seagate HAWK 2LP Family User Manual

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HAWK 2LP Family:

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ST32430N/ND

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ST31230N/ND

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Product Manual, Volume 1

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HAWK

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2LP Family:

ST32430N/ND

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ST31230N/ND

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Product Manual, Volume 1

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Seagate®, Seagate Technology®, and the Seagate logo are registered trademarks of Seagate Technology, Inc. HawkTM, SeaFAXTM, SeaFoneTM, SeaTDDTM and SeaBOARDTM are trademarks of Seagate Technology, Inc. Other product names are registered trademarks or trademarks of their own.

Seagate reserves the right to change, without notice, product offerings or specifications. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form without written permission of Seagate Technology, Inc.

Product Manual - Hawk 2LP Family SCSI-2 (Volume 1), Rev. F v _____________________________________________________________________________________

Revision Status Summary Sheet

Revision Authorization Date Writer/Eng. Sheets affected

A Issue 8/29/94 D. Ashby v through viii, 1 through 59

R. Metzner B PLD:86170 10/24/94 D. Ashby v, 12, 13, 37 through 41 C PLD:86221 12/15/94 D. Ashby v, 24 and 59

Gordon Douglas D PLD: 86577 08/30/95 D. Ashby v and 33

E PLD: 86717 1/24/96 D. Ashby v, vi and 2 F PLD: 86769 v and 18

Notice:

Product Manual 77767471 is Volume 1 of a two Volume document with the SCSI interface information in the Volume 2 SCSI Interface Product Manual, P/N 77738479.

If the SCSI Interface information is needed the Volume 2 Interface Manual should be ordered, P/N

77738479.

vi Product Manual - Hawk 2LP Family SCSI-2 (Volume 1), Rev. F _____________________________________________________________________________________

Table of Contents

1.0 Scope.......................................................................................................................................... 1

2.0 Applicable standards and reference documentation.............................................................. 2

2.1 Standards ....................................................................................................................... 2

2.2 Electromagnetic Compliance for the European Unionn................................................... 2

2.3 Applicable reference documents..................................................................................... 2

3.0 General description ................................................................................................................... 3

4.0 Features...................................................................................................................................... 5

4.1 Performance ................................................................................................................... 5

4.2 Reliability ........................................................................................................................ 5

4.3 Unformatted and formatted capacities ............................................................................ 6

4.4 Options (factory installed) ............................................................................................... 6

4.5 Optional accessories (user installed) .............................................................................. 6

4.6 Installation....................................................................................................................... 7

5.0 Performance characteristics..................................................................................................... 8

5.1 Internal drive characteristics (transparent to user) .......................................................... 8

5.2 SCSI Drive Seek and write performance characteristics (visible to user)........................ 8

5.2.1 Access time ....................................................................................................... 8

5.2.2 Format drive command execution time .............................................................. 9

5.2.3 Read data command execution time.................................................................. 9

5.2.4 Write data command execution time .................................................................. 9

5.3 Generalized performance characteristics........................................................................ 10

5.4 Start/stop time................................................................................................................. 12

5.5 Prefetch/multi segmented cache control ......................................................................... 12

5.5.1 Cache operation................................................................................................. 12

5.5.2 Prefetch operation.............................................................................................. 13

5.6 Caching write data .......................................................................................................... 14

6.0 Reliability specifications ........................................................................................................... 15

6.1 Error rates....................................................................................................................... 15

6.1.1 Read errors........................................................................................................ 15

6.1.2 Environmental interference ................................................................................ 15

6.1.3 Write errors ........................................................................................................ 16

6.1.4 Seek errors ........................................................................................................ 16

6.2 Reliability and service...................................................................................................... 16

6.2.1 Mean time between failure ................................................................................. 16

6.2.2 Preventive maintenance..................................................................................... 16

6.2.3 Service life ......................................................................................................... 16

6.2.4 Service philosophy............................................................................................. 17

6.2.5 Installation.......................................................................................................... 17

6.2.6 Service tools ...................................................................................................... 17

6.2.7 Product warranty................................................................................................ 17

7.0 Physical/electrical specifications ............................................................................................. 18

7.1 AC power requirements .................................................................................................. 18

7.2 DC power requirements .................................................................................................. 18

