Sensus Metering Systems MXU530T Users Manual
Technical Manual
iCon APX Advanced Functionality Meter
TM-iX0A-0805 1.0
Technical Manual for the
iCon APX Advanced Functionality Meter
TM-iX0A-0805 1.0
Information in the document is subject to change without notice and does not represent a commitment on the part of Sensus Metering Systems-North America
Inc. The electricity meter described in this document is furnished under a license agreement or nondisclosure agreement. This document may be used or copied
only in accordance with the terms of those agreements. No part of this document may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or
any means electronic or mechanical, including printing and recording for any purpose other than the purchaser’s personal use without the written permission of
Sensus Metering Systems-North America, Inc.
THE INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS MANUAL IS PRESENTED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY. IN NO EVENT SHALL SENSUS
METERING SYSTEMS-NORTH AMERICA INC. BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL
DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF ANY USE OF SUCH INFORMATION, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY OMISSIONS OR TECHNICAL
OR EDITORIAL ERRORS IN THE TEXT.
© Copyright 2005, Sensus Metering Systems-North America Inc. All Rights Reserved.
iCon APX™, iConFig™ and associated logos are trademarks of Sensus Metering Systems-North America Inc. and its subsidiaries and affiliates. All other
brand names may be trademarks of their respective owners.
Technical Manual
iCon APX Advanced Functionality Meter
Version 1.0, September, 2005
Document Number: TM-iX0A-0805
Sensus Metering Systems
1501 Ardmore Boulevard, Suite 600
Pittsburgh, PA 15221 USA
1-800-METER-IT (638-3748)
1 800-888-2403 (fax)
www.sensus.com
TM-iX0A-0805 1.0
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
CHAPTER 1
Introduction
Overview................................................................................................................................................ 1-1
Purpose............................................................................................................................................... 1-2
Safety ................................................................................................................................................. 1-2
Manual Conventions .............................................................................................................................. 1-2
Additional Information Sources......................................................................................................... 1-2
Notational Conventions...................................................................................................................... 1-3
Hexadecimal Values....................................................................................................................... 1-3
Ranges............................................................................................................................................ 1-3
Register Notation and Usage.......................................................................................................... 1-3
Applicable Standards ......................................................................................................................... 1-4
CHAPTER 2
Meter Overview
iCon APX Meter .................................................................................................................................... 2-1
Accuracy ............................................................................................................................................ 2-1
Reliability........................................................................................................................................... 2-1
Expandability ..................................................................................................................................... 2-1
Tamper Resistance ............................................................................................................................. 2-1
System Architecture............................................................................................................................... 2-2
Hardware............................................................................................................................................ 2-3
Meter Base Assembly .................................................................................................................... 2-3
Register Cover Assembly............................................................................................................... 2-7
Meter Cover ................................................................................................................................. 2-14
Metering Capabilities........................................................................................................................... 2-15
Display Lists .................................................................................................................................... 2-16
Normal Display List..................................................................................................................... 2-16
Alternate Display List .................................................................................................................. 2-16
Test Display List .......................................................................................................................... 2-16
Diagnostic Display List................................................................................................................ 2-17
Security ............................................................................................................................................ 2-18
CHAPTER 3
Operation
Hardware Setup...................................................................................................................................... 3-1
All Meters .......................................................................................................................................... 3-1
Self-Contained Meters ................................................................................................................... 3-2
Calibration Check .............................................................................................................................. 3-2
Testing............................................................................................................................................ 3-3
IR Test Pulse LED Background..................................................................................................... 3-4
Display Board Check ......................................................................................................................... 3-5
i
Table of Contents
Test Mode .......................................................................................................................................... 3-5
Test Mode Operation ..................................................................................................................... 3-6
Installation.............................................................................................................................................. 3-6
Meter Power-Up................................................................................................................................. 3-7
Configuring APX Meters ....................................................................................................................... 3-8
Identification .................................................................................................................................. 3-9
Metering Constants ........................................................................................................................ 3-9
Diagnostics and Alarms ............................................................................................................... 3-10
History Logs................................................................................................................................. 3-11
Special Features ........................................................................................................................... 3-11
CHAPTER 4
Servicing the iCon APX Meter
Meter Communication ........................................................................................................................... 4-1
Infrared Port ....................................................................................................................................... 4-1
Remote Communications................................................................................................................... 4-1
Updating the Firmware .......................................................................................................................... 4-1
Resetting the Meter ................................................................................................................................ 4-1
Troubleshooting ..................................................................................................................................... 4-2
Visual Check ...................................................................................................................................... 4-2
