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ˇ ¼¦šÞ½Ðð¸²=Š¸Ýğ³ž²=³¼ýýş ¹¾ğ ³ž²W
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Ò₣ š½Ðð˙ =ýš=fl ¼½ş =½− Þ=ÌŠž łş =ı¹¸³ž²
fl ¼½ ş²= − =ÌŠž łş ²= ı ¹¸³ž²=³ ₣šŠÐ ˙ ³½žðš=×¹ −³šð½Ðð ˙ =łÐ ˇ =Þ ˇ =³ ˇ ²=
Ł−ž¦¸³šÐ=Þˇ=łÞ ğ¹˝ ³š½š=½Ð²=Š¼Þˇ½ş½ž½š²=ðˇ Ð=½Ð²=ݚн−¼¹ł˝ š²=½−¼=
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³žýˇ Þ½Ðð˙ =ŠšŠ−ý˚ Þˇ =×− ¼=ך¹Ð˚₣−Þ½ ˇ Ð=³½ž=³¼³ðš¼¸=³ˇ ²K=Û׺=
− ¹Ð³ý˚Þš²=³¼Þ¦¸ðš²I=ý×− ¹š ˝ =Þ ˇ=₣ ˇ ¦ −ĆÞ=¸=Þˇ =½¹ −×− ×− О¦ −Ć Þ=
ŠšŠ−ý˚ Þˇ =³š=−×−Ðˇ Š¸×− ½š=žÝšð½¹− ÞÐð¸=³¼³ðš¼¸=
ˇ ×− ¦¸ðš¼³ž²K=·Ð ˇ=½−=Ýşł− = ˇ ¼½şI=ŠšÞ=ˇÞˇ ݡ ýŁ ˙ Þ− ¼ýš=ð ˇ ý˝ˇ =
š¼¦Ć Þž=łÐˇ =ˇ ×ć ÝšÐˇ =¸=ˇ₣ ¹¸³½š¼³ž=ŠšŠ−ý˚ Þğ ÞI=ğ ²=³¼Þ˚ ×šÐˇ=
š˝ ½š=ýž=×¹−Ł ݚ׺ ýšÞž²=₣ ¹¸³ž²I=š×г𚼸²I=ŁÝˇ Łć ÞI=
ˇ Þ½Ððˇ ½˙ ³½ˇ ³ž²=ýס ½ˇ ¹˝ˇ ²I=₣¹¸³ž²=ýš½˙=½ž=ݸþž=½ž²=
ðˇ ¦− ¹Ð³ý˚ Þž²=ŠÐ˙ ¹ðšÐˇ ²=Žğ ¸²=½ž²=ýס½ˇ¹˝ˇ²=š˝½š=
−× −Ðˇ ³Š¸× −½š= ˙ÝÝž²= ˇÐ½˝ˇ ²K
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‚šÞ= ˇÞ ˇ Ý ˇ ýŁ ˙ Þ−¼ýš=ð ˇ ý ˝ˇ =š¼¦ ĆÞžI= ˚ ýýš³ ˇ =¸= ˙ ýš³ ˇ I= łÐˇ =
−Ðð −Þ −ýÐð ˚²= ˇ× ćݚК²=¸=ŠÐšðŠÐ𸳚в=½¹˝½ğÞ= ˇ×ş=½ž=₣¹¸³ž=
ˇ¼½−Ć =½ −¼=×¹ −İşÞ½ −²=ð ˇÐ=½ ğÞ=ݚн −¼¹ łÐ ćÞ=½ −¼I= ş× ğ²=ðÝ −׸=
ˇ¹Ð¦ý ćÞ=×г½ ğ½Ðð ćÞ=ð ˇ¹½ ćÞI= ˇ×ć ݚРˇ=¸=½¹ −× −× − ˝ž³ž=
ˇ×− ¦žðš¼ý ˚Þğ Þ=ŠšŠ− ý ˚Þğ ÞI=ðÝ×K
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⁄ Ýš²=−Ð=š×ğ Þ¼ý ˝ š²=š½ˇ йšÐćÞ=ð ˇ ÐL¸=×¹−İş Þ½ ğÞ= ˇ ×− ½šÝ −Ć Þ=
šý×− ¹Ðð˙ =³¸ ý ˇ½ˇ =ð ˇ ÐL¸=ðˇ½ˇ ½š¦˚ Þ½ˇ=³¸ ýˇ½ˇ =½ğ Þ=ˇ Þ½˝ ³½−Ð₣ğ Þ=
ðˇ ½ş₣ğ ÞK
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ÌÐ= ˇ×šÐð −Þ˝³šÐ²=½ž²= − ¦ ş Þž²=šÞŠ ˚₣ š½ ˇÐ=Þ ˇ=ŠÐ ˇ¾ ˚ ¹− ¼Þ= ˇ ׺ =
ˇ¼½ ˚²=× −¼=× ˇ¹− ¼³Ð ˙Ž− Þ½ ˇÐ=³½Ð²= −Šž ł ˝š²= ₣¹¸³ž²K
ÌÐ=×Ýž¹ −¾ − ¹˝š²=× − ¼=ך¹Ð ł¹˙¾ − Þ½ ˇÐ=³š= ˇ¼½ ş =½ − Þ=ÌŠž łş =
ı¹¸³ž²=šÞŠ ˚₣š½ ˇÐ=Þ ˇ= ˇÝÝ ˙þ− ¼Þ=₣ğ ¹ ˝²=×¹ −šÐŠ −× − ˝ž³žK
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̹гý˚ Þš²=ˇ×ş=½Ð²=ݚн−¼¹ł˝š²=× −¼=ך¹Ðł¹˙ ¾−Þ½ˇÐ=³š=ˇ¼½ş=
½− Þ=ÌŠžłş =ı¹¸³ž²=šÞŠ˚₣š½ ˇÐ=Þˇ =ýž Þ =¼ ×− ³½ž¹˝Ž− Þ½ˇ Ð=ˇ×ş =şÝˇ =
½ˇ =Š˝ ð½¼ˇ K
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‚šÞ=ˇÞˇÝˇýŁ ˙Þ− ¼ýš=ðˇý˝ˇ =š¼¦Ć Þž=łÐˇ =ך¹Ðš₣ş ýšÞ−I=
×Ýž¹−¾−¹˝ š²I=ðÝ×K=×−¼=˚ ₣−¼Þ=Ýž¾¦š˝=ˇ× ş=½−=Š˝ð½¼ −K
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„˝ Þˇ Ð=×Цˇ Þş I=ך¹Ð³½ˇ ³Ðˇ ð˙ I=Þˇ =ס ¹− ¼³Ðˇ ³½−Ć Þ=³½žÞ=− ¦ş Þž=
ýš¹Ðð˙ =ýˇĆ¹ ˇ =¸=¾ğ ½šÐÞ˙ =é áñÉä ëK=Óˇ¹ˇðˇÝ−Ć ýšI=³žýšÐć ³½š=ş ½Ð=
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ˇ×ş Š− ³žK
ÓÞš¼ýˇ ½Ðð˙=ŠÐðˇÐć ýˇ½ˇ
ÒĆ ý¾ğ Þˇ =ýš=½žÞ=г₣Ć− ¼³ˇ =Þ− ý− ¦š³˝ˇ =ך¹˝ =×Þš¼ýˇ ½Ððć Þ=
ŠÐðˇÐğ ý˙½ğ ÞI=ž=ˇÞˇ×ˇ¹ˇłğł ¸I=½¹−×−×−˝ ž³ž=ðˇÐ=₣¹¸³ž=¼ÝÐð−Ć=
×− ¼=×¹− ³½ˇ ½šĆ š½ˇ Ð=ˇ ׺ =½ž=Þ− ý− ¦š³˝ˇ =ך¹˝ =×Þš¼ýˇ ½Ððć Þ=
ŠÐðˇÐğ ý˙½ğ Þ=Eý− ¼³Ðð¸I=¾ğ½−ł¹ˇ ¾˝ š²I=ðÝ×KF=š×н¹˚ ך½ˇ Ð=ýşÞ− Þ=
ł Ðˇ =×¹ − ³ğ ×Ðð¸=¸=ЊÐğ ½Ðð¸=₣ ¹¸³žK=„˙Þ= − =₣ ¹¸³½ž²=ŠšÞ=š˝Þˇ Ð=
ð˙ ½−₣− ²=šð½š½ˇ ý˚ Þğ Þ=×Þš¼ýˇ ½Ððć Þ=ŠÐðˇÐğ ý˙½ğ Þ=¸=Šš=ŠÐˇ¦˚ ½šÐ=
¹ž½¸=˚ł ð¹Ð³ž=ˇ×ş =½− Þ=ð˙½−₣− =½ğ Þ=×Þš¼ýˇ½ÐðćÞ=ŠÐð ˇÐğ ý˙½ğ Þ=
ł Ðˇ = ˇ Þ ˇ × ˇ ¹ ˇ łğł ¸I=½¹− ×− ×− ˝ž³ž=¸= ₣ ¹¸³ž=ˇÞ½Ðł¹˙ ¾ ğ Þ=× − ¼=
ŠžýÐ− ¼¹ł ¸¦žðˇ Þ=¸=½¹−×−×− и¦žðˇ Þ=ðˇ ½D=ˇ ¼½ş =½− Þ=½¹ş×− I=½ş ½š=
ž=ˇÞˇ×ˇ¹ˇłğł ¸I=½¹−×−×−˝ ž³ž=ðˇ Ð=₣ ¹¸³ž=½−¼=¼ÝÐð−Ć=¦šğ¹š˝½ˇÐ=
ş ½Ð=ˇÞ½Ð½˝ ¦š½ˇ Ð=³½ž=Þ − ý− ¦š³˝ˇ =ך¹ ˝=×Þš¼ýˇ ½Ðð ć Þ=ŠÐðˇÐ ğ ý˙ ½ ğ Þ=
ðˇ Ð=ס ¹˚₣ š½ˇ Ð=³½− Þ=ЊÐ− 𽸽ž=×Þš¼ýˇ ½Ððć Þ=ŠÐðˇÐğ ý˙½ğ Þ=½− =
ŠÐðˇ˝ğýˇ =˚łš¹³ž²=ˇ×ˇÐ½¸³šğ Þ=ˇ×− Žžý˝ğ ³ž²K=·Ðˇ =½− =Ýşł− =ˇ ¼½ş I=
³¼Þг½˙½ˇ Ð=ž=ˇ×− ¾¼ł ¸=ס¹˙Þ− ýž²=₣ ¹¸³ž²=½− ¼=¼ÝÐð−Ć =×− ¼=
×¹− ³½ˇ ½šĆ š½ˇ Ð=ˇ×ş =×Þš¼ýˇ ½Ðð˙ =ŠÐðˇÐć ýˇ½ˇK
Úˇ =tбеЗзпл=ˇ ×− ½šÝ−ĆÞ=³¸ýˇ =ðˇ½ˇ ½š¦˚ Ю=½ž²=jбЕкзлзСн=
`зкйзк~нбзе=³½Р²=ВУfl =ðˇ ÐL¸=³š=˙ ÝÝš²=₣ć ¹š²K
„гˇłğł ¸N
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ðğ ŠÐð− ×−˝ ž³ž=Ł˝ Þ½š− =³Ć ý¾ğ Þˇ =ýš=½− =jmbdJQ=sáÇÉç=pí~åÇ~êÇ=E?jmbdJQ=
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šр½ş ²=š˙ Þ=ˇ×ˇ нš˝½ˇ Ð=×¹ş ³¦š½ž=˙ ŠšÐˇ =ðˇ Ð=ðˇ½ˇŁ− ݸ=ŠÐðˇÐğ ý˙½ğ Þ=łÐˇ =½žÞ=
ðğ ŠÐð− ×−˝ ž³ž=³₣ š½Ðð˙ =ýš=E ˇ F=ŠšŠ− ý˚ Þˇ =ˇ ×− ¦žðš¼ý˚ Þˇ =¸=ˇ Þ½Ðł ¹ˇ ýý˚ Þˇ =³š=
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ŠšŠ−ý˚ Þˇ =½ˇ =−×−˝ˇ =ˇ ×− ½šÝ−Ć Þ=Ł− ¸¦šÐˇ =³š=ý˝ˇ =Ł˙ ³ž=½˝ ½Ý− =×¹− ²=½˝ ½Ý− =ðˇ Ð=
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Ú˚ ½− К²=×¹ş ³¦š½š²=˙ ŠšÐš²=ý×− ¹−Ć Þ=Þˇ =Š− ¦−Ć Þ=ˇ ׺ =½žÞ=jmbd=i^I=ii`K=
„×г𚾦š˝ ½š=½žÞ=г½− ³šÝ˝Šˇ =ЬннйWLLпппKгйЙЦд~KЕзг=łÐˇ =×¹ş ³¦š½š²=
×Ýž¹−¾−¹˝ š²K=
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ı¹¸³Ðýš²=Țн− ¼¹ł˝ š²=ðˇÐ=Ûמ¹š³˝š²
Ú −=½žÝ ˚ ¾ ğÞ −=³ ˇ ²=×¹ −³¾ ˚ ¹šÐ=½ ˇ =× ˇ¹ ˇ ð ˙ ½ğ= ₣ ˇ ¹ ˇ 𽞹г½Ðð ˙W
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ŁÝ˚ ך½š= −=˚ Þˇ ²=½ −Þ= ˙ÝÝ −=³½Ð²= −¦ şÞš²=³ ˇ²K
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÷ ł₣¹ ğý ˇ =× ˇ Ð ₣Þ ˝ ŠÐ ˇ =ð ˇ Ð = š¾ ˇ ¹ý −ł˚ ² = Pa=g~î~ ∑=ýš=š×н ˇ₣ ¼Þ½¸=
ł¹ˇ ¾Ðð ćÞK=Í× −¹š ˝½š= ˇð şýž=Þ ˇ=?ð ˇ½š Ł˙³š½š?=ŠÐ ˙¾ −¹ˇ =
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ðˇ Ð=Ł šÝ½Ðğ ý˚ Þž=×¹−Ł− ݸK
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×¹−³ˇ ¹ý−ł ¸=½− ¼=½žÝš¾ćÞ− ¼=³ˇ ²=ýš=×− ÝÝ−Ć ²=½¹ş ×− ¼²K
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гзДбдЙ=fенЙкеЙнK
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Ú− ¼²=×¹− ³ğ ×Ðð−Ć ²=³ˇ ²=¸₣− ¼²=ðˇ Р=обЗЙз=р− ¼Š− ¼Þ˝ ³ýˇ½− ²K=
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≥