7.2.1 Conducted noise immunity................................................................................. 18

7.2.2 Power sequencing ............................................................................................. 19

7.2.3 12 V - current profile .......................................................................................... 19

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7.3 Heat/power dissipation.................................................................................................... 20

7.4 Environmental limits........................................................................................................ 20

7.4.1 Temperature ...................................................................................................... 20

7.4.2 Relative humidity................................................................................................ 21

7.4.3 Effective altitude (sea level ref) .......................................................................... 22

7.4.4 Shock and vibration ........................................................................................... 22

7.4.5 Air cleanliness.................................................................................................... 24

7.5 Electromagnetic compatibility.......................................................................................... 24

7.5.1 Electromagnetic susceptibility ............................................................................ 24

7.6 Mechanical specifications ............................................................................................... 25

7.6.1 Drive orientation................................................................................................. 26

7.6.2 Cooling............................................................................................................... 26

7.6.3 Drive mounting................................................................................................... 26

8.0 Media characteristics ................................................................................................................ 27

8.1 Media description............................................................................................................ 27

9.0 Defect and error management .................................................................................................. 28

9.1 Drive internal defects/errors............................................................................................ 28

9.2 SCSI systems error considerations................................................................................. 28

10.0 Option/configuration headers................................................................................................... 29

10.1 Drive ID/Option select header ......................................................................................... 29

10.2 Grounding....................................................................................................................... 31

11.0 Interface requirement ................................................................................................................ 32

11.1 General description......................................................................................................... 32

11.2 SCSI interface messages supported............................................................................... 32

11.3 SCSI interface commands supported ............................................................................. 33

11.3.1 Inquiry data ........................................................................................................ 35

11.3.2 Mode sense data ............................................................................................... 36

11.4 SCSI bus conditions and miscellaneous Features supported ......................................... 41

11.5 Synchronous data transfer.............................................................................................. 42

11.5.1 Synchronous data transfer periods supported.................................................... 42

11.5.2 REQ/ACK offset ................................................................................................. 42

11.6 Physical interface............................................................................................................ 42

11.6.1 DC cable and connector..................................................................................... 44

11.6.2 Physical characteristics...................................................................................... 44

11.6.3 Mating connector requirements.......................................................................... 45

11.6.4 Electrical description .......................................................................................... 49

11.7 Disc drive timing ............................................................................................................. 53

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12.0 Options....................................................................................................................................... 55

12.1 Front panel...................................................................................................................... 55

12.2 Single unit shipping pack ................................................................................................ 55

12.3 Installation manual .......................................................................................................... 55

13.0 Accessories ............................................................................................................................... 56

13.1 Front panel kit ................................................................................................................. 56

13.2 Additional Installation Guide copies ................................................................................ 56

14.0 Seagate support services ......................................................................................................... 57

Product Manual - Hawk 2LP Family SCSI-2 (Volume 1), Rev. F 1 _____________________________________________________________________________________

1.0 Scope

This Manual describes the Seagate Technology, Inc. Hawk 2LP family Disc Drives. This high capacity, high performance member of the Seagate 1 inch high 3.5 inch rigid disc family is a next generation product from the ST31200 disc drive. Performance information is given in Section 5. The Hawk 2LP family model drives interface is defined for functional compatibility to be a subset of the Seagate SCSI Interface Manual 77738479, and the ANSI SCSI-2/SCSI-3 standards. The Hawk 2LP family drives are classified as “Intelligent” peripherals. The Hawk 2LP Family provides Level 2 conformance (highest level) with the ANSI SCSI-1 standard. Details of the Hawk 2LP Family drive SCSI implementation are provided in Section 11 of this Manual, (Vol. 1) and in the SCSI Interface Product Manual P/N 77738479 (Vol. 2; Ver. 2).

The Hawk 2LP family consists of ST32430N/ND and ST31230N/ND products. From this point on in this Product Manual the reference to Hawk 2LP family models is referred to as “the drive”

(unless reference to individual models are necessary). The drive printed circuit board is referred to as a PCB.

