Seagate SAVVIO FC User Manual

Product Manual

Savvio FC

ST973401FC
ST936701FC

100293077
Rev . D
August 2007

Copyright © 2005-2007 Seagate Technology LLC. All rights reserved. Printed in U.S.A.
Publication number: 100293077, Rev. D, AugustMay 2007
Seagate, Seagate Technology and the Wave logo are registered trademarks of Seagate Technology LLC

in the United States and/or other countries. Savvio, SeaTools and SeaTDD are either trademarks or regis­tered trademarks of Seagate Technology LLC or one of its affiliated companies in the United States and/or
other countries. All other trademarks or registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners.

One gigabyte, or GB, equals one billion bytes when referring to hard drive capacity. Accessible capacity
may vary depending on operating environment and formatting. Quantitative usage examples for various
applications are for illustrative purposes. Actual quantities will vary based on various factors, including file
size, file format, features and application software. Seagate reserves the right to change, without notice,
product offerings or specifications.

Savvio FC Product Manual, Rev. D

i

Contents

1.0 Scope. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

2.0 Applicable standards and reference documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

2.1 Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

2.1.1 Electromagnetic compatibility. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

2.1.2 Electromagnetic compliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

2.2 Reference documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

3.0 General description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

3.1 Standard features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

3.2 Media description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

3.3 Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

3.4 Reliability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

3.5 Formatted capacities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

3.5.1 Programmable drive capacity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

3.6 Factory-installed accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

3.7 Factory-installed options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

3.8 User-installed accessories. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

4.0 Performance characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

4.1 Internal drive characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

4.2 Seek performance characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

4.2.1 Access time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

4.2.2 Format command execution time for ≥ 512-byte sectors (minutes) . . . . . . . . . 12

4.2.3 General performance characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

4.3 Start/stop time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

4.4 Prefetch/multi-segmented cache control. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

4.5 Cache operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

4.5.1 Caching write data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

4.5.2 Prefetch operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

4.5.3 Optimizing cache performance for desktop and server applications . . . . . . . . . 15

5.0 Reliability specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

5.1 Error rates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

5.1.1 Recoverable Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

5.1.2 Unrecoverable Errors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

5.1.3 Seek errors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

5.1.4 Interface errors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

5.2 Reliability and service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

5.2.1 Mean time between failures (MTBF) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

5.2.2 Preventive maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

5.2.3 Hot plugging the drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

5.2.4 S.M.A.R.T. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

5.2.5 Thermal monitor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

5.2.6 Drive Self Test (DST). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

5.2.7 Product warranty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

6.0 Physical/electrical specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

6.1 AC power requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

6.2 DC power requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

6.2.1 Conducted noise immunity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

6.2.2 Power sequencing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

6.2.3 Current profiles. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

6.3 Power dissipation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

6.4 Environmental limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

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Savvio FC Product Manual, Rev. D

6.4.1 Temperature. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

6.4.2 Relative humidity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

6.4.3 Effective altitude (sea level) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

6.4.4 Shock and vibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

6.4.5 Air cleanliness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

6.4.6 Corrosive environment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

6.4.7 Acoustics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

6.4.8 Electromagnetic susceptibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

6.5 Mechanical specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

7.0 Defect and error management. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

7.1 Drive internal defects/errors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

7.2 Drive error recovery procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

7.3 FC-AL system errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

8.0 Installation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

8.1 Drive orientation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

8.2 Cooling. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

8.3 Drive mounting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

8.4 Grounding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

9.0 Interface requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

9.1 FC-AL features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

9.1.1 Fibre Channel link service frames . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

9.1.2 Fibre Channel task management functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

9.1.3 Fibre Channel task management responses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

9.1.4 Fibre Channel port login. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

9.1.5 Fibre Channel port login accept . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

9.1.6 Fibre Channel Process Login. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

9.1.7 Fibre Channel Process Login Accept. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

9.1.8 Fibre Channel fabric login. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

9.1.9 Fibre Channel fabric accept login. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

9.1.10 Fibre Channel Arbitrated Loop options. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

9.2 Dual port support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

9.3 SCSI commands supported. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

9.3.1 Inquiry data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

9.3.2 Mode Sense data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

9.4 Miscellaneous operating features and conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

9.5 FC-AL physical interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

9.5.1 Physical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

9.5.2 Connector requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

9.5.3 Electrical description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

9.5.4 Pin descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

9.5.5 FC-AL transmitters and receivers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63

9.5.6 Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63

9.5.7 Fault LED Out. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63

9.5.8 Active LED Out. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64

9.5.9 Enable port bypass signals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64

9.5.10 Motor start controls. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64

9.5.11 SEL_6 through SEL_0 ID lines. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

9.5.12 Device control codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

9.6 Signal characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

9.6.1 TTL input characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

9.6.2 Differential PECL output. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68

9.6.3 Differential PECL input. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68

10.0 Seagate Technology support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

Savvio FC Product Manual, Rev. D

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List of Figures

Figure 1. Savvio family disc drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Figure 2. Typical ST973401FC drive +12V current profile. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

Figure 3. Typical ST973401FC drive +5V current profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Figure 4. Typical ST936701FC drive +12V current profile. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Figure 5. Typical ST936701FC drive +5V current profile. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

