Seagate ST973402SS, ST9146802SS User Manual

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Product Manual

Savvio® 10K.2 SAS

ST9146802SS ST973402SS

100384760 Rev . D August 2007

Publication number: 100384760, Rev. D

August 2007

Seagate, Seagate Technology and the Wave logo are registered trademarks of Seagate Technology LLC in the United States and/or other countries. Savvio, SeaTools and SeaTDD are either trademarks or registered trademarks of Seagate Technology LLC or one of its affiliated companies in the United States and/or other countries. All other trademarks or registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners.

One gigabyte, or GB, equals one billion bytes when referring to hard drive capacity. Accessible capacity may vary depending on operating environment and formatting. Quantitative usage examples for various applications are for illustrative purposes. Actual quantities will vary based on various factors, including file size, file format, features and application software. Seagate reserves the right to change, without notice, product offerings or specifications.

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

Contents

1.0 Scope. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

2.0 Applicable standards and reference documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

2.1 Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

2.1.1 Electromagnetic compatibility. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

2.1.2 Electromagnetic compliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

2.1.3 European Union Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

2.2 Reference documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

3.0 General description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

3.1 Standard features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

3.2 Media description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

3.3 Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

3.4 Reliability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

3.5 Formatted capacities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

3.6 Programmable drive capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

3.7 Factory-installed accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

3.8 Factory-installed options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

4.0 Performance characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

4.1 Internal drive characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

4.2 Seek performance characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

4.2.1 Access time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

4.2.2 Format command execution time for 512-byte sectors (minutes) . . . . . . . . . . . 12

4.2.3 General performance characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

4.3 Start/stop time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

4.4 Prefetch/multi-segmented cache control. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

4.5 Cache operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

4.5.1 Caching write data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

4.5.2 Prefetch operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

5.0 Reliability specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

5.1 Error rates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

5.1.1 Recoverable Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

5.1.2 Unrecoverable Errors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

5.1.3 Seek errors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

5.1.4 Interface errors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

5.2 Reliability and service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

5.2.1 Annualized Failure Rate (AFR) and Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF) . . . . 18

5.2.2 Preventive maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

5.2.3 Hot plugging the drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

5.2.4 S.M.A.R.T. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

5.2.5 Thermal monitor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

5.2.6 Drive Self Test (DST). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

5.2.7 Product warranty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

6.0 Physical/electrical specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

6.1 AC power requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

6.2 DC power requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

6.2.1 Conducted noise immunity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

6.2.2 Power sequencing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

6.2.3 Current profiles. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

6.3 Power dissipation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

6.4 Environmental limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

6.4.1 Temperature. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

6.4.2 Relative humidity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

6.4.3 Effective altitude (sea level) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

6.4.4 Shock and vibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

6.4.5 Air cleanliness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

6.4.6 Corrosive environment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

6.4.7 Acoustics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

6.4.8 Electromagnetic susceptibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

6.5 Mechanical specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

7.0 Defect and error management. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

7.1 Drive internal defects/errors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

7.2 Drive error recovery procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

7.3 SAS system errors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

7.4 Background Media Scan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

7.5 Media Pre-Scan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

7.6 Deferred Auto-Reallocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

7.7 Idle Read After Write . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

8.0 Installation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

8.1 Drive orientation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

8.2 Cooling. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

8.3 Drive mounting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

8.4 Grounding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

9.0 Interface requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

9.1 SAS features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

9.1.1 task management functions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

9.1.2 task management responses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

9.2 Dual port support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

9.3 SCSI commands supported. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

9.3.1 Inquiry data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

9.3.2 Mode Sense data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

9.4 Miscellaneous operating features and conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

9.4.1 SAS physical interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

9.4.2 Physical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

9.4.3 Connector requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

9.4.4 Electrical description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

9.4.5 Pin descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

9.4.6 SAS transmitters and receivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

9.4.7 Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

9.5 Signal characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

9.5.1 Ready LED Out . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

9.5.2 Differential signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

10.0 Seagate Technology support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

iii

List of Figures

Figure 1. Savvio 10K.2 SAS disc drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Figure 2. ST9146802SS current profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

Figure 3. ST973402SS current profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Figure 4. ST9146802SS (3 Gbit) DC current and power vs. input/output operations per second. . . . . 29

Figure 5. ST973402SS (3 Gbit) DC current and power vs. input/output operations per second. . . . . . 29

Figure 6. Location of the HDA temperature check point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

Figure 7. Recommended mounting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

Figure 8. Mounting configuration dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

Figure 9. Physical interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

Figure 10. Air flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

Figure 11. Physical interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

Figure 12. SAS device plug dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

Figure 13. SAS device plug dimensions (detail) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

Figure 14. SAS transmitters and receivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

Figure 15. Receive eye mask . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

Figure 16. Reveive tolerance eye mask . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

Figure 17. Sinusoidal jitter mask . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63

Figure 18. Compliance interconnect test load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

Figure 19. Zero-length test load. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

Figure 20. ISI loss example at 3.0 Gbps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

Figure 21. ISI loss example at 1.5 Gbps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

1.0 Scope

This manual describes Seagate Technology® LLC, Savvio® 10K.2 SAS (Serial Attached SCSI) disc drives. Savvio drives support the SAS Protocol specifications to the extent described in this manual. The SAS Inter-

face Manual (part number 100293071) describes the general SAS characteristics of this and other Seagate SAS drives.

Figure 1. Savvio 10K.2 SAS disc drive

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

2.0 Applicable standards and reference documentation

The drive has been d evelope d as a system p eriphe ral to the hig hest st and ards of desig n and constru c tion. The drive depends on its host equipment to provide adequate power and environment for optimum performance and compliance with applicable industry and governmental regulations. Special attention must be given in the areas of safety, power distribution, shielding, audible noise control, and temperature regulation. In particular, the drive must be securely mounted to guarantee the specified performance characteristics. Mounting by bottom holes must meet the requirements of Section 8.3.

2.1 Standards

The Savvio family complies with Seagate standards as noted in the appropr iate sections of this manual and the Seagate SAS Interface Manual, part number 100293071.

The Savvio disc drive is a UL recognized component per UL1950, CSA certified to CAN/CSA C22.2 No. 95095, and VDE or TUV certified to EN60950.

2.1.1 Electromagnetic compatibility

The drive, as delivered, is designed for system integration and installation into a suitable enclosure prior to use. The drive is supplied as a subassembly and is not subject to Subpart B of Part 15 of the FCC Rules and Regulations nor the Radio Interference Regulations of the Canadian Department of Communications.

The design characteristics of the drive serve to minimize radiation when installed in an enclosure that provides reasonable shielding. The drive is capable of meeting the Class B limits of the FCC Rules and Regulations of the Canadian Department of Communications when properly packaged; however, it is the user’s responsibility to assure that the drive meets the appropriate EMI requirements in their system. Shielded I/O cables may be required if the enclosure does not provide adequate shielding. If the I/O cables are external to the enclosure, shielded cables should be used, with the shields grounded to the enclosure and to the host controller.

2.1.1.1 Electromagn etic susc ept ibili ty

As a component assembly, the drive is not required to meet any susceptibility performance requirements. It is the responsibility of those integrating the drive within their systems to perform those tests required and design their system to ensure that equipment operating in the same system as the drive or external to the system does not adversely affect the performance of the drive. See Tables 12 and 13, DC power requirements.

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

2.1.2 Electromagn etic complia nce

Seagate uses an independent laboratory to confirm compliance with the directives/standards for CE Marking and C-Tick Marking. T he dr ive was tested in a r epres ent ative system for typical applications. The select ed sys tem represents the most popular characteristics for test platforms. The system configurations include:

• Typical current use microprocessor

• 3.5-inch floppy disc drive

• Keyboard

• Monitor/display

•Printer

• External modem

•Mouse Although the test system with th is Seag ate mo del comp lies with the dir ectives/st and ards, we cannot gu aran tee

that all systems will comply. The computer manufacturer or system integrator shall confirm EMC compliance and provide the appropriate marking for their product.

Electromagnetic compliance for the European Union

If this model has the CE Marking it complies with the European Union requirements of the Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive 89/336/EEC of 03 May 1989 as amended by Directive 92/31/EEC of 28 April 1992 and Directive 93/68/EEC of 22 July 1993.

Australian C-Tick

If this model has the C-Tick Marking it complies with the Australia/New Zealand Standard AS/NZS3548 1995 and meets the Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Framework requirements of Australia’s Spectrum Management Agency (SMA).

Korean MIC

If this model has the Korean Min ist ry of Infor mat ion and Com munication (MIC) logo, it complie s with par agr aph 1 of Article 11 of the Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Control Regulation and meets the Electromagnetic Compatibility Framework requirements of the Radio Research Laboratory (RRL) Ministry of Information and Communication Republic of Korea.

Taiwanese BSMI

If this model has two Chinese words meaning “EMC certification” followed by an eight digit identification number, as a Marking, it complies with Chinese National Standard (CNS) 13438 and meets the Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Framework requirements of the Taiwanese Bureau of Standards, Metrology, and Inspection (BSMI).

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

2.1.3 European Union Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS)

The European U nion Restr icti on of Hazard ous S ubst ance s (RoHS ) Dire cti ve re strict s the p resen ce of ch emic al substances, including Lead (Pb), in electronic products effective July 2006.

A number of parts and materials in Seagate products are procured from external suppliers. We rely on the representations of our suppliers regarding the presence of RoHS substances in these parts and materials. Our supplier contracts require compliance with our chemical substance restrictions, and our suppliers document their compliance wi th our re quire ment s by providing material conte nt declar ations for al l par ts an d mater ial s for the disc drives documented in this publication. Current supplier declarations include disclosure of the inclusion of any RoHS-regulated substance in such parts or materials.

Seagate also has internal system s in place to en sure ongoing complian ce with the RoHS Directive and all laws and regulations which restrict chemical conte nt in electron ic produ cts. T hese system s include sta ndar d oper ating procedures that ensure that restricted substances are not utilized in our manufacturing operations, laboratory analytical validation testing, and an internal auditing process to ensure that all standard operating procedures are complied with.

2.2 Reference documents

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Installation Guide

Seagate part number: 100384761

SAS Interface Manual

SCSI Commands Reference Manual

ANSI SAS Documents

ANSI Small Computer System Interface (SCSI) Documents

Specification for Acoustic Test Requirement and Procedures

Package Test Specification Seagate P/N 30190-001 (under 100 lb.) Package Test Specification Seagate P/N 30191-001 (over 100 lb.)

In case of conflict between this document and any referenced document, this document takes precedence.

Seagate part number: 100293071

Seagate part number: 100293068

SFF-82232.5” Drive Form Factor with Serial Connector SFF-8460HSS Backplane Design Guidelines SFF-8470Multi Lane Copper Connector SFF-8482SAS Plug Connector ANSI INCITS.xxx Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) Standard (T10/1562-D) ISO/IEC 14776-xxxSCSI Architecure Model-3 (SAM-3) Standard (T10/1561-D) ISO/IEC 14776-xxxSCSI Primary Commands-3 (SPC-3) Standard (T10/1416-D) ISO/IEC 14776-xxxSCSI Block Commands-2 (SBC-2) Standard (T10/1417-D)

X3.270-1996(SCSI-3) Architecture Model

Seagate part number: 30553-001

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

3.0 General description

Savvio drives combine Tunneling Magnetoresistive (TMR) heads and a Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) interface to provide high pe rfor mance , high cap acity d at a sto rage for a va riety o f system s includ ing en gineering wor kst a tions, network servers, mainframes, and supercomputers. The Serial Attached SCSI interface is designed to meet next-generation computing demands for performance, scalability, flexibility and high-density storage requirements.

Savvio drives are random access storage devices designed to support the Serial Attached SCSI Protocol as described in the ANSI specifications, this document, and the SAS Interface Manual (part number 100293071) which describes the general interface characteristics of this drive. Savvio drives are classified as intelligent peripherals and provide level 2 conformance (highest level) with the ANSI SCSI-1 standard. The SAS connectors, cables and electrical interface are compatible with Serial ATA (SATA), giving future users the choice of populating their syste ms with eithe r S AS or SATA har d d isc dr ives. This allo ws you to continue to levera ge yo ur existing investment in SCSI while gaining a 3Gb/s serial data transfer rate.

The head and disc assembly (HDA) is sealed at the factory. A ir recirculates within the HDA through a nonreplaceable filter to maintain a contamination-free HDA environment.

Note. Never disassemble the HDA and do not attempt to service items in the sealed enclosure (heads,

media, actuator, etc.) as this requires special facilities. The drive does not contain user-replaceable parts. Opening the HDA for any reason voids your warranty.

Savvio drives use a dedicated landing zone at the innermost radius of the media to eliminate the possibility of destroying or de grad i ng d at a b y l and ing in the data zone. Th e h eads autom atical ly go t o the landing zone when power is removed from the drive.

An automatic shipping lock prevents potential damage to the heads and discs that results from movement during shipping and handling. The shipping lock disengages and the head load process begins when power is applied to the drive.

Savvio drives decode track 0 location data from the servo data embedded on each surface to eliminate mechanical transducer adjustments and related reliability concerns.

The drives also use a high-performance actuator assembly with a low-inertia, balanced, patented, straight arm design that provides excellent performance with minimal power dissipation.

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

3.1 Standard featu re s

Savvio drives have the following standard features:

• Perpendicular recording technology

• 1.5 / 3 Gbit Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) interface

• Integrated dual port SAS controller supporting the SCSI protocol

• Support for SAS expanders and fanout adapters

• Firmware downloadable using the SAS interface

• 128 - deep task set (queue)

• Supports up to 32 initiators

• Jumperless configuration.

• User-selectable logical block size (512, 520, or 528 bytes per logical block).

• Industry standard SFF 2.5-inch dimensions

• Programmable logical block reallocation scheme

• Flawed logical block reallocation at format time

• Programmable auto write and read reallocation

• Reallocation of defects on command (Post Format)

• ECC maximum burst correction length of 320 bits

• No preventive maintenance or adjustments required

• Dedicated head landing zone

• Embedded servo design

• Automatic shipping lock

• Self diagnostics performed when power is applied to the drive

• Zone bit recording (ZBR)

• Vertical, horizontal, or top down mounting

• Dynamic spindle brake

• 16 Mbyte data buffer (see Section 4.5).

• Drive Self Test (DST)

• Background Media Scan (BGMS)

• Idle Read After Write (IRAW)

• Power Save

3.2 Media desc ription

The media used on the drive has an aluminum substrate coated with a thin film magnetic material, overcoated with a proprietary protective layer for improved durability and environmental protection.

3.3 Performance

• Programmable multi-segmentable cache buffer

• 300 Mbytes/sec maximum instantaneous data transfers.