Figure 1-1. Hawk 2LP family drive

SEAGATE

2 Product Manual - Hawk 2LP Family SCSI-2 (Volume 1), Rev. F _____________________________________________________________________________________

2.0 Applicable standards and reference documentation

The drive has been developed as a system peripheral to the highest standards of design and construction. The drive depends upon its host equipment to provide adequate power and environment in order to achieve optimum performance and compliance with applicable industry and governmental regulations. Special attention must be given in the areas of safety, power distribution, shielding, audible noise control, and temperature regulation. In particular, the drive must be securely mounted in order to guarantee the specified performance characteristics.

2.1 Standards

The Hawk 2LP Family complies with Seagate standards as noted in the appropriate sections of this Manual and the Seagate SCSI Interface Manual, P/N 77738479 (Vol. 2, Version 2).

The Hawk 2LP Family is a UL Recognized component per UL 1950 and a CSA Certified component per CAN/ CSA-C22.2 No. 950-M89. It also meets the requirements of DIN VDE 0805:1993 and EN60950: 1992 (IEC

950). The drive, as delivered, is designed for system integration and installation into a suitable enclosure prior to use.

As such the drive is supplied as a subassembly and is not subject to Subpart J of Part 15 of the FCC Rules and Regulations nor the Radio Interference Regulations of the Canadian Department of Communications. However, the unit has been tested using proper shielding and grounding and found to be compliant with Class A limits of the FCC Rules and the Regulations of The Canadian Department of Communications.

The physical design characteristics of the drive serve to minimize radiation when installed in an enclosure that provides reasonable shielding. As such, the drive is capable of meeting the Class B limits of the FCC Rules and Regulations of the Canadian Department of Communication. However, it is the users responsibility to assure that the drive meets the appropriate EMI requirements in their system. Shielded I/O cables may be required if the enclosure does not provide adequate shielding. If the I/O cables are external to the enclosure, shielded cables should be used, with the shields grounded to the enclosure and to the host controller.

2.2 Electromagnetic Compliance for the European Union

If this model has the CE Marking it complies with the European Union requirements of the Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive 89/336/EEC of 03 May 1989 as amended by Directive 92/31/EEC of 28 April 1992 and Directive 93/68/EEC of 22 July 1993.

Seagate uses an independent laboratory to confirm compliance to the above directives. The drive was tested in a representative system for typical applications. The selected system represents the most popular characteristics for test platforms. The system configurations include:

• 486, Pentium, and Power PC Microprocessors

• 3.5-inch Floppy Disc Drive

• Keyboard

• Monitor/Display Although the test system with this Seagate model complies to the directives, we cannot guarantee that all

systems will comply. The computer manufacturer or system integrator shall confirm EMC compliance and provide CE Marking for their product.

2.3 Applicable reference documents

Installation Guide Seagate P/N 77767475 SCSI Interface Manual Seagate P/N 77738479

ANSI Small Computer System Interface (SCSI): Document Number ANSI3.131-1986 (X3T9/84.40 Rev. 1B) (X3T9.2/82-2 Rev. 17B), X3T9.2/86-109 Revision 10H (SCSI-2) and X3T9.2-184 Rev. 4 (SCSI-3).

Package Test Specification Seagate P/N 30190-001 (under 100 lb.) Package Test Specification Seagate P/N 30191-001 (over 100 lb.)

In case of conflict between this document and any referenced document, this document takes precedence.

Product Manual - Hawk 2LP Family SCSI-2 (Volume 1), Rev. F 3 _____________________________________________________________________________________

3.0 General description

The drives are a member of a family of low cost, high performance, highly reliable, random access storage devices designed to meet the needs of the OEM marketplace.

The drive records and recovers data on 3.7 inch (95 mm) fixed discs. The drive supports the Small Computer System Interface as described in the ANSI SCSI-1, SCSI-2 and SCSI-

3 Interface Manuals to the extent described in this product Manual (Vol. 1), which defines the product performance characteristics of the Hawk 2LP Family of drives, and the SCSI Interface Product Manual P/N 77738479 (Vol. 2, Version 2) which describes the general interface characteristics of this and other families of Seagate 3.5-inch drives.

The drive interface supports multiple initiators, disconnect/reconnect, self configuring host software and automatic features that relieve the host from the necessity of knowing the physical characteristics of the targets (logical block addressing is used).

The Head/Disc Assembly (HDA) is environmentally sealed at the factory. Air recirculates within the Head/Disc (HDA) through a nonreplaceable filter to maintain a contamination free head/disc environment.

