÐðş =¼×−Ý−ł г½¸=łÐˇ =Þˇ =ŠÐˇý− й˙ ³š½š=½Ð²=˝ ŠÐš²=ðˇ½ˇ₣𠹸³šÐ²K
=ý×− ¹š˝ ½š=Þˇ =³½š˝ Ýš½š=ý˝ˇ =ðˇ½ˇ₣ć ¹ž³ž=½ž²=È˝ ³½ˇ ²=„ס¾ć Þ=³š=˚Þˇ Þ=
˚ ğ²=PO= Ğ ž¾ ˝ˇ
ł˝Þš½ ˇÐ= ₣¹ž³Ðý −× −Ð ćÞ½ ˇ²=½žÞ=š×ÐÝ −ł¸=‚Ð ˇ ₣š˝ ¹Ð³ž=
Ìý˙Ў ²KF
flÝÝ ˇł¸=Ë ˇ½ ˙½ ˇþž²=ÌÞ −ý ˙½ğ Þ
?„ס¾˚ ²?=→=?„ЊÐð˚ ²=Ô¼¦ýK?=→=?Í− ¹¾¸=−Þşýˇ ½− ²?
NK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?⁄Þ− ýˇ =„× ćÞ¼ý− ?=¸=?„×ć Þ¼ý−=⁄ Þ− ýˇ ?K
fl Ýݡ ł¸=½ž²=È ˝ ³½ˇ ²=×−¼=„ý¾ ˇ Þ˝ Žš½ˇ Ð
?„ס¾˚ ²?=→=?„ЊÐð˚ ²=Ô¼¦ýK?=→=?Ê˚ ³ž=„ס¾ć Þ?
NK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?Ò¼³ðš¼¸?=¸=?pfj?K
60
È˝ ³½ˇ =„ס ¾ć Þ
„×ÐÝ−ł ¸=½ž²=ÍÞ¸ýž²=fl×− ¦¸ðš¼³ž²
?„ס¾˚ ²?=→=?„ЊÐð˚ ²=Ô¼¦ýK?=→=?fl ×K=Î˚ğ Þ=„ס ¾K=³š?
NK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=ý˝ˇ =¦˚ ³ž=„ס¾ć Þ=ˇ×ş =?ÍÞ¸ýž=Ò¼³ð𼏲?I=?ÍÞ¸ýž=pfj?=¸=?„×ÐÝ−ł ¸?K
Ò¼ýŁ− ¼Ý¸
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Â=?„×ÐÝ−ł ¸?=³ˇ ²=×¹− ½¹˚ ךÐ=Þˇ =š×ÐÝ˚ł š½š=½ž=ýÞ¸ýž=ð˙ ¦š=¾ −¹˙ =×− ¼=ˇ×− ¦žðšĆ š½š=
ý˝ˇ =Þ˚ˇ =ðˇ ½ˇ₣ć¹ž³žK
flÝÝ ˇł¸=Ë ˇ½ ˙½ ˇþž²=È ˝³½ ˇ²=„× ˇ¾ć Þ
Í× − ¹š ˝½š=Þ ˇ= ˇ ÝÝ ˙þš½š=½žÞ=ð ˇ½ ˙ ½ ˇ þž=½ ğ Þ=ð ˇ½ ˇ ₣𠹸³š ğ Þ=½ž²=È ˝³½ ˇ²=„× ˇ¾ć Þ=³š=
ˇÝ¾ ˇŁž½Ðð¸=¸= ˇÞ ˙=− ý ˙Š ˇK
?„ס¾˚ ²?=→=?„ЊÐð˚ ²=Ô¼¦ýK?=→=?Ó¹−Ł− ݸ=„ס¾ć Þ?
NK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?fl ݾˇŁ ž½Ðð¸=ˡ½˙½ˇ þž?=¸=?ˡ½˙ =Ìý˙ Ў ?K
Ó¹− ³¦¸ðž=Î˚ˇ²=„ס ¾¸²
Í× −¹š ˝ ½š=Þ ˇ =š×ÐÝ ˚ þš½š=š ˝ ½š=½ž=ýÞ¸ýž=½ −¼=½žÝš¾ ćÞ − ¼=š ˝ ½š=½ž=ýÞ¸ýž=½ž²=ð ˙ ¹½ ˇ ²=pfj=
łÐˇ =Þˇ =ˇ × −¦žðš 󚽚=½ž=Þ˚ˇ =ðˇ½ ˇ₣ć¹ž³žK=·Ðˇ =š Þˇ Ýݡł ¸=½ğÞ=¦˚ ³šğÞI=Šš˝½š=?„×ÐÝ−ł¸=
½ž²=ÍÞ¸ýž²=fl×− ¦¸ðš¼³ž²?K
Ú− =×Ý ¸¦− ²=½ğ Þ=ˇ¹Ð¦ýćÞ=½žÝš¾ćÞ−¼=×−¼=ý×− ¹š˝ ½š=Þˇ=ˇ×− ¦žðšĆ ³š½š=³½žÞ=ð˙ ¹½ˇ =pfj =
šþˇ ¹½˙½ˇ Ð=ˇ×ş =½ ž =₣ğ¹ž½Ððş ½ž½˙=½ž²K=·Ðˇ =ך¹Ð³ ³ş ½š¹š²=×Ýž¹−¾−¹˝ š²I=š×Ðð− ÐÞğ Þ¸³½š=
ýš=½− Þ=ס¹−₣ ˚ˇ =ŠÐð½Ć− ¼K
?„ס¾˚ ²?=→=?È˝ ³½ˇ =„ס¾ć Þ?= →=?Ó¹− ³¦K=k˚ˇ ²=„×K?
„˙ Þ=š×ÐÝ˚ þš½š=?„×ÐÝ−ł¸?=łÐˇ =½ž=ýÞ¸ýž=×− ¼=¦ˇ=₣ ¹ž³Ðý− ×− О¦š˝ I=½ş ½š=ý×− ¹š˝ ½š=Þˇ=
š×ÐÝ˚ þš½š=ˇÞ˙ ý𳎠=³½ž=?Ò½ž=ýÞ¸ýž=Ò¼³ðK?=ðˇÐ=½ž=?Ò½ž=ýÞ¸ýž=p fj?K
NK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=½− =×šŠ˝− =×− ¼=¦˚ Ýš½ š=Þˇ=³¼ý×Ýž¹ć³š½š=ð ˇÐ=šÐ³˙łš½š=½ž=³₣š½Ðð¸=
×Ýž¹−¾−¹˝ˇ K
OK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=xfl×− ¦¸ðKz=ş ½ˇ Þ=½šÝšÐć ³š½šK
61
È˝ ³½ˇ =„ס ¾ć Þ
Ò¼ýŁ− ¼Ý¸
≥
·Ð ˇ=Þ ˇ=Šžý Ð − ¼¹ ł ¸³š½š=ýÐ ˇ=ð ˇ½ ˇ ₣ć ¹ž³žI=¦ ˇ=× ¹ ˚ךÐ=Þ ˇ=³¼ý×Ýž¹ ć ³š½š=½ − ¼Ý ˙₣ г½ − Þ=
˚Þ ˇ= ˇ×ş =½ ˇ=×šŠ ˝ˇ=E? ⁄Þ− ý ˇ?I=?„×ć Þ¼ý− ?I=?ÚžÝK=N?=¸=?bã~áäN?=łÐˇ=½ž=ýÞ¸ýž=½ž²=
³¼³ð𼏲=ð ˇÐ=? ⁄Þ− ý ˇ ?I=?ÚžÝK=N?=¸=?bã~áäN?=łÐˇ=½ž=ýÞ¸ýž=½ž²=ð ˙¹½ ˇ²=pfjFK
Ó¹− ³¦¸ðž=ýÐˇ²=ÍÐð¹−ł ¹ˇ ¾˝ˇ ²=Ùğ ½−ł¹ˇ ¾˝ˇ ²=EÒĆ Þ−ĞžF=³š=ýÐˇ =ˡ½ˇ ₣ć¹ž³ž
?„ס¾˚ ²?=→=?È˝ ³½ˇ =„ס¾ć Þ?
NK
͡ ¹ð˙ ¹š½š=½žÞ=ðˇ ½ˇ₣ć ¹ž³ž=×− ¼=š×Ц¼ýš˝ ½šK
OK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=x„×ÐÝKz=ðˇ Ð=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?„ךþš¹łˇ³˝ˇ ?K
PK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?Ùğ½−ł ¹KW?K
QK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?fl ޽г½K=Ùğ½−ł¹K?K
RK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=½ž=¾ğ½−ł¹ˇ ¾˝ˇ=×− ¼=š×Ц¼ýš˝½šK
SK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=xfl×− ¦¸ðKz=ş ½ˇ Þ=½šÝšÐć ³š½šK
Òžýš˝ğ ³ž
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„ ˙Þ=ŠÐ ˇł ¹ ˙Ğ š½š= ˇ× ş =½ž=ýÞ¸ýž=½ž²=³¼³ð𼏲=ý ˝ˇ=¾ğ½ −ł ¹ˇ¾ ˝ˇI=¦ ˇ=ŠÐ ˇł¹ ˇ ¾š ˝=ð ˇÐ=ž=
ˇÞ½ ˝³½ −Ð ₣ž=ýÐð¹−ł ¹ˇ¾˝ˇ=¾ğ ½−ł ¹ˇ¾˝ˇ²K
Ó¹−Ł− ݸ=Èš×½− ýš¹šÐć Þ=³½Ð²=„ס¾˚ ²=ý−¼
Í×− ¹š˝ ½š=Þˇ =ðˇ½ˇ₣𠹸³š½š=ðˇ Ð=Þˇ =š×šþš¹łˇ ³½š˝ ½š=½Ð²=ŠÐð˚ ²=³ˇ ²=š×ˇ¾˚ ²=ş×ğ ²=ðˇÐ=
½Ð²=˙ ÝÝš²=ðˇ½ˇ₣𠹸³šÐ²=½ž²=È˝ ³½ˇ ²=„ס¾ć ÞK
?„ס¾˚ ²?=→=?Ò½−Ð₣ K=„ס ¾K=Í− ¼?
62
=Ej=UJQF
È˝ ³½ˇ =„ס ¾ć Þ
fl Þ½Ðł¹ ˇ ¾¸=ˡ ½ˇ ₣𹸳šğ Þ=È˝ ³½ ˇ ²=„× ˇ¾ć Þ=ýš½ ˇþĆ =Ë ˙ ¹½ ˇ ²=pfj=ð ˇ Ð=
Ò¼³ð𼏲
?„ס¾˚ ²?=→=?„ЊÐð˚ ²=Ô¼¦ýK?=→=?fl Þ½Ðł¹ˇ ¾¸=⁄ Ýğ Þ?
NK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=ˇ×ş =?fl׺ =pfj=³š=Ò¼³ðš¼¸?=¸=?fl׺ =Ò¼³ðš¼¸=³š=pfj?K
Òžýš˝ğ ³ž
≥
⁄ ½ˇ Þ=½−×− ¦š½¸³š½š=½žÞ=ð˙ ¹½ ˇ =pfj=³½ − =½žÝ ˚¾ğ Þ ş =³ ˇ ²= ł Ð ˇ =×¹ ć½ž=¾−¹˙ =ð ˇ Ð=
þšðÐÞ¸³š½š=½žÞ=𾎠¹ý−ł ¸=½ž²=È˝ ³½ˇ ²=„ס¾ć ÞI=¦ˇ =šý¾ˇ Þг½š˝=ˇ ¼½şýˇ ½ˇ =ž=−¦ş Þž=
š×ÐŁšŁˇ˝ ğ ³ž²=ðˇ Ð=¦ˇ =š¹ğ ½ž¦š˝ ½š=š˙ Þ=¦˚ Ýš½š=Þ ˇ =×¹−₣𠹸³š½š=¸=ş₣ Ð=³½žÞ=
ˇÞ½Ð ł¹ ˇ¾¸K=Ì= ˇ¹Ð¦ý ş²=½ ğÞ=ð ˇ½ ˇ₣𹸳š ğÞ=È˝³½ ˇ²=„× ˇ¾ć Þ=×− ¼=ý×− ¹−Ć Þ=Þ ˇ=
ˇÞ½Ð ł¹ ˇ¾−Ć Þ=šþ ˇ¹½ ˙½ ˇÐ= ˇ×ş =½ž=₣ğ¹ž½Ðð ş ½ž½ˇ=½ž²=ð˙¹½ˇ²=pfjK
≥
„˙ Þ=− =ŠÐˇ ¦˚ ³Ðý− ²=₣ć ¹− ²=ýÞ¸ýž²=ŠšÞ=š×ˇ ¹ðš˝=ł Ðˇ =½žÞ=ˇ×− ¦¸ðš¼³ž=şÝğ Þ=½ğ Þ=
ðˇ ½ˇ₣𹸳šğ ÞI=ž=ˇ Þ½Ðł ¹ˇ ¾¸=Šš=ý×− ¹š˝ =Þˇ =− Ý− ðÝž¹ğ ¦š˝K
„Ć ¹š³ž=ÌÞş ýˇ ½− ²
?„ס¾˚ ²?=→=?È˝ ³½ˇ =„ס¾ć Þ?
NK
„г˙ł š½š=½ˇ =׹㽎=ł ¹˙ýýˇ½ˇ =½− ¼=− Þşýˇ ½− ²K
Úˇ =ˇ ×− ½šÝ˚ ³ýˇ ½ˇ =½ž²=ˇ Þˇ ޏ½ž³ž²=šý¾ˇÞ˝Ž− Þ½ˇ Ð=³š=ˇ ݾˇŁ ž½Ðð¸=³šÐ¹˙K
Ò¼ýŁ− ¼Ý¸
≥
Í× − ¹š ˝½š=Þ ˇ=š×ÐÝ ˚þš½š=½ž=¦ ˚³ž=½ ğ Þ=„× ˇ¾ć ÞI=?Ò¼³ðš¼¸?=¸=?pfj?I=×¹ÐÞ= ˇ×ş =½žÞ=
ˇÞ ˇŽ¸½ž³žK
Ëݸ³ž=ˇ×ş =½ž=È˝ ³½ˇ =„ס¾ć Þ
?„ס¾˚ ²?=→=?È˝ ³½ˇ =„ס¾ć Þ?