• 10k RPM spindle. Average latency = 3.0 msec

• Background processing of queue

• Supports start and stop commands (spindle stops spinning)

• Adaptive seek velocity; improved seek performance

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

3.4 Reliability

• Annualized Failure Rate (AFR) or 0.55%

• Mean time between failures (MTBF) of 1,600,000 hours

• Balanced low mass rotary voice coil actuator

• Incorporates industry-standard Self-Monitoring Analysis and Reporting Technology (S.M.A.R.T.)

• 5-year warranty

3.5 Formatted ca pacities

Standard OEM models are formatted to 512 bytes per block. The block size is selectable at format time and must be a multiple of 4 bytes. Users having the necessary equipment may modify the data block size before issuing a format command and obtain different formatted capacities than those listed.

To provide a stable target capacity environment and at the same time provide users with flexibility if they choose, Seagate recommends product planning in one of two modes:

1. Seagate designs specify capacity points at certain block sizes that Seagate guarantees current and future products will meet. We recommend customers use this capacity in their project planning, as it ensures a stable operating point with backward and forward compatibility from generation to generation. The current guaranteed operating points for this product are:

Capacity (Blocks)

ST9146802SS ST973402SS

Sector Size

Decimal Hex Decimal Hex

512 286749488 11177330h 143374744 88BB998h 520 280790192 10BC84B0h 140395096 85E4258h 528 272662936 10408198h 136331468 82040CCh

2. Seagate drives also may be used at the maximum available capacity at a given block size, but the excess capacity above the guaranteed level will vary between other drive families and from generation to generation, depending on how each block size actually formats out for zone frequencies and splits over servo bursts. This added capacity potential may range from 0.1 to 1.3 percent above the guaranteed capacities listed above. Using the drives in this manner gives the absolute maximum capacity potential, but the user must determine if the extra capacity potential is useful, or whether their assurance of backward and forward compatibility takes precedence.

3.6 Programmable drive capacity

Using the Mode Select command, the drive can change its capacity to something less than maximum. See the Mode Select (6) parameter list table in the SAS Interface Manual, part number 100293071. A value of zero in the Number of Blocks field indicates that the drive will not change the capacity it is currently formatted to have. A number other than zero and less than the maximum number of LBAs in the Number of Blocks field changes the total drive cap acity to the value in the Nu mber of Blocks field. A value gre ater t han th e maxim um nu mbe r of LBAs is rounded down to the maximum capacity.

3.7 Factory -installed acce ssories

OEM standard drives are shipped with the Savvio 10K.2 SAS Installation Guide (part number 100384761).

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

3.8 Factory-installed options

Yo u may order the following items which are incorporated at the manufacturing facility d uring production or packaged before shipping. Some of the options available are (not an exhaustive list of possible options):

• Other capacities can be ordered depending on sparing scheme and sector size requested.

• Single-unit shipping pack. The drive is normally shipped in bulk packaging to provide maximum protection against transit damage. U nit s shipped individually require add itional pro tection as pr ovided by th e singl e unit shipping pack. Users planning single unit distribution should specify this option.

• The Savvio 10K.2 SAS Installation Guide, part number 100384761, is usually included with each standard OEM drive shipped, but extra copies may be ordered.

• The Safety and Regulatory Agency Specifications, part number 75789512, is usually included with each standard OEM drive shipped, but extra copies may be ordered.

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

4.0 Performance characteristics

This section provides de ta iled inform ation concerning perform ance-rel ate d chara cteristi cs an d featur es of Sav vio drives.

4.1 Internal drive characteristics

ST9146802SS ST973402SS

Drive capacity 146.8 73.4 Gbytes (formatted, rounded off value) Read/write data heads 4 2 Bytes per track 489,984 489,984 Bytes (average, rounded off values) Bytes per surface 36,704 36,704 Mbytes (unformatted, rounded off value) Tracks per surface (total) 75,373 75,373 Tracks (user accessible) Tracks per inch 150,000 150,000 TPI (average) Peak bits per inch 925,000 925,000 BPI Areal density 135 135 Gbit/in Internal data rate 660-1054 660-1054 Mbit s/s ec (variable with zone) Disc rotation speed 10k 10k rpm Avg rotational latency 3.0 3.0 msec

4.2 Seek performance ch aracteristics

See Section 9.4.1, "SAS physical interface" on page 56 and the SAS Interface Manual (part number

100293071) for additional timing details.

4.2.1 Access time

Including controller overhead (msec)

Read Write Read Write

Average Typical Single track Typical Full stro ke Typical

1. Execution time measured from receipt of the Command to the Response.

2. Assumes no errors and no sector has been relocated.

3. Typical access times are measured under nominal conditions of temperature, voltage, and horizontal orientation as measured on a representative sample of drives.

4. Access time = controller overhead + average seek time and applies to all data transfer commands. Access to data = access time + latency time.

Data sheet data except full stroke which was Gen 2.0 data.

3,4

4.0 4.6 3.8 4.4

0.4 0.6 0.2 0.4

8.17 8.76 7.97 8.56

1, 2

Not including controller overhead (msec)

1,2

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

4.2.2 Format command execution time for 512-byte sectors (minutes)

ST9146802SS ST973402SS

Maximum (wi th verify) Maximum (without verify)

104 52

70 35

4.2.3 General performance characteristics

Minimum sector interleave 1 to 1 Data buffer to/from disc media (one 512-byte logical block)* 82 to 132 MBytes/sec Sustained transfer rate 55 to 89 Mbytes/sec SAS Interface maximum instantaneous transfer rate 300 Mbytes/sec* per port

(dual port = 600 Mbytes/sec*)

Logical block sizes

512 (default), 520 or 528. Read/write consecutive sectors on a track Yes Flaw reallocation performance impact (for flaws reallocated at format time using the

spare sectors per sparing zone reallocation scheme.) Average rotational latency 3.0 msec

Negligible

*Assumes no errors and no relocated logical blocks. Rate measured from the start of the first logical block transfer to or from the host.

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

4.3 Start/stop time

The drive accepts the commands listed in the SAS Interface Manual less than 3 seconds after DC power has been applied.

If the drive receives a NOTIFY (ENABLE SPINUP) primitive through either port and has not received a START STOP UNIT command with the START bit equal to 0, the drive becomes ready for normal operations within 20 seconds (excluding the error recovery procedure).

If the drive receives a START STOP UNIT command with the START bit equal to 0 before receiving a NOTIFY (ENABLE SPINUP ) pri mitive, the drive waits for a S TART STOP UNIT com mand wi th th e START bit equal to 1. After receiving a START STOP UNIT command with the START bit equal to 1, the drive waits for a NOTIFY (ENABLE SPINUP) primitive. After receiving a NOTIFY (ENABLE S PINUP) primitive through either port, the drive becomes ready for normal operations within 20 seconds (excluding the error recovery procedure).

If the drive receives a START STOP UNIT command with the START bit and IMMED bit equal to 1 and does not receive a NOTIFY (ENABLE SPINUP) primitive within 5 seconds, the drive fails the START STOP UNIT command.

The START S TOP UN IT comm and m ay be used to comm and the dr ive to stop the spindle. Stop time is 20 seconds (maximum) from removal of DC power. SCSI stop time is 20 seconds. There is no power control switch on the drive.

4.4 Prefetch /m ulti-segmen te d cache contro l

The drive provides a prefetch (read look-ahead) and multi-segmented cache control algorithms that in many cases can enhance system performance. Cache refers to the drive buffer storage space when it is used in cache operations. To select this feature, the host sends the Mode Select command with the proper values in the applicable bytes in page 08h. Prefetch and cache operations are independent features from the standpoint that each is enabled and disabled independently using the Mode Select command; however, in actual operation, the prefetch feature overlaps cache operation somewhat as described in sections 4.5.1 and 4.5.2.

All default cache and prefetch mode parameter values (Mode Page 08h) for standard OEM versions of this drive family are given in Table 19.

4.5 Cache operation

Note. Refer to the SAS Interface Manual for more detail concerning the cache bits.

Of the 16 Mbytes physical buffer sp ace i n the drive, approxim atel y 13,0 00 kbytes can be used as a cache. The buffer is divided into logical segments from which data is read and to which data is written.

The drive keeps track of the logical block addresses of the data stored in each segment of the buffer. If the cache is enabled (see RCD bit in the SAS Interface Manual ), data req uested by the host w ith a rea d comm and is retrieved from the buf fe r, if possible, before any disc access is initiated . If cach e oper ation is not en abled, the buffer is still used, but only as circular buffer segments during disc medium read operations (disregarding Prefetch operation for the moment). That is, the drive does not check in the buffer segments for the requested read data, but goes directly to the medium to retrieve i t. The retrieved data merely passes through some buf fer segment on the way to the host. All data transfers to the host are in accordance with buffer-full ratio rules. See the explanation provided with the information about Mode Page 02h (disconnect/reconnect control) in the SAS Interface Manual.

The following is a simplified description of the prefetch/cache operation: Case A—read command is received and all of the requested logical blocks are already in the cache:

1. Drive transfers the requested logical blocks to the initiator.

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

Case B—A Read command requests data, and at least one requested logical block is not in any segment of the cache:

1. The drive fetches the requested logical blocks from the disc and transfers them into a segment, and then from there to the host in accordance with the Mode Select Disconnect/Reconnect parameters, page 02h.

2. If the prefetch feature is enabled, refer to section 4.5.2 for operation from this point.

Each cache segment is actually a self-contained circular buffer whose length is an integer number of logical blocks. The drive dynamically creates and removes segments based on the workload. The wrap-around capability of the individual segments greatly enhances the cache’s overall performance.

Note. The size of each segment is not reported by Mode Sense command page 08h, bytes 14 and 15.

The value 0XFFFF is always reported regardless of the actual size of the segment. Sending a size specification using the Mode Select command (bytes 14 and 15) does not set up a new segment size. If the STRICT bit in Mode page 00h (byte 2, bit 1) is set to one, the drive responds as it does for any attempt to change an unchangeable parameter.

4.5.1 Caching write data

Write caching is a write operation by the drive that makes use of a drive buffer storage area where the data to be written to the medium is stored while the drive performs the Write command.

If read caching is enabled (RCD=0), then data written to the medium is retained in the cache to be made available for future read cache hits. The same buffer space and segmentation is used as set up for read functions. The buffer segmentation scheme is set up or changed independently, having nothing to do with the state of RCD. When a write command is issued, if RCD=0, the cache is first checked to see if any logical blocks that are to be written are already stored in the cache from a previous read or write command. If there are, the respective cache segments are cleared. The new data is cached for subsequent Read commands.

If the number of write dat a logical blo cks excee d the size o f the segm ent b eing wr itten into, wh en th e en d of the segment is reached, the data is written i nto the b eginning of the same cache segment, overwriting the dat a that was written there at the beginning of the operation; however, the drive does not overwrite data that has not yet been written to the medium.

If write caching is enabled (WCE=1), then the drive may return Good status on a write command after the data has been transferred into the cache, but before the data has been written to the medium. If an error occurs while writing the data to the medium, and Good status has already been returned, a deferred error will be generated.

The Synchronize Ca che command may be used to force the drive to write all cached wri te dat a to the med ium. Upon completion of a Synchronize Cache command, all data received from previous write commands will have been written to the medium.

Table 19 shows the mode default settings for the drive.

4.5.2 Prefetch operation

If the Prefetch feature is enabled, data in contiguous logical blocks on the disc immediately beyond that which was requested by a Read command are retrieved and stored in the buffer for immediate transfer from the buffer to the host on subsequent Read commands that request those logical blocks (this is true even if cache operation is disabled). Though the prefetch operation uses the buffer as a cache, finding the requested data in the buffer is a prefetch hit, not a cache operation hit.

To enable Prefetch, use Mode Select page 08h, byte 12, bit 5 (Disable Read Ahead - DRA bit). DRA bit = 0 enables prefetch.

The drive does not use the Max Prefetch field (bytes 8 and 9) or the Prefetch Ceiling field (bytes 10 and 11).

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

When prefetch (read look-ahead) is enabled (enabled by DRA = 0), the drive enables prefetch of contiguous blocks from the disc when it senses that a prefetch hit will likely occur. The drive disables prefetch when it decides that a prefetch hit is not likely to occur.

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

5.0 Reliability specifications

The following reliability specifications assume correct host and drive operational interface, including all interface timings, power supply voltages, environmental requirements and drive mounting constraints.

Seek error rate: Less than 10 errors in 108 seeks Read Error Rates

Recovered Data Less than 1 error in 1012 bits transferred (OEM default settings) Unrecovered Data Less than 1 sector in 1016 bits transferred

Miscorrected Data Less than 1 sector in 1021 bits transferred Interface error rate: Less than 1 error in 1012 bits transferred Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF): 1,600,000 hours Annualized Failure Rate (AFR): 0.55% Preventive maintenance: None required

1. Error rate specified with automatic retries and data correction with ECC enabled and all flaws reallocated.

5.1 Error rates

The error rates stated in this manual assume the following:

• The drive is operated in accordance with this manual using DC power as defined in paragraph 6.2, "DC power requirements."

• Errors caused by host system failures are excluded from error rate computations.

• Assume random data.

• Default OEM error recovery settings are applied. This includes AWRE, ARRE, full read retries, full write retries and full retry time.

5.1.1 Recoverable Errors

Recovereable errors are those detected and corrected by the drive, and do not require user intervention. Recoverable Data errors will use correction, although ECC o n-the-fly is not considered fo r purposes o f recov-

ered error specifications. Recovered Data error rate is determined using read bits transferred for recoverable errors occurring during a

read, and using write bits transferred for recoverable errors occurring during a write.

5.1.2 Unrecoverable Errors

An unrecoverable data error is defined as a failure of the drive to recover data from the media. These errors occur due to head/media or write problems. Unrecoverable data errors are only detected during read operations, but not caused by the read. If an unrecoverable data error is detected, a MEDIUM ERROR (03h) in the Sense Key will be reported. Multiple unrecoverable data errors resulting from the same cause are treated as 1 error.

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

5.1.3 Seek errors

A seek error is defined as a failure of the drive to position the heads to the addressed track. After detecting an initial seek error, the drive automaticall y perf orms an error recovery process. If the error recover y process fails, a seek positioning error (Error code = 15h or 02h) will be reported with a Hardware error (04h) in the Sense Key. Recoverable seek errors are specified at Less than 10 errors in 108 seeks. Unrecoverable seek errors (Sense Key = 04h) are classified as drive failures.

5.1.4 Interface errors

An interface error is defined as a failure of the receiver on a port to recover the data as transmitted by the device port connected to the receiver. The error may be detected as a running disparity error, illegal code, loss of word sync, or CRC error.

5.2 Reli ab ilit y and servi ce

You can enhance the reliability of Savvio disc drives by ensuring that the drive receive s adequ ate coo ling. S ection 6.0 provides temperature measurements and other information that may be used to enhance the service life of the drive. Section 8.2 provides recommended ai r-f low information.