Figure 6. ST973401FC DC current and power vs. input/output operations per second at 1 Gbit . . . . . 30

Figure 7. ST973401FC DC current and power vs. input/output operations per second at 2 Gbit . . . . . 30

Figure 8. ST936701FC DC current and power vs. input/output operations per second at 1 Gbit . . . . . 31

Figure 9. ST936701FC DC current and power vs. input/output operations per second at 2 Gbit . . . . . 31

Figure 10. Locations of the HDA temperature check point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

Figure 11. Recommended mounting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Figure 12. Mounting configuration dimensions (inches) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

Figure 13. Air flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

Figure 14. Physical interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

Figure 15. Port bypass circuit physical interconnect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

Figure 16. FC-AL SCA device connector dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

Figure 17. FC-AL transmitters and receivers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63

Figure 18. Transmit eye diagram. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68

Figure 19. Receive eye diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68

Savvio FC Product Manual, Rev. D

1

1.0 Scope

This manual describes Seagate Technology® LLC, Savvio® FC (Fibre Channel) disc drives.
Savvio drives supp ort the Fibre Cha nnel A r bitrate d Lo op and SCS I F ibre Chan nel Pro tocol sp ecific ations to the

extent described in this manual. The Fibre Channel Interface Manual (part number 77767496) describes the
general Fibre Channel Arbitrated Loop characteristics of this and other Seagate Fibre Channel drives.

Figure 1. Savvio family disc drive

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Savvio FC Product Manual, Rev. D

Savvio FC Product Manual, Rev. D

3

2.0 Applicable standards and reference documentation

The drive has been d evelope d as a system p eriphe ral to the hig hest st and ards of desig n and constru c tion. The
drive depends upon its host equipment to provide adequate power and environment in order to achieve opti­mum performance and compliance with applicable industry and governmental regulations. Special attention
must be given in the areas of safety, power distribution, shielding, au di ble noise con trol , an d tempe ratu re reg u­lation. In particular, the drive must be securely mounted in order to guarantee the specified performance char­acteristics. Mounting by bottom holes must meet the requirements of Section 8.3.

2.1 Standards

The Savvio family complies with Seagate standards as noted in the appropr iate sections of this manual and the
Seagate Fibre Channel Interface Manual, part number 77767496.

The Savvio disc drive is a UL recognized component per UL1950, CSA certified to CAN/CSA C22.2 No. 950­95, and VDE or TUV certified to EN60950.

2.1.1 Electromagnetic compatibility

The drive, as delivered, is designed for system integration and installation into a suitable enclosure prior to
use. As such the drive is supplied as a subassembly and is not subject to Subpart B of Part 15 of the FCC
Rules and Regulations nor the Radio Interference Regulations of the Canadian Department of Communica­tions.

The design characteristics of the drive serve to minimize radiation when installed in an enclosure that provides
reasonable shield ing. As such, t he dr ive is cap able of me eting th e C lass B l imit s of the FC C Rules a nd R eg ula­tions of the Canadian Department of Communications when properly packaged. However, it is the user’s
responsibility to assure that the drive meets the appropriate EMI requirements in their system. Shielded I/O
cables may be required if the enclosure does not provide adequate shielding. If the I/O cables are external to
the enclosure, shielded cabl es sh ould be u sed, wi th the shields gr ounde d to the enclosur e and to the host co n­troller.

2.1.1.1 Electromagn etic susc ept ibili ty

As a component assembly, the drive is not required to meet any susceptibility performance requirements. It is
the responsibility of those integrating the drive within their systems to perform those tests required and design
their system to ensure that equipment operating in the same system as the drive or external to the system
does not adversely affect the performance of the drive. See Table 2, DC power requirements.

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Savvio FC Product Manual, Rev. D

2.1.2 Electromagn etic complia nce

Seagate uses an independent laboratory to confirm compliance with the directives/standards for CE Marking
and C-Tick Marking. T he dr ive was tested in a r epre sent ative system for typica l applications. The select ed sys­tem represents the most popular characteristics for test platforms. The system configurations include:

• Typical current use microprocessor

• 3.5-inch floppy disc drive

• Keyboard

• Monitor/display

• Printer

• External modem

• Mouse
Although the test system with th is Seag ate mo del comp lies with the dir ectives/st and ards, we cannot gu aran tee

that all systems will comply. The computer manufacturer or system integrator shall confirm EMC compliance
and provide the appropriate marking for their product.

Electromagnetic compliance for the European Union

If this model has the CE Marking it complies with the European Union requirements of the Electromagnetic
Compatibility Directive 89/336/EEC of 03 May 1989 as amended by Directive 92/31/EEC of 28 April 1992 and
Directive 93/68/EEC of 22 July 1993.

Australian C-Tick

If this model has the C-Tick Marking it complies with the Australia/New Zealand Standard AS/NZS3548 1995
and meets the Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Framework requirements of Australia’s Spectrum Man­agement Agency (SMA).

Korean MIC

If this model has the Korean Min ist ry of Infor mat ion and Com munication (MIC) logo, it complie s with par agr aph
1 of Article 11 of the Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Control Regulation and meets the Electromagnetic
Compatibility Framework requirements of the Radio Research Laboratory (RRL) Ministry of Information and
Communication Republic of Korea.