Installation Check .............................................................................................................................. 4-3
Shop Testing ...................................................................................................................................... 4-3
Diagnostic Checks.............................................................................................................................. 4-3
Replacement – Basic Components......................................................................................................... 4-4
Replacement of the Meter Cover ....................................................................................................... 4-5
Removing the Meter Cover............................................................................................................ 4-5
Installing the Meter Cover ............................................................................................................. 4-6
Replacement of the Register Cover.................................................................................................... 4-6
Removing the Register Cover ........................................................................................................ 4-7
Installing the Register Cover.......................................................................................................... 4-8
Replacing the Interconnect Board...................................................................................................... 4-9
Removing the Interconnect Board .................................................................................................4-9
Installing the Interconnect Board................................................................................................. 4-10
Replacing the Register Display Board ............................................................................................. 4-11
Removing the Register Display Board......................................................................................... 4-11
Installing the Register Display Board .......................................................................................... 4-12
CHAPTER 5
Theory of Operation
Metrology............................................................................................................................................... 5-1
Sensors ............................................................................................................................................... 5-1
Current Sensor................................................................................................................................ 5-1
Voltage Sensor ............................................................................................................................... 5-2
Inputs.................................................................................................................................................. 5-2
Power Calculations ............................................................................................................................ 5-2
Watts and Watt-Hours.................................................................................................................... 5-2
TM-iX0A-0805 1.0
Table of Contents
kVA/kVAR Calculations ............................................................................................................... 5-3
Data Transfer...................................................................................................................................... 5-3
Calibration.......................................................................................................................................... 5-3
Register Display Board .......................................................................................................................... 5-3
Main Microprocessor ......................................................................................................................... 5-3
Non-Volatile Memory........................................................................................................................ 5-4
Power Supply ......................................................................................................................................... 5-4
Demand Metering................................................................................................................................... 5-4
Demand .............................................................................................................................................. 5-4
Block .............................................................................................................................................. 5-4
Sliding ............................................................................................................................................ 5-5
Peak................................................................................................................................................ 5-5
Cumulative ..................................................................................................................................... 5-5
Continuous Cumulative.................................................................................................................. 5-5
Demand Reset .................................................................................................................................... 5-5
Outage Recognition............................................................................................................................ 5-6
Demand Forgiveness Time ................................................................................................................ 5-6
Self Read ............................................................................................................................................ 5-6
Coincident Values .............................................................................................................................. 5-6
Primary/Secondary Metering ............................................................................................................. 5-6
APPENDIX A
Socket Wiring
Form 8S................................................................................................................................................. A-1
Form 9S................................................................................................................................................. A-1
Form 14S............................................................................................................................................... A-2
Form 15S............................................................................................................................................... A-2
Form 16S............................................................................................................................................... A-2
Form 17S............................................................................................................................................... A-3
APPENDIX B
Specifications
Meter Specifications ..............................................................................................................................B-1
Operating............................................................................................................................................B-1
Environmental....................................................................................................................................B-1
Maximums .........................................................................................................................................B-1
Input ...................................................................................................................................................B-2
Physical Dimensions ..........................................................................................................................B-2
APPENDIX C
Alarms, Diagnostics, and Errors
Codes......................................................................................................................................................C-1
Alarm .................................................................................................................................................C-2
Diagnostic ..........................................................................................................................................C-4
Error ...................................................................................................................................................C-4
iii
Introduction
Chapter 1
The iCon™ APX Advanced Functionality Meter is a commercial-grade, electricity meter. By
analyzing information from the metering industry, Sensus Metering Systems has developed a
new, configurable meter designed to meet the demands of commercial metering.
Overview
Overview
This manual provides technical and support information for the iCon APX meter:
• Socket: Form 9S (8S) 20 Amp
• Socket: Form 16S (14S, 15S, 17S) 200 Amp
Figure 1-1: iCon APX Advanced Functionality Meter
Version 1.0 Introduction 1-1
Manual Conventions Introduction
Purpose
The purpose of this manual is to provide:
• Physical descriptions of the APX meters.