Ê Ć¹ ˇ = ˇ ³ Ć¹ý ˇ ½ž²=³ ĆÞŠš³ž²=
_дмЙнззнЬГ= łÐ ˇ =½žÞ=š×Ðð −ÐÞ ğÞ ˝ˇ =
ðˇ Ð=½ž=ýš½ˇ ¾− ¹˙ =ŠšŠ− ý˚ Þğ Þ=ýš=ŠÐ˙ ¾− ¹š²=³¼³ðš¼˚ ²K=
Í×− ¹š˝ ½š=Þˇ =ýš½ˇ¾˚ ¹š½š=¾ğ½−ł¹ˇ ¾˝ š²I=¸₣− ¼²=ðˇР=обЗЙз=Едбйл=
³š=½žÝ˚¾ğ Þˇ =ýš=₣ˇ¹ˇ 𽞹г½Ðð˙ =l_buK
≥
ÊĆ ¹ˇ =¼×˚ ¹¼¦¹ğ Þ=ł Ðˇ =½žÞ=š×Ðð− ÐÞğ Þ˝ˇ =ŠšŠ− ý˚ Þğ ÞK=Í×− ¹š˝ ½š=
Þˇ =ýš½ˇ ¾˚ ¹š½š=¾ğ ½−ł ¹ˇ ¾˝ š²I=¸₣− ¼²=ðˇ Р=обЗЙз=Едбйл=³š=
½žЭ˚¾ğ Þˇ =ýš=₣ˇ¹ˇ 𽞹г½Ðð˙ =l_buK
≥
Țн− ¼¹ł˝ˇ =³¼ł₣ ¹− Þгý−Ć =ŠšŠ−ý˚ Þğ Þ=łÐˇ =½žÞ=šÞžý˚¹ğ ³ž=
½ğ Þ=ðˇ ½ˇ₣𠹸³šğ Þ=½ž²=È˝ ³½ˇ ²=„ס ¾ć Þ=ýš=½− =fенЙкеЙнK
≥
Țн − ¼¹ ł˝ˇ= ₣ ¹ − Þ − ŠÐ ˇł¹ ˙ ýý ˇ½− ²= ł Ð ˇ =½ž=ŠžýÐ − ¼¹ ł˝ˇ =ð ˇÐ=½žÞ=
ˇ×− ³½− ݸ=ð ˇ½ ˇ₣𹸳š ğÞ= ₣¹ −Þ −ŠÐ ˇł¹ ˙ýý ˇ½− ²=ýš=¹¼¦ý ˝³šÐ²=
šÐŠ −× − ˝ ž³ž²K
≥
Û×−Š−₣ ¸=ð˙ ¹½ˇ ²=ýÞ¸ýž²=ãáåápa∑ I=ž=−×−˝ˇ =š×šð½š˝ ÞšÐ=½Ð²=
Š¼Þˇ½ş ½ž½š²=³Ć ÞŠš³ž²=ýš=˚Þˇ Þ=¼×−Ý−ł г½¸I=
₣ ¹ž³Ðý− ×− Ðć Þ½ˇ²=½žÞ=ð˙ ¹½ˇ =ýÞ¸ýž²K
„гˇłğł ¸P
Óš¹Ðš₣ş ýšÞˇ
„гˇłğł ¸ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK N
Ú− =ÚžÝ˚ ¾ğ Þş =³ˇ ² KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK T
ÏšðÐÞć Þ½ˇ ² KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKU
Ú − × − ¦ ˚½ž³ž=½ž²=Ë ˙¹½ ˇ ²=pfj=ð ˇ Ð=½ž²=Í× ˇ ½ ˇ ¹ ˝ˇ ²KKKNN
fl¾ ˇ˝¹š³ž=½ž²=Ë ˙¹½ ˇ²=pfj=ð ˇÐ=½ž²=Íס½ ˇ¹ ˝ˇ² KKKKKKK NO
Ùş ¹½Ð³ž=½ž²=Íס½ˇ¹˝ˇ ² KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK NP
Ú− ×− ¦˚ ½ž³ž=½ž²=Ë˙¹½ˇ²=ÍÞ¸ýž² KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK NQ
fl ¾ˇ˝ ¹š³ž=½ž²=Ë˙ ¹½ˇ ²=ÍÞ¸ýž² KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKNQ
ÒĆ ÞŠš³ž=½ğ Þ=Ò½š¹š− ¾ğ ÞÐðć Þ=Ù− ¹ž½ć Þ=
fl ð− ¼³½Ðð ć Þ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK NR
„Þš¹ł− ×−˝ ž³ž=ðˇ Ð=fl ךޚ¹ł− ×−˝ ž³ž=½− ¼=
ڞݚ¾ćÞ− ¼³ˇ² KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK NR
ËÝš˝Šğ ýˇ =½− ¼=ÓÝžð½¹−Ý−ł˝ − ¼ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKNR
„ÞŠš˝ þšÐ²=−¦ş Þž²=EËĆ ¹Ðˇ =̦ş ÞžF KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK NS
„ÞŠš˝ þšÐ²=−¦ş Þž²=E„þ𠽚¹Ðð¸=̦ş ÞžF KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKNT
Țн− ¼¹ł˝ š²=ÓÝ−¸ł ž³ž² KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKNU
Țн− ¼¹ł˝ š²=Ùğ Þž½Ðð¸²=Ëݸ³ž²LËݸ³ž²=sáÇÉç KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK NV
Ó¹ˇłý ˇ½− ×− ˝ ž³ž=ý˝ˇ²=Ùğ Þž½Ðð¸²=Ëݸ³ž² KKKKKKKKKKKKKK NV
Úˇ₣ š˝ˇ =Ëݸ³ž KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKNV
„סÞ˙ ðÝž³ž KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKOM
fl ×˙ Þ½ž³ž=ý˝ˇ ²=ÙğÞž½Ðð¸²=Ëݸ³ž² KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKOM
ÍšÞ−Ć =Ëݸ³šğ Þ=EÙğ Þž½Ðð¸=ðݸ³žF KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKOM
Ó¹ˇłý ˇ½− ×− ˝ ž³ž=ý˝ˇ²=Ëݸ³ž²=sáÇÉç KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK OP
fl ×˙ Þ½ž³ž=³š=ý˝ˇ=Ëݸ³ž=sáÇÉç KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKOP
ÍšÞ−Ć =Ëݸ³šğ Þ=EËݸ³ž=sáÇÉçF KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK OQ
QÓ š ¹ Ð š₣şýšÞˇ
„гˇłğł ¸=ıˇ ¹ˇ 𽸹ğ Þ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK OS
flÝÝ ˇł¸=½ž²=·Ý ć³³ ˇ²=„г ˇłğł¸² KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK OT
flÝÝ ˇł¸=½ž²=Íš¦ şŠ −¼=„г ˇłğł¸² KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK OT
Ú− =ÈšþÐðş =ý− ¼ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK OT
ı ¹¸³ž=Ó¹−½Ć ×ğ Þ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK OU
ı¹¸³ž=½ −¼=ÍšÞ −Ć KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK OV
ËĆ ¹Ð− =ýšÞ−Ć KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK OV
ÓÝ¸ð½¹ˇ =Ò¼Þ½ş ýš¼³ž² KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK OV
È˝ ³½ˇ =„ס ¾ć Þ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK PM
flÝÝ ˇł¸=³šÐ¹ ˙²= −Þ −ý ˙½ğ Þ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK PM
flÝÝ ˇł¸=½ž²=È ˝³½ ˇ²=× −¼=„ý¾ ˇÞ ˝Žš½ˇÐ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK PM
„×ÐÝ−ł ¸=½ž²=ÍÞ¸ýž²=fl× − ¦¸ðš¼³ž² KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK PM
Úˇ þÐÞş ýž³ž=½ğ Þ=ˡ ½ˇ₣𠹸³šğÞ=È˝³½ˇ²=
„ס¾ć Þ= KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK PN
Ó¹− ³¦¸ðž=Î˚ˇ²=„ס ¾¸² KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK PN
Ó¹−Ł− ݸ=Èš×½− ýš¹šÐć Þ=³½Ð²=„ס¾˚²=ý− ¼ KKKKKKKKKKKKKK PN
fl Þ½Ðł¹ ˇ ¾¸=ˡ ½ˇ ₣𹸳šğ Þ=È ˝ ³½ˇ ²=„ס ¾ć Þ=ýš½ ˇþĆ =
Ë˙ ¹½ˇ ²=pfj= ðˇ Ð=Ò¼³ðš¼¸² KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK PN
„Ć ¹š³ž=ÌÞş ýˇ ½− ² KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK PO
Ëݸ³ž=ˇ×ş =½ž=È˝³½ˇ=„ס¾ć Þ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK PO
„ךþš¹łˇ³˝ˇ =ˡ½ˇ₣𠹸³šğ Þ=½ž²=È˝ ³½ˇ ²=
„ס¾ć Þ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK PO
fl ޽г½− ˝ ₣ž³ž=◊₣− ¼=Ë− ¼Š− ¼Þ ˝ ³ýˇ ½− ²=¸=sáÇÉç=`äáé=
Ë− ¼Š− ¼Þ˝ ³ýˇ ½− ²=³š=ð˙ ¦š=ˡ ½ˇ₣ć¹ž³ž KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK PP
‚Ðˇł¹ ˇ ¾¸=ˡ½ˇ₣𠹸³šğ Þ=½ž²=È˝ ³½ˇ ²=„ס¾ć Þ KKKKKK PP
‚Ðˇ₣š ˝ ¹Ð³ž=ˡ ½žł− ¹˝ˇ ² KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKPP
Ìý˙ Šš²=š×ˇ¾ć Þ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKPQ
ˡ ½˙ ³½ˇ ³ž=ÍÞ¸ýž² KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKPR
È˝ ³½ˇ =Úˇ₣ š˝ˇ ²=Ëݸ³ž² KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKPR
fl ×− ³½ − ݸ=ý ˝ˇ ²=ˡ ½ˇ ₣ć¹ž³ž²=È ˝ ³½ˇ ²=„ס¾ć Þ KKKKKKKKPR