Refer to Figure 3.0-1 an exploded view of the drive. NEVER disassemble the Head/Disc Assembly (HDA). This exploded view is for information only. Do not attempt to service items in the sealed environmental enclosure (heads, media, actuator, etc.) as this requires special facilities. The drive contains no parts replaceable by the user. The drive warranty is voided if the HDA is opened.

The Hawk 2LP Family drives use a dedicated landing zone at the innermost radius of the media to eliminate the possibility of destroying or degrading data by landing in the data zone. The drive automatically goes to the landing zone when the power is removed.

The Hawk 2LP Family drives incorporate an automatic shipping lock which prevents potential damage to the heads and discs that result from movement during shipping and handling. The shipping lock is automatically disengaged when power is applied to the drive and the head load process begins.

The Hawk 2LP Family drives decode track location from the dedicated servo surface to eliminate mechanical transducer adjustments and related reliability concerns.

The Hawk 2LP Family drives use a high performance actuator assembly that consists of a low inertia, balanced, patented, straight arm design that provides excellent performance with minimum power dissipation.

4 Product Manual - Hawk 2LP Family SCSI-2 (Volume 1), Rev. F _____________________________________________________________________________________

Figure 3.0-1. Hawk 2LP family drive

Product Manual - Hawk 2LP Family SCSI-2 (Volume 1), Rev. F 5 _____________________________________________________________________________________

4.0 Features

The Hawk 2LP Family has the following standard features:

• Integrated SCSI Controller

• Single Ended and Differential SCSI drivers and receivers

• Asynchronous and Synchronous data transfer protocol

• Firmware downloadable via SCSI interface

• Selectable sector size from 256 to 4096 bytes/sector

• Programmable sector reallocation scheme

• Flawed sector reallocation at format time

• Programmable auto write and read reallocation

• Reallocation of defects on command (Post Format)

• 96 bit Reed-Solomon error correcting code

• Sealed Head/Disc Assembly

• No preventative maintenance or adjustment required

• Dedicated head landing zone

• Automatic shipping lock

• Automatic Adaptive Thermal Compensation

• Patented Tri-phase Servo with embedded Grey Code Track Address to guarantee servo positioning.

• Self diagnostics performed at power on

• 1:1 Interleave

• Zoned Bit Recording (ZBR)

• Vertical, horizontal, or top down mounting

• Dynamic spindle brake

• Permanently mounted terminators on "N" models, enabled by installation of a jumper plug.

• 512 K byte data buffer

4.1 Performance

• Programmable multi-segmentable cache buffer

• 5411 RPM Spindle. Average latency = 5.54 ms

• Command Queuing of up to 64 commands

• Background processing of queue

• Supports start and stop commands

• Low audible noise for office environment

• Low power consumption

4.2 Reliability

• 800,000 hour MTBF

• Adaptive servo calibration for improved seek performance

• LSI circuitry

• Balanced low mass rotary voice coil actuator

• 5 year warranty

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4.3 Unformatted and formatted capacities

Formatted capacity depends on the number of spare reallocation sectors reserved and the number of bytes per sector. The following table shows some

Spare Sector or Cylinders Reserved for reallocation

No Spares 2.16 1.07 Five Spare Sectors per Cylinder [2] 1.06 Nine Spare Sectors per Cylinder [2] 2.14 2 Spare Cylinders per Unit [3] 2.16 1.07 One Spare Sector per Cylinder and 2.16 1.06 2 Spare Cylinder per Unit [3] Unformatted Capacity 2.59 1.28

Notes.

[1] Sector size selectable at format time. Users having the necessary equipment may modify the data block

size before issuing a format command and obtain different formatted capacities than those listed. User available capacity depends on spare reallocation scheme selected. See Mode Select Command and

Format Command in the SCSI Interface Product Manual P/N 77738479. [2] All spare sectors are on one track. [3] Spare cylinders are on the two inner tracks.

typical

512 byte sector size [1] formatted capacities.

ST32430N/ND ST31230N/ND GB GB

The standard OEM model is as follows:

Formatted Data Block Size Unformatted 512 Byte/Sector

ST32430N/ND 2.14 GB* 2.59 GB ST31230N/ND 1.06 GB* 1.28 GB

* Sparing equivalent to one spare sector per head (all spare sectors are on one track), two spare cylinders/

unit.