• Descriptions of fixed and optional features.
• A reference for meter set up, operation, troubleshooting, and maintenance.
This document is intended for technically qualified personnel of energy supply companies and
their contractors who are responsible for the system planning, installation, commissioning,
operation, maintenance, decommissioning, and/or disposal of meters.
Safety
Hazardous voltages are present while power is applied to meters, meter sockets, or other
metering equipment. Any work on the energized equipment presents the danger of electrical
shock and can result in death or serious injury. The information contained within this
manual is intended to be an aid to qualified metering personnel. It is not intended to replace
the extensive training necessary to handle metering equipment in a safe manner.
Use extreme care when servicing the meter while power is applied.
Qualified electricians and metering specialists, in accordance with local utility safety
practices and utility requirements, should perform all work on this product with extreme
care. Failure to comply with this caution can result in the destruction of or damage to the
equipment and/or permanent loss of stored data..
All industry safety precautions must be observed during all phases of operation, service, and
servicing of the meters. Failure to comply with these precautions or with specific warnings in
this manual violates safety standards of design, manufacture, and the intended use of the
metering instrument. Sensus Metering Systems assumes no liability for the customer’s failure to
comply with these requirements.
Manual Conventions
This section provides additional information that may be required for meter configuration and
maintenance purposes.
Additional Information Sources
• Handbook for Electricity Metering, 10th Edition, Edison Electrical Institute
• Requirements for Watthour Meter Sockets
, ANSI C12.7-1993
1-2 Introduction TM-iX0A-0805
Introduction Manual Conventions
Notational Conventions
Hexadecimal Values
Hexadecimal values in this manual are expressed as follows:
• Values that are in hexadecimal notation are shown as two or four (4) characters followed by
the letter "h.” Each character can have a value from 0 through F. For example, 9C3Fh
• All other numbers are in decimal notation.
Ranges
Ranges, or parameters, expressed in this manual are expressed a pair of values separated by
ellipses. For example, 0…5 include numbers 0 and 5 and all of the values in between.
Register Notation and Usage
Registers are a part of the meter memory that contains the addresses that are used to hold specific
kinds of information. The following registers are contained in the APX meter. The information
stored in these registers is usually configured using the iConFig application software.
Billing Registers
The APX meter contains two Billing Registers. The Billing Registers store:
• Selected consumption readings
• The associated Maximum Demand readings
• The associated Cumulative Demand or Continuously Cumulative Demand.
Previous Demand Registers
The Previous Demand registers contain a snapshot of the Billing Registers captured during the
last Demand Reset. Any data in these registers is overwritten during the reset.
Status Register
The status register store meter dependent information (e.g., Low Battery, Meter errors, Demand
overloads)
History Log Register
The History Log registers store data for selected events that may occur during meter operation.
More than 40 different events can be recognized and the results stored in these registers.
Version 1.0 Introduction 1-3
Manual Conventions Introduction
Applicable Standards
The iCon APX meter meets or exceeds the ANSI standards for commercial and industrial
electricity metering.
Table 1-1: Applicable Standards
ANSI C12.1 – 2001 American National Standard Code for Electricity Metering
ANSI C12.13-1991 American National Standard Code for Electronic Time-of-Use
Registers for Electricity Meters
ANSI C12.18-1996 American National Standard Code for Protocol Specification for
ANSI Type 2 Optical Port
*ANSI C12.19 - 1997 American National Standard Code for Utility Industry End Device
Data Tables
*ANSI C12.20 – 2002 American National Standard Code for Electricity Meters
0.2 and 0.5 Accuracy Classes
ANSI C12.21-1999 American National Standard Code for Protocol Specification for
Telephone Modem Communication
ANSI/IEEE C37.90 –1989 IEEE Standard Surge Withstand Capability (SWC) for Protective
Relays and Relay Systems
* - The iCon™ APX conforms to the standards, however the meters are not governed by them.
1-4 Introduction TM-iX0A-0805
Meter Overview
Chapter 2
iCon APX Meter
The iCon™ APX Advanced Functionality Meter continues to use same field-proven Sentec®
sensor technology found in the other meters in the iCon family.