NK
͡ ¹ð˙ ¹š½š=½žÞ=ðˇ ½ˇ₣ć ¹ž³ž=×− ¼=š×Ц¼ ýš˝½š=ðˇ Ð=×Ð˚ ³½š= DK
63
È˝ ³½ˇ =„ס ¾ć Þ
Ò¼ýŁ− ¼Ý¸
≥
„˙ Þ=˚₣− ¼Þ=ðˇ ½ˇ₣ğ¹ž¦š ˝ =ך¹Ð³³ş ½š¹− Ð=ˇ ¹Ð¦ý−˝ I=ýˇ ¹ð˙ ¹š½š=½− Þ=ˇ ¹Ð¦ýş=
½žÝš¾ćÞ− ¼=×− ¼=¦˚ Ýš½š=ýš½˙ =½−=Ł ¸ýˇ =N=ðˇ Ð=×Ð˚ ³½š=
≥
Í×− ¹š˝ ½š=ˇðş ýž=Þˇ =ðˇÝ˚ ³š½š=ˇ×ş =½žÞ=− ¦ş Þž=Ýš×½− ýš¹šÐć Þ=½ž²=È˝ ³½ˇ ²=„ס¾ć ÞK=
Ò½žÞ=−¦şÞž=Ýš×½− ýš¹šÐć ÞI=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=½− Þ=ˇ¹Ð¦ýş=½žÝš¾ćÞ− ¼= ×− ¼=¦˚ Ýš½š=ðˇ Ð=×Ð˚³½š=
D
K
D
K
„ךþš¹łˇ³˝ˇ=ˡ½ˇ ₣𠹸³šğ Þ=½ž²=È˝ ³½ˇ ²=„ס¾ć Þ
?„ס¾˚ ²?=→=?È˝ ³½ˇ =„ס¾ć Þ?
NK
͡ ¹ð˙ ¹š½š=½žÞ=ðˇ ½ˇ₣ć ¹ž³ž=×− ¼=¦˚ Ýš½š=Þˇ =š×šþš¹łˇ ³½š˝ ½šK
OK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=x„×ÐÝKz=ðˇ Ð=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?„ךþš¹łˇ³˝ˇ ?K
PK
fl ÝÝ˙ þ½š=½Ð ²=×Ýž¹−¾− ¹˝ š²K
QK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=xfl×− ¦¸ðKz=ş ½ˇ Þ=½šÝšÐć ³š½šK
‚Ðˇł¹ ˇ ¾¸=ˡ½ˇ₣𠹸³šğ Þ=½ž²=È˝ ³½ˇ ²=„ס¾ć Þ
‚Ðˇł¹ ˇ ¾¸=⁄Ýğ Þ=½ğ Þ=ˡ ½ˇ₣𠹸³šğ Þ=„ס ¾ć Þ
?„ס¾˚ ²?=→=?„ЊÐð˚ ²=Ô¼¦ýK?=→=?‚Ðˇł ¹K=ˡ½ˇ₣𠹸³K?
NK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?ˡ½ˇ₣ğ ¹K=Ò¼³ð𼏲?=¸=?ˡ½ˇ₣𠹸³šÐ²=pfj?K
OK
„гˇł ˙ł š½š=½− Þ=ðğŠÐðş =³¼³ð𼏲K
Ì=×¹− š×ÐÝšłý˚ Þ− ²=ðğ ŠÐðş ²=³¼³ð𼏲=š˝Þˇ Ð=?VVVV?K=·Ðˇ =ך¹Ð³³ş ½š¹š²=
Ýš×½−ý˚ ¹šÐš²=³₣ š½Ðð˙ =ýš=½žÞ=ˇ Ýݡł ¸=½− ¼=ðğ ŠÐð−Ć =³¼³ð𼏲I=Šš˝ ½š=?fl Ýݡł ¸=½− ¼=
Ëğ ŠÐð−Ć =Ò¼³ð𼏲?=³½ž=³šÝ˝ Ў NVVK
64
‚Ðˇł¹ ˇ ¾¸=ý˝ˇ²=ˡ½ˇ₣ć¹ž³ž²=„× ˇ¾¸²
?„ס¾˚ ²?=→=?È˝ ³½ˇ =„ס¾ć Þ?
NK
͡ ¹ð˙ ¹š½š=½žÞ=ðˇ ½ˇ₣ć ¹ž³ž=×− ¼=š×Ц¼ ýš˝½šK
OK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=x„×ÐÝKz=ðˇ Ð=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?‚Ðˇł¹ˇ ¾¸?K
È˝ ³½ˇ =„ס ¾ć Þ
‚Ðˇ₣š ˝ ¹Ð³ž=Ìý˙Ў²
·Ð ˇ=ð ˙¦š= −ý˙Š ˇ =ý× − ¹š ˝½š=Þ ˇ=− ¹ ˝ ³š½š=ŠÐ ˇ¾− ¹š½Ðð −Ć ²=¸ ₣− ¼²=ð − ¼Š − ¼Þ ˝³ý ˇ½− ²K=
ı¹ž³Ðý −× −К ˝½ ˇÐ= −=¸ ₣−²=ð −¼Š −¼Þ ˝³ý ˇ½− ²=×− ¼= ˚₣š½š= ˇÞ½Ð³½−Ð ₣ ¸³šÐ=³½− =ýšÞ−Ć=
Ô¼¦ý ˝³šÐ²I=šð½ ş ²=ð ˇÐ=š ˙ Þ=½ −= ˇ ÝÝ ˙ þš½š= ₣¹ž³Ðý − × − Ð ć Þ½ ˇ ²= ˇ ¼½ ş=½−=ýšÞ −Ć K
?„ס¾˚ ²?=→=?‚Ðˇ₣š ˝ ¹Ð³ž=Ìý˙Ў ²?
NK
͡ ¹ð˙ ¹š½š=½žÞ=− ý˙ Ў =×− ¼=š×Ц¼ýš ˝½šK
OK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=x„×ÐÝKz=ðˇ Ð=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?fl ޽г½K=ÚşÞ− ¼LsáÇÉç?K
PK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?·Ðˇ =Ëݸ³ž=ÙğÞ¸²?I=?·Ðˇ=Ëݸ³ž=sáÇÉç?=¸=?·Ðˇ =Î˚− =͸޼ýˇ ?K
QK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?fl ޽г½−˝ ₣ K=ÚşÞ− ¼?=¸=?fl ޽г½−˝ ₣ K=sáÇÉç?K
⁄½ ˇÞ=š×ÐÝ ˚þš½š=? fl޽г½ − ˝₣K=sáÇÉç?I=ýš½ ˇŁš˝½š=³½ −= ُý ˇ=SK
RK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?Ó¹− ¹¼¦”г”K=◊₣− Ð?=¸=?ÌÐ=◊₣− Ð=j− ¼?K
SK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=½− Þ=¸₣− =¸=½− =î áÇÉç=Åäáé=ð− ¼Š− ¼Þ˝ ³ýˇ½− ²=×− ¼=¦˚ Ýš½šK
·Ðˇ =ך¹Ð³³ş ½š¹š²=Ýš×½−ý˚ ¹šÐš²=³₣ š½Ðð˙ =ýš=½žÞ=š×ÐÝ−ł ¸=šÞş ²=¸₣− ¼=
ð− ¼Š− ¼Þ˝ ³ýˇ ½− ²=¸=šÞş ²==обЗЙз=Едбй=р− ¼Š− ¼Þ˝ ³ýˇ½− ²=³½− =ýšÞ −Ć =Ô ¼¦ý˝ ³šğ ÞI=Šš˝ ½š=
½žÞ=šÞş ½ž½ˇ =?fl ޽г½−˝ ₣ ž³ž=šÞş ²=◊₣− ¼=Ë− ¼Š− ¼Þ˝ ³ýˇ½− ²?=³½ž=³šÝ˝Šˇ NTP=¸=
?fl ޽г½−˝ ₣ ž³ž=šÞş ²=fl ¹₣ š˝− ¼=sáÇÉç=`äáé=Ë− ¼Š− ¼Þ˝ ³ýˇ ½− ²?=³½ž=³šÝ˝ Ў NTQK
Òžýš˝ğ ³ž
≥
Í× − ¹š ˝½š=Þ ˇ=š×šþš¹ łˇ³½š ˝ ½š=ý şÞ − =½ ˇ =− Þ ş ý ˇ ½ ˇ =½ ğÞ= − ý ˙ Šğ Þ=× −¼=š ˝Þ ˇ Ð=
ˇ×− ¦žðš¼ý ˚Þ ˇ=³½žÞ=ð˙¹½ˇ=pfjK=‚š=ý×− ¹š˝½š=Þˇ=š×šþš¹łˇ ³½š˝½š=½Ð²=¹¼¦ý˝³šÐ²=
¸ ₣−¼=ð − ¼Š − ¼Þ ˝³ý ˇ½ − ²=¸=обЗЙз=р − ¼Š − ¼Þ ˝³ý ˇ½− ²K
=Ej=UJOF
65
È˝ ³½ˇ =„ס ¾ć Þ
„ךþš¹łˇ³˝ˇ=ÌÞşýˇ ½− ²=Ìý˙Ў ²K
Í×− ¹š˝ ½š=Þˇ =š×šþš¹łˇ ³½š˝ ½š=½ˇ=− Þş ýˇ½ˇ =½ğ Þ=−ý˙ Šğ Þ=×− ¼=¦ˇ=ˇ ޽г½−Ð₣ ¸³š½š=³½Ð²=
ðˇ ½ˇ₣𠹸³šÐ²=½ž²=È˝ ³½ˇ ²=„ס ¾ć ÞK=ˡ ½D=ˇ ¹₣ ¸ÞI=ˇ ÝÝ˙ þ½š=½ž=È˝ ³½ˇ =„ס ¾ć Þ=×− ¼=
šý¾ˇÞ˝ Žš½ˇ Ð=E³šÝK SMFK
?„ס¾˚ ²?=→=?‚Ðˇ₣š ˝ ¹Ð³ž=Ìý˙Ў ²?
NK
͡ ¹ð˙ ¹š½š=½− =ş Þ− ýˇ =− ý˙Ў ²=×− ¼=š×Ц¼ýš˝ ½šK
OK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=x„×ÐÝKz=ðˇ Ð=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?„ךþK=ÌÞşýˇ ½−²?K
PK
flÝÝ ˙þ½š=½ −=ş Þ− ýˇK
fl޽г½ − ˝₣ž³ž=◊₣−¼=Ë −¼Š −¼Þ ˝³ý ˇ½ −²=¸=sáÇÉç=`äáé=Ë− ¼Š− ¼Þ˝³ýˇ½− ²=
³š=ð ˙¦š=Ë ˇ½ ˇ ₣ć ¹ž³ž=½ž²=È ˝³½ ˇ²=„× ˇ¾ćÞ
Í×− ¹š˝ ½š=Þˇ=ˇ ޽г½−Ð₣ ¸³š½š=˚Þˇ Þ=þš₣ğ ¹Ð³½ş =¸₣− =ð− ¼Š− ¼ÞÐ−Ć=¸=Šş Þž³ž=³š=ýÐˇ=
ðˇ ½ˇ₣ć ¹ž³ž=×− ¼=˚₣ š½š=¸Šž=ˇ ×− ¦žðšĆ ³šÐK
?„ס¾˚ ²?=→=?È˝ ³½ˇ =„ס¾ć Þ?
NK
͡ ¹ð˙ ¹š½š=½žÞ=ðˇ ½ˇ₣ć ¹ž³ž=×− ¼=š×Ц¼ýš˝ ½šK
OK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=x„×ÐÝKz=ðˇ Ð=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?„ךþš¹łˇ³˝ˇ ?K
PK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?fl ޽г½K=ÚşÞ−¼LsáÇÉç?K
QK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?·Ðˇ =Ëݸ³ž=ÙğÞ¸²?I=?·Ðˇ=Ëݸ³ž=sáÇÉç?=¸=?·Ðˇ =Î˚− =͸޼ýˇ ?K
RK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?fl ޽г½−˝ ₣ K=ÚşÞ− ¼?=¸=?fl ޽г½−˝ ₣ K=sáÇÉç?K
⁄½ ˇÞ=š×ÐÝ ˚þš½š=? fl޽г½ − ˝₣K=sáÇÉç?I=ýš½ ˇŁš˝½š=³½ −= ُý ˇ=TK
SK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?Ó¹− ¹¼¦”г”K=◊₣− Ð?=¸=?ÌÐ=◊₣− Ð=Í− ¼?K
66
È˝ ³½ˇ =„ס ¾ć Þ
TK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=½− Þ=¸₣− =¸=½− =î áÇÉç=Åäáé=ð− ¼Š− ¼Þ˝ ³ýˇ½− ²=×− ¼=¦˚ Ýš½šK
·Ðˇ =ך¹Ð³³ş ½š¹š²=Ýš×½−ý˚ ¹šÐš²=³₣ š½Ðð˙ =ýš=½žÞ=š×ÐÝ−ł ¸=šÞş ²=¸₣− ¼=
ð− ¼Š− ¼Þ˝ ³ýˇ ½− ²=¸=šÞş ²=обЗЙз=Едбй=р− ¼Š−¼Þ˝³ýˇ½ −²=³½−=ýšÞ−Ć=Ô¼¦ý˝ ³šÐ²I=Šš˝ ½š=
?fl ޽г½−˝ ₣ ž³ž=šÞş ²=◊₣− ¼=Ë− ¼Š− ¼Þ˝ ³ýˇ½− ²?=³½ž=³šÝ˝Šˇ NTP=¸=?fl ޽г½−˝ ₣ ž³ž=
šÞş ²=fl¹₣ š˝− ¼=sáÇÉç=`äáé=Ë− ¼Š− ¼Þ˝ ³ýˇ½− ²?=³½ž=³šÝ˝Šˇ NTQK
UK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=xfl×− ¦¸ðš¼³žz=ş ½ˇ Þ=½ šÝšÐć ³š½šK
ˡ ½˙ ³½ˇ ³ž=ÍÞ¸ýž²
fl ¼½¸=ž=ݚн−¼¹ł ˝ˇ =³ˇ ²=Ł−ž¦˙ =Þ ˇ =šÝ ˚ ł₣ š½š=½ž=ýÞ¸ýž=× − ¼= ₣ ¹ž³Ðý −×− К ˝½ˇ Ð= ˇ×ş =½ž=
È˝ ³½ˇ =„ס ¾ć ÞK
?„ס¾˚ ²?=→=?„ЊÐð˚ ²=Ô¼¦ýK?=→=?ˡ½˙ ³½ˇ ³ž=ÍÞ¸ýž²?