Installation Guide P/N 77767473 is shipped with each drive unless otherwise requested.

4.4 Options (factory installed)

The capacities shown in paragraph 4.3 are available upon request. Other capacities can be ordered depending on sparing scheme and sector size requested.

The following options are incorporated at the time of production. See Section 12.0.

• Front panel (green LED) - See Figure 3.0-1

• Single Unit shipping pack

4.5 Optional accessories (user installed)

The following accessories are available. All kits may be installed in the field. See Section 13.0.

• Front Panel Kit (with green LED) - See Figure 3.0-1

• Single Unit shipping pack kit

• Adapter Accessory Frame Kit P/N 75790701 (adapts 3.5-inch drive to fit in 5.25-inch drive mounting space)

Product Manual - Hawk 2LP Family SCSI-2 (Volume 1), Rev. F 7 _____________________________________________________________________________________

4.6 Installation

For option jumper locations and definitions refer to Figure 10.1-1. Drive default mode parameters are not normally needed for installation. Refer to Section 11.3.2 for default mode parameters if they are needed.

• Ensure that the SCSI ID of the drive is not the same as the host adapter. Most host adapters use SCS ID

• If multiple devices are on the bus set the drive SCSI ID to one that is not presently used by other devices on

the bus.

• If the drive is the only device on the bus, attach it to the end of the SCSI bus cable. Permanently installed

terminators must be enabled on the drive for "N" models using jumper plug TE. On "ND" models, external terminators must be provided by the user, systems integrator or host equipment manufacturer.

• If the drive is attached to a bus that contains other devices, and the new drive is not attached to the end of

the bus, the Terminator Enable jumper (TE) should be removed from the new drive.

• Set all appropriate option jumpers for desired operation prior to power on. If jumpers are changed after power

has been applied, recycle the drive power to make the new settings effective.

• Installation instructions are provided by host system documentation or with any additionally purchased drive

installation software. If necessary see section 14.0 for Seagate support services telephone numbers.

• The Manufacturers installed labels must not be removed from the drive or covered with additional labels, as

they contain information required when servicing the product.

Formatting

• It is not necessary to low level format this drive. The drive is shipped from the factory low level formatted in

512 byte sectors.

• Reformat the drive if one of the following occurs.

- A different sector size is selected.

- A different spare sector allocation scheme is selected.

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5.0 Performance characteristics

5.1 Internal drive characteristics (transparent to user)

ST32430N/ND ST31230N/ND

Drive Capacity 2.59 ...................... 1.28 ...............GByte (UNF)*

Read/Write Heads 9 ........................... 5

Bytes/Track 72000 ................... 64242 ............Bytes (Avg)*

Bytes/Surface 287.7 .................... 255.6 .............Mbytes (UNF)

Tracks/Surface, Total 3992 ..................... 3992 .............. Tracks (user accessible)

Tracks/Inch 4200 ..................... 4200 ..............TPI

Servo Heads 1 ........................... 1

Internal Data Rate 35.8 - 62.2 ............ 33.9 - 56.7.....Mbits/sec (variable with zone)

Disc Rotational Speed 5411+ 0.5% .......... 5411 +0.5%...r/min

Average Rotational Latency 5.54 ...................... 5.54 ............... ms

*Rounded off values.

5.2 SCSI Seek, Read and Write performance characteristics (visible to user) [8]*

The values given in section 5.2 apply to all models of the Hawk 2LP family unless otherwise specified. Refer to Section 11.7 and to the SCSI-2 Interface Product Manual 77738479 for additional timing details.

5.2.1 Access time

Including Controller Overhead (without disconnect) [1] [4]

Drive Level

Read Write

Average

Typical

[3]

10.4

11.4

Max. [2] 11.9 13.4

Single Track - Typical [3] 2.1 2.5

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5.2.2 Format drive command execution time (minutes) [1]*

ST32430N/ND ST31230N/ND Maximum (with verify) 45 25 Maximum (no verify) 31 15

5.2.3 Read data command execution time [4]

(512 byte sector size, without disconnect and with read look ahead cache disabled.) Latency time is included.

a. From CDB reception to the drive request for the first data byte to be transferred to the Host

1. Typical (Zero Stroke Seek) 7.32 ms [3]*

2. Typical (Average Seek) 17.14 ms [3]

3. Maximum (Full Stroke Seek) 31.78 ms [2]

b. Single Sector Read and Transfer of data to Host (time from receipt of last byte of the CDB to the request

for a status byte transfer to Host) [7].