5.2.1 Annualized Failure Rate (AFR) and Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF)

The production disc drive shall achieve an AFR of 0.55% (MTBF of 1,600,000 hours) when operated in an environment that en sure s the H DA case temp erat ures do no t exceed the values specified in Section 6.4. Operation at case temperatures outside the specifications in Section 6.4 may increase the product AFR (decrease the MTBF). The AFR (MTBF) is a population statistic not relevant to individual units.

The AFR (MTBF) specification is based on the following assumptions for Enterprise Storage System environments:

• 8,760 power-on hours per year.

• 250 average on/off cycles per year.

• Operations at nominal vo ltages.

• Systems will provide adequate cooling to ensure the case temperatures specified in Section 6.4 are not exceeded. Temperatures outside the specifications in Section 6.4 will increase the product AFR and decrease the MTBF.

5.2.2 Preventive mainte nan ce

No routine scheduled preventive maintenance is required.

5.2.3 Hot plugging the drive

When a disc is powered on by switching the power or hot plugged, the drive runs a self test before attempting to communicate on its’ interfaces. When the self test completes successfully, the drive initiates a Link Reset starting with OOB. An attached device should respond to the link reset. If the link reset attempt fails, or any time the drive looses sync, the drive initiated link reset. The drive will initiate link reset once per second but alternates between port A and B. Therefore each port will attempt a link reset once per 2 seconds assuming both ports are out of sync..

If the self-test fails, the drive does not respond to link reset on the failing port. Note. It is the responsibility of the systems integrator to assure that no temperature, energy, voltage haz-

ard, or ESD potential hazard is presented during the hot connect/disconnect operation. Discharge the static electricity from the drive carrier prior to inserting it into the system.

Caution. The drive motor must come to a com pl ete s top pr ior to ch angi ng the pla ne of o pera ti on. T his time i s

required to insure data integrity.

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

5.2.4 S.M.A.R.T.

S.M.A.R.T. is an acronym for Self-Monitoring Analysis and Reporting Technology. This technology is intended to recognize conditions that indicate imminent drive failure and is designed to provide sufficient warning of a failure to allow you to back up the data before an actual failure occurs.

Note. The drive’ s f irmwar e moni tor s specific attr ibutes for degr adatio n ove r tim e b ut can ’ t predi ct in sta nt a-

neous drive failures.

Each monitored attribute has been selected to monitor a specific set of failure conditions in the operating performance of the drive and the thresholds are optimized to minimize “false” and “failed” predi ctions.

Controlling S.M.A.R.T.

The operating mode of S.M.A.R. T. is controlled by the DEXCPT and PERF bits on the Informational Exce ptions Control mode page (1Ch). Use the DEXCPT bit to enable or disable the S.M.A.R.T. feature. Setting the DEXCPT bit disables all S.M.A.R.T. functions. When enab led, S .M. A.R.T. collects on -line d ata as the drive p erfor ms normal read and write operations. When the PERF bit is set, the drive is considered to be in “On-line Mode Only” and will not perform off-line functions.

You can measure off-line attributes and force the drive to save the data by using the Rezero Unit command. Forcing S.M.A.R.T. resets the timer so that the next scheduled interrupt is in two hours.

You can interrogate the drive through th e host t o dete rmine the time remaining b efore the ne xt schedu l ed me asurement and d at a logg i ng p rocess occur s . To accomplish this, i ssue a Log Sense command to log page 0x3E. This allows you to control when S.M.A.R.T. interruptions occur. Forcing S.M.A.R.T. with the RTZ command resets the timer.

Performance impact

S.M.A.R.T. attribute data is saved to the disc so that the events that caused a predictive failure can be recreated. The drive measures and saves parameters once every two hours subject to an idle period on the drive interfaces. The process of measuring off-line attribute data and saving data to the disc is uninterruptable. The maximum on-line only processing delay is summarized below:

Maximum processing delay

S.M.A.R.T. delay times

On-line only delay DEXCPT = 0, PERF = 1

220 milliseconds

Fully-enabled delay DEXCP T = 0, PE R F = 0

455 milliseconds

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

Reporting control

Reporting is controlled by the MRIE bits in the Informational Exceptions Control mode page (1Ch). Subject to the reporting method, the firmware will issue to the host an 01-5Dxx sense code. The error code is preserved through bus resets and power cycles.

Determining rate

S.M.A.R.T. monitors the rate at which errors occur and si gna ls a predi ctive fai lure if the rat e of degrad ed err ors increases to an unacceptabl e level. To determine rate, error events are logged and com pa red to the num ber of total operations for a given attribute. The interval defines the number of operations over which to measure the rate. The counter that keeps track of the current number of operations is referred to as the Interval Counter.

S.M.A.R.T. measures error rates. All errors for each monitored attribute are recorded. A counter keeps track of the number of errors for the current interval. This counter is referred to as the Failure Counter.

Error rate is the number of errors per oper ation. The algori thm tha t S .M.A.R .T. uses to record rate s of err or i s to set thresholds for the number of errors and their interval. If the number of errors exceeds the threshold before the interval expires, the error rate is considered to be unacceptable. If the number of errors does not exceed the threshold before the interval expires, the error rate is considered to be acceptable. In either case, the interval and failure counters are reset and the process starts over.

Predictive failures

S.M.A.R.T. signals predictive failures when the drive is performing unacceptably for a period of time. The firmware keeps a running count of the number of times the error rate for each attribute is unacceptable. To accomplish this, a counter is incremented each time the error rate is unacceptable and decremented (not to exceed zero) whenever the error rate is acceptable. If the counter continually increments such that it reaches the predictive threshold, a predictive failure is signaled. This counter is referred to as the Failure History Counter. There is a separate Failure History Counter for each attribute.

5.2.5 Thermal monitor

Savvio drives implement a temperature warning system which:

1. Signals the host if the temperature exceeds a value which would threaten the drive.

2. Signals the host if the temperature exceeds a user-specified value.

3. Saves a S.M.A.R.T. data frame on the drive which exceeds the threatening temperature value.

A temperature sensor monitors the drive temperature and issues a warning over the interface when the temperature exceeds a set threshold. The temperature is measured at power-up and then at ten-minute intervals after power-up.

The thermal monitor system generates a warning code of 01-0B01 when the temperature exceeds the specified limit in compliance with the SCSI standard. The drive temperature is reported in the FRU code field of mode sense dat a. You can use this infor matio n to deter mine if the warning i s due to t he tem per atur e excee ding the drive threatening temperature or the user-specified temperature.

This feature is controlled by the En able W a rni ng (EWasc) bit, and the reporting mechanism is controlled by the Method of Reporting Informational Exceptions field (MRIE) on the Informational Exceptions Control (IEC) mode page (1Ch).

The current algorithm implements two temperature trip points. The first trip point is set at 65°C which is the maximum temperature limit according to the drive specification. The second trip point is user-selectable using the Log Select command. The reference temperature parameter in the temperature log page (see Table 11)

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

can be used to set this trip poi n t. The defau lt value for thi s drive is 6 5°C, howeve r, you can set it to any value in the range of 0 to 65°C. If you specify a temperature greater than 65°C in this field, the temperature is rounded down to 65°C. A sense code is sent to the host to indicate the rounding of the parameter field.

Table 11: Temperature Log Page (0Dh)

Parameter Code Description

0000h 0001h

Primary Temperature Reference Temperature

5.2.6 Drive Self Test (DST)

Drive Self Test (DST) is a technology designed to recognize drive fault conditions that qualify the drive as a failed unit. DST validates the functionality of the drive at a system level.

There are two test coverage options implemented in DST:

1. Extended test

2. Short text The most thorough option is the extended test that performs various tests on the drive and scans every logical

block address (LBA) of the drive. The short test is time-restricted and limited in length—it does not scan the entire media surface, but does some fundamental tests and scans portions of the media.

If DST encounters an error during either of these tests, it reports a fault condition. If the drive fails the test, remove it from service and return it to Seagate for service.

5.2.6.1 DST failure definition

The drive will present a “diagnostic failed” condition through the self-tests results value of the diagnostic log page if a functional failure is encountered during DST. The channel and servo parameters are not modified to test the drive more stringently, and the number of retries are not reduced. All retries and recovery processes are enabled during the test. If data is recoverable, no fa ilure condition will be reported regardless of the number of retries required to recover the data.

The following conditions are considered DST failure conditions:

• Seek error after retries are exhausted

• Track-follow error after retries are exhausted

• Read error after retries are exhausted

• Write error after retries are exhausted Recovered errors will not be reported as diagnostic failures.

5.2.6.2 Implementation

This section provides all of the information necessary to implement the DST function on this drive.

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

5.2.6.2.1 State of the drive prior to testing

The drive must be in a ready state before issuing the Send Diagnostic command. There are multiple reasons why a drive may not be ready, some of which are valid conditio ns, and not erro rs. For example, a drive may be in process of doing a form at, or anothe r D ST. It is the responsibility o f the ho st applic atio n to det erm ine the “ not ready” cause.

While not technically part of DST, a Not Ready condition also qualifies the drive to be returned to Seagate as a failed drive.

A Drive Not Ready condition is reported by the drive under the following conditions:

• Motor will not spin

• Motor will not lock to speed

• Servo will not lock on track

• Drive cannot read configuration tables from the disc

In these conditions, the drive responds to a Test Unit Ready command with an 02/04/00 or 02/04/03 code.

5.2.6.2.2 Invoking DST

To invoke DST, submit the Send Diagnostic command with the appropriate Function Code (001b for the short test or 010b for the extended test) in bytes 1, bits 5, 6, and 7.

5.2.6.2.3 Short and extended tests

DST has two testing options:

1. short

2. extended

These testing options are described in the following two subsections. Each test consists of three segments: an electrical test segment, a servo test segment, and a read/verify scan

segment.

Short test (Function Code: 001b)

The purpose of the short test is to provide a time-limited test that tests as much of the drive as possible within 120 seconds. The short test does not scan the entire media surface, but does some fundamental tests and scans portions of the media. A complete rea d/ver ify scan is not per formed and onl y factu al failu res will report a fault condition. This option provides a quick confidence test of the drive.

Extended test (Function Code: 010b)

The objective of the extended test option is to empirically test critical drive components. For example, the seek tests and on-track operations test the positioning mechanism. The read operation tests the read head element and the media surface. The write element is tested through read/write/read operations. The integrity of the media is checked through a read/verify scan of the media. Motor functionality is tested by default as a part of these tests.

The anticipated length of the Extended test is reported through the Control Mode page.

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

5.2.6.2.4 Log page entries

When the drive begins DST, it creates a new entry in the Self-test Results Log page. The new entry is created by inserting a new self-te st parameter block a t the beginning of t he se lf-test results log p a ram eter section of the log page. Existing data will be moved to make room for the new parameter block. The drive reports 20 parameter blocks in the log p ag e. If th ere are more than 20 p ar amet er blocks, the least r ecent p a rame ter block will be deleted. The new parameter block will be initialized as follows:

1. The Function Code field is set to the same value as sent in the DST command

2. The Self-Test Results Value field is set to Fh

3. The drive will store the log page to non-volatile memory After a self-test is complete or has been aborted, the drive updates the Self-Test Results Value field in its Self-

Test Results Log page in non-volatile memory. The host may use Log Sense to read the results from up to the last 20 self-tests performed by the drive. The self-test results value is a 4-bit field that reports the results of the test. If the field is set to zero, the drive passed with no errors detected by the DST. If the field is not set to zero, the test failed for the reason reported in the field.

The drive will report the failure condition and LBA (if applicable) in the Self-test Results Log parameter. The Sense key, ASC, ASCQ, and FRU are used to report the failure condition.

5.2.6.2.5 Abort

There are several ways to abort a diagnostic. You can use a SCSI Bus Reset or a Bus Device Reset message to abort the diagnostic.

You can abort a DST executing in background mode by using the abort code in the DST Function Code field. This will cause a 01 (self-test aborted by the application client) code to appear in the self-test results values log. All other abort mechanisms will be reported as a 02 (self-test routine was interrupted by a reset condition).

5.2.7 Product warranty

Beginning on the date of shipment to the customer and continuing for the period specified in your purchase contract, Seagate warrants that each product (including components and subassemblies) that fails to function properly under no rmal use due to defect in m ater ials or workmanship or due to no nconfo rma nce to the applicable specifications will be repaired or replace d, at Seag ate’s option and at no charge to the custo mer, if returned by customer at customer’s expense to Seagate’s designated facility in accordance with Seagate’s warranty procedure. Seagate will pay for transporting the repair or replacement item to the customer. For more detailed warranty information, refer to the standard terms and conditions of purchase for S eaga te prod uct s on your pur chase documentation.

The remaining warranty for a particular drive can be determined by calling Seagate Customer Service at 1-800-468-3472. You can also determine remaining warranty using the Seagate web site (www.seagate.com). The drive serial number is required to determine remaining warranty information.

Shipping

When transporting or shipping a drive, use only a Seagate-approved container. Keep your original box. Seagate approved containers are easily identified by the Seagate Approved Package label. Shippi ng a drive in a non-approved container voids the drive warranty.

Seagate repair centers may refuse receipt of components improperly packaged or obviously damaged in transit. Contact your authorized Seagate distributor to purchase additional boxes. Seagate recommends shipping by an air-ride carrier experienced in handling computer equipment.

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

Product repair and return information

Seagate customer service centers are the only facilities authorized to service Seagate drives. Seagate does not sanction any third-party repair facilities. Any unauthorized repair or tampering with the factory seal voids the warranty.

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

6.0 Physical/electrical specifications

This section provides information relating to the physical and electrical characteristics of the drive.

6.1 AC power re quirements

None.

6.2 DC power re quirements

The voltage and current requirements for a single drive are shown below. Values indicated apply at the drive connector.

T a ble 12: ST9146802SS DC power requirements

ST9146802SS

1.5 Gbit mode

Notes

Voltage +5V +12V [2] +5V +12V [2] Regulation [5] ±5% ±5% [2] ±5% ±5% [2] Avg idle current DCX [1] [7] 0.79 0.15 0.77 0.15 Maximum starting current

(peak DC) DC 3σ [3] 0.87 1.59 0.85 1.59

(peak AC) AC 3σ [3] 1.22 2.01 1.43 2.02 Delayed motor start (max) DC 3σ [1] [4] 0.65 0.02 0.68 0.03 Operating current: Typical DCX [1] [6] 0.76 0.37 0.79 0.39 Maximum DC 3σ [1] 0.78 0.40 0.83 0.43 Maximum (peak) DC 3σ 1.34 1.19 1.41 1.21

Gen 3.5 LPSS measured data (latest available) plus 12V max start current margins of .15A for DC and .20A for AC. All others have 10% margin added.