È˝ ³½ˇ =Úˇ₣ š˝ˇ ²=Ëݸ³ž²
Ò½ž=Ý˝ ³½ˇ =½ˇ₣š ˝ˇ ²=ðݸ³ž²I=ý×− ¹š˝ ½š=Þˇ =ðˇ½ˇ₣𠹸³š½š=˚ğ²=ðˇÐ=U=ˇ¹Ð¦ý −ò=
½žÝš¾ćÞ− ¼=E³šÝK PTFK
„гˇłğł ¸=ˡ½ˇ₣𹸳šğ Þ=½ž²=È˝ ³½ˇ²=„ס¾ć Þ=³½ž=È˝ ³½ˇ =Úˇ₣š˝ˇ ²=Ëݸ³ž²
?„ס¾˚ ²?=→=?È˝ ³½ˇ =„ס¾ć Þ?
NK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=½žÞ=ðˇ½ˇ₣ć ¹ž³ž=×− ¼=š×Ц¼ýš˝ ½šK
OK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=½− Þ=ˇ ¹Ð¦ýş =½ žÝš¾ćÞ− ¼=×− ¼=š×Ц¼ýš˝ ½šK
PK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=x„×ÐÝKz=ðˇ Ð=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?Ó¹−³¦K=Úˇ₣ K=Ëݸ³K?K
QK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=½ž=¦˚ ³ž=×− ¼=š×Ц¼ýš˝ ½šK
Ò¼ýŁ− ¼Ý¸
≥
Ú ˇ =šÞÞ ˚ˇ = ˇ ¹Ð¦ýž½Ðð ˙ =×ݸ𽹠ˇ=ˇ ޽г½ −Ð ₣−ĆÞ=³½ −¼²= ˇ ¹Ð¦ý −ò=½ž²=Ý ˝ ³½ ˇ ²K
≥
·Ð ˇ =Þ ˇ =šý¾ ˇÞ ˝ ³š½š=½ž=Ý ˝ ³½ ˇ =½ ˇ₣š ˝ˇ ²=ðݸ³ž²I=Šš˝ ½š=?Ú ˇ₣š ˝ˇ =Ëݸ³ž?=³½ž=³šÝ ˝Š ˇ PTK
=Ej=UJPF
67
È˝ ³½ˇ =„ס ¾ć Þ
„ךþš¹łˇ³˝ˇ=È˝ ³½ˇ ²=Úˇ₣š ˝ˇ ²=Ëݸ³ž²
?„ס¾˚ ²?=→=?È˝ ³½ˇ =Úˇ₣ K=Ëݸ³K?
NK
͡ ¹ð˙ ¹š½š=½žÞ=ðˇ ½ˇ₣ć ¹ž³ž=×− ¼=¦˚ Ýš½š=Þˇ =š×šþš¹łˇ ³½š˝ ½šK
OK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=x„×ÐÝKz=ðˇ Ð=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=½žÞ=š×ÐÝ−ł ¸=×− ¼=¦˚ Ýš½šK
?„×ˇÞˇ ޽г½−˝ ₣ ž³ž?=Ešý¾ˇÞ˝ Žš½ˇ Ð=š˙ Þ=˚Þˇ ²=½žÝš¾ğ ÞÐðş ²=ˇ ¹Ð¦ýş ²=˚₣ šÐ=¸Šž=
?fl ޽г½−˝ ₣ ž³ž?=Ešý¾ˇÞ˝ Žš½ˇ Ð=š˙ Þ=ŠšÞ=˚₣ šÐ=ˇ ޽г½−Ð₣ г¦š˝ =ðˇÞ˚Þˇ ²=½žÝš¾ğ ÞÐðş ²=
?Ó¹−Ł− ݸ?W „ý¾ˇÞ˝ ŽšÐ=½− Þ=ˇ ¹Ð¦ýş =½žÝš¾ćÞ− ¼=×− ¼=˚₣ š½š=
?‚Ðˇł¹ ˇ ¾¸?W ‚Ðˇł¹ ˙ ¾šÐ=½−Þ=š×ÐÝšłý˚ Þ− =½žÝš¾ğ ÞÐðş=ˇ ¹Ð¦ýş=ˇ ׺ =½ž=
?‚Ðˇł¹ ˇ ¾¸=⁄Ýğ Þ?W ‚Ðˇł¹ ˙ ¾šÐ=şÝ− ¼²=½− ¼²=½žÝš¾ğ ÞÐð−ò=ˇ ¹Ð¦ý−ò=ˇ×ş =½ž=
ˇ ޽г½−Ð₣ г¦š ˝ FW
„ý¾ˇÞ˝ ŽšÐ=½Ð²=ˡ½ˇ₣𠹸³šÐ²=È˝ ³½ˇ ²=„ס¾ć ÞK=„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=
Eš×ˇÞˇ ޽г½−Ð₣ ¸³½šF=˙ ÝÝš²=ðˇ½ˇ₣𠹸³šÐ²K
ˇ ¹Ð¦ýş²FW
„ý¾ˇÞ˝ ŽšÐ=½Ð²=ˡ½ˇ₣𠹸³šÐ²=È˝ ³½ˇ ²=„ס¾ć ÞK=„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=
Eˇ ޽г½− Ð₣ ¸³½šF=½žÞ=ðˇ½ˇ ₣ć ¹ž³ž=×−¼=š×Ц¼ýš˝½šK
ˇ ޽г½−Ð₣ ¸³šÐK
Ý˝ ³½ˇ =½ˇ₣ š˝ˇ ²=ðݸ³ž²
Ý˝ ³½ˇ =½ˇ₣ š˝ˇ ²=ðݸ³ž²
fl×− ³½− ݸ=ý ˝ˇ²=Ë ˇ½ ˇ₣ć¹ž³ž²=È ˝³½ ˇ²=„× ˇ¾ć Þ
?„ס¾˚ ²?=→=?È˝ ³½ˇ =„ס¾ć Þ?
NK
͡ ¹ð˙ ¹š½š=½žÞ=ðˇ ½ˇ₣ć ¹ž³ž=×− ¼=š×Ц¼ýš˝ ½šK
OK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=x„×ÐÝKz=ðˇ Ð=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?fl×−³½K=„ס ¾¸²?K
PK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?˜²=͸޼ýˇ ?I=?Нš=_дмЙнззнЬ?=¸=?Нš=ЫЧ˚ ¹¼¦¹š²?K
68
È˝ ³½ˇ =„ס ¾ć Þ
?˜²=͸޼ýˇ?
·Ðˇ =ך¹Ð³³ş ½š¹š²=Ýš×½−”˚ ¹šÐš²I=Šš˝ ½š=?jjp?=³½ž=³šÝ˝Šˇ UTK
·Ðˇ =?Нš=_дмЙнззнЬ?
·Ðˇ =ך¹Ð³³ş ½š¹š²=Ýš×½−ý˚ ¹šÐš²I=Šš˝ ½š=?_дмЙнззнЬ?=³½ž=³šЭ˝Šˇ OMSK
·Ðˇ =?Íš=Û×˚¹¼¦¹š²?
·Ðˇ =ך¹Ð³³ş ½š¹š²=Ýš×½−ý˚ ¹šÐš²I=Šš˝ ½š=?Û×˚¹¼¦¹š²?=³½ž=³šÝ˝Šˇ ONOK
ȸРž=ý˝ˇ ²=ˡ½ˇ ₣ć ¹ž³ž²=È˝ ³½ˇ ²=„ס¾ć Þ
⁄ ½ˇ Þ=½−=½žÝ ˚ ¾ğ Þ − =Ý ˇ ýŁ ˙ ÞšÐ=ý˝ˇ =ðˇ ½ˇ ₣ć¹ž³ž=ˇ×ş =½ž=È ˝ ³½ ˇ =„× ˇ¾ć ÞI=šý¾ ˇÞ˝ Žš½ ˇ Ð=
³½žÞ=ðˇ½˙ ³½ˇ ³ž=ˇÞˇý− Þ¸²=˚Þˇ =ý¸Þ¼ýˇ =š×ÐŁšŁ ˇ˝ğ ³ž²K
NK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=xΡ ÐzK
Â=Ýž¾¦š ˝³ ˇ =ð ˇ½ ˇ ₣ć ¹ž³ž= ˇ×− ¦žðš Ć š½ ˇ Ð=³½ž=È ˝³½ ˇ=„× ˇ¾ć ÞK=ÓÐ ˚ ³½š=x ⁄₣ Ðz= łÐˇ=
ˇ×ş ¹¹ÐĞ žK
Ò¼ýŁ− ¼Ý¸
≥
·Ðˇ =ך¹Ð³³ş ½š¹š²=×Ýž¹−¾−¹˝š²=³₣ š½Ðð˙ =ýš=½Ð²=¹¼¦ý˝ ³šÐ²=½ž²=ˇ³Ć ¹ýˇ ½ž²=
³Ć ÞŠš³ž²=ý˚ ³ğ =¼×˚ ¹¼¦¹ğ Ю=¸=_дмЙнззнЬI=ˇÞˇ ½¹˚ þ½š=³½ž=?Ò¼ÞŠš³Ðýş ½ž½ˇ ?=³½ž=
³šÝ˝Šˇ OMSK
≥
·Ðˇ =Ýš×½−ý˚ ¹šÐš²=³₣ š½Ðð˙ =ýš=½Ð²=¹¼¦ý˝ ³šÐ²=jjpI=Šš˝ ½š=?Ô¼¦ý˝ ³šÐ²=jjp?=³½ž=
³šÝ˝Šˇ NMPK
69
Ùğ ½−ł ¹ˇ ¾Ðð¸=Íž₣ˇ Þ¸
Ú− =½žÝ˚ ¾ğ Þş =³ˇ ²=ŠÐˇ ¦˚ ½šÐ=ý˝ˇ =šÞ³ğ ýˇ ½ğ ý˚ Þž=Ğ ž¾Ðˇ ð¸=¾ğ ½−ł ¹ˇ ¾Ðð¸=ýž₣ˇ Þ¸K
Â=¾ğ½−ł¹ˇ ¾Ðð¸=ýž₣ˇ Þ¸=³ˇ ²=š×н¹˚ ךÐ=Þˇ=Łł˙Žš½š=ðˇÐ=Þˇ =³½˚ ÝÞš½š=¾ğ½−ł¹ˇ ¾˝ š²=ðˇ Ð=
Þˇ =ł ¹˙ ¾š½š=обЗЙз=ЕдбйлI=−×−¼Š¸×−½š=ðˇÐ=š˙Þ= ٹ˝ ³ðš³½šK
=Ej=RF
ȸРž=Ùğ½−ł¹ˇ ¾ÐćÞ
?Ùğ½−ł¹ˇ ¾K=Íž₣ˇ Þ¸?
NK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š= =łÐˇ =Þˇ =½¹ˇ Ł ¸þš½š=½ž=¾ğ½−ł¹ˇ ¾˝ˇ K
fl ð−Ćł š½ ˇ Ð=−=¸₣− ²=½− ¼=ðÝš˝ ³½¹ − ¼=ð ˇ Ð=³½žÞ= −¦ş Þž=×¹ −Ł˙ ÝÝš½ ˇ Ð=ž=¾ ğ½−ł ¹ˇ ¾ ˝ˇ =× − ¼=
½¹ˇŁ ¸þˇ ½šK
OK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=xfl×− ¦¸ðš¼³žzK
·Ðˇ =Þˇ=ˇ ð¼¹ć ³š½šI=×Ð˚ ³½š=xflðĆ ¹ğ ³žzK
ÌÐ=¾ğ½−ł¹ˇ ¾˝ š²=×− ¼=˚₣ š½š=½¹ˇŁ ¸þšÐ=ˇ×− ¦žðš Ć− Þ½ˇ Ð=³½− =ÛÝÐðş =ý− ¼K
Òžýš˝ğ ³ž
≥
ÓÐ ˚ ³½š=½ −=×ݸ𽹠−=¾ ğ½ −ł ¹ˇ ¾Ðð¸²=ýž ₣ ˇ Þ¸²= ˇ Þ½ ˝ =½ −= =³½ž=¦ ˚ ³ž=×¹ −Ł−ݸ²=½ž²=
−¦ şÞž²K
≥
⁄ ½ˇ Þ=ž=Ğž¾Ð ˇ ð¸=¾ğ½−ł ¹ ˇ ¾Ðð¸=ýž ₣ˇ Þ¸=ŠšÞ=š ˝ Þ ˇ Ð=šÞš¹ ł− × − Оý ˚ ÞžI=×Ð ˚ ³½š=x„×ÐÝKzK=
ˡ Ð=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?Ùğ½−ł¹K=Íž₣ˇÞ¸?=¸=×Ð˚³½š=
fl¼½ −¾ ğ½ −ł¹ ˙¾ž³ž
Í×− ¹š˝ ½š=Þˇ= Łł˙ Ýš½š=¾ğ½−ł¹ˇ ¾˝ š²=½− ¼=šˇ ¼½−Ć =³ˇ ²I=ð− н˙Ž− Þ½ˇ ²=½žÞ=ðĆ ¹Ðˇ=− ¦ş ÞžK
NK
Óš¹Ð³½¹˚Ğ š½š=½žÞ=ðĆ ¹Ðˇ=− ¦ş Þž=NU MŒ=ŠšþÐş ³½¹−¾ˇ=ˇ×ş =½žÞ =ðˇÞ− ÞÐð¸=¦˚³žK
OK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=½− =×ݸð½¹− =¾ğ½−ł¹ˇ ¾Ðð¸²=ýž₣ˇ Þ¸²=×− ¼=ٹ˝ ³ðš½ˇÐ=³½− =×Ý˙ Ð=½− ¼=
½žÝš¾ćÞ− ¼K
c
K
БрпиЮк
БрпиЮк.
.