1. Typical (Zero Stroke Seek) 7.42 ms [3]

2. Typical (Average Seek) 17.24 ms [3]

3. Maximum (Full Stroke Seek) 31.84 ms [2]

5.2.4 Write data command execution time [4]

(512 byte sector size, without disconnect and with read look ahead disabled.) Latency time is included.

a. From CDB reception to the request for the first byte of write data from the Host.

1. Typical 1.49 ms 2. Maximum 1.61 ms

b. Single Sector Write and Data Transfer from Host [7] [6]

(Time from receipt of the last byte of the CDB to the request for a completion status transfer to the Host)

1. Typical (Zero Stroke Seek) 7.72 ms [3]

2. Typical (Average Seek) 17.29 ms [3]

3. Maximum (Full Stroke Seek) 32.28 ms [2]

*[ ] All notes are listed in Section 5.3.1.

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5.3 Generalized performance characteristics

Minimum Sector Interleave (All Hawk 2LP models) 1 to 1 Data transfer rate (< 1 sector) - 512 Byte Sector, Data Buffer To/From Disc Media:

ST32430N/ND ST31230N/ND

Min. [4]* 4.48 MByte/sec 4.23 MByte/sec Avg. [4] 6.50 MByte/sec 5.79 MByte/sec Max. [4] 7.78 MByte/sec 7.09 MByte/sec

Data Transfer Rate (< 1 Track) - 512 Byte Sector, Data Buffer To/From Disc Media:

ST32430N/ND ST31230N/ND

Min. [4] 3.76 MByte/sec divided by (Interleave Factor) 3.56 MByte/sec Avg. [4] 5.46 MByte/sec divided by (Interleave Factor) 4.87 MByte/sec Max. [4] 6.54 MByte/sec divided by (Interleave Factor) 5.96 MByte/sec

SCSI Interface Data Transfer Rate (Asynchronous) [5] (All Hawk 2LP models)

N family ND family

-Maximum Instantaneous 5.2 [9] MBytes/sec 3.3 MBytes/sec

-Maximum Average 3.1 MBytes/sec 2.4 MBytes/sec The remainder of the specifications of section 5.3 apply to all Hawk 2LP models: Sector Sizes 512 byte user data blocks (default)

Variable (256 to 4096 bytes per sector) in even number of bytes per sector. If n (number of

bytes per sector) is odd, then n-1 will be used. Synchronous Transfer Rate From 1.25 MBytes/sec to 10.0 MBytes/sec (See section 11.5.) Read/Write consecutive sectors on a track YES Flaw reallocation performance impact (For flaws reallocated at format Negligible

time using the spare sectors per track reallocation scheme.) [10] Flaw reallocation performance impact (For flaws reallocated at format time Negligible

using the spare sectors per cylinder reallocation scheme.) [10] Flaw reallocation performance impact (For flaws reallocated at format 35 ms (typical)

time using the spare tracks per volume reallocation scheme.) Overhead time for head switch (512 byte sectors) 1 ms

Overhead time for one track cylinder switch <3 ms Typical Average rotational latency 5.54 ms

*[ ] Notes listed in Section 5.3.1

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5.3.1 Notes for sections 5.2 and 5.3.

[1] Execution time measured from receipt of the last Byte of the Command Descriptor Block (CDB) to the

request for a Status Byte Transfer to the Initiator (excluding connect/disconnect).

[2] Maximum times are specified over the worst case conditions of temperature, voltage margins and drive

orientation. When comparing specified access times, care should be taken to distinguish between typical access times and maximum access times. The best comparison is obtained by system benchmark tests conducted under identical conditions. Maximum times do not include error recovery.