Accuracy
The APX meter is built with a backbone of precision that exceeds ANSI C12.20 standards for
accuracy.
Reliability
The iCon APX meter uses a simple, unique modular design that meets the most stringent
performance requirements for revenue billing applications. This construction reduces the number
of connections thereby reducing the possibility of false data or metering related problems.
iCon APX Meter
Expandability
Like the iCon meter, the APX meter employs an open architecture design that allows for easy
and cost effective AMR integration. The APX meter was designed with this idea in mind.
Tamper Resistance
Since there are no moving parts, the APX meter is not vulnerable to the tampering methods (e.g.,
using magnets, inserting foreign objects into the gears, inverting the meter in the socket) used to
affect electromechanical meters.
Version 1.0 Meter Overview 2-1
System Architecture Meter Overview
System Architecture
Figure 2-1 shows the APX meter with the Meter Cover and Register Cover removed.
Figure 2-1: APX Meter Internal Components
APX meters:
• Display accumulated electricity usage data on an easy-to-read liquid crystal display (LCD).
• Are compatible with industry requirements for mounting and device profile features.
• Are compliant with all applicable ANSI standards.
NOTE:
This manual describes some of the features available in iCon APX meters. At the time of
order, specific options are selected for each utility. Not all features may appear in all
meters.
APX meters meet or surpass the needs for automated billing measurement, data collection,
selected control and notification, and usage management for utilities, service providers, and
end-users (business-owners). For more information, please email askicon@sensus.com
.
2-2 Meter Overview TM-iX0A-0805
Meter Overview System Architecture
Hardware
The basic components of the meter are shown in Figure 2-2.
Figure 2-2: iCon APX Meter Components
Meter Base Assembly
The Meter Base Assembly consists of the Meter Base, the Sensor Board, and related hardware.
Figure 2-4 shows the Sensor Board in the Meter Base.
There are no field-serviceable parts in the Meter Base Assembly.
Meter Base
The Meter Base is molded from highly durable thermoplastics. It provides a stable platform for
the Sensor Board. In addition to the components described in this section, it contains the hangar
for mounting the meter, and the T-Bar for meter security.
Figure 2-3: Meter Base Assembly
Version 1.0 Meter Overview 2-3
System Architecture Meter Overview
Figure 2-4 through Figure 2-6 provide views of the available APX meter Forms.
Figure 2-4 shows a transformer rated Form 9S (8S) Meter Base.
Figure 2-4: Form 9S (8S) Meter Base
Figure 2-4 shows a Form 16S (14S, 15S, 17S) Meter Base.
Figure 2-5: Form 16S (14S, 15S, 17S) Meter Base
2-4 Meter Overview TM-iX0A-0805
Meter Overview System Architecture
For self-contained meters, there is an optional Phantom Load version of the Meter Base.
Figure 2-6 shows a Form 15S/16S Meter Base with the Phantom Load (closed position).
Figure 2-6: Form 15S/16S Meter Base - Optional Phantom Load
All meter bases provide knockouts for the option boards.
Figure 2-7: Meter Base – Option Board Knockouts
Version 1.0 Meter Overview 2-5
System Architecture Meter Overview
Sensor Board
The Sensor Board is a part of the Meter Base Assembly and consists of the sensing circuitry,
buss bars, power supply, and connector ports. There are no field serviceable components in the
base assembly.
The module:
• Senses all of the voltages and currents for all phases passing through the meter
• Provides the DC power for the rest of the meter
• Contains the data of all of the sampled energy and voltages
• Supports reading of the sampled data by the Register Display Board
• Holds the calibration information stored in EEPROM
Buss Bars — The buss bars are conducting blades that carry the load current from the service
socket to the load. In self-contained meters, the buss bars provide the voltage inputs to the
metrology and provide power to the meter’s internal power supply.
Sensing Circuitry — The primary components include a patented linear current sensor and
integrated circuitry specifically designed for poly-phase electricity metering. The ADE7758 is a
24-pin, poly-phase, energy measuring, integrated-circuit chip with a serial interface and pulse
outputs. This chip measures/calculates the following values:
• Active Energy - Wh
• Reactive and Apparent Energy – VARh and VAh
• RMS Voltages
• RMS Currents
• Temperature
The chip is suitable for three-phase, three-wire and/or three-phase, four-wire Delta or Wye
services. This chip stores the measurement samples of each quantity and supports read operations
by the Register Display Board.
