Product Manual
Constellation® ES Serial ATA
ST32000644NS
ST31000524NS
ST3500514NS
100516232
Rev. G
February 2011
Revision history
Revision Date Sheets affected or comments
Rev. A 08/26/09 Initial release.
Rev. B 09/23/09 3-4, 6 and 13.
Rev. C 01/11/10 4, 13, 16 and 20.
Rev. D 04/21 /10 1, 5, 9-1 1,14-15 & 17-18.
Rev. E 06/16/10 5 & 17-18.
Rev. F 08/02/10 6 & 31.
Rev. G 02/23/11 4, 7, 17, 25 & 27.
© 2011 Seagate Technology LLC. All rights reserved.
Publication number: 100516232, Rev. G, February 2011
Seagate, Seagate Technology and the Wave logo are registered trademarks of Seagate Technology
LLC in the United States and/or other countries. Constellation ES and SeaTools are either trade
marks or registered trademarks of Seagate Technology LLC or one of its affiliated companies in the
United States and/or other countries. All other trademarks or registered trademarks are the property
of their respective owners.
No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form without written permission of Seagate
Technology LLC. Call 877-PUB-TEK1(877-782-8351) to request permission.
One gigabyte, or GB, equals one billion bytes and one terabyte, or TB, equals one trillion bytes.
Your computer's operating system may use a different standard of measurement and report a lower
capacity. In addition, some of the listed capacity is used for formatting and other functions, and thus
will not be available for data storage. Seagate reserves the right to change, without notice, product
offerings or specifications.
-
Contents
1.0 Seagate Technology support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
2.0 Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
2.1 About the Serial ATA interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
3.0 Drive specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
3.1 Specification summary tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
3.2 Formatted capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
3.2.1 LBA mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
3.3 Default logical geometry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
3.4 Recording and interface technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
3.5 Physical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3.6 Seek time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3.7 Start/stop times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3.8 Power specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
3.8.1 Power consumption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
3.8.2 Conducted noise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
3.8.3 Voltage tolerance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
3.8.4 Power-management modes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
3.9 Environmental limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
3.9.1 Temperature. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
3.9.2 Humidity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
3.9.3 Altitude . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
3.9.4 Shock. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
3.9.5 Vibration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
3.10 Acoustics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
3.11 Test for Prominent Discrete Tones (PDTs) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
3.12 Electromagnetic immunity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
3.13 Reliability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
3.13.1 Annualized Failure Rate (AFR) and Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF) . . . 21
3.14 Agency certification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
3.14.1 Safety certification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
3.14.2 Electromagnetic compatibility. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
3.14.3 FCC verification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
3.15 Environmental protection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
3.15.1 European Union Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS) Directive. . . . . 23
3.15.2 China Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS) Directive . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
3.16 Corrosive environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
4.0 Configuring and mounting the drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
4.1 Handling and static-discharge precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
4.2 Configuring the drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
4.3 Serial ATA cables and connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
4.4 Drive mounting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
5.0 Serial ATA (SATA) interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
5.1 Hot-Plug compatibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
5.2 Serial ATA device plug connector pin definitions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
5.3 Supported ATA commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
5.3.1 Identify Device command. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
5.3.2 Set Features command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
5.3.3 S.M.A.R.T. commands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. G i
ii Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. G
List of Figures
Figure 1. Typical 5V startup and operation current profile. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Figure 2. Typical 12V startup and operation current profile. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Figure 3. HDA temperature checkpoint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Figure 4. Attaching SATA cabling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Figure 5. Mounting dimensions—top, side and end view . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. G iii
1.0 Seagate Technology support services
SEAGATE ONLINE SUPPORT and SERVICES
For information regarding products and services, visit http://www.seagate.com/www/en-us/about/contact_us/
Available services include:
Presales & Technical support
Global Support Services telephone numbers & business hours
Authorized Service Centers
For information regarding Warranty Support, visit
http://www.sea
For information regarding Data Recovery Services, visit http://www.i365.com
For Seagate OEM & Distribution partner portal, visit https://direct.seagate.com/portal/system
For Seagate reseller portal, visit http://spp.seagate.com
gate.com/www/en-us/support/warranty_&_returns_assistance
Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. G 1
2.0 Introduction
This manual describes the functional, mechanical and interface specifications for the following Seagate
Constellation
ST32000644NS ST31000524NS ST3500514NS
These drives provide the following key features:
• 7200 RPM spindle speed.
• PowerChoice™ for selectable power savings
• Top Cover Attached motor for excellent vibration tolerance
• High instantaneous (burst) data-transfer rates (up to 300MB per second).
• Perpendicular recording technology provides the drives with increased areal density.
• State-of-the-art cache and on-the-fly error-correction algorithms.
• Native Command Queueing with command ordering to increase performance in demanding applications.
• Full-track multiple-sector transfer capability without local processor intervention.
• SeaTools™ diagnostic software performs a drive self-test that eliminates unnecessary drive returns.
• Support for S.M.A.R.T. drive monitoring and reporting.
• Supports latching SATA cables and connectors.
• Worldwide Name (WWN) capability uniquely identifies the drive.
®
ES Serial ATA model drives:
2 Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. G
2.1 About the Serial ATA interface
The Serial ATA interface provides several advantages over the traditional (parallel) ATA interface. The primary
advantages include:
• Easy installation and configuration with true plug-and-play connectivity. It is not necessary to set any jump-
ers or other configuration options.
• Thinner and more flexible cabling for improved enclosure airflow and ease of installation.
• Scalability to higher performance levels.
In addition, Serial ATA makes the transition from parallel ATA easy by providing legacy software support. Serial
ATA was designed to allow you to install a Serial ATA host adapter and Serial ATA disc drive in your current
system and expect all of your existing applications to work as normal.
The Serial ATA interface connects each disc drive in a point-to-point configuration with the Serial ATA host
adapter. There is no master/slave relationship with Serial ATA devices like there is with parallel ATA. If two
drives are attached on one Serial ATA host adapter, the host operating system views the two devices as if they
were both “masters” on two separate ports. This essentially means both drives behave as if they are Device 0
(master) devices.
Note. The host adapter may, optionally, emulate a master/slave environment to host software where two
devices on separate Serial ATA ports are represented to host software as a Device 0 (master) and
Device 1 (slave) accessed at the same set of host bus addresses. A host adapter that emulates a
master/slave environment manages two sets of shadow registers. This is not a typical Serial ATA
environment.
The Serial ATA host adapter and drive share the function of emulating parallel ATA device behavior to provide
backward compatibility with existing host systems and software. The Command and Control Block registers,
PIO and DMA data transfers, resets, and interrupts are all emulated.
The Serial ATA host adapter contains a set of registers that shadow the content s of the traditional de vice registers, referred to as the Shadow Register Block. All Serial ATA devices behave like Device 0 devices. For additional information about how Serial ATA emulates parallel ATA, refer to the “Serial ATA: High Speed Serialized
AT Attachment” specification. The specification can be downloaded from www .serialata.org.
Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. G 3
3.0 Drive specifications
Unless otherwise noted, all specifications are measured under ambient conditions, at 25°C, and nominal
power. For convenience, the phrases the drive and this drive are used throughout this manual to indicate the
following drive models:
ST32000644NS ST31000524NS ST3500514NS
3.1 Specification summary tables
The specifications listed in the following tables are for quick reference. For details on specification measurement or definition, see the appropriate section of this manual.
Table 1: Drive specifications summary
Drive specification ST32000644NS ST31000524NS ST3500514NS
Formatted (512 bytes/sector)* 2TB 1TB 500GB
Guaranteed sectors 3,907,029,168 1,953,525,168 976,773,168
Heads 8 4 2
Discs 4 2 1
Bytes per sector 512
Default sectors per track 63
Default read/write heads 16
Default cylinders 16,383
Recording density, KBPI (Kb/in max) 1421
Track density, KTPI (ktracks/in avg.) 240
Areal density, (Gb/in2 avg) 347
Spindle speed (RPM) 7200
Internal data transfer rate
(Mb/s max)
Sustained data transfer rate OD
(MB/s max)
I/O data-transfer rate
(MB/s max)
ATA data-transfer modes supported PIO modes 0–4
Cache buffer 64MB 32MB
Weight: (maximum) 710g (1.565 lb) 640g (1.411 lb) 610g (1.345 lb)
Average latency 4.16ms
Power-on to ready (sec max) 15 10 7
Standby to ready (sec max) 15 10 7
1300
140
300
Multiword DMA modes 0–2
Ultra DMA modes 0–6
4 Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. G
Drive specification ST32000644NS ST31000524NS ST3500514NS
Track-to-track seek time (ms typical) 0.5 read
Average seek, read (ms typical) <8.5
Average seek, write (ms typical) <9.5
Startup current (typical) 12V (peak) 2.8A
Voltage tolerance (including noise) 5V ± 5%
Ambient temperature 5° to 60°C (operating/tested)
Temperature gradient
(°C per hour max)
Relative humidity 5% to 90% (operating)
Relative humidity gradient 30% per hour max
Altitude, operating –60.96 m to 3,048 m
Altitude, nonoperating
(below mean sea level, max)
Operational Shock (max at 2 ms) Read 70 Gs / Write 40 Gs
Non-Operational Shock (max at 2 ms) 300 Gs 350 Gs
Vibration, operating 5–22 Hz: 0.25 Gs, Limited displacement
Operation Rotational vibration 20–1500Hz: 12.5 rads/s²
Vibration, nonoperating 10–500 Hz: 4.9 Grms ref
Drive acoustics, sound power (bels)
Idle** 2.7 (typical)
Performance seek 3.0 (typical)
Nonrecoverable read errors 1 sector per 10
Annualized Failure Rate (AFR) 0.73% based on 8760 POH
Warranty To determine the warranty for a specific drive, use a web browser to access the following
Load-unload cycles 300,000 (25°C, 50% rel. humidity) (600,000 design life testing)
Supports Hotplug operation per
Serial ATA Revision 2.6 specification
0.8 write
2.0A (optional configuration through Smart Command Transport)
12V ± 10%
–40° to 70°C (nonoperating)
20°C (operating)
30°C (nonoperating)
5% to 95% (nonoperating)
(–200 ft to 10,000+ ft)
–60.96 m to 12,192 m
(–200 ft to 40,000+ ft)
22–350 Hz: 0.50 Gs
350–500 Hz: 0.25 Gs
2.9 (max)
3.3 (max)
15
bits read
web page:
You will be asked to provide the drive serial number, model number (or part number) and
country of purchase. After submitting this information, the system will display the warranty
information for your drive.
Yes
support.seagate.com/customer/warranty_validation.jsp
2.2 (typical)
2.5 (max)
2.8 (typical)
3.1 (max)
1.9 (typical)
2.3 (max)
2.7 (typical)
3.0 (max)
*One GB equals one billion bytes when referring to hard drive capacity. Accessible capacity may vary depending on operating environment
and formatting.
**During periods of drive idle, some offline a ctivity may occur according to the S.M.A.R.T. specification, which may incr ease acoustic and
power to operational levels.
Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. G 5
3.2 Formatted capacity
Model
ST32000644NS 2TB 3,907,029,168
ST3500514NS 500GB 976,773,168
*One GB equals one billion bytes when referring to hard drive capacity. Accessible capacity may vary depending on operating environment
and formatting.
Formatted
capacity*
Guaranteed
sectors
Bytes per sector
512ST31000524NS 1TB 1,953,525,168
3.2.1 LBA mode
When addressing these drives in LBA mode, all blocks (
sectors) are consecutively numbered from 0 to n–1,
where n is the number of guaranteed sectors as defined above.
See Section 5.3.1, "Identify Device command" (words 60-61 and 100-103) for additional information about 48-
bit addressing support of drives with capacities over 137GB.
3.3 Default logical geometry
Cylinders Read/write heads Sectors per track
16,383 16 63
LBA mode
When addressing these drives in LBA mode, all blocks (sectors) are consecutively numbered from 0 to n–1,
where n is the number of guaranteed sectors as defined above.
3.4 Recording and interface technology
Interface Serial ATA (SATA)
Recording method Perpendicular
Recording density , KBPI (Kb/in max) 1421
Track density, KTPI (ktracks/in avg) 240
2
Areal density (Gb/in
Spindle speed (RPM) (± 0.2%) 7200
Internal data transfer rate (Mb/s max) 1300
Sustained data transfer rate (MB/s max) 140
I/O data-transfer rate (MB/s max) 300 (Ultra DMA mode 5)
avg) 347
6 Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. G
3.5 Physical characteristics
weight: (maximum)
ST32000644NS 710g (1.565 lb)
ST31000524NS 640g (1.411 lb)
ST3500514NS 610g (1.345 lb)
Cache buffer
ST32000644NS
000524NS and ST3500514NS
ST31
64MB (64,768KB)
32MB (32,768KB)
3.6 Seek time
Seek measurements are taken with nominal power at 25°C am bient temperature. All times are measured using
drive diagnostics. The specifications in the table below are defined as follows:
• Track-to-track seek time is an average of all
• Average seek time is a true statistical random aver
random tracks, less overhead.
*Typical seek times (ms) Read Write
Track-to-track 0.5 0.8
Average <8.5 <9.5
possible single-track seeks in both directions.
age of at least 5000 measurements of seeks between
Average latency: 4.16
*Measured in performance mode.
Note. Th
ese drives are designed to consistently meet the seek times represented in this manual. Physical
seeks, regardless of mode (such as track-to-track and average), are expected to meet the noted
values. However, due to the manner in which these drives are formatted, benchmark tests that
include command overhead or measure logical seeks may produce results that vary from these
specifications.
3.7 Start/stop times
2TB models 1TB models 500GB models
Power-on to Ready (sec) 15 (max) 10 (max) 7 (max)
Standby to Ready (sec) 15 (max) 10 (max) 7 (max)
Ready to spindle stop (sec) 20 (max)
Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. G 7
3.8 Power specifications
The drive receives DC power (+5V or +12V) through a na tive SATA power con nector. See Figure 4 on page 26.
3.8.1 Power consumption
Power requirements for the drives are listed in the t able on p ag e 9. Typical power measurements are based on
an average of drives tested, under nominal conditions, using 5.0V and 12.0V input voltage at 25°C ambient
temperature.
• Spinup power
Spinup power is measured from the time of power-on to the time that the drive spindle reaches op erating
speed.
• Seek mode
During seek mode, the read/write actuator arm moves toward a specific position on the disc surface and
does not execute a read or write operation. Servo electronics are active. Seek mode power represents the
worst-case power consumption, using only random seeks with read or write latency time. This mode is not
typical and is provided for worst-case information.
• Read/write power and current
Read/write power is measured with the heads on track, based on a 16-sector write followed by a 32-ms
delay, then a 16-sector read followed by a 32ms delay.
• Operating power and current
Operating power is measured using 40 percent random seeks, 40 per cent read/write mode (1 write for each
10 reads) and 20 percent drive idle mode.
• Idle mode power
Idle mode power is measured with the drive up to speed, with servo electronics active and with the heads in
a random track location.
• Standby mode
During Standby mode, the drive accepts commands, but the drive is not spinning, and the servo and read/
write electronics are in power-down mode.
8 Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. G
Table 2: 2000GB Drive DC power requirements
1.5Gb mode 3.0Gb mode
Voltage +5V +12V Power +5V +12V Power
Regulation ±5% ±5% (Watts) ±5% ±5% (Watts)
Avg Idle Current * 0.26 0.42 6.38 0.27 0.42 6.39
Advanced Idle Current *
Idle_A 0.13 0.35 4.83 0.14 0.42 5.70
Idle_B 0.13 0.36 5.01 0.14 0.36 5.00
Idle_C 0.13 0.22 3.26 0.14 0.22 3.27
Standby 0.09 0.01 0.51 0.09 0.01 0.53
Transition Current *
Idle_A (Active) 0.86 1.66 24.22 0.98 0.90 15.70
Idle_B (Active) 0.76 1.72 24.47 0.74 1.64 23.42
Idle_C (Active) 0.78 2.48 33.71 0.78 2.50 33.95
Standby (Active) 0.80 2.64 35.71 0.82 2.64 35.83
Average Sleep Current 0.09 0.01 0.52 0.09 0.01 0.55
Maximum Start Current
DC (peak DC) 0.35 2.03 26.13 0.36 2.03 26.24
AC (Peak DC) 0.59 2.66 34.91 0.61 2.64 34.77
Delayed Motor Start (DC max) 0.09 0.01 0.55 0.09 0.01 0.57
Peak operating current (random read):
Typical DC 0.30 0.63 9.02 0.30 0.63 9 .0 3
Maximum DC 0.30 0.64 9.21 0.31 0.64 9.22
Maximum DC(peak) 1.04 1.88 27.78 1.06 1.88 27.86
Peak operating current (random write)
Typical DC 0.30 0.52 7.78 0.31 0.52 7.80
Maximum DC 0.31 0.53 7.90 0.31 0.53 7.95
Maximum DC(peak) 1.40 1.86 29.32 1.44 1.84 29.28
Peak operating current (sequential read)
Typical DC 0.65 0.44 8.56 0.65 0.44 8.54
Maximum DC 0.67 0.45 8.78 0.67 0.44 8.67
Maximum DC(peak) 1.12 0.88 16.16 1.08 0.88 15.96
Peak operating current (sequential write)
Typical DC 0.64 0.44 8.52 0.65 0.44 8.52
Maximum DC 0.66 0.45 8.66 0.66 0.44 8.65
Maximum DC(peak) 1.44 0.90 18.00 1.44 0.88 17.76
Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. G 9
Table 3: 1000GB Drive DC power requirements
1.5Gb mode 3.0Gb mode
Voltage +5V +12V Power +5V +12V Power
Regulation ±5% ±5% (Watts) ±5% ±5% (Watts)
Avg Idle Current * 0.27 0.27 4.59 0.27 0.27 4.61
Advanced Idle Current *
Idle_A 0.14 0.27 3.86 0.15 0.27 3.99
Idle_B 0.14 0.23 3.53 0.15 0.23 3.56
Idle_C 0.14 0.08 1.70 0.15 0.08 1.73
Standby 0.09 0.01 0.54 0.10 0.01 0.57
Transition Current *
Idle_A (Active) 0.86 0.98 16.06 0.86 1.06 17.02
Idle_B (Active) 0.80 1.32 19.90 0.76 1.27 19.02
Idle_C (Active) 0.76 2.76 36.98 0.82 2.81 37.78
Standby (Active) 0.78 2.99 39.73 0.78 3.01 39.98
Average Sleep Current 0.09 0.01 0.57 0.10 0.01 0.59
Maximum Start Current
DC (peak DC) 0.38 2.05 26.44 0.38 2.05 26.45
AC (Peak DC) 0.59 2.98 38.76 0.69 2.99 39.29
Delayed Motor Start (DC max) 0.11 0.01 0.66 0.11 0.01 0.64
Peak operating current (random read):
Typical DC 0.30 0.49 7.41 0.31 0.49 7.42
Maximum DC 0.31 0.50 7.52 0.32 0.50 7.56
Maximum DC(peak) 0.96 1.54 23.28 0.96 1.54 23.28
Peak operating current (random write)
Typical DC 0.32 0.38 6.20 0.33 0.38 6.21
Maximum DC 0.33 0.39 6.30 0.34 0.39 6.34
Maximum DC(peak) 1.30 1.58 25.46 1.30 1.58 25.46
Peak operating current (sequential read)
Typical DC 0.65 0.28 6.64 0.65 0.28 6.63
Maximum DC 0.66 0.29 6.75 0.67 0.28 6.74
Maximum DC(peak) 1.00 0.62 12.44 1.02 0.62 12.54
Peak operating current (sequential write)
Typical DC 0.68 0.28 6.79 0.68 0.28 6.78
Maximum DC 0.70 0.29 6.92 0.70 0.28 6.90
Maximum DC(peak) 1.26 0.74 15.18 1.28 0.60 13.60
10 Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. G
Table 4: 500GB Drive DC power requirements
1.5Gb mode 3.0Gb mode
Voltage +5V +12V Power +5V +12V Power
Regulation ±5% ±5% (Watts) ±5% ±5% (Watts)
Avg Idle Current * 0.26 0.20 3.71 0.28 0.20 3.74
Advanced Idle Current *
Idle_A 0.13 0.21 3.13 0.14 0.21 3.17
Idle_B 0.13 0.18 2.82 0.14 0.18 2.85
Idle_C 0.13 0.07 1.50 0.14 0.07 1.52
Standby 0.09 0.01 0.53 0.09 0.01 0.55
Transition Current *
Idle_A (Active) 0.84 0.52 10.44 0.84 0.54 10.68
Idle_B (Active) 0.70 1.1 1 16.81 0.80 1.13 17.56
Idle_C (Active) 0.70 2.45 32.91 0.72 2.43 32.77
Standby (Active) 0.80 2.59 35.08 0.84 2.59 35.28
Average Sleep Current 0.09 0.01 0.54 0.09 0.01 0.56
Maximum Start Current
DC (peak DC) 0.36 2.03 26.14 0.36 2.03 26.14
AC (Peak DC) 0.55 2.59 33.83 0.63 2.59 34.24
Delayed Motor Start (DC max) 0.09 0.01 0.55 0.09 0.01 0.59
Peak operating current (random read):
Typical DC 0.29 0.42 6.45 0.29 0.42 6.47
Maximum DC 0.30 0.42 6.56 0.30 0.42 6.54
Maximum DC(peak) 1.00 1.38 27.56 1.00 1.38 21.32
Peak operating current (random write)
Typical DC 0.31 0.32 5.32 0.31 0.31 5.31
Maximum DC 0.31 0.33 5.48 0.31 0.32 5.45
Maximum DC(peak) 1.20 1.40 22.80 1.20 1.38 22.56
Peak operating current (sequential read)
Typical DC 0.62 0.21 5.63 0.62 0.21 5.62
Maximum DC 0.63 0.21 5.72 0.63 0.21 5.72
Maximum DC(peak) 1.02 0.46 10.62 1.02 0.46 10.62
Peak operating current (sequential write)
Typical DC 0.66 0.21 5.84 0.66 0.21 5.82
Maximum DC 0.67 0.21 5.92 0.67 0.21 5.89
Maximum DC(peak) 1.34 0.46 12.22 1.30 0.48 12.26
*During periods of drive idle, some offline activity may occur according to the S.M.A.R. T. specification, which may increase acoustic and
power to operational levels.
Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. G 11
3.8.1.1 Typical current profiles
12 Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. G
Figure 1. Typical 5V startup and operatio n curre nt profi le
Figure 2. Typical 12V startup and operation current profile
3.8.2 Conducted noise
Input noise ripple is measured at the host system powe r
supply across an equivalent 80-ohm resistive load on
the +12 V line or an equivalent 15-ohm resistive load on the +5V line.
• Using 12V power, the drive is expected to operate with
a maximum of 120mV peak-to-peak square-wave
injected noise at up to 10MHz.
• Using 5V power, the drive is expected to operate with a max imum of 1
injected noise at up to 10MHz.
Note. Equ
ivalent resistance is calculated by dividing the nominal voltage by the typical RMS read/write
current.
3.8.3 V oltage tolerance
Voltage tolerance (including noise):
± 5%
5V
12V ±10%
00mV peak-to-peak square-wave
Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. G 13
3.8.4 Power-management modes
The drive provides programmable power management to provide greater energy efficiency. In most systems,
you can control power management through the system setup program. The drive features the following
power-management modes:
Power modes Heads Spindle Buffer
Active Tracking Rotating Enabled
Idle_a ID Biased Rotating Enabled
Idle_b Parked Rotating Enabled
Idle_c Parked Rotating at lower RPM Enabled
Standby Parked Stopped Enabled
Sleep Parked Stopped Disabled
• Active mode
The drive is in Active mode during the read/write and seek operations.
• Idle mode
The buffer remains enabled, and the drive accepts all commands and returns to Active mode any time disc
access is necessary.
• Standby mode
The drive enters Standby mode when the host sends a Standby Immediate command. If the host has set
the standby timer, the drive can also enter Standby mode automatically after the drive has been inactive for
a specifiable length of time. The standby timer delay is established using a Standby or Idle command. In
Standby mode, the drive buffer is enabled, the heads are parked and the spindle is at rest. The drive
accepts all commands and returns to Active mode any time disc access is necessary.
•Sleep mode
The drive enters Sleep mode after receiving a Sleep command from the host. In Sleep mode, the drive buffer is disabled, the heads are parked and the spindle is at rest. The drive leaves Sleep mode after it
receives a Hard Reset or Soft Reset from the host. After receiving a reset, the drive exits Sleep mode and
enters Standby mode with all current translation parameters intact.
• Idle and Standby timers
Each time the drive performs an Active function (read, write or seek), the standby timer is reinitialized and
begins counting down from its specified delay times to zero. If the standby timer reaches zero before any
drive activity is required, the drive makes a transition to Standby mode. In both Idle and Standby mode, the
drive accepts all commands and returns to Active mode when disc access is necessary.
14 Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. G
3.8.4.1 Extended Power Conditions - PowerChoice
TM
Utilizing the load/unload architecture a programmable power management interface is provided to tailor systems for reduced power consumption and performance requirements.
The table below lists the supported power conditions available in PowerChoice. Power conditions are ordered
from highest power consumption (and shortest recovery time) to lowest power consumption (and longest
recovery time) as follows: Idle_a power >= Idle_b power >= Id le_c power >= Standby_z power. The further you
go down in the table, the more power savings is actualized. For example, Idle_b results in greater power savings than the Idle_a power condition. Standby results in the greatest power savings.
Power Condition Name Power Condition ID Description
Idle_a 81
Idle_b 82
Idle_c 83
Standby_z 00
H
H
H
H
Reduced electronics
Heads unloaded. Disks spinning at full RPM
Heads unloaded. Disks spinning at reduced RPM
Heads unloaded. Motor stopped (disks not spinning)
Each power condition has a set of current, saved and default settings. Default settings are not modifiable.
Default and saved settings persist across power-on resets. The current settings do not persist across power-on
resets. At the time of manufacture, the default, saved and current settings are in the Power Conditions log
match.
PowerChoice is invoked using one of two methods
• Automatic power transitions which are triggered by expiration of individual power condition timers. These
timer values may be customized and enabled using th e Extended Power Conditions (EPC) feature set using
the standardized Set Features command interface.
• Immediate host commanded power transitions may be initiated using an EPC Set Features "Go to Power
Condition" subcommand to enter any supported power condition. Legacy power commands Standby Imme
diate and Idle Immediate also provide a method to directly transition the drive into supported power conditions.
PowerChoice exits power saving states under the following conditions
• Any command which requires the drive to enter the PM0: Active state (media access)
• Power on reset
-
PowerChoice provides the following reporting methods for tracking purposes
Check Power Mode Command
• Reports the current power state of the drive
Identify Device Command
• EPC Feature set supported flag
• EPC Feature enabled flag is set if at least one Idle power condition timer is enabled
Power Condition Log reports the following for each power condition
• Nominal recovery time from the power condition to active
• If the power condition is Supported, Changeable, and Savable
• Default enabled state, and timer value
• Saved enabled state, and timer value
• Current enabled state, and timer value
Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. G 15
S.M.A.R.T. Read Data Reports
• Attribute 192 - Emergency Retract Count
• Attribute 193 - Load/Unload Cycle Count
PowerChoice Manufacture Default Power Condition Timer Values
Default power condition timer values
have been established to assure product reliability and data integrity. A
minimum timer value threshold of two minutes ensures the appropriate amount of background drive main tenance activities occur. Attempting to set a timer values less than the specified minimum timer value threshold
will result in an aborted EPC "Set Power Condition Timer" subcommand.
Power Condition Name Manufacturer Default Timer Values
Idle_a 2 min
Idle_b 4 min
Idle_c 10 min
Standby_z 15 min
Setting power condition timer values less than the manufacturer specified defaults or issuing the EPC "Go to
Power Condition" subcommand at a rate exceeding the default timers may limit this products reliability and
data integrity.
PowerChoice Supported Extended Power Condition Feature Subcommands
EPC Subcommand Description
00
01
02
03
H
H
H
H
Restore Power Condition Settings
Go to Power Condition
Set Power Condition Timer
Set Power Condition State
PowerChoice Supported Extended Power Condition Indentifiers
Power Condition Identifiers Power Condition Name
00
H
01 - 80
81
H
82
H
83
H
84 - FE
FF
H
H
H
Standby_z
Reserved
Idle_a
Idle_b
Idle_c
Reserved
All EPC Power Conditions
16 Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. G
3.9 Environmental limits
HDA Temp.
Check Point
Temperature and humidity values experienced by the drive must be such that condensation does not occur on
any drive part. Altitude and atmospheric pressure specifications are referenced to a standard day at 58.7°F
(14.8°C). Maximum wet bulb temperature is 82°F (28°C).
3.9.1 Temperature
a. Operating
The drive meets the operating specifications over a 41°F to 140°F (5°C to 60°C) drive case temperature
range with a maximum temperature gradient of 36°F (20°C) per hour.
The maximum allowable drive case temperature is 60°C. See Figure 3 for HDA case temperature
measurement location
The MTBF specification for the drive assumes the operating environment is designed to maintain nominal
case temperature. The rated MTBF is based upon a sustained case temperature of 104°F (40°C).
Occasional excursions in operatin g temperature between the rat ed MTBF temperature and the ma ximum
drive operating case temperature may occur without impact to the rated MTBF temperature. However,
continual or sustained operation at case temperatures beyond the rated MTBF temperature will degrade the
drive MTBF and reduce product reliability.
Air flow may be required to achieve consiste nt nominal case temperature values (see Section 4.4). To confirm that the required cooling is provided for the electronics and HDA, place the drive in its final mechanical
configuration, and perform random write/read operations. After the temperatures stabilize, measure the
case temperature of the drive.
b. Non-operating
–40° to 158°F (–40° to 70°C) package ambient with a maximum gradient of 36°F (20°C) per hour. This
specification assumes that the drive is packaged in the shipping cont ainer designed by Seagate for use with
drive.
Figure 3. HDA temperature checkpoint
Note. Image is for reference only, may not represent actual drive.
Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. G 17
3.9.2 Humidity
3.9.2.1 Relative humidity
Operating: 5% to 90% noncondensing (30% per hour max)
Nonoperating: 5% to 95% noncondensing (30% per hour max)
3.9.3 Altitude
Operating: –60.96 m to 3,048 m (–200 ft. to 10,000+ ft.)
Nonoperating: –60.96 m to 12,192 m (–200 ft. to 40,000+ ft.)
3.9.4 Shock
All shock specifications assume that th
e drive is mounted securely with the input shock applied at the drive
mounting screws. Shock may be applied in the X, Y or Z axis.
3.9.4.1 Operating shock
These drives comply with the pe
rformance levels specified in this document when subjected to a maximum
operating shock of 70 Gs (read) and 40 Gs (write) based on half-sine shock pulses of 2 ms . Sh oc ks sho u ld no t
be repeated more than two times per second.
3.9.4.2 Nonoperating shock 1TB and 500GB models
The nonoperating shock level that the drive can experien
ce without incurring physical damage or degradation
in performance when subsequently put into operation is 35 0 Gs based on a nonr epetitive half-sin e shock pulse
of 2ms duration.
2TB models
The nonoperating shock level that the drive can experien
ce without incurring physical damage or degradation
in performance when subsequently put into operation is 30 0 Gs based on a nonr epetitive half-sin e shock pulse
of 2ms duration.
18 Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. G
3.9.5 Vibration
All vibration specifications assume
that the drive is mounted securely with the input vibration applied at the
drive mounting screws. Vibration may be applied in the X, Y or Z axis.
3.9.5.1 Operating vibration
The maximum vibration levels that the drive may experie
nce while meeting the performance standards speci-
fied in this document are specified below.
5–22 Hz 0.25 Gs
22–350 Hz 0.50 Gs
350–500 Hz 0.25 Gs
20 - 1500Hz
*(RROV)
* Rotary Random Operating Vibration
12.5 rads/s
2
w/RVFF
3.9.5.2 Nonoperating vibration
The maximum nonoperating vibration levels that the drive
may experience without incurring physical damage
or degradation in performance when subsequently put into operation ar e specified below.
10–500 Hz
Linear Random
4.9 Grms ref
3.10 Acoustics
Drive acoustics are measured as overall A-weighted acoustic sound power levels (no pure tones). All measurements are consistent with ISO document 7779. Sound power measurements are taken under essentially
free-field conditions over a reflecting plane. For all tests, the drive is oriented with the cover facing upward.
Note. Fo
Table 5: Fluid Dynamic Bearing (FDB) motor acoustics
ST32000644NS 2.7 bels (typ)
ST31000524NS 2.2 bels (typ)
ST3500514NS 1.9 bels (typ)
*During periods of drive idle, some offline activity may occur according to the S.M.A.R. T. specification, which may increase acoustic and
power to operational levels.
r seek mode tests, the drive is placed in seek mode on ly. The number of seeks per second is defined
by the following equation:
(Number of seeks per second = 0.4 / (average latency + average access time)
Idle* Performance seek
3.0 bels (typ)
2.9 bels (max)
2.5 bels (max)
2.3 bels (max)
3.3 bels (max)
2.8 bels (typ)
3.1 bels (max)
2.7 bels (typ)
3.0 bels (max)
Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. G 19
3.11 Test for Prominent Discrete Tones (PDTs)
Seagate follows the ECMA-74 standards for measurement and identification of PDTs. An exception to this
process is the use of the absolute threshold of hearing. Seagate uses this threshold curve (originated in ISO
389-7) to discern tone audibility and to compensate for the inaudible components of sound prior to computation
of tone ratios according to Annex D of the ECMA-74 standards.
3.12 Electromagnetic immunity
When properly installed in a representative host syst em, the drive operates without errors or degradation in
performance when subjected to the radio frequency (RF) environments defined in the follo wing table:
Table 6: Radio frequency environments
Test Description Performance level Reference standard
Electrostatic
discharge
Radiated RF
immunity
Electrical fast
transient
Surge immunity ± 1 kV differential, ± 2 kV common, AC mains B EN 61000-4-5: 95
Conducted RF
immunity
Voltage dips,
interrupts
Contact, HCP, VCP: ± 4
80 to 1000 MHz, 3 V/m,
80% AM with 1 kHz sine
900 MHz, 3 V/m, 50% pulse modulation @ 200 Hz
± 1 kV on AC mains, ± 0.5 kV on external I/O B EN 61000-4-4: 95
150 kHz to 80 MHz, 3 Vrms, 80% AM with 1 kHz sine A EN 61000-4-6: 97
0% open, 5 seconds
0% short, 5 seconds
40%, 0.10 seconds
70%, 0.01 seconds
kV; Air: ± 8 kV B EN 61000-4-2: 95
A EN 61000-4-3: 96
C
C
C
B
ENV 50204: 95
EN 61000-4-11: 94
20 Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. G
3.13 Reliability
3.13.1 Annualized Failure Rate (AFR) and Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF)
The product shall achieve an Annualized Failure Rate (AFR) of 0.73% (MTBF of 1.2 million hours) when operated nominal power and typical case temperatures of 40°C. Operation at temperatures outside the specifications in Section 3.9 may increase the product AFR (decrease MTBF). AFR and MTBF are population statistics
that are not relevant to individual units.
AFR and MTBF specifications are based on the following assumptions for business critical storage system
environments:
• 8,760 power-on-hours per year.
• Operations at nominal voltages.
• Temperatures outside the specifications in Section 3.9 may reduce thee product reliability.
• Normal I/O duty cycle for enterprise nearline applications. Operation at excessive I/O duty cycle may
degrade product reliability.
The enterprise application nearline environment of power-on-hours, temperature, and I/O duty cycle affect the
product AFR and MTBF.
Nonrecoverable read errors 1 per 1015 bits read, max
Annualized Failure Rate (AFR) 0.73% (nominal power, 40°C case temperature)
Load unload cycles 300,000 cycles
Warranty To determine the warranty for a specific drive, use a web browser to access the
following web page: support.sea
gate.com/customer/warranty_validation.jsp
From this page, click on the "Verify Your Warranty" link. You will be asked to provide
the drive serial number, model number (or part number) and country of purchase.The
system will display the warranty information for your drive.
Preventive maintenance None required.
Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. G 21
3.14 Agency certification
3.14.1 Safety certification
These products are certified to meet the requirements of UL60950-1, CSA60950-1 and EN60950 and so
marked as to the certify agency.
3.14.2 Electromagnetic compatibility
Hard drives that display the CE mark comply with the European Union (EU) requirements specified in the Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive (2004/108/EC) as put into place 20 July 2007. Testing is performed to the
levels specified by the product standards for Information Technology Equipment (ITE). Emission levels are
defined by EN 55022, Class B and the immunity levels are defined by EN 55024.
Drives are tested in representative end-user systems. Although CE-marked Seagate drives comply with the
directives when used in the test systems, we cannot guarantee that all systems will comply with the directives.
The drive is designed for operation inside a properly designed enclosure, with properly shielded I/O cable (if
necessary) and terminators on all unused I/O ports. Computer manufacturers and system integrators should
confirm EMC compliance and provide CE marking for their products.
Korean RRL
If these drives have the Korean Communications Commission (KCC) logo, they comply with paragraph 1 of
Article 11 of the Electromagnetic Compatibility control Regulation and meet the Electromagnetic Compatibility
(EMC) Framework requirements of the Radio Research Laboratory (RRL) Communications Commission,
Republic of Korea.
These drives have been tested and comply with the Electromagnetic Interference/Electromagnetic
Susceptibility (EMI/EMS) for Class B products. Drives are tested in a representative, end-user system by a
Korean-recognized lab.
• Family name: Constellation ES
• Certificate number: STX-Constell-ES (B)
Australian C-Tick (N176)
If these models have the C-Tick marking, they comply with the Australia/New Zealand Standard AS/NZ
CISPR22 and meet the Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Framework requirements of the Australian
Communication Authority (ACA).
3.14.3 FCC verification
These drives are intended to be contained solely with in a pe rsonal com puter or simila r enclosur e ( not attached
as an external device). As such, each drive is considered to be a subassembly even when it is individually
marketed to the customer. As a subassembly, no Federal Communications Commission verification or
certification of the device is required.
Seagate has tested this device in enclosures as described above to ensure that the total assembly (enclosure,
disc drive, motherboard, power supply, etc.) does comply with the limits for a Class B computing device,
pursuant to Subpart J, Part 15 of the FCC rules. Operation with noncertified asse mblies is likely to result in
interference to radio and television recep tio n.
Radio and television interference. This equipment generates and uses radio frequency energy and if not
installed and used in strict accordanc e with the manufacturer’s instructions, may cause interference to radio
and television reception.
This equipment is designed to provide reasonable protection against such interference in a residential
installation. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this
22 Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. G
equipment does cause interference to radio or television, which can be determined by turning the equipment
O"
RoHS MCV
X "
RoHS MCV
on and off, you are encouraged to try one or more of the following corrective measures:
• Reorient the receiving antenna.
• Move the device to one side or the other of the radio or TV.
• Move the device farther away from the radio or TV.
• Plug the computer into a different outlet so that the r
eceiver and computer are on different branch outlets.
If necessary, you should consult your dealer or an expe
suggestions. You may find helpful the following booklet prepared by the Federal Communications Commission:
How to Identify and Resolve Radio-Television Interference Problems. This booklet is available from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402. Refer to publication number 004-000-00345-4.
rienced radio/television technician for additional
3.15 Environmental protection
Seagate designs its products to meet environme ntal protection requirements worldwide, including regulations
restricting certain chemical substances.
3.15.1 European Union Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS) Directive
Seagate designs its products to meet environme ntal protection
restricting certain chemical substances. A new law, the European Union Restriction of Hazardous Substances
(RoHS) Directive, restricts the presence of chemical substances, including Lead, Cadmium, Mercury,
Hexavalent Chromium, PBB and PBDE, in electronic products, effective July 2006. This drive is manufactured
with components and materials that comply with the RoHS Directive.
3.15.2 China Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS) Directive
This product has an Environmental Protection Use Period (EPUP) of 20 years. The following
table contains information mandated by China's "Marking Requirements for Control of Pollution
Caused by Electronic Information Products" Standard.
requirements worldwide, including regulations
中国限制危险物品的指令
"O" indicates the hazardous and toxic substa nce content of the p art (at the homogenou s material level) is lower
than the threshold defined by the China RoHS MCV Standard.
表示该部件（于同类物品程度上）所含的危险和有毒物质低于中国
"X" indicates the hazardous and toxic substance content of the part (at the homogenous material level) is over
the threshold defined by the China RoHS MCV Standard.
表示该部件（于同类物品程度上）所含的危险和有毒物质超出中国
Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. G 23
标准所定义的门槛值。
标准所定义的门槛值。
3.16 Corrosive environment
Seagate electronic drive components pass accelerated corrosion testing equivalent to 10 years exposure to
light industrial environments containing sulfurous gases, chlorine and nitric oxide, classes G and H per ASTM
B845. However, this accelerated testing cannot duplicate every potential application environment. Users
should use caution exposing any electronic components to uncontrolled chemical pollutants and corrosive
chemicals as electronic drive component reliability can be affected by the installation environment. The silver,
copper, nickel and gold films used in Seagate product s are especially sensitive to the presence of sulfide, chloride, and nitrate contaminants. Sulfur is found to be the most damaging. In addition, electronic components
should never be exposed to condensing water on the surface of the printed circuit board assembly (PCBA) or
exposed to an ambient relative humidity greater than 95%. Materials used in cabinet fabrication , such as vulcanized rubber, that can outgas corrosive compounds should be minimized or eliminated. The useful life of any
electronic equipment may be extended by replacing materials near circuitry with sulfide-free alternatives.
24 Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. G
4.0 Configuring and mounting the drive
This section contains the specifications and instructions for configuring and mounting the drive.
4.1 Handling and static-discharge precautions
After unpacking, and before installation, the drive may be exposed to potential handling and electrostatic discharge (ESD) hazards. Observe the following standard handling and static-discharge precautions:
Caution:
• Before handling the drive, put on a grounded wrist str ap , or ground yourself frequently by touching the metal
chassis of a computer that is plugged into a grounded outlet. Wea r a grounded wrist strap throughout the entire
installation procedure.
• Handle the drive by its edges or frame only.
• The drive is extremely fragile—handle it with care. Do not press down on the drive top cover.
• Always rest the drive on a padded, antistatic surface until you mount it in the computer.
• Do not touch the connector pins or the printed circuit board.
• Do not remove the factory-installed labels from the dr ive or cover them with additional labels. Removal voids
the warranty. Some factory-installed labels contain information needed to service the drive. Other labels are
used to seal out dirt and contamination.
Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. G 25
4.2 Configuring the drive
Power cable
Signal cable
Signal connector
Power connector
Each drive on the Serial ATA interface connects point-to-point with the Serial ATA host adapter. There is no
master/slave relationship because each drive is considered a master in a point-to-point relationship. If two
drives are attached on one Serial ATA host adapter, the host operating system views the two devices as if they
were both “masters” on two separate ports. Both drives behave as if they are Device 0 (master) devices.
4.3 Serial ATA cables and connectors
The Serial ATA interface cable consists of four conductors in two differential pairs, plus three ground connections. The cable size may be 30 to 26 AWG with a maximum length of one meter (39.37 in). See Table 7 for
connector pin definitions. Either end of the SATA signal cable can be attached to the drive or host.
For direct backplane connection, the drive connectors are inserted directly into the host receptacle. The drive
and the host receptacle incorporate features that enable the direct connection to be hot pluggable and blind
mateable.
For installations which require cables, you can connect the drive as illustrated in Figure 4.
Figure 4. Attaching SATA cabling
Each cable is keyed to ensure correct orientation. Constellation ES Serial ATA drives support latching SATA
connectors.
26 Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. G
4.4 Drive mounting
Breather
Hole
mm
in
mm
in
mm
in
You can mount the drive in any orientation using four screws in the side-mounting holes or four screws in the
bottom-mounting holes. See Figure 5 for drive mounting dimensions. Follow these important mounting precautions when mounting the drive:
• Allow a minimum clearance of 0.030 in (0.76mm) aroun
• Use only 6-32 UNC mounting screws.
• The screws should be inserted no more than 0.150 in (3.81mm) into the bottom or side mounting holes.
• Do not overtighten the mounting screws (maximum torque: 6 in-lb).
Note. These dimensions conform to the Small Form Factor Standards documented in SFF-8301 and
SFF-8323, found at
www.sffcommittee.org
d the entire perimeter of the drive for cooling.
Figure 5. Mounting dimensions—top, side and end view
Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. G 27
5.0 Serial ATA (SATA) interface
These drives use the industry-standard Serial ATA interface that supports FIS data transfers. It supports ATA
programmed input/output (PIO) modes 0–4; multiword DMA modes 0–2, and Ultra DMA modes 0– 6.
For detailed information about the Serial ATA interface, refer to the “Serial ATA: High Speed Serialized AT
Attachment” specification.
5.1 Hot-Plug compatibility
Constellation ES Serial ATA drives incorporate co nnecto rs which enab le you to hot plug th ese drive s in accordance with the Serial ATA Revision 2.6 specification. This specification can be downloaded from www.serialata.org.
Caution:
The drive motor must come to a complete stop (Ready to spindle stop time indicated in Section 3.7)
prior to changing the plane of operation. This time is required to insure data integrity.
28 Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. G
5.2 Serial ATA device plug connector pin definitions
Table 7 summarizes the signals on the Serial ATA interface and power connectors.
Table 7: Serial ATA connector pin definitions
Segment Pin Function Definition
S1 Ground 2nd mate
S2 A+ Differential signal pair A from Phy
S3 AS4 Ground 2nd mate
S5 B- Differential signal pair B from Phy
S6 B+
Signal
S7 Ground 2nd mate
Key and spacing separate signal and power segments
P1 V
P2 V
P3 V
33
33
33
3.3V power
3.3V power
3.3V power, pre-charge, 2nd mate
P4 Ground 1st mate
P5 Ground 2nd mate
P6 Ground 2nd mate
Power
P7 V
P8 V
P9 V
5
5
5
5V power, pre-charge, 2nd mate
5V power
5V power
P10 Ground 2nd mate
P11 Ground or LED signal If grounded, drive does not use deferred spin
P12 Ground 1st mate.
P13 V
P14 V
P15 V
12
12
12
12V power, pre-charge, 2nd mate
12V power
12V power
Notes:
1. All pins are in a single row, with a 1.27mm (0.050”) pitch.
2. The comments on the mating sequence apply to the case of backplane blindmate connector only. In this
case, the mating sequences are:
• the ground pins P4 and P12.
• the pre-charge power pins and the other ground pins.
• the signal pins and the rest of the power pins.
3. There are three power pins for each voltage. One pin from each voltage is used for pre-charge when
installed in a blind-mate backplane configuration.
4. All used voltage pins (Vx) must be terminated.
Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. G 29
5.3 Supported ATA commands
The following table lists Serial ATA standard commands that the drive supports. For a detailed description of
the ATA commands, refer to the Serial ATA: High Speed Serialized AT Attachment specification. See
“S.M.A.R.T. commands” on page 37.for details and subcommands used in the S.M.A.R.T. implemen tation.
Table 8: Supported ATA commands
Command name Command code (in hex)
Check Power Mode E5
H
Device Configuration Freeze Lock B1H / C1
Device Configuration Identify B1H / C2
Device Configuration Restore B1H / C0
Device Configuration Set B1H / C3
Device Reset 08
Download Microcode 92
Execute Device Diagnostics 90
Flush Cache E7
Flush Cache Extended EA
Format Track 50
Identify Device EC
Idle E3
Idle Immediate E1
Initialize Device Parameters 91
Read Buffer E4
Read DMA C8
Read DMA Extended 25
Read DMA Without Retries C9
Read Log Ext 2F
Read Multiple C4
Read Multiple Extended 29
Read Native Max Address F8
Read Native Max Address Extended 27
Read Sectors 20
Read Sectors Extended 24
Read Sectors Without Retries 21
Read Verify Sectors 40
Read Verify Sectors Extended 42
Read Verify Sectors Without Retries 41
Recalibrate 10
Security Disable Password F6
Security Erase Prepare F3
Security Erase Unit F4
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
30 Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. G
Command name Command code (in hex)
Security Freeze F5
Security Set Password F1
Security Unlock F2
Seek 70
Set Features EF
Set Max Address F9
Note: Individual Set Max Address
commands are identified by the value
placed in the Set Max Features register as defined to the right.
H
H
H
H
H
H
Address:
Password:
Lock:
Unlock:
Freeze Lock:
Set Max Address Extended 37
Set Multiple Mode C6
Sleep E6
S.M.A.R.T. Disable Operations B0H / D9
S.M.A.R.T. Enable/Disable Autosave B0H / D2
S.M.A.R.T. Enable Operations B0H / D8
S.M.A.R.T. Execute Offline B0H / D4
S.M.A.R.T. Read Attribute Thresholds B0H / D1
S.M.A.R.T. Read Data B0H / D0
S.M.A.R.T. Read Log Sector B0H / D5
S.M.A.R.T. Return Status B0H / DA
S.M.A.R.T. Save Attribute Values B0H / D3
S.M.A.R.T. Write Log Sector B0H / D6
Standby E2
Standby Immediate E0
Write Buffer E8
Write DMA CA
Write DMA Extended 35
Write DMA FUA Extended 3D
Write DMA Without Retries CB
Write Log Extended 3F
Write Multiple C5
Write Multiple Extended 39
Write Multiple FUA Extended CE
Write Sectors 30
Write Sectors Without Retries 31
Write Sectors Extended 34
Write Uncorrectable 45
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
00
01
02
03
04
H
H
H
H
H
Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. G 31
5.3.1 Identify Device command
The Identify Device command (command code ECH) transfers information about the drive to the host following
power up. The data is organized as a single 512 -byte block of data, whose contents are sho wn in Ta ble 8 on
page 30. All reserved bits or words should be set to zero. Paramete rs listed with an “x” are drive-specific or
vary with the state of the drive. See Section 3.0 on page 4 for default parameter settings.
The following commands contain drive-specific features that may not be included in the Serial ATA
specification.
Word Description Value
Configuration information:
0
1 Number of logical cylinders 16,383
• Bit 15: 0 = ATA; 1 = ATAPI
• Bit 7: removable media
• Bit 6: removable controller
• Bit 0: reserved
0C5A
H
2 ATA-reserved 0000
3 Number of logical heads 16
4 Retired 0000
5 Retired 0000
6 Number of logical sectors per logical track: 63 003F
7–9 Retired 0000
10–19 Serial number: (20 ASCII characters, 0000H = none) ASCII
20 Retired 0000
21 Retired 0400
22 Obsolete 0000
23–26
27–46
47
Firmware revision
(8 ASCII character string, padded with blanks to end of string)
Drive model number:
(40 ASCII characters, padded with blanks to end of string)
(Bits 7–0) Maximum sectors per interrupt on Read multiple and Write
multiple (16)
x.xx
8010
48 Reserved 0000
49 Standard Standby timer, IORDY supported and may be disabled 2F00
50 ATA-reserved 0000
51 PIO data-transfer cycle timing mode 0200
52 Retired 0200
53 Words 54–58, 64–70 and 88 are valid 0007
54 Number of current logical cylinders xxxx
55 Number of current logical heads xxxx
56 Number of current logical sectors per logical track xxxx
57–58 Current capacity in sectors xxxx
59
Number of sectors transferred during a Read Multiple
or Write Multiple command
xxxx
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
32 Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. G
Word Description Value
Total number of user-addressable LBA sectors available
(see Section 3.2 for related information)
60–61
*Note: The maximum value allowed in this field is: 0FFFFFFFh
(268,435,455 sectors, 137GB). Drives with capacities over 137GB will
0FFFFFFFh*
have 0FFFFFFFh in this field and the actual number of user-addressable LBAs specified in words 100-103. This is required for drives that
support the 48-bit addressing feature.
62 Retired 0000
63
Multiword DMA active and modes supported
(see note following this table)
xx07
64 Advanced PIO modes supported (modes 3 and 4 supported) 0003
65 Minimum multiword DMA transfer cycle time per word (120 ns) 0078
66
Recommended multiword DMA transfer cycle time per word
(120 ns)
0078
67 Minimum PIO cycle time without IORDY flow control (240 ns) 00F0
68 Minimum PIO cycle time with IORDY flow control (120 ns) 0078
69–74 ATA-reserved 0000
75 Queue depth 001F
76 Serial ATA capabilities xxxx
77 Reserved for future Serial ATA definition xxxx
78 Serial ATA features supported xxxx
79 Serial ATA features enabled xxxx
80 Major version number 003E
81 Minor version number 0028
82 Command sets supported 364B
83 Command sets supported 7C03
4003
(4003H = 0100000000000011
binary)
84
Command sets support extension
(see note following this table)
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
See Word 108-111 note.
H
85 Command sets enabled 30xx
86 Command sets enabled 0001
87 Command sets enable extension 4000
88 Ultra DMA support and current mode (see note following this table) xx3F
89 Security erase time 0000
90 Enhanced security erase time 0000
92 Master password revision code FFFE
93 Hardware reset value xxxx
95–99 ATA-reserved 0000
Total number of user-addressable LBA sectors available (see Section
100–103
3.2 for related information). These words are required for drives that
support the 48-bit addressing feature. Maximum value:
0000FFFFFFFFFFFFh.
104–107 ATA-reserved 0000
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
ST32000644NS = 3,907,029,168
ST31000524NS = 1,953,525,168
ST3500514NS = 976,773,168
H
Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. G 33
Word Description Value
108–111 The mandatory value of the world wide name (WWN) for the drive.
NOTE: This field is valid if word 84, bit 8 is set to 1 indicating 64-bit
Each drive will have a unique
value.
WWN support.
1 12–127 ATA-reserved 0000
128 Security status 0001
129–159 Seagate-reserved xxxx
160–254 ATA-reserved 0000
255 Integrity word xxA5
Note. See the bit descriptions below for words 63, 84, and 88 of the Identify Drive data.
Description (if bit is set to 1)
Bit Word 63
0 Multiword DMA mode 0 is supported.
1 Multiword DMA mode 1 is supported.
H
H
H
H
H
2 Multiword DMA mode 2 is supported.
8 Multiword DMA mode 0 is currently active.
9 Multiword DMA mode 1 is currently active.
10 Multiword DMA mode 2 is currently active.
Bit Word 84
0 SMART error logging is supported.
1 SMART self-test is supported.
2 Media serial number is supported.
3 Media Card Pass Through Command feature set is supported.
4 Streaming feature set is supported.
5 GPL feature set is supported.
6 WRITE DMA FUA EXT and WRITE MULTIPLE FUA EXT commands are supported.
7 WRITE DMA QUEUED FUA EXT command is supported.
8 64-bit World Wide Name is supported.
9-10 Obsolete.
11-12 Reserved for TLC.
13 IDLE IMMEDIATE command with IUNLOAD feature is supported.
14 Shall be set to 1.
15 Shall be cleared to 0.
34 Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. G
Bit Word 88
0 Ultra DMA mode 0 is supported.
1 Ultra DMA mode 1 is supported.
2 Ultra DMA mode 2 is supported.
3 Ultra DMA mode 3 is supported.
4 Ultra DMA mode 4 is supported.
5 Ultra DMA mode 5 is supported.
6 Ultra DMA mode 6 is supported.
8 Ultra DMA mode 0 is currently active.
9 Ultra DMA mode 1 is currently active.
10 Ultra DMA mode 2 is currently active.
11 Ultra DMA mode 3 is currently active.
12 Ultra DMA mode 4 is currently active.
13 Ultra DMA mode 5 is currently active.
14 Ultra DMA mode 6 is currently active.
Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. G 35
5.3.2 Set Features command
This command controls the implementation of various feat ures that the drive support s. When the drive receives
this command, it sets BSY, checks the contents of the Features register, clears BSY and generates an interrupt. If the value in the register does not represent a feature that the drive supports, the command is aborted.
Power-on default has the read look-ahead and write caching features enabled. The acceptable values for the
Features register are defined as follows:
Table 9: Set Features command values
02
03
10
55
82
90
AA
F1
Enable write cache (default).
H
Set transfer mode (based on value in Sector Count register).
H
Sector Count register values:
00
Set PIO mode to default (PIO mode 2).
H
01
Set PIO mode to default and disable IORDY (PIO mode 2).
H
08HPIO mode 0
09HPIO mode 1
0A
PIO mode 2
H
0BHPIO mode 3
0CHPIO mode 4 (default)
20
Multiword DMA mode 0
H
21HMultiword DMA mode 1
22HMultiword DMA mode 2
40
Ultra DMA mode 0
H
41HUltra DMA mode 1
42HUltra DMA mode 2
43
Ultra DMA mode 3
H
44HUltra DMA mode 4
45HUltra DMA mode 5
46
Ultra DMA mode 6
H
Enable use of SATA features
H
Disable read look-ahead (read cache) feature.
H
Disable write cache
H
Disable use of SATA features
H
Enable read look-ahead (read cache) feature (default).
H
Report full capacity available
H
Note. At power-on, or after a hardware or software reset, the default values of the features are as indi-
cated above.
36 Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. G
5.3.3 S.M.A.R.T. commands
S.M.A.R.T. provides near-term failure prediction for disc drives. When S.M.A.R.T. is enabled, the drive monitors predetermined drive attributes that are susceptible to degradation over time. If self-monitoring determines
that a failure is likely, S.M.A.R.T. makes a status report available to the host. Not all failures are predictable.
S.M.A.R.T. predictability is limited to the attributes the drive can monitor. For more information on S.M.A.R.T.
commands and implementation, see the Draft ATA-5 Standard.
SeaTools diagnostic software activates a built-in drive self-test (DST S.M.A.R.T. command for D4
) that elimi-
H
nates unnecessary drive returns. The diagnostic software ships with all new drives and is also available at:
http://seatools.sea
gate.com.
This drive is shipped with S.M.A.R.T. features disabled. Y o u must ha ve a recent BIOS or software p ackage that
supports S.M.A.R.T. to enable this feature. The table below shows the S.M.A.R.T. command codes that the
drive uses.
Table 10: S.M.A.R.T. commands
Code in features register S.M.A.R.T. command
D0
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D8
D9
DA
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
S.M.A.R.T. Read Data
S.M.A.R.T. Enable/Disabl e Attribute Autosave
S.M.A.R.T. Save Attribute Values
S.M.A.R.T. Execute Off-line Immediate (runs DST)
S.M.A.R.T. Read Log Sector
S.M.A.R.T. Write Log Sector
S.M.A.R.T. Enable Operations
S.M.A.R.T. Disable Operations
S.M.A.R.T. Return Status
Note. If an appropriate code is not written to the Features Register, the command is aborted and 0x 04
(abort) is written to the Error register.
Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. G 37
38 Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. G
Index
A
ACA 22
acoustics 19
Active 14
Active mode 14
actuator arm 8
Agency certification 22
altitude 18
ambient 17
ambient temperature 7, 8
Annualized Failure Rate (AFR) 21
areal density 2, 6
ATA commands 30
Australia/New Zealand Standard AS/NZ CISPR22 22
Australian Communication Authority (ACA) 22
Australian C-Tick 22
average idle current 9, 10, 11
Average latency 7
Average seek time 7
B
BPI 6
buffer 7
C
cables and connectors 26
cache 7
capacity 6
CE mark 22
certification 22
Check Power Mode 30
China RoHS directive 23
compatibility 22
Conducted noise 13
Conducted RF immunity 20
Configuring the drive 25
connectors 26
Corrosive environment 24
CSA60950-1 22
Cylinders 6
D
data-transfer rates 2
DC power 8
Default logical geometry 6
density 6
Device Configuration Freeze Lock 30
Device Configuration Identify 30
Device Configuration Restore 30
Device Configuration Set 30
Device Reset 30
dimensions 27
disc surface 8
Download Microcode 30
E
Electrical fast transient 20
Electromagnetic compatibility 22
Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) 22
Electromagnetic Compatibility control Regulation 22
Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive (2004/108/
EC)
22
Electromagnetic immunity 20
Electrostatic discharge 20
electrostatic discharge (ESD) 25
EN 55022, Class B 22
EN 55024 22
EN60950 22
enclosures 22
environmental
limits 17
error-correction algorithms 2
errors 21
ESD 25
EU 22
EU RoHS directive 23
European Union (EU) requirements 22
Execute Device Diagnostics 30
F
FCC verification 22
features 2
Flush Cache 30
Flush Cache Extended 30
Format Track 30
Formatted capacity 6
G
geometry 6
gradient 17
guaranteed sectors 6
H
Handling precautions 25
heads 6
humidity 18
humidity limits 17
I
I/O data-transfer rate 6
Identify Device 30
Identify Device command 32
Idle 14, 30
Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. G 39
Idle Immediate 30
Idle mode 8, 14
Information Technology Equipment (ITE) 22
Initialize Device Parameters 30
Input noise ripple 13
input voltage 8
interface 6, 28
interference 22
internal data-transfer rate OD 6
is 7
ISO document 7779 19
ITE 22
power consumption 8
Power modes 14
Power specifications 8
Power-management modes 14
Power-on to Ready 7
precautions 25
printed circuit board 25
programmable power management 14
Prominent Discrete Tones 20
Q
quick reference 4
K
KCC 22
Korean Communications Commission 22
Korean RRL 22
L
latency 7
latency time 8
LBA mode 6
logical geometry 6
M
maintenance 21
master/slave 3
maximum start current 9, 10, 11
mounting 27
mounting screws 18
mounting the drive 25
N
noise 13
nominal power 7
non-operating
temperature 17
Nonoperating shock 18
Nonoperating vibration 19
Nonrecoverable read errors 21
O
Operating power 8
Operating shock 18
Operating vibration 19
R
Radiated RF immunity 20
radio and television interference 22
radio frequency (RF) 20
random seeks 8
Read Buffer 30
Read DMA 30
Read DMA Extended 30
Read DMA without Retries 30
read errors 21
Read Log Ext 30
Read Multiple 30
Read Multiple Extended 30
Read Native Max Address 30
Read Native Max Address Extended 30
Read Sectors 30
Read Sectors Extended 30
Read Sectors Without Retries 30
Read Verify Sectors 30
Read Verify Sectors Extended 30
Read Verify Sectors Without Retries 30
read/write actuator arm 8
Read/write heads 6
Read/write power 8
Recalibrate 30
recording density 6
recording method 6
Recording technology 6
relative humidity 18
Reliability 21
RF 20
RMS read/write current 13
RoHS 23
RRL 22
P
PDT 20
peak operating current 9, 10, 11
Physical characteristics 7
point-to-point 3, 26
Power consumption 8
40 Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. G
S
S.M.A.R.T. Disable Operations 31
S.M.A.R.T. Enable Operations 31
S.M.A.R.T. Enable/Disable Autosave 31
S.M.A.R.T. Execute Offline 31
S.M.A.R.T. implementation 30
S.M.A.R.T. Read Attribute Thresholds 31
S.M.A.R.T. Read Data 31
S.M.A.R.T. Read Log Sector 31
S.M.A.R.T. Return Status 31
S.M.A.R.T. Save Attribute Values 31
S.M.A.R.T. Write Log sector 31
Safety certification 22
SATA 28
screws 18
sectors 6
Sectors per track 6
Security Disable Password 30
Security Erase Prepare 30
Security Erase Unit 30
Security Freeze 31
Security Set Password 31
Security Unlock 31
Seek 31
seek mode 8
Seek mode power 8
Seek time 7
Serial ATA (SATA) interface 28
serial ATA ports 3
Servo electronics 8
servo electronics 8
Set Features 31
Set Max Address 31
Set Max Address Extended 31
Set Multiple Mode 31
shipping container 17
Shock 18
single-track seeks 7
Sleep 14, 31
Sleep mode 14
sound 19
Specification summary table 4
spindle speed 6
Spinup power 8
Standby 14, 31
Standby Immediate 31
Standby mode 8, 14
standby timer 14
Standby to Ready 7
Start/stop times 7
static-discharge 25
subassembly 22
support services 1
Surge immunity 20
timer 14
timers 14
track density 6
Track-to-track 7
Track-to-track seek time 7
U
UL60950-1 22
V
Vibration 19
voltage 8
Voltage dips, interrupts 20
Voltage tolerance 13
W
weight 7
wet bulb temperature 18
Write Buffer 31
Write DMA 31
Write DMA Extended 31
Write DMA FUA Extended 31
Write DMA Without Retries 31
Write Log Extended 31
Write Multiple 31
Write Multiple Extended 31
Write Multiple FUA Extended 31
Write Sectors 31
Write Sectors Extended 31
Write Sectors Without Retries 31
Write Uncorrectable 31
T
technical support services 1
temperature 7, 17
limits 17
non-operating 17
Test for Prominent Discrete Tones 20
Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. G 41
42 Constellation ES Serial ATA Product Manual, Rev. G
Seagate Technology LLC
920 Disc Drive, Scotts Valley, California 95066-4544, USA
Publication Number: 100516232, Rev. G
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