[3] Typical Access times are measured under nominal conditions of temperature, voltage, and horizontal

orientation as measured on a representative sample of drives. [4] Assumes no errors and no sector has been relocated. [5] Rate measured from the start of the first sector transfer to or from the Host. [6] Assumes the Initiator immediately sends Write Data to the drive when requested. [7] Command execution requires a data transfer phase (data to or from the disc media). Assumes the initiator

is instantly ready to send or receive the data when the drive generates first request for a data byte transfer,

and assumes an average data transfer rate between the drive and the Initiator as specified in section 5.3. [8] All performance characteristics assume that automatic adaptive temperature compensation is not in

process when the SCSI command is received. The following paragraphs give highlights of thermal

calibration operation.

a. At spin-up, all heads are calibrated on the outer and inner diameter calibration tracks.

b. A timed calibration occurs 1 minute after spin-up, and every 10 minutes thereafter. During these

timed calibrations, the firmware alternates between the inner and outer diameter calibration tracks. For example, all heads are calibrated on the inner track, then 10 minutes later all heads are calibrated on the outer track. Automatic adaptive temperature calibration does not interrupt SCSI commands being executed.

c. If automatic adaptive thermal calibration is in process when the drive receives a SCSI command, the

drive queues the command until the compensation for the specific head being compensated completes. When compensation completes f or the specific head being compensated, the drive e xecutes the first queued command. When execution of the first queued command completes, the drive continues compensation for the remaining head(s). The abov e procedure contin ues until the drive completes compensation for all heads.

d. When a timed calibration comes due, the drive postpones the calibration until the drive has been idle

for 25 to 50 milliseconds.

e. When the drive receives a Write command, the drive performs a single head calibration if a calibra-

tion has been delayed f or 1 to 5 minutes. The driv e performs an uninterruptible calibration of all heads if the calibration has been delayed more than 5 minutes .

f. The drive preforms a calibration of all heads prior to the first retry of any media error if a timed

calibration has been delayed f or o v er one minute . g. Automatic adaptive temperature compensation takes less than 0.1% of bus time. h. Automatic adaptive temperature compensation occurs at times other than mentioned above, but

should be transparent to the user (e.g., during execution of Format, Rezero, and Reassign Block

commands).

i. A rezero command can be used to reset the Automatic adaptive temperature compensation timer

back to start so that the host can know when the interruption for timed thermal compensation will

occur.

[9] Assumes system ability to support 5.2 Mb/s and no cable loss. [10] Simulated.

__________ *SCSI commands are described in the SCSI Interface manual, 77738479.

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5.4 Start/stop time

After DC power has been applied, the drive becomes ready within 20 seconds (15 seconds typical) if the Motor Start Option is disabled (i.e. the motor starts as soon as the power has been applied). During this time the drive responds to some commands over the SCSI interface* in less than 3 seconds. Stop time is less than 20 seconds from removal of DC power.

If the Motor Start Option is enabled, the internal controller accepts the commands listed in the SCSI Interface Product Manual* less than 3 seconds after DC power has been applied. After the Motor Start Command has been received the drive becomes ready for normal operations within 13 seconds typically. The Motor Start Command can also be used to command the drive to stop the spindle*.

There is no power control switch on the drive.

5.5 Prefetch/multi segmented cache control

The drive provides prefetch (read look-ahead) and multi-segmented cache control algorithms that in many cases can enhance system performance. “Cache” as used herein refers to the drive buffer storage space when it is used in “cache” operations. To select prefetch and cache features the host sends the Mode Select command with the proper values in the applicable bytes in Mode Page 08h*. Prefetch and cache operation are independent features from the standpoint that each is enabled and disabled independently via the Mode Select command. However, in actual operation the prefetch feature overlaps cache operation somewhat as is noted in sections 5.5.1 and 5.5.2.

All default cache and prefetch Mode parameter values (Mode Page 08h) for standard OEM versions of this drive family are given in Tables 11.3.2-1 through 11.3.2-4.

5.5.1 Cache operation

In general, 480 Kbytes of the 512 Kbytes of physical buffer space in the drive can be used as storage space for cache operations. The buffer can be divided into logical segments (Mode Select Page 08h, byte 13) from which data is read and to which data is written. The drive maintains a table of logical block disk medium addresses of the data stored in each segment of the buffer. If cache operation is enabled (RCD bit = 0 in Mode Page 08h, byte 2, bit 0. See SCSI Interface Product Manual*), data requested by the host with a Read command is retrieved from the buffer (if it is there), before any disc access is initiated. If cache operation is not enabled, the buffer (still segmented with required number of segments) is still used, but only as circular buffer segments during disc medium read operations (disregarding Prefetch operation for the moment). That is, the drive does not check in the buffer segments for the requested read data, but goes directly to the medium to retrieve it. The retrieved data merely passes through some buffer segment on the way to the host. On a cache “miss”, all data transfers to the host are in accordance with “buffer-full” ratio rules. On a cache “hit” the drive ignores the “bufferfull” ration rules. See explanations associated with Mode page 02h (disconnect/reconnect control) in the SCSI Interface Product Manual*.