Бкэсщуз
Бкэсщуз
70
Ùğ ½−ł ¹ˇ ¾Ðð¸=Íž₣ˇÞ¸
Òžýš˝ğ ³ž
≥
ÍžÞ=ך¹Ð³½¹˚Ğš½š=½žÞ=ðĆ ¹Ðˇ=− ¦ş Þž=ˇ ¹Ð³½š¹ş ³½¹−¾ˇ K=„˙ Þ=ð˙ Þš½š=ð˙ ½Ð=½˚ ½−Ð−I=½−=
½žÝ˚¾ğ Þ− =ý×− ¹š˝=Þˇ =ס¹− ¼³Ð˙ ³šÐ=м³ÝšÐ½− ¼¹ł˝ˇ K
fl×− ³½− ݸ=Ùğ ½−ł ¹ ˇ¾Ð ćÞ
Í×− ¹š˝ ½š=Þˇ =³½š˝ Ýš½š=½ž=¾ğ½−ł¹ˇ ¾˝ˇ=× − ¼=˚₣ š½š=½¹ˇŁ ¸þšÐ=ýš=½žÞ=š×ÐÝ−ł¸=?Íš=
͸޼ýˇ ?K
?Ùğ½−ł¹ˇ ¾K=Íž₣ˇ Þ¸?
NK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š= =łÐˇ =Þˇ =½¹ˇ Ł ¸þš½š=½ž=¾ğ½−ł¹ˇ ¾˝ˇ K
OK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š= K
PK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=½žÞ=š×ÐÝ−ł ¸=ˇ×−³½− ݸ²K
·Ðˇ =ך¹Ð³³ş ½š¹š²=Ýš×½−”˚ ¹šÐš²I=Šš˝ ½š=?‚žýÐ− ¼¹ł˝ˇ=Î˚ − ¼=ÍžÞĆýˇ ½− ²?=³½ž=
³šÝ˝Šˇ UTK=Íš½˙ =½žÞ=ˇ×− ³½− ݸ=½− ¼=ýžÞĆýˇ ½− ²I=ž=¾ğ½−ł¹ˇ ¾˝ˇ=× − ¼=˚₣ š½š=
½¹ˇŁ ¸þšÐ=ˇ×− ¦žðšĆ𽎠Ð=³½− =¾˙ ðšÝ− =?Ú− =¼ÝÐðş=ý− ¼?K=EÙğ½−ł¹ˇ ¾˝ š²=½ğ Þ=−×−˝ ğ Þ=
˚ ₣š½š= ˇ ÝÝ˙ þšÐ=½−=ý ˚ łš¦− ²I=ŠšÞ= ˇ ×− ¦žðš Ć− Þ½ ˇ Ð=³½ − =?ÛÝÐð ş =ý − ¼?FK
Òžýš˝ğ ³ž
≥
„ ˙Þ=×¹ − ³× ˇ¦¸³š½š=Þ ˇ=³½š ˝Ýš½š=ý ˝ˇ=¾ğ½ −ł ¹ˇ¾ ˝ˇ =ýš=× −Ý Ć =ýš ł˙Ý− =ý ˚ł š¦ − ²=
ˇ¹₣ š ˝−¼I=½ −=ý ˚łš¦ −²=½ž²=¾ğ½ −ł¹ˇ¾˝ˇ²=¦ˇ=×¹ −³ˇ¹ý − ³½š˝=ć ³½š=Þˇ=š˝Þ ˇÐ=Š¼Þˇ½¸=ž=
ˇ×− ³½− ݸ=½ž²=ýš=ý¸Þ¼ýˇK=Â=¾ğ½ −ł¹ˇ¾ ˝ˇ=ýš=½−=ˇ¹ ₣ Ððş =ý˚ł š¦− ²=ˇ×− ¦žðšĆ š½ ˇÐ=³½ −=
?ÛÝÐðş =ý− ¼?K
71
Ùğ ½−ł ¹ˇ¾Ðð¸=Íž₣ˇ Þ¸
„×ÐÝ−ł ¸=½− ¼=Íšł˚¦ − ¼²=Ùğ½−ł ¹ˇ ¾˝ˇ ²
Í×− ¹š˝ ½š=Þˇ =š×ÐÝ˚ þš½š=½− =ý˚ł š¦− ²=½ğ Þ=¾ğ½−ł¹ˇ ¾Ðć ÞK=⁄ Ýš²=− Ð=¾ğ½−ł¹ˇ ¾˝ š²=×− ¼=
ݸ¾¦žðˇ Þ=ˇ×− ¦žðšĆ− Þ½ˇ Ð=³½− =¾− ¹ý˙ =gmbdK
?Ùğ½−ł¹ˇ ¾K=Íž₣ˇ Þ¸?=→=x„×ÐÝKz=→?Ô¼¦ýK=Ùğ½−ł ¹K?=→=?Í˚ł š¦− ²=Ùğ½−ł¹K?
NK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=½− =ý˚ł š¦− ²=×− ¼=š×Ц¼ýš˝ ½šK
Íšł˚ ¦ž=¾ğ½−ł¹ˇ ¾˝ˇ ²W NOOQ ×NSPO ð− ¼ð˝ Šš²
ı ¹¸³ž=½ž²=Țн−¼¹ł ˝ˇ ²=ˆž¾Ðˇ ð−Ć =wççã
ÔĆ ¦ýгž=„×Ð× ˚Š− ¼=wççã
NK
Ò½ž=ݚн− ¼¹ł˝ˇ=šÐð−Þ− ³ð−×˝−¼I=×Ð˚³½š= a=¸=bK
×
NOUM ð− ¼ð˝ Šš²
VSM
×
NMOQ ð− ¼ð˝ Šš²
TSU
×
QUM
×
OQM
×
NOM
×
NOM
SQM ð− ¼ð˝ Šš²
POM ð− ¼ð˝ Šš²
NSM ð− ¼ð˝ Šš²
NOU ð− ¼ð˝ Šš²
72
Ùğ ½−ł ¹ˇ ¾Ðð¸=Íž₣ˇÞ¸
„Þš¹ł− ×−˝ ž³žLfl ךޚ¹ł− ×−˝ ž³ž=Ì×½Ðð−Ć =wççã
Ú− =− ×½Ððş =òççã=³ˇ ²=š×н¹˚ ךÐ=Þˇ =ýšł š¦Ć Þš½š=½ž=¾ğ ½−ł¹ˇ ¾˝ˇ I=šþˇ ³¾ˇ Ý˝ Ž− Þ½ˇ ²=
ýšłˇÝ Ć ½š¹ž=ðˇ¦ˇ¹ş ½ž½ˇ=ˇ×ş =½ž=ݚн− ¼¹ł˝ˇ =òççã=½− ¼=− ×½Ðð−Ć =¾ˇð−Ć K=Ú−=− ×½Ððş=
òççã=₣ ¹ž³Ðý−×− К˝½ˇ Ð=ğ ²=½− =š×˝ ךŠ− =òççã=x
ˇ ðş ýž=ך¹Ð³³ ş ½š¹ − I=šÞš¹ ł− × − К ˝ ½ ˇ Ð=½ − = Ğ ž¾Ð ˇ ð ş =òççãK
?Ùğ½−ł¹ˇ ¾K=Íž₣ˇ Þ¸?=→=x„×ÐÝKz=→ ?„ЊÐð˚ ²=Ô¼¦ýK?
NK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?„Þš¹ł K=Ì×½K=wççã?K
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?fl ךÞK=Ì×½K=wççã?=łÐˇ =Þˇ =ˇ ךޚ¹ł−×−и³š½šK
„˙ Þ=š×ÐÝ˚ þš½š=?fl ךÞK=Ì×½K=wççã?I=ý×−¹š˝½š=Þˇ= ₣¹ž³Ðý−×−и³š½š=ýşÞ−Þ=½ž=
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OK
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NK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=a=EÙ𠽚ÐÞş F=¸=b=EÒð−Ć ¹− FK
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OzK=„˙ Þ=ˇ ¼þ¸³š½š=½− =š×˝ ךŠ− =òççã=
73
Ùğ ½−ł ¹ˇ¾Ðð¸=Íž₣ˇ Þ¸
NK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=½−=₣¹ćýˇ =¾Ýˇ ²= ×−¼=š×Ц¼ýš˝ ½šK
ı¹ć ý ˇ½ ˇ=¾Ý ˇ²W
flÝÝ ˇł¸=Ë ˇ½ ˙³½ˇ³ž²=Țн −¼¹ ł ˝ˇ²=ȼ ₣Þ ˝ˇ²=ËÐÞž½−Ć
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?Țн− ¼¹ł˝ˇ ?
NK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=½ž=ݚн− ¼¹ł˝ˇ =×− ¼=š×Ц¼ýš˝ ½šK
?„Þš¹łş ?=E FW= Ú− =¾ğ ²=š˝Þˇ Ð=ˇÞˇ ýý˚Þ− =ŠÐˇ ¹ðć ²K
?fl ¼½ş ýˇ ½− ?=E FW= Ú−=¾ğ²=ˇÞ˙ ŁšÐ=š˙Þ=½ −=½žÝ˚¾ ğÞ−=ˇ ÞÐ₣ÞšĆ³šÐ=ş½Ð=
?ıˇ ýžÝş ²=Ùğ ½Ð³ýK?=E FW=
?Íž=šÞš¹łş?W= Ú− =¾ğ ²=š˝Þˇ Ð=³Ł ž³½ş =ŠÐˇ ¹ðć ²K
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NK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?„Þš¹łş ?=¸=?Íž=šÞš¹łş ?K
Ò½žÞ=−¦ş Þž=šý¾ˇÞ˝ Žš½ˇ Ð=? ?=š˙ Þ=š×ÐÝ˚ þš½š=?„Þš¹łş?K
„×ÐÝ−ł ¸=½ž²=ÒðžÞ¸²
Í×− ¹š˝ ½š=Þˇ =š×ÐÝ˚ þš½š=½žÞ=ðˇ½˙ Ýݞݞ=³ðžÞ¸=ş½ˇ Þ=½¹ˇ Ł˙ ½š=ý˝ˇ =¾ğ½−ł¹ˇ ¾ ˝ˇ K
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NK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=½ž=³ðžÞ¸=×− ¼=š×Ц¼ýš˝ ½šK
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„×ÐÝ ˚ þ½š= ˇ ¼½ şÞ=½ −Þ=½¹ ş× − =ݚн −¼¹ ł˝ˇ ²= łÐˇ =ð − Þ½ÐÞ¸=ݸ ĞžK
74
Ùğ ½−ł ¹ˇ ¾Ðð¸=Íž₣ˇÞ¸
Ò¼Þš₣ ¸²=È¸Ğž
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?Ùğ½−ł¹ˇ ¾K=Íž₣ˇ Þ¸?=→=x„×ÐÝKz=→ ?ÈšÐK=Ùğ ½K=Íž₣ˇ Þ¸²?=→=?Ò¼Þš₣ ¸²=ȸРž?
NK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=½ž=ݚн− ¼¹ł˝ˇ =×− ¼=š×Ц¼ýš˝ ½šK
‚Ðˇ½˝ ¦šÞ½ˇ Ð=− Ð=ס¹ˇð˙½ğ =ݚн− ¼¹ł˝š²=³¼Þš₣−Ć ²=Ý¸Ğž²W
?Íž=šÞš¹łş ?W ÌÐ=³¼Þš₣ş ýšÞš²=Ý¸Ğ šÐ²=ˇ ð¼¹ćÞ− Þ½ˇ ÐK
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Ò¼Þš₣ş ýšÞž=¾ğ½−ł¹˙ ¾ž³ž=Q=¸=V=
¾ğ ½−ł ¹ˇ ¾Ðć ÞK
Íš½˙ =½žÞ=š×ÐÝ−ł¸=ˇ ¼½¸²=½ž²=ݚн−¼¹ł˝ˇ ²I=
š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=½žÞ=½ˇ₣ýž½ ˇ =×− ¼=¦˚ Ýš½š=ˇ×ş =½Ð²=
šþ¸²W
?Ó−ÝĆ =·¹¸ł− ¹ž?
?·¹¸ł− ¹ž?
?ˡÞ− ÞÐð¸?
?fl ¹ł ¸?
?Ó−ÝĆ=fl ¹ł ¸?
?ı šÐ¹− ð˝ Þž½ž?
ŠÐ˙¾− ¹ˇ =š×˝ ×šŠˇ=₣ ¹ć ýˇ½− ²=ðˇ Ð=¾ğ ½šÐÞş ½ž½ˇ ²K
Íš½˙ =½žÞ=š×ÐÝ−ł¸=ˇ ¼½¸²=½ž²=ݚн−¼¹ł˝ˇ ²I=×Ð˚³½š=
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?ˡÞ− ÞÐð¸?K
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¾ğ ½−ł ¹ˇ ¾˝ˇ K
Íš½˙ =½žÞ=š×ÐÝ−ł¸=ˇ ¼½¸²=½ž²=ݚн−¼¹ł˝ˇ ²I=
×Ð˚ ³½š= =ðˇ Ð=³½ž=³¼Þ˚₣ šÐˇ =š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=
?·¹¸ł− ¹ž?=¸=?ˡÞ− ÞÐð¸?K
75
Ùğ ½−ł ¹ˇ¾Ðð¸=Íž₣ˇ Þ¸
Òžýš˝ğ ³ž
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„˙ Þ=š×ÐÝ˚ þš½š=?ı šÐ¹−ð˝ Þž½− ?=łÐˇ =Þˇ =×¹ˇłý ˇ½− ×− и³š½š=³¼Þš₣ ¸=Ý¸Ğ ž=
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Ł ¹˝ ³ðš½ ˇ Ð=³½ž=¦ ˚ ³ž=×¹ −Ł− ݸ²F=ð ˇ Ð=¹¼¦ý ˝ ³½š= ₣ šÐ¹ −ð˝ Þž½ ˇ =½žÞ=½ ˇ₣ýž½ˇ =× − ¼=
¦˚ Ýš½šK
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½ˇ ¼½ş₣ ¹− Þˇ I=³½žÞ=− ¦ş Þž=šý¾ˇ Þ˝ Žš½ˇ Ð=ž=˚ ÞŠšÐþž=? ?=EłÐˇ =?Q=Ùğ½−ł¹ˇ ¾˝š²?LłÐ ˇ=
ס ¹˙ ŠšÐł ýˇ FK
„×ÐÝ−ł ¸=šÞş ²=ÓÝˇÐ³˝−¼
Í×− ¹š˝ ½š=Þˇ =š×ÐÝ˚ þš½š=˚Þˇ =×ݡ˝ ³Ð−=ˇ ׺ =×¹− ¹¼¦ýгý˚Þˇ =³₣˚ ŠÐˇ K=Í×− ¹š˝ ½šI=š×˝ ³ž²I=
Þˇ =š×ÐÝ˚ þš½š=˚ Þˇ =×ݡ˝ ³Ð− =ˇ ׺ =½Ð²=fl ×− ¦žðš¼ý˚ Þš²=Ùğ ½−ł ¹ˇ ¾˝ š²K
?Ùğ½−ł¹ˇ ¾K=Íž₣ˇ Þ¸?=→=x„×ÐÝKz=→ ?ȚнK=Ùğ ½K=Íž₣ˇ Þ¸²?=→=?Óݡ˝ ³Ð− =Ùğ½−ł ¹K?