Taiwanese BSMI

If this model has the Chin ese N ation al Standard (CNS) 13438 marking, i t co mpli es with C hin ese National Sta n­dard (CNS) 13438 and meets the Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Framework requirements of the Tai­wanese Bureau of Standards, Metrology, and Inspection (BSMI).

Savvio FC Product Manual, Rev. D

5

2.2 Reference documents

Savvio FC Installation Guide Seagate part number: 100293078
Fibre Channel Interface Manual Seagate part number: 77767496

ANSI Fibre Channel Documents
X3.230-1994 FC Physical and Signaling Interface (FC-PH)
X3.297.1997 FC-PH-2 Fibre Channel Physical and Signaling Interface-2
X3.303.1998 FC-PH-3 Fibre Channel Physical and Signaling Interface-3
X3.272-1996 FC Arbitrated Loop (FC-AL)
X3.269-1996 Fibre Channel Protocol for SCSI (FCP)
NCITS TR-19 Private Loop SCSI Direct Attach (PLDA)
NCITS TR-20 Fabric Loop Attachment (FC-FLA)
SFF-8045 Specification for 40-pin SCA-2 Connector with Parallel Selection
SFF-8067 Specification for 40-pin SCA-2 Connector with Bidirectional

Enclosure Services Interface

ANSI Small Computer System Interface (SCSI) Documents
X3.131-1994 (SCSI-2)
X3.270-1996 (SCSI-3) Architecture Model
NCITS 305-199X (SCSI-3) Enclosure Services

Specification for Acoustic Test Requirement and Procedures

Seagate part number: 30553-001

Package Test Specification Seagate P/N 30190-001 (under 100 lb.)
Package Test Specification Seagate P/N 30191-001 (over 100 lb.)

In case of conflict between this document and any referenced document, this document takes precedence.

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Savvio FC Product Manual, Rev. D

Savvio FC Product Manual, Rev. D

7

3.0 General description

Savvio drives combine Tunneling Magnetoresistive (TMR) he ads and a Fibre Channel inter face to provide high
performance, high capacity data storage for a variety of systems including engineering workstations, network
servers, mainf rames , and super comp uter s. Savvio dr i ves also s uppor t 2- Gbit F ib re Ch annel whi ch can tran sfer
data at up to 200 Mbytes per second and 400 Mbytes per second in dual-loop configurations.

Savvio drives support the Fibre Channel Arbitrated Loop (FC-AL) and SCSI Fibre Channel Protocol as
described in the ANSI specifications, this document, and the Fibre Channel Interface Manual (part number

77767496) which describes the general interface characteristics of this drive. Savvio drives are classified as
intelligent peripherals and provide level 2 conformance (highest level) with the ANSI SCSI-1 standard.

Never disassemble the HDA and do not attempt to service items in the sealed enclosure (heads, media, actu­ator, etc.) as this requires special facilities. The drive does not contain user-replaceable parts. Opening the
HDA for any reason voids your warranty.

Savvio drives use a dedicated landing zone at the innermost radius of the media to eliminate the possibility of
destroying or de grad i ng d at a b y l and ing in the data zone. Th e h eads autom atical ly go t o the landing zone when
power is removed from the drive.

An automatic shipping lock prevents potential damage to the heads and discs that results from movement dur­ing shipping and handling. The shipping lock disengages and the head load process begins when power is
applied to the drive.

The drives also use a high-performance actuator assembly with a low-inertia, balanced, patented, straight arm
design that provides excellent performance with minimal power dissipation.

3.1 Standard featu re s

Savvio drives have the following standard features:

• 2-Gbit Fibre Channel interface. For 2 gigabit operation, the block size must be divisable by 8.

• Integrated dual port FC-AL controller

• Concurrent dual port transfers

• Support for FC arbitrated loop, private and public attachment

• Differential copper FC drivers and receivers

• Downloadable firmware using the FC-AL interface

• Supports SCSI enclosure services via interface connector

• 128-deep task set (queue)

• Supports up to 32 initiators

• Drive selection ID and configuration options are set on the FC-AL backpanel or through interface com­mands. Jumpers are not used on the drive.

• Supports SCSI Enclosure Services through the interface connector

• Fibre Channel worldwide name uniquely identifies the drive and each port

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Savvio FC Product Manual, Rev. D

• User-selectable logical block size (any multiple of four bytes, 512 to 528 bytes per logical block)

• Selectable frame sizes from 256 to 2,112 bytes

• Industry standard 3.5-inch low profile form factor dimensions

• Programmable logical block reallocation scheme

• Flawed logical block reallocation at format time

• Programmable auto write and read reallocation

• Reed-Solomon error correction code

• Sealed head and disc assembly (HDA)

• No preventive maintenance or adjustments required

• Dedicated head landing zone

• Automatic shipping lock

• Embedded Grey Code track address to eliminate seek errors

• Self-diagnostics performed at power on

• 1:1 interleave

• Zone bit recording (ZBR)

• Vertical, horizontal, or top down mounting

• Dynamic spindle brake

• 8,192 Kbyte data buffer (see Section 4.5).

• Embedded servo design

• Reallocation of defects on command (Post Format)

• BackGround Media Scan (BGMS)

• Data Integrity Check

• Power Save

3.2 Media desc ription

The media used on the drive has an aluminum substrate coated with a thin film magnetic material, overcoated
with a proprietary protective layer for improved durability and environmental protection.