ȸРž=ý˝ˇ ²=ˡ½ˇ₣ć ¹ž³ž²=È˝ ³½ˇ ²=„ס¾ć Þ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKPR
fl ×− ³½ − ݸ=ÍžÞ Ć ý ˇ ½− ²=Ù ğ Þž½Ðð −Ć = fl ×− ³× ˙ ³ýˇ ½− ²=¸=
ÍžÞĆýˇ ½− ²=sáÇÉç=`äáé=ı ¹ž³Ðý−×−Ðć Þ½ˇ ²=ý˝ˇ =
‚ÐšĆ ¦¼Þ³ž=ˇ×ş =½ž=È˝³½ˇ=„ס¾ć Þ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKPS
Ò¼ł₣ ¹− Þгýş ²=ˡ ½ˇ₣𠹸³šğ Þ=È˝ ³½ˇ²=„ס¾ć Þ=ýš=
ˇ ¼½˚ ²=×−¼=¼× ˙ ¹₣− ¼Þ=³½ − =fенЙкеЙн KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKPS
Ùğ ½−ł ¹ˇ ¾Ðð¸=Íž₣ˇ Þ¸ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKPT
ȸРž=Ùğ½−ł¹ˇ ¾Ðć Þ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKPT
„łł ¹ˇ ¾¸=sáÇÉç=`äáéë KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKPU
Ë− ÐÞ˚ ²=Țн− ¼¹ł˝ š²=ł Ðˇ =½ž=Țн−¼¹ł˝ˇ =
Ùğ ½−ł ¹ˇ ¾Ð𸲠͞₣ˇ Þ¸²=ðˇ Ð=½ž=Țн− ¼¹ł˝ˇ =
sáÇÉç KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKPU
Țн− ¼¹ł˝ š²=Ùğ½−ł¹ˇ ¾Ðð¸²=Íž₣ˇ Þ¸² KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKQM
Țн− ¼¹ł˝ š²=‡ÐÞ½š−ð˙ ýš¹ˇ ² KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKQO
ÍžÞĆýˇ ½ˇ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKQP
pjp KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKQP
jjp KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKQP
bã~áä KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKQP
‚žýÐ− ¼¹ł˝ˇ =Î˚− ¼=ÍžÞĆýˇ ½− ² KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKQQ
Ô¼¦ý˝ ³šÐ²=ÍžÞ¼ý˙½ğ Þ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKQV
sçÇ~ÑçåÉ=äáîÉ> KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKRP
Óš¹Ð¸ł ž³ž=³š=ý˝ˇ =ÒšÝ˝Šˇ =t^m KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKRQ
Í− ¼³Ðð¸ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKRS
flÞ ˇ× ˇ¹ ˇłğł¸=Í −¼³Ð𸲠KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKRS
Ú− =¼ÝÐðş =ý− ¼ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKRU
Ù ğ½ −ł¹ ˇ ¾ ˝ š² KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKRU
◊₣−Ð=C=Ë −¼Š −¼Þ ˝³ýˇ½ ˇ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKRV
sбЗЙзл KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKSM
¿ЭЭˇ =÷łł ¹ˇ ¾ˇ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKSN
Ë− ÐÞ˙ =ÍšÞ−Ć =„×ÐÝ−łć Þ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKSN
Óˇ Ð₣ Þ˝ ŠÐˇ =C=„¾ˇ ¹ý−ł ˚ ² KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKSP
Ó¹ş ½¼×ˇ =Ëš˝ ýšÞˇ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKSQ
ˡ ½˙ ³½ˇ ³ž=ÍÞ¸ýž² KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKSQ
‚Ðˇ ³ð˚Šˇ ³ž KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKSR
Óˇ Ð₣ Þ˝ ŠÐˇ =C=„¾ˇ ¹ý−ł ˚ ² KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKSR
Ô¼¦ý˝ ³šÐ² KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKST
qs=C=sáÇÉç KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKSV
fl½Ž ˚Þ½ ˇ=C=„¹ ł ˇÝš ˝ˇ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKTP
Âýš¹−ÝşłÐ− KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKTP
ϼ×Þž½¸¹Ðˇ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKTR
fl ¹Ð¦ý−ýž₣ ˇ Þ¸ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKTT
Â₣−ł ¹˙ ¾ž³ž=Ùğ Þ¸² KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKTT
bJ_ççâ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKTU
ı ¹− Þ ş ýš½¹ − KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKTV
„¹łˇ³˝ š² KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKTV
Óˇł ðş ³ýÐˇ =›¹ˇ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKUN
fl Þ½˝ ³½¹−¾ž=Í ˚ ½¹ž³ž KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKUN
Òžýš˝ğ ³ž=„þşŠğ Þ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKUO
‡− ¸¦šÐˇ =ڞݚ¾ć Þ− ¼ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKUO
Óš¹Ðš₣ş ýšÞˇ R
„¾ˇ ¹ý−ł˚ ²=pfj KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK UP
Ô¼¦ý˝ ³šÐ² KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK UQ
Ó¹−¾˝ Ý KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK UQ
ÔĆ ¦ýгž=½ž²=̦ş Þž² KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKUT
Ô¼¦ý˝ ³šÐ²=◊₣− ¼ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKVM
Âýš¹− ýžÞ˝ˇ =C=›¹ˇ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKVM
ÔĆ ¦ýгž=·Ýć ³³ˇ ² KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK VN
Ô¼¦ý˝ ³šÐ²=Ëݸ³šğ Þ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK VN
Ô¼¦ý˝ ³šÐ²=Ëݸ³šğ Þ=sáÇÉç KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKVS
fl ³¾˙ ÝšÐˇ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK VT
„×ˇÞˇ¾− ¹˙ =Ô¼¦ý˝ ³šğ Þ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKVU
fl¹₣ š ˝−=Ëݸ³š ğÞ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK VV
Íš½¹ž½˚ ²=Ëݸ³šğ Þ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK VV
Íš½¹ž½¸²=‚šŠ−ý˚ Þğ Þ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK VV
Ëş ³½− ²=Ëݸ³šğÞ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK NMM
Ò¼ÞŠš³Ðýş ½ž½ˇ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKNMN
_дмЙнззнЬ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKNMN
ЫЧ˚ ¹¼¦¹š² KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK NMP
Ô¼¦ý˝ ³šÐ²=‚Ðð½Ć− ¼ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKNMQ
Țн− ¼¹ł˝ˇ =³š=×½¸³ž KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK NMR
Ô¼¦ý˝ ³šР²=fенЙкеЙн KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKNMR
Л˙ ¹½ˇ =ÍÞ¸ýž² KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK NMS
ÒĆ ÞŠš³ž=½− ¼=TMPpe=ýš=½− Þ=Û×− Ý−ł г½¸=Òˇ ² KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKNMU
fl ס н¸³šÐ²=Ò¼³½¸ýˇ½− ² KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKNMU
Íş Þ½šý=PdLdpj KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK NMU
‚Ðˇ₣š ˝ ¹Ð³ž=ڞݚ¾ćÞ− ¼ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKNMV
„ł ðˇ ½˙ ³½ˇ ³ž=È−ł гýÐð−Ć KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKNMV
Òžýš˝ğ ³ž KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKNMV
fl Þ½Ðýš½ć×гž=Ó¹−Ł Ýžý˙½ğ Þ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK NNM
Û×− Šš˝ þšÐ²=fl ³¾ˇ Ýš˝ˇ ²=ðˇ Ð=⁄¹− Ð=ı ¹¸³ž² KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK NNO
ÌÔÌÁ=ı ФВТВТ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK NNO
У„ФБ‡fl ИИМО KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK NNR
УФМЩЫИfl Ï„ÁÒ=Òı „ÚÁËfl =Í„=ÚÂ=ı ÔÂÒÂ=Ò„=
Ìı ÂÍfl Úfl KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK NNR
p^o KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK NNR
УИВФМЩМФБ„Т=Тı „ÚÁËfl =Í„=ÚÂÎ=fl УМФФБˆВ=
„ПМУИБТНМЫ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK NNS
УФМЩЫИfl Ï„ÁÒ=·Áfl=ıÔÂÒÂ=ÒÚÁÒ=ÂÓfl KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK NNT
Úš₣ ÞÐð˙=ıˇ¹ˇ 𽞹г½Ðð˙ =ðˇ Ð=Ó¹−ˇ йš½Ðð˙=ˇ þš³−¼˙ ¹ KKKKK NNV
Úš₣ ÞÐð˙=ıˇ¹ˇ 𽞹г½Ðð˙ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK NNV
Ó¹−ˇ йš½Ðð˙=ˇ þš³−¼˙ ¹ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK NNV
„¼¹š½¸¹Ð− KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK NOM
È˝ ³½ˇ =½ğ Þ=Țн− ¼¹ł Ðć Þ=ÍšÞ−Ć KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK NOO
SÓ š ¹ Ð š₣şýšÞˇ
Ú−=ÚžÝ˚¾ ğÞş=³ˇ²
Óˇ ¹ˇ ðˇ Ý−Ć ýšI=šÝ˚ł þ½š=×¹− ³šð½Ðð˙=½ˇ =ס¹ˇð˙½ğ K=Ú− =×ݸ¹š²=
ס ð˚ ½− =ס ¹˙ Š− ³ž²=½− ¼=½žÝš¾ć Þ− ¼=³ˇ ²=×¹˚ ךÐ=Þˇ =ך¹Ð˚₣ šÐ=½ˇ =
šþ¸²W
≥
ÚžÝ ˚¾ğÞ −=Pd=ErjqpFLdpj=VMMLNUMMLNVMMLdmop
≥
Í× ˇ½ ˇ ¹ ˝ˇ =Á şÞ½ ğÞ=ÈЦ ˝−¼
≥
Ë˙ ݼýýˇ =Íס ½ˇ ¹˝ˇ ²
≥
Ù −¹½Ð³½¸=šÞ ˇ ÝÝ ˇ ³³ şýšÞ − ¼=¹š Ć ýˇ ½ − ²=E^`F
≥
Ò½š¹š −¾ ğ ÞÐð ˙ =Ù −¹ž½ ˙= fl ð−¼³½Ðð ˙
≥
ÌŠž łş²=ı ¹¸³ž²
≥
·¹¸ ł−¹ −²=ÌŠž łş²=÷Þ ˇ ¹þž²
≥
`aJolj
≥
Ë ˙ ¹½ ˇ =ýÞ¸ýž²=ãáåápa ∑
Ú− =ÚžÝ˚ ¾ğÞş=³ˇ²T
ÏšðÐÞć Þ½ˇ²
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UÏ š ð Ð ÞćÞ½ˇ²
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NK flð− ¼³½Ððş
OK ÓÝ¸ð½¹ˇ =ÓÝ−¸ł ž³ž²=EÓÝ¸ð½¹ˇ =‡˚Ý− ¼²FW
a=b=c=d
ÓÝ¸ð½¹ˇ=Ł ˚Ý− ¼²
„×˙Þğ LË˙½ğ W=
fl ¹Ð³½š¹ ş=×ݸ𽹠− =
Ł˚Ý −¼²W=
‚šþ˝ =×ݸð½¹−=Ł˚Ý − ¼²W= „ý¾ˇÞ˝ ŽšÐ=½− =ýžÞÐˇ˝−=¸=
PK ËšÞ½¹Ððş =×ݸð½¹− W„ ý ¾ˇÞ˝ŽšÐ=½−=ËĆ¹Ð−=ýšÞ−Ć=³½žÞ=
QK fl ¹Ð³½š¹ş =Óݸð½¹−=
„Ý˚ł₣− ¼W
A
RK Óݸð½¹−=fl ×− ³½− ݸ²L
„סÞ˙ ðÝž³ž²W
D
SK Óݸð½¹− =Ò¼Þ½şýš¼³ž²W
S
Íš½ˇ ðÐÞ−Ć Þ=½− =Š¹−ý˚ˇ =łÐˇ =½−=
ýˇ ¹ð˙ ¹Ð³ýˇ =šÞş ²=³½− Ð₣ š˝− ¼=½− ¼=
ýšÞ−Ć =ðÝ×K
„ý¾ˇÞ˝ ŽšÐ=½Ð²=ðˇ½ˇ₣𹸳šÐ²=½ž²=
È˝ ³½ˇ ²=„ס ¾ć Þ=³½žÞ=ðˇ ½˙ ³½ˇ ³ž=
ˇ Þˇ ý− Þ¸²K
„ý¾ˇÞ˝ ŽšÐ=½ˇ =šÐ³š¹₣şýšÞˇ=
ýžÞĆýˇ ½ˇ =³½žÞ=ðˇ ½˙ ³½ˇ³ž=
ˇ Þˇ ý− Þ¸²K
šŁ Š− ýˇ ŠÐˇ˝ − =žýš¹− Ýşł Ð− =³½žÞ=
ðˇ ½˙ ³½ˇ ³ž=ˇ Þˇ ý− Þ¸²K
ðˇ ½˙ ³½ˇ ³ž=ˇ Þˇ ý− Þ¸²=ðˇ Ð=šð½šÝš˝=
½Ð²=ݚн− ¼¹ł˝ š²K
„ð½šÝš˝ =½ž=ݚн− ¼¹ł˝ˇ =×− ¼=
šý¾ˇÞ˝ Žš½ˇ Ð=ð˙½ğ =ˇ ¹Ð³½š¹˙ =³½žÞ=
− ¦ş ÞžK
„ý¾ˇÞ˝ ŽšÐ=½− =ÍšÞ−Ć=ÍžÞ¼ý˙½ğ Þ=
³½žÞ=ðˇ½˙ ³½ˇ ³ž=ˇÞˇý− Þ¸²K
Ó¹ˇłý ˇ½− ×− К˝ =¸=ˇ×− Š˚₣ š½ˇ Ð=
ðݸ³šÐ²I=šý¾ˇÞ˝ ŽšÐ=½−=ˇ ¹₣š˝ −=
ðݸ³šğ Þ=³½žÞ=ðˇ½˙ ³½ˇ ³ž=
ˇÞ ˇý− Þ¸²K
flÞ− ˝łšÐ=½ −=ýšÞ −Ć=³¼Þ½ −ýš Ć³šğÞ=
ł Ðˇ =×¹ ş ³Ł ˇ³ž=³½Ð²=š¾ˇ¹ý−ł ˚ ²=×−¼=
š×Ц¼ýš˝ ½šK
TK Óݸð½¹− =½žÝš¾ğ Þž½¸WGÓÐ˚ ³½š=ðˇ Ð=ð¹ˇ ½¸³½š=×К³ý˚Þ− =ł Ðˇ=
UK Óݸð½¹− =×− Ýݡ ×Ýć Þ=
ˇ Ýݡ łćÞW
P
VK ÍÐð¹ş¾ğÞ−
NMK ‡− ž¦ž½Ðð¸=Ùğ½−ł¹ˇ ¾Ðð¸=Íž₣ˇ Þ¸=E„³ğ ½š¹Ðð¸=Ùğ½−ł¹ˇ¾Ðð¸=
Íž₣ˇ Þ¸F
NNK ËĆ ¹Ðˇ =̦ş Þž
NOK ‚šþ˝ =Óݸð½¹− =„Ý˚ł₣− ¼W
C
NPK Óݸð½¹− =Úš¹ýˇ ½Ð³ý−Ć =
ðˇ Ð=„Þš¹ł− ×−˝ ž³ž²L
fl ךޚ¹ł− × − ˝ ž³ž²W
F
NQK Óݸð½¹− =‚Ðˇł¹ ˇ ¾¸²L
„×г½¹− ¾¸²W
U
NRK Óݸð½¹− =ý− ¼³Ðð¸²W
E
NSK ÓÝžð½¹−ÝşłÐ−
Þˇ =³¼ÞŠš¦š˝ ½š=ýš=½− =Ë˚ Þ½¹− =
ڞݚ¾ğ Þž½¸=Ešþˇ ¹½˙½ˇ Ð=ˇ×ş =½žÞ=
ð˙ ¹½ˇ =pfjFK
„Þˇ ÝÝ˙ ³³šÐ=½− Þ=½Ć×− =½ğ Þ=
₣ ˇ¹ˇ 𽸹 ğ Þ=ýš½ˇþ Ć =½š³³˙¹ ğ Þ=
š×ÐÝ−łć ÞW=^ÄÅI=^_`I=NOP=ðˇ Ð=~ÄÅ=
³½žÞ=−¦ş Þž=šÐ³ˇłğł ¸²=ðšÐý˚Þ− ¼K
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=³½žÞ=ðˇ½˙³½ˇ ³ž=ˇÞˇý− Þ¸²=
ł Ðˇ =Þ ˇ =šÐ³ ˙ ł š½š=mI=\I=¥=¸=
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=ðˇ Ð=ð¹ˇ ½¸³½š=×К³ý˚Þ− =
³½žÞ=ðˇ½˙ ³½ˇ ³ž=ˇÞˇý− Þ¸²=ł Ðˇ =Þˇ=
ðÝšÐŠć ³š½š=½− =×Ýžð½¹−ÝşłÐ−K
„ð½šÝš˝ =½ž=ݚн− ¼¹ł˝ˇ=× − ¼=
šý¾ˇÞ˝ Žš½ˇ Ð=ð˙½ğ =ŠšþÐ˙ =³½žÞ=− ¦ş ÞžK
ı ¹ž³Ðý−×− К ˝ ½ˇ Ð=łÐ ˇ =×¹ş³Ł ˇ ³ž=³½ −=
?sçÇ~ÑçåÉ=äáîÉ>?=ˇÞ− ˝ł−Þ½ ˇ ²=½− Ю=
ДкзплЙк=³½žЮ=рˇ½˙ ³½ˇ ³ž=ˇÞˇý−Þ¸²K
Úš¹ýˇ½˝ ŽšÐ=ý˝ˇ =ðݸ³ž=ðˇ Ð=
šÞš¹ł− ×− К˝ Lˇ ךޚ¹ł− ×− К˝ =½− =
½žÝ˚¾ğ Þ− K
‚Ðˇł¹ ˙ ¾šÐ=½− ¼²=₣ˇ¹ˇ 𽸹š²=
ˇ ¹Ð³½š¹˙ =½−¼=Š¹− ý ˚ˇ I=š×г½¹˚¾šÐ=
³½žÞ=×¹−žł−Ć ýšÞž=−¦ş ÞžI=ðÝ×K
„ý¾ˇÞ˝ ŽšÐ=½− =ÍšÞ−Ć =Í− ¼³Ðð¸²=
³½žÞ=ðˇ½˙ ³½ˇ ³ž=ˇÞˇý− Þ¸²K
*
K
ÏšðÐÞć Þ½ˇ ²V
NTK Óݸð½¹− =@LÒÐğ מݺW R„ý¾ˇÞ˝ ŽšÐ=½žÞ=−¦ş Þž=³¼ýŁşÝğ Þ=
³½žÞ=−¦ş Þž=šÐ³ˇłğł ¸²=ðšÐý˚Þ− ¼K
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=ðˇ Ð=ð¹ˇ ½¸³½š=×К³ý˚Þ− =ł Ðˇ=
šÞˇ Ýݡł ¸=½ğ Þ=łÝğ ³³ć Þ=³½žÞ=
− ¦ş Þž=šÐ³ˇ łğł ¸²=ðšÐý˚Þ − ¼K
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=ðˇ Ð=ð¹ˇ ½¸³½š=×К³ý˚Þ− =