The following is a simplified description of a read operation with cache operation enabled: Case A - A Read command is received and the first logical block (LB) is already in cache:

1. Drive transfers to the initiator the first LB requested plus all subsequent contiguous LB’s that are already in the cache. This data may be in multiple segments.

2. When the requested LB is reached that is not in any cache segment, the drive fetches it and any remaining requested LB’s from the disc and puts them in a segment of the cache. The drive transfers the remaining requested LB’s from the cache to the host in accordance with the disconnect/reconnect specification mentioned above.

3. If the prefetch feature is enabled, refer to section 5.5.2 for operation from this point.

__________ *SCSI Interface Product Manual, 77738479.

Product Manual - Hawk 2LP Family SCSI-2 (Volume 1), Rev. F 13 _____________________________________________________________________________________

Case B - A Read command requests data, the first LB of which is not in any segment of the cache:

1. The drive fetches the requested LB’s from the disc and transfers them into a segment, and from there to the host in accordance with the disconnect/reconnect specification referred to in case A.

2. If the prefetch feature is enabled, refer to section 5.5.2 for operation from this point.

Each buffer segment is actually a self-contained circular storage (wrap-around occurs), the length of which is an integer number of disc medium sectors. The wrap-around capability of the individual segments greatly enhances the buffer’s overall performance as a cache storage, allowing a wide range of user selectable configurations, which includes their use in the prefetch operation (if enabled), even when cache operation is disabled (see section 5.5.2). The the size can not be directly selected. Size is selected only as a by-product of selecting the segment number specification. The size in Kbytes of each segment is reported by the Mode Sense command page 08h, bytes 14 and 15. If a size specification is sent by the host in a Mode Select command (bytes 14 and 15) no new segment size is set up by the drive, and if the “STRICT” bit in Mode page 00h (byte 2, bit 1) is set to one, the drive responds as it does for any attempt to change unchangeable parameters (see SCSI I/O Product Manual*). The drive supports operation of any integer number of segments from 1 to 16.

5.5.2 Prefetch operation

If the Prefetch feature is enabled, data in contiguous logical blocks on the disc immediately beyond that which was requested by a Read command can be retrieved and stored in the buffer for immediate transfer from the buffer to the host on subsequent Read commands that request those logical blocks (this is true even if “cache” operation is disabled). Though the prefetch operation uses the buffer as a “cache”, finding the requested data in the buffer is a prefetch “hit”, not a “cache” operation “hit”. Prefetch is enabled using Mode Select page 08h, byte 12, bit 5 (Disable Read Ahead - DRA bit). DRA bit = 0 enables prefetch. Since data that is prefetched replaces data already in some buffer segment(s), the host can limit the amount of prefetch data to optimize system performance. The max prefetch field (bytes 8 and 9) limits the amount of prefetch. The drive does not use the prefetch “ceiling” field (bytes 10 and 11).

number

of segments may be selected using the Mode Select command, but

During a prefetch operation, the drive crosses a cylinder boundary to fetch more data only if the Discontinuity (DISC) bit is set to one in bit 4 of byte 2 of Mode parameters page 08h.

Whenever pref etch (read look-ahead) is enabled (enab led by DRA = 0), it operates under the control of ARLA (Adaptive Read Look-Ahead). ARLA enables prefetch of contiguous b locks from the disk when it senses that a prefetch “hit” will likely occur, even if two consecutive read operations were not for physically contiguous blocks of data (e.g. “software interleave”). ARLA disables prefetch when it decides that a pref etch "hit" will not likely occur. If the host is not using software interleave, and if two sequential read operations are not for contiguous blocks of data, ARLA disables prefetch, but as long as sequential read operations request contiguous blocks of data, ARLA keeps pref etch enabled.

__________ *SCSI Interface Product Manual, P/N 77738479.

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