3.3 Performance

• Programmable multi-segmentable cache buffer

• 200-Mbytes/sec maximum instantaneous data transfers per port

• 10K-RPM spindle; average latency = 3.0 msec

• Command queuing of up to 128 commands

• Background processing of queue

• Supports start and stop commands (spindle stops spinning)

• Adaptive seek velocity; improved seek performance

Savvio FC Product Manual, Rev. D

9

3.4 Reliability

• Mean Time Betwen Failures (MTBF) of 1,400,000 hours.

• LSI circuitry

• Balanced low mass rotary voice coil actuator

• Self-Monitoring Analysis and Reporting Technology (S.M.A.R.T.)

• Dithering

• 5-year warranty

3.5 Formatted ca pacities

St an dard OEM mo del s ar e formatte d to 512 bytes per block. The sector size is sel ect ab le at fo rma t time. Users
having the necessary equipment may modify the data block size before issuing a format command and obtain
different formatted capacities than those listed.

Note. For 2 gigabit operation, sector sizes must be divisible by 8.
To provide a stable target capacity environment and at the same time provide users with flexibility if they

choose, Seagate recommends product planning in one of two modes:

1. Seagate desig ns specify cap acity po i nt s at cert ain sect or si zes tha t Seagate gu ara ntees cur ren t and futu re

products will meet. We recommend customers use this capacity in their project planning, as it ensures a
stable operating point with backward and forward compatibility from generation to generation. The current
guaranteed operating points for this product are:

ST936701 ST973401

Sector Size

Decimal Hex Decimal Hex

512 71,687,372 445DCCC 143,374,744 88BB998
514 70,512,692 433F034 141,025,384 867E068
520 70,197,546 42F212A 140,395,092 85E4254
522 68,914,176 41B8C00 137,828,352 8371800
524 68,766,592 4194B80 137,577,184 83342E0

2. Seagate drives also may be used at the maximum available capacity at a given sector size, but the excess

capacity above the guaranteed level will vary between other drive families and from generation to genera­tion, depending on how each sector size actually formats out for zone frequencies and splits over servo
bursts. This added capacity potential may range from 0.1 to 1.3 percent above the guaranteed capacities
listed above. Using the drives in this manner gives the absolute maximum capacity potential, but the user
must determine if the extra capacity potential is useful, or whether their assurance of backward and for­ward compatibility takes precedence.

3.5.1 Programmable drive capacity

Using the Mode Select command, the drive can change its capacity to something less than maximum. See the
Mode Select (6) parameter list table in the Fibre Channel Interface Manu al, part number 7767496. Refer to the
Parameter list block descriptor number of blocks field. A value of zero in the number of blocks field indicates
that the drive shall not change the capacity it is currently formatted to have. A number in the number of blocks
field that is less than the maximum number of LBAs changes the total drive capacity to the value in the block
descriptor number of blocks field. A value greater than the maximum number of LBAs is rounded down to the
maximum capacity.

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Savvio FC Product Manual, Rev. D

3.6 Factory -installed acce ssories

OEM standard drives are shipped with the Savvio FC Installation Guide (part number 100293078).

3.7 Factory-installed options

You ma y order the following items which are incorporated at the manufacturing facility during production or
packaged before shipping. Some of the options available are (not an exhaustive list of possible options):

• Other capacities can be ordered depending on sparing scheme and sector size requested.

• Single-unit shipping pack. The drive is normally shipped in bulk packaging to provide maximum protection
against transit damage. U nit s shipped individually require add itional pro tection as pr ovided by th e singl e unit
shipping pack. Users planning single unit distribution should specify this option.

• The Savvio FC Installation Guide, part number 100293078, is usually included with each standard OEM
drive shipped, but extra copies may be ordered.

• The Safety and Regulatory Agency Specifications, part number 75789512, is usually included with each
standard OEM drive shipped, but extra copies may be ordered.

3.8 User-ins talle d accessorie s

The following accessories are available. All kits may be installed in the field.

• Evaluation kit, part number 73473641.
This kit provides an adapter card (“T-card”) to allow cable connections for two FC ports and DC power.

• Single-unit shipping pack.

Savvio FC Product Manual, Rev. D

11

4.0 Performance characteristics

This section provides de ta iled inform ation concerning performance- rel ate d chara cteristi cs an d featur es of Sav­vio drives.

4.1 Internal drive characteristics

ST973401FC ST936701FC

Drive capacity 73.4 36.7 Gbytes (formatted, rounded off value)
Read/write data heads 4 2
Bytes per track 360,000 360,000 Bytes (average, rounded off values)
Bytes per surface 18,387 18,387 Mbytes (unformatted, rounded off value)
Tracks per surface (total) 51,052 51,052 Tracks (user accessible)
Tracks per inch 105 105 KTPI
Peak bits per inch 660 660 KBPI
Internal data rate 506-753 506-753 Mbits/sec (variable with zone)
Disc rotation speed 10, 009 10,009 revolutions/min (RPM)
Avg rotational latency 3.00 3.00 msec

4.2 Seek performance ch aracteristics

See Section 9.5, "FC-AL physical interface" on page 60 and the Fibre Channel Interface Manual (part number

77767496) for additional timing details.