³½žÞ=ðˇ½˙ ³½ˇ ³ž=ˇÞˇý− Þ¸²=ł Ðˇ=
šÞˇ Ýݡł ¸=ýš½ˇþĆ =½ğ Þ=¹¼¦ý˝ ³šğ Þ=
½− ¼=Ó¹− ¾˝ Ý=×− ¼=šÞš¹ł− ×− и¦žðš=
×Ð− =×¹ş ³¾ˇ½ˇ =ðˇ Ð=½− ¼=Ó¹−¾˝ Ý=
ÒÐğ מݺK
NUK Ùğ½−ł¹ˇ ¾Ðð¸=Íž₣ˇ Þ¸=E„þ𠽚¹Ðð¸=Ùğ½−ł¹ˇ¾Ðð¸=Íž₣ ˇÞ¸F
NVK „Þ³ğýˇ ½ğý˚ Þž=Ëš¹ˇ˝ˇ WÓ¹−šÐŠ−×−˝ž³žW=ÍžÞ=ðˇÝ Ć×½š½š=
½− =š×˙ Þğ =ý˚ ¹− ²=½− ¼=½žÝš¾ć Þ− ¼=
ýš=½−=₣˚ ¹Ð=³ˇ ²=ş½ˇ Þ=½−=
₣ ¹ž³Ðý− ×− К˝½š= ł Ðˇ ½ ˝ =ý× − ¹š˝ =Þ ˇ=
š×ž¹š˙ ³šÐ=½žÞ=ˇ×ş Š− ³ž=½ž²=
šÞ³ğýˇ ½ğý˚ Þž²=ðš¹ˇ˝ˇ ²K
OMK Ë˙ ݼýýˇ =Íס½ˇ¹˝ˇ²
ONK ÍÐð¹¸=ȼ₣Þ˝ˇ W ı ¹ž³Ðý−×− К˝½ˇ Ð=łÐˇ =½žÞ=˚ÞŠšÐþž=
¾ş ¹½Ð³ž²=ýס ½ˇ ¹˝ˇ ²I=½− =Ùğ ²=
Ò¼ýŁ˙ Þ½− ²=ðˇ Ð=½− =Ùğ ²=
ˡ ½˙ ³½ˇ ³ž²K
OOK „þ𠽚¹Ðð¸=̦ş Þž
OPK Â₣š˝ −
OQK Ë˙ ݼýýˇ =Û×−Š−₣ ¸²=Ë˙ ¹½ˇ ²=ÍÞ¸ýž²
ORK Óݸð½¹− =Ùğ½−ł¹ˇ ¾Ðð¸²=
ýž₣ˇ Þ¸²W
Y
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=ðˇ Ð=ð¹ˇ ½¸³½š=×К³ý˚Þ− =ł Ðˇ=
Þˇ =šÞš¹ł− ×− и³š½š=½ž=
¾ğ ½−ł ¹ˇ ¾Ðð¸=ýž₣ˇ Þ¸K
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=ðˇ½˙ =½ž=ŠÐ˙ ¹ðšÐˇ =ý˝ˇ ²=
šÐŠ−×−˝ ž³ž²=šÐ³š¹₣ş ýšÞž²=
ðݸ³ž²=łÐˇ =Þˇ =ˇ ס Þ½¸³š½š=³½žÞ=
ðݸ³žK
OSK Û×−Š−₣ ¸=Ò½š¹š−¾ğ ÞÐðć Þ=Ù− ¹ž½ć Þ=flð− ¼³½ÐðćÞ
OTK ÓÝš¼¹Ðð˙ =×Ý¸ð½¹ˇ
VLW
FW
E
Íš½ˇ ðÐÞš˝ =½− =ýˇ ¹ðˇ ¹Ð³ý˚Þ−=
³½−Ð₣š˝ − =š×˙Þğ =¸=ð˙½ğ K
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=³½žÞ=ðˇ½˙ ³½ˇ ³ž=ˇÞˇý− Þ¸²=
¸=ðˇ½˙ =½ž=ŠÐ˙ ¹ðšÐˇ=ý˝ˇ ²=ðݸ³ž²=łÐˇ =
ˇ¼þ¸³š½š=¸=Þˇ=ýšÐ ć³š½š=½žÞ=
˚Þ½ ˇ³ž=½ −¼= ˇð− ¼³½Ðð−Ć K
OUK ÊĆ¹ˇ =Û×˚ ¹¼¦¹ğ ÞW Ò½˚ ÝÞšÐ=ðˇ Ð=ݡýŁ ˙ ÞšÐ=ŠšŠ−ý˚ Þˇ =
ý˚ ³ğ =¼×˚ ¹¼¦¹ğ ÞK
OVK „þ𠽚¹Ðð¸=Û×−Š−₣ ¸W ı ¹ž³Ðý−×− К˝½ˇ Ð=łÐˇ =½ž=³ĆÞŠš³ž=
½− ¼=¾− ¹½Ð³½¸=¸=½− ¼=ðˇÝğ Š˝− ¼=
ýš½ˇ¾− ¹˙ ²=ŠšŠ−ý˚ Þğ Þ=rp_K
NM ÏšðÐÞć Þ½ˇ²
Ú− ×− ¦˚ ½ž³ž=½ž²=Ë˙ ¹½ˇ ²=pfj=ðˇ Ð=½ž²=Íס½ˇ¹˝ˇ²
NK
ÒĆ ¹š½š=ðˇ Ð=ˇ¾ˇÐ¹˚³š½š=½− =ð˙ ݼýýˇ =½ž²=ýס½ˇ¹˝ˇ ²=E FK
1
2
OK
ÒĆ ¹š½š=½žÞ=¼×− Š−₣ ¸=½ž²=ð˙ ¹½ˇ ²=pfj=ł Ðˇ =Þˇ =þšðÝšÐŠć ³š½š=
EF K =flÞˇ³žðć³½š=ðˇ Ð=šÐ³˙łš½š=½žÞ=ð˙¹½ˇ =pfj=³½−=E FK=
Ò½ž=³¼Þ˚₣ šÐˇ I=³Ć¹š½š=×˙ÝÐ=½žÞ=¼× −Š−₣¸=½ž²=ð˙ ¹½ˇ ²=pfj=
×¹− ²=½ˇ =×˝³ğ=ł Ðˇ =Þˇ =ðÝšÐŠć ³š½š=E FK
Ë˙ ¹½ˇ =pfj
3
4
5
PK
˹ˇ ½¸³½š=½žÞ=ýס½ˇ¹˝ˇ=˚½³Ð=ć³½š=−Ð=ýš½ˇ ÝÝ Ðð˚²=š×ˇ¾˚ ²=½ž²=
ýס½ˇ¹˝ˇ ²=Þˇ=ð− н−Ć Þ=×¹− ²=½ˇ =ð˙½ğ I=³Ć ¹š½š=½− ¼²=− Šžł−Ć ²=
½− ¼=š×˙ Þğ =½ý¸ýˇ ½−²=½ž²=ýס½ˇ¹˝ˇ²=³½žÞ=¼× −Š−₣¸=
ýס½ˇ¹˝ˇ ²=E F=ðˇÐ=³½ž=³¼Þ˚₣šÐˇ=šÐ³˙ łš½š=½žÞ=ýס½ˇ¹˝ˇ=
EF K
7
7
6
QK
Ú− ×− ¦š½¸³½š=×˙ ÝÐ=½− =ð˙ ݼýýˇ =½ž²=ýס ½ˇ ¹˝ˇ²K
Òžýš˝ğ ³ž
≥
‡šŁˇÐ 𠦚˝ ½š=ş½Ð=₣¹ž³Ðý−×−К˝½š=ý şÞ−Þ=ð˙¹½š²=pfj=½ğ Þ=PsK
≥
‡šŁˇÐ 𠦚˝ ½š=ş½Ð=₣¹ž³Ðý−×−К˝½š=½žÞ=ýס½ˇ¹˝ˇ=× −¼=
ך¹ÐݡýŁ ˙ Þš½ˇÐ=³½−=Ł ˇ³Ððş=šþ−×Ýгýş=EukJN_qTMFK
ÏšðÐÞ ć Þ½ ˇ²N N
fl¾ ˇ˝¹š³ž=½ž²=Ë ˙¹½ ˇ²=pfj=ð ˇÐ=½ž²=Íס½ ˇ¹ ˝ˇ²
NK
‡šŁˇÐ 𠦚˝ ½š=ş½Ð=½−=½žÝ˚¾ ğÞ−=š˝ÞˇÐ= šÞš¹ł− ×− Оý˚ Þ− =ðˇ Ð=ş½Ð=
− =¾− ¹½Ð³½¸²=ðˇ Ð=½ ˇ=˙ ÝÝ ˇ=ˇ þš³−¼˙¹=˚ ₣−¼Þ= ˇ ×− ³¼ÞŠš¦š ˝ K=
ÒĆ ¹š½š=ðˇ Ð=ˇ ¾ˇ й˚ ³š½š=½− =ð˙ ݼýýˇ =½ž²=ýס½ˇ¹˝ˇ²K
OK
fl Þˇ ³žðć³½š=½žÞ=ýס½ˇ ¹ ˝ˇ = ˇ×ş =½žÞ =× ¹ − šþ −₣ ¸=ð ˇ Ð= ˇ¾ˇ й˚ ³½š=
½žÞ=ˇ×ş =½− =½žÝ˚¾ğÞ− K
PK
ÒĆ ¹š½š=½žÞ=¼×−Š−₣ ¸=½ž²=ð˙ ¹½ˇ ²=pfj=łÐˇ =Þˇ =þšðÝšÐŠć ³š½š=
EF K =flÞˇ³žðć³½š=ð ˇÐ=ˇ¾ˇÐ¹˚ ³½š=½žÞ= ð˙¹½ˇ=pfj=E FK=Ò½ž=
³¼Þ˚₣ šÐˇ I=³Ć¹š½š=×˙ ÝÐ=½žÞ=¼×−Š−₣ ¸=½ž²=ð˙ ¹½ˇ²=pfj=×¹− ²= ½ˇ=
×˝ ³ğ =ł Ðˇ=Þˇ =ðÝšÐŠć³š½š=E FK=
1
2
3
fl׺ ¹¹ÐĞ ž=½ž²=Íס½ ˇ¹ ˝ˇ²
Â=³¼³ðš¼¸=½¹−¾−Š− ½š˝½ˇ Ð=ˇ×ş =½žÞ=ýס½ˇ¹˝ˇ K=Óˇ¹ˇðˇÝ−ĆýšI=
ŠÐˇŁ ˙ ³½š=½ˇ =ס¹ˇð˙½ğ =³½− Ð₣ š˝ˇ =×− ¼=ˇ¾− ¹ −Ć Þ=³½žÞ=ˇ×ş ¹¹ÐĞ ž=
½ž²=ýס½ˇ¹˝ˇ ²=×¹− ðšÐý˚Þ− ¼=Þˇ =×¹− ³½ˇ½˚Ğ š½š=½− =ך¹ÐŁ˙ ÝÝ− ÞW
≥
Óˇ ¹ˇ Šć ³½š=ł Ðˇ =ˇ Þˇ ðĆ ðÝğ ³ž=½ž=ýš½ˇ₣ šÐ¹Ð³ý˚ Þž=ýס½ˇ¹˝ˇ=
³½− =ð˚ Þ½¹−=ˇ ×−ð− ýЊ¸²=ˇ×− ¹¹Ðýý˙½ğ Þ=½ž²=ך¹Ð−₣ ¸²=³ˇ ²I=
³½− =ðˇ½˙ ³½žýˇ=ˇł− ¹˙ ²=¸=³½− =ð˚ Þ½¹− =šþ¼×ž¹˚ ½ž³ž²=
ךݡ½ć ÞK
≥
ÍžÞ=šð¦˚ ½š½š=½žÞ=ýס½ˇ¹˝ˇ =³š=ˇÞ− Ðð½˚ ²=¾Ýşł š²I=ýžÞ=½žÞ=
ך½˙ ½š=ý˚³ˇ =³š=Þš¹ş =ðˇ Ð=ýžÞ=½žÞ=ˇ×− ¹¹˝ ×½š½š=³½ˇ =ð− ÐÞ˙=
− ÐðÐˇð˙ =ˇ × − ¹¹˝ýýˇ ½ˇ K
NO ÏšðÐÞć Þ½ˇ²
Ùş ¹½Ð³ž=½ž²=Íס ½ˇ ¹˝ˇ ²
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NK
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NK
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OK
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fl ס нš˝ ½ˇ Ð=¾ş¹½Ð³ž=½ž²=ý × ˇ ½ˇ ¹˝ˇ ²
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Ú− ×− ¦˚ ½ž³ž=½ž²=Ë˙ ¹½ˇ ²=ÍÞ¸ýž²
NK
fl ךޚ¹ł− × −и³½š=½− =½žÝ˚¾ğ Þ − K
OK
fl Þ− ˝ þ½š= ½−=ð˙ ݼýý ˇ =¼× −Š−₣ ¸²=ð˙ ¹½ ˇ ²=ýÞ¸ýž²=ð ˇ Ð=
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PK
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W„ý¾ˇÞ˝Žš½ˇÐ=ş½ ˇÞ=˚₣šÐ=½−×−¦š½ž¦š ˝=ž=ð˙¹½ˇK
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W„ý¾ˇÞ˝Žš½ˇÐ=ş½ ˇÞ=ž=ð˙¹½ˇ=ŠÐˇý− ¹¾ć Þš½ˇÐK
fl ¾ˇ˝ ¹š³ž=½ž²=Ë˙ ¹½ˇ ²=ÍÞ¸ýž²
NK
fl Þ− ˝ þ½š=½−=ð˙ ݼýý ˇ =½ž²=¼× −Š−₣ ¸²=½ž²=ð ˙ ¹½ ˇ ²=ýÞ¸ýž²=ð ˇ Ð=
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fl ¾ˇ й˚ ³½š=½žÞ=ð˙ ¹½ ˇ =ð ˇÐ=ðÝš˝ ³½š=½−=ð˙ݼýýˇ K
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¸=ş½ˇ Þ=šłł ¹˙ ¾− Þ½ˇ Ð=³D=ˇ ¼½¸=ŠšŠ−ý˚Þˇ K
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ÒĆ ÞŠš³ž=½ğ Þ=Ò½š¹š−¾ğ ÞÐðć Þ= Ù−¹ž½ć Þ=flð−¼³½ÐðćÞ
NK
fl Þ− ˝ þ½š=ðˇ Ð=ך¹Ð³½¹˚нš=½− =ð ˙ ݼ ýý ˇ=½ž²=¼×−Š−₣¸²=
³Ć ÞŠš³ž²=ýг¸=³½¹− ¾¸K
OK
Ò¼ÞŠ˚ ³½š=½ˇ=Ò½š¹š−¾ğ ÞÐð˙ =Ù−¹ž½˙=flð− ¼³½Ðð˙K
„Þš¹ł− ×−˝ ž³ž=ðˇ Ð=fl ךޚ¹ł− ×−˝ž³ž=½− ¼=
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NK
„г˙ł š½š=½− Þ=ðğ ŠÐðş =ÔÁÎK
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OK
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NK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?fl׺ =pfj=³š=Ò¼³ðš¼¸?K