Switching Power Supply — The power supply is a true, three-phase, surge protected,
auto-ranging (96 VAC to 576 VAC) power supply. It accepts voltages present at the service
socket and provides DC power for the rest of the meter. The power supply functions even with
power present on only one phase.
Connector Ports — The Connector Ports provide the physical links to the Sensor Board for the
Interconnect Board and the Option Cards.
2-6 Meter Overview TM-iX0A-0805
Meter Overview System Architecture
Register Cover Assembly
The Register Cover Assembly consists of:
• Register Cover
• Register Display Board
• Interconnect Board
• Option Boards
Figure 2-8: Register Cover Assembly – Exploded View
Version 1.0 Meter Overview 2-7
System Architecture Meter Overview
Register Cover
The Register Cover is an opaque shield that protects the meter’s internal components from
external tampering and serves as the mounting surface for the labels. The cover also contains
‘pockets’ to house batteries that maintain the DC voltage for circuitry required to function during
an outage; such as the RTC. Except for the Optical Port Shield, LCD, TEST tab, RESET tab, and
ALT tab, no internal components can be viewed through the Register Cover.
Figure 2-9: Register Cover
Labels
The meter has labels on the Register Cover. The Nameplate, and Warning Label are on all
Register Covers. If an AMR module is installed, an FCC Label will be present.
Upper and Lower Nameplate Labels
The upper and lower labels are compliant with the ANSI C12.10 – 1997 standard and may
include:
• Meter:
▪ Style Number
▪ Current class
▪ Form
▪ Service type
▪ K
▪ Test Amps
▪ Accuracy Class
value
h
2-8 Meter Overview TM-iX0A-0805
Meter Overview System Architecture
• Operating:
▪ Voltages
▪ Frequencies
• A unique meter identifier
• Descriptive information
Meter information required by the utility
• Factory-generated bar code for the:
▪ Meter ID
▪ Test board
Warning Label
The Warning Label contains a multi-lingual message on the hazards and potential consequences
of working on energized equipment.
FCC Label
The FCC Label is affixed to the Register Cover and may:
• Contain patent and part numbers
• Provide relevant FCC Part 15 compliance information
• Describe the operating conditions
• Provide additional compliance information pertaining to an optional RF AMR module
installed in the meter
The following Note applies to iCon APX meters containing the Sensus MXU Model 530-T RF
AMR module.
This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two
conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept
any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.
This device contains FCC ID: KCHMXU530T / IC: 2220A-MXU530T.
CAUTION: Changes or modifications not expressly approved by Sensus Metering Systems
could void the user's authority to operate the equipment.
Version 1.0 Meter Overview 2-9
System Architecture Meter Overview
Register Display Board
The Register Display Board (display board) consists of a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD),
Alternate Mode button, Demand Reset button, Test Mode button, three option-board
connections, and an optical port consisting of one (1) infrared LED and one (1) infrared
LED sensor.
Figure 2-10: Register Display Board
The display board
• Includes connectors for plugging in the option boards and Interconnect Board
• Periodically reads data contained within the ADE7758 chip on the Sensor Board
• Parses the data into the different billing quantities
• Communicates the results of calculations by way of the LCD and/or remote communication
ports
• Manages the remote communication ports:
▪ ANSI C12-18, Type 2 compliant Optical Port
▪ RS-232 or RS-485
▪ Ethernet/Modem connection
▪ Third-party communication boards
• Stores the following data in non-volatile, flash memory:
▪ Meter firmware
▪ Meter status
▪ History Log
▪ The configuration program created with iConFig™
▪ Billing information
2-10 Meter Overview TM-iX0A-0805
Meter Overview System Architecture
Liquid Crystal Display
The LCD provides meter reading and test information. The information on the LCD is visible in
direct sunlight and can be read at angles of 15 degrees above and below the LCD centerline.
Figure 2-11 shows the LCD’s Annunciators and Displays.