4.2.1 Access time

Including controller overhead
(msec)

Read Write Read Write

Average Typical
Single track Typical
Full stro ke Typical

1. Execution time measured from receipt of the FCP Command to the FCP Response.

2. Assumes no errors and no sector has been relocated.

3. Typical access times are measured under nominal conditions of temperature, voltage, and horizontal orientation as
measured on a representative sample of drives.

4. Access time = controller overhead + average seek time and applies to all data transfer commands.
Access to data = access time + latency time.

3,4

3,4

3,4

4.70 5.10 4.50 4.90

0.65 0.95 0.45 0.75

8.70 9.10 8.50 8.90

1, 2

Not including controller overhead
(msec)

1,2

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Savvio FC Product Manual, Rev. D

4.2.2 Format command execution time for Š 512-byte sectors (minutes)

ST973401FC ST936701FC

Maximum (wi th verify) 52 26
Maximum (without verify) 26 13

4.2.3 General performance characteristics

Minimum sector interleave 1 to 1

Data buffer to/from disc media (one 512-byte logical block)*

Minimum 63 Mbytes/sec
Maximum 94 Mbytes/sec

Fibre Channel Interface maximum instantaneous transfer rate 200 Mbytes/sec* per port

(dual port = 400 Mbytes/sec*)

Logical block sizes

Default is 512-byte data blocks
Variable 512 to 704 bytes per sector in even number of bytes per
sector. If n (number of bytes per sector) is odd, then n-1 will be used.

Read/write consecutive sectors on a track Yes

Flaw reallocation performance impact (for flaws reallocated at f ormat time
using the spare sectors per sparing zone reallocation scheme.)

Average rotational latency 3.0 msec

*Assumes no errors and no relocated logical blocks. Rate measured from the start of the first logical block transfer to or
from the host.

Negligible

4.3 Start/stop time

If the Motor Start option is disabled, the drive becomes ready within 20 seconds after DC power is applied. If a
recoverable error conditio n i s detect ed dur ing the sta rt seq uence, the dr i ve execu tes a re cover y proce dure and
the time to become ready may exceed 20 seconds. Stop time is 30 seconds (maximum) from removal of DC
power.

If the Motor Start option is enabled, the internal controller accepts the commands listed in the Fibre Channel
Interface Manual less than 3 seconds after DC power has been applied. After the Motor Start command has
been received, the drive becomes ready for normal operations within 20 second s (excluding the err or reco very
procedure). The Motor Start command can also be used to command the drive to stop the spindle.

There is no power control switch on the drive.

Savvio FC Product Manual, Rev. D

13

4.4 Prefetch /m ulti-segmen te d ca ch e control

The drive provides a prefetch (read look-ahead) and multi-segmented cache control algorithms that in many
cases can enhance system performance. Cache refers to the drive buffer storage space when it is used in
cache operations. To select this feature, the host sends the Mode Select command with the proper values in
the applicable bytes in page 08h. Prefetch and cache operations are independent features from the standpoint
that each is enabled and disabled independently using the Mode Select command; however, in actual opera­tion, the prefetch feature overlaps cache operation somewhat as described in sections 4.5.1 and 4.5.2.

All default cache and prefetch mode parameter values (Mode Page 08h) for standard OEM versions of this
drive family are given in Table 17.

4.5 Cache operation

Note. Refer to the Fibre Ch anne l Interface Manual for more detail concerning the cache bits.

Of the 8,192 Kbytes physical buffer space in the drive, approximately 7,100 Kbytes can be used as a cache.
The buffer can be divi ded into log i cal segm ent s (u sing M ode S elect Pa ge 08 h, byte 13) from which data is read
and to which data is written.

The drive keeps track of the logical block addresses of the data stored in each segment of the buffer. If the
cache is enabled (see RCD bit in the Fibre Channel Interface Manual ), data requested by the host with a read
command is retrieved from the buffer, if possible, before any disc access is initiated. If cache operation is not
enabled, the buffer (still segmented with the required number of segments) is still used, but only as circular
buffer segments during disc medium read operations (disregarding Prefetch operation for the moment). That
is, the drive doe s not ch eck in th e buffer segments fo r the req uested read data, but go es di re ctly to th e medium
to retrieve it. The retrieved data merely passes through some buffer segment on the way to the host. On a
cache miss, all data transfers to the host are in accordance with buffer-full ratio rules. On a cache hit, the drive
ignores the buffer -ful l rat io rul es. See the exp lanati on provide d with the infor mation about Mo de P age 02h (dis­connect/reconnect control) in the Fibre Channel Interface Manual.

The following is a simplified description of the prefetch/cache operation:
Case A—read command is received and the first logical block is already in the cache:

1. Drive transfers to the initiator the first logical block requested plus all subseq uent cont iguous logi cal blocks

that are already in the cache. This data may be in multiple segments.

2. When a requested logical block is reached that is not in any cache segment, the drive fetches it and any

remaining requested logical block addresses from the disc and puts them in a segment of the cache. The
drive transfers the remaining requested logical blocks from the cache to the host in accordance with the
Mode Select Disconnect/Reconnect parameters, page 02h.

3. If the prefetch feature is enabled, refer to section 4.5.2 for operation from this point.

Case B—A Read command requests data, and the first logical block is not in any segment of the cache:

1. The drive fetches the requested logical blocks from the disc and transfers them into a segment, and then

from there to the host in accordance with the Mode Select Disconnect/Reconnect parameters, page 02h.