(Amps) (Amps) (Amps) (Amps)

ST9146802SS

3.0 Gbit mode

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

T a ble 13: ST973402SS DC power requirements

ST973402SS

1.5 Gbit mode

Notes

Voltage +5V +12V [2] +5V +12V [2] Regulation [5] ±5% ±5% [2] ±5% ±5% [2] Avg idle current DCX [1] [7] 0.81 0.13 0.79 0.12 Maximum starting current

(peak DC) DC 3σ [3] 0.88 1.38 0.87 1.38

(peak AC) AC 3σ [3] 1.25 1.91 1.36 1.91 Delayed motor start (max) DC 3σ [1] [4] 0.66 0.03 0.69 0.03 Operating current: Typical DCX [1] [6] 0.65 0.31 0.81 0.34 Maximum DC 3σ [1] 0.79 0.37 0.84 0.39 Maximum (peak) DC 3σ 1.41 1.17 1.43 1.17

Gen 3.5 LPSS measured data (latest available) plus 12V max start current margins of .15A for DC and .20A for AC. All others have 10% margin added.

(Amps) (Amps) (Amps) (Amps)

ST973402SS

3.0 Gbit mode

[1] Measured with average reading DC ammeter. Instantaneous +12V current peaks will exceed these val-

ues. Power supply at nominal voltage. N (number of drives tested) = 6, 35 Degrees C ambient.

[2] For +12 V, a –10% tolerance is allowed during initial spindle start but must return to ±5% before reaching

9,936 RPM. The ±5% must be maintained after the drive signifies that its power-up sequence has been

completed and that the drive is able to accept selection by the host initiator.

[3] See +12V current profile in Figure 2. [4] This condition occurs after OOB and Speed Negotiation completes but before the drive has received the

Notify Spinup primitive.

[5] See paragraph 6.2.1, "Conducted noise immunity." Specified voltage tolerance includes ripple, noise, and

transient response.

[6] Operating condition is defined as random 8 block reads. [7] During idle, the drive heads are relocated every 60 seconds to a random location within the band from

three-quarters to maximum track.

General DC power requirement notes.

1. Minimum current loading for each supply voltage is not less than 1.7% of the maximum operating current shown.

2. The +5V and +12V supplies should employ separate ground returns.

3. Where power is provided to multiple drives from a common supply, careful consideration for individual drive power requirements should be noted. Where multiple units are powered on simultaneously, the peak starting current must be available to each device.

4. Parameters, other than spindle start, are measured after a 10-minute warm up.

5. No terminator power.

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

6.2.1 Conducted noise immunity

Noise is specified as a periodic and random distribution of frequencies covering a band from DC to 10 MHz. Maximum allowed noise values given below are peak-to-peak measurements and apply at the drive power connector.

+5v = 250 mV pp from 0 to 100 kHz to 20 MHz. +12v = 800 mV pp from 100 Hz to 8 KHz.

450 mV pp from 8 KHz to 20 KHz. 250 mV pp from 20 KHz to 5 MHz.

6.2.2 Power sequencing

The drive does not require power sequencing. The drive protects against inadvertent writing during power-up and down.

6.2.3 Current profiles

The +12V and +5V current profiles for the ST9146802SS and ST973402SS models are shown below.

Figure 2. ST9146802SS current profile

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

Figure 3. ST973402SS current profile

Note: All times and currents are typical. See Tables 12 and 13 for maximum current requirements.

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

6.3 Power dissipation

ST9146802SS in 3 Gbit operation

Typical power dissipation under idle conditions in 3Gb operation is 5.18 watts (17.68 BTUs per hour). To obtain operating power for typical random read operations, refer to the following I/O rate curve (see Figure

4). Locate the typical I/O rate for a drive in your system on the horizontal axis and read the corresponding +5 volt current, +12 volt current, and total watts on the vertical axis. To calculate BTUs per hour, multiply watts by

3.4123.

ST9146802SS CURRENT/POWER vs THROUGHPUT (SAS - 3.0GB)

1.400

1.200

Random 8 Block Reads

14 . 0 0

12 . 0 0

5Volt A 12 V o l t A Watts

1.000

0.800

0.600

Amperes

0.400

0.200

0.000

0.0 50.0 100.0 150.0 200.0 250.0 300.0 350.0

10 . 0 0

8.00

6.00

4.00

2.00

0.00

Power (watts)

I/Os per Second

Figure 4. ST9146802SS (3 Gbit) DC current and power vs. input/output operations per second

ST973402SS in 3 Gbit operation

Typical power dissipation under idle conditions in 3Gb operation is 5.14 watts (17.54 BTUs per hour). To obtain operating power for typical random read operations, refer to the following I/O rate curve (see Figure

3.4123.

ST 973402SS C URR ENT/ P O WE R v s T H ROUGHPUT (SA S - 3. 0GB)

1.4 0 0

1.2 0 0

Random 8 Block Reads

14. 0 0

12. 0 0

5Volt A 12 V o l t A Watts

1.0 0 0

0.800

0.600

Amperes

0.400

0.200

0.000

0.0 50.0 100.0 150.0 200.0 250.0 300.0 350.0

Figure 5. ST973402SS (3 Gbit) DC current and power vs. input/output operations per second

I/Os per Second

10. 0 0

8.00

6.00

4.00

2.00

0.00

Power (watts)

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

6.4 Environmental limits

Temperature and humidity values experienced by the drive must be such that condensation does not occur on any drive part. Altitude and atmospheric pressure specifications are referenced to a standard day at 58.7°F (14.8°C). Maximum wet bulb temperature is 82°F (28°C).

6.4.1 Temperature

a. Operating

With cooling designed to maintain the case temperatures, the drive meets all specifications over a 41°F to 131°F (5°C to 55°C ) dr ive amb ie nt tem pera ture rang e wi th a m aximum temp erat ure g radi e nt of 36 °F (2 0°C) per hour. The enclosure for the drive should be designed such that these temperatures not exceeded. Air flow may be needed to achieve these temperature values (see Section 8.2). Operation at case temperatures above these values may adversely affect the drives ability to meet specifications.

The MTBF specification for the drive is based on operating in an environment that ensures that the case temperatures are not exceeded. Occasional excursions to drive ambient temperatures of 131°F (55°C) or 41°F (5°C) may occur without impact to specified MTBF. Air flow may be needed to achieve these temperatures. Continual or sustained operation at case temperatures above these values may degrade MTBF. The maximum allowable continuous or sustained HDA case temperature for the rated MTBF is 122°F (50°C).

To confirm that the required cooling for the electronics and HDA is provided, place the drive in its final mechanical configuration, perform random write/read operations. After the temperatures stabilize, measure the case temperature of the drive.

The maximum allowable HDA case temperature is 60°C. Operation of the drive at the maximum case temperature is intended for short time periods only. Continuous operation at the elevated temperatures will reduce product reliability .

b. Non-operating

–40° to 158°F (–40° to 70°C) package ambient with a maximum gradient of 36°F (20°C) per hour. This specification assum es th at th e dr iv e is p ackaged in the shipping cont ain er desi gne d by Seagate for use w ith drive.

HDA Temp. Check Point

Figure 6. Location of the HDA temperature check point

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

6.4.2 Relative humidity

The values below assume that no condensation on the drive occurs. a. Operating

5% to 95% non-condensing relative humidity with a maximum gradient of 20% per hour.

b. Non-operating

5% to 95% non-condensing relative humidity.

6.4.3 Effective altitude (sea level)

a. Operating

–200 to +10,000 feet (–60.96 to +3,048 meters)

b. Non-operating

–200 to +40,000 feet (–60.96 to +12,210 meters)

6.4.4 Shock and vibration

Shock and vibration limits specified in this document are measured directly on the drive chassis. If the drive is installed in an enclosure to which the stated shock and/or vibration criteria is applied, resonances may occur internally to t he e nclosure resulting in drive m oveme nt i n excess of t he st at ed l im its. If t hi s situat i on is app ar ent, it may be necessary to modify the enclosure to minimize drive movement.

The limits of shock and vibration defined within this document are specified with the drive mounted by any of the four methods shown in Figure 7, and in accordance with the restrictions of Section 8.3. Orientation of the side nearest the LED may be up or down.

6.4.4.1 Shock

a. Operating—normal

The drive, as in sta lled for normal op erat ion, s hal l op erat e er ror fr ee wh ile sub je cted to in term i ttent shock not exceeding 15 Gs at a maximum duration of 11 msec (half sinewave). The drive, as installed for normal operation, shall operate error free while subjected to intermittent shock not exceeding 20 Gs at a maximum duration of 2 msec (half sinewave). Shock may be applied in the X, Y, or Z axis.

b. Operating—abnormal

Equipment, as installed for normal operation, does not incur physical damage while subjected to intermittent shock not exceeding 40 Gs at a maximum duration of 11 msec (half sinewave). Shock occurring at abnormal levels may promote degraded operational performance during the abnormal shock period. Specified operational performance will continue when normal operating shock levels resume. Shock may be applied in the X, Y, or Z axis. Shock is not to be repeated more than two times per second.

c. Non-operating

The limits of non-operating shock shall apply to all conditions of handling and transportation. This includes both isolated drives and integrated drives.

The drive subjected to nonrepetitive shock not exceeding 75 Gs at a maximum duration of 11 msec (half sinewave) shall not exhibit device damage or performance degradation. Shock may be applied in the X, Y, or Z axis.

The drive subjected to nonrepetitive shock not exceeding 300 Gs at a maximum duration of 2 msec (half sinewave) does not exhibit device damage or performance degradation. Shock may be applied in the X, Y, or Z axis.

The drive subjected to nonrepetitve shock not exceeding 200 Gs at a maximum duration of 0.5 msec (half sinewave) does not exhibit device damage or performance degradation. Shock may be applied in the X, Y, or Z axis.

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

d. Packaged

Disc drives shipped as loose load (not palletized) general freight will be packaged to withstand drops from heights as defined in the table below. For additional details refer to Seagate specifications 30190-001 (under 100 lbs/45 kg) or 30191-001 (over 100 lbs/45 Kg).

Package size Packaged/product weight Drop height

<600 cu in (<9,800 cu cm) Any 60 in (1524 mm) 600-1800 cu in (9,800-19,700 cu cm) 0-20 lb (0 to 9.1 kg) 48 in (1219 mm) >1800 cu in (>19,700 cu cm) 0-20 lb (0 to 9.1 kg) 42 in (1067 mm) >600 cu in (>9,800 cu cm) 20-40 lb (9.1 to 18.1 kg) 36 in (914 mm)

Drives packaged in single or multipacks with a gross weight of 20 pounds (8.95 kg) or less by Seagate for general freight shipment shall withstand a drop test from 48 inches (1,070 mm) against a concrete floor or equivalent.

Y X

Figure 7. Recomme nde d mounting

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

6.4.4.2 Vibration

a. Operating—normal

The drive as installed for normal operation, shall comply with the complete specified performance while subjected to continuous vibration not exceeding

1-500 Hz @ 0.5 G (zero to peak) Vibration may be applied in the X, Y, or Z axis. Operating normal translational random flat profile 10 - 400 Hz 0.4 GRMS

b. Operating—abnormal

Equipment as installed for normal operation shall not incur physical damage while subjected to periodic vibration not exceeding:

15 minutes of duration at major resonant frequency 10-500 Hz @ 1.5 G (X, Y, or Z axis)

Vibration occurring at these levels may degrade operational performance during the abnormal vibration period. Specified operational performance will continue when normal operating vibration levels are resumed. This assumes system recovery routines are available.

Operating abnormal translational random flat profile 10 - 500 Hz 1.2 GRMS

c. Non-operating

The limits of non-operating vibration shall apply to all conditions of handling and transportation. This includes both isolated drives and integrated drives.

The drive shall not incur physical damage or degraded performance as a result of continuous vibration not exceeding

5-22 Hz @ 0.040 inches (1.02 mm) displacement (zero to peak)

20-500 Hz @ 3.0 G (zero to peak) Vibration may be applied in the X, Y, or Z axis. Non-operating translational random flat profile 10 - 500 Hz 1.2 GRMS

6.4.5 Air cleanliness

The drive is designed to operate in a typical office environment with minimal environmental control.

6.4.6 Corrosive environment

Seagate electronic drive components pass accelerated corrosion testing equivalent to 10 years exposure to light industrial environments containing sulfurous gases, chlorine and nitric oxide, classes G and H per ASTM B845. However, this accelerated testing cannot duplicate every potential application environment.

Users should use caution exposing any electronic components to uncontrolled chemical pollutants and corrosive chemicals as electr onic dr i ve com ponen t reliab ilit y can be af fecte d by th e i nst allation environment. Th e si l- ver, copper, nickel and gold films used in Seagate products are especially sensitive to the presence of sulfide, chloride, and nitr ate c ont ami na nt s. S ulfur is found to be the m ost dam aging . In ad di tion, e lectron i c comp onent s should never be exposed to condensing water on the surface of the printed circuit board assembly (PCBA) or exposed to an am bient rel at ive hum idity gr eate r th an 9 5%. Mat erial s used in cabin et fa bri cation , such as vulcanized rubber, that can outgas corrosive compounds sshould be minimized or eliminated. The useful life of any electronic equipment may be extended by replacing materials near circuitry with sulfide-free alternatives.

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

6.4.7 Acoustics

Sound power during idle mode shall be 3.1 bels typical when measured to ISO 7779 specification. There will not be any discrete tones more than 10 dB above the masking noise on typical drives when mea-

sured according to Seagate specification 30553-001. There will not be any tones more than 24 dB above the masking noise on any drive.

6.4.8 Electromagn etic susc ept ibili ty

See Section 2.1.1.1.

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

6.5 Mechanical specifications

The following nominal dimensions are exclusive of the decorative front panel accessory. However, dimensions of the front panel are shown in figure below. Refer to Figure 8 for detailed mounting configuration dimensions. See Section 8.3, “Drive mounting.”

Height: 0.583 in 14.8 mm Width: 2.76 in 70 mm Depth: 3.957 in 100.5 mm Weight: 0.50 pounds 0.227 kilograms

Temperature Measurement Location

Figure 8. Mounting configuration dimensions

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

7.0 Defect and error management

Seagate continues to use innovative technologies to manage defects and errors. These technologies are designed to increase data integrity, perform drive self-maintenance, and validate proper drive operation.

SCSI defect and error management involves drive internal defect/error management and SAS system error considerations (errors in communications between the initiator and the drive). In addition, Seagate provides the following technologies used to increase data integrity and drive reliability:

• Background Media Scan (see Section 7.4)

• Media Pre-Scan (see Section 7.5)

• Deferred Auto-Reallocation (see Section 7.6)

• Idle Read After Write (see Section 7.7) The read error rates and specified storage capacities are not dependent on host (initiator) defect management

routines.

7.1 Drive internal defects/errors

During the initial drive format operation at the factory, media defects are identified, tagged as being unusable, and their locations recorded on the drive primary defects list (referred to as the “P’ list and also as the ETF defect list). At factory format time, these known defects are also reallocated, that is, reassigned to a new place on the medium and the location listed in the defects reallocation table. The “P” list is not altered after factory formatting. Locations of defects found and reallocated during error recovery procedures after drive shipment are listed in the “G” list (defects growth list). The “P” and “G” lists may be referenced by the initiator using the Read Defect Data command.