NK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?Ó¹− ¹¼¦ýK=Ó Ýˇ˝ ³Ðˇ ?=¸=?ÌÐ=Ùğ½−ł ¹K=Í− ¼?K
OK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=½− =×ݡ˝³Ð− =×−¼=š×Ц¼ýš˝ ½šK
Ú− =š×ÐÝšł ý˚ Þ− =×ݡ˝ ³Ð− =š×ÐŁ šŁˇ Ðć Þš½ˇ Ð=³½žÞ=− ¦ş ÞžK
PK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š= K
Òžýš˝ğ ³ž
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×
POM=ð− ¼ð˝ Šš²=xÛzK
xÓz=
„Þˇ Ýݡł ¸=³½ž=Țн− ¼¹ł˝ˇ =‡ÐÞ½š−ð˙ ý𹎲
Í× −¹š ˝ ½š=Þ ˇ =ýš½ ˇŁš ˝ ½š= ˇ×ş=½ž=ݚн −¼¹ ł ˝ˇ =¾ ğ½ −ł ¹ ˇ ¾Ðð¸²=ýž ₣ˇ Þ¸²=³½ž=ݚн −¼¹ ł˝ˇ =
ŁÐÞ½š −ð˙ ý𹎠²K=Í× −¹š ˝½šI=š×˝ ³ž²I=Þˇ =šÞˇ ÝÝ˙ ³³š³½š=ýš½ˇþĆ= ˇ ¼½ćÞ=½ğÞ=ŠĆ−=
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?Ùğ½−ł¹ˇ ¾K=Íž₣ˇ Þ¸?=→=x„×ÐÝKz=→ ?‡ÐÞ½š−ð˙ ý𹎠?
d
K
76
Ù ğ ½ −ł ¹ ˇ¾Ðð¸=Íž ₣ˇÞ¸
ı¹¸³ž=½ž²=Óݸ¹ −¼²=̦ şÞž²
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ž=ך¹Ð−₣ ¸=½ğ Þ=×ݸð½¹ğ Þ=šÝ˚ł₣− ¼=ðˇ Ð=½ğ Þ=šÞŠš˝ þšğ ÞK
?Ùğ½−ł¹ˇ ¾K=Íž₣ˇ Þ¸?=→=x„×ÐÝKz=→=?„ЊÐð˚ ²=Ô¼¦ýK?
NK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?Óݸ¹š²=„Ðð−Þ−³ðK?K
·Ðˇ =Þˇ =š×г½¹˚Ğ š½š=³½− =ðˇÞ− ÞÐðş =šÐð− Þ− ³ðş ×Ð− I=š×ÐÝ˚þ½š=?ˡÞ− ÞK=„Ðð− Þ− ³ðK?K
„×ÐÝ−ł ¸=½ž²=Ó−Ðş½ž½ˇ²=Ù ğ½−ł¹ˇ¾˝ˇ ²
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NK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=½žÞ=×−Ðş ½ž½ˇ=¾ğ½−ł¹ˇ ¾˝ˇ ²=×− ¼=š×Ц¼ýš˝ ½šK
„ÞŠš˝ þšÐ²=×−Ðş ½ž½ˇ ²=¾ğ½−ł¹ˇ ¾˝ˇ ²
WÓ−ÝĆ=ÛĞžÝ¸
WÛĞžÝ¸
WˡÞ− ÞÐð¸
„×ÐÝ−ł ¸=½− ¼=◊₣− ¼=ËÝš˝ ³½¹−¼
Í×− ¹š˝ ½š=Þˇ =š×ÐÝ˚ þš½š=½− Þ=¸₣− =ðÝš˝ ³½¹− ¼=ˇ×ş =P=×¹− ¹¼¦ýгý˚Þˇ =ý−½˝ َK
?Ùğ½−ł¹ˇ ¾K=Íž₣ˇ Þ¸?=→=x„×ÐÝKz=→ ?„ЊÐð˚ ²=Ô¼¦ýK?=→=?◊₣− ²=ËÝš˝ ³½¹− ¼?
NK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=½− Þ=¸₣− =ðÝš˝ ³½¹− ¼=×− ¼=š×Ц¼ýš˝ ½šK
Òžýš˝ğ ³ž
≥
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ŠšÞ=ý×− ¹š˝ =Þˇ=ˇ Ýݡ₣ ¦š˝=₣ ¹ž³Ðý−×−Ðć Þ½ˇ ²=½Ð²=×¹−ˇÞˇ ¾š¹ş ýšÞš²=¹¼¦ý˝³šÐ²K
77
Ùğ ½−ł ¹ˇ¾Ðð¸=Íž₣ˇ Þ¸
„×ÐÝ−ł ¸=½ž²=ÍÞ¸ýž²=fl×− ¦¸ðš¼³ž²
Í×− ¹š˝ ½š=Þˇ =š×ÐÝ˚ þš½š=½ž=¦˚ ³ž=łÐˇ =Þˇ =ˇ ×− ¦žðšĆ ³š½š=½Ð²=¾ğ½−ł¹ˇ ¾˝ š²=×−¼=˚₣ š½š=
½¹ˇŁ ¸þšÐK
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NK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=½ž=¦˚ ³ž=×− ¼=¦˚ Ýš½šI=?ÍÞ¸ýž=Ò¼³ð𼏲?I=?Ë˙ ¹½ˇ =ÍÞ¸ýž²?=¸=?„×ÐÝ−ł ¸?K
Òžýš˝ğ ³ž
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„ ˙Þ=š×ÐÝ ˚þš½š=?„×ÐÝ −ł ¸?I=¦ ˇ=š×ÐÝ ˚łš½š=½žÞ=š×Ц¼ýž½¸=¦˚³ž=ð ˙¦š=¾ −¹˙=× − ¼=¦ ˇ=
ˇ×− ¦žðšĆ š½šK
Ô¼¦ý˝ ³šÐ²=„³½˝ˇ³ž²
fl ¼½¸=ž=ݚн−¼¹ł ˝ˇ =³ˇ ²=š×н¹˚ ךÐ=Þ ˇ =¹¼¦ý ˝ ³š½š=½žÞ=š³½ ˝ˇ ³ž= ˇÞ˙ Ý−ł ˇ =ýš=½Ð²=
³¼Þ¦¸ðš²I=łÐˇ =Þˇ =½¹ˇŁ¸þš½š=ý˝ˇ =¾ğ½−ł¹ˇ ¾˝ˇ K
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NK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=½žÞ=š×ÐÝ−ł ¸=×− ¼=š×Ц¼ýš˝ ½šK
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WˡÞ− ÞÐð¸
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78
Ù ğ ½ −ł ¹ ˇ¾Ðð¸=Íž ₣ˇÞ¸
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NK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?„Þš¹łş ?K
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?Íž=šÞš¹łş?=łÐˇ =Þˇ =ˇ ךޚ¹ł−×− и³š½šK
ı¹¸³ž=½ž²=Țн −¼¹ ł ˝ˇ²=‡ −ž¦š ˝ˇ²
?Ùğ½−ł¹ˇ ¾K=Íž₣ˇ Þ¸?=→=x„×ÐÝKz=→ ?‡− ¸¦šÐˇ?
÷þ−Š− ²=ˇ×ş=½ž=Ê˚ ³ž=Ó¹−Ł− ݸ²=½ž²=̦ş Þž²
fl ð− Ý − ¼¦¸³½š=½žÞ=× ˇ ¹ˇ ð ˙ ½ ğ =ŠÐ ˇ ŠÐð ˇ ³ ˝ˇ = ş ½ ˇ Þ=¦ ˚ Ýš½š=Þ ˇ =š×г½¹ ˚Ğ š½š= ˇ×ş =½ž=¦ ˚ ³ž=
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NK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=ðˇ Ð=ð¹ˇ ½¸³½š=×К³ý˚Þ−=½−=×ݸð½¹−=ˇ ðĆ¹ğ³ž²=³½ž=¦˚ ³ž=šÐð−Þ− ³ð−×˝− ¼K
79
Ùğ ½−ł ¹ˇ¾Ðð¸=Íž₣ˇ Þ¸
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Ô¼¦ý˝ ³šÐ²=„³½˝ˇ³ž²
fl ¼½¸=ž=ݚн− ¼¹ ł˝ˇ =³ ˇ ²=š×н¹ ˚ ךÐ=Þ ˇ =¹ ¼ ¦ ý ˝ ³š½š= ˇ ¼½ şýˇ ½ ˇ =½žÞ=š³½ ˝ˇ ³ž= ˇÞ˙ Ý−ł ˇ =ý š=½ Ð ² =
³¼Þ¦¸ðš²I=łÐˇ =Þˇ =ł¹˙ Ğ š½š=˚Þˇ =обЗЙз=ЕдбйK
?Ùğ½−ł¹ˇ ¾K=Íž₣ˇ Þ¸?=→ x„×ÐÝKz=→ ?„ЊÐð˚ ²=Ô¼¦ýK?=→=?Ô¼¦ý˝ ³K=„³½˝ˇ ³ž²?
NK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=½žÞ=š×ÐÝ−ł ¸=×− ¼=š×Ц¼ýš˝ ½šK
„ÞŠš˝ þšÐ²=ˡ½˙ ³½ˇ ³ž²=„³½˝ˇ ³ž²
WˡÞ− ÞÐð¸
W j~Åêç
W ı šÐ¹− ð˝ Þž½ž=š³½˝ˇ ³ž
ı¹¸³ž=½ž²=Țн −¼¹ ł ˝ˇ²=‡ −ž¦š ˝ˇ²
?Ùğ½−ł¹ˇ ¾K=Íž₣ˇ Þ¸?=→=x„×ÐÝKz=→ ?‡− ¸¦šÐˇ?
Ëğ ŠÐð− ×−˝ž³ž=sáÇÉç
?Ùğ½−ł¹ˇ ¾K=Íž₣ˇ Þ¸?=→=x„×ÐÝKz=→ ?„ЊÐð˚ ²=Ô¼¦ýK?=→=?Ëğ ŠÐð− ×K=sáÇÉç?
NK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=½− =ðˇ½˙ ÝÝžÝ−=¾− ¹ý˙K
÷þ−Š− ²=ˇ×ş=½ž=Ê˚ ³ž=Ó¹−Ł− ݸ²=½ž²=̦ş Þž²
fl ð− Ý − ¼¦¸³½š=½žÞ=× ˇ ¹ˇ ð ˙ ½ ğ =ŠÐ ˇ ŠÐð ˇ ³ ˝ˇ = ş ½ ˇ Þ=¦ ˚ Ýš½š=Þ ˇ =š×г½¹ ˚Ğš½š= ˇ ׺ =½ž=¦ ˚ ³ž=
×¹−Ł− ݸ²=½ž²=−¦şÞž²=³½žÞ=ðˇÞ −ÞÐð¸=¦˚³žK
NK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=ðˇ Ð=ð¹ˇ ½¸³½š=×К³ý˚Þ−=½−=×ݸð½¹−=ˇ ðĆ¹ğ³ž²=³½ž=¦˚ ³ž=šÐð−Þ− ³ð−×˝− ¼K
86
Мзнэмбфб
ДзмйпхсгЯб Mзнэм
Ейуесчьменб
Рсьчейсб
Рсьфхрб
УфблмЭнб
Еоесчьменб
Messenger
ЕрйлпгЮ
Ðßóù
ÍžÞĆýˇ ½ˇ
=Ej=QF
Ú− =½žÝ˚ ¾ğ Þ− =³˙ ²=š×н¹˚ ךÐ=Þˇ =³½˚ ÝÞš½š=ðˇ Ð=Þˇ =ݡ ýŁ˙ Þš½š=ł ¹ˇ ×½˙ =ýžÞĆ ýˇ ½ˇ I=
ýžÞĆýˇ ½ˇ =×− ݼý˚³ğ Þ=¸=ýžÞĆýˇ ½ˇ =ÉJã~áäI=ˇÝÝ˙=ðˇÐ=Þˇ=ݡýŁ ˙Þš½š=šÐŠ−×−и³šÐ²=t^mK
jjp
Â=ݚн− ¼¹ł˝ˇ =jjp=³ˇ ²=š×н¹˚ ךÐ=Þˇ =ݡýŁ ˙ Þš½š=ðˇ Ð=Þˇ =³½˚ ÝÞš½š=ýžÞĆýˇ ½ˇ =
×− ݼý˚ ³ğ Þ=₣ğ¹ž½Ððş ½ž½ˇ ²=˚ğ ²=ðˇ Ð=PMM h_=ýš=³¼Þžýý˚ Þš²=¾ğ ½−ł ¹ˇ ¾˝ š²I=¸₣− ¼²=¸=
обЗЙз=ЕдбйлK
Òžýš ˝ğ ³ž
≥
̹гý˚ Þš²=ݚн− ¼¹ł˝ š²=jjp=šÞŠ˚₣š½ ˇÐ=Þˇ=ýžÞ=š˝ÞˇÐ=ŠÐˇ¦˚³Ðýš²=×˙Þ½−½šI=×¹ ˙łý ˇ=
×− ¼=šþˇ ¹½˙ ½ˇ Ð=ˇ ׺ =½− =Š ˝ ð½¼ş =³ˇ ²K=·Ðˇ =ך¹Ð³ ³ş ½š¹š²=×Ýž¹− ¾− ¹˝ š²I=š×Ðð− ÐÞğ Þ¸³½š=
ýš=½− Þ=ס¹−₣ ˚ˇ =ŠÐð½Ć−¼K
≥
Ú− =ý˚ł г½− =ý˚ł š¦− ²=½− ¼=ýžÞĆ ýˇ ½− ²=šþˇ¹½˙½ˇÐ=ˇ×ş =½Ð²=¹¼¦ý˝ ³šÐ²=×− ¼=˚₣ šÐ=
×¹ˇłý ˇ½− ×− и³šÐ=− =ס¹−₣ ˚ˇ ²=ŠÐð½Ć−¼K
Мзнэмбфб
Messenger
ФзлецщнзфЮт
ЕкрпмрЮ КхшЭлзт
Рлзс. КхшЭлзт
СхимЯуейт
КбфЬуф. МнЮмзт
ЕрйлпгЮ
Ðßóù
pjp
Â=ݚн− ¼¹ł˝ˇ =pjp=³ˇ ²=š×н¹˚ ךÐ=Þˇ =³½˚ ÝÞš½š=ł¹ˇ ×½˙ =ýžÞĆýˇ ½ˇ =ýšł˚¦ − ¼²=˚ğ ²=ðˇ Ð=
TSR=₣ˇ¹ˇ 𽸹š²K=„˙ Þ=³½š˝ Ýš½š=˚Þˇ =ý¸Þ¼ýˇ =ýšłˇÝ Ć ½š¹−=ˇ ׺ =NSM=₣ˇ¹ˇ 𽸹š²I=ˇ ¼½ş=
ý− й˙ Žš½ˇ Ð=³š=ך¹Ð³³ş½š¹ˇ=½ý¸ýˇ½ˇK
bã~áä
Â=ݚн− ¼¹ł˝ˇ =bã~áä=³˙ ²=š×н¹˚ ךÐ=Þˇ =³½š˝ Ýš½š=ýžÞĆýˇ ½ˇ =ýšł˚¦ − ¼²=˚ğ ²=ðˇ Ð=PMM=h_K
‚žýÐ− ¼¹ł˝ˇ=Î˚− ¼=ÍžÞĆýˇ ½−²
Ebã~áäF
A
=→=?‚žýÐ− ¼¹ł˝ˇ =jžÞĆ ý?=→=?bã~áä?