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NK
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fl¹Ð³½š¹ ş=×ݸ𽹠−=
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šýŁ˚ ÝšÐˇ ²=½− ¼=ŠÐð½Ć− ¼
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W dpjLdmop
WÓš¹Ðˇłğł¸=šð½ş²=½−¼=ŠÐð½Ć−¼
‚šþ˝ =×ݸð½¹−=
šÝ˚ł₣− ¼
OK W ÷ð½ş ²=ŠÐð½Ć− ¼
PK W fl Þ½ˇ Ýݡł ¸=ŠšŠ−ý˚ Þğ Þ=ýš=šþ𠽚¹Ðð¸=³¼³ðš¼¸
QK L W ÒĆ ÞŠš³ž=ýš=½− =ŠÐˇð− ýг½¸=x×¹ˇłý ˇ½− ×− и¦žðšL
RK L W Ëݸ³ž=Ùğ Þ¸²=xšÐ³š¹₣ş ýšÞžL³š=šþ˚ ÝÐþžz
SK L L W Țн− ¼¹ł˝ˇ =š×Ðð− ÐÞğÞ˝ˇ ²=ðݸ³ž²=sáÇÉç=
TK L W „Њ−×− и³šÐ²=xł¹ˇ ×½ş =ý¸Þ¼ýˇ=ðˇÐ=ý¸Þ¼ýˇ=
UK W ÌÐ=šð½¹−×˚ ²=?Ùğ Þž½K=Ëݸ³šÐ²?=˚₣− ¼Þ=− ¹Ð³½š˝=
VK L L W fl ¼½şýˇ ½š²=šÐŠ−×− и³šÐ²=t^mLlq^=xšÐŠ−×−˝ ž³ž=
NMK W Ë˙ ¹½ˇ =ýÞ¸ýž²=½−×−¦š½¸¦žðš
N N K LLLLW
NOK L W „¾ˇ ¹ý−ł ¸=g~î~∑ =xšð½šÝš˝½ˇ Ð=E˚ł₣ ¹ğ ý− FL³š=
NPK W „ý¾ˇÞ˝ Žš½ˇ Ð=ý˝ˇ =ˇ ³¾ˇ ݸ²=³šÝ˝Šˇ =t^m
š×Ðð− ÐÞğ Þš˝z
šÞš¹ł− ×− Оý˚ Þž=x¾ğ Þ¸=ðˇ Р=обЗЙзL¾ğ Ю¸LобЗЙзz
×− ݼý˚ ³ğ ÞLbã~áäz
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t^mLˇ ¼½şýˇ ½ž=šÐŠ−×−˝ ž³ž=lq^Lˇ ¼½şýˇ ½š²=
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NS ÏšðÐÞć Þ½ˇ²
N Q K LLLLW
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˚ Þ½ˇ ³ž²LŠşÞž³ž=šÞš¹ł− ×− Оý ˚ ÞžL³Ðğמݺ =ð ˇ Ð=
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OPK W ËÝš˝Šğ ýˇ =×Ýžð½¹−Ý−ł˝ − ¼=šÞš¹łş
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PK W flÞˇ×˙ Þ½ž½ž=ðݸ³ž
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SK W Ëݸ³ž=³š=šþ˚ ÝÐþž
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NK
„г˙ł š½š=½− Þ=ðğ ŠÐðş =ך¹Ð−₣ ¸²=ðˇÐ=½− Þ=ˇ ¹Ð¦ýş=½žÝš¾ćÞ− ¼=
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NK
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NK
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„г˙ł š½š=½− Þ=ðğ ŠÐðş=₣ć¹ˇ ²I=ˇð− Ý− ¼¦−Ć ýšÞ −=ˇ ׺ =½− Þ=
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fl ׺ ¹¹Ð Ğ ž=ýÐ ˇ ²=„гš¹ ₣ş ýšÞž²=Ëݸ³ž²
NK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=F=ş ½ˇ Þ=½− =½žÝ˚¾ğ Þ− =ð−¼Š− ¼Þ˝ ŽšÐ=łÐˇ =Þˇ=
ˇ×− ¹¹ ˝Ğš½š=ý ˝ˇ=ðݸ³ž=½žÞ=−×−˝ˇ =ŠšÞ=¦˚Ýš½š=Þˇ=
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NK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=xflס³₣ Kz=šÞć =½− =½žÝ ˚¾ğ Þ− =ð− ¼Š− ¼Þ˝ ŽšÐ=łÐˇ =Þˇ =
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ÍšÞ−Ć =Ëݸ³šğ Þ=EÙğ Þž½Ðð¸=ðݸ³žF
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ÔĆ ¦ýгž=½ž²=÷Þ½ˇ ³ž²=½− ¼=flð−¼³½Ðð−Ć
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NK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=V=¸=W=ł Ðˇ =Þˇ =š ý¾ˇÞ˝³š½š=½ žÞ=−¦ş Þž=÷ Þ½ˇ³ž²=
fl ð− ¼³½Ðð −Ć K
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ÓÐ˚ ³½š=V=E¸=aLdF=łÐˇ =Þˇ =ˇ¼þ¸³š½š=½žÞ=˚Þ½ˇ³ž=½ž²=ðݸ³ž²=
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ÓÐ˚ ³½š= =š˙ Þ=ž=˚ Þ½ˇ ³ž=˚₣ šÐ=¹¼¦ýг½š˝ =³½− =š×˝ ךŠ− =×− ¼=
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OM Țн− ¼¹ł˝š²=Ù ğÞž½Ðð¸²=Ëݸ³ž²LËݸ³ž²=sáÇÉç
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ð˙ ݼýýˇ =ך¹ÐŁ ݸýˇ½− ²=½− ¼=½žÝš¾ć Þ− ¼=ş ½ˇ Þ=ˇ ¼½ş =š˝ ÞˇÐ=
ˇ Þ− Ðð½ ş K
NK
ˡ ½˙ =½ž=Š Ð˙¹ðšÐˇ =ý˝ˇ ²=ðݸ³ž²=×Ð˚³½š=x„×ÐÝKz=ðˇ Ð=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=
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NK
ˡ ½˙ =½ž=Š Ð˙¹ðšÐˇ =ý˝ˇ ²=ðݸ³ž²I=×Ð ˚³½š=x„×ÐÝKz=ðˇ Ð=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=
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Â=½¹˚₣− ¼³ˇ =ðݸ³ž=½˝ ¦š½ˇ Ð=³š=ˇÞˇý− Þ¸K
OK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=x„×ÐÝKz=ðˇ Ð=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?Ëݸ³ž=Î˚− ¼=fl ¹Ð¦K?K
PK
„г˙ł š½š=½− Þ=ˇ ¹Ð¦ýş =½žÝš¾ćÞ− ¼=×− ¼=¦˚ Ýš½š=Þˇ =ðˇÝ˚³š½š=
½ˇ ¼½ş₣ ¹− Þˇ =ðˇ ÐI=³½ž=³¼Þ˚₣ šÐˇ I=×Ð˚ ³½š=
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Ó¹ş³Łˇ ³ž=½− ¼=ýšÞ−Ć =pjpLjjp=ðˇ½˙ =½ž=ŠÐ˙ ¹ðšÐˇ =ý˝ˇ ²=ðݸ³ž²
NK
ˡ ½˙ =½ž=Š Ð˙¹ðšÐˇ =ý˝ˇ ²=ðݸ³ž²I=×Ð ˚³½š=x„×ÐÝKz=ðˇ Ð=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=
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D
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Û×˙¹₣− ¼Þ=− Ð=ס¹ˇð˙½ğ =š×ÐÝ−ł ˚ ²W=?‚žýÐ− ¼¹ł˝ˇ=jžÞ Ć ý?=łÐˇ =
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?„гš¹₣ş ýšÞˇ ?I=?Ò½ˇ Ýý˚Þˇ ?I=¸=?Ó¹ş₣ šÐ¹ˇ ?=łÐˇ =×¹ş³Łˇ ³ž=
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flÞ ˇý− Þ¸ =Ëݸ³šğÞ
fl ¼½¸=ž=¼×ž¹š³˝ˇ =³˙ ²=šÐŠ−×− К ˝ =ł Ð ˇ =ý˝ˇ =Šš Ć½š¹ž=šÐ³š¹₣ş ýšÞž=
ðݸ³ž=šÞć=˚ ₣ š½š=¸Šž=ý˝ˇ =ðݸ³ž=³š=šþ˚ ÝÐþžK
NK
ˡ ½˙ =½ž=ŠÐ˙ ¹ðšÐˇ =ý˝ˇ ²=ðݸ³ž²=×Ð˚³½š=x„×ÐÝKz=ðˇ Ð=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=
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Â=×¹ ć ½ž=ðݸ³ž=½ ˝¦š½ ˇÐ=³š= ˇÞ ˇ ý− Þ¸=ð ˇ Ð=ý× − ¹š ˝½š=½ ć¹ˇ=Þ ˇ=
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Ëݸ³ž=Ò¼ÞŠÐ˙³ðšĞ ž²
Â=Ëݸ³ž=³¼ÞŠÐ˙ ³ðšĞ ž²=š˝Þˇ Ð=ý˝ˇ =ðݸ³ž=ýš=ך¹Ð³³ş ½š¹− ¼²=ˇ×ş =
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Țн− ¼¹ł˝ š²=Ùğ Þž½Ðð¸²=Ëݸ³ž²LËݸ³ž²=sáÇÉç ON
Ó¹ˇłý ˇ½−×−˝ ž³ž=ý˝ˇ ²=Ëݸ³ž²=Ò¼ÞŠÐ˙ ³ðšĞ ž²
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ˇÞ ˇý− Þ¸K
NK
ˡ ½˙ =½ž=ŠÐ˙ ¹ðšÐˇ =ý˝ˇ ²=ðݸ³ž²I=×Ð˚ ³½š=x„×ÐÝKz=ðˇ Ð=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=
?Ó− ÝÝ−˝ =³¼Þ− ýÐÝK?K