Figure 2-11: LCD Annunciators, Displays, and Indicators
Annunciators
Annunciators are composed of LCD segments that can be enabled/disabled to display the
following meter conditions and measurements.
ALT (Alternate List) — This Annunciator illuminates when the meter shows the values from the
Alternate Display List. No measurements are affected while in this display mode.
TST (Test List) — This Annunciator illuminates when the meter is in Test Mode.
REM (Remote Communications) — This Annunciator illuminates when the meter detects
outside connections to the meter on any of its communication ports.
EOI (End of Interval) — This Annunciator illuminates at the end of every Demand Interval. The
Annunciator remains illuminated for four (4) seconds and then extinguishes.
BATT (Battery) — When the meter contains a Real-Time-Clock (RTC) battery, this
Annunciator illuminates when the meter detects the installed battery’s useful life is at or below
15 percent.
PREV (Previous) — When configured and the meter contains previously stored billing data, this
Annunciator illuminates when the Data Display is showing previous billing data.
AVG (Average) — When configured, this Annunciator illuminates when the LCD is showing
the average system voltage or current.
MAX (Maximum), CONT (Continuously), CUM (Cumulative) — These Annunciators
illuminate when the LCD shows Peak Demand quantities. When configured, the MAX (Peak
Demand), the MAX and CUM (Cumulative Peak Demand), or MAX, CONT, and CUM
(Continuously Cumulative Peak Demand) Annunciators illuminate.
RATE A, B, C, D, E — When configured for Time-of-Use (TOU), the RATE Annunciator and
one of the alphabetic Annunciators illuminate when the Data Display shows the applicable rate
information. The displayed information is configured from the Switch Times tab of the
TOU / Calendar module of iConFig.
Version 1.0 Meter Overview 2-11
System Architecture Meter Overview
M (Mega) — This Annunciator illuminates when the value shown by the Data Display is one
million of a specified unit.
k (kilo) — This Annunciator illuminates when the value shown by the Data Display is one
thousand of a specified unit.
V (Volts), W (Watts) — The W consists of two V-shaped Annunciators. When one Annunciator
is illuminated, it appears as the letter V. When both Annunciators are illuminated, they appear as
the letter W. These Annunciators illuminate when the value shown by the Data Display is either
Volts or Watts.
A (Amperes), R (Reactive) — These Annunciators can be used in conjunction with the
V Annunciators. They illuminate when the value shown by the Data Display is as follows:
• VA = Voltamperes
• VAR - The product of the total Voltamperes and the sine of the angle between current and
voltage.
h (Energy) — This Annunciators illuminates when the Data Display is showing an integrated
quantity.
PF (Power Factor) — This Annunciator illuminates when the value in the Data Display shows a
power factor value. Power factor values are calculated based upon the integrated quantities the
meter is configured (either factory default or with the iConFig application) to accumulate.
DEL (Delivered), REC (Received) — These Annunciators illuminate when the value in the Data
Display shows the contents of the related Delivered or Received billing registers. These
Annunciators do not indicate whether the actual power flowing through the meter is delivered or
received.
A, B, C (Per Phase Quantity) — These Annunciators illuminate when the value in the Data
Display is for the detected phase. When all Annunciators are extinguished, the quantity is for all
three phases.
Displays and Indicators
ID Code Display — When configured, this three-digit identifying code is displayed
simultaneously with an item shown in the Data Display area. (typically, a unique code is
configured for each Data Display item).
120, 277, 240, 480 (Service Voltage Indicators) — The meter detects the nominal service voltage
during power up and illuminates the display of the detected voltage. If the nominal service
voltage cannot be determined (as a result of an incorrectly wired socket, for example), all Service
Voltage Indicators are illuminated.
Voltage Potential Indicators — Illuminate when voltage is present in those phases
Quadrant Indicators — Illuminate to show the direction of the power presently flowing
through the meter and whether the power factors are leading or lagging. The quadrants are
defined as follows:
• Quadrant 1 (lagging) – Wh and VARh delivered to the customer.
• Quadrant 2 (lagging) – Wh received from the customer and VARh delivered to the customer.
• Quadrant 3 (leading) – Wh and VARh received from the customer.
• Quadrant 4 (leading) – Wh delivered to the customer and VARh received from the customer.
2-12 Meter Overview TM-iX0A-0805
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