EjjpLpjpF
A
=→=?‚žýÐ− ¼¹ł˝ˇ =jžÞĆ ý?=→=?͸޼ýˇ?
NK
„г˙ł š½š=½− =ý¸Þ¼ýˇK
87
ÍžÞĆýˇ ½ˇ
OK
Ebã~áäLjjpF
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=x„×ÐÝ−ł˚ ²z=ðˇ Ð=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?„гˇłğł ¸=³½−Ð₣š˝ − ¼?I=š˙ Þ=¦˚ Ýš½š=Þˇ=
š×г¼Þ˙Ğ š½š=ˇ¹₣ š˝ˇK
PK
Ebã~áäLjjpF
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=½− =³½−Ð₣š˝ − =× − ¼=š×Ц¼ýš˝ ½šK=Èš×½−ý˚ ¹šÐš²=ˇ Þˇ ¾˚ ¹− Þ½ˇ Ð=³½Ð²=ס¹ˇð˙½ğ =
šÞş ½ž½š²K
?„ÐðşÞˇ ?W „×г¼Þ˙ ×½šÐ=ˇ¹₣ š˝ˇ=¾ğ½−ł¹ ˇ¾˝ˇ²K
?◊₣− ²?W „×г¼Þ˙ ×½šÐ=ˇ ¹₣ š˝ˇ =¸₣− ¼K
?‡˝ Þ½š− ?W „×г¼Þ˙ ×½šÐ=ˇ¹₣ š˝ˇ =обЗЙз=ЕдбйK
?„ЧР³ĆÞˇ Ğ ž=š×ˇ ¾¸²?W „×г¼Þ˙ ×½šÐ=ðˇ½ˇ₣𹸳šÐ²=½ž²=È˝ ³½ˇ ²=„ס¾ć ÞK
?„×гĆÞˇ Ğ ž=³¼Þ˙ Þ½ž³ž²?W „×г¼Þ˙ ×½šÐ=ðˇ½ˇ₣𠹸³šÐ²=ı¹−Þ− ŠÐˇł ¹˙ ýýˇ ½− ²K
QK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?fl×− ³½− ݸ?K
RK
EjjpF
„г˙ł š½š=¸=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=½ž=ŠÐšĆ ¦¼Þ³ž=ÉJã~áä=¸=½− Þ=ˇ ¹Ð¦ýş =½žÝš¾ćÞ− ¼=ˇ×ş =½ž=È˝ ³½ˇ=
„ס¾ć ÞK
EpjpF
„г˙ł š½š=¸=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=½− Þ=ˇ ¹Ð¦ýş =½žÝš¾ćÞ− ¼=ˇ×ş =½ž=È˝ ³½ˇ =„ס¾ć ÞK
Ebã~áäF
„г˙ł š½š=½ž=ŠÐšĆ ¦¼Þ³ž=Éã~áä=ˇ×ş =½ž=È˝ ³½ˇ =„ס¾ć ÞK
·Ðˇ =Þˇ =× ¹− ³¦˚ ³½š=×− Ýݡ ×Ý˚ ²=ŠÐš¼¦Ć Þ³šÐ²=ÉJã~áä=¸=½žÝš¾ğ ÞÐð−Ć ²=ˇ ¹Ð¦ý−Ć ²=E˚ğ ²=
ðˇ Ð=OMFI=ýˇ ¹ð˙ ¹š½š=½− =×šŠ˝− =½− ¼=ס¹ˇ ݸ׽žI=×Ð˚ ³½š=x„×ÐÝKzI=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?„ךþK=C=
Ó¹− ³¦K=fl×− ³½− Ý˚ˇ ?I=³½ž=³¼Þ˚₣ šÐˇ=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?Ó¹− ³¦K=Óˇ¹ˇÝ¸×½K?K
„г˙ł š½š=¸=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=½ž=ŠÐšĆ ¦¼Þ³ž=ÉJã~áä=¸=½− Þ=ˇ ¹Ð¦ýş =½žÝš¾ćÞ− ¼=¸=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=
ˇ ׺ =½žÞ=¼× ˙ ¹₣− ¼³ ˇ =È˝ ³½ˇ =„ס ¾ć ÞK
Í×− ¹š˝ ½š=Þˇ =šÐ³˙ł š½š=˚ğ ²=ðˇ Ð=OM=Ğ ž¾˝ˇ =EjjpLpjpF=¸=NOU=₣ˇ¹ˇ 𽸹š²=Ebã~áäL
jjpF=³š=ð˙ ¦š=ŠÐšĆ ¦¼Ю³ž=Йг~бд=~ЗЗкЙлл=¸=ˇ ¹Ð¦ýş =½žÝš¾ćÞ− ¼K
·Ðˇ =Þˇ=ˇ ÝÝ˙ þš½š=½− Þ=½Ć×− =ס¹ˇ Ýž×½ć Þ=×Ð˚ ³½š=x„×ÐÝKzI=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?„ךþš¹ł K=
fl ×− Ššð½ ć Þ?=ð ˇ Ð=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?fl Ýݡ ł¸=³š=ÓÔÌÒ?I=? fl Ýݡ ł¸=³š=``?=çê=? fl Ýݡ ł¸=³š=
_``?=Ebã~áäLjjpFK
88
SK
Ebã~áäLjjpF
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=½− =×šŠ˝− =½− ¼=¦˚ýˇ½− ²=ðˇ Ð=šÐ³˙ł š½š=½− =¦˚ýˇK
TK
EjjpLpjpF
Ì=½Ć×− ²=ý𽎾− ¹˙ ²=Epjp=¸=jjpF=šý¾ˇÞ˝ Žš½ˇ Ð=³½− =×šŠ˝− =?ÚĆ×− ²=ýžÞĆýˇ ½− ²?K=
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=½− =×šŠ˝− =ðˇ Ð=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=½− Þ=½Ć×− =ý𽎾− ¹˙ ²=×− ¼=š×Ц¼ýš˝ ½šK
UK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?„ЊÐð˚ ²?=łÐˇ=Þˇ =¹¼¦ý˝ ³š½š=½Ð²=×¹−žłý˚Þš²=š×ÐÝ−ł˚ ²=ˇ×− ³½− ݸ²=
ýžÞĆýˇ ½− ²K
≥
?Ë ˇ ¦¼³½ ˚ ¹ž³ž=× ˇ¹ ˙ Š−³ž²?=E? ı ğ¹ ˝ ²=ð ˇ ¦¼³½ ˚ ¹ž³ž?I=?PM=Ýš×½ ˙ ?I=?N= 㹎 ?I=?S=
ć¹š²?I=?N=žý˚¹ ˇ?I=?N=š ŁŠ −ý ˙Š ˇ?=E łÐ ˇ=jjpFW
̹˝ ŽšÐ=½−=₣¹şÞ− =³½− Þ=−×−˝ − =¦ˇ =ס¹ˇŠ− ¦š˝ =½− =ý¸Þ¼ýˇ =ýš½˙ =½žÞ=×˝ š³ž=½− ¼=
×ݸð½¹− ¼=fl×− ³½− ݸ²K
≥
?fl Þˇ ¾− ¹˙ =ס ¹˙ Š− ³ž²?=E?Ρ Ð?I=?⁄₣ Ð?F=EłÐˇ =jjpLpjpFW
„Þš¹ł− ×− К˝ =¸=ˇ ךޚ¹ł− ×− К˝ =½žÞ=fl Þˇ ¾− ¹˙ =Óˇ ¹˙ Š− ³ž²=łÐˇ =½žÞ=š×н¼₣ ¸=
ˇ ×−³½ −ݸ=½ −¼=ýžÞ Ćý ˇ ½−²=³½ −Þ=× ˇ¹ ˇ ݸ׽žK
≥
?›¹ˇ =ȸþž²?=E?‚Ðˇł¹ ˇ ¾¸=×−½˚ ?I=?PM=Ýš×½˙ ?I=?N=㹎 ?I=?S=ć ¹š²?I=?N=žý˚¹ˇ ?I=?N=
šŁ Š− ý˙ Ў ?=Eł Ðˇ =pjpLjjpFW
̹˝ ŽšÐ=½−=ı ¹şÞ− =ȸþž²=ý˚₣ ¹Ð=½− Þ=−×−˝ −=˚ Þˇ =ý¸Þ¼ýˇ =¦ˇ =ס¹ˇý˚ ÞšÐ=
ˇ ×−¦žðš¼ý ˚ Þ−=³½ −=ŠÐ ˇð−ýг½¸K
≥
Ó¹− ½š¹ˇÐş ½ž½ˇ =E?ÛĞ žÝ¸?I=?ˡÞ− ÞÐð¸?I=?ıˇ ýžÝ¸?FW
„ð₣𠹚˝ =×¹− ½š¹ˇÐş ½ž½š²=³½ˇ =ýžÞĆýˇ ½ˇ =×−¼=ŠžýÐ−¼¹łš˝ ½šK
≥
?fl Þˇ ¾− ¹˙ =fl Þ˙ł Þğ ³ž²?=E?Ρ Ð?I=?⁄₣ Ð?F=Eł Ðˇ =jjpLpjpFW
„Þš¹ł− ×− К˝ =¸=ˇ ךޚ¹ł− ×− К˝ =½žÞ=fl Þˇ ¾− ¹˙ =fl Þ˙ł Þğ ³ž²=ş½ˇ Þ=ˇ ס нž¦š˝ =ˇ ׺=
½− Þ=ס ¹ˇ ݸ׽ž=Þˇ =šÞžýš¹ć ³šÐ=½− Þ=ˇ ×− ³½− ݸ=ł Ðˇ=½žÞ=ˇÞ˙łÞğ ³ž=½− ¼=
ýžÞĆýˇ ½− ²K
VK
͡ ¹ð˙ ¹š½š=½žÞ=?fl ×− ³½− ݸ?I=³½ ž =³¼Þ˚₣ šÐˇ =×Ð˚ ³½š= =łÐˇ =Þˇ =³½š˝ Ýš½šK
Íš½˙ =½žÞ=ˇ×− ³½− ݸ=½− ¼I=½− =ý¸Þ¼ýˇ =ý𽎾˚ ¹š½ˇ Ð=³½− =¾˙ ðšÝ− =?Ò½ˇ Ýý˚Þˇ ?K
ÍžÞĆýˇ ½ˇ
89
ÍžÞĆýˇ ½ˇ
Òžýš˝ğ ³ž
≥
Ú− =½¹˚₣− Þ=ý˚ł š¦− ²=ýžÞĆ ýˇ ½− ²=×−¼=šý¾ˇÞ˝Žš½ˇÐ=ðˇ½˙=½ž=ŠÐ˙¹ðšÐˇ=ŠžýÐ−¼¹ł ˝ˇ²=
½− ¼=ýžÞĆ ýˇ ½− ²=š˝ Þˇ Ð=×¹− ³šłł г½Ððş K
≥
„˙ Þ=˚ Þˇ =ý¸Þ¼ýˇ =ŠšÞ=ý×− ¹š˝ =Þˇ=ˇ×− ³½ˇÝš˝=ł Ðˇ =ð˙×− Ð− =Ýşł− I=½ş ½š=ˇ ¼½ş =ס¹ˇý˚ ÞšÐ=
³½ˇ =„þš¹₣ş ýšÞˇ=ðˇÐ=³½žÞ=ðˇ½˙³½ˇ³ž=ˇÞˇý− Þ¸²=šý¾ˇÞ˝Žš½ˇÐ=½−=šÐð−Þ˝ ŠÐ− =? ?K
Ò¼ýŁ− ¼Ý¸
≥
·Ðˇ =Þˇ=ˇ×− ¦žðšĆ ³š½š=½− =ý¸Þ¼ýˇ=₣ğ ¹˝ ²=Þˇ =½− =³½š˝Ýš½šI=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=x„×ÐÝ−ł˚ ²z=ðˇ Ð=
š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?fl×− ¦¸ðš¼³ž=³½− =¾˙ðšÝ− =Ó¹ş₣ šÐ¹ˇ ?=³½−=Ł ¸ýˇ =OK
≥
Í×− ¹š˝ ½š=Þˇ =³½š˝ Ýš½š=½ˇ =ס¹ˇð˙½ğ =³½−Ð₣š˝ˇ =ğ²=³¼Þžýý˚Þˇ=³½ˇ=ýžÞĆý ˇ½ˇ=
×− ݼý˚ ³ğ ÞK=Èš×½− ý˚ ¹šÐš²=ˇÞˇ¾˚¹− Þ½ˇ Ð=³½Ð²=ס¹ˇð˙½ğ =šÞş½ž½š²K
≥
‚šŠ −ý˚ Þ ˇ = ˇ × ş =Ú −=¼ÝÐðş=ý −¼
≥
Ë ˇ ½ ˇ₣ć¹ž³ž=È˝ ³½ ˇ ²=„× ˇ¾ćÞ
≥
fl ¹₣ š ˝ −=Eð ˇ ½ˇ ₣ć¹ž³ž=₣ ¹− Þ− ŠÐ ˇ ł¹ ˙ ýýˇ ½− ²=× − ¼= ˚ ₣šÐ=ŠžýÐ− ¼¹ł ž¦š˝=³½ − =
Âýš¹−ÝşłÐ− I=ðˇ½ˇ₣ć¹ž³ž=È ˝³½ˇ²=š×ˇ¾ć ÞF=ðÝ×K
≥
Í× − ¹š ˝½š= ˇðş ýž=Þ ˇ=₣ ¹ž³Ðý − × − и³š½š=½žÞ=š×ÐÝ −ł ¸=×¹ −½ Ć × ğ Þ= łÐˇ=Þ ˇ=³¼Þ¦ ˚ ³š½š=
˚Þ ˇ=ý¸Þ¼ý ˇK=·Ð ˇ=×Ýž¹ −¾ −¹ ˝š²=³ ₣š½Ðð˙=ýš=½ž=₣ ¹¸³ž=½ž²=š×ÐÝ−ł ¸²I=Šš˝½š=?ı¹¸³ž=