2. If the prefetch feature is enabled, refer to section 4.5.2 for operation from this point.

During a prefetch, the drive crosses a cylinder boundary to fetch data only if the Discontinuity (DISC) bit is set
to 1 in bit 4 of byte 2 of the Mode Select parameters page 08h. Default is zero for bit 4.

Each cache segment is actually a self-contained circular buffer whose length is an integer number of logical
blocks. The wrap-around capability of the individual segments greatly enhances the cache’s overall perfor­mance, allowing a wide range of user-selectable configurations. The drive supports operation of any integer
number of segments from 1 to 32. Divide the 7,100 Kbytes in the buffer by the number of segments to get the
segment size in bytes; then divi de b y the sector size to get the num ber of sector s per se gmen t, any p ar tial sec­tors remaining are not used. Default is 3 segments.

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Savvio FC Product Manual, Rev. D

Note. The size of each segment is not reported by Mode Sense command page 08h, bytes 14 and 15.

The value 0XFFFF is always reported regardless of the actual size of the segment. Sending a size
specification using the Mode Select command (bytes 14 and 15) does not set up a new segment
size. If the STRICT bit in Mode page 00h (byte 2, bit 1) is set to one, the drive responds as it does
for any attempt to change an unchangeable parameter.

4.5.1 Caching write data

Write caching is a write operation by the drive that makes use of a drive buffer storage area where the data to
be written to the medium is stored while the drive performs the Write command.

If read caching is enabled (RCD=0), then data written to the medium is retained in the cache to be made avail­able for future read cache hits. The same buffer space and segmentation is used as set up for read functions.
The buffer segmentation scheme is set up or changed independently, having nothing to do with the state of
RCD. When a write command is issued, if RCD=0, the cache is first checked to see if any logical blocks that
are to be written are already stored in the cache from a previous read or write command. If there are, the
respective cache segments are cleared. The new data is cached for subsequent Read commands.

If the number of write dat a logical blo cks excee d the size o f the segm ent b eing wr itten into, wh en th e en d of the
segment is reached, the data is written i nto the b eginning of the same cache segment, overwriting the dat a that
was written there at the beginning of the operation; however, the drive does not overwrite data that has not yet
been written to the medium.

If write caching is enabled (WCE=1), then the drive may return Good status on a write command after the data
has been transferred into the cache, but before the data has been written to the medium. If an error occurs
while writing the data to the medium, and Good status has already been returned, a deferred error will be gen­erated.

The Synchronize Ca che command may be used to force the drive to write all cached wri te dat a to the med ium.
Upon completion of a Synchronize Cache command, all data received from previous write commands will have
been written to the medium.

Table 17 shows the mode default settings for the drive.

4.5.2 Prefetch operation

If the Prefetch feature is enabled, data in contiguous logical blocks on the disc immediately beyond that which
was requested by a Read command are retrieved and stored in the buffer for immediate transfer from the
buffer to the host on subsequent Read commands that request those logical blocks (this is true even if cache
operation is disabled). Though the prefetch operation uses the buffer as a cache, finding the requested data in
the buffer is a prefetch hit, not a cache operation hit.

To enable Prefetch, use Mode Select page 08h, byte 12, bit 5 (Disable Read Ahead - DRA bit). DRA bit = 0
enables prefetch.

Since data that is prefetched replaces data already in some buffer segments, the host can limit the amount of
prefetch data to optimize system performance. The Max Prefetch field (bytes 8 and 9) limits the amount of
prefetch. The drive does not use the Prefetch Ceiling field (bytes 10 and 11).

During a prefetch operation, the drive crosses a cylinder boundary to fetch more data only if Mode parameters
page 08h, byte 2, bit 4 is set to 1 (Discontinuity--DISC bit).

When prefetch (read look-ahead) is enabled (enabled by DRA = 0), it operates under the control of ARLA
(Adaptive Read Look-Ahead). If the host uses software interleave, ARLA enables prefetch of contiguous
blocks from the disc when it senses that a prefetch hit will likely occur, even if two consecutive read operations
were not for physically contiguous blocks of data (e.g. “software interleave”). ARLA disables prefetch when it

Savvio FC Product Manual, Rev. D

15

decides that a prefetch hit will not likely occur. If the host is not using software interleave, and if two sequential
read operations are not for contiguous blocks of data, ARLA disables prefetch, but as long as sequential read
operations request contiguous blocks of data, ARLA keeps prefetch enabled.

4.5.3 Optimizing cache performance for desktop and server applications

Desktop and server applications require different drive caching operations for optimal performance. This
means it is difficult to provide a single configuration that meets both of these needs. In a desktop environment,
you want to configure the cache to respond quickly to repetitive accesses of multiple small segments of data
without taking the time to “look ahead” to the next contiguous segments of data. In a server environment, you
want to configure the cache to provide large volumes of sequential data in a non-repetitive manner. In this
case, the ability of the cache to “look ahead” to the next contiguous segments of sequential data is a good
thing.

The Performance Mode (PM) bit controls the way the drive switches the cache buffer into different modes of
segmentation. In “server mode” (PM bit = 0), the drive can dynamically change the number of cache buffer
segments as needed to optimize the performance, based on the command stream from the host. In “desktop
mode” (PM bit = 1), the number of segments is maintained at the value defined in Mode Page 8, Byte 13, at all
times. For additional information about the PM bit, refer to the Unit Attention Parameters page (00h) of the
Mode Sense command (1Ah) in the Fibre C hanne l Interface Product Manual, part number 77767496.