OK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?Ò¼ÞŠÐ˙ ³ðK=⁄Ý− Ð?=łÐˇ =Þˇ =³¼ýýš½˙ ³₣š½š=³½žÞ=ðݸ³ž=
³¼ÞŠÐ˙ ³ðšĞ ž²K
PK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=F=ł Ðˇ =Þˇ =½š ¹ ýˇ½˝³š½š=½žÞ=ðݸ³ž=³¼ÞŠÐ˙ ³ðšĞ ž²K
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NK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=x„×ÐÝKz=ðˇ Ð=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?Ëݸ ³ž=Î˚− ¼=fl ¹Ð¦K?K
OK
„г˙ł š½š= ½−Þ=ˇ ¹Ð¦ýş =½žÝš¾ćÞ− ¼=×− ¼=¦˚ Ýš½š=Þˇ =³¼ýך¹ÐÝ˙Ł š½š=
³½žÞ=ðݸ³ž=³¼ÞŠÐ˙ ³ðšĞ ž²=ðˇ Ð=×Ð˚ ³½š=
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ÓÐ˚ ³½š=x„×ÐÝKz=ðˇ Ð=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?Ó− ÝÝ−˝=³¼Þ− ýÐÝK?K
QK
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Úš¹ýˇ ½Ð³ýş ²=½ž²=Ëݸ³ž²=ýš=˚Þˇ =Ò¼ýýš½˚₣−Þ½ ˇ =³½žÞ=Ëݸ³ž=
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NK
ˡ ½˙ =½ž=Š Ð˙ ¹ðšÐˇ =ý˝ˇ ²=ðݸ³ž² =³¼ÞŠÐ˙³ðšĞ ž²I=ýˇ ¹ð˙¹š½š=½−=
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OK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=x„×ÐÝKz=ðˇ Ð=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?Úš¹ýˇ½K=Ëݸ³ž²?K
Ó¹ˇłý ˇ½−×−˝ ž³ž=ÁŠÐğ½Ðð¸²=Ò¼Þ− ýÐÝ˝ˇ =ýš=÷ÞˇÞ=ˇ×ş =½− ¼²=
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³¼ýýš½˚₣−Þ½š²=³š= ˇÞˇý− Þ¸K
NK
ˡ ½˙ =½ž=ŠÐ˙¹ðšÐˇ=ý˝ˇ²=ðݸ³ž ²=³¼ÞŠÐ˙ ³ðšĞ ž²=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=½−=
˙ ½− ý − =ý š=½ −=− ×− ˝ − =¦˚Ýš½š=Þˇ =³¼Þ−ýÐݸ³š½šK
OK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=x„×ÐÝKz=ðˇ Ð=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?Ó−ÝÝ−˝ =³¼Þ− ýÐÝK?K
PK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?ÁŠÐğ ½Ðð¸?K
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RK
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NK
ˡ ½˙ =½ž=ŠÐ˙¹ðšÐˇ=ý˝ˇ²=ðݸ³ž ²=×Ð˚ ³½š=xÒÐğ מݺ zK
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³¸ýˇ =Ý¸Ğ ž²K
≥
„Þš¹ł− ×− и³½š=½− =ž₣š˝ − =¸=₣ ¹ž³Ðý−×− и³½š=˚Þˇ =Òš½=
Ò½š¹š−¾ğ ÞÐðćÞ=Ù−¹ž½ćÞ=flð− ¼³½Ððć Þ=×− ¼=ŠÐˇ¦˚ ½šÐ=ŠÐˇ ðş ×½ž=
¸=˚Þˇ =ðÐ ½=¾− ¹ž½ć Þ=ˇ ð− ¼³½Ððć Þ=łÐˇ =Þˇ =ý×−¹š˝½š=Þˇ=ýÐ Ý ˙½š=šÞ ć=
ð− н˙ ½š=³½žÞ=−¦şЮž=½ž²=рЭ¸³ž²=обЗЙз=½ž²=рĆ¹Ðˇ²= −¦şÞž²K
O
P
N
„ÞŠš˝ þšÐ²=ˡ½˙ ³½ˇ ³ž²
NK ‡− ž¦ž½Ðð¸=−¦ş Þž=łÐˇ=½žÞ=šÐðşÞ ˇ=³ˇ²
OK ı¹ş Þ− ²=×− ¼=˚₣ šÐ=ס¹˚ ݦšÐ
PK ËĆ ¹Ðˇ=− ¦ş Þž=ł Ðˇ =½žÞ=−¦ş Þž=½− ¼=³¼Þ− ýÐÝ−Ć Þ½ˇ
QK ⁄Þ− ýˇ =ðˇÝ−Ć ýšÞ− ¼=¸=ˇ ¹Ð¦ýş ²=½žÝš¾ćÞ−¼
Q
Ó¹ˇłý ˇ½−×−˝ ž³ž=ý˝ˇ ²=Ëݸ³ž²=sáÇÉç
NK
„г˙ł š½š=½− Þ=ðğ ŠÐðş =ך¹Ð−₣¸²=ðˇ Ð=½− Þ=½žÝš¾ğ ÞÐðş=ˇ ¹Ð¦ýş=
×− ¼=¦˚ Ýš½š=Þˇ =ðˇÝ˚ ³š½šK=
OK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=x„×ÐÝKz=ðˇ Ð=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?Ëݸ³ž=sáÇÉç?=¸=×Ð˚ ³½š=ðˇ Ð=
ð¹ˇ ½¸³½š=×К³ý˚ Þç=½−=
„˙ Þ=×Ýžð½¹− Ý−ł ¸³š½š=ݡ Þ¦ˇ ³ý˚Þ− =ˇ ¹Ð¦ýş I=×Ð˚ ³½š=U=ł Ðˇ =
Þˇ =ŠÐˇł ¹˙Ğ š½š=½− Þ=ˇ ¹Ð¦ýş =ˇ ¹Ð³½š¹˙ =ˇ ׺ =½− =Š¹− ý˚ˇ K
⁄ ½ˇ Þ=ł ˝ ÞšÐ=ž=³ĆÞŠš³ž=½ž²=ł¹ˇ ýý¸²I=ž=šÐð şÞˇ =½ − ¼=
ðˇ Ý−Ć ýšÞ− ¼=³¼ÞŠ¹− ýž½¸=šý¾ˇÞ˝ Žš½ˇ Ð=³½− =š× ˙Þğ =ý˚¹− ²=½ž²=
− ¦ş Þž²=ðˇÐ=ž=ŠÐð¸=³ˇ ²=³½žÞ=ð ˙½ğ = ˇ ¹Ð³½š¹¸=×Ýš¼¹ ˙K
Ò¼ýŁ−¼Ý¸
≥
„˙ Þ=−=ðˇÝ−ĆýšÞ− ²=³¼ÞŠ¹− ýž½¸²=ŠšÞ=˚₣šÐ=šÞš¹ł− ×− и³šÐ=³½−=
½žÝ˚¾ğ Þş =½− ¼=½ž=ݚн−¼¹ł˝ˇ=рЭ¸³ž²=обЗЙзI=эЧ− ¹š˝ ½š=Þˇ=
×Ð˚ ³š½š=½−=
ł Ðˇ =Þ ˇ =×¹ ˇ ł ýˇ ½ − ×− и³š½š=ý ˝ˇ =¾ ğ Þž½Ðð¸=ðݸ³žK
≥
⁄ ½ˇ Þ=½š¹ýˇ ½Ð³½š˝ =ž=ðݸ³ž=šý¾ˇ Þ˝ Žš½ ˇ Ð=½ − =ð ş ³½ − ²=½ž²=
½šÝš¼½ˇ˝ˇ ²=ðݸ³ž²K
F
=ðˇ Ð=Þˇ =šÐ³˙ł š½š=×˙ ÝÐ=½− Þ=ˇ ¹Ð¦ýş =½žÝš¾ćÞ−¼=
D
= ł Ð ˇ=Þ ˇ=ð ˇÝ ˚ ³š½šK
fl× ˙Þ½ž³ž=³š=ý ˝ˇ=Ëݸ³ž=sáÇÉç
Íş Ýв=ˇ ÞÐ₣ ÞšĆ ³šÐ=ý˝ˇ =šÐ³š¹₣ş ýšÞž=ðݸ³žI=½− =½žÝ˚ ¾ğ Þ− =ð− ¼Š− ¼Þ˝ ŽšÐK
NK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=D=ł Ðˇ=Юˇ=ˇЧˇЮ½¸ ³š½š=³½žЮ=рЭ¸³ž=эš=обЗЙз= ¸=ЧР˚ ³½š=
x„×ÐÝKz=ðˇ Ð=š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?fl׺ ð¹¼Ğ ž=¾ğ ½−ł ¹ˇ¾˝ˇ²?=łÐ ˇ=Þˇ=
ˇ ס Þ½¸³š½š=ýşÞ− =ýš=¾ ğÞ¸K
Ò¼ýŁ−¼Ý¸
≥
⁄ ½ˇ Þ=½š¹ýˇ ½Ð³½š ˝ =ž=ðݸ³žI=³½žÞ= −¦ş Þž=šý¾ˇÞ˝ Žš½ ˇ Ð=½ − =ð ş ³½ − ²=
½ž²=ðݸ³ž²K
≥
„˙ Þ=˚₣ š½š=šłł¹ˇ ¾š˝ =³½žÞ=¼×ž¹š³˝ˇ=fl Þˇł Þć ¹Ð³ž²=Ëݸ³ž²=
E`ifF=ðˇ Ð=½− =Š˝ð½¼− =½− ¼=ðˇÝ −Ć Þ½− ²=ýš½ˇŠ˝ ŠšÐ=½− Þ=ˇ ¹Ð¦ýş=
½žÝš¾ćÞ− ¼I=½ş ½š=−=ˇ ¹Ð¦ýş ²=½− ¼=ðˇÝ −Ć Þ½− ²=¦ˇ =šý¾ˇ Þг½š˝=
³½žÞ=−¦şÞžK=„˙ Þ=−=ˇ¹Ð¦ýş²=ðˇ Ð= ½−=şÞ−ýˇ =½−¼=ðˇÝ −ĆÞ½−²=š˝ÞˇÐ=
ˇ ×− ¦žðš¼ý ˚ Þˇ =³½ž=È˝ ³½ˇ =„ס ¾ć ÞI=½ ş ½š=³½žÞ= − ¦ şÞž=½− ¼=
½žÝš¾ćÞ− ¼=¦ˇ =šý¾ˇ Þг½š˝=½−=şÞ−ý ˇ=½−¼=ð ˇÝ−Ć Þ½− ²K
Țн − ¼¹ ł˝ š²=Ù ğ Þž½Ðð¸²=Ëݸ³ž²LËݸ³ž²=sáÇÉç OP
fl׺ ¹¹ÐĞ ž=„гš¹₣ş ýšÞž²=Ëݸ³ž²
NK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=F=ş ½ˇ Þ=½− =½žÝ˚¾ğ Þ− =ð−¼Š− ¼Þ˝ ŽšÐ=łÐˇ =Þˇ =
ˇ×− ¹¹ ˝Ğš½š=ý ˝ˇ=ðݸ³ž=½žÞ=−×−˝ˇ =ŠšÞ=¦˚Ýš½š=Þˇ=
ˇ× ˇÞ½¸³š½šK
„Þžý˚¹ğ ³ž=½− ¼=ˡÝ−ĆÞ½− ²=ş ½Ð=‚šÞ =š˝³½š=‚Ðˇ¦˚ ³Ðý−²
NK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=xflס³₣ Kz=ş ½ˇ Þ=½− =½ žÝ ˚¾ğ Þ− =ð−¼Š− ¼Þ˝ ŽšÐ=łÐˇ =Þˇ =
³½š˝ Ýš½š=˚Þˇ Þ=½şÞ−=ˇ ס³₣− Ýžý˚ Þ− ¼=ł Ðˇ =Þˇ =šÞžýš¹ć ³š½š=
½− Þ=ðˇ Ý−ĆÞ½ˇ=ş ½Ð=ŠšÞ=ý×− ¹š˝ ½š=Þˇ=ˇ×ˇÞ½¸³š ½š=³½žÞ=ðݸ³žK
ÍšÞ−Ć =Ëݸ³šğ Þ=EËݸ³ž=sáÇÉçF
Ò˝ł ˇ ³ž=½− ¼=ÍÐð¹−¾ćÞ− ¼
NK
ˡ ½˙ =½ž=ŠÐ˙ ¹ðšÐˇ =ý˝ˇ ²=рЭ¸³ž²=обЗЙз=ЧР˚ ³½š=xÒÐğ מݺ zK
·Ðˇ =Þˇ=₣ ¹ž³Ðý− ×− и³š½š=×˙ ÝÐ=½−=ýÐð¹ş¾ğÞ− I=×Ð˚ ³½š=xÍž=
ÒÐğ ×KzK
„Þˇ Ýݡł ¸=„ÐðşÞğÞ
Í× −¹š ˝ ½š=Þ ˇ =šÞ ˇ ÝÝ ˙ ³³š½š=½Ð²=šÐð şÞš²= ˇ×ş=½žÞ=ð Ć ¹Ð ˇ =ð ˇ Ð=½ž=
Ł−ž¦ž½Ðð¸= −¦ şÞžK
NK
ˡ ½˙ =½ž=ŠÐ˙ ¹ðšÐˇ =ý˝ˇ ²=рЭ¸³ž²=обЗЙз=ЧР˚ ³½š=x„×ÐÝKz=ðˇ Ð=
š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?„Þˇ Ýݡł ¸=šÐðşÞğ Þ?K