Details of the SCSI commands supported by the drive are described in the SAS Interface Manual. Also, more information on the drive Error Recovery philosophy is presented in the SAS Interface Manual.

7.2 Drive er ror recov ery procedures

When an error occurs du ri ng dr ive ope ration, the drive, if program med t o do so, pe rfor ms er ror recove ry pro cedures to attempt to reco ver the dat a. T he err or r ecover y proce dure s used depend on the options pre viously set in the Error Recovery Parameters mode page. Error recovery and defect management may involve using several SCSI commands described in the SAS Interface Manual. The drive implements selectable error recovery time limits required in video applications.

The error r ecover y sche me suppo rted by t he d ri ve p rovide s a way to contr ol th e to tal error recovery time for the entire command in addition to controlling the recovery level for a single LBA. The total amount of time spent in error recovery for a command can be limited using the Recovery Time Limit bytes in the Error Recovery mode page. The total amount of time spent in error recovery for a single LBA can be limited using the Read Retry Count or Write Retry Count bytes in the Error Recovery mode page.

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

The drive firmware error recovery algorithms consists of 11 levels for read recoveries and five levels for write. Each level may consist of multiple steps, where a step is defined as a recovery function involving a single reread or re-write attempt. The maximum level used by the drive in LBA recovery is determined by the read and write retry counts.

Table 14 equates the read and write retry count with the maximum possible recovery time for read and write recovery of individual LBAs. The times given do not include time taken to perform reallocations. Reallocations are performed when the ARRE bit (for reads) or AWRE bit (for writes) is one, the RC bit is zero, and the recovery time limit for the command has not yet been met. Time needed to perform reallocation is not counted against the recovery time limit.

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

When the RC bit is one, reallocations are disabled even if the ARRE or AWRE bits are one. The drive will still perform data recovery actions within the limits defined by the Read Retry Count, Write Retry Count, and Recovery Time Limit parameters. However, the drive does not report any unrecovered errors.

Table 14: Read and write retry count maximum recovery times

Maximum recovery time per

Read retry count

0 67.43 0 31.12 1 77.81 1 46.68 2 264.54 2 72.62 3 300.85 3 88.18 4 344.60 4 155.73 5 378.72 5 (default) 192.04 6 420.21 7 529.22 8 617.62 9 659.11 10 705.80 11 (default) 1693.67

LBA (cumulative, msec) Write retry count

Maximum recovery time per LBA (cumulative, msec)

Setting these retry counts to a value below the default setting could result in degradation of the unrecovered error rate. For example, suppo se the rea d/w rite re cover y pag e has the RC bit = 0, the read retr y count set to 4, and the recovery time limit set to 450. A 4-block read command can take up to 371 msec recovery time for each block and a maximum of 450 msec recovery for all four blocks. If either of these limits is reached and a block has not yet been recovered, the command will end with Check Condition status and an unrecoverable read error will be reported.

7.3 SAS system errors

Information on the reporting of operational errors or faults across the interface is given in the SAS Interface Manual. The SSP Response returns information to the host about numerous kinds of errors or faults. The

Receive Diagnostic Results reports the results of diagnostic operations performed by the drive. Status returned by the drive to the initiator is described in the SAS Interface Manual. Status reporting plays a

role in systems error management and its use in that respect is described in sections where the various commands are discussed.

7.4 Background Media Scan

Background Media Scan (BMS) is a self-initiated media scan. BMS is defined in the T10 document SPC-4 available from the T10 committee. BMS performs sequential reads across the entire pack of the media while the drive is idle. In RAID arrays, BMS allows hot spare drives to be scanned for defects prior to being put into service by the host system. On regular duty drives, if the host system makes use of the BMS Log Page, it can avoid placing data in suspect locations on the media. Unreadable and recovered error sites will be logged or reallocated per ARRE/AWRE settings.

With BMS, the host system can consume less power and system overhead by only checking BMS status and results rather th an tyi ng up th e bus a nd consu ming p ower i n the pr ocess o f host- initiated medi a scanning activ ity.

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

Since the backgr ound scan function s ar e o nl y don e d uring i dle p eriod s, B MS cau ses a neg lig ibl e imp a ct to sys tem performance. The first BMS scan for a newly manufactured drive is performed as quickly as possible to verify the media and protect data by setting the “Start time after idle” to 5ms, all subsequent scans begin after 500ms of idle time. Other features that normally use idle time to function will function normally because BMS functions for bursts of 800ms and then suspends activity for 100ms to allow other background functions to operate.

BMS interrupts immedi ately to service host com man ds from the inter face bus whi le pe rfor ming r eads. B MS will complete any BMS-initiated error recovery prior to returning to service host-initiated commands. Overhead associated with a return to host-servicing activity from BMS only impacts the first command that interrupted BMS, this results in a typical delay of about 1 ms.

7.5 Media Pr e- Scan

Media Pre-Scan is a feature that allows the drive to repair media errors that would otherwise have been found by the host system during critical data accesses early in the drive’s life. The default setting for Media Pre-Scan is enabled on standard products. Media Pre-Scan checks each write command to determine if the destination LBAs have been scanned by BMS. If the LBAs have been verified, the drive proceeds with the normal write command. If the LBAs have not been verified by BMS, Pre-Scan will convert the write to a write verify to certify that the data was properly written to the disc.

Note. During Pre-Scan write verify commands, write performance may decrease by 50% until Pre-Scan

completes. Write performance testing should be performed after Pre-Scan is complete. This may be checked by reading the BMS status.

To expedite the scan of the full pack and subsequently exit from the Pre-Scan period, BMS will begin scanning immediately when the drive goes to idle during the Pre-Scan period. In the event that the drive is in a high transaction traffic environment and is unable to complete a BMS scan within 24 power on hours BMS will disable Pre-Scan to restore full performance to the system.

7.6 Deferred Auto-Reallocation

Deferred Auto-Reallocation (DAR) simplifies reallocation algorithm s at the system leve l by allowing the drive to reallocate unreadable locations on a subsequent write command. Sites are marked for DAR during read operations performed by the drive. When a write command is received for an LBA marked for DAR, the auto-reallocation process is invoked and attempts to rewrite the data to the original location. If a verification of this rewrite fails, the sector is re-mapped to a spare location.

This is in contrast to the system having to use the Reassign Command to reassign a location that was unreadable and then generate a write command to rewrite the data. DAR is most effective when AWRE and ARRE are enabled—this is the default setting from the Seagate factory. With AWRE and ARRE disabled DAR is unable to reallocate the failing location and will report an error sense code indicating that a write command is being attempted to a previously failing location.

7.7 Idle Read After Write

Idle Read After Write (IRAW) utilizes idle time to verify the integrity of recently written data. During idle periods, no active system requests, the drive reads recently written data from the media and compares it to valid write command data resident in the drives data buffer. Any sectors that fail the comparison result in the invocation of a rewrite and auto-reallocation process. The process attempts to rewrite the data to the original location. If a verification of this rewrite fails, the sector is re-mapped to a spare location.

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

8.0 Installation

Savvio disc drive installation is a plug-and-play process. There are no jumpers, switches, or terminators on the drive.

SAS drives are designed to be used in a host system that provides a SAS-compatible backplane with bays designed to accomodate the drive. In such systems, the host system typically provides a carrier or tray into which you need to mou nt the drive . Mou nt th e drive to th e car rier or tr ay pr ovided by th e host system using four M3 x 0.5 metric screws. When tightening the screws, use a maximum torque of 4.5 in-lb +/- 0.45 in-lb. Do not over-tighten or force the screws. You can mount the drive in any orientation.

Note. SAS drives are designed to be attached to the host system without I/O or power cables. If you

intend the use the drive in a non-backplane host system, connecting the drive using high-quality

cables is acceptable as long as the I/O cable length does not exceed 4 meters (13.1 feet).

Slide the carrier or tray into the appropriate bay in your host system using the instructions provided by the host system. This connects the drive directly to your system’s SAS connector. The SAS connector is normally located on a SAS backpanel. See Section 9.4.1 for additional information about these connectors.

Power is supplied through the SAS connector. The drive is shipped from the factory low-level formatted in 512-byte logical blocks. You need to reformat the

drive only if you want to select a different logical block size.

Figure 9. Physical interface

8.1 Drive or ientat ion

The drive may be mounted in any orientation. All drive performance characterizations, however, have been done with the drive in horizontal (discs level) and vertical (drive on its side) orientations, which are the two preferred mounting orientations.

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

8.2 Cooling

Cabinet cooling must be designed by the customer so that the ambient temperature immediately surrounding the drive will not exceed temperature conditions specified in Section 6.4.1, "Temperature."

The rack, cabinet, or drawer environment for the drive must provide heat removal from the electronics and head and disc assembly (HDA). You should confirm that adequate heat removal is provided using the temperature measurement guidelines described in Section 6.4.1.

Forced air flow may be required to keep temperatures at or below the temperatures specified in Section 6.4.1 in which case the drive should be ori en ted, or air flow dire cted, so th at the lea st amount of air flow resistance is created while providing air flow to the electronics and HDA. Also, the shortest possible path between the air inlet and exit should be chosen to minimize the travel length of air heated by the drive and other heat sources within the rack, cabinet, or drawer environment.

If forced air is determined to be necessary, possible air-flow patterns are shown in Figure 10. The air-flow patterns are created by one or more fans, either forcing or drawing air as shown in the illustrations. Conduction, convection, or other forced air-flow patterns are acceptable as long as the temperature measurement guidelines of Section 6.4.1 are met.

Above un

ote. Air flows in the direction shown (back to front)

or in reverse direction (front to back)

Note. Air flows in the direction shown or in reverse direction (side to side)

Under uni

Above unit

Under unit

Figure 10 . Air flow

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

8.3 Drive mounting

Mount the drive usi ng the b ottom or side mo unting hol es. If you moun t the d rive u s ing the botto m ho les, ensure that you do not physically distort the drive by attempting to mount it on a stiff, non-flat surface.

The allowable mounting surface stiffness is 80 lb/in (14.0 N/mm). The following equation and paragraph define the allowable mounting surface stiffness:

K x X = F < 15lb = 67N

where K is the mounting surface stiffness (units in lb/in or N/mm) and X is the out-of-plane surface distortion (units in inches or millimeters). The out-of-plane distortion (X) is determined by defining a plane with three of the four mounting points fixed and evaluating the out-of-plane deflection of the fourth mounting point when a known force (F) is applied to the fourth point.

8.4 Grounding

Signal ground (PCBA) and HDA ground are connected together in the drive and cannot be separated by the user. The equipment in which the drive is mounted is connected directly to the HDA and PCBA with no electrically isolating shock mounts. If it is desired for the system chassis to not be connected to the HDA/PCBA ground, the systems integrator or user must provide a nonconductive (electrically isolating) method of mounting the drive in the host equipment.

Increased radiated emissions may result if you do not provide the maximum surface area ground connection between system ground and drive ground. This is the system designer’s and integrator’s responsibility.

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

9.0 Interface requirements

This section partially describes the interface requirements as implemented on Savvio drives. Additional information is provided in the SAS Interface Manual (part number 100293071).

9.1 SAS features

This section lists the SAS-specific features supported by Savvio drives.

9.1.1 task management functions

Table 15 lists the SAS task management functions supported.

Table 15: SAS task management functions supported

T ask name Supported

Abort Task Yes Clear ACA Yes Clear task set Yes Abort task set Yes Logical Unit Reset Yes Query Task Yes

9.1.2 task management responses

Table 16 lists the SAS response codes returned for task management functions supported.

Table 16: Task management response codes

Function na m e Response code

Function complete 00 Invalid frame 02 Function not supported 04 Function failed 05 Function succeeded 08 Invalid logical unit 09

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

9.2 Dual port support

Savvio SAS drives have two independent ports. These ports may be connected in the same or different SCSI domains. Each drive port has a unique SAS address.

The two ports run at the same link rate. The first port to successfully complete speed negotiation sets the link rate support by both ports. When the second port participates in speed negotiation, it indicates the only supported speed is the speed selected by the first port. If the first port to complete speed negotiation looses sync before the second port completes speed negotiation, both ports revert back to the power on condition of allowing either link rate (1.5 or 3.0 Gbits/sec).

Subject to buffer availability, the Savvio drives support:

• Concurrent port transfers—The drive supports receiving COMMAND, TASK management transfers on both ports at the same time.

• Full duplex—The drive supports sending XFER_RDY, DATA and RESPONSE transfers while receiving frames on both ports.

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

9.3 SCSI commands supported

Table 17 lists the SCSI commands supported by Savvio drives.

Table 17: Commands supported by Savvio SAS family drive

Command nam e Command code Supported

Change Definition 40h N Compare 39h N Copy 18h N Copy and Verify 3Ah N Format Unit [1] 04h Y DPRY bit supported N DCRT bit supported Y STPF bit supported Y IP bit supported Y DSP bit supported Y IMMED bit supported Y VS (vendor specific) N Inquiry 12h Y Date Code page (C1h) Y Device Behavior page (C3h) Y Firmware Numbers page (C0h) Y Implemented Operating Def page (81h) Y Jumper Settings page (C2h) Y Supported Vital Product Data page (00h) Y Unit Serial Number page (80h) Y Lock-unlock cache 36h N Log Select 4Ch Y PCR bit Y DU bit N DS bit Y TSD bit Y ETC bit N TMC bit N LP bit N Protocol-specific Log Page for SAS (18h) Y Log Sense 4Dh Y Application Client Log page (0Fh) Y Buffer Over-run/Under-run page (01h) N Cache Statis tics page (37h) Y Factory Log page (3Eh) Y Information Exceptions Log page (2Fh) N

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

Table 17: Commands supported by Savvio SAS family drive (continued)

Command nam e Command co de Supported

Last n Deferred Errors or Asynchronous Events page (0Bh) N Last n Error Events page (07h) N Non-medium Error page (06h) Y Pages Supported list (00h) Y Read Error Counter page (03h) Y Read Reverse Error Counter page (04h) N Self-test Results page (10h) Y Start-stop Cycle Counter page (0Eh) Y Temperature page (0Dh) Y Verify Error Counter page (05h) Y Write error counter page (02h) Y Mode Select (same pages as Mode Sense 1Ah) 15h Y [2] Mode Select (10) (same pages as Mode Sense 1Ah) 55h Y Mode Sense 1Ah Y [2] Caching Parameters page (08h) Y Control Mode page (0Ah) Y Disconnect/Reconnect (02h) Y Error Recovery page (01h) Y Format page (03h) Y Information Exceptions Control page (1Ch) Y Notch and Partition Page (0Ch) N Protocol-Specifi c Port page (19h) Y Power Condition page (1Ah) Y Rigid Disc Drive Geometry page (04h) Y Unit Attention page (00h) Y Verify Error Recovery page (07h) Y Xor Control page (10h) N Mode Sense (10) (same pages as Mode Sense 1Ah) 5Ah Y Persistent Reserve In 5Eh Y Persistent Reserve Out 5Fh Y Prefetch 34h N Read (6) 08h Y Read (10) 28h Y DPO bit supported Y FUA bit supported Y Read (12) A8h N Read (16) 88h N Read (32) 7Fh/0009h N Read Buffer (modes 0, 2, 3, Ah and Bh supported) 3Ch Y

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

Table 17: Commands supported by Savvio SAS family drive (continued)

Command nam e Command co de Supported

Read Capacity (10) 25h Y Read Capacity (16) 9Eh/10h N Read Defect Data (10) 37h Y Read Defect Data (12) B7h Y Read Long 3Eh Y Read Long (16) 9Eh/11h N Reassign Blocks 07h Y Receive Diagnostic Results 1Ch Y Supported Diagnostics pages (00h) Y Translate page (40h) Y Release 17h Y Release (10) 57h Y Report LUNs A0h Y Request Sense 03h Y Actual Retry Count bytes Y Extended Sense Y Field Pointer bytes Y Reserve 16h Y 3rd Party Reserve Y Extent Reservation N Reserve (10) 56h Y 3rd Party Reserve Y Extent Reservation N Rezero Unit 01h Y Search Data Equal 31h N Search Data High 30h N Search Data Low 32h N Seek (6) 0Bh Y Seek (10) 2Bh Y Send Diagnostics 1Dh Y Supported Diagnostics pages (00h) Y Translate page (40h) Y Set Limits 33h N Start Unit/Stop Unit (spindle ceases rotating) 1Bh Y Synchronize Cache 35h Y Synchronize Cache (16) 91h N Test Unit Ready 00h Y Verify (10) 2Fh Y BYTCHK bit Y

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

Table 17: Commands supported by Savvio SAS family drive (continued)

Command nam e Command co de Supported

Verify (12) AFh N Verify (16) AFh N Verify (32) 7Fh/000Ah N Write (6) 0Ah Y Write (10) 2Ah Y DPO bit Y FUA bit Y Write (12) AAh N Write (16) 8Ah N Write (32) 7Fh/000Bh N Write and Verify (10) 2Eh Y DPO bit Y Write and Verify (12) AEh N Write and Verify (16) 8Eh N Write and Verify (32) 7Fh/000Ch N Write Buffer (modes 0, 2, supported) 3Bh Y Firmware Download option

(modes 5, 7, Ah and Bh supported) [3] Write Long (10) 3Fh Y Write Long (16) 9Fh/11h N Write Same (10) 41h Y PBdata N LBdata N Write Same (16) 93h N Write Same (32) 7Fh/000Dh N XDRead 52h N XDWrite 50h N XPWrite 51h N

[1] Savvio drives can format to 512, 520, or 528 bytes per logical block. [2] Warning. P ower loss during flash programming can result in firmware corruption. This usually makes the

drive inoperable. [3] Reference Mode Sense command 1Ah for mode pages supported. [4] Y = Yes. Command is supported.

N = No. Command is not supported.

A = Support is available on special request.

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

9.3.1 Inquiry data

Table 18 lists the Inquiry command data that the drive should return to the initiator per the format given in the SAS Interface Manual.

Table 18: Savvio inquiry data

Bytes Data (hex)

0-15 00 00 xx** 12 8B 00 PP 0A 53 45 41 47 41 54 45 20 Vendor ID 16-31 [53 54 39 31 34 36 38 30 32 53 53] 20 20 20 20 20 Product ID 32-47 R# R# R# R# S# S# S# S# S# S# S# S# 00 00 00 00 48-63 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 64-79 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 80-95 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 96-111 00 43 6F 70 79 72 69 67 68 74 20 28 63 29 20 32* *Copyright 112-127 30* 30* 36* 20 53 65 61 67 61 74 65 20 41 6C 6C 20 notice 128-143 72 69 67 68 74 73 20 72 65 73 65 72 76 65 64 20

* Copyright year (changes with actual year). ** SCSI Revision support. See the appropriate SPC release documention for definitions. PP 10 = Inquiry data for an Inquiry command received on Port A.

30 = Inquiry data for an Inquiry command received on Port B. R# Four ASCII digits representing the last four digits of the product firmware release number. S# Eight ASCII digits representing the eight digits of the product serial number. [ ] Bytes 16 through 26 reflect model of drive. The table above shows the hex values for Model ST9146802SS.

Refer to the values below for the values of bytes 16 through 26 of you particular model:

ST9146802SS 53 54 39 31 34 36 38 30 32 53 53

ST973402SS 53 54 39 37 33 34 30 32 53 53 20

9.3.2 Mode Sense data

The Mode Sense command provides a way for the drive to report its operating parameters to the initiator. The drive maintains four sets of mode parameters:

1. Default values

Default values are hard-coded in the drive firmware stored in flash E-PROM (nonvolatile memory) on the drive’s PCB. These default values can be changed only by downloading a complete set of new firmware into the flash E-PROM. An initiator can request and receive from the drive a list of default values and use those in a Mode Select command to set up new current and saved values, where the values are changeable.

2. Saved values

Saved values are stored on the drive’s media using a Mode Select command. Only parameter values that are allowed to be chang ed c an b e cha nged by th i s me thod. Pa ram eters in th e save d va lues l ist that are not changeable by the Mode Select command get their values from default values storage.

When power is applied to the drive, it takes saved values from the media and stores them as current values in volatile memory. It is not possible to change the current values (or the saved values) with a Mode Select command before the drive achieves operating speed and is “ready.” An attempt to do so results in a “Check Condition” status.

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

On drives requiring unique saved values, the required unique saved values are stored into the saved values storage location on the media prior to shipping the drive. Some drives may have unique firmware with unique default values also.

On standard OEM drives, the saved values are taken from the default values list and store d into the saved values storage location on the media prior to shipping.

3. Current values Current values are volatile values bei ng used by the driv e to contro l its operation. A Mod e S elect comm and

can be used to change the values identified as changeable values. Originally, current values are installed from saved or default values after a power on reset, hard reset, or Bus Device Reset message.

4. Changeable values Changeable values for m a bit mask, stored in no nvolatil e me mor y, that dictates which of the current values

and saved values can be changed by a Mode Select command. A one (1) indicates the value can be changed. A zero (0) indicates the value is not changeable. For example, in Table 19, refer to Mode page 81, in the row entitled “CHG.” These are hex numbers representing the changeable values for Mode page

81. Note in colu mns 5 and 6 ( bytes 0 4 an d 05) , th ere is 00h w hich ind ic ates th at in bytes 0 4 an d 05 none of the bits are changeable. Note also that bytes 06, 07, 09, 10, and 11 are not changeable, because those fields are all zeros. In byte 02 , hex val u e FF equates to the binary p attern 11111111. If there is a zero in any bit position in the field, it means that bit is not changeable. Since all of the bits in byte 02 are ones, all of these bits are changeable.

The changeable values list can only be changed by downloading new firmware into the flash E-PROM.

Note. Because there are often several dif feren t versi on s of dr ive contr ol firm ware in the total population of

drives in the field , the Mode Sense values given in the followi ng ta bles m ay not exactly m atch t hose of some drives.

The following table s list the values of the dat a bytes returned by the drive in response to the Mode Sense command pages for SCSI implementation (see the SAS Interface Manual ).

DEF = Default value. Standard OEM drives are shipped configured this way. CHG = Changeable bits; indicates if default value is changeable.

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

Table 19: Mode Sense data changeable and default values for ST9146802SS drives

MODE DATA HEADER: 03 fa 00 10 00 00 00 08

BLOCK DESCRIPTOR: 11 17 73 30 00 00 02 00

MODE PAGES: DEF 81 0a c0 0b ff 00 00 00 05 00 ff ff CHG 81 0a ff ff 00 00 00 00 ff 00 ff ff

DEF 82 0e 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 3a 00 00 00 00 CHG 82 0e 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ff ff 00 00 00 00

DEF 83 16 1e 3c 00 00 00 1c 00 00 03 03 02 00 00 01 00 6c 00 4e 40 00 00 00 CHG 83 16 00 00 00 00 ff ff 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00

DEF 84 16 01 08 fc 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 27 31 00 00 CHG 84 16 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00

DEF 87 0a 00 0b ff 00 00 00 00 00 ff ff CHG 87 0a 0f ff 00 00 00 00 00 00 ff ff

DEF 88 12 14 00 ff ff 00 00 ff ff ff ff 80 20 00 00 00 00 00 00 CHG 88 12 a5 00 00 00 ff ff ff ff 00 00 20 00 00 00 00 00 00 00

DEF 8a 0a 02 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 08 16 CHG 8a 0a 03 f0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00

DEF 18 06 06 00 00 00 00 00 CHG 18 06 00 00 00 00 00 00

DEF 99 06 06 00 07 d0 00 00 CHG 99 06 10 00 ff ff ff ff

DEF 9a 0a 00 02 00 00 00 05 00 00 00 04 CHG 9a 0a 00 03 ff ff ff ff 00 00 00 00

DEF 9c 0a 10 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 CHG 9c 0a 9d 0f ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff

DEF 80 06 00 80 0f 00 00 00 CHG 80 06 b7 c0 0f 00 00 00

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

Table 20: Mode Sense data changeable and default values for ST973402SS drives

MODE DATA HEADER: 03 fa 00 10 00 00 00 08

BLOCK DESCRIPTOR: 08 8b b9 98 00 00 02 00

MODE PAGES:

DEF 81 0a c0 0b ff 00 00 00 05 00 ff ff CHG 81 0a ff ff 00 00 00 00 ff 00 ff ff

DEF 82 0e 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 3a 00 00 00 00 CHG 82 0e 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ff ff 00 00 00 00

DEF 83 16 0f 1e 00 00 00 0e 00 00 03 03 02 00 00 01 00 6c 00 4e 40 00 00 00 CHG 83 16 00 00 00 00 ff ff 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00

DEF 84 16 01 08 fc 02 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 27 31 00 00 CHG 84 16 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00

DEF 87 0a 00 0b ff 00 00 00 00 00 ff ff CHG 87 0a 0f ff 00 00 00 00 00 00 ff ff

DEF 88 12 14 00 ff ff 00 00 ff ff ff ff 80 20 00 00 00 00 00 00 CHG 88 12 a5 00 00 00 ff ff ff ff 00 00 20 00 00 00 00 00 00 00

DEF 8a 0a 02 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 04 2e CHG 8a 0a 03 f0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00

DEF 18 06 06 00 00 00 00 00 CHG 18 06 00 00 00 00 00 00

DEF 99 06 06 00 07 d0 00 00 CHG 99 06 10 00 ff ff ff ff

DEF 9a 0a 00 02 00 00 00 05 00 00 00 04 CHG 9a 0a 00 03 ff ff ff ff 00 00 00 00

DEF 9c 0a 10 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 CHG 9c 0a 9d 0f ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff

DEF 80 06 00 80 0f 00 00 00 CHG 80 06 b7 c0 0f 00 00 00

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

9.4 Miscellaneous operating features and conditions

Table 21 lists various features and conditions. A “Y” in the support column indicates the feature or condition is supported. An “N” in the support column indicates the feature or condition is not supported.

T a ble 21: Miscell aneo us featur es

Supported Feature or condition

N Automatic contingent allegiance N Asynchronous event notification N Synchronized (locked) spindle operation Y Segmented caching N Zero latency read Y Queue tagging (up to 64 queue tags supported) Y Deferred error handling Y Parameter rounding (controlled by Round bit in Mode Select page 0) Y Reporting actual retry count in Extended Sense bytes 15, 16, and 17 N Adaptive caching Y SMP = 1 in Mode Select command needed to save RPL and rotational offset bytes

T a ble 22: Miscell aneo us st atu s

Supported Status

Y Good Y Check condition Y Condition met/good Y Busy Y Intermediate/good Y Intermediate/condition met/good Y Reservation conflict Y Task set full N ACA active N ACA active, faulted initiator

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

9.4.1 SAS physical interface

Figure 11 shows the location of the SAS devi ce conn ector J1. F igure s 12 and 13 pro vid e the dimen si ons of the SAS connector.

Details of the physical, electrical, and logical characteristics are provided within this section. The operational aspects of Seagate’s SAS drives are provided in the SAS Interface Manual..

Figure 11. Physical interface

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

0.80 (6X)

0.30 0.05 (2X)

2.00 (3X)

7.625.92

5.08

42.73 REF.

41.13 0.15

0.20

4.65

0.45 0.03 (7X)

0.10 M

0.52 0.08 x 45

1.10

4.00 0.08

0.15 D

0.30 0.05 (4X)

0.35MIN

C OF DATUM D

15.875

1.27 (14X)

P15

33.43 0.05

5.08

C OF DATUM B

15.875

1.27 (6X)

SEE Detail1

0.84 0.05 (22X)

R0.30 0.08 (4X)

0.15 B

4.90 0.08

Figure 12 . SAS device plug dime nsions

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

Detail A

SEE Detail 2

2.25 0.05

4.85 0.05

0.10 B

S14

6.10

CORING ALLOWED IN THIS AREA.

4.40 0.15

0.30 0.05 x 45 (5X)

0.40 0.05 X 45 (3X)

R0.30 0.08

1.95 0.08

3.90 0.15

1.23 0.05

0.08 0.05

SECTION A - A

0.08 0.05

Detail 2

0.35 0.05

CONTACT SURFACE FLUSH TO DATUM A 0.03

2.40 0.08

0.10 A

SECTION C - C

SECTION B - B

1.90 0.08

Figure 13. SAS device plug dimensions (detail)

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

9.4.2 Physical character istic s

This section defines physical interface connector.

9.4.3 Connector requirements

Contact your preferred connector manufacturer for mating part information. Part numbers for SAS connectors will be provided in a future revision of this publication when production parts are available from major connector manufacturers.

The SAS device connector is illustrated in Figures 12 and 13.

9.4.4 Electrical description

SAS drives use the device connector for:

• DC power

• SAS interface

• Activity LED This connector is designed to either plug directly into a backpanel or accept cables.

9.4.5 Pin descriptions

This section provides a pin-out of the SAS device and a description of the functions provided by the pins.

T able 23: SAS pin descri ptio ns

Pin Signal na m e Signal ty pe Pin Signal name Signal type

S1 Port A Ground P1* NC (reserved 3.3Volts) S2* +Port A_in Diff. input pair P2* NC (reserved 3.3Volts) S3* -Port A_in P3 NC (reserved 3.3Volts) S4 Port A Ground P4 Ground S5* -Port A_out Diff output pair P5 Ground S6* +Port A_out P6 Ground S7 Port A Ground P7 5 Volts charge S8 Port B Ground P8* 5 Volt s S9* +Port B_in Diff. input pair P9* 5 Volts S10* -Port B_in P10 Ground S11 Port A Ground P11* Ready LED Open collector out S12* -Port B_out Diff output pair P12 Ground S13* +Port B_out P13 12 Volts charge S14 Port B Ground P14* 12 Vol t s

* - Short pin to support hot plugging

P15* 12 Vol t s

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

NC - No connection in the drive.

9.4.6 SAS transmitters and receivers

A typical SAS differential copper transmitter and receiver pair is shown in Figure 14. The receiver is AC coupling to eliminate ground shift noise.

Transmitter

Figure 14. SAS transmitters and receivers

Differential

Transfer Medium

.01

Receiver

100100

9.4.7 Power

The drive receives power (+5 volts and +12 volts) through the SAS device connector. Three +12 volt pins provide power to the drive, 2 short and 1 long. The current return for the +12 volt power

supply is through the common ground pins. The supply current and return current must be distributed as evenly as possible among the pins.

Three +5 volt pins provide power to the drive, 2 short and 1 long. The current return for the +5 volt power supply is through the commo n groun d pins. Th e suppl y current and return current must be distributed as evenly as possible among the pins.

Current to the drive through the long power pins may be limited by the system to reduce inrush current to the drive during hot plugging.

9.5 Signal characteristics

This section describes the electrical signal characteristics of the drive’s input and output signals. See Table 23 for signal type and signal name information.

9.5.1 Ready LED Out

The Ready LED Out signal is driven by the drive as indicated in Table 24.

T a ble 24: Ready LE D Out condit ions

Normal command activity LED status

Ready LED Meaning bit mode page 19h

Spun down and no activity Off Off Spun down and activity (command executing) On On Spun up and no activity On Off Spun up and activity (command executing) Off On Spinning up or down Blinks steadily

(50% on and 50% off, 0.5 seconds on and off for 0.5 seconds)

0 1

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

T a ble 24: Ready LE D Out condit ions

Normal command activity LED status

Format in progress, each cylinder change Toggles on/off

The Ready LED Out signal is designed to pull down the cathode of an LED. The anode is attached to the proper +3.3 volt supply through an appropriate current limiting resistor. The LED and the current limiting resistor are external to the drive. See Table 25 for the output characteristics of the LED drive signals.

Table 25: LED drive signal

State Test condition Output voltage

LED off, high 0 V ≤ VOH ≤ 3.6 V -100 µA < IOH < 100 µA LED on, low IOL = 15 mA 0 ≤ VOL ≤ 0.225 V

9.5.2 Differential signals

The drive SAS diffe rent ial signals comp ly with the in tra- enclosur e (inte rnal con nector ) req uirem ent s of the S AS standard.

Table 26 defines the general interface characteristics.

Table 26: General interface characteristics

Characteristic Units 1.5 Gbps 3.0 Gbps

Bit rate (nominal) Mbaud 1,500 3,000 Unit interval (UI)(nominal) ps 666.6 333.3 Impedance (nominal, differential ) ohm 100 100 Transmi tter transie nt s, maximum V ± 1.2 ± 1.2 Receiver transients, maximum V ± 1.2 ± 1.2

9.5.2.1 Eye masks

9.5.2.1.1 Eye masks overview

The eye masks are graphical representations of the voltage and time limits on the signal at the compliance point. The time values between X1 and (1 - X1) cover all but 10

-12

of the jitter population. The random content

of the total jitter population has a range of ± 7 standard deviations.

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

9.5.2.1.2 Receive eye mask

Figure 15 describes the receive eye mask. This eye mask applies to jitter after the application of a single pole high-pass frequency-weighting function that progressively attenuates jitter at 20 dB/decade below a frequency of ((bit rate) / 1.667).

Absolute

amplitude

(in V)

Z2 Z1

0 V

-Z1

-Z2

X1 X2

Normalized time (in UI)

1-X1

1-X2

Figure 15. Receive eye mask

Verifying compliance with the limits represented by the receive eye mask should be done with reverse channel traffic present in order that the effects of crosstalk are taken into account.

9.5.2.1.3 Jitter tolerance masks

Figure 16 describes the receive tolerance eye masks and is constructed using the X2 and Z2 values given in table 29. X1OP is half the value for total jitter intable 29 and X1

is half the value for total jitter in table 30, for

TOL

jitter frequencies above ((bit rate) / 1.667).

Absolute

amplitude

(in V)

TOL

0 V

-Z1

TOL

-Z1

-Z2

TOL

Normalized time (in UI)

(additional sinusoidal jitter) / 2

1-X1

TOL

Outline of eye mask

before adding

sinusoidal jitter

Outline of eye mask

after adding

sinusoidal jitter

Figure 16. Reveive tolerance eye mask

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

The leading and trailing edge slopes of figure 15 shall be preserved. As a result the amplitude value of Z1 is less than that given in table 28 and Z1

and Z1OP shall be defined from those slopes by the following equa-

TOL

tion:

TOL

Z1OPx

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -=

05,()xadditional sinusoidal jitter()– X1

–

where: Z1

is the value for Z1 to be used for the tolerance masks; and

TOL

Z1OP, X1OP, and X2OP are the values in table 28 for Z1, X1, and X2. The X1 points in the receive tolerance masks are greater than the X1 points in the receive masks, due to the

addition of sinusoidal jitter. Figure 17 defines the sinusoidal jitter mask.

Peak-to-

peak

sinusoidal

jitter

(in UI)

1.5

1.0

Sinusoidal jitter frequency

(log/log plot)

= 1.5 x 109 for 1.5 Gbps

NOM

= 3.0 x 109 for 3.0 Gbps

NOM

0.1 0

/ 25,000 F

NOM

F requency (in kH z)

Figure 17. Sinusoidal jitter mask

NOM

/ 1,667

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

9.5.2.2 Transmitter signal characteristics

Table 27 specifies the signal requirements at the transmitter end of a TxRx connection as measured into the zero-length test load. All specifications are based on differential measurements.

The OOB sequence is performed at signal voltage levels corresponding to the lowest supported transfer rate. Table 27 specifies the signal characteristics.

Table 27: Transmitter signal characteristics

Signal characteristic

Skew Tx Off Voltage Maximum rise/fall time Minimum rise/fall time Maximum transmitter output imbalance OOB offset delta OOB common mode delta

a All tests in this table shall be performed with zero-length test load shown in figure 19. b The skew measurement shall be made at the midpoint of the transition with a repeating 0101b pattern on the physical

link. The same stable trigger, coherent to the data stream, shall be used for both the Tx+ and Tx- signals. Skew is defined as the time difference between the means of the mid point crossing ti mes of the Tx+ signal and the Tx- signal.

c The transmitter off voltage is the maximum A.C. voltage measured at compliance points when the transmitter is

unpowered or transmitting D.C. idle (e.g., during idle time of an OOB signal). d Rise/fall times are measured from 20 % to 80 % of the transition with a repeating 0101b pattern on the physical link. e The maximum differenc e between the V+ and V- A.C. RMS transmitter amplitudes measured on a CJTPAT test

pattern

RMS amplitudes. f The maximum difference in the average diffe rential voltage (D .C. off set) component between the burst times and the

idle times of an OOB signal. g The maximum differenc e in the average of the common mode voltage between the burst times and the idle times of

an OOB signal.

(see 9.5.2.3.3) into the test load shown in figure 19, as a percentage of the average of the V+ and V- A.C.

Units 1.5 Gbps 3.0 Gbps

ps 20 15

mV(P-P) < 50 < 50 ps 273 137 ps 67 67 % 10 10 mV ± 25 ± 25 mV ± 50 ± 50

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

9.5.2.3 Receiver signal characteristics

Table 28 defines the compliance point requirements of the signal at the receiver end of a TxRx connection as measured into the test loads specified in figure 18 and figure 19.

Table 28: Receiver signal characteristics

Signal characteristic Units 1.5 Gbps 3.0 Gbps

Jitter (see figure 15)

N/A See table 29 See table 29 2 x Z2 mV(P-P) 1,200 1,600 2 x Z1 mV(P-P) 325 275

UI 0.275 0.275 X2 UI 0.50 0.50

Skew

ps 80 75 Max voltage (non-op) mV(P-P) 2.000 2.000 Minimum OOB ALIGN burst amplitude Maximum noise during OOB idle time Max near-end crosstalk

a The v alue for X1 shall be half the value giv en for total jitter in table 29. The test or analysis shall include the effects of

a single pole high-pass frequency-weighting function that progressively attenuates jitter at 20 dB/decade below a frequency of ((bit rate) / 1,667).

b The value for X1 applies at a total jitter probability of 10

between the mask and actual signals is not a valid method for determining compliance with the jitter output

requirements. c With a measurement bandwidth of 1.5 times the baud rate (i.e. 4.5 GHz for 3.0 Gbps). d The skew measur ement shall be made at the midpoint of the transition with a repeating 0101b pattern on the physical

link. The same stable trigger, coherent to the data stream, shall be used for both the Rx+ and Rx- signals. Skew is

defined as the time difference between the means of the midpoint crossing times of the Rx+ signal and the Rx- signal. e Near-end c rosst alk is the unw anted signal am plitude at rec eiver terminals DR, C R, and XR coupled from signals and

noise sources other than the desired signal. Refer to SFF-8410.

mV(P-P) 240 240 mV(P-P) 120 120 mV(P-P) 100 100

-12

. At this level of probability direct visual comparison

9.5.2.3.1 Jitter

Table 29 defines the maximum allowable jitter.

Table 29: Maximum allowable jitter

1.5 Gbps m,

Deterministic jitter

0.35 0.55 0.35 0.55

a Units are in UI. b The values for jitter in this section are measured at the average amplitude point. c Total jitter is the sum of deterministic jitter and random jitter. If the actual deterministic jitter is less than the maximum

specified, then the random jitter may increase as long as the total jitter does not exceed the specified maximum total

jitter. d Total jitter is specified at a probability of 10 e The deterministic and total values in this table apply to jitter after application of a single pole high-pass frequency-

weighting function that progressively attenuates jitter at 20 dB/decade below a frequency of ((bit rate) / 1 f If total jitter received at any point is less than the maximum allowed, then the jitter distribution of the signals is allowed

to be asymmetric. The total jitter plus the magnitude of the asymmetry shall not exceed the allowed maximum total

jitter. The numerical difference between the average of the peaks with a BER < 10

individual events is the measure of the asymmetry. Jitter peak-to-peak measured < (maximum total jitter -

|Asymmetry|).

Total jitterc,d,e,f Deterministic jittere Total jitterc,d,e,f

-12

3.0 Gbps m,

-12

667).

and the average of the

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

9.5.2.3.2 Receiver jitter tolerance

Table 30 defines the amount of jitter the receiver shall tolerate .

Table 30: Receiver jitter tolerance

jitter

e,f,h

Total

jitter

Sinusoidal

b,d

jitter

-12

. Receivers shall tolerate sinusoidal jitter of

-12

. The additional 0.1 UI of sinusoidal jitter is

3.0 Gbps

Deterministic

figure 17 with the same deterministic

1.5 Gbps

Sinusoidal

b,c

jitter

0.10 0.35 0.65 0.10 0.35 0.65

a Units are in UI. b The jitter values given are normative for a combination of deterministic jitter, random jitter, and sinusoidal jitter that

receivers shall be able to tolerate without exceeding a BER of 10 progressively greater amplitude at lower frequencies, according to the mask in

jitter and random jitter levels as were used in the high frequency sweep. c Sinusoidal swept frequency: 900 kHz to > 5 MHz. d Sinusoidal swept frequency: 1.800 kHz to > 5 MHz. e No value is given for random jitter. For compliance with this standard, the actual random jitter amplitude shall be the

value that brings total jitter to the stated value at a probability of 10

added to ensure the receiver has sufficient operating margin in the presence of external interference. f Deterministic jitter: 900 kHz to 750 MHz. g Deterministic jitter: 1.800 kHz to 1.500 MHz. h The deterministic and total values in this table apply to jitter after application of a single pole high-pass frequency-

weighting function that progressively attenuates jitter at 20 dB/decade below a frequency of ((bit rate) / 1.667).

Deterministic

jitter

e,g,h

Total

jitter

9.5.2.3.3 Compliant jitter test pattern (CJTPAT)

The CJTPAT within a compliant protocol frame is used for all jitter testing unless otherwise specified. See the SAS Interface Manual for definition of the required pattern on the physical link and information regarding special considerations for scrambling and running disparity.

9.5.2.3.4 Impedance specifications

Table 31 defines impedance requirements.

Table 31: Impedance requirements (Sheet 1 of 2)

Requirement Units 1.5 Gbps 3.0 Gbps

Time domain reflectometer rise time 20 % to 80 %

a,b

ps 100 50 Media (PCB or cable) Differential impedance Differential impedance imbalance Common mode impedance

b,c,d

b,c,d,g

ohm 100 ± 10 100 ± 10

ohm 5 5

ohm 32.5 ± 7.5 32.5 ± 7.5 Mated connectors Differential impedance Differential impedance imbalance Common mode impedance

b,c,d

b,c,d,g

ohm 100 ± 15 100 ± 15

ohm 5 5

ohm 32.5 ± 7.5 32.5 ± 7.5 Receiver termination Differential impedance Differential impedance imbalance Receiver termination time constant

b,e,f

b,e,f,g

b,e,f

ohm 100 ± 15 100 ± 15

ohm 5 5

ps 150 max 100 max

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

Table 31: Impedance requirements (Sheet 2 of 2)

receiver termination time constant

Requirement Units 1.5 Gbps 3. 0 Gbps

Common mode impedance

b,e

ohm 20 min/40 max 20 min/40 max Transm itter source termination Differential impedance Differential impedance imbalance Common mode impedance

a All times indicated for time domain reflectometer measurements are recorded times. Recorded times are twice the

transit time of the time domain reflectometer signal. b All measurements are made through mated connector pairs. c The media impedance measurement identifies the impedance mismatches present in the media when terminated in

its characteristic impedance. This measurement excludes mated connectors at both ends of the media, when

present, but includes any intermediate connectors or splices. The mated connectors measurem ent applies only to the

mated connector pair at each end, as applicable. d Where the media has an electrical length of > 4 ns the procedure detailed in SFF-8410, or an equivalent procedure,

shall be used to determine the impedance. e The receiver termination impedance specification applies to all receivers in a TxRx connection and covers all time

points between the connector nearest the receiver, the receiver, and the transmission line terminator. This

measurement shall be made from that connector. f At the time point corresponding to the connection of the receiver to the transmission line the input capacitance of the

receiver and its connection to the transmission line may cause the measured impedance to fall below the minimum

impedances specified in this table. The area of the impedance dip (amplitude as

duration in time) caused by this capacitance is the receiver termination time constant. The receiver time constant

shall not be greater than the values shown in this table. An approximate value for the receiver termination time

constant is given by the product of the amplitude of the dip (as

point. The amplitude is defined as being the difference in the reflection coefficient between the reflection coefficient at

the nominal impedance and the reflection coefficient at the minimum impedance point. The value of the receiver

excess input capacitance is given by the following equation:

b,g

ohm 60 min/115 max 60 min/115 max ohm 5 5 ohm 15 min/40 max 15 min/40 max

ρ, the reflection coefficient, and

ρ) and its width (in ps) measured at the half amplitude

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -=

R0 RR

()

where (R0 || RR) is the parallel combination of the transmission line characteristic impedance and

termination resistance at the receiver.

g The dif f erence i n measured imp edance to ground on t he plus and minus terminals on the interconn ect, transmitter or

receiver, with a differential test signal applied to those terminals.

9.5.2.4 Electrical TxRx connections

TxRx connections may be divided into TxRx connection segments. In a single TxRx connection individual TxRx connection segments may be formed from differing media and materials, including traces on printed wiring boards and optical fibers. This subclause applies only to TxRx connection segments that are formed from electrically conductive media.

Each electrical TxRx connection segment shall comply with the impedance requirements of table 31 for the media from which they are formed. An equalizer network, if present, shall be part of the TxRx connection.

TxRx connections that ar e comp osed en tirely of el e ctrical ly cond ucting media shall be applied only to homog enous ground applications (e.g., between devices within an enclosure or rack, or between enclosures interconnected by a common ground return or ground plane).

9.5.2.4.1 Transmitter characteristics

The drive are D.C. coupled.

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

A combination of a zero-length test load and the transmitter compliance transfer function (TCTF) test load

6–

10–

20–

6–

10–

20–

methodology is used for the specification of transmitter characteristics. This methodology specifies the transmitter signal at the test points on the required test loads. The transmitter uses the same settings (e.g., preemphasis, voltage swing) with both the zero-length test load and the TCTF test load. The signal specifications at IR are met under each of these loading conditions.

The TCTF is the ma thema ti cal st atem ent of the transfer function through w hich th e tr ansmitter shall be cap able of producing acceptable signals as defined by a receive mask. The transmission magnitude response of the TCTF in dB is given by the following equation for 1.5 Gbps:

for 50 MHz < f < 1.5 GHz, and:

20–log10e() 65, 10

××()20, 10

f××()33, 10

f2××()++()× dB×=

for 1.5 GHz < f < 5.0 GHz, where:

a) f is the signal frequency in hertz.

The transmission magnitude response of the TCTF in dB is given by the following equation for 3.0 Gbps:

for 50 MHz < f < 3.0 GHz, and:

for 3.0 GHz < f < 5.0 GHz, where:

a) f is the signal frequency in hertz.

The TCTF is used to specify the re quirements on transm i tters that may or may not incorpo rate pre-em phasis or other forms of compensation. A compliance interconnect is any physical interconnect with loss equal to or greater than that of the TCTF at the above frequencies that also meets the ISI loss requirements shown in figure 20 and figure 21.

Compliance with the TCTF test load requirement is verified by measuring the signal produced by the transmitter through a physical compliance interconnect attached to the transmitter.

Compliance with the zero-length test load requirement verified by measurement made across a load equivalent to the zero-length load shown in figure 19.

5 437,–dB=

20–log10e() 65, 10

10 884,–dB=

××()20, 10

f××()33, 10

f2××()++()× dB×=

For both test load cases, the transmitter delivers the output voltages and timing listed in table 28 at the designated compliance points. T he d efault m ask is IR fo r intra-ca binet T xRx conn ections. T he e ye ma sks are shown in 9.5.2.1.

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

Figure 18 shows the compliance interconnect test load.

Tx+

10 nF 50 ohm

10 nF

Probe

points

50 ohm

TCTF

Tx-

SAS internal connector

Figure 18. Compliance interconnect test load

Figure 19 shows the zero-length test load.

Tx+

Tx-

10 nF

50 ohm

Probe points

50 ohm

SAS internal connector

Figure 19 . Zero-length test load

Figure 20 shows an ISI loss example at 3.0 Gbps.

(dB)

Compliance interconnect magnitude response and

ISI loss

> 3.9 dB

10.9 dB

0.3

Figure 20. ISI loss example at 3.0 Gbps

ISI loss example for 3.0 Gbps

Sample compliance interconnect

3.01.5

Frequency (GHz)

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

Figure 21 shows an ISI loss example at 1.5 Gbps.

(dB)

Compliance interconnect magnitude response and ISI

ISI loss

> 2.0 dB

5.4 dB

0.15

loss example for 1.5 Gbps

Sample compliance interconnect

1.50.75

Frequency (GHz)

Figure 21. ISI loss example at 1.5 Gbps

9.5.2.5 Receiver characteristics

The drive receiver is A.C. coup led. The recei ve networ k termi na tes the TxRx conne cti on by a 100 ohm eq uivalent impedance as specified in table 31.

The receiver operates within a BER of 10

-12

when a SAS signal with valid voltage and timing characteristics is delivered to the compliance point from a 100 ohm source. The received SAS signal are considered valid if it meets the voltage and timing limits specified in table 28.

Additionally the receiver operates within the BER objective when the signal at a receiving phy has the additional sinusoidal jitter present that is specified in table 30 and the common mode signal VCM over frequency range FCM as specified in table 26. The jitter tolerance is shown in Figure 17 for all Rx compliance points in a TxRx connection. The figur e given assum es th at an y exter nal i n terfe rence occur s prio r to the poi nt at which the test is applied. When testing the jitter tolerance capability of a receiver, the additional 0.1 UI of sinusoidal jitter may be reduced by an amount proportional to the actual externally induced interference between the application point of the test and the input to the receiving phy. The additional jitter reduces the eye opening in both voltage and time.

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

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Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

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Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

Index

Numerics

12 volt

pins 60

5 volt pins 60

abort task set function 45 AC coupling 60 AC power requirements 25 ACA active status 55 ACA active, faulted initiator status 55 acoustics 34 active LED Out signal 60 actuator 9

assembly design 7 adaptive caching 55 air cleanliness 33 air flow 30, 42

illustrated 42 air inlet 42 altitude 31 ambient 30 ambient temperature 30, 42 ANSI documents

SCSI 5

Serial Attached SCSI 5 asynchronous event notification 55 audible noise 3 auto write and read reallocation

programmable 8 automatic contingent allegiance 55 average idle current 25, 26 average rotational latency 11

Background Media Scan 39 backpanel 59 BMS 39 buffer

data 8

space 13 busy status 55 bytes per surface 11 bytes per track 11

cache operation 13 cache segments 14 caching write data 14 Canadian Department of Communications 3

capacity

unformatted 11 case temperature 30 check condition status 55 class B limit 3 clear ACA function 45 clear task set function 45 commands supported 47 condensation 31 condition met/good status 55 connector

illustrated 59

requirements 59 continuous vibration 33 cooling 42 CRC

error 18 Current profiles 27 customer service 24

DAR 40 data block size

modifing the 9 data buffer to/from disc media 12 data heads

read/write 11 data rate

internal 11 data transfer rate 12 DC power 59

requirements 25 defect and error management 37 defects 37 Deferred Auto-Reallocation 40 deferred error handling 55 description 7 dimensions 35 disc rotation speed 11 drive 33 drive characteristics 11 drive failure 18 drive mounting 35, 43 drive select 59 dual port support 46

electrical

description of connector 59

signal characteristics 60

specifications 25 electromagnetic compatibility 3 electromagnetic susceptibility 34 EMI requirements 3

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

environment 42 environmental

limits 30 requirements 17

environmental control 33 error

management 37 rates 17

errors 37 European Union Restriction of Hazardous Substanc-

es 5

FCC rules and regulations 3 features 8

interface 45

firmware 8

corruption 50 flawed sector reallocation 8 Format command execution time 12 front panel 35 function

complete, code 00 45

not supported, code 05 45

reject, code 04 45

Good status 55 gradient 30, 31 ground shift noise 60 grounding 43

HDA 42, 43 head and disc assembly (HDA) 7 head and disc assembly. See HDA heads

read/write data 11 heat removal 42 heat source 42 host equipment 43 hot plugging the drive 18 humidity 31 humidity limits 30

Idle Read After Write 40 inquiry data 51 installation 41

guide 5 interface

commands supported 47

error rate 17

errors 18 illustrated 56 physical 56 requirements 45

interleave

minimum 12 intermediate/condition met/good status 55 intermediate/good status 55 internal data rate 11 internal defects/errors 37 internal drive characteristics 11 IRAW 40

jumpers 41

latency

average rotational 11, 12 logical block address 13 logical block reallocation scheme 8 logical block size 8, 12 logical segments 13

maintenance 17 maximum delayed motor start 25, 26 maximum start current 25, 26 mean time between failure. See MTBF media description 8 Media Pre-Scan 40 minimum sector interleave 12 miscellaneous feature support

Adaptive caching 55

Asynchronous event notification 55

Automatic contingent allegiance 55

Deferred error handling 55

Parameter rounding 55

Queue tagging 55

Reporting actual retry count 55

Segmented caching 55

SMP = 1 in Mode Select command 55

Synchronized (locked) spindle operation 55

Zero latency read 55 miscellaneous status support

ACA active 55

ACA active, faulted initiator 55

Busy 55

Check condition 55

Condition met/good 55

Good 55

Intermediate/condition met/good 55

Intermediate/good 55

Reservation conflict 55

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

Task set full 55

miscorrected media data 17 Mode sense

data, table 51, 53

mounting 43

holes 43

orientations 41 mounting configuration 35 mounting configuration dimensions 35 MTBF 17, 18, 30

noise

audible 3 noise immunity 27 non-operating 31, 33

temperature 30 non-operating vibration 33

office environment 33 operating 31, 33 option selection 59 options 10 orientation 31 out-of-plane distortion 43

package size 32 package test specification 5 packaged 32 parameter rounding 55 PCBA 43 peak bits per inch 11 peak operating current 25, 26 peak-to-peak measurements 27 performance characteristics

detailed 11

general 12 performance degradation 31 performance highlights 8 physical damage 33 physical interface 56 physical specifications 25 pin descriptions 59 power 60

dissipation 29

requirements, AC 25

requirements, DC 25

sequencing 27 power distribution 3 prefetch/multi-segme nted cache control 13 preventive maintenance 17

queue tagging 55

radio interference regulations 3 RCD bit 13 read error rates 17, 37 read/write data heads 11 receivers 60 recommended mounting 32 Recoverable Errors 17 recovered media data 17 reference

documents 5 relative humidity 31 reliability 9

specifications 17 reliability and service 18 repair and return information 24 reporting actual retry count 55 reservation conflict status 55 resonance 31 return information 24 RoHS 5 rotation speed 11

safety 3 SAS

interface 59

physical interface 56

task management functions 45 SAS documents 5 SAS Interface Manual 3, 5 SCSI interface

commands supported 47 seek error

defined 18

rate 17 seek performance characteristics 11 seek time

average typical 11

full stroke typical 11

single track typical 11 segmented caching 55 Self-Monitoring Analysis and Reporting Technology

9, 19 Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) Interface Manual 1 shielding 3 shipping 23 shipping container 30 shock 31

and vibration 31

shock mount 43

Savvio 10K.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. D

signal

characteristics 60 single-unit shipping pack kit 10 SMART 9, 19 SMP = 1 in Mode Select command 55 spindle brake 8 standards 3 start/stop time 13 support services 71 surface stiffness

allowable for non-flat surface 43 switches 41 synchronized spindle

operation 55 system chassis 43

task management functions 45

Abort task set 45

Clear ACA 45

Clear task set 45

terminate task 45 task management response codes 45

Function complete 00 45

Function not supported 05 45

Function reject 04 45 task set full status 55 technical support services 71 temperature 30, 42

ambient 30

case 30

gradient 30

limits 30

non-operating 30

regulation 3

See also cooling terminate task function 45 terminators 41 tracks per inch 11 tracks per surface 11 transmitters 60 transporting the drive 23

zero latency read 55 zone bit recording (ZBR) 8

unformatted 9 Unrecoverable Errors 17 unrecovered media data 17

vibration 31, 33

warranty 23

Seagate Technology LLC

920 Disc Drive, Scotts Valley, California 95066-4544, USA

Publication Number: 100384760, Rev. D, Printed in USA

Seagate ST973402SS, ST9146802SS User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

1.0 Scope

2.0 Applicable standards and reference documentation

2.1 Standards

2.1.1 Electromagnetic compatibility

2.1.1.1 Electromagn etic susc ept ibili ty

2.1.2 Electromagn etic complia nce

2.1.3 European Union Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS)

2.2 Reference documents

3.0 General description

3.1 Standard featu re s

3.2 Media desc ription

3.3 Performance

3.4 Reliability

3.5 Formatted ca pacities

3.6 Programmable drive capacity

3.7 Factory -installed acce ssories

3.8 Factory-installed options

4.0 Performance characteristics

4.1 Internal drive characteristics

4.2 Seek performance ch aracteristics

4.2.1 Access time

4.2.2 Format command execution time for 512-byte sectors (minutes)

4.2.3 General performance characteristics

4.3 Start/stop time

4.4 Prefetch /m ulti-segmen te d cache contro l

4.5 Cache operation

4.5.1 Caching write data

4.5.2 Prefetch operation

5.0 Reliability specifications

5.1 Error rates

5.1.1 Recoverable Errors

5.1.2 Unrecoverable Errors

5.1.3 Seek errors

5.1.4 Interface errors

5.2 Reli ab ilit y and servi ce

5.2.1 Annualized Failure Rate (AFR) and Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF)

5.2.2 Preventive mainte nan ce

5.2.3 Hot plugging the drive

5.2.4 S.M.A.R.T.

5.2.5 Thermal monitor

5.2.6 Drive Self Test (DST)

5.2.6.1 DST failure definition

5.2.6.2 Implementation

5.2.6.2.1 State of the drive prior to testing

5.2.6.2.2 Invoking DST

5.2.6.2.3 Short and extended tests

5.2.6.2.4 Log page entries

5.2.6.2.5 Abort

5.2.7 Product warranty

6.0 Physical/electrical specifications

6.1 AC power re quirements

6.2 DC power re quirements

6.2.1 Conducted noise immunity

6.2.2 Power sequencing

6.2.3 Current profiles

6.3 Power dissipation

6.4 Environmental limits

6.4.1 Temperature

6.4.2 Relative humidity

6.4.3 Effective altitude (sea level)

6.4.4 Shock and vibration

6.4.4.1 Shock

6.4.4.2 Vibration

6.4.5 Air cleanliness

6.4.6 Corrosive environment

6.4.7 Acoustics

6.4.8 Electromagn etic susc ept ibili ty

6.5 Mechanical specifications

7.0 Defect and error management

7.1 Drive internal defects/errors

7.2 Drive er ror recov ery procedures

7.3 SAS system errors

7.4 Background Media Scan

7.5 Media Pr e- Scan

7.6 Deferred Auto-Reallocation

7.7 Idle Read After Write