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Savvio FC Product Manual, Rev. D

17

5.0 Reliability specifications

The following reliability specifications assume correct host and drive operational interface, including all inter­face timings, power supply voltages, environmental requirements and drive mounting constraints.

Seek error rate
Read Error Rates

Recovered Data
Unrecovered Data
Miscorrected Data

Interface error rate

MTBF 1,400,000 hours
Service Life 5 years
Preventive maintenance None required

1. Error rate specified with automatic retries and data correction with ECC enabled and all flaws reallocated.

1

5.1 Error rates

The error rates stated in this manual assume the following:

• The drive is operated in accordance with this manual using DC power as defined in paragraph 6.2, "DC

power requirements."

• Errors caused by host system failures are excluded from error rate computations.

• Assume random data.

• Default OEM error recovery settings are applied. This includes AWRE, ARRE, full read retries, full write

retries and full retry time.

Less than 10 errors in 108 seeks

Less than 10 errors in 1012 bits transferred (OEM default settings)
Less than 1 sector in 1015 bits transferred
Less than 1 sector in 1021 bits transferred

Less than 1 error in 1012 bits transferred with minimum receive eye.
Less than 1 error in 1014 bits transferred with typical receive eye.
See Section 9.6.3, "Differential PECL input." on page 68

5.1.1 Recoverable Errors

Recoverable errors are those detected and corrected by the drive, and do not require user intervention.
Recoverable Data errors will use correction, although ECC o n-the-fly is not considered fo r purposes o f recov-

ered error specifications.
Recovered Data error rate is determined using read bits transferred for recoverable errors occurring during a

read, and using write bits transferred for recoverable errors occurring during a write.

5.1.2 Unrecoverable Errors

Unrecoverable Data Errors (Sense Key = 03h) are specified at less than 1 sector in error per 1015 bits trans­ferred. Unrecoverable Data Errors resulting from the same cause are treated are 1 error for that block.

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Savvio FC Product Manual, Rev. D

5.1.3 Seek errors

A seek error is defined as a failure of the drive to position the heads to the addressed track. After detecting an
initial seek error, the drive automatically performs an error recovery process. If the er ror recover y process fails,
a seek positioning error (Error code = 15h or 02h) will be reported with a Hardware error (04h) in the Sense
Key. Recoverable seek errors are specified at Less than 10 errors in 108 seeks. Unrecoverable seek errors
(Sense Key = 04h) are classified as drive failures.

5.1.4 Interface errors

An interface error is defined as a failure of the receiver on a port to recover the data as transmitted by the
device port connected to the receiver. The error may be detected as a running disparity error, illegal code, loss
of word sync, or CRC error. The total error rate for a loop of devices is the sum of the individual device error
rates.

5.2 Reli ab ilit y and servi ce

You can enhance the reliability of Savvio disc drives by ensuring that th e drive receive s adequ ate coo ling. S ec­tion 6.0 provides temperature measurements and other information that may be used to enhance the service
life of the drive. Section 8.1 provides recommended air-flow information.

5.2.1 Mean time between failures (MTBF)

The production disc drive achieves an MTBF of 1,400,000 hours when operated in an environment that
ensures the case temperatures specified in Section 6.4.1 are not exceeded. Short-term excursions up to the
specification limits of the operating environment will not affect MTBF performance. Operating the drive at case
temperatures above these values will adversely affect the drive’s ability to meet specifications (see Section 6.4,
"Environmental limits").

Estimated power-on operating hours means power-on hours per disc drive times the total number of disc
drives in service. Each disc drive must have accumulated at least nine months of operation. Data is calculated
on a rolling average base for a minimum period of six months.

MTBF is based on the following assumptions:

• 8,760 power-on hours per year

• 250 average on/off cycles per year

• Operating at nominal voltages

• System provides adequate cooling to ensure the case temperatures specified in Section 6.4.1 are not
exceeded.

Drive failure means any stoppage or failure to meet defined specifications caused by drive malfunction.
A S.M.A.R.T. predictive failure indicates that the drive is deteriorating to an imminent failure and is considered

a MTBF hit.

5.2.2 Preventive mainte nan ce

No routine scheduled preventive maintenance is required.

5.2.3 Hot plugging the drive

Inserting and removing the drive on the FC-AL will interrupt loop operation. The interruption occurs when the
receiver of the next device in the loop must synchronize to a different input signal. FC error detection mecha­nisms, character sync, running disp a rity, word sync, and CRC are able to detect any error. Recovery is initiated
based on the type of error.

Savvio FC Product Manual, Rev. D

19

The disc drive defaults to the FC-AL Monitoring state, Pass-through state, when it is powered-on by switching
the power or hot plugged. The control line to an optional port bypass circuit (external to the drive), defaults to
the Enable Bypass state. If the bypass circuit is present, the next device in the loop will continue to receive the
output of the previous device to the newly inserted device. If the bypass circuit is not present, loop operation is
temporarily disrupted until the next device starts receiving the output from the newly inserted device and
regains synchronization to the new input.

The Pass-through state is disabled while the drive perfo rms self test of the FC interface. The control line for an
external port bypass circuit remains in the Enable Bypass state while self test is running. If the bypass circuit is
present, loop oper ation m ay con tinue. If the byp ass circ uit is not pres ent, loo p ope ration will be h alted while the
self test of the FC interface runs.