fl Ýݡ ł¸=½ž²=„Ððş Þˇ ²=³ ˇ ²
NK
ˡ ½˙ =½ž=ŠÐ˙ ¹ðšÐˇ =ý˝ˇ ²=рЭ¸³ž²=обЗЙз=ЧР˚ ³½š=x„×ÐÝKz=ðˇ Ð=
š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?Ùğ½− K=ˇ×ş=Ùğ½− K=jž₣ K?K
OK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?„³ğ ½K=Ùğ ½K=Íž₣ K?I=?„þğ ½K=Ùğ ½K=Íž₣K?=¸=
?„Þˇ Ýݡ ð½Ðð¸=„ÐðşÞˇ ?K
?„³ğ ½K=Ùğ ½K=Íž₣ K?W Â=šÐðşÞˇ =ˇ ׺ =½ž=Ł− ž¦ž½Ðð¸=
¾ğ ½−ł ¹ˇ ¾Ðð¸=ýž₣ˇ Þ¸=šý¾ˇ Þ˝ Žš½ˇÐ=
ðˇ Ð=³½˚ ÝÞš½ˇ Ð=³½− =³¼Þ− ýÐÝž½¸K
?„þğ ½K=Ùğ ½K=Íž₣ K?W Â=šÐðşÞˇ =ˇ ׺ =½žÞ=¾ğ½−ł¹ˇ ¾Ðð¸=
?„Þˇ Ýݡ ð½Ðð¸=„ÐðşÞˇ ?W Â=¾ğ½−ł¹ˇ ¾Ðð¸=ýž₣ˇÞ¸=
„Þš¹ł− ×−˝ ž³ž=ðˇ Ð=fl ךޚ¹ł− ×−˝ ž³ž=½− ¼=Íšłˇ ¾ć Þ− ¼
Í×− ¹š˝ ½š=Þˇ =ýÐݸ³š½š=ˇ×ş =½− =ýšł ˙¾ğ Þ− =×− ¼=Ł¹˝ ³ðš½ˇ Ð=³½−=
ð˙ ݼýýˇ =ך¹ÐŁ ݸýˇ ½− ²=½− ¼=½žÝš¾ć Þ−¼=ş½ˇ Þ=ˇ¼½ş=š ˝ÞˇÐ=ˇÞ−Ðð½şK
NK
ˡ ½˙ =½ž=ŠÐ˙¹рšРˇ=э˝ˇ²=рЭ¸³ž²=обЗЙз=ЧР˚ ³½š=x„×ÐÝKz=ðˇ Ð=
š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?Í š ł˙¾ğ Þ−=„Þš¹łş ?K
Òžýš˝ğ ³ž
≥
Òš=¦− ¹¼Łć Šš²=ך¹ÐŁ˙ ÝÝ− ÞI=˝³ğ ²=Þˇ =ýžÞ=ý×−¹˚ ³š½š=Þˇ=
³¼Þš₣˝ ³š½š=ýÐˇ =ðݸ³ž=¸=Þˇ =×¹ˇłý ˇ½− ×− и³š½š=ýÐˇ =ðݸ³ž=ýš=
ðˇ ݸ=ˇ ð¹şˇ ³žK=Ò¼Þг½−Ć ýš=Þˇ =₣ ¹ž³Ðý− ×− К˝ ½š=½ˇ =
Ò½š¹š−¾ğ ÞÐð˙ =Ù− ¹ž½˙=flð− ¼³½Ðð˙K
≥
Íš= ˇ¼½¸=½žÞ=š×ÐÝ −ł ¸=ý× − ¹š ˝=Þ ˇ=¼× ˙¹þ − ¼Þ=ŠÐ ˇð− × ˚ ²=š ˙ Þ=
ˇ¼þ¸³š½š=½žÞ=˚Þ½ˇ³ž=½− ¼=ˇð− ¼³½Ðð−Ć K=Ò¼Þг½−Ć ýš=Þˇ=
ýšÐć ³š½š=½žÞ=˚ Þ½ˇ ³ž=½− ¼=ˇð− ¼³½Ðð−Ć =¸=Þˇ=₣ ¹ž³Ðý−×− и³š½š=
½ˇ =Ò½š¹š− ¾ğ ÞÐð˙ =Ù− ¹ž½˙=flð− ¼³½Ðð˙K
ýž₣ˇ Þ¸=šý¾ˇÞ˝ Žš½ˇ Ð=ðˇ Ð=³½˚ ÝÞš½ˇ Ð=
³½− =³¼Þ− ýÐÝž½¸K
ˇ ךޚ¹ł−× −К ˝ ½ ˇ Ð=ð ˇ Ð=
₣¹ž³Ðý −× −К ˝½ ˇÐ=ž=šÐð şÞˇ =× −¼=
š×ÐÝ˚þˇ ½š=ýš=½žÞ=š×ÐÝ−ł ¸=
?„Þˇ Ýݡ ð½Ðð¸=„ÐðşÞˇ ?=¸=?Ô¼¦ýK=
Ëݸ³ž²=sáÇÉç?K
OQ Țн− ¼¹ł˝š²=Ù ğÞž½Ðð¸²=Ëݸ³ž²LËݸ³ž²=sáÇÉç
Ô¼¦ý˝ ³šÐ²=Ëݸ³šğ Þ=sáÇÉç
ÔĆ ¦ýгž=½ ž ²=Ó−Ðş ½ž½ˇ ²=½ž²=„гš¹₣ş ýšÞž²=¸=½ž²=„þš¹₣ş ýšÞž²=
„ÐðşÞˇ ²
Í×− ¹š˝ ½š=Þˇ =¹¼¦ý˝ ³š½š=½žÞ=×−Ðş ½ž½ˇ =½ž²=šÐðşÞˇ ²=½− ¼=ðˇÝ −Ć Þ½ˇ=
¸=½− ¼=ðˇÝ −Ć ýšÞ− ¼K
NK
ˡ ½˙ =½ž=Š Ð˙¹ðšÐˇ =ý˝ˇ ²=рЭ¸³ž²=обЗЙз=ЧР˚ ³½š=x„×ÐÝKz=ðˇ Ð=
š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?Ô¼¦ýK=Ëݸ³ž²=sáÇÉ ç?K
OK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?Ó−Ðş ½ž½ˇ =šÐ³š¹₣ K=¾ğ½−ł ¹K?=¸=?Ó−Ðş ½ž½ˇ =šþš¹₣K=
¾ğ ½−ł ¹K?K
PK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?ˡÞ− ÞÐð¸?I=?Ó− Ðş ½ž½ˇ =„Ððş ÞK?=¸=?·¹¸ł−¹ˇ =ˡ ¹˚?K
?ˡÞ− ÞÐð¸?W= ı ¹ž³Ðý−×− К˝½ˇ Ð=ž=ðˇÞ− ÞÐð¸=
?Ó−Ðş ½ž½ˇ =„Ððş ÞK?W Â=×−Ðş½ž½ˇ =½− ¼=¾ˇð −Ć =˚₣ šÐ=
?·¹¸ł− ¹ˇ =ˡ ¹˚ ?W Ì=¹¼¦ýş ²=ˇ Þˇ Þ˚ğ ³ž²=½ğ Þ=ðˇ ¹˚ =
„Þš¹ł− ×−˝ ž³ž=¸=fl ךޚ¹ł− ×−˝ ž³ž=Ùğ ½Ð³ý−Ć
Í×− ¹š˝ ½š=Þˇ =šÞš¹ł− ×− и³š½š=¸=Þˇ=ˇ ךޚ¹ł− ×− и³š½š=½− =
¾ğ ½Ð³ýş =½ž²=− ¦ş Þž²=³ˇ ²K
NK
ˡ ½˙ =½ž=Š Ð˙¹ðšÐˇ =ý˝ˇ ²=рЭ¸³ž²=обЗЙз=ЧР˚ ³½š=x„×ÐÝKz=ðˇ Ð=
š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?Ô¼¦ýK=Ëݸ³ž²=sáÇÉ ç?K
OK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?Ùğ ½Ð³ýş ²?K
PK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=ˇ×ş =?Ó˙ Þ½ˇ=ˇÞ−Ðð½ş ²?I=?Ó˙ Þ½ˇ =ðݚг½ş ²?=¸=?˜²=
ˡ Þ− ÞK=ÔƦýK?K
„˙ Þ=š×ÐÝ˚ þš½š=?Ó˙ Þ½ˇ =ˇ Þ− Ðð½ş ²?I=− =¾ğ ½Ð³ýş ²=½ž²=− ¦ş Þž²=
¦ˇ =š˝ Þˇ Ð=×˙ Þ½ˇ =šÞš¹łş²=ð ˇ ½˙ =½ž=ŠÐ˙ ¹ðšÐˇ =ýÐˇ ²=рЭ¸³ž²=обЗЙзK
×− Ðş ½ž½ˇ K
×¹− ½š¹ˇÐş ½ž½ˇ=˚Þˇ Þ½Ð=½− ¼=¹¼¦ý−Ć =
ˇÞ ˇÞ ˚ğ³ž²=½ ğÞ=ð ˇ¹ ˚K
˚₣šÐ=×¹ −½š¹ ˇÐş ½ž½ ˇ= ˚Þ ˇÞ½Ð=½ž²=
×− Ðş ½ž½ˇ ²K
„˙ Þ=š×ÐÝ˚ þš½š=?˜²=ˡ Þ− ÞK=ÔĆ ¦ýK?I=½ş ½š=− =¾ğ ½Ð³ýş ²=¦ˇ =
³Ł ¸³šÐ=ˇ Þ˙ Ý−ł ˇ =ýš=½Ð²=¹¼¦ý˝ ³šÐ²=×− ¼=˚₣− ¼Þ=ł˝ ÞšÐ=ł Ðˇ =½− =
Ùğ ½Ð³ýş =E³šÝK UVFK
ÔĆ ¦ýгž=½ž²=÷𦚳ž²=sáÇÉç
NK
ˡ ½˙ =½ž=ŠÐ˙ ¹ðšÐˇ =ý˝ˇ ²=рЭ¸³ž²= обЗЙз=ЧР˚ ³½š=x„×ÐÝKz=ðˇ Ð=
š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?Ô¼¦ýK=Ëݸ³ž²=sáÇÉç?K
OK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?÷𦚳ž?K
PK
ÓÐ˚ ³½š=a=EÙ𠽚ÐÞş F=¸=b=EÒð−Ć ¹− FK
ˡ ½− ×½¹Ðð¸=„ÐðşÞˇ
ˡ ½˙ =½ž=ŠÐ˙ ¹ðšÐˇ =ýÐˇ ²=рЭ¸³ž²=обЗЙзI=эЧ− ¹š˝ ½š=Þˇ=ˇÞˇ ³½¹˚Ğ š½š=
½žÞ=šÐðşÞˇ =³ˇ ²=³½ž=Ł− ž¦ž½Ðð¸=−¦ş ÞžK
NK
ˡ ½˙ =½ž=ŠÐ˙ ¹ðšÐˇ =ý˝ˇ ²=рЭ¸³ž²= обЗЙз=ЧР˚ ³½š=x„×ÐÝKz=ðˇ Ð=
š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?Ô¼¦ýK=Ëݸ³ž²=sáÇÉç?K
OK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?ˡ½− ×½¹Ðð¸=šÐðş Þˇ ?K
PK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?„Þš¹łş ?=¸=?Íž=šÞš¹łş ?K
fl Ýݡ ł¸=½ž²=„Ððş Þˇ²=‡−ž¦ž½Ðð¸²=Ì ¦ ş Þž²=³š=„ÞˇÝݡ ð½Ðð¸=
„ÐðşÞˇ
ˡ ½˙ =½ž=ŠÐ˙ ¹ðšÐˇ =ýÐˇ ²=рЭ¸³ž²=обЗЙзI=эЧ− ¹š˝ ½š=Þˇ =šÞˇ ÝÝ˙ ³³š½š=
½žÞ=šÐðşÞˇ =×−¼=šý¾ˇÞ˝Žš½ˇÐ=³½ −Þ=ðˇÝ −ĆÞ½ˇ=ýš½ˇþ Ć=½ž²=šÐðşÞˇ ²=
½ž²=š³ğ ½š¹Ðð¸²=¾ğ½−ł¹ˇ ¾Ðð¸²=ýž₣ˇÞ¸²=ðˇÐ==ý ˝ˇ²=šÞˇ Ýݡ ð½Ðð¸²=
šÐðşÞˇ ²=šÞć=Ł˙ Žš½š=ýÐˇ =ðݸ³ž=³š=ˇÞˇý− Þ¸I=ˇ×ş =½ˇ=ˇ¹₣ š˝ˇ =½ğ Þ=
ˇ ×− ¦žðš¼ý ˚ Þğ Þ=šÐð ş Þ ğ ÞK
NK
ˡ ½˙ =½ž=ŠÐ˙ ¹ðšÐˇ =ý˝ˇ ²=рЭ¸³ž²= обЗЙз=ЧР˚ ³½š=x„×ÐÝKz=ðˇ Ð=
š×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?Ô¼¦ýK=Ëݸ³ž²=sáÇÉç?K
OK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?„Þˇ Ýݡ ð½Ðð¸=„ÐðşÞˇ ?=¸=?Ùğ½−ł ¹K=flÞˇý− Þ¸²?K
PK
„×ÐÝ˚ þ½š=?Ó¹− ¹¼¦ýK=Ùğ½−ł ¹K?=¸=?ÌÐ=Ùğ½−ł ¹K=Í− ¼?K
Țн− ¼¹ł˝ š²=Ùğ Þž½Ðð¸²=Ëݸ³ž²LËݸ³ž²=sáÇÉç OR
„гˇłğł ¸=ıˇ ¹ˇ 𽸹ğ Þ
·Ðˇ =Þˇ =šÐ³˙ł š½š=₣ˇ¹ˇ 𽸹š²=ş½ˇ Þ=ŠžýÐ− ¼¹łš˝ ½š=ðˇ ½ˇ ₣𠹸³šÐ²=
È˝ ³½ˇ ²=„ס ¾ć ÞI=ł ¹ˇ ×½˙ =ýžÞĆ ýˇ ½ˇ =¸=ýžÞĆ ýˇ ½ˇ =×− ݼý˚ ³ğ Þ=
ðÝ×KI=×Ð˚ ³½š=½ˇ=ˇ Þ½˝ ³½−Ð₣ˇ =×Ý¸ð½¹ˇK
Ò½ž=ý˚¦− Š− =šÐ³ˇłğł ¸²=ýš=×− Ýݡ×ݸ=×˝ š³ž=×ݸð½¹ğ ÞI=×Ð˚ ³½š=
š×ˇ ÞšÐÝžýý˚Þˇ =ð˙ ¦š=×ݸð½¹− =ý˚₣ ¹Ð=Þˇ =šý¾ˇ Þг½š˝=− =
₣ ˇ¹ˇ 𽸹ˇ ²=× − ¼=¦˚Ýš½šK=·Ðˇ =ס ¹˙ŠšÐłý ˇ I=×Ð˚ ³½š=½−=
¾− ¹˙ =ł Ðˇ =Þˇ =šý¾ˇ Þг½š˝ =½− =ł ¹˙ ýýˇ =^=¸=ŠĆ− =¾− ¹˚ ²=ł Ðˇ =Þˇ =
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