Ó¹ −½ Ć × ğ Þ?=³½ž=³šÝ ˝Š ˇ RTK
„×гĆÞˇ Ğ ž=‚šŠ−ý˚ Þğ Þ=ˇ×ş =Ú− =¼ÝÐðş=ý−¼
NK
Ò½−=Ł ¸ýˇ =P=³½ž=?‚žýÐ− ¼¹ł˝ˇ=Î˚ − ¼=ÍžÞĆýˇ ½− ²?=³½ž=³šÝ˝Šˇ UTI=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=ˇ ׺ =
?„ÐðşÞˇ ?I=?◊₣− ²?=¸=?‡˝ Þ½š− ?K
90
ÍžÞĆýˇ ½ˇ
OK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=½−=ˇ ¹₣š˝ − =×− ¼=š×Ц¼ýš˝ ½šK
„ ˙ Þ=¦ ˚ Ýš½š=Þ ˇ =½¹ ˇŁ ¸þš½š=Þ ˚ š²=¾ ğ½ −ł¹ ˇ ¾ ˝ š²I=Þ ˇ =ž ₣−ł¹ ˇ ¾¸³š½š=¸ ₣−¼²=¸=Þ ˇ =
ł¹˙ Ğš½š=обЗЙз=ЕдбйлI=šЧРЭ˚ þ½š=?È¸Ğž=Ùğ½ −ł¹ˇ ¾˝ˇ ²?I=?Â₣−ł¹˙ ¾ž³ž?=¸=?„łł¹ˇ ¾¸=
sáÇÉç?K
≥ E·Ðˇ=¾ ğ ½−ł ¹ˇ ¾ ˝ š²F
·Ðˇ =½žÞ=š×гĆÞˇ Ğ ž=¾ğ½−ł¹ˇ ¾Ðć ÞI=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=½žÞ=ðˇ½˙ Ýݞݞ=š×ÐÝ−ł¸=ˇÝݡł ¸²=
ýšł˚¦ − ¼²I=ˇ¾−Ć =½− =ý˚ł г½− =ý˚ł š¦−²=šÞş²=ýžÞĆýˇ ½−²=šþˇ¹½˙½ˇÐ=ˇ× ş=½−Þ=
ס ¹−₣˚ˇ =ŠÐð½Ć−¼K
≥ E·Ðˇ=¸ ₣− ¼²F
·Ðˇ =½žÞ=š×гĆÞˇ Ğ ž=¸₣ğ ÞI=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=½žÞ=ðˇ½˙Ýݞݞ=š×ÐÝ−ł ¸=¾−¹ý ˙I=ˇ¾−Ć =½− =
ý˚ł г½− =ý˚ł š¦− ²=šÞş ²=ýžÞĆ ýˇ ½− ²=šþˇ ¹½˙ ½ˇ Ð=ˇ ׺ =½− Þ=ס ¹−₣˚ˇ =ŠÐð½Ć−¼K
„×гĆÞˇ Ğ ž=ý˝ˇ ²=ˡ½ˇ₣ć ¹ž³ž²=ı¹−Þ− ŠÐˇł ¹˙ ýýˇ ½− ²
NK
Ò½−=Ł ¸ýˇ =P=³½ž=?‚žýÐ− ¼¹ł˝ˇ=Î˚ − ¼=ÍžÞĆýˇ ½− ²?=³½ž=³šÝ˝Šˇ UTI=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=
?„×гĆÞˇ Ğž=³¼Þ˙ Þ½ž³ž²?K
OK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=½žÞ=žý˚¹ˇ =×−¼=ך¹Ðݡý Ł˙ÞšÐ=½Ð²=ðˇ½ˇ₣𠹸³šÐ²=₣ ¹− Þ− ŠÐˇł¹˙ ýýˇ ½−²=
×− ¼=¦˚ Ýš½š=Þˇ =š×г¼Þ˙Ğš½šK
PK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=½žÞ=ðˇ½ˇ₣ć ¹ž³ž=₣¹−Þ− ŠÐˇł¹ ˙ ýýˇ½− ²=×− ¼=š×Ц¼ýš˝ ½šK
Ó¹− ³¦¸ðž=ÓÝž¹−¾− ¹Ðć Þ=ˇ×ş =ý˝ˇ =ˡ½ˇ₣ć¹ž³ž=È ˝³½ˇ²=„ס¾ć Þ
NK
Ò½−=Ł ¸ýˇ =P=½ž²=ס¹ˇł¹ ˙¾−¼=?‚žýÐ− ¼¹ ł˝ˇ=Î˚−¼=ÍžÞĆý ˇ½− ²?=³½ž=³šÝ˝Šˇ UTI=
š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?„×гĆÞˇ Ğž=š×ˇ ¾¸²?K
OK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=½žÞ=ðˇ½ˇ₣ć ¹ž³ž=×− ¼=š×Ц¼ýš˝ ½šK
„˙ Þ=¦˚ Ýš½š=Þˇ =š×ÐÝ˚ þš½š=½ž=ŠÐð¸=³ˇ ²=ðˇ ½ˇ₣ć¹ž³ž=È ˝³½ˇ²=„ס¾ć ÞI=š×ÐÝ˚þ½š=
?Ò½−Ð₣ K=„ס ¾K=Í− ¼?K
PK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=½− =×šŠ˝− =×− ¼=š×Ц¼ýš˝ ½šK
„г˙ł 𽎠Ð=ž=š×ÐÝšłý˚ Þž=×Ýž¹−¾−¹˝ˇ K
91
ÍžÞĆýˇ ½ˇ
Ó¹− ³¦¸ðž=šÞş²=päáÇÉ=pÜçï
NK
Ò½−=Ł ¸ýˇ =O=³½ž=?‚žýÐ− ¼¹ł˝ˇ=Î˚ − ¼=ÍžÞĆýˇ ½− ²?=³½ž=³šÝ˝Šˇ UTI=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=
?„×ÐÝ−ł˚ ²?=ðˇÐ=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?Ó¹− ³¦¸ðž=‚Ðˇ¾˙ ÞšÐˇ ²?K
„˙ Þ=¦˚ Ýš½š=Þˇ =×¹− ³¦˚ ³š½š=ך¹Ð³³ş ½š¹ˇ =лдбЗЙлI=šЧРЭ˚ þ½š=?Ó¹− ³¦¸ðž=ŠÐˇ ¾˙ ÞšÐˇ ²=
×¹ÐÞ?=¸=?Ó¹− ³¦¸ðž=ŠÐˇ¾˙ ÞšÐˇ ²=ýš½˙ ?K
OK
„г˙ł š½š=½− =ý¸Þ¼ýˇK
„˙ Þ=¦˚ Ýš½š=Þˇ =− ¹˝ ³½š=½ž=ŠÐ˙ ¹ðšÐˇ =ð˙ ¦š=лдбЗЙI=ЧР˚ ³½š=x„×ÐÝ−ł ˚ ²z=ðˇ Ð=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=
?‚Ð˙ ¹ðšÐˇ =päáÇÉ?I=³½ž=³¼Þ˚₣ šÐˇ =š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=½ž=ŠÐ˙ ¹ðšÐˇ =×− ¼=š×Ц¼ýš˝ ½šK
Ò¼ýŁ− ¼Ý¸
≥
Í×− ¹š˝ ½š=Þˇ =ŠžýÐ− ¼¹ł ¸³š½š=ýžÞĆýˇ ½ˇ =ýšł˚¦− ¼²=˚ğ ²=ðˇ Ð=PMM=h_K=Ë˙ ¦š=лдбЗЙ=
ý×− ¹š˝ =Þˇ =ך¹Ð˚₣šÐ=ý ˝ˇ=¾ğ½−ł¹ ˇ¾˝ˇ=¸LðˇÐ=˚Þˇ =ˇ ¹₣ š˝− =¸₣− ¼=¸=обЗЙз=ЕдбйK
Íš½ˇð˝ Þž³ž=¸=fl¾ˇ˝¹š³ž=Ò¼Þžýý˚ÞğÞ
NK
Ò½−=Ł ¸ýˇ =P=³½ž=?‚žýÐ− ¼¹ł˝ˇ =Î˚− ¼=ÍžÞĆýˇ ½− ²?=³½ž=³šÝ˝Šˇ UTI=×Ð˚ ³½š=x„×ÐÝ−ł˚ ²z=
ðˇ Ð=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=½žÞ=ˇ Þ½˝ ³½−Ð₣ ž=š×ÐÝ−ł ¸=ˇ¾ˇ˝¹š³ž²=łÐˇ =ð˙ ¦š=³¼Þžýý˚ Þ−K
fl ×− ³½ − ݸ=ÍžÞ Ć ý ˇ ½− ²= ˇ ׺ =½ ˇ =Ó¹ ş₣šÐ¹ˇ
A
=→=?Ó¹ş₣ šÐ¹ˇ?
NK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=½žÞ=ðˇ ¹½˚ݡ =×− ¼=¦˚ Ýš½šI=pjpL jjp=¸=bJã~áäK
OK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=x„×ÐÝ−ł˚ ²z=ðˇ Ð=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?„ךþš¹łˇ³˝ˇ =C=fl×− ³½− ݸ?K
PK
Ú¹−×−×− и³½š =½ −=ý¸Þ¼ýˇ I=š˙ Þ=₣ ¹šÐ˙ Žš½ˇ ÐK
QK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?fl×− ³½− ݸ?K
RK
͡ ¹ð˙ ¹š½š=½žÞ=?fl ×− ³½− ݸ?I=³½ ž=³¼Þ˚₣ šÐˇ =×Ð˚ ³½š= =łÐˇ =Þˇ =³½š˝ Ýš½šK
92
ÍžÞ Ćýˇ½ ˇ
flÞ ˙łÞ ğ³ž=jjp
Úˇ =ýžÞĆ ýˇ ½ˇ =×− ¼=ݡ ýŁ˙ Þš½š=ˇ ×− ¦žðšĆ−Þ½ˇ Ð=³½ˇ =„гš¹₣ş ýšÞˇK
Ó¹−Ł− ݸ=ÍžÞ¼ý˙½ğ Þ=×¹ÐÞ=½ž=È¸Ğž
⁄ ½ˇ Þ=ݡ ýŁ ˙ Þš½š=˚Þˇ =šÐ³š¹₣ş ýšÞ −=ý¸Þ¼ý ˇ I=³½žÞ=−¦ş Þž=½ − ¼=½žÝš¾ ćÞ− ¼=šý¾ ˇÞ˝ Žš½ ˇ Ð=
ž=˚ ÞŠšÐþž=jjp=E FK
A
=→=?„гš¹₣ş ýšÞˇ?
NK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=½žÞ=šÐŠ−×−˝ ž³ž=ýžÞĆýˇ ½− ²=×− ¼=¦˚ Ýš½š=Þˇ =Šš˝ ½šK
Ò¼ýŁ− ¼Ý¸
≥
Â= ˚Þ½ ˇ³ž=šþˇ ¹½ ˙ ½ ˇ Ð= ˇ ׺=½Ð²=¹¼¦ý ˝³šÐ²=½ž²=÷Þ½ ˇ ³ž²=„¾ˇ¹ý −ł ¸²=E³šÝK NQSFK=Ì=¸ ₣− ²=
ˇ×šÞš¹ł− ×− К ˝½ˇÐ=ş ½ˇÞ=ž=?÷Þ½ˇ³ž=„¾ˇ¹ý−ł ¸²?=¹¼¦ýг½š ˝=³š=?ÒÐğ מݺ ?K
fl×− ¦¸ðš¼³ž=½− ¼=fl¹Ð¦ý−Ć =ڞݚ¾ćÞ − ¼=šÞş ²=fl×− ³½− Ý ˚ˇ=³½ž=È˝³½ˇ=„ס¾ć Þ
A
=→=?„гš¹₣ş ýšÞˇ?
NK
͡ ¹ð˙ ¹š½š=½− =ý¸Þ¼ýˇ =ˇ ׺ =½−=−×−˝ −=¦˚Ýš½š=Þˇ=ˇ× −¦žðšĆ³š½š=½−Þ=ˇ¹Ð¦ý ş=
½žÝš¾ćÞ−¼=¸=½ž=ŠÐšĆ ¦¼Þ³ž=ÉJã~áäK
OK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=x„×ÐÝ−ł˚ ²z=ðˇ Ð=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?fl×− ¦¸ðK=ŠÐšĆ ¦¼Þ³ž²?K
„ý¾ˇÞ˝ Žš½ˇ Ð=ž=−¦ş Þž=Þ˚ˇ ²=ðˇ½ˇ₣ć¹ž³ž²=½ž²=È˝ ³½ˇ ²=„ס¾ć Þ=×− ¼=ך¹ÐݡýŁ ˙ ÞšÐ=
½− Þ=½žÝš¾ğ ÞÐðş =ˇ ¹Ð¦ýş K=·Ðˇ =ך¹Ð³³ş ½š¹š²=×Ýž¹−¾−¹˝ š²=³₣ š½Ðð˙ =ýš=ýÐˇ =Þ˚ˇ =
ðˇ ½ˇ₣ć¹ž³ž=È ˝ ³½ˇ ²=„ס ¾ć ÞI=Šš˝ ½š=?Ó¹− ³¦¸ðž=Î˚ˇ ²=„ס ¾¸²?=³½ž=³šÝ˝Šˇ SNK
Ëݸ³ž=½− ¼=fl ¹Ð¦ý−Ć =ڞݚ¾ ćÞ− ¼=šÞş ²=fl ×− ³½− Ý˚ˇ=×− ¼=Óš¹Ð˚₣š½ ˇÐ=³š=˚Þˇ=͸޼ýˇ
A
=→=?„гš¹₣ş ýšÞˇ?
NK
͡ ¹ð˙ ¹š½š=½− =ý¸Þ¼ýˇ=×−¼=ך¹ÐݡýŁ ˙ÞšÐ=½−Þ= ½žÝš¾ğ ÞÐðş=ˇ ¹Ð¦ý ş=×− ¼=¦˚ Ýš½š=Þˇ=
ðˇ Ý˚ ³š½šK
OK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=x„×ÐÝ−ł˚ ²z=ðˇ Ð=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?Ëݸ³ž=š×ˇ¾ć Þ?K
93
ÍžÞĆýˇ ½ˇ
ȸРž=šÞş ²=Í−Þˇ ŠÐð−Ć =jjp
A
=→=?„гš¹₣ş ýšÞˇ?
NK
͡ ¹ð˙ ¹š½š=½ žÞ=šÐŠ−×−˝ ž³ž=ýžÞĆýˇ ½−²=E F=×−¼=¦˚Ýš½š=Þˇ=?ðˇ½š Ł˙³š½š?K
OK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=x„×ÐÝ−ł˚ ²z=ðˇ Ð=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?Ùş ¹½ğ ³ž?K
Â=Ý¸Ğ ž=þšðÐÞ˙ =ðˇ Ð=ž=˚ ÞŠšÐþž=ý𽎠½¹˚ ך½ˇ Ð=³š= K
Ò¼ýŁ− ¼Ý¸
≥
Í×− ¹š˝ ½š=Þˇ =?ðˇ ½šŁ˙ ³š½š?=ך¹Ð³³ş ½š¹ˇ =ýžÞĆýˇ ½ˇ =½ˇ ¼½ş₣¹− Þˇ K=‚š˝ ½š=½žÞ=
š×ş ýšÞž=šÞş ½ž½ˇK
ȸРž=Ó− Ýݡ ×Ýć Þ=jjp
A
=→=?„гš¹₣ş ýšÞˇ?
NK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=x„×ÐÝ−ł˚ ²z=ðˇ Ð=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?„ЊÐð˚ ²?K
OK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?Ó− Ýݡ ×ݸ=š×ÐÝ−ł ¸?K
PK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=½žÞ=šÐŠ−×−˝ ž³ž=ýžÞĆýˇ ½− ²=×− ¼=š×Ц¼ýš˝ ½š=₣ ¹ž³Ðý−×−ÐćÞ½ˇ²=½žÞ=
š×ÐÝ−ł ¸=?„×ÐÝ−ł ¸Lfl×− š×ÐÝ−ł ¸?=¸=?„×ÐÝ−ł ¸=⁄Ýğ Þ?K
QK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?Ùş ¹½ğ ³ž?K
Úˇ =š×ÐÝšł ý˚ Þˇ =ýžÞĆ ýˇ ½ˇ =ݡ ýŁ˙ Þ− Þ½ˇÐ=½ˇ¼½ş₣ ¹− ÞˇK
fl× ˙Þ½ž³ž=³š=˚Þ ˇ=͸޼ýˇ=¸=³š=⁄Ýš ²=½Ð²=‚К¼¦Ć Þ³šÐ²
A
=→=?„гš¹₣ş ýšÞˇ?
NK
͡ ¹ð˙ ¹š½š=½− =ý¸Þ¼ýˇ =½− ¼=ˇ×− ³½− Ý˚ˇ =³½− Þ=− ×−˝−=¦˚Ýš½š=Þ ˇ=ˇ ס Þ½¸³š½šK
OK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=x„×ÐÝ−ł˚ ²z=ðˇ Ð=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?fl×˙ Þ½ž³ž?=¸=?fl×˙Þ½ž³ž=⁄Ýğ Þ?K
PK
„г˙ł š½š=½− =ý¸Þ¼ýˇK
QK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=?fl×− ³½− ݸ?K
RK
͡ ¹ð˙ ¹š½š=½žÞ=?fl ×− ³½− ݸ?I=³½ ž=³¼Þ˚₣ šÐˇ =×Ð˚ ³½š= =łÐˇ =Þˇ =³½š˝ Ýš½šK
94
ÍžÞĆýˇ ½ˇ
Ó¹−ć ¦ž³ž=šÞş²=ÍžÞĆýˇ ½−²
A
=→=?„гš¹₣ş ýšÞˇ?
NK
͡ ¹ð˙ ¹š½š=½− =ý¸Þ¼ýˇ =×− ¼=¦˚Ýš½š=Þˇ =×¹−𠦸³š½šK
OK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=x„×ÐÝ−ł˚ ²z=ðˇ Ð=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?Ó¹−ć ¦ž³ž?K
PK
fl ð− Ý − ¼¦¸³½š=½ ˇ =Ł ¸ý ˇ ½ˇ =O=˚ğ²=V=³½ž=?‚žýÐ− ¼¹ł ˝ˇ =Î˚ −¼=ÍžÞĆ ýˇ½− ²?=³½ž=
³šÝ˝Šˇ UTK
fl ×− ý ˇ ð¹ ¼³ý˚ Þž=Ó¹ −ć ¦ž³ž
Í×− ¹š˝ ½š=Þˇ =ý𽎾˚ ¹š½š=½ˇ =ýžÞĆýˇ ½ˇ =ÉJã~áä=×− ¼=š˝Þˇ Ð=ˇ×− ¦žðš¼ý˚Þˇ =³½−=
ŠÐˇð− ýг½¸=ÉJã~áä=×¹− ²=˙ ÝÝ− ¼²=ס ¹ˇ ݸ׽š²K
A
=→=?„гš¹₣ş ýšÞˇ?
NK
͡ ¹ð˙ ¹š½š=½ žÞ=šÐŠ−×−˝ ž³ž=ýžÞĆýˇ ½−²=E F=×−¼=¦˚Ýš½š=Þˇ=ý𽎾˚¹š½šK
OK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=x„×ÐÝ−ł˚ ²z=ðˇ Ð=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?Ó¹−ć ¦ž³ž?K
PK
fl ð− Ý − ¼¦¸³½š=½ ˇ =Ł ¸ý ˇ ½ˇ =O=˚ğ²=R=³½ž=?‚žýÐ− ¼¹ł ˝ˇ =Î˚ −¼=ÍžÞĆ ýˇ½− ²?=³½ž=
³šÝ˝Šˇ UTK
95
ÍžÞĆýˇ ½ˇ
Úˇ þÐÞş ýž³ž=ÍžÞ¼ý˙½ğ Þ=³½ž=È˝ ³½ˇ
A
=→=?„гš¹₣ş ýšÞˇ?
NK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=x„×ÐÝ−ł˚ ²z=ðˇ Ð=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?„ЊÐð˚ ²?K
OK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?Úˇ þÐÞş ýž³ž?K
PK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=½− Þ=½Ć×− =½ˇ þÐÞş ýž ³ž²=×− ¼=š×Ц¼ýš˝ ½šK
ËÝš˝Šğ ýˇ =ðˇÐ=ÏšðÝš˝Šğ ýˇ=½ğÞ=ÍžÞ¼ý ˙½ğ Þ
A
=→=?„гš¹₣ş ýšÞˇ?
NK
͡ ¹ð˙ ¹š½š=½− =ý¸Þ¼ýˇ =×− ¼=¦˚Ýš½š=Þˇ =ðÝšÐŠć ³š½š=¸=Þˇ=þšðÝšÐŠć ³š½šK
OK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=x„×ÐÝ−ł˚ ²z=ðˇ Ð=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?„ЊÐð˚ ²?K
PK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?ËÝš˝Šğ ýˇ LÏšðÝš˝Šğ ýˇ ?K
96
ÍžÞĆýˇ ½ˇ
97
ÍžÞĆýˇ ½ˇ
„ð×− ý׸=˼Ğ˚Ýž²
Í×− ¹š˝ ½š=Þˇ =Ý˙Ł š½š=ýžÞĆýˇ ½ˇ =šð×− ý׸²=ð¼Ğ˚ Ýž²=¸=ł šÞÐð˙ =ýžÞĆýˇ ½ˇ =ş×ğ ²=ŠšÝ½˝ˇ =
×¹şł Þğ ³ž²=ðˇ й−Ć =¸=ŠšÝ½˝ˇ =ð¼ðÝ− ¾− ¹˝ˇ ²K=fl ¼½˚ ²=− Ð=×Ýž¹−¾−¹˝ š²=ýš½ˇŠ˝Š− Þ½ˇ Ð=³š=
³¼Þй− ýž½˚ ²=³¼ł ðšð¹Ðý˚Þğ Þ=ך¹Ð−₣ć Þ=½− ¼=ŠÐð½Ć− ¼K
Â=ݚн− ¼¹ł˝ˇ =ˇ ¼½¸=šÞŠ˚ ₣ 𽎠Ð=Þˇ =ýžÞ=š˝Þˇ Ð=ŠÐˇ¦˚ ³Ðýž=³š=şÝˇ =½ˇ =Š˝ ð½¼ˇ =ðÐÞž½¸²=
½žÝš¾ğÞ˝ˇ²K=·Ðˇ =ך¹Ð³³ş ½š¹š²=×Ýž¹−¾−¹˝ š²I=š×Ðð− ÐÞğ Þ¸³½š=ýš=½− Þ=ס¹−₣ ˚ˇ=
ŠÐð½Ć−¼K
„Þš¹ł− ×−˝ ž³žLfl ךޚ¹ł− ×−˝ ž³ž=„ð×− ý׸²=˼Ğ˚ Ýž²
?ÍžÞĆýˇ ½ˇ ?= →=?„ð×− ý׸=˼Ğ˚ Ýž²? →=?„Þš¹ł KLfl ךޚ¹łK?
NK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?„Þš¹łş ?=¸=?Íž=šÞš¹łş ?K
fl Þ˙ łÞğ ³ž=ÍžÞ¼ý˙½ğ Þ=„ð× − ý׸²=˼ Ğ ˚ Ýž²
?ÍžÞĆýˇ ½ˇ ?= →=?„ð×− ý׸=˼Ğ˚ Ýž²? →=?flÞ˙łÞğ ³ž=ÍžÞ¼ýK?
NK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=½−=ˇ Þ½Ððš˝ ýšÞ− =×− ¼=š×Ц¼ýš˝ ½šK
OK
Íš½ˇ ðÐÞž¦š˝ ½š=³½žÞ=−¦ş Þž=łÐˇ =Þˇ =ŠÐˇ Ł˙ ³š½š=½− =ý¸Þ¼ýˇK
PK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=xÓ˝³ğ zK
Ô¼¦ý˝ ³šÐ²=·Ýğ³³ćÞ
Í×− ¹š˝ ½š=Þˇ =š×ÐÝ˚ þš½š=½ž=łÝć ³³ˇ =³½žÞ=−×−˝ˇ=×¹ − ½Ðý˙ ½š=Þˇ =šý¾ˇ Þ˝ Ž− Þ½ˇ Ð=½ˇ =
ýžÞĆýˇ ½ˇ =šð×− ý׸²=ð¼Ğ˚Ýž²K
?ÍžÞĆýˇ ½ˇ ?= →=?„ð×− ý׸=˼Ğ˚ Ýž²? →=?Ô¼¦ý˝ ³šÐ²?=→=?·Ýć ³³ˇ?
„ý¾ˇÞ˝ Žš½ˇ Ð=ž=½¹˚₣−¼³ˇ=ł Ýć ³³ˇK
NK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š= K
„ý¾ˇÞ˝ Žš½ˇ Ð=ž=Ý˝ ³½ˇ=ł Ýğ ³³ć ÞK
98
=Ej=QJNMF
ÍžÞĆýˇ ½ˇ
OK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=½ž=łÝć ³³ˇ =×−¼=š×Ц¼ýš˝ ½šK
PK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=xfl×− ¦¸ðKzK
„łł ¹ˇ ¾¸=³½žÞ=Ûמ¹š³˝ˇ =„ð×− ý׸²=˼Ğ˚ Ýž²
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=½ž=³šÝ˝Šˇ=ˇ×ş =½− =ý¸Þ¼ýˇ =šð×− ý׸²=ð¼Ğ˚ Ýž²=×− ¼=¦˚ Ýš½šK
?ÍžÞĆýˇ ½ˇ ?= →=?„ð×− ý׸=˼Ğ˚ Ýž²? →=?Ô¼¦ý˝ ³šÐ²?=→=?Ô¼¦ýK=ÊšýK=ÓÝž¹K?
x„×ÐÝ−ł˚ ²z
NK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?Ó¹− ³¦KLfl¾ˇ˝ ¹š³ž?K
OK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=½ž=³šÝ˝Šˇ =×− ¼=š × Ð¦¼ýš˝ ½šK
PK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=xÓ˝³ğ zK
Ò¼ýŁ− ¼Ý¸
≥
„ ˙ Þ=ž=³šÝ ˝ Š ˇ =× −¼=š×Ц¼ýš ˝ ½š=ŠšÞ=ך¹ÐÝ ˇ ý Ł˙ Þš½ ˇ Ð=³½ž=Ý ˝ ³½ ˇ =× −¼=šý¾ ˇ Þ ˝ Žš½ ˇ Ð=³½ −=
ُý ˇ=OI=š×ÐÝ ˚þ½š=?‚žýÐ −¼¹ łK=Ê ˚ýK?=³½ −= ُý ˇ=N=ð ˇÐI=³½ž=³¼Þ˚₣ šÐˇ I=šÐ³ˇł˙ł š½š=½−Þ=
ðğ ŠÐðş =¦˚ ýˇ ½− ²=łÐˇ =Þˇ =×¹− ³½š¦š˝ =ž=³šÝ˝ Ў K=·Ðˇ=ך¹Ð³³ş ½š¹š²=×Ýž¹−¾−¹˝ š²=
³₣ š½Ðð˙ =ýš=½− Þ=ðğ ŠÐðş =¦˚ ýˇ ½− ²I=š×Ðð− ÐÞğ Þ¸³½š=ýš=½− Þ=ס¹−₣ ˚ˇ =¼×ž¹š³Ðć ÞK
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99