When the self test completes successfully, the control line to the bypass circuit is disabled and the drive enters
the FC-AL Initializing st a te. The receiver on the ne xt device i n the loo p must synch ronize t o outpu t of the newly
inserted drive.

If the self-test fails, the control line to the bypass circuit remains in the Enable Bypass state.
Note. It is the responsibility of the systems integrator to assure that no temperature, energy, voltage haz-

ard, or ESD potential hazard is presented during the hot connect/disconnect operation. Discharge
the static electricity from the drive carrier prior to inserting it into the system.

Caution. The drive motor must come to a complete s t op pri or to ch anging the pl a ne of o pera tion. T his time is

required to insure data integrity.

5.2.4 S.M.A.R.T.

S.M.A.R.T. is an acronym for Self-Monitoring Analysis and Reporting Technology. This technology is intended
to recognize conditions that indicate imminent drive failure and is designed to provide sufficient warning of a
failure to allow you to back up the data before an actual failure occurs.

Note. The drive’ s f irmwar e moni tor s specific attr ibutes for degr adatio n ove r tim e b ut can ’ t predi ct in sta nt a-

neous drive failures.

Each monitored attribute has been selected to monitor a specific set of failure conditions in the operating per­formance of the drive and the thresholds are optimized to minimize “false” and “failed” predi ctions.

Controlling S.M.A.R.T.

The operating mode of S.M.A.R. T. is controlled by the DEXCPT and PERF bits on the Informa tional Exceptions
Control mode page (1Ch). Use the DEXCPT bit to enable or disable the S.M.A.R.T. feature. Setting the DEX­CPT bit disables all S.M.A.R.T. functions. W hen enab led, S .M. A.R.T. collect s on -li ne d at a as the d rive p erfor ms
normal read and write operations. When the PERF bit is set, the drive is considered to be in “On-line Mode
Only” and will not perform off-line functions.

You can measure off-line attributes and force the drive to save the data by using the Rezero Unit command.
Forcing S.M.A.R.T. resets the timer so that the next scheduled interrupt is in two hours.

You can interrogate the drive thro ugh th e host t o dete rmine the time remaining before the next schedul ed me a­surement and d at a logg i ng p rocess occur s . To accomplish this, issue a Log Sense comm and to log page 0x3E.
This allows you to control when S.M.A.R.T. interruptions occur. Forcing S.M.A.R.T. with the RTZ command
resets the timer.

20

Savvio FC Product Manual, Rev. D

Performance impact

S.M.A.R.T. attribute data is saved to the disc so that the events that caused a predictive failure can be recre­ated. The drive measures and saves parameters once every two hours subject to an idle period on the FC-AL
bus. The process of measuring off-line attribute data and saving data to the disc is uninterruptable. The maxi­mum on-line only processing delay is summarized below:

Maximum processing delay

S.M.A.R.T. delay times

On-line only delay
DEXCPT = 0, PERF = 1

60 milliseconds

Fully-enabled delay
DEXCP T = 0, PE R F = 0

370 milliseconds

Reporting control

Reporting is controlled by the MRIE bits in the Informational Exceptions Control mode page (1Ch). Subject to
the reporting method, the firmware will issue to the host an 01-5D00 sense code. The error code is preserved
through bus resets and power cycles.

Determining rate

S.M.A.R.T. monitors the rate at which error s occur and si gna ls a predi ctive fai lure if the rat e of degrad ed err ors
increases to an unacceptabl e level. To determine rate, error events are logged and com pa red to the num ber of
total operations for a given attribute. The interval defines the number of operations over which to measure the
rate. The counter that keeps track of the current number of operations is referred to as the Interval Counter.

S.M.A.R.T. measures error rates. All errors for each monitored attribute are recorded. A counter keeps track of
the number of errors for the current interval. This counter is referred to as the Failure Counter.

Error rate is the number of errors per oper ation. The algori thm tha t S .M.A.R .T. uses to re cord rate s of err or i s to
set thresholds for the number of errors and their interval. If the number of errors exceeds the threshold before
the interval expires, the error rate is considered to be unacceptable. If the number of errors does not exceed
the threshold before the interval expires, the error rate is considered to be acceptable. In either case, the inter­val and failure counters are reset and the process starts over.

Predictive failures

S.M.A.R.T. signals predictive failures when the drive is performing unacceptably for a period of time. The firm­ware keeps a running count of the number of times the error rate for each attribute is unacceptable. To accom­plish this, a counter is incremented each time the error rate is unacceptable and decremented (not to exceed
zero) whenever the error rate is acceptable. If the counter continually increments such that it reaches the pre­dictive threshold, a predictive failure is signaled. This counter is referred to as the Failure History Counter.
There is a separate Failure History Counter for each attribute.

5.2.5 Thermal monitor

Savvio drives implement a temperature warning system which:

1. Signals the host if the temperature exceeds a value which would threaten the drive.

2. Signals the host if the temperature exceeds a user-specified value.

3. Saves a S.M.A.R.T. data frame on the drive which exceeds the threatening temperature value.

A temperature sensor monitors the drive temperature and issues a warning over the interface when the tem­perature exceeds a set threshold. The temperature is measured at power-up and then at ten-minute intervals